专题1 选择型阅读（word教师用书）-【芸熙百分】2025-2026学年八年级英语下册期末必刷卷（人教版·新教材 河南专版）

**基本信息** 以文体分类构建阅读能力体系，融合题型解法与逻辑分析，提升语言理解与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |应用文阅读|2篇（书评/急救）|推理判断（文体特征分析）、图文转换（信息定位匹配）|从实用文体特征出发，聚焦细节提取与逻辑推理| |记叙文阅读|2篇（跳伞/足球赛）|词义猜测（上下文语境推断）、情感分析（关键词定位）|以叙事线索为核心，关联人物行为与情感发展| |说明文阅读|3篇（茶文化/零浪费/自然灾害）|文章结构（总分总逻辑梳理）、写作手法（观点-事实-原因分析）|按说明对象构建知识框架，整合主旨归纳与信息对比|

专题1　选择型阅读 应用文阅读 A（话题：12 岁女孩眼中的《查理和巧克力工厂》） 　　Gabrielle，12 years old，likes reading books.She read the book Charlie and the Chocolate Factory for 2 hours in the morning and half an hour after dinner.After finishing reading it，she spent 40 minutes writing the following text. BOOK CLUB：YOUR REVIEWS（书评）！ Charlie and the Chocolate Factory by Roald Dahl What’s the book about？ 　　The book is about a boy called Charlie.His family is very poor.They don’t have much money and they don’t have much food.There is a chocolate factory near Charlie’s house.It is Willy Wonka’s factory.Willy Wonka invites five children to visit the chocolate factory. My favourite character： 　　My favourite character is Charlie because he is very kind.I don’t like the other children because they are unfriendly！ My opinion of the book： 　　This book is great！I love the incredible（极好的） chocolates and sweets in the factory. Words to describe the book： interesting funny sad amazing magical exciting Star rating： 　　I give the book：★★★★★ 　　5 stars＝Fantastic　4 stars＝Very good 　　3 stars＝OK　2 stars＝Bad　1 star＝Terrible 　　根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 （　D　）1.How long did it take Gabrielle to finish reading the book？ A.30 minutes.　　　　B.120 minutes. C.40 minutes.　　　　D.150 minutes. （　B　）2.  Which of the following are mentioned in the text？ ①The owner of the factory. ②The long history of the factory. ③The location（位置） of the factory. ④The popularity of the factory. ⑤The children’s happy time in the factory. A.①②　　B.①③　　C.②④　　D.③⑤ （　D　）3.What does Gabrielle think of the book？ A.Terrible.　　B.Bad.　　C.So－so.　　D.Fantastic. （　A　）4.What can we learn about the character Charlie？ A.He can’t afford（买得起） much food. B.He lives in the chocolate factory with his family. C.He can’t get on with the other children. D.He invites children to visit the chocolate factory. （　C　）5.What is the text？ A.A library poster.　　　　B.A club notice. C.A book review.　　　　D.A news report. 解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文以12岁的 Gabrielle 的视角展开，内容涵盖了《查理和巧克力工厂》的作者、她最喜欢的角色、书籍核心情节、个人阅读观点及星级评分，符合“书评”的文体特征。故选C。 B（话题：日常意外的急救指南） 　　It’s just a common day at school.You and your friend are talking in your classroom.Suddenly，your friend’s nose starts to bleed.What would you do？Would you do something to help your friend？ 　　In daily life，accidents happen now and then.Nosebleeds are just one of them.But if you learn some basic first aid skills，you can help people during accidents and may even save their lives. 　　The second Saturday of September is World First Aid Day.It is a good time for us to learn more about first aid. 　　根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 （　B　）6.Which day is the World First Aid Day in 2026？ A.　　　　B. C.　　　　D. （　C　）7.Which is the first aid in the following situations？ A.Someone has a nosebleed.Move the head backward. B.The food chocks someone when he’s eating.Call 120. C.Someone breaks the right leg in PE class.Use hands to support it. D.Someone gets burnt.Put toothpaste（牙膏） on the burnt area. （　D　）8. What should Becky do when she gets burnt？ A.　　B.　　C.　　D. 解析：图文转换题。根据表格·Burn部分中“Quickly cool the burnt area with cold running water.”可知，当被烧伤时，应该用流动的冷水快速冷却烧伤部位，这一处理方式与D项图片内容相符。故选D。 （　A　）9.In which blank can we fill with the underlined word “still”？ A.Stand 　　　　 when you meet snakes in the wild. B.She spoke quietly to 　　　　 the scared child. C.We 　　　　 need some time to learn first aid skills. D.They have lived in this city for 10 years and 　　　　 love it. 解析：词义猜测题。根据表格中“Support the broken part with your hands or clothes to keep it from moving.（用手或衣物托住骨折部位，防止其移动。）”可知，骨折后需保持骨折部位稳定，由此可推知画线单词still的意思为“静止不动的”。A项（当你在野外遇到蛇时，保持静止不动。）与该词词义完全契合，符合题意。故选A。 （　C　）10.Which can be the theme of this text？ A.Meet accidents，wait for help. B.Save lives on World First Aid Day. C.Learn first aid skills，save people in need. D.Solve all daily accidents to help others. 记叙文阅读 C （话题：热爱可抵万难） 　　I was ready to do my first jump 10 months after a skydiving（特技跳伞） accident.I couldn’t wait！ That accident almost killed me and it made me stay in hospital for half a year.During the boring long days，I didn’t feel happy to be alive.I was wondering how I could live without my favourite sport. 　　It all started one evening after a nine－to－five day.I was sitting on the sofa when an ad came on the television.“Try skydiving！” it said.The next day，I went to the skydiving school in my town.At the end of the day’s lessons，I knew I found the right sport for me. 　　I would never forget my first jump.Five of us walked to the runway and got into a plane.I was scared，but the others were talking and joking，and I started to feel a little relaxed.It was a beautiful，cloudless day and the sun was just going down.Soon it was time to jump.As I jumped from the plane，I shouted.But then everything became quiet.It was the most wonderful four minutes of my life. 　　From the first jump，I was hooked.I started spending all my free time skydiving.It became my reason for living.Things were going really well.Then an accident happened on my 104th jump.I broke both my legs，right arm and nose.I stayed in hospital for six months，but I still couldn’t forget skydiving. 　　My mother couldn’t understand why the only reason that I wanted to get better was to go skydiving again.But for me，skydiving is life，and life is skydiving. 　　根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 （　D　）11.When the writer was in hospital，he 　　　　. A.thought the time was funny B.felt lucky to be alive C.wanted to kill himself D.wondered how to live without skydiving （　A　）12.How did the writer first know skydiving？ A.From a TV ad.　　　　B.From a magazine. C.From the hospital.　　　　D.From a sports show. （　B　）13.When did the writer try his first skydiving？ A.On a morning.　　　　B.On an afternoon. C.Ten months ago.　　　　D.Six months ago. （　C　）14.What does the underlined word “hooked” mean in Chinese？ A.失望的　　B.感激的　　C.着迷的　　D.遗憾的 解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第四段中“From the first jump，I was hooked.I started spending all my free time skydiving.”可知，作者从第一次跳伞后，便将全部空闲时间投入其中，这一行为体现了对跳伞的极度热爱与痴迷。由此可推知，画线单词hooked意为“着迷的”。故选C。 （　A　）15.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text？ A.The writer had an accident on his 104th jump. B.The writer’s mother thought skydiving was interesting. C.The writer’s mother planned to try skydiving with him. D.The writer wants to start a skydiving school in the future. D（话题：赛场逆袭记） 　　It was a sunny day.The school soccer team was about to play the final game.As Jason walked onto the field（运动场） with the team，he felt excited and nervous. 　　Mike，the team leader，called everyone together.“Today is the big day！We practised hard.Let’s do our best！” His words made the team feel encouraged. 　　At first，the team played really well.They passed the ball successfully and ran toward the other team’s goal.Jason was in the middle of the field.He saw David，their best player，get away from two defenders（后卫）.David waved，asking for a pass.When Jason got the ball，he thought，“I can shine now！”But then，the crowd shouted loudly.Jason turned to look，and in that second，he messed up.His pass was weak，and the other team took the ball.They ran fast and scored（得分）. goal 　　Jason stood there，frozen（呆若木鸡）.His face burned with shame as he heard some teammates sigh（叹气）.He wanted to say sorry，but the words stuck in his throat.David ran past him without a word，and Jason knew he was sad too.The other team seemed to know their weakness.They attacked（进攻） again and again，and the defense（防守） was in a mess.Every time the other team got closer to the goal，Jason felt like his heart was in his mouth.He kept thinking，“This is all my mistake.I messed up the game for everyone.” 　　Before Jason could feel better，the team made another mistake.Right before half－time，the other team scored one more goal.At half－time，they were losing 1－2.Jason felt terrible.He thought he had let everyone down. 　　During the break，Mike said，“Mistakes happen.We’re a team.Let’s work together and win！” Then he made a new plan for the team. 　　In the second half，they played smarter.They talked more and passed carefully.Finally，Jason found an open space and scored the winning goal！They won 3－2！Everyone hugged and cheered.Jason knew this day would stay with him forever. 　　根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 （　C　）16.What happened RIGHT AFTER Jason heard the crowd shout？ A.He called the team together. B.He scored a goal for his team. C.He messed up and lost the ball. D.He passed the ball successfully. （　A　）17.How did Jason feel in Paragraph 4？ A.Sad，shame and nervous. B.Tired，worried but happy. C.Excited，nervous and relaxed. D.Sad，worried but confident. （　D　）18.What did Mike do during the half－time break？ A.He shouted at Jason for his mistake. B.He sat alone and didn’t talk to anyone. C.He asked some new players to join the game. D.He told the team to work together and try harder. （　B　）19.How many goals did Jason’s team score in the second half？ A.One.　　B.Two.　　C.Three.　　D.Four. （　A　）20.What can we learn from the text？ A.Teamwork can turn mistakes into success. B.Friendship is more important than the game. C.It’s better to avoid mistakes than to fix them. D.Success in a game depends on the best player. 解析：主旨大意题。本文通过讲述Jason 出现失误后，团队成员齐心协力、团结协作扭转战局并最终获胜的故事，揭示了“Teamwork can turn mistakes into success.（团队合作能将失误转化为成功。）” 的核心主旨，告诉我们面对失误时，集体的力量能弥补个人不足，助力目标达成。故选A。 说明文阅读 E（话题：中英茶文化的碰撞） 　　Do you like drinking tea？In some cultures，tea drinking is a social event with some customs.China and the UK are two countries with well－developed tea cultures. 　　In China，there are traditional customs for tea drinking，from how to fill the teacup to ways of thanking the server.For example，a tea drinker can thank the server by knocking on the table with the index finger（食指） and middle finger. 　　In China，tea customs can express different feelings.Offering tea to the elders，for example，is a way of showing respect.A newly－married couple may serve tea during their wedding ceremony to express thanks to their parents.In other situations，pouring tea for someone can be a way to say sorry. 　　In the UK，afternoon tea is the most famous tea tradition.It started in the 1840s.It usually happens at around 4 p.m.，but it can be a little earlier or later.It is a time for conversation and relaxation，when people take a break from their day.Traditionally，afternoon tea is taken with cakes and sandwiches. 　　In the UK，high tea is a variation（变化） on afternoon tea.In the past，high tea was for working－class families that could not pay for a proper dinner.It happens a little later than afternoon tea and is served with a hot meal，including meat，home－made bread，vegetables… 　　Tea customs play an important role in both China and the UK.In China，tea customs are a way to express feelings.In the UK，they let people relax and rest during a busy day. 　　根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 （　B　）21.What does the tea drinker mean when he knocks on the table with his index finger and middle finger in China？ A.To praise the tea. B.To thank the server. C.To ask his cup to be filled. D.To show his respect for the server. （　B　）22.  What are the differences between afternoon tea and high tea？ ①They were introduced by different classes. ②They’re served with different food. ③They happen at different times. ④They happen in different countries. A.①②　　B.②③　　C.①④　　D.③④ （　B　）23.What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 4 refer to？ A.The UK.　　　　B.Afternoon tea. C.The 1840s.　　　　D.A social event. （　C　）24.  Which of the following shows the structure of the text？ A.　　　　B. C.　　　　D. 解析：文章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段总述中国和英国的茶文化；第二、三段对中国的茶文化展开具体介绍；第四、五段详细阐述英国的茶文化；第六段概括全文。文章为“总—分—总”结构。故选C。 （　A　）25.What is the text mainly about？ A.Tea cultures in two different countries. B.Different ways of drinking tea. C.Why tea is so important around the world. D.How Chinese tea customs influenced the UK. 解析：主旨大意题。本文围绕“中国和英国的茶文化”展开，呈现了中英两国各具特色的茶文化及其价值。A项（两个不同国家的茶文化。）符合文章主旨。故选A。  F（话题：绿色志愿行） 　　Want to make a difference in your community？Becoming a zero－waste volunteer is the way to go！ 　　Join a Community Garden 　　So many people don’t know where their food comes from.Growing food by yourselves teaches you the true value of food.What’s more，there is no need to pack the food you grow in the garden.Offer your time to help support a garden in your neighbourhood.You’ll get to meet all kinds of people there，and possibly begin a conversation about zero－waste lifestyle. 　　Lead or Join a Neighbourhood Clean－up 　　Usually，litter left unattended（无人看管的） will pollute our water systems.Even worse，any litter （in the ocean or on the ground） can be eaten by animals.This causes them to die slowly and painfully.Getting a group together to pick up trash（垃圾） around the neighbourhood is a great way to combat this problem. 　　　▲　 　　Going to a town hall meeting is a great idea.Because you can see and hear the problems in your community.Besides，you may even be able to speak at a town hall meeting as a guest speaker telling other people about zero－waste lifestyle. 　　Organize a Zero－waste Meeting 　　It’s so important to have a support group filled with people who also love zero－waste lifestyle.Although online community is great，it cannot compare to real life support groups.If you want to gather people in your neighbourhood to talk all things about zero waste，consider organizing a meeting.Just choose a place to meet（a local cafe works well），choose a date and time，and put up a notice on the internet.You’ll get surprises！ 　　根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 （　C　）26.  If a person joins a community garden，he or she can 　　　　. ①teach himself or herself the true value of food by growing food ②stop animals from eating litter ③talk about zero－waste lifestyle with others ④give a speech about zero－waste lifestyle A.①②　　B.②③　　C.①③　　D.③④ （　A　）27.What does the underlined word “combat” in the text probably mean？ A.Fight against.　　　　B.Get used to. C.Look through.　　　　D.Come up with. 解析：词义猜测题。第三段先指出核心问题：无人看管的垃圾会污染水源、导致动物误食死亡。随后文章给出针对性解决方案“Getting a group together to pick up trash（召集一群人清理社区周围的垃圾）”，而“清理垃圾”的行为是为了应对垃圾带来的危害。由此可推知，画线单词combat意为“对抗”，与“fight against”同义。故选A。 （　D　）28. Which can be put in “　▲　”？ A.Bring Your Own Problem B.Host a Zero－waste Workshop C.Become a Guest Speaker D.Go to a Town Hall Meeting （　B　）29.What can we know from the last paragraph？ A.A local cafe is too noisy for us to organize a meeting. B.A real life support group is better than an online community. C.A support group needs members who disagree with each other. D.Organizing a meeting can educate the people in our community. （　D　）30.What’s the best title for this text？ A.The Importance of Zero Waste B.The Ways to Protect the Environment C.The Power of People Joining Together D.The Ways to be a Zero－waste Volunteer 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章开篇以“Becoming a zero－waste volunteer is the way to go！” 点明主题，主要介绍了“零浪费生活方式”，以及支持该生活方式可参加的一些具体的志愿活动。D项（成为“零浪费生活方式”志愿者的方法）符合文章主旨，适合作本文的最佳标题。故选D。  G（话题：全球灾害实录与人类的敬畏之思） 　　Natural disasters，such as earthquakes，rainstorms and strong winds，usually make a big difference to human life.They not only cause property（财产） loss but also take away people’s lives. 　　Strong winds can be very terrible.On 31st March，2024，strong winds hit Nanchang，Jiangxi Province.The strong winds broke the windows into pieces and blew off three people sleeping at home，causing their deaths.What’s worse，more than 1，600 trees were blown down overnight.This deadly disaster was mainly caused by funnelling（狭管效应）. 　　When the earthquake happens，the ground and buildings will shake terribly.In serious situations，buildings may even fall down and people will die.In Taiwan，the most powerful earthquake in a quarter century rocked the island on 3rd April，2024.At least nine people were killed and hundreds of people were hurt. 　　Another example is rainstorms.They can flood many places.Dubai lies on the coast of the Persian Gulf（波斯湾） and in the northeast of the UAE（阿联酋） with a long and beautiful coastline.It doesn’t rain a lot.But on 16th April，2024，a big rainstorm hit Dubai.It rained so heavily in just 12 hours that it was like a whole year’s worth of rain.The heavy rain flooded roads，shopping malls，and even airports. 　　To better deal with natural disasters，we need to make our disaster prevention，mitigation，and relief coordination system（救灾协调系统） better.Also，people should learn ways to protect themselves when facing natural disasters.But most importantly，we should realize that we are not the master of nature，and we need to care about it and respect it. 　　根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 （　B　）31.How many pieces of news about natural disasters are mentioned？ A.Two.　　B.Three.　　C.Four.　　D.Five. （　B　）32.What kind of damage（破坏） can an earthquake probably cause？ A.It can blow down a lot of trees. B.It can make buildings fall and kill people. C.It can flood many places like roads and airports. D.It can make plants die because of too little water. （　C　）33. How does the writer develop Paragraph 2？ A.Fact—opinion—way.　　B.Fact—way—opinion. C.Opinion—fact—reason.　　D.Opinion—reason—fact. 解析：写作手法题。通读第二段可知，本段第一句表述了作者认为“强风非常糟糕”的观点，接下来讲述了江西南昌遭受强风自然灾害的事实，最后说明了此次灾害发生的原因。因此本段写作顺序为“观点—事实—原因”。故选C。 （　B　）34.  Which map shows the location of Dubai？（：the location of Dubai） A.　　　　B. C.　　　　D. （　B　）35.What might be talked about in the following paragraph？ A.Why natural disasters can take away people’s lives. B.How we can respect nature and live better with it. C.Where we can learn about different natural disasters. D.Which kind of natural disasters is the most dangerous. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But most importantly，we should realize that we are not the master of nature，and we need to care about it and respect it.”可知，文章结尾告诉大家要关心和尊重大自然，所以推测接下来会讲述尊重大自然的方法。B项（我们如何尊重大自然，更好地与之相处。）符合题意。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $