抢分09 宇宙与航天（抢分专练）（湖南专用）2026年中考英语终极冲刺讲练测

抢分09 宇宙与航天（热点时文） 热点导读 热点集训 题型 篇目 文章大意 阅读 理解 Passage A 介绍中国计划在月球建造“太空农场”，通过特殊机器建造植物生长室，种植土豆和草莓，并回顾2019年棉花实验的改进经验。 Passage B 介绍中国太空实验小鼠的升空、命名、返航与科研价值，展示中国航天科普与太空生物研究进展。 Passage C 介绍中国首次在重庆洞穴开展的航天员训练项目，说明选择洞穴训练的原因、挑战及与欧洲训练的区别。 Passage D 讲述2026年元宵节与罕见“红月亮”（月全食）相遇的特别夜晚，以及人们的节日庆祝活动。 阅读还原 Passage A 介绍中国登月服“望宇”的命名由来、设计特点、文化寓意及防护功能。 Passage B 概述人类探索太空的历程，重点介绍中国在载人航天、空间站建设及火星探测方面取得的成就。 Passage C 科普重力的作用及其在不同天体（地球、木星、月球、土星）上的差异，强调重力对维持宇宙秩序的重要性。 完形填空 Passage A 设想未来人类乘坐太空船前往月球旅行的场景，介绍旅途时间、月球环境及重力特点。 Passage B 介绍中国在空间站进行太空种植的研究，包括失重、光照等挑战及已取得的成果，说明太空农业的意义。 短文填空 Passage A 介绍中国“天宫课堂”第四课的授课内容、实验展示及对青少年的教育与激励作用。 Passage B 报道2026年中国载人月球探测工程关键飞行测试成功，说明其对未来研制和年轻一代的意义。 Passage C 介绍火星在太阳系中的位置、大小、温度、外观特征及重力等基本信息。 阅读表达 Passage A 报道神舟二十一号载人飞船与天和核心舱成功对接、航天员进驻天宫空间站及任务意义。 书面表达 Passage A 要求分享太空探索中触动心弦的瞬间或故事，并谈及其如何促使自己在学习或生活中尝试新事物。 Passage B 要求根据海报写一篇关于“学校太空日”活动的报道，介绍活动内容及同学们的感受。 一、阅读理解 Passage A (25-26九下·湖南衡阳·期中) China is building a “Space Farm” on the moon! Scientists plan to send special machines to the moon at the end of 2026. These machines will build a small room for plants. The room will have special lights and water systems. Why do we need a farm on the moon? When astronauts go to the moon, they need food. If they can grow food there, they can stay longer. It will also help us get ready for trips to Mars. The first plants on the moon will be potatoes and strawberries. Scientists chose them because they grow fast. The potatoes will be in small boxes with special soil. The strawberries will grow under pink LED lights. In 2019, Chinese scientists grew cotton on the moon for the first time. But the plants died because it was too cold. This time, the room will be warmer. A scientist says, “We learned from our mistakes. Now we are ready to try again.” Many students in China are excited about the space farm. A 14-year-old girl from Yunnan said, “I want to grow strawberries on the moon one day!” Maybe one day, her dream will come true. 1．What will China send to the moon at the end of 2026? A．Astronauts. B．Animals. C．Building machines. 2．Why do scientists choose potatoes and strawberries? A．They are cheap. B．They grow fast. C．They are delicious. 3．What happened in 2019? A．Potatoes grew well on the moon. B．Cotton grew but then died. C．Strawberries grew on Mars. 4．How does the new moon farm keep plants warm? A．By using heaters. B．By using sunlight. C．By using a special room. Passage B (2026·辽宁沈阳·一模改编) A research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) announced (宣布) the names of the four mice that returned from China’s space station on November 14th, 2025. The mice have been named Wangtian, Lanyue, Zhuiyun and Zhumeng. Besides the announcement, the team also published cute cartoon images (形象) of the mice. On October 31st, 2025, the four mice—numbered 6,98,154 and 186—were chosen from 48 candidates (候选者), and on the same day they travelled to space on China’s Shenzhou ⅩⅩⅠ spaceship with taikonauts. These mice stayed in a special home made for them in space. While they were in space, Xinhua News invited the public to give names for the mice. The names now in use were the most popular ones that people voted for online. The mice safely returned to Earth with the Shenzhou ⅩⅩⅠ crew (全体人员) on November 14th. “After the mice came back from space, we started studying them,” said Li Tianda, an animal expert of the CAS. “We want to learn how living in space changes animals’ bodies and the way they act. We’re especially interested in how they deal with stress and get used to new environments.” The name announcement is part of a public science event about “flying mice”. This event enables visitors to see real science experiments from China’s space program and learn how scientists study animals in space. 1．Which mouse’s name has the meaning of “looking at the sky”? A．Wangtian. B．Lanyue. C．Zhuiyun. 2．Who does the underlined word “taikonauts” refer to? A．The team numbers. B．The space travellers. C．The Chinese astronauts. 3．How long did the mice stay in space? A．Almost a week. B．Ten days. C．About half a month. 4．Why did the experts study the four mice? A．To publish their cartoon images. B．To learn how they lived in space. C．To collect popular names online. Passage C (2026·辽宁大连·一模改编) ①To fly high into space, Chinese astronauts are practicing their skills by going underground. ②This past winter, a cave in the mountains of Wulong district, Chongqing, held China’s first astronaut cave-training program, reported Xinhua. The astronauts were put into four groups. Each group stayed in the cave for six days and five nights, working on tasks like scientific research and life support. ③Caves are similar to space in many ways. For example, astronauts are cut off from the outside world and have little room to move. These conditions can be copied at usual training grounds, but a natural cave offers the best experience, said Beijing Daily. ④Cold (only about 8℃) and wet, the cave is full of narrow passages (通道) and steep (陡峭的) walls. With falling stones and the risk of getting lost, astronauts face sudden physical dangers, which train them to stay calm and think fast. ⑤The training also makes astronauts stronger in mind. Jiang Yuan, who helped train the astronauts, shared the stress she felt when she tried the program herself. “The biggest challenge for me was the darkness,” Jiang told Xinhua. “My movements slowed and my memory got fuzzy—once I checked the rope three times but I still couldn’t remember if I had already tied it.” Astronaut Zhu Yangzhu pointed out the strange silence, just like in space. “We could hear our own heartbeat and breath,” he told CGTN. ⑥The European Space Agency (ESA) began developing cave training in 2005. “Compared to the European training, our support team got in the way as little as possible,” Ye Guangfu, one of the astronauts in the Chongqing program, told Xinhua. “This lets astronauts trust themselves and solve problems on their own.” 1．What’s Paragraph ③ mainly about? A．Differences between caves and space. B．Challenges of the cave training. C．Reasons for choosing caves for training. 2．What does the underlined word “fuzzy” mean in English? A．Unclear. B．Strong. C．Quick. 3．Compared to the European training, China’s cave training ________. A．has a much longer history B．depends less on the support team C．offers better working conditions 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Finding fun in natural caves B．China’s first space-training program C．Cave training for flying high Passage D (25-26九下·辽宁锦州·开学考改编) On March 3rd, 2026, Chinese people celebrated the Lantern Festival with a big surprise— the rare “red moon”. As one of the most important traditional festivals in China, it became even more special this year because of the total lunar eclipse (月全食) . This amazing natural scene only happens once every 46 years, so people of all ages felt excited about it. During the eclipse, the moon looks red and bright. The most fantastic moment came at 19: 33. The moon turned into a beautiful red ball, shining brightly in the dark sky. The moon is the most special and beautiful in the sky. Under the clear weather, people across the country looked up and admired the red moon with their own eyes. They don’t need any special tools to enjoy this fantastic natural show. Many families went outside to look at the sky together. They sat outside, chatting and watching the sky together. It was a perfect time for us to feel the warmth of family and the magic of nature. The Lantern Festival is a traditional Chinese festival with a long history. Like every year, people enjoyed traditional festival activities too. Colorful lanterns lit up the streets, parks and homes. People tasted sweet rice dumplings and shared the delicious food with their loved ones. This special night mixed the joy of the Lantern Festival with the wonder of the red moon. It left everyone with a sweet memory of love and happiness. This special day brings people closer and makes the whole night full of love and fun. Everyone can enjoy themselves on this unforgettable and meaningful night. 1．When did the Lantern Festival with the red moon take place? A．On March 3rd, 2025. B．On March 3rd, 2026. C．On January 15th, 2026. 2．How often does the amazing red moon scene happen? A．Once every 10 years. B．Once every 26 years. C．Once every 46 years. 3．What can we learn according to the passage? A．People needed special tools to watch the red moon. B．The red moon reached its most fantastic moment at 19: 33. C．The red moon appeared with the Lantern Festival every year. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The unforgettable night when the Lantern Festival met the red moon. B．The introduction of the total lunar eclipse (red moon) . C．How to celebrate the Lantern Festival in China. 二、阅读还原 Passage A (英语一模提分卷·海南专用改编) China plans to carry out its first manned task (任务) to the moon around the year of 2030. To make the plan go well, it makes a new moon-landing spacesuit called “Wangyu” (望宇). 1 The new spacesuit appeared for the first time at the third Spacesuit Technology Meeting in Chongqing. 2 The red stripes on the arms are like ribbons from the famous “fei tian” of Dunhuang art, while those on the legs are like rocket fires. 3 There is no air on the moon and it’s either very hot or cold. 4 It has a control panel (面板), as well as cameras for recording (记录) what astronauts will see on the moon. So astronauts will be able to walk, climb, drive and carry out scientific tasks on the moon. The spacesuit is very light. Yang Yuguang, a space transportation expert, said, “ 5 So, we must make the spacesuit as light as possible to cut down their physical burden (负担).” A．It’s white suit with red stripes (条纹) on it. B．The design (设计) of the spacesuit brings traditional art and the spirit of Chinese people together. C．The name comes from more than 9,000 choices by the public. D．Astronauts will wear spacesuits all the time when finishing tasks on the moon. E．So the spacesuit is made to protect astronauts from the moon’s terrible environment. Passage B (25九上·山西太原·二模改编) “Are we alone? What’s out there?” People have always looked up at the stars and wondered about the space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt traveling into space was only a dream. 1 After many tests, they succeeded in making rockets that could overcome Earth’s gravity (重力). Ever since then, human’s exploration (探索) to space has started. 2 China’s space program started late in the last century, but it has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003. 3 It is large enough to allow astronauts to carry out many important scientific studies. More recently, Shenzhou-20 manned spaceship was successfully sent into space on April 24th, 2025. Besides the exploration near the earth, many countries are doing some research on other planets. For example, on July 23rd, 2020, China sent Tianwen-1 to explore (探索) the surface of Mars. Planets like Mars might be safe enough for humans to live on. 4 There is still a long way for humans to go to explore space. If you are interested in space walking, go for your dream. 5 Maybe you will become one of the engineers who work on China’s space exploration. A．China has never stopped its steps exploring the space. B．This shows that exploring other planets could help find humanity’s future homes. C．It certainly requires a lot of hard work and a strong will. D．However, scientists made up their mind to make it come true. E．In 2022, China completely set up its own space station Tiangong. Passage C (2026九年级·吉林·专题练习改编) Gravity (重力) is the force that keeps our feet on the ground. When kids jump up to catch a ball, gravity is what brings them back down. And what if there was no gravity? 1 This force isn’t the same everywhere. 2 Here on Earth, gravity is just right for us. But it’s different on other planets and moons. Some have more gravity, and some have less. For example, Jupiter (木星) is the biggest planet in our solar system, so it has a lot of gravity. If we went to Jupiter, we’d feel super heavy. Throwing a ball would be difficult — it wouldn’t go far because the strong gravity would pull it down quickly. Now let’s talk about the Moon. It’s much smaller than Earth, so it has less gravity. If you weighed 60 pounds on Earth, you would only weigh about 10 pounds on the Moon. 3 Playing basketball would be a whole new game. 4 If you stood on Saturn (土星), you’d weigh more than you do on Earth. Just lifting your arms might feel like a workout. But think about going skating there. You’d skate down hills crazily fast because the strong gravity would pull you down harder. In short, gravity is what makes sure that anything that goes up must come down. It’s a cool part of our universe that helps keep everything in place, from the smallest dirt to the biggest star. 5 It makes sure our world stays just as it should. A．With less gravity, we could jump much higher on the Moon. B．We would fly into outer space. C．Even though we can’t see it, gravity is working all the time. D．It changes depending on where you are. E．And then there’s Saturn, another giant planet. 三、完形填空 Passage A (天津河西·一模改编) Believe it or not, the day when you can go to the moon is coming soon. You can go into space 1 space shuttle (太空船). It 2 about three days for the shuttle to go from the earth to the moon. The shuttle flies a long way to a space station. You can stay there for a short rest and then it will 3 you to the moon. Now you can jump out of the shuttle. But you mustn’t take off your spacesuit (太空服), because it is very hot in the daytime and very cold at night on the 4 . The moon is much smaller than the earth. Things are 5 on the moon than they are on the earth. You can jump high every time you take a step. You will find that it is never tiring to walk on the moon. You don’t need to take an umbrella or a raincoat with you 6 there is no rain on the moon. You can hear 7 because there is no air on the moon. And there are no animals or other living things there.     The moon moves more 8 than the earth, so one day on the moon is as long as two weeks on the earth and one night is just as long as two weeks on the earth. What could you do in 9 long days and nights and in a silent world? Now 10 are trying to make the best of the moon. But our earth is really a far better place to live, as long as we take good care of it. 1．A．by B．under C．for 2．A．spends B．costs C．takes 3．A．join B．carry C．count 4．A．moon B．shuttle C．earth 5．A．light B．heavy C．lighter 6．A．because B．when C．if 7．A．something B．nothing C．everything 8．A．slow B．fast C．slowly 9．A．so B．such C．very 10．A．teachers B．scientists C．things Passage B (25-26九年级下·安徽铜陵·月考改编) When we mention space, we usually think of rockets and stars. But now, Chinese scientists are thinking about building gardens in the air. For future long trips to Mars, astronauts cannot bring all the food from 1 . It costs too much money and the spaceship has limited (有限的) room. This is a serious 2 . So, before we go further into the universe, we must learn to 3 vegetables in the space station. However, space gardening is not easy. The biggest challenge is gravity (重力). On the ground, water goes down into the soil. But in space, water floats (漂浮) 4 like small balls. If astronauts are not careful, the water might damage (损坏) the machines. Light is another matter. In space, the sun rises and sets many times a day. To 5 this, scientists use special LED lights. These lights create a “sun” for the plants to ensure they get enough light. China has done a good job in this field. Astronauts on the Tiangong Space Station have successfully grown and eaten 6 lettuce and tomatoes. They said the vegetables tasted delicious. Besides providing food, plants also provide clean 7 for astronauts to breathe. What’s more, looking at green leaves makes them feel 8 and less lonely. It reminds them of their beautiful home. Space farming is 9 for humans to explore the universe. It serves as a symbol of 10 in the cold, dark sky. It shows that life can continue anywhere. 1．A．Earth B．rush C．sand 2．A．chance B．choice C．problem 3．A．find B．carry C．grow 4．A．anywhere B．everywhere C．somewhere 5．A．deal with B．agree with C．connect with 6．A．fresh B．expensive C．dry 7．A．space B．wind C．air 8．A．nervous B．relaxed C．tired 9．A．possible B．necessary C．responsible 10．A．hope B．power C．peace 四、短文填空 Passage A (25-26九年级下·四川自贡·期中) China’s space classroom has become very popular among students. On October 12th, the astronauts of Shenzhou held the 1 (four) space classroom session. Thousands of students from all over the country watched the live broadcast. In the space classroom, astronauts showed students how to do experiments in space. They showed the influence of 2 (weight/weightless), plants and even small animals. The experiments were so interesting that students 3 (excite) asked many questions. Astronauts also shared 4 (they) daily life in space. They talked about how they sleep, eat and exercise. To keep healthy, astronauts exercise for two hours every day. They use special exercise equipment 5 (prevent) muscle loss. The space classroom is not only 6 (educate) but also inspiring. It helps students learn science knowledge in a fun way 7 encourages them to achieve their dreams of exploring space. Many students say that they want to be astronauts or scientists when they grow up. Since 2013, China 8 (hold) several space classroom classes. Each class has different themes and experiments. The next class is planned to be held next year, and it will focus on space agriculture. The space classroom connects students on Earth 9 the mysterious space. It opens a window for young people to explore the universe and helps them develop 10 interest in science. Passage B (25-26九年级下·江苏南通·月考) China has made great progress in space exploration. The dream of sending Chinese astronauts to the moon is getting 1 (far) away from just a dream—it is becoming reality. On February 11,2026, China successfully performed a key flight test for its manned lunar exploration program at the Wenchang Space Launch Site. When facing the 2 (possible) of danger at the moment of greatest pressure on the rocket, the escape system worked without any problem. The return capsule (返回舱) separated from the rocket as planned. After about 470 seconds, both the first stage of the rocket and the return capsule 3 (fall) into the sea safely in the planned area. This test marked the first flight of the Long March-10 in its prototype form (原型状态). Astronauts 4 (choose) carefully for such important missions. This success helps with the 5 (develop) of future flight models. If any part of the system 6 (fail), the result will be dangerous, but this time everything worked as it should. The interest in space among young people is growing. More students are learning about science and hoping to become astronauts. Space exploration also helps us understand how to protect our 7 (pollute) Earth better. 8 (day) efforts of the scientists and engineers made this success a reality. Their hard work is often 9 (know) to the public, but it is truly valuable. The goal is 10 (serve) the country’s dream of exploring space and to inspire future generations. This important success brings China closer to its goal of sending astronauts to the moon before 2030. The journey continues, and the future is full of hope. Passage C (26九下·河南濮阳·一模) reason  small  four  both  tell  planet  reach  low  surface  soil In the solar system, the Sun is in the center, and it is the only star in the solar system. As a star, the Sun has eight 1 around it, and Mars is one of them. Let me tell you more about it. Mars is 2 than the Earth. Its diameter is 53% as wide as that of the Earth, about 6,800 kilometers. It is the 3 planet from the Sun in our solar system and is named after Mars, the Roman god of war. Earth is about 150 million kilometers away from the Sun. As a neighbouring planet, Mars is about 228 million kilometers away from the Sun. This is the 4 that Mars is colder than Earth. The temperature on Mars is about -63℃ on average. The 5 temperature is -138℃, but the highest temperature is 28℃. It takes a spaceship about eight months to 6 Mars from Earth when the two planets are closest to each other. You can 7 which planet is Mars as it is bright red in the night sky. It looks like a red and orange ball because of its red 8 . It’s very beautiful. But during the spring and summer, there is a lot of ice 9 on and under the ground. The gravity (重力) on the 10 of Mars is about 40% as strong as it is on Earth. So a 90-kilogram person on Earth is only 36 kilos on Mars. Scientists are still searching for more information about Mars. 五、阅读表达 Passage A (25-26九上·内蒙古呼和浩特·期末) The Shenzhou-21 manned spacecraft docked (对接) successfully with the forward port (端口) of the Tianhe core module (核心舱) at 3:22 a.m. on November 1st. The whole docking process lasted about 3.5 hours, setting a new record for the fastest rendezvous and docking (交会对接) between a Shenzhou spacecraft and the space station. After the hatch (舱门) opened, the three astronauts, Zhang Lu, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang, entered the Tiangong Space Station. They were greeted and hugged by the three Shenzhou-20 astronauts Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie, who had stayed on the space station for the past six months. Two Inner Mongolia-born astronauts, Wu Fei and Wang Jie, also met in space. Later, the six crew members took a group photo to report their safety to the nation. This event marks the 7th space meeting in the history of China’s manned space program. The two crews will work and live together for five days, and then the new crew will start their six-month stay on the Tiangong Space Station to carry out some space scientific experiments as well as spacewalks. For the first time, this mission carries four laboratory mice to do scientific research on weightlessness. This successful launch shows China’s advancing space technology and lays a foundation (基础) for future deep-space exploration. —Adapted from online media content on November 5th 1．When did Shenzhou-21 dock with the Tianhe core module? 2．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 2 refer to? 3．What is the importance of the successful launch of Shenzhou-21 manned spacecraft according to Paragraph 3? 4．What are your feelings after reading the news? 六、书面表达 Passage A (25-26九上·北京昌平区·期末) 假设你是李华。学校英语社团公众号打算做一期以“Space Exploration”为主题的推送，请用英语给公众号投稿，分享人类探索宇宙的宏伟画卷中，深深触动你心弦的一个瞬间、一张照片或一个故事，谈谈你最初的感受，并谈谈它如何促使你在学习或生活中迈出新的一步。提示词语：learn, important, curious, try, new 内容提示： •What moment, image, or story from space exploration moved you? •Describe it and share what you felt at that time. •Tell us one new thing you’ve tried in your learning or life because of that. Something from space exploration once moved me deeply. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Passage B (25-26九·福建厦门外国语学校海沧附属学校·) 假如你是学校英语报小记者李华，学校开展了“School Space Day”活动，请你根据下面的海报写一篇报道，介绍活动情况以及同学们的感受。词数80左右。 Our School Space Day Date: March 24th Place: in the school hall Activities: try on space suits (太空服); watch some videos; make rocket models Feelings: … 注意事项： 1．必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2．意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范； 3．请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名和地名。 Our School Space Day Our school Space Day was a great success. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 23 学科网（北京）股份1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 抢分09 宇宙与航天（热点时文） 热点导读 热点集训 题型 篇目 文章大意 阅读 理解 Passage A 介绍中国计划在月球建造“太空农场”，通过特殊机器建造植物生长室，种植土豆和草莓，并回顾2019年棉花实验的改进经验。 Passage B 介绍中国太空实验小鼠的升空、命名、返航与科研价值，展示中国航天科普与太空生物研究进展。 Passage C 介绍中国首次在重庆洞穴开展的航天员训练项目，说明选择洞穴训练的原因、挑战及与欧洲训练的区别。 Passage D 讲述2026年元宵节与罕见“红月亮”（月全食）相遇的特别夜晚，以及人们的节日庆祝活动。 阅读还原 Passage A 介绍中国登月服“望宇”的命名由来、设计特点、文化寓意及防护功能。 Passage B 概述人类探索太空的历程，重点介绍中国在载人航天、空间站建设及火星探测方面取得的成就。 Passage C 科普重力的作用及其在不同天体（地球、木星、月球、土星）上的差异，强调重力对维持宇宙秩序的重要性。 完形填空 Passage A 设想未来人类乘坐太空船前往月球旅行的场景，介绍旅途时间、月球环境及重力特点。 Passage B 介绍中国在空间站进行太空种植的研究，包括失重、光照等挑战及已取得的成果，说明太空农业的意义。 短文填空 Passage A 介绍中国“天宫课堂”第四课的授课内容、实验展示及对青少年的教育与激励作用。 Passage B 报道2026年中国载人月球探测工程关键飞行测试成功，说明其对未来研制和年轻一代的意义。 Passage C 介绍火星在太阳系中的位置、大小、温度、外观特征及重力等基本信息。 阅读表达 Passage A 报道神舟二十一号载人飞船与天和核心舱成功对接、航天员进驻天宫空间站及任务意义。 书面表达 Passage A 要求分享太空探索中触动心弦的瞬间或故事，并谈及其如何促使自己在学习或生活中尝试新事物。 Passage B 要求根据海报写一篇关于“学校太空日”活动的报道，介绍活动内容及同学们的感受。 一、阅读理解 Passage A (25-26九下·湖南衡阳·期中) China is building a “Space Farm” on the moon! Scientists plan to send special machines to the moon at the end of 2026. These machines will build a small room for plants. The room will have special lights and water systems. Why do we need a farm on the moon? When astronauts go to the moon, they need food. If they can grow food there, they can stay longer. It will also help us get ready for trips to Mars. The first plants on the moon will be potatoes and strawberries. Scientists chose them because they grow fast. The potatoes will be in small boxes with special soil. The strawberries will grow under pink LED lights. In 2019, Chinese scientists grew cotton on the moon for the first time. But the plants died because it was too cold. This time, the room will be warmer. A scientist says, “We learned from our mistakes. Now we are ready to try again.” Many students in China are excited about the space farm. A 14-year-old girl from Yunnan said, “I want to grow strawberries on the moon one day!” Maybe one day, her dream will come true. 1．What will China send to the moon at the end of 2026? A．Astronauts. B．Animals. C．Building machines. 2．Why do scientists choose potatoes and strawberries? A．They are cheap. B．They grow fast. C．They are delicious. 3．What happened in 2019? A．Potatoes grew well on the moon. B．Cotton grew but then died. C．Strawberries grew on Mars. 4．How does the new moon farm keep plants warm? A．By using heaters. B．By using sunlight. C．By using a special room. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国计划在月球上建造“太空农场”，通过发送特殊机器建造植物生长室，并选择土豆和草莓作为首批种植的植物，同时回顾了2019年的棉花种植实验及改进措施。 1．根据第一段“Scientists plan to send special machines to the moon at the end of 2026.” 这直接说明将发送“special machines”，即“Building machines”。 2．根据第三段“Scientists chose them because they grow fast.” 这直接说明选择它们是因为生长速度快。 3．根据第四段“In 2019, Chinese scientists grew cotton on the moon for the first time. But the plants died because it was too cold.” 说明棉花生长了但后来死亡。 4．根据第四段“This time, the room will be warmer.” 以及第一段提到“These machines will build a small room for plants.” 结合两处信息，可知是通过建造一个（更温暖的）房间来保持植物温暖。 Passage B (2026·辽宁沈阳·一模改编) A research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) announced (宣布) the names of the four mice that returned from China’s space station on November 14th, 2025. The mice have been named Wangtian, Lanyue, Zhuiyun and Zhumeng. Besides the announcement, the team also published cute cartoon images (形象) of the mice. On October 31st, 2025, the four mice—numbered 6,98,154 and 186—were chosen from 48 candidates (候选者), and on the same day they travelled to space on China’s Shenzhou ⅩⅩⅠ spaceship with taikonauts. These mice stayed in a special home made for them in space. While they were in space, Xinhua News invited the public to give names for the mice. The names now in use were the most popular ones that people voted for online. The mice safely returned to Earth with the Shenzhou ⅩⅩⅠ crew (全体人员) on November 14th. “After the mice came back from space, we started studying them,” said Li Tianda, an animal expert of the CAS. “We want to learn how living in space changes animals’ bodies and the way they act. We’re especially interested in how they deal with stress and get used to new environments.” The name announcement is part of a public science event about “flying mice”. This event enables visitors to see real science experiments from China’s space program and learn how scientists study animals in space. 1．Which mouse’s name has the meaning of “looking at the sky”? A．Wangtian. B．Lanyue. C．Zhuiyun. 2．Who does the underlined word “taikonauts” refer to? A．The team numbers. B．The space travellers. C．The Chinese astronauts. 3．How long did the mice stay in space? A．Almost a week. B．Ten days. C．About half a month. 4．Why did the experts study the four mice? A．To publish their cartoon images. B．To learn how they lived in space. C．To collect popular names online. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了中国太空实验小鼠的升空、命名、返航与科研价值，展示中国航天科普与太空生物研究进展。 1．第一段“The mice have been named Wangtian, Lanyue, Zhuiyun and Zhumeng.”中Wangtian=look at the sky。 2．第二段“On October 31st, 2025, the four mice—numbered 6, 98, 154 and 186—were chosen from 48 candidates, and on the same day they travelled to space on China’s Shenzhou ⅩⅩⅠ spaceship with taikonauts.”说明老鼠和航天员一起进入了太空，taikonauts特指中国宇航员。 3．第二段“On October 31st, 2025, the four mice—numbered 6, 98, 154 and 186—were chosen from 48 candidates, and on the same day they travelled to space on China’s Shenzhou ⅩⅩⅠ spaceship with taikonauts.”及第一段“A research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) announced the names of the four mice that returned from China’s space station on November 14th, 2025.”说明出发的时间是10月31日，回来的时间是11月14日，间隔时间为14天，约半个月。 4．倒数第二段“We want to learn how living in space changes animals’ bodies and the way they act.”说明是想要了解太空环境对动物身体、行为、适应能力的影响。 Passage C (2026·辽宁大连·一模改编) ①To fly high into space, Chinese astronauts are practicing their skills by going underground. ②This past winter, a cave in the mountains of Wulong district, Chongqing, held China’s first astronaut cave-training program, reported Xinhua. The astronauts were put into four groups. Each group stayed in the cave for six days and five nights, working on tasks like scientific research and life support. ③Caves are similar to space in many ways. For example, astronauts are cut off from the outside world and have little room to move. These conditions can be copied at usual training grounds, but a natural cave offers the best experience, said Beijing Daily. ④Cold (only about 8℃) and wet, the cave is full of narrow passages (通道) and steep (陡峭的) walls. With falling stones and the risk of getting lost, astronauts face sudden physical dangers, which train them to stay calm and think fast. ⑤The training also makes astronauts stronger in mind. Jiang Yuan, who helped train the astronauts, shared the stress she felt when she tried the program herself. “The biggest challenge for me was the darkness,” Jiang told Xinhua. “My movements slowed and my memory got fuzzy—once I checked the rope three times but I still couldn’t remember if I had already tied it.” Astronaut Zhu Yangzhu pointed out the strange silence, just like in space. “We could hear our own heartbeat and breath,” he told CGTN. ⑥The European Space Agency (ESA) began developing cave training in 2005. “Compared to the European training, our support team got in the way as little as possible,” Ye Guangfu, one of the astronauts in the Chongqing program, told Xinhua. “This lets astronauts trust themselves and solve problems on their own.” 1．What’s Paragraph ③ mainly about? A．Differences between caves and space. B．Challenges of the cave training. C．Reasons for choosing caves for training. 2．What does the underlined word “fuzzy” mean in English? A．Unclear. B．Strong. C．Quick. 3．Compared to the European training, China’s cave training ________. A．has a much longer history B．depends less on the support team C．offers better working conditions 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Finding fun in natural caves B．China’s first space-training program C．Cave training for flying high 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了中国首次在重庆武隆洞穴开展的航天员训练项目、训练原因、训练挑战及与欧洲训练的区别。 1．文章第三段第一句“Caves are similar to space in many ways.”指出洞穴与太空有许多相似之处，第二句举例说明训练中与世隔绝、空间狭小等条件可以通过常规训练场地复制，但天然洞穴能提供最佳体验，因此本段主要解释选择洞穴进行训练的原因。 2．文章第五段第四句“My movements slowed and my memory got fuzzy—once I checked the rope three times but I still couldn’t remember if I had already tied it.”指出，江媛提到黑暗中动作变慢、记不清是否已经系好绳子，说明记忆变得“模糊不清”，fuzzy的意思是“模糊的、不清楚的”。 3．文章第六段第二句“Compared to the European training, our support team got in the way as little as possible”指出，与欧洲训练相比，中国的洞穴训练更少依赖保障团队。 4．文章第一段“To fly high into space, Chinese astronauts are practicing their skills by going underground.”点明主旨，全文围绕为飞天而进行的洞穴训练展开，最佳标题是“Cave training for flying high”。 Passage D (25-26九下·辽宁锦州·开学考改编) On March 3rd, 2026, Chinese people celebrated the Lantern Festival with a big surprise— the rare “red moon”. As one of the most important traditional festivals in China, it became even more special this year because of the total lunar eclipse (月全食) . This amazing natural scene only happens once every 46 years, so people of all ages felt excited about it. During the eclipse, the moon looks red and bright. The most fantastic moment came at 19: 33. The moon turned into a beautiful red ball, shining brightly in the dark sky. The moon is the most special and beautiful in the sky. Under the clear weather, people across the country looked up and admired the red moon with their own eyes. They don’t need any special tools to enjoy this fantastic natural show. Many families went outside to look at the sky together. They sat outside, chatting and watching the sky together. It was a perfect time for us to feel the warmth of family and the magic of nature. The Lantern Festival is a traditional Chinese festival with a long history. Like every year, people enjoyed traditional festival activities too. Colorful lanterns lit up the streets, parks and homes. People tasted sweet rice dumplings and shared the delicious food with their loved ones. This special night mixed the joy of the Lantern Festival with the wonder of the red moon. It left everyone with a sweet memory of love and happiness. This special day brings people closer and makes the whole night full of love and fun. Everyone can enjoy themselves on this unforgettable and meaningful night. 1．When did the Lantern Festival with the red moon take place? A．On March 3rd, 2025. B．On March 3rd, 2026. C．On January 15th, 2026. 2．How often does the amazing red moon scene happen? A．Once every 10 years. B．Once every 26 years. C．Once every 46 years. 3．What can we learn according to the passage? A．People needed special tools to watch the red moon. B．The red moon reached its most fantastic moment at 19: 33. C．The red moon appeared with the Lantern Festival every year. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The unforgettable night when the Lantern Festival met the red moon. B．The introduction of the total lunar eclipse (red moon) . C．How to celebrate the Lantern Festival in China. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文讲述了2026年3月3日元宵节与罕见“红月亮”（月全食）相遇的特别夜晚，介绍了红月亮的景象、观测情况，以及人们在节日里的庆祝活动。 1．文中提到“On March 3rd, 2026, Chinese people celebrated the Lantern Festival with a big surprise—the rare ‘red moon’”，直接说明带有红月亮的元宵节发生在2026年3月3日。 2．文中提到“This amazing natural scene only happens once every 46 years”，说明红月亮这一景象每46年出现一次。 3．文中提到“The most fantastic moment came at 19: 33”，说明红月亮最精彩的时刻在19:33。 4．文章围绕元宵节与红月亮相遇的难忘夜晚展开，既介绍了红月亮，也提及节日活动，核心主旨是这个特别的夜晚。 二、阅读还原 Passage A (英语一模提分卷·海南专用改编) China plans to carry out its first manned task (任务) to the moon around the year of 2030. To make the plan go well, it makes a new moon-landing spacesuit called “Wangyu” (望宇). 1 The new spacesuit appeared for the first time at the third Spacesuit Technology Meeting in Chongqing. 2 The red stripes on the arms are like ribbons from the famous “fei tian” of Dunhuang art, while those on the legs are like rocket fires. 3 There is no air on the moon and it’s either very hot or cold. 4 It has a control panel (面板), as well as cameras for recording (记录) what astronauts will see on the moon. So astronauts will be able to walk, climb, drive and carry out scientific tasks on the moon. The spacesuit is very light. Yang Yuguang, a space transportation expert, said, “ 5 So, we must make the spacesuit as light as possible to cut down their physical burden (负担).” A．It’s white suit with red stripes (条纹) on it. B．The design (设计) of the spacesuit brings traditional art and the spirit of Chinese people together. C．The name comes from more than 9,000 choices by the public. D．Astronauts will wear spacesuits all the time when finishing tasks on the moon. E．So the spacesuit is made to protect astronauts from the moon’s terrible environment. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．E 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国计划在2030年左右实施首次载人登月任务，为此研发了一款名为“望宇”的新型登月宇航服，并详细描述了宇航服的设计特点、功能以及其背后的文化意义。 1．根据前文“To make the plan go well, it makes a new moon-landing spacesuit called ‘Wangyu’ (望宇).”可知，此处是在介绍“望宇”宇航服名字的由来，选项C“这个名字来自公众的9000多个选择。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据后文“The red stripes on the arms are like ribbons from the famous ‘fei tian’ of Dunhuang art, while those on the legs are like rocket fires.”可知，此处是在描述宇航服的设计融合了传统艺术和中国人的精神，选项F“宇航服的设计将传统艺术和中国人民的精神结合在一起。”符合语境。故选B。 3．根据前文“The red stripes on the arms are like ribbons from the famous ‘fei tian’ of Dunhuang art, while those on the legs are like rocket fires.”可知，此处是在描述宇航服的颜色和条纹，选项A“它是一件白色宇航服，上面有红色条纹。”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据前文“There is no air on the moon and it’s either very hot or cold.”可知，此处是在描述月球环境恶劣，宇航服需要保护宇航员免受这种恶劣环境的影响，选项E“所以宇航服是为了保护宇航员免受月球恶劣环境的影响而制造的。”符合语境。 故选E。 5．根据前文“The spacesuit is very light. Yang Yuguang, a space transportation expert, said”以及后文“So, we must make the spacesuit as light as possible to cut down their physical burden (负担).”可知，此处是在说明宇航员在月球上执行任务时需要一直穿着宇航服，因此宇航服需要尽可能轻便以减轻他们的身体负担，选项D“宇航员在月球上完成任务时将一直穿着宇航服。”符合语境。故选D。 Passage B (25九上·山西太原·二模改编) “Are we alone? What’s out there?” People have always looked up at the stars and wondered about the space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt traveling into space was only a dream. 1 After many tests, they succeeded in making rockets that could overcome Earth’s gravity (重力). Ever since then, human’s exploration (探索) to space has started. 2 China’s space program started late in the last century, but it has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003. 3 It is large enough to allow astronauts to carry out many important scientific studies. More recently, Shenzhou-20 manned spaceship was successfully sent into space on April 24th, 2025. Besides the exploration near the earth, many countries are doing some research on other planets. For example, on July 23rd, 2020, China sent Tianwen-1 to explore (探索) the surface of Mars. Planets like Mars might be safe enough for humans to live on. 4 There is still a long way for humans to go to explore space. If you are interested in space walking, go for your dream. 5 Maybe you will become one of the engineers who work on China’s space exploration. A．China has never stopped its steps exploring the space. B．This shows that exploring other planets could help find humanity’s future homes. C．It certainly requires a lot of hard work and a strong will. D．However, scientists made up their mind to make it come true. E．In 2022, China completely set up its own space station Tiangong. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．E 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了人类对太空的探索历程以及中国在太空探索方面取得的成就，还提及了对其他行星的探索及未来展望。 1．根据“Before the mid-20th century, most people felt traveling into space was only a dream.…Ever since then, human’s exploration (探索) to space has started.”可知，此处应是转折，说明虽然人们觉得太空旅行是梦想，但科学家有决心让它实现，选项D“然而，科学家们下定决心要让它成为现实。”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据“China’s space program started late in the last century, but it has made great progress in a short time.”可知，此处应是说中国在太空探索方面从未停止脚步，选项A“中国从未停止探索太空的步伐。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“It is large enough to allow astronauts to carry out many important scientific studies.”可知，此处应是说中国建立了自己的空间站，选项E“2022年，中国完全建立了自己的空间站天宫。”符合语境。故选E。 4．根据“Planets like Mars might be safe enough for humans to live on.”可知，此处应是说探索其他行星对人类未来找到家园的帮助，选项F“这表明探索其他行星可能有助于找到人类未来的家园。”符合语境。故选F。 5．根据“If you are interested in space walking, go for your dream.”以及“Maybe you will become one of the engineers who work on China’s space exploration.”可知，此处应是说实现太空梦想需要付出的努力，选项C“这当然需要大量的努力和坚强的意志。”符合语境。故选C。 Passage C (2026九年级·吉林·专题练习改编) Gravity (重力) is the force that keeps our feet on the ground. When kids jump up to catch a ball, gravity is what brings them back down. And what if there was no gravity? 1 This force isn’t the same everywhere. 2 Here on Earth, gravity is just right for us. But it’s different on other planets and moons. Some have more gravity, and some have less. For example, Jupiter (木星) is the biggest planet in our solar system, so it has a lot of gravity. If we went to Jupiter, we’d feel super heavy. Throwing a ball would be difficult — it wouldn’t go far because the strong gravity would pull it down quickly. Now let’s talk about the Moon. It’s much smaller than Earth, so it has less gravity. If you weighed 60 pounds on Earth, you would only weigh about 10 pounds on the Moon. 3 Playing basketball would be a whole new game. 4 If you stood on Saturn (土星), you’d weigh more than you do on Earth. Just lifting your arms might feel like a workout. But think about going skating there. You’d skate down hills crazily fast because the strong gravity would pull you down harder. In short, gravity is what makes sure that anything that goes up must come down. It’s a cool part of our universe that helps keep everything in place, from the smallest dirt to the biggest star. 5 It makes sure our world stays just as it should. A．With less gravity, we could jump much higher on the Moon. B．We would fly into outer space. C．Even though we can’t see it, gravity is working all the time. D．It changes depending on where you are. E．And then there’s Saturn, another giant planet. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，围绕“重力”展开，介绍了重力的作用、重力在不同天体上的差异，以及重力对维持宇宙秩序的重要性。 1．根据“And what if there was no gravity?”可知，此处是设想没有重力的后果。选项B“我们会飞入外太空。”能承接上文，说明失去重力的极端结果，符合语境。 故选B。 2．根据“This force isn’t the same everywhere.”以及后文对地球、木星、月球重力的对比可知，此处是说明重力会随位置变化。选项D“它会根据你所在的位置而变化。”能承接上文，引出不同天体的重力差异，符合语境。 故选D。 3．根据“If you weighed 60 pounds on Earth,you would only weigh about 10 pounds on the Moon.”以及“Playing basketball would be a whole new game.”可知，此处是说明月球低重力带来的影响。选项A“在更低的重力下，我们在月球上能跳得更高。”能承接上文，解释篮球会变成全新运动的原因，符合语境。 故选A。 4．根据“If you stood on Saturn,you’d weigh more than you do on Earth.”可知，此处是过渡到土星的重力介绍。选项E“然后还有土星，另一颗巨大的行星。”能承接上文，开启对土星重力的描述，符合语境。 故选E。 5． 根据“It’s a cool part of our universe that helps keep everything in place, from the smallest dirt to the biggest star.”以及“It makes sure our world stays just as it should.”可知，此处是总结重力的持续作用。选项C“即使我们看不见它，重力也一直在起作用。”符合语境。 故选C。 三、完形填空 Passage A (天津河西·一模改编) Believe it or not, the day when you can go to the moon is coming soon. You can go into space 1 space shuttle (太空船). It 2 about three days for the shuttle to go from the earth to the moon. The shuttle flies a long way to a space station. You can stay there for a short rest and then it will 3 you to the moon. Now you can jump out of the shuttle. But you mustn’t take off your spacesuit (太空服), because it is very hot in the daytime and very cold at night on the 4 . The moon is much smaller than the earth. Things are 5 on the moon than they are on the earth. You can jump high every time you take a step. You will find that it is never tiring to walk on the moon. You don’t need to take an umbrella or a raincoat with you 6 there is no rain on the moon. You can hear 7 because there is no air on the moon. And there are no animals or other living things there.     The moon moves more 8 than the earth, so one day on the moon is as long as two weeks on the earth and one night is just as long as two weeks on the earth. What could you do in 9 long days and nights and in a silent world? Now 10 are trying to make the best of the moon. But our earth is really a far better place to live, as long as we take good care of it. 1．A．by B．under C．for 2．A．spends B．costs C．takes 3．A．join B．carry C．count 4．A．moon B．shuttle C．earth 5．A．light B．heavy C．lighter 6．A．because B．when C．if 7．A．something B．nothing C．everything 8．A．slow B．fast C．slowly 9．A．so B．such C．very 10．A．teachers B．scientists C．things 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了人们不久将可以去月球上旅行，并介绍乘坐的交通工具，需要的时间以及月球上的时间与地球上的差异。 1．句意：你可以乘坐太空船进入太空。by通过；under在……下面；for为了。by+交通工具，表示“乘坐……”，故选A。 2．句意：太空船从地球到月球大约需要三天的时间。spends花费；costs花费；takes需要。It takes some time for sb to do sth表示“某人做某事需要一些时间”，故选C。 3．句意：你可以在那里休息一会儿，然后它会带你去月球。join加入；carry携带；count数数。carry sb to表示“把某人带到……”，故选B。 4．句意：但是你不能脱下你的太空服，因为在月球上白天很热，晚上很冷。moon月球；shuttle航天飞机；earth地球。根据前文的“You can stay there for a short rest and then it will ...you to the moon.”可知，此处表示在月球上，故选A。 5．句意：月球上的东西比地球上的要轻。light轻的；heavy重的；lighter更轻的。根据后文的“You can jump high every time you take a step.”可知，你在月球上每走一步，都跳很高，因此表示在月球上，东西更轻，根据“than”可知，此处用比较级，故选C。 6．句意：你不需要带雨伞或雨衣，因为月球上没有雨。because因为；when何时；if如果。结合句意，前一句表示你不需要带雨伞或雨衣，后一句表示月球上没有雨，前后表示因果关系，后一句是前一句的原因，因此用连词because，故选A。 7．句意：因为月球上没有空气，你什么也听不到。something某事；nothing没什么；everything一切。根据“because there is no air on the moon.”可知，因为月球上没有空气，声音无法传播，所以你听不到声音，故选B。 8．句意：月球比地球运行得慢，所以月球上的一天相当于地球上的两个星期，而一个晚上也相当于地球上的两个星期。  slow慢的，是形容词；fast快的，是形容词和副词；slowly慢地，是副词。根据“so one day on the moon is as long as two weeks on the earth”可知，月球上一天相当于地球上的两周，因此月球运行得慢，修饰动词move，用副词，故选C。 9．句意：在这漫长的白天和黑夜里，在这寂静的世界里，你能做些什么呢？so如此，是副词；such这样的，是形容词；very非常，是副词。修饰名词days and nights，用形容词，故选B。 10．句意：现在学科家正在努力充分利用地球。teachers教师；scientists科学家；things事情。根据“are trying to make the best of the moon.”可知，要努力充分利用月球的人，应是科学家，故选B。 Passage B (25-26九年级下·安徽铜陵·月考改编) When we mention space, we usually think of rockets and stars. But now, Chinese scientists are thinking about building gardens in the air. For future long trips to Mars, astronauts cannot bring all the food from 1 . It costs too much money and the spaceship has limited (有限的) room. This is a serious 2 . So, before we go further into the universe, we must learn to 3 vegetables in the space station. However, space gardening is not easy. The biggest challenge is gravity (重力). On the ground, water goes down into the soil. But in space, water floats (漂浮) 4 like small balls. If astronauts are not careful, the water might damage (损坏) the machines. Light is another matter. In space, the sun rises and sets many times a day. To 5 this, scientists use special LED lights. These lights create a “sun” for the plants to ensure they get enough light. China has done a good job in this field. Astronauts on the Tiangong Space Station have successfully grown and eaten 6 lettuce and tomatoes. They said the vegetables tasted delicious. Besides providing food, plants also provide clean 7 for astronauts to breathe. What’s more, looking at green leaves makes them feel 8 and less lonely. It reminds them of their beautiful home. Space farming is 9 for humans to explore the universe. It serves as a symbol of 10 in the cold, dark sky. It shows that life can continue anywhere. 1．A．Earth B．rush C．sand 2．A．chance B．choice C．problem 3．A．find B．carry C．grow 4．A．anywhere B．everywhere C．somewhere 5．A．deal with B．agree with C．connect with 6．A．fresh B．expensive C．dry 7．A．space B．wind C．air 8．A．nervous B．relaxed C．tired 9．A．possible B．necessary C．responsible 10．A．hope B．power C．peace 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国科学家在空间站进行太空种植的研究，包括面临的挑战、已取得的成果以及太空种植的意义。 1．句意：对于未来前往火星的长途旅行，宇航员无法从地球携带所有食物。此处指从地球前往火星的长途旅行，所以携带的食物也应来自地球，应填Earth“地球”。 2．句意：这是一个严重的问题。前文提到“运粮花费高、飞船空间有限”，说明这是一个严重的问题，problem“问题”符合语境。 3．句意：所以，在我们进一步探索宇宙之前，我们必须学会在空间站里种植蔬菜。既然不能带足够食物，就需要学会在空间站自己种植蔬菜，grow vegetables意为“种植蔬菜”，符合文章主题“space gardening”。 4．句意：但在太空中，水会像小球一样到处漂浮。太空失重，水会像小球一样到处漂浮，everywhere表示“处处、到处”，符合失重场景的描述。anywhere“无论何处”多用于否定和疑问句，somewhere“某个地方”、nowhere“无处”不符合句意。 5．句意：为了处理这个问题，科学家使用特殊的LED灯。前文提到光照是另一个问题，此处介绍解决方法，deal with意为“处理、应对”，符合语境。 6．句意：天宫空间站上的宇航员已经成功种植并吃到了新鲜的生菜和西红柿。根据上下文，宇航员在空间站种植蔬菜并食用，且下文说“The vegetables tasted delicious.”，因此应是新鲜的生菜和西红柿，fresh“新鲜的”符合语境。 7．句意：除了提供食物，植物还为宇航员提供清洁的空气供其呼吸。供宇航员呼吸用的指的应是空气，air“空气”符合语境。 8．句意：此外，看着绿色的叶子让他们感到放松，不那么孤独。空格处与“less lonely”并列，描述绿色植物对人的积极作用，relaxed“放松的”符合语境。 9．句意：太空农业对于人类探索宇宙是必要的。为了长途太空旅行，人类必须学会在太空种植食物，因此太空农业是必要的，necessary“必要的”符合语境。 10．句意：在寒冷、黑暗的天空中，它象征着希望。后文提到“它证明生命可以在任何地方延续”，这说明太空农业象征着希望，hope“希望”符合语境。 四、短文填空 Passage A (25-26九年级下·四川自贡·期中) China’s space classroom has become very popular among students. On October 12th, the astronauts of Shenzhou held the 1 (four) space classroom session. Thousands of students from all over the country watched the live broadcast. In the space classroom, astronauts showed students how to do experiments in space. They showed the influence of 2 (weight/weightless), plants and even small animals. The experiments were so interesting that students 3 (excite) asked many questions. Astronauts also shared 4 (they) daily life in space. They talked about how they sleep, eat and exercise. To keep healthy, astronauts exercise for two hours every day. They use special exercise equipment 5 (prevent) muscle loss. The space classroom is not only 6 (educate) but also inspiring. It helps students learn science knowledge in a fun way 7 encourages them to achieve their dreams of exploring space. Many students say that they want to be astronauts or scientists when they grow up. Since 2013, China 8 (hold) several space classroom classes. Each class has different themes and experiments. The next class is planned to be held next year, and it will focus on space agriculture. The space classroom connects students on Earth 9 the mysterious space. It opens a window for young people to explore the universe and helps them develop 10 interest in science. 【答案】 1．fourth 2．weight/weightlessness 3．excitedly 4．their 5．to prevent 6．educational 7．and 8．has held 9．with 10．an 【导语】本文介绍了中国 “天宫课堂” 的相关情况，讲述了太空授课的内容、意义与发展，展现了中国航天科普教育的成果。 1．句意：10 月 12 日，神舟飞船的航天员们开展了第四场太空授课活动。空后为名词短语“space classroom session”，结合空前的定冠词the，需用序数词表示 “第四”。应填fourth。 2．句意：他们展示了重量/失重对植物甚至小动物的影响。空前为介词of，后需接名词作宾语，结合太空授课的背景，核心考点是 “失重” 或 “重量”。应填weight意为“重量”或weightlessness意为“失重”，二者均为名词，可作of的宾语。应填weight/weightlessness。 3．句意：这些实验非常有趣，学生们兴奋地提出了很多问题。空后为动词asked，需用副词修饰动词，应填excitedly。 4．句意：航天员们还分享了他们的太空日常生活。空后为名词短语daily life，需用形容词性物主代词修饰，应填their，是they的形容词性物主代词。 5．句意：他们使用特殊的健身设备来预防肌肉流失。句子已有谓语use，此处需用非谓语动词表示目的。应填to prevent，动词不定式作目的状语。 6．句意；太空课堂不仅有教育意义，而且鼓舞人心。not only...but also...是连接并列结构，空后为形容词inspiring，因此此处也需用形容词。应填educational。 7．句意：它以有趣的方式帮助学生学习科学知识，并鼓励他们实现探索太空的梦想。前后两个分句均为太空课堂的积极作用，是并列关系。应填连词and。 8．句意：自 2013 年以来，中国已经举办了多场太空授课活动。时间状语“Since 2013”是现在完成时的标志，主语China为第三人称单数。应填has held。 9．句意：太空课堂将地球上的学生与神秘的太空连接起来。固定搭配connect...with...，意为 “把⋯⋯和⋯⋯连接起来”，应填with。 10．句意：它为年轻人打开了探索宇宙的窗口，帮助他们培养对科学的兴趣。空后为名词interest，且该词以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词表示 “一种兴趣”，应填an。 Passage B (25-26九年级下·江苏南通·月考) China has made great progress in space exploration. The dream of sending Chinese astronauts to the moon is getting 1 (far) away from just a dream—it is becoming reality. On February 11,2026, China successfully performed a key flight test for its manned lunar exploration program at the Wenchang Space Launch Site. When facing the 2 (possible) of danger at the moment of greatest pressure on the rocket, the escape system worked without any problem. The return capsule (返回舱) separated from the rocket as planned. After about 470 seconds, both the first stage of the rocket and the return capsule 3 (fall) into the sea safely in the planned area. This test marked the first flight of the Long March-10 in its prototype form (原型状态). Astronauts 4 (choose) carefully for such important missions. This success helps with the 5 (develop) of future flight models. If any part of the system 6 (fail), the result will be dangerous, but this time everything worked as it should. The interest in space among young people is growing. More students are learning about science and hoping to become astronauts. Space exploration also helps us understand how to protect our 7 (pollute) Earth better. 8 (day) efforts of the scientists and engineers made this success a reality. Their hard work is often 9 (know) to the public, but it is truly valuable. The goal is 10 (serve) the country’s dream of exploring space and to inspire future generations. This important success brings China closer to its goal of sending astronauts to the moon before 2030. The journey continues, and the future is full of hope. 【答案】 1．further 2．possibility 3．fell 4．are chosen 5．development 6．fails 7．polluted 8．Daily 9．unknown 10．to serve 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了2026年2月11日中国载人月球探测工程的关键飞行测试取得成功，以及此次成功对中国航天事业的意义。 1．句意：将中国宇航员送上月球的梦想正在变得越来越不像一个梦想——它正在成为现实。根据句意，此处表达更远，“getting”后接比较级，表示“越来越远”，此处为抽象意义，故填further。 2．句意：当在火箭压力最大的时刻面临可能的危险时，逃逸系统毫无问题地工作了。“the”后接名词，possible的名词形式为possibility，表示“可能性”。 3．句意：大约470秒后，火箭的一级和返回舱都按计划安全落入海中。描述过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时，fall的过去式为fell。 4．句意：对于如此重要的任务，宇航员会被仔细挑选。主语“Astronauts”与choose之间为被动关系，且描述一般事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are chosen。 5．句意：这一成功有助于未来飞行型号的研制。“the”后接名词，develop的名词形式为development，表示“发展、研制”。 6．句意：如果系统的任何一部分出现故障，结果将是危险的，但这次一切正常。条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，主语“any part”为单数，故填fails。 7．句意：太空探索也帮助我们更好地了解如何保护我们被污染的地球。此处需用形容词修饰名词“Earth”，pollute的过去分词polluted作定语，表示“被污染的”，故填polluted。 8．句意：科学家和工程师们的日常努力使这一成功成为现实。此处需用形容词修饰名词“efforts”，day的形容词为daily，且位于句首首字母大写，故填Daily。 9．句意：他们的辛勤工作往往不为公众所知，但确实很有价值。根据句意，此处表达“不为人知”，know的否定形式是unknown，be unknown to表示“不为……所知”，故填unknown。 10．句意：目标是服务于国家探索太空的梦想，并激励后代。此处需用不定式作表语，与后面的“to inspire”并列，serve的不定式为to serve。 Passage C (26九下·河南濮阳·一模) reason  small  four  both  tell  planet  reach  low  surface  soil In the solar system, the Sun is in the center, and it is the only star in the solar system. As a star, the Sun has eight 1 around it, and Mars is one of them. Let me tell you more about it. Mars is 2 than the Earth. Its diameter is 53% as wide as that of the Earth, about 6,800 kilometers. It is the 3 planet from the Sun in our solar system and is named after Mars, the Roman god of war. Earth is about 150 million kilometers away from the Sun. As a neighbouring planet, Mars is about 228 million kilometers away from the Sun. This is the 4 that Mars is colder than Earth. The temperature on Mars is about -63℃ on average. The 5 temperature is -138℃, but the highest temperature is 28℃. It takes a spaceship about eight months to 6 Mars from Earth when the two planets are closest to each other. You can 7 which planet is Mars as it is bright red in the night sky. It looks like a red and orange ball because of its red 8 . It’s very beautiful. But during the spring and summer, there is a lot of ice 9 on and under the ground. The gravity (重力) on the 10 of Mars is about 40% as strong as it is on Earth. So a 90-kilogram person on Earth is only 36 kilos on Mars. Scientists are still searching for more information about Mars. 【答案】 1．planets 2．smaller 3．fourth 4．reason 5．lowest 6．reach 7．tell 8．soil 9．both 10．surface 【导语】本文介绍了火星在太阳系中的位置、大小、温度、外观特征及重力等基本信息，帮助读者了解这颗红色星球。 1．句意：作为一颗恒星，太阳周围有八颗行星，火星是其中之一。“eight...around it”表示“八颗行星”，需用名词复数形式作宾语。选项“planet”的复数“planets”符合语义，表示“行星”。 2．句意：火星比地球小。“Mars is...than the Earth”表示“火星比地球小”，根据“than”可知，需用形容词比较级作表语。选项“small”的比较级“smaller”符合语法，表示“更小”。 3．句意：它是太阳系中距离太阳第四近的行星。“the...planet from the Sun”表示“距离太阳第四近的行星”，需用序数词修饰名词。选项“four”的序数词“fourth”符合语法，表示“第四”。 4．句意：这就是火星比地球更冷的原因。“This is the...that Mars is colder than Earth”表示“这就是火星比地球更冷的原因”，需用名词作表语。选项“reason”符合语义，表示“原因”。 5．句意：最低温度是零下138摄氏度，最高温度是28摄氏度。“The...temperature is -138℃”表示“最低温度是零下138摄氏度”，需用形容词最高级修饰名词。选项“low”的最高级“lowest”符合语法，表示“最低的”。 6．句意：当两颗行星距离最近时，宇宙飞船从地球到达火星大约需要八个月。“to...Mars from Earth”表示“从地球到达火星”，需用动词原形构成不定式。选项“reach”符合语义，表示“到达”。 7．句意：你可以分辨出哪颗行星是火星，因为它在夜空中呈亮红色。“You can...which planet is Mars”表示“你可以分辨出哪颗行星是火星”，需用动词原形构成情态动词后的谓语。选项“tell”符合语义，表示“分辨、辨别”。 8．句意：因为它红色的土壤，它看起来像一个红橙色的球。“because of its red...”表示“因为它红色的土壤”，需用名词作宾语。选项“soil”符合语义，表示“土壤”。 9．句意：但在春夏季节，地表和地下都有大量的冰。“a lot of ice...on and under the ground”表示“地表和地下都有大量的冰”，选项“both”符合语义，构成“both...and...”结构，表示“既在地表又在地下”。 10．句意：火星表面的重力约为地球表面重力的40%。“the...of Mars”表示“火星表面”，需用名词作主语。选项“surface”符合语义，表示“表面”。 五、阅读表达 Passage A (25-26九上·内蒙古呼和浩特·期末) The Shenzhou-21 manned spacecraft docked (对接) successfully with the forward port (端口) of the Tianhe core module (核心舱) at 3:22 a.m. on November 1st. The whole docking process lasted about 3.5 hours, setting a new record for the fastest rendezvous and docking (交会对接) between a Shenzhou spacecraft and the space station. After the hatch (舱门) opened, the three astronauts, Zhang Lu, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang, entered the Tiangong Space Station. They were greeted and hugged by the three Shenzhou-20 astronauts Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie, who had stayed on the space station for the past six months. Two Inner Mongolia-born astronauts, Wu Fei and Wang Jie, also met in space. Later, the six crew members took a group photo to report their safety to the nation. This event marks the 7th space meeting in the history of China’s manned space program. The two crews will work and live together for five days, and then the new crew will start their six-month stay on the Tiangong Space Station to carry out some space scientific experiments as well as spacewalks. For the first time, this mission carries four laboratory mice to do scientific research on weightlessness. This successful launch shows China’s advancing space technology and lays a foundation (基础) for future deep-space exploration. —Adapted from online media content on November 5th 1．When did Shenzhou-21 dock with the Tianhe core module? 2．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 2 refer to? 3．What is the importance of the successful launch of Shenzhou-21 manned spacecraft according to Paragraph 3? 4．What are your feelings after reading the news? 【答案】1．Shenzhou-21 docked with the Tianhe core module at 3:22 a.m. on November 1st./At 3:22 a.m. on November 1st. 2．It refers to the three astronauts—Zhang Lu, Wu Fei andZhang Hongzhang./The three astronauts—Zhang Lu, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang. 3． It shows China’s advancing space technology and lays a foundation for future deep-space exploration. 1． I feel really proud of China’s space achievements. 【导语】本文主要讲述神舟二十一号载人飞船与天和核心舱成功对接，宇航员进驻天宫空间站，并介绍了此次任务的意义。 1．根据“The Shenzhou-21 manned spacecraft docked (对接) successfully with the forward port (端口) of the Tianhe core module (核心舱) at 3:22 a.m. on November 1st.”可知，对接时间为11月1日凌晨3:22。故填Shenzhou-21 docked with the Tianhe core module at 3:22 a.m. on November 1st./At 3:22 a.m. on November 1st. 2．根据“After the hatch (舱门) opened, the three astronauts, Zhang Lu, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang, entered the Tiangong Space Station. They were greeted and hugged by the three Shenzhou-20 astronauts Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie”可知，航天员张陆、武飞、张洪章进入天宫空间站，他们受到了神舟二十号乘组航天员的迎接与拥抱。因此“They”指代神舟二十一号的三名航天员——张陆、武飞、张洪章。故填It refers to the three astronauts—Zhang Lu, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang./The three astronauts—Zhang Lu, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang. 3．根据“This successful launch shows China’s advancing space technology and lays a foundation (基础) for future deep-space exploration.”可知， 此次发射任务圆满成功，展示了中国先进的航天技术，也为未来的深空探测奠定了基础。故填It shows China’s advancing space technology and lays a foundation for future deep-space exploration. 4．开放性试题，言之成理即可。参考答案为I feel really proud of China’s space achievements. 六、书面表达 Passage A (25-26九上·北京昌平区·期末) 假设你是李华。学校英语社团公众号打算做一期以“Space Exploration”为主题的推送，请用英语给公众号投稿，分享人类探索宇宙的宏伟画卷中，深深触动你心弦的一个瞬间、一张照片或一个故事，谈谈你最初的感受，并谈谈它如何促使你在学习或生活中迈出新的一步。提示词语：learn, important, curious, try, new 内容提示： •What moment, image, or story from space exploration moved you? •Describe it and share what you felt at that time. •Tell us one new thing you’ve tried in your learning or life because of that. Something from space exploration once moved me deeply. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Something from space exploration once moved me deeply. In the Tiangong class, astronauts did fun experiments in space, and seeing it all felt like discovering a whole new world—I could hardly believe my eyes. How amazing science can be! That moment inspired me to take an important step in my learning. I started trying something new: I now spend 15 minutes every day reading about space and other science news. This habit helps me learn beyond textbooks and stay curious. As a result, I’ve become more confident in exploring unknown topics. 【总体分析】①题材：这是一篇材料作文； ②时态：使用一般过去时和一般现在时； ③提示：围绕太空探索的瞬间、感受和新尝试展开。 【写作步骤】第一步：介绍触动瞬间； 第二步：描述瞬间并分享感受； 第三步：谈一个新尝试及其影响。 【亮点词汇】①experiment实验 ②amazing令人惊讶的 ③unknown未知的 【高分句型】①How amazing science can be!  (感叹句) ②As a result, I’ve become more confident in exploring unknown topics. (运用了比较级) Passage B (25-26九·福建厦门外国语学校海沧附属学校·) 假如你是学校英语报小记者李华，学校开展了“School Space Day”活动，请你根据下面的海报写一篇报道，介绍活动情况以及同学们的感受。词数80左右。 Our School Space Day Date: March 24th Place: in the school hall Activities: try on space suits (太空服); watch some videos; make rocket models Feelings: … 注意事项： 1．必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2．意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范； 3．请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名和地名。 Our School Space Day Our school Space Day was a great success. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Our School Space Day Our school Space Day was a great success. It was held on March 24th in the school hall. All the students took part in different kinds of activities. Some students tried on special space suits. Others watched wonderful videos about space. We also enjoyed making rocket models by ourselves. All of us had a wonderful time. We learned more about space science and felt very excited. We hope we can have more interesting activities like this in our school. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：新闻报道类记叙文，用一般过去时为主 明确要点：活动基本信息、活动内容、同学们的感受 确定人称：第三人称介绍活动，第一人称复数 (we) 表达学生感受 注意事项：词数80左右，不出现真实姓名、校名、地名。 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起句，概括活动圆满成功 主体段：依次介绍活动时间、地点，具体描述三项活动：试穿太空服、看太空视频、制作火箭模型 结尾段：总结同学们的感受，升华主题，表达对未来活动的期待 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：活动基本信息 时间表达：It was held on March 24th./Our school Space Day took place on March 24th./The event started at 9:00 am on March 24th.等 参与情况：All the students took part in different kinds of activities./Every student joined in the event with great interest./Students from every grade came to the school hall to take part.等 要点二：具体活动内容 活动项目：try on special space suits/watch wonderful videos about space/make rocket models by ourselves/draw colorful space pictures/visit a model space station/play a space game… 要点三：感受与期望 感受表达：All of us had a wonderful time./We felt very excited and proud./Everyone was amazed by the space science knowledge.等 收获表达：We learned more about space science./The activities helped us understand what astronauts do in space./We became more interested in space exploration.等 期望表达：We hope we can have more interesting activities like this in our school./We look forward to more science-themed events in the future./I believe everyone is hoping for another Space Day next year.等 2 / 23 学科网（北京）股份1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $