Unit 5 Nature's Temper 核心单词,词性转换,短语,语法,句型练习-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元练习（人教版）

**基本信息** 初中英语Unit 5“Nature's Temper”单元复习卷，围绕自然现象主题，通过默写、语法填空、短文填空等题型系统巩固词汇、语法及语用能力，适配单元复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单元知识点默写|76题|自然灾害词汇（地震、台风等）、词形转换（如bad→worst）|夯实语言基础，强化词汇积累| |用所给单词适当形式填空|15题/15分|副词、名词、动词形式等语法|结合语境考查语法应用，提升语言能力| |完成句子|10题/30分|句型结构（如“一……就……”）|语法与语用结合，培养思维品质| |短文填空|20题/40分|语篇理解、词汇运用|以自然灾害报道为情境，综合考查语言能力与文化意识|

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单元重点单词变形短语语法句型精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：80分） 单元知识点默写 一、重点单词默写 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 脾气；怒气 ______ 2. 地震 ______ 3. 台风 ______ 4. 野火 ______ 5. 雪暴；暴风雪 ______ 6. 水灾；洪水；泛滥；淹没 ______ 7. 旱灾；干旱 ______ 8. 警告；提醒注意 ______ 9. 波浪；波；挥手；挥舞 ______ 10. 海啸 ______ 11. 采访；面试 ______ 12. 街区；临近的地方 ______ 13. 屋顶；顶部 ______ 14. 几乎；差不多；将近 ______ 15. 报道；汇报 ______ 16. 苦恼；困难；使忧虑；劳驾；麻烦 ______ 17. 亲戚；亲属 ______ 18. 卡车 ______ 19. 供应（量）；补给（品）；供应；供给 ______ 20. 准备（工作）；预备 ______ 21. 电力供应；能量；力量 ______ 22. （睡觉）酣畅地；可靠地；完全彻底地 ______ 23. 厚的；浓密的 ______ 24. 打；敲；击；敲击；跳动 ______ 25. 躲藏；隐蔽 ______ 26. 龙卷风；旋风 ______ 27. 最坏（的）；最糟（的） ______ 28. （学校的）女生 ______ 29. 泡；泡沫 ______ 30. 不幸地；可惜地 ______ 31. 拒绝；退却 ______ 32. 安全；保安；保障 ______ 33. 卫兵；保卫；保卫 ______ 34. 附近的；在附近 ______ 35. 尖叫 ______ 36. 幸亏；感激地 ______ 37. 知识；学问 ______ 38. 思考；想法 ______ 39. 英雄；男主角；偶像 ______ 40. 滑坡；塌方 ______ 41. 保护；捍卫 ______ 42. 洪水 ______ 43. 劳动力；人力 ______ 44. 心跳（声） ______ 45. 救援；营救 ______ 46. 热浪 ______ 47. 西南的；西南方向的 ______ 48. 消防队员 ______ 49. 志愿者；自愿做；义务做 ______ 50. 非常糟地；非常 ______ 51. 警报（器）；惊恐 ______ 52. 复习；回顾；复查；回顾；审查 ______ 53. 突然的；骤然的 ______ 54. 雷；雷声；打雷；发出雷鸣般响声 ______ 55. 通常的；寻常的 ______ 56. 暴风雨 ______ 二、重点词性转换 1. bad (adj.) → ______ (adj. & adv. 最高级) 2. sudden (adj.) → ______ (adv.) 3. prepare (v.) → ______ (n.) 4. secure (adj.) → ______ (n.) 5. thank (v.) → ______ (adv.) 6. know (v.) → ______ (n.) 7. hero (n.) → ______ (adj.) 8. volunteer (n.) → ______ (adj.) 9. usual (adj.) → ______ (adv.) 10. luck (n.) → ______ (adj. 不幸的) 三、短语默写 1. 做家务 ______ 2. （使）慢下来；（使）减速 ______ 3. （从某物上）脱落；掉落 ______ 4. 作准备 ______ 5. 一……就…… ______ 6. 闹钟 ______ 7. （警报器等）发出响声 ______ 8. 突然；猛地 ______ 9. 到……的时候 ______ 10. 因此 ______ 单元知识点习题训练 1、 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 1．The teacher ________ (near) lost her temper when the students kept talking in class. 2．It’s said that thirteen is a(n) ________ (lucky) number in most western countries. 3．Instead of ________ (scream), he took a deep breath. 4．The doctors ________ (operate) on the girl when we got to the hospital. 5．________ (unfortunate), no one took my opinion seriously. 6．Many ________ (report) are working hard to record what happened during the natural disaster. 7．The snow fell ________ (thick) and covered all the roads and trees in the mountain village. 8．________ (thankful), most students have learned how to protect themselves in dangerous situations. 9．People should respect all kinds of ________ (guard) who keep our community safe every day. 10．The little boy felt ________ (bad) of all the kids after he caught a bad cold on rainy days. 11．________ (sudden), a strong wind blew up and changed the weather completely. 12．The teacher ________ (review) what we had learned before the monthly test last week. 13．The loud noise from the street made all of us feel ________ (terrible) uncomfortable last night. 14．We all admire those brave ________ (hero) who try their best to help others in trouble. 15．We ________ (usual) take a walk along the river after finishing our homework in summer. 二、根据汉语提示完成单词(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 16．We should be ________ (冷静的) when we face natural disasters like floods and storms. 17．He will have an __________ (面试) for a new job. 18．The rainstorm was so heavy that the ________ (地区) was flooded. 19．The ________ (紧急情况) of the flood made all the people take action quickly. 20．Helping the people in disaster areas makes me feel that my life is ________ (有意义的). 21．It’s ________ (必要的) for us to learn how to rescue ourselves in emergency situations. 22．It’s important to ________ (分享) our disaster safety experience with our classmates. 23．The weather report ________ (警告) us not to go out because of the coming violent storm. 24．The rescue team tried their best to reduce the ________ (损害) caused by the storm. 25．People in the disaster area need a safe ________ (避难所) to stay away from the flood. 26．A ________ (猛烈的) rainstorm hit our city last night and destroyed many street trees. 27．People in the flooded area had to stay in a ________ (避难所) for several days. 28．A ________ (猛烈的) storm hit our town last night, causing great damage to the houses. 29．Since my phone was out of ________ (电力), I couldn’t text my mom. 30．It was the worst flood ________ (从……以来) records began. 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分) 31．达到山顶时，我们每个人都筋疲力尽了。 ________ ________ ________ we got to the top of the mountain, each of us was tired out. 32．我们的英语老师像往常一样以一个故事开始了这堂课。 Our English teacher started the class with a story ________ ________. 33．电梯开到十楼时出了故障。 The lift ________ ________ when it came to the tenth floor. 34．每次考试前做好准备可以帮助学生取得更好的成绩。 ________ ________ ________ before each exam can help students get better scores. 35．贝蒂听说许多动物处于危险之中，感到很难过。 Betty was sad to ________ ________ so many animals in danger. 36．外面风很大，灯都熄灭了。 The wind was blowing strongly outside, and the lights ________ ________. 37．我爸爸回来的时候，我正在打扫房间。 I ________ ________ the room when my father came back. 38．跑了四十分钟后，他上气不接下气。 After running for forty minutes, he was ________ ________ ________. 39．突然，雷声在天空中轰鸣起来。 ________ ________ ________ ________, thunder rolled across the sky. 40．那个男孩骑得非常快。结果，他撞到了一位老妇人。 The boy rode very fast. ________ ________ ________, he hit an old woman. 四、短文填空(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 根据内容填写所缺单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空，使语篇意思完整，每空限填一词。 It was reported that one of last year's most powerful storms killed at least four people and hurt at least 95 others in southern China. Do you remember what you were doing at that time? I couldn’t forget what happened 41 it was terrible for me. It was a dark and quiet night at first. I was just about to fall asleep. 42 (sudden), I heard a loud noise. It was 43 (rain) heavily outside. The wind was beating (击打) against the windows. I got up and looked out of the window. To my surprise, I could see 44 tree in my neighbor's garden fall. It broke a fence (栅栏) and part of the wall. I realized that I should do something by 45 (I). So I put on my raincoat and went outside. The rain was so heavy that I was completely (完全地) wet in a few 46 (minute). There was almost silence (寂静) 47 the neighborhood except for the sound of the rain and the wind. I tried my best to move some of the 48 (branch). After a while, some of my neighbors also 49 (come) out to help. Together, we managed 50 (clean) up the mess.It was a long and tiring night, but I felt good that I did something to help. It felt great to see the community working together. A very terrible fire happened in a Hong Kong neighborhood. It 51 (take) many lives. A brave fireman also lost his life who was trying to save others at that time. The bamboo scaffolding around the buildings acted as fuel (燃料). It helped the fire grow fast. The buildings had a special arrangement (布局). This arrangement created a powerful “chimney effect”. This effect made the fire move upward 52 (quick) and become extremely hot. It 53 (be) like air flowing through a real chimney. The fire spread faster and spread to more buildings. Strong winds made it the 54 (bad) situation. 55 (fireman) faced great challenges during the rescue. The chimney effect made the fire too hot 56 get close to the building. Burning pieces kept 57 (fall) from above and thick black smoke made it hard to see and breathe. 58 the situation was very dangerous, these brave workers did their best to evacuate people caught inside. Thankfully, no more people lost their lives later. Our thoughts are truly with all the families. These families lost their loved ones. We also remember the heroic firefighter hope those injured people will become better soon. This terrible event greatly reminds 59 (we) how important safety is, because fire dangers are everywhere. Let's all learn from this and be more 60 (care). We pray many tragedies won't happen again and that everyone may live safely. $ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单元重点单词变形短语语法句型精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：80分） 单元知识点默写 一、重点单词默写 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. temper (n.) 脾气；怒气 2. earthquake (n.) 地震 3. typhoon (n.) 台风 4. wildfire (n.) 野火 5. snowstorm (n.) 雪暴；暴风雪 6. flood (n. & v.) 水灾；洪水；泛滥；淹没 7. drought (n.) 旱灾；干旱 8. warn (v.) 警告；提醒注意 9. wave (n. & v.) 波浪；波；挥手；挥舞 10. tsunami (n.) 海啸 11. interview (n. & v.) 采访；面试 12. neighbourhood (n.) 街区；临近的地方（=neighborhood） 13. roof (n.) 屋顶；顶部 14. nearly (adv.) 几乎；差不多；将近 15. report (n. & v.) 报道；汇报 16. trouble (n. & v.) 苦恼；困难；使忧虑；劳驾；麻烦 17. relative (n.) 亲戚；亲属 18. truck (n.) 卡车 19. supply (n. & v.) 供应（量）；补给（品）；供应；供给 20. preparation (n.) 准备（工作）；预备 21. power (n.) 电力供应；能量；力量 22. soundly (adv.) （睡觉）酣畅地；可靠地；完全彻底地 23. thick (adj.) 厚的；浓密的 24. beat (v. & n.) 打；敲；击；敲击；跳动（过去式 beat，过去分词 beaten） 25. hide (v.) 躲藏；隐蔽（过去式 hid，过去分词 hidden） 26. tornado (n.) 龙卷风；旋风 27. worst (adj. & adv.) 最坏（的）；最糟（的）（bad 和 badly 的最高级） 28. schoolgirl (n.) （学校的）女生 29. froth (n.) 泡；泡沫 30. unfortunately (adv.) 不幸地；可惜地 31. refuse (v.) 拒绝；退却 32. security (n.) 安全；保安；保障 33. guard (n. & v.) 卫兵；保卫；保卫 34. nearby (adj. & adv.) 附近的；在附近 35. scream (v.) 尖叫 36. thankfully (adv.) 幸亏；感激地 37. knowledge (n.) 知识；学问 38. thinking (n.) 思考；想法 39. hero (n.) 英雄；男主角；偶像（复数 heroes） 40. landslide (n.) 滑坡；塌方 41. safeguard (v.) 保护；捍卫 42. floodwater (n.) 洪水 43. manpower (n.) 劳动力；人力 44. heartbeat (n.) 心跳（声） 45. rescue (n. & v.) 救援；营救 46. heatwave (n.) 热浪 47. southwestern (adj.) 西南的；西南方向的 48. firefighter (n.) 消防队员 49. volunteer (n. & v.) 志愿者；自愿做；义务做 50. terribly (adv.) 非常糟地；非常 51. alarm (n.) 警报（器）；惊恐 52. review (v. & n.) 复习；回顾；复查；回顾；审查 53. sudden (adj.) 突然的；骤然的 54. thunder (n. & v.) 雷；雷声；打雷；发出雷鸣般响声 55. usual (adj.) 通常的；寻常的 56. rainstorm (n.) 暴风雨 二、重点词性转换 1. bad (adj.) → worst (adj. & adv.) 最坏（的）；最糟（的） 2. sudden (adj.) → suddenly (adv.) 突然地；骤然地 3. prepare (v.) → preparation (n.) 准备（工作）；预备 4. secure (adj.) → security (n.) 安全；保安；保障 5. thank (v.) → thankfully (adv.) 幸亏；感激地 6. know (v.) → knowledge (n.) 知识；学问 7. hero (n.) → heroic (adj.) 英雄的；英勇的 8. volunteer (n.) → voluntary (adj.) 自愿的；义务的 9. usual (adj.) → usually (adv.) 通常；平常 10. luck (n.) → unlucky (adj.) 不幸的；不顺利的；不吉利的 三、短语默写 1. do chores 做家务 2. slow down （使）慢下来；（使）减速 3. come off （从某物上）脱落；掉落 4. make preparations 作准备 5. as soon as 一……就…… 6. alarm clock 闹钟 7. go off （警报器等）发出响声 8. all of a sudden 突然；猛地 9. by the time 到……的时候 10. as a result 因此 单元知识点习题训练 1、 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 1．The teacher ________ (near) lost her temper when the students kept talking in class. 【答案】nearly 【详解】句意：学生们上课不停讲话时，老师差点发脾气。此处要用副词修饰动词lost；形容词near变为副词nearly，意为“几乎，差点”。 2．It’s said that thirteen is a(n) ________ (lucky) number in most western countries. 【答案】unlucky 【详解】句意：据说在大多数西方国家，十三是一个不吉利的数字。根据常识，西方文化里数字13被视为不吉利；此处缺少形容词作定语，lucky为形容词，表示“幸运的”，应改为unlucky，表示“不幸的”。故填unlucky。 3．Instead of ________ (scream), he took a deep breath. 【答案】screaming 【详解】句意：他没有尖叫，而是深吸了一口气。括号内的单词scream是动词，此处用在介词短语instead of后，介词of后需接动名词形式，因此用screaming(尖叫)。 4．The doctors ________ (operate) on the girl when we got to the hospital. 【答案】were operating 【详解】句意：当我们赶到医院时，医生们正在给那个女孩做手术。句子中“when we got to the hospital”表示过去某个具体时间点，强调当时正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时（was/were + 现在分词）；主语是复数名词the doctors，be动词用were，operate的现在分词是operating。 5．________ (unfortunate), no one took my opinion seriously. 【答案】Unfortunately 【详解】句意：不幸的是，没有人认真对待我的意见。括号内的单词unfortunate是形容词，此处需要副词来修饰整个句子，因此用副词形式unfortunately(不幸地)，句首首字母大写。 6．Many ________ (report) are working hard to record what happened during the natural disaster. 【答案】reporters 【详解】句意：许多记者正在努力记录自然灾害期间发生的事情。空处位于be动词are前面，作主语，用名词形式reporter，many修饰用可数名词复数形式reporters“记者”。 7．The snow fell ________ (thick) and covered all the roads and trees in the mountain village. 【答案】thickly 【详解】句意：雪下得很厚，覆盖了山村所有的道路和树木。thick意为“厚的”，是形容词。此处修饰动词fell，应用副词形式。故填thickly。 8．________ (thankful), most students have learned how to protect themselves in dangerous situations. 【答案】Thankfully 【详解】句意：庆幸的是，大多数学生都已经学会了如何在危险情况下保护自己。句首需要用副词修饰整个句子，thankful的副词形式为thankfully，意为“幸运的是、庆幸的是”，句首字母需大写。 9．People should respect all kinds of ________ (guard) who keep our community safe every day. 【答案】guards 【详解】句意：人们应当尊重所有每天守护我们社区安全的警卫人员。句中“all kinds of”（各种各样的）后接可数名词复数，guard的复数形式为guards。 10．The little boy felt ________ (bad) of all the kids after he caught a bad cold on rainy days. 【答案】worst 【详解】句意：这个小男孩在雨天患上重感冒后，感觉比所有孩子都糟糕。句中of all the kids明确了是三者及以上的范围比较，需要用形容词最高级，bad的最高级为worst。 11．________ (sudden), a strong wind blew up and changed the weather completely. 【答案】Suddenly 【详解】句意：突然，一阵狂风刮起，彻底改变了天气。句中需要用副词修饰整个句子，sudden的副词形式为suddenly，意为 “突然地”，句首字母大写。 12．The teacher ________ (review) what we had learned before the monthly test last week. 【答案】reviewed 【详解】句意：老师复习了我们上周月考前学过的东西。根据时间状语last week可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式reviewed“复习”。 13．The loud noise from the street made all of us feel ________ (terrible) uncomfortable last night. 【答案】terribly 【详解】句意：昨晚街上传来的巨大噪音让我们所有人都感到极其不适。terrible意为“可怕的”，是形容词。此处修饰形容词uncomfortable，表示程度，应用副词形式terribly，意为“非常，很”。 14．We all admire those brave ________ (hero) who try their best to help others in trouble. 【答案】heroes 【详解】句意：我们都敬佩那些勇敢的英雄，他们竭尽全力帮助身处困境的人。句中“those”（那些）为复数指示代词，提示后面的名词需用复数形式。hero的复数形式为heroes。 15．We ________ (usual) take a walk along the river after finishing our homework in summer. 【答案】usually 【详解】句意：夏天的时候，我们通常在做完作业后沿着河边散步。括号中usual是形容词，表示“通常的、平常的”，句中需要修饰动词take，应用副词，usual的副词形式是直接在末尾加-ly，表示“通常沿着河边散步”，故填usually。 二、根据汉语提示完成单词(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 16．We should be ________ (冷静的) when we face natural disasters like floods and storms. 【答案】calm 【详解】句意：当面对洪水和风暴等自然灾害时，我们应该保持冷静。calm“冷静的”是形容词，be后需跟形容词作表语，应填calm。 17．He will have an __________ (面试) for a new job. 【答案】interview 【详解】句意：他将参加一份新工作的面试。根据汉语提示可知，“面试”英文表达为interview，是可数名词，an后接可数名词单数。故填interview。 18．The rainstorm was so heavy that the ________ (地区) was flooded. 【答案】area 【详解】句意：暴雨如此猛烈，以至于该地区被洪水淹没。“地区”可译为area，为可数名词。句中谓语动词是“was”，说明主语是单数，因此用单数形式area即可。 19．The ________ (紧急情况) of the flood made all the people take action quickly. 【答案】emergency 【详解】句意：这场洪水的紧急情况让所有人迅速采取了行动。空格位于定冠词The之后，介词of之前，需要填入一个名词。紧急情况：emergency；本句特指洪水这一起紧急事件，主语用名词单数形式，直接填原形即可。 20．Helping the people in disaster areas makes me feel that my life is ________ (有意义的). 【答案】meaningful 【详解】句意：帮助灾区人民让我感到我的生活是有意义的。根据汉语提示可知，meaningful“有意义的”，形容词，作feel的表语，故填meaningful。 21．It’s ________ (必要的) for us to learn how to rescue ourselves in emergency situations. 【答案】necessary 【详解】句意：对我们来说，学会在紧急情况下自救是必要的。这是“It’s + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.”的固定句型，此处需要填入形容词，“必要的”对应的英文单词是necessary。 22．It’s important to ________ (分享) our disaster safety experience with our classmates. 【答案】share 【详解】句意：把我们的防灾安全经验分享给同学们，这很重要。分享：share，It’s+形容词+to do sth（做某事是……的），不定式符号to后需要接动词原形，share本身就是原形。 23．The weather report ________ (警告) us not to go out because of the coming violent storm. 【答案】warned 【详解】句意：天气预报警告我们不要外出，因为即将有强烈的暴风雨。warn“警告”，是谓语动词。根据语境可知“警告”的动作应发生在过去，时态为一般过去时，所以此处应用其过去式，在词尾加ed。 24．The rescue team tried their best to reduce the ________ (损害) caused by the storm. 【答案】damage 【详解】句意：救援队尽全力减少暴风雨造成的损害。空格在定冠词the后，需要填名词。损害：damage，reduce the damage“减少损失”。 damage表泛指损害时作不可数名词，用原形即可。 25．People in the disaster area need a safe ________ (避难所) to stay away from the flood. 【答案】shelter 【详解】句意：灾区人民需要一个安全的避难所以远离洪水。此处表示“避难所”用名词“shelter”，因为“a safe”后需接可数名词单数，故填shelter。 26．A ________ (猛烈的) rainstorm hit our city last night and destroyed many street trees. 【答案】violent 【详解】句意：昨晚一场暴雨袭击了我们的城市，摧毁了许多街道树。表示“猛烈的”用violent，是形容词，修饰名词rainstorm，用形容词。 27．People in the flooded area had to stay in a ________ (避难所) for several days. 【答案】shelter 【详解】句意：洪水灾区的人们不得不在避难所里待了好几天。括号内中文提示“避难所”对应的英文单词是“shelter”。空前“a”为不定冠词，提示空处应填可数名词单数形式。故填shelter。 28．A ________ (猛烈的) storm hit our town last night, causing great damage to the houses. 【答案】violent 【详解】句意：一场猛烈的暴风雨昨晚袭击了我们的城镇，给房屋造成了巨大的破坏。根据汉语提示可知，“violent”意为“猛烈的”，可用于修饰“storm”，符合文意。 29．Since my phone was out of ________ (电力), I couldn’t text my mom. 【答案】power 【详解】句意：因为我的手机没电了，我无法给母亲发短信。根据汉语提示可知，power“电力供应”为名词，out of power是固定搭配，单词无需变形，故填power。 30．It was the worst flood ________ (从……以来) records began. 【答案】since 【详解】句意：这是自打有记录以来最严重的洪水。此处需要连词since“从……以来”，引导时间状语从句“…records began”表示“记录开始”这个动作发生在过去的某个时间点。 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分) 31．达到山顶时，我们每个人都筋疲力尽了。 ________ ________ ________ we got to the top of the mountain, each of us was tired out. 【答案】 By the time 【详解】原句中“达到……时”是关键词，表示“当……时候/到……的时候”且能引导时间状语从句的短语是by the time。本句在句首，首字母需要大写。 32．我们的英语老师像往常一样以一个故事开始了这堂课。 Our English teacher started the class with a story ________ ________. 【答案】 as usual 【详解】原句中“像往常一样”是关键词，表示“像往常一样”的英文是as usual，是副词短语，作状语。 33．电梯开到十楼时出了故障。 The lift ________ ________ when it came to the tenth floor. 【答案】 went wrong 【详解】原句中“出了故障”是关键词，表示“出故障” 的短语是went wrong。本句为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填went；wrong。 34．每次考试前做好准备可以帮助学生取得更好的成绩。 ________ ________ ________ before each exam can help students get better scores. 【答案】 Making good preparations 【详解】原句中“做好准备”是关键词。表示“做好准备”的短语是make good preparations。本句中该短语作主语，应用动名词形式，即making good preparations。句首单词首字母需大写。 35．贝蒂听说许多动物处于危险之中，感到很难过。 Betty was sad to ________ ________ so many animals in danger. 【答案】 hear about 【详解】原句中“听说”是关键词，表示“听说”的动词短语是hear about，“be+adj.+to do sth.”是固定搭配，表示“做某事感到……”。所以不定式符号to后面接动词原形hear。 36．外面风很大，灯都熄灭了。 The wind was blowing strongly outside, and the lights ________ ________. 【答案】 went off 【详解】原句中“熄灭”是关键词，go off为固定短语，意为（灯火）熄灭； 前半句用过去进行时，后半句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，go的过去式是went。 故填went；off。 37．我爸爸回来的时候，我正在打扫房间。 I ________ ________ the room when my father came back. 【答案】 was cleaning 【详解】句中“when my father came back”为过去的时间状语，提示主句的动作在过去那个时间点正在进行，应用过去进行时。主语是“I”，be动词应用was，打扫的动词是clean，其现在分词为cleaning。 38．跑了四十分钟后，他上气不接下气。 After running for forty minutes, he was ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 out of breath 【详解】原句中“上气不接下气”是关键词，表示“喘不过气”的介词短语是out of breath，在句中作表语。 39．突然，雷声在天空中轰鸣起来。 ________ ________ ________ ________, thunder rolled across the sky. 【答案】 All of a sudden 【详解】原句中的“突然”是关键词，对应的英文短语为all of a sudden，句首首字母需大写。故填All；of；a；sudden。 40．那个男孩骑得非常快。结果，他撞到了一位老妇人。 The boy rode very fast. ________ ________ ________, he hit an old woman. 【答案】 As a result 【详解】原句中“结果”是关键词，表示“结果”的短语是As a result，本句置于句首作衔接短语。 四、短文填空(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 根据内容填写所缺单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空，使语篇意思完整，每空限填一词。 It was reported that one of last year's most powerful storms killed at least four people and hurt at least 95 others in southern China. Do you remember what you were doing at that time? I couldn’t forget what happened 41 it was terrible for me. It was a dark and quiet night at first. I was just about to fall asleep. 42 (sudden), I heard a loud noise. It was 43 (rain) heavily outside. The wind was beating (击打) against the windows. I got up and looked out of the window. To my surprise, I could see 44 tree in my neighbor's garden fall. It broke a fence (栅栏) and part of the wall. I realized that I should do something by 45 (I). So I put on my raincoat and went outside. The rain was so heavy that I was completely (完全地) wet in a few 46 (minute). There was almost silence (寂静) 47 the neighborhood except for the sound of the rain and the wind. I tried my best to move some of the 48 (branch). After a while, some of my neighbors also 49 (come) out to help. Together, we managed 50 (clean) up the mess.It was a long and tiring night, but I felt good that I did something to help. It felt great to see the community working together. 【答案】 41．because 42．Suddenly 43．raining 44．a 45．myself 46．minutes 47．in 48．branches 49．came 50．to clean 【导语】本文讲述作者在去年强风暴来袭的夜晚，亲身经历风雨、主动出门帮忙清理树枝杂物，感受到邻里互助、社区同心的温暖。 41．句意：我无法忘记所发生的事情，因为它对我来说太可怕了。前后两句为因果关系，后半句是前半句的原因，用连词because引导原因状语从句。 42．句意：突然，我听到一声巨响。此处修饰整个句子，需用副词形式，sudden的副词是suddenly，句首字母大写。 43．句意：外面正下着大雨。由语境可知当时正在下雨，用过去进行时was/were + 现在分词，rain的现在分词是raining。 44．句意：令我惊讶的是，我看到邻居花园里的一棵树倒了。tree为可数名词单数，发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a表泛指。 45．句意：我意识到我应该独自做点什么。by oneself为固定搭配，意为“独自、自己”，主语是I，对应的反身代词是myself。 46．句意：雨下得太大，几分钟后我就全身湿透了。minute为可数名词，a few后接可数名词复数形式，故变复数minutes。 47．句意：除了风雨声，街区里几乎一片寂静。in the neighbourhood为固定搭配，意为“在街区里、在社区内”。 48．句意：我尽力挪动一些树枝。branch为可数名词，some of后接可数名词复数，branch的复数形式是branches。 49．句意：过了一会儿，我的一些邻居也出来帮忙了。全文叙述过去发生的事情，时态以一般过去时为主，come的过去式是came。 50．句意：我们一起设法清理了这片狼藉。manage to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“设法做成某事”，后接动词不定式，故填to clean。 A very terrible fire happened in a Hong Kong neighborhood. It 51 (take) many lives. A brave fireman also lost his life who was trying to save others at that time. The bamboo scaffolding around the buildings acted as fuel (燃料). It helped the fire grow fast. The buildings had a special arrangement (布局). This arrangement created a powerful “chimney effect”. This effect made the fire move upward 52 (quick) and become extremely hot. It 53 (be) like air flowing through a real chimney. The fire spread faster and spread to more buildings. Strong winds made it the 54 (bad) situation. 55 (fireman) faced great challenges during the rescue. The chimney effect made the fire too hot 56 get close to the building. Burning pieces kept 57 (fall) from above and thick black smoke made it hard to see and breathe. 58 the situation was very dangerous, these brave workers did their best to evacuate people caught inside. Thankfully, no more people lost their lives later. Our thoughts are truly with all the families. These families lost their loved ones. We also remember the heroic firefighter hope those injured people will become better soon. This terrible event greatly reminds 59 (we) how important safety is, because fire dangers are everywhere. Let's all learn from this and be more 60 (care). We pray many tragedies won't happen again and that everyone may live safely. 【答案】 51．took 52．quickly 53．was 54．worst 55．Firemen 56．to 57．falling 58．Although/Though 59．us 60．careful 【导语】本文讲述了香港一场严重火灾的起以及消防员在极端危险条件下勇敢救援的事迹，提醒人们注意防火安全。 51．句意：它夺走了许多人的生命。句子描述的是过去发生的火灾事件，应用一般过去时。“take”的过去式为“took”，表示“夺走”。 52．句意：这种效应使火势迅速向上移动并变得极其炽热。此处修饰动词“move upward”，应用副词形式。“quick”的副词为“quickly”，表示“迅速地”。 53．句意：它就像空气流过真正的烟囱一样。句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时；主语“It”为第三人称单数，be动词用“was”。 54．句意：强风使情况变得最糟糕。此处表示在强风影响下火势达到最严重的程度，空前有the，应用形容词“bad”的最高级“worst”，表示“最糟糕的”。 55．句意：消防员们在救援过程中面临着巨大的挑战。根据后文“faced great challenges”可知主语应为复数；结合上下文指消防员，应用“fireman”的复数形式“firemen”，且首字母大写。 56．句意：烟囱效应使火势太热，无法靠近建筑物。此处为“too...to...”结构，表示“太……而不能……”，因此应填不定式符号“to”。 57．句意：燃烧的碎片不断从上方掉落。“keep doing sth.”表示“持续做某事”，因此应用“fall”的现在分词形式“falling”，表示“掉落”。 58．句意：尽管情况非常危险，但这些勇敢的工人们尽力营救被困在里面的人。前后句为让步关系，表示“虽然……但是……”，应用“Although”或“Though”引导让步状语从句，首字母大写。 59．句意：这一可怕的事件极大地提醒了我们安全的重要性。动词“reminds”后应接人称代词的宾格形式，“we”的宾格为“us”，表示“我们”。 60．句意：让我们都从中吸取教训，更加小心。此处作“be”的表语，应用形容词形式；“care”的形容词为“careful”，表示“小心的”。 $