Unit 4 Space Exploration 单元词汇知识导学案-2025-2026学年高一下学期英语人教版必修第三册

新人教版必修三Unit 4 Space Exploration 单元词汇知识清单 1、 核心单词精讲 1. explore v. 探索；探究；考察 单词变形：过去式 / 过去分词 explored；现在分词 exploring 派生词：exploration n. 探索；探究 高考考点：explore space / possibilities / solutions 探索太空 / 可能性 / 解决方案 中英例句：Scientists around the world continue to explore deep space and search for signs of life beyond our solar system. 世界各地的科学家持续探索深空，并在太阳系之外寻找生命迹象。 练习：1. The __________(explore) of the universe has never stopped. 2. observe v. 观察；观测；遵守 单词变形：过去式 / 过去分词 observed；现在分词 observing； 派生词: observation n. 观察；观测 高考考点: observe sb doing sth 观察某人做某事; observe that… 观察到……;observe rules 遵守规则 中英例句：Astronomers observe the movement of planets carefully and record data that can help unlock cosmic mysteries. 天文学家仔细观测行星运行，并记录有助于解开宇宙奥秘的数据。 练习：2. When entering the room, he observed a man __________ by the window. A. stand B. standing C. stood D. to stand 3. astronaut n. [C] 宇航员；航天员 单词变形：复数 astronauts 中英例句：Every astronaut must receive strict training before they are allowed to take part in a real space mission. 每一位宇航员在获准参与真实太空任务前都必须接受严格训练。 练习：3. These ___________(宇航员) succeeded in returning to Earth. 4. gravity n. [U] 重力；地心引力 单词变形：派生词 gravitational adj. 重力的 高考考点：zero gravity 失重 Earth’s gravity 地球重力 中英例句：In the absence of gravity, astronauts must learn how to move, sleep, and work in a weightless environment. 在没有重力的情况下，宇航员必须学会在失重环境中移动、睡觉和工作。 练习：4. Astronauts must adapt to ___________ conditions in space. A. weight B. weightless C. weighted D. weighty 5. launch v. 发射；发起；上市 单词变形：过去式 / 过去分词 launched；现在分词 launching 高考考点：launch a rocket / satellite / spaceship 发射火箭 / 卫星 / 飞船 中英例句：China’s space program has launched many satellites that provide important services for weather and communication. 中国航天工程已发射多颗为气象和通信提供重要服务的卫星。 练习：5. The new spaceship __________(launch) recently. 6. orbit v./n. [C] 绕……运行；轨道 单词变形：过去式 / 过去分词 orbited；现在分词 orbiting 高考考点：orbit the Earth / in orbit 绕地球运行 / 在轨道上 中英例句：The space station orbits the Earth every 90 minutes and covers a huge distance at an amazing speed. 空间站每 90 分钟绕地球一圈，以惊人速度跨越极远距离。 练习：6. So far, the satellite __________ Mars for more than two years. A. orbits B. orbited C. has orbited D. had orbited 7. universe n. [sing.] 宇宙；世界 单词变形：派生词 universal adj. 普遍的 高考考点：the universe 宇宙 中英例句：We still know very little about the universe, even though our technology has developed very rapidly in recent years. 尽管近年来科技发展迅速，我们对宇宙的了解仍然非常有限。 练习：7. There are countless stars in __________ universe. 8. oxygen n. [U] 氧气 中英例句：A long space trip requires enough oxygen, water, and food to support the lives of everyone on the spaceship. 长途太空旅行需要充足的氧气、水和食物来维持飞船上所有人的生命。 练习：8. Humans cannot live without ___________(氧气). 9. vehicle n. [C] 交通工具；飞行器；车辆 单词变形：复数 vehicles 高考考点：space vehicle 太空飞行器；lunar vehicle 月球车 中英例句：Different types of space vehicles are designed to meet different needs, such as landing or exploring the moon. 不同类型的太空飞行器为满足不同需求而设计，例如登月或探月。 练习：9. Various __________(vehicle) are used in lunar missions. 10. determine v. 确定；决定；下定决心 单词变形：过去式 / 过去分词 determined；现在分词 determining 派生词：determination n. 决心 高考考点：be determined to do sth 有决心做某事; determine to do sth 有决心做某事 中英例句：She is determined to become a space scientist and devote all her energy to studying the stars and planets. 她决心成为一名航天科学家，并将全部精力投入到恒星与行星的研究中。 练习：10. She is determined __________ a space scientist. A. becoming B. to become C. become D. became 11. intelligent adj. 聪明的；有智慧的；智能的 单词变形：派生词 intelligence n. 智力 高考考点：artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能; intelligent life 智慧生命 中英例句: Scientists wonder whether there is intelligent life somewhere in the universe that can communicate with Earth. 科学家想知道宇宙中是否存在能与地球通信的智慧生命。 练习：11. This is a new type of ____________(intelligence) robot. 12. transmit v. 传输；发送；传播 单词变形：过去式 / 过去分词 transmitted；现在分词 transmitting； 派生词: transmission n. 传输 高考考点：transmit signals / data / information 传输信号 / 数据 / 信息 中英例句：The spaceship can transmit clear images and data back to the Earth station through advanced technology. 这艘飞船能通过先进技术向地球站传回清晰图像与数据。 练习：12. The system is used _________ data back to Earth. A. transmit B. to transmit C. transmitting D. transmitted 13. signal n. [C]/v. 信号；暗号；发信号 单词变形：复数signals 过去式/过去分词 signalled/signaled; 现在分词 signalling/signaling 高考考点：send / receive a signal 收发信号 中英例句：If the spaceship cannot send a strong signal, the ground center will have difficulty controlling its movement. 如果飞船无法发出强信号，地面中心将难以控制其运行。 练习：13. They failed __________(catch) the weak signal. 14. sufficient adj. 足够的；充足的；充分的 单词变形：insufficient adj.不充足的 派生词: sufficiently adv. 足够地; sufficiency n.充足；完备; insufficiency n.不足；缺乏 高考考点：self-sufficient adj.自给自足的; be sufficient to do sth 足够做某事 中英例句： Before launch, engineers must make sure that the craft carries sufficient supplies for the entire space journey. 发射前，工程师必须确保飞船携带全程太空旅行所需的充足物资。 We need a sufficiency of food and water to survive the long space travel. 我们需要充足的食物和水来熬过漫长的太空旅程。 Insufficient fuel may stop the spaceship from reaching its target station. 燃料不足可能会阻碍飞船抵达预定空间站。 练习：14. The evidence we have collected is sufficient ________ (prove) his innocence. 15.The resources are not _________(sufficient) prepared for the coming task. 15. permanent adj. 永久的；持久的 单词变形： permanently adv. 永久地 中英例句：Many countries hope to build a permanent base on the moon where people can live and work for a long time. 许多国家希望在月球建立可供人类长期生活与工作的永久基地。 练习：16. This is a ____________(permanently) space exhibition. 16. massive adj. 巨大的；大量的；大规模的 单词变形： massively adv. 巨大地 中英例句：Building a space station is a massive project that requires high technology and team work from many experts. 建造空间站是一项宏大工程，需要众多专家的高科技支持与团队协作。 练习：17. It requires a ___________ amount of money to build a station. A. small B. massive C. little D. few 17. routine n. [C/U]/adj. 常规；日常；常规的 单词变形：复数 routines 高考考点：daily routine 日常作息 中英例句：Astronauts follow a strict daily routine that includes exercise, work, tests, and regular health checks. 宇航员遵循严格的日常作息，包括锻炼、工作、测试与定期健康检查。 练习：18. Different people have different __________(routine). 18. monitor v./n. [C] 监测；监控；监视器；班长 单词变形：过去式 / 过去分词 monitored；现在分词 monitoring 中英例句：Computers on the ground monitor every part of the spaceship to make sure that it is working safely and well. 地面电脑监测飞船的每一个部件，确保其安全、正常运行。 练习：19.The device is used __________ the spaceship’s condition. A. monitor B. to monitor C. monitoring D. monitored 19. resource n. [C, usually pl.] 资源；财力；物力 单词变形：复数 resources 高考考点：natural / space resources 自然资源 / 太空资源 中英例句：Some scientists believe that space has rich resources that can solve Earth’s energy problems in the future. 一些科学家认为太空拥有丰富资源，未来可解决地球能源问题。 练习：20.We should make good use of limited ___________(resource). 20. survive v. 生存；存活；幸存 单词变形：过去式 / 过去分词 survived；现在分词 surviving；派生词 survival n. 生存 中英例句：Without special equipment and enough supplies, humans cannot survive in the extreme environment of outer space. 没有特殊设备与充足物资，人类无法在外太空极端环境下生存。 练习：21. It is hard __________ in space without special equipment. A. survive B. surviving C. to survive D. survived 22. Fresh water is necessary for human ___________(survive). 21. distant adj. 遥远的；久远的；疏远的 单词变形：派生词 distance n. 距离 高考考点：in the distance 在远处; keep one’s distance 保持距离 中英例句：With powerful telescopes, we can see distant stars and galaxies that are millions of light years away from Earth. 借助高倍望远镜，我们能看到距离地球数百万光年之远的遥远恒星与星系。 We saw a spaceship flying in the distance. 我们看见一艘飞船在远处飞行。 Please keep your distance from the wild animals. 请和野生动物保持距离。 练习：23. The ___________(距离) between Earth and Mars is great. 22. voyage n. [C] 航行；航天；航海 单词变形：复数 voyages 高考考点：space voyage 太空航行 中英例句：A voyage to Mars will take several months, so astronauts must be well prepared for the long and difficult trip. 前往火星的航行将耗时数月，因此宇航员必须为漫长艰难的旅程做好充分准备。 练习：24.They prepared for the long___________(航行). 23. assemble v. 组装；装配；集合 单词变形：过去式 / 过去分词 assembled；现在分词 assembling；派生词 assembly n. 组装 中英例句：Astronauts and robots work together to assemble large modules into a complete and usable space station. 宇航员与机器人合作，将大型模块组装成完整可用的空间站。 练习：25. Workers are busy ___________ the rocket parts. A. assemble B. to assemble C. assembling D. assembled 24. float v. 漂浮；浮动；飘动 单词变形：过去式 / 过去分词 floated；现在分词 floating 中英例句：In zero gravity, water drops and small objects float freely and can easily fly into important machines. 在失重环境下，水滴与小物体自由漂浮，极易飞入重要仪器内部。 练习：26. Many objects __________ freely in zero gravity. A. float B. floats C. floating D. floated 25. secure adj./v. 安全的；稳固的；保护；获得 单词变形：派生词 security n. 安全 中英例句：The spaceship must return at the right speed and angle to make a secure landing on the Earth’s surface. 飞船必须以正确速度与角度返回，才能在地球表面安全着陆。 练习：27.We must ensure system __________(secure) during flight. 26. calculate v. 计算；推算；估计 单词变形：过去式 / 过去分词 calculated；现在分词 calculating；派生词 calculation n. 计算 高考考点：calculate distance / speed / route 计算距离 / 速度 / 路线 中英例句：Scientists carefully calculate the speed and path of the spaceship to avoid danger and reach its target correctly. 科学家仔细计算飞船速度与轨道，规避危险并准确抵达目标。 练习：28. They need ________ the speed and route carefully. A. calculate B. to calculate C. calculating D. calculated 2、 核心短语精讲 1. space exploration 太空探索 中英例句：Space exploration helps humans learn more about the universe and discover new chances for future development. 太空探索帮助人类更深入了解宇宙，并为未来发展发掘新机遇。 练习：29. __________(explore) space is meaningful to humans. 2. manned spaceship 载人飞船 中英例句：A manned spaceship carries astronauts into space and completes important tasks that machines cannot do alone. 载人飞船将宇航员送入太空，完成机器无法单独完成的重要任务。 练习：30.The ___________(man) spaceship returned safely. 3. solar system 太阳系 中英例句：Our solar system includes eight planets that move around the sun and many other small objects in space. 我们的太阳系包含围绕太阳运行的八大行星及太空中许多其他小型天体。 练习：31. There are eight planets in the ___________(sun) system. 4. carry out 执行；实施 中英例句：Astronauts carry out scientific experiments in space that can improve life and technology on Earth greatly. 宇航员在太空实施科学实验，这些实验能极大改善地球生活与科技。 练习：32.The team plans ___________(carry) out a spacewalk. 5. set off 出发；启程 中英例句：The spaceship will set off early in the morning when the weather and environment are safe for launch. 飞船将在清晨出发，此时天气与环境适合安全发射。 练习：33. The rocket is scheduled __________(set) off next month. 6. dream of 梦想…… 中英例句：Many young people dream of traveling in space and seeing the Earth from far away in the universe. 许多年轻人梦想前往太空旅行，从宇宙远处眺望地球。 练习：34. He dreams of __________(become) an astronaut. 7. make progress 取得进步 中英例句：With hard work and new technology, China continues to make great progress in space exploration every year. 凭借努力与新技术，中国每年都在太空探索领域持续取得巨大进步。 练习：35. We __________(make) steady progress in recent years. 8. be located in 位于 中英例句：The main control center for space missions is located in a safe place that supports clear communication. 太空任务主控制中心位于能保障清晰通信的安全区域。 练习：36. The station ___________(locate) in a low orbit. 参考答案 一、核心单词精讲 1.exploration 2. B 3. astronauts 4. B 5. has been launched 6. C. 7. the 8. oxygen 9.vehicles 10. B 11. intelligent 12. B 13. to catch 14. to prove 15. sufficiently 16. permanent 17. B 18. routines 19. B 20. resources 21.C 22. survival 23. distance 24.voyage 25.C 26. A 27.security 28. B. 二、核心短语精讲 29. Exploring 30.manned 31.solar 32.to carry 33.to set 34.becoming 35.have made 36. is located 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $