Unit5 Natural disasters 重点词汇、短语、句子专项训练 2025-2026学年沪教版（五四制）八年级下册英语

**基本信息** 聚焦“自然灾害”主题，通过“词汇-短语-句子”三级训练，系统强化单元核心语言知识，培养语言运用能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇辨析|10题|从括号选单词填空|考查名词/动词/形容词等词形词性辨析，奠定主题词汇基础| |单词适当形式填空|15题|用所给词正确形式填空|强化动词时态/语态、名词单复数等语法应用，构建词形变化逻辑| |中文提示完成句子|20题|根据提示写单词|巩固自然灾害相关核心词汇拼写，建立中英词汇联系| |短语英译汉|15题|短语翻译|掌握主题短语固定搭配，搭建词汇到语块的过渡| |补全句子|10题|一空一词补全|训练主题句型结构，提升语言输出准确性| |单项选择|10题|语法与词汇选择|综合考查词汇运用、固定搭配及语法规则，检验知识掌握程度| |句型转换|5题|划线提问/否定句等|强化句子结构变换能力，深化对语法规则的理解与应用|

沪教版（五四制）八年级下册英语 Unit5 Natural disasters 重点词汇、短语、句子专项训练 （满分100分） 一、词汇辨析（从括号内选择正确单词填空，每题1分，共10分） 1.A strong typhoon ________ (hit/hitted) our city last week. 2.It’s dangerous to swim in the river during a ________ (storm/stormy). 3.Many people were ________ (trap/trapped) in the dark. 4.We should ________ (hide/hid) in a safe place. 5.The ________ (flood/flooded) destroyed many houses. 6.They ________ (lose/lost) their homes in the earthquake. 7.The ________ (fire/fireman) fought the fire bravely. 8.It’s ________ (safe/dangerous) to stay under the tree. 9.We must ________ (follow/following) the safety rules. 10.The rain is ________ (heavy/heavily) outside. 二、用括号里单词的正确形式完成句子（每题1分，共15分） 1.A big earthquake ________ (happen) last month. 2.They ________ (trap) in the building for 3 hours. 3.We should ________ (stay) calm when in danger. 4.The flood ________ (wash) away many houses yesterday. 5.He ________ (not go) out because of the heavy snow. 6.The ________ (win) blew strongly last night. 7.We must ________ (protect) ourselves in a fire. 8.They ________ (help) the people in need after the disaster. 9.It’s important ________ (keep) safe. 10.Look! The workers ________ (save) the people. 11.She ________ (fall) down and hurt her leg. 12.Many people ________ (lose) their homes in the typhoon. 13.We should ________ (call) 119 for help. 14.The storm ________ (pass) quickly. 15.They ________ (move) to a safe place just now. 三、根据句意及中文提示完成句子（每题1分，共20分） 1.A terrible ________ (地震) happened in the area. 2.The ________ (台风) was very strong. 3.The ________ (洪水) washed away many houses. 4.There was a big ________ (火灾) in the building. 5.It’s dangerous to be ________ (在外面) during a storm. 6.We must stay ________ (镇静的). 7.They were ________ (困住) in the dark room. 8.The ________ (消防员) are very brave. 9.We should find a ________ (安全的) place. 10.The ________ (雪) was very heavy last winter. 11.The ________ (雷) made me afraid. 12.The ________ (风) blew strongly. 13.We should ________ (保护) ourselves. 14.Many people ________ (失去) their homes. 15.We should ________ (遵守) safety rules. 16.Don’t ________ (触摸) the fire. 17.We should ________ (移动) to a safe place. 18.The ________ (灾害) brought great trouble. 19.They ________ (拯救) many people. 20.We should help people in ________ (危险). 四、重点短语 英译汉（每题1分，共15分） 1.natural disaster 2.an earthquake 3.a typhoon 4.a flood 5.on fire 6.stay calm 7.be trapped 8.wash away 9.safety rules 10.protect oneself 11.call for help 12.in danger 13.move to safety 14.lose one’s home 15.brave firemen 五、根据中文提示补全句子（一空一词，每题2分，共20分） 1.一场强烈的地震袭击了这个地区。 A strong earthquake ________ the ________. 2.洪水冲走了许多房子。 The flood ________ ________ many houses. 3.我们应该保持镇静。 We should ________ ________. 4.他们被困在大楼里。 They ________ ________ in the building. 5.消防员正在灭火。 The firemen ________ ________ the fire. 6.我们必须保护自己。 We must ________ ________. 7.许多人失去了他们的家园。 Many people ________ ________ homes. 8.我们应该帮助处于危险中的人们。 We should help people ________ ________. 9.我们必须遵守安全规则。 We must ________ ________ rules. 10.我们应该搬到安全的地方。 We should ________ ________ safety. 六、单项选择（每题1分，共10分） 1.A typhoon ______ our city yesterday. A. hit B. hits C. hitted 2.We should stay ______ in danger. A. calm B. loudly C. happy 3.The flood washed many houses ______. A. away B. out C. off 4.They were trapped ______ the room. A. in B. on C. at 5.It’s dangerous ______ under the tree. A. stay B. to stay C. staying 6.We must ______ safety rules. A. follow B. follows C. following 7.The firemen are ______ the fire. A. fight B. fighting C. fought 8.Many people lost ______ homes. A. they B. their C. them 9.We should call ______ help. A. for B. to C. at 10.The earthquake ______ last week. A. happen B. happened C. happening 七、句型转换（每题2分，共10分） 1.A typhoon hit the city.（对划线提问） ________ ________ the city? 2.They were trapped in the house.（否定句） They ________ ________ trapped in the house. 3.We should stay calm.（一般疑问句） ________ we ________ calm? 4.The flood washed away the houses.（否定句） The flood ________ ________ away the houses. 5.They are in danger.（同义句） They are ________ ________. 参考答案 一、词汇辨析 1. hit 2. storm 3. trapped 4. hide 5. flood 6.lost 7. firemen 8. dangerous 9. follow 10. heavy 二、单词适当形式填空 1. happened 2. were trapped 3. stay 4. washed 5. didn’t go 6.wind 7. protect 8. helped 9. to keep 10. are saving 11.fell 12. lost 13. call 14. passed 15. moved 三、根据中文提示完成句子 1.earthquake 2. typhoon 3. flood 4. fire 5. outside 6.calm 7. trapped 8. firemen 9. safe 10. snow 11.thunder 12. wind 13. protect 14. lost 15. follow 16.touch 17. move 18. disaster 19. saved 20. danger 四、短语英译汉 1.自然灾害 2. 一场地震 3. 一场台风 4. 一场洪水 5. 着火 6.保持镇静 7. 被困住 8. 冲走 9. 安全规则 10. 保护自己 11.呼救 12. 处于危险中 13. 转移到安全地带 14. 失去家园 15. 勇敢的消防员 五、补全句子. 1.hit; area 2.washed away 3.stay calm 4.were trapped 5.are fighting 6.protect ourselves 7.lost their 8.in danger 9.follow safety 10.move to 六、单项选择. 1.A 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. B 6.A 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. B 七、句型转换. 1.What hit 2.were not 3.Should; stay 4.didn’t wash 5.not safe 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $