精品解析：湖南长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学2025-2026学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

高二下学期期中考试 英语 时量：120分钟 满分:150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上白案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每对话读两遍。 1. What do we know about Dr Jason? A. He works in an ecology company. B. He has a deep understanding of ecology. C. He wrote many popular science books. 2. Why does the man have to pack carefully? A. To save more time for cleaning. B. To make sure nothing gets damaged. C. To make sure nothing gets forgotten. 3. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Wait for her. B. Move forward C. Wait in line. 4. What was the meeting like? A. It was boring. B. It was productive. C. It was inefficient. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She likes her job. B. The job is annoying. C. Kids are often troublesome. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is most probably the man A. A teacher. B. A student. C. A physicist. 7. Why doesn't Karen teach physics? A. She has no opportunity. B. She isn't interested in teaching. C. She doesn't think she's qualified. 听第7段材料，回答第8至 10题。 8. What does the woman want to do? A. Rent a house. B. Get a loan. C. Get her credit report. 9. How many years of tax returns does the woman need to provide? A.5. B.3. C.1. 10. What does the woman probably mean in the end? A. She has a lot of information in her emails. B. She can't give the man more information. C. The man is asking for too much information. 听第8段材料，回答第11 至13题。 11. Where did the woman go last week? A. To a concert. B. To a friend's house. C. To a clothing store with Laura. 12. Why did the woman fall the second time? A. She tripped on some steps. B. Her foot got caught by her skirt. C. She looked up at the sky while walking. 13. How is the woman now? A. Her nose doesn't hurt. B. Her nose is broken. C. She has a headache. 听第9段材料，回答第14 至 16题。 14. What was the woman responsible for in her last job? A. Management. B. Translation. C. Marketing. 15 What benefited the woman a lot during her business trip to. China? A. Her language skills. B. Her professional skills. C. Her meetings with key people. 16. What does the woman like best about this job? A. Train travel. B. Plane travel. C. High salary. 听第10段材料，回答第17 至 20题。 17. When were the first amusement parks built in the US? A. In the 1700s. B. In the 1800s. C. In the 1900s. 18. What does the speaker say about Coney Island? A It doesn't appeal to people today. B. It was popular with the rich in the beginning C. It attracted the working class in the late 1900s. 19. What does the entrance fee cover in most US theme parks? A. Gifts and souvenirs. B. Shows and rides C. Food and drinks. 20. What is the talk mainly about? A. Amusement parks in Coney Island. B. The facilities in US amusement parks. C. The development of US amusement parks. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A recent landing on the moon has awakened or renewed people’s enthusiasm for the stars and space exploration. Here are four trip ideas to inspire those would-be astronauts and astronomers. Pic du Midi, France There are few observatories where you can observe stars before retiring to a comfortable cabin and watch the sunrise. Getting to the Pic du Midi Observatory is also an adventure in itself, involving a ride on two cable cars up to a 2,877-meter-high mountain. The guided astronomy sessions help kids discover Saturn and its rings via powerful telescopes. North York Moors, England As an International Dark Sky Reserve in the world, this lovely part of Yorkshire, England plays host to one of the UK’s family-friendly National Parks Dark Skies Festivals. Well timed to coincide with the latter part of autumn half term in England, the North York Moors Dark Skies Fringe Festival includes bat box making, evenings with winter birds and moonlit coastal walks. Kennedy Space Center, America The NASA-operated Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex is a must for ambitious astronauts and space-lovers. Hands-on experiences range from live presentations delivered by astronauts to the new Astronaut Training Experience Center. Children aged10 to 17 can experience spacewalking and exploring Mars. Mount Teide, Spain Home to the largest solar observatory in the world, it sits on Spain’s highest mountain. Ride the cable car up for a scientist-led tour, which includes the chance to observe the sun through hand-held solar telescopes. The special family tour includes an attractive 90-minute workshop exploring how observatory physicists carry out their research. 1. Which trip suits the visitors expecting the sea view at night? A. Pic du Midi. B. Mount Teide. C. North York Moors. D. Kennedy Space Center. 2. What activity can visitors do at Kennedy Space Center? A. Make a bat box. B. Contact astronauts. C. Attend a scientist-led tour. D. Observe the rings of Saturn. 3. What do Pic du Midi and Mount Teide have in common? A. They accommodate family tourists. B. They include a tour led by scientists. C. They offer free hand-held telescopes. D. They are located on high mountains. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了四处适合天文爱好者的特色旅行目的地。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“North York Moors, England”部分中的句子“Well timed to coincide with the latter part of autumn half term in England, the North York Moors Dark Skies Fringe Festival includes bat box making, evenings with winter birds and moonlit coastal walks.(恰逢英国秋季半学期的后半部分，北约克摩尔黑暗天空边缘节包括制作蝙蝠盒，与冬季鸟类的夜晚和月光下的海岸散步。)”可知，北约克郡荒野之旅适合期待夜间海景的游客。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Kennedy Space Center, America”部分中的句子“Hands-on experiences range from live presentations delivered by astronauts to the new Astronaut Training Experience Center.(实践体验包括宇航员的现场演示以及新的宇航员训练体验中心。)”可知，游客在肯尼迪航天中心可以与宇航员接触，参加他们的现场演示等活动。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Pic du Midi, France”部分中的句子“Getting to the Pic du Midi Observatory is also an adventure in itself, involving a ride on two cable cars up to a 2,877-meter-high mountain.(到达Pic du Midi天文台本身也是一场冒险，需要乘坐两辆缆车登上一座2877米高的山。)”以及“Mount Teide, Spain”部分中的句子“Home to the largest solar observatory in the world, it sits on Spain’s highest mountain.(它是世界上最大的太阳天文台所在地，坐落在西班牙最高的山上。)”可知，Pic du Midi和Mount Teide的共同点是它们都位于高山上。 B Born in 1990 in Hebei province, Wang Haoze, China’s first female space flight engineer, grew up with a strong belief from her mother that “there is nothing a girl cannot do.” This has contributed a lot to her growth, shaping her character and fueling her ambition. After earning her master’s degree from Southeast University, Wang joined the Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute in 2015, engaged in rocket engine pre-research. When China began the process to select its third group of astronauts in 2018, she seized the opportunity and applied. Transitioning from an engineer to an astronaut required not only technical knowledge and skills but also outstanding adaptability, physical fitness and mental resilience. The training included exhausting physical conditioning, psychological training and space environment simulations. During centrifuge (离心机) tests, Wang endured forces six times her body weight, with her hands resting on a red button that could stop the machine at any moment. Not once did she press it. “I am the only woman among the country's third group of astronauts,” she says, “and I don’t think I should receive special treatment. I had the competence and confidence to compete with my other 17 teammates.” After years of rigorous training, Wang was selected for the Shenzhou-19 mission. On October 29, 2024, she was introduced to the public. She spent 183 days in orbit, carrying out 86 scientific experiments, video- calling students from Bulgaria, and introducing an AI assistant named “Xiaohang” to help with daily tasks. On April 30,2025, she returned to Earth safely. Reflecting on her journey, Wang said: “From being a rocket engine designer to a space engineer, my role has evolved, yet my unwavering commitment to serving my country through space exploration remains the same.” Her story is powerful evidence of what determination and hard work can achieve. 4. Why is Wang’s mother mentioned in paragraph 1? A. To show the source of Wang's interest. B. To emphasize family influence on Wang’s character. C. To show off Wang's childhood. D. To illustrate Wang's original dream. 5. What was Wang’s choice after earning her master’s degree? A. To become a teacher. B. To work as a researcher. C. To train as an astronaut. D. To further study abroad. 6. How can we describe Wang’s training as an astronaut? A. Exhausting but fascinating. B. Painful and boring. C. Challenging but rewarding. D. Competitive and dangerous. 7. Which of the following is TRUE about Wang’s Shenzhou-19 mission? A. She spent more than 5 months in orbit. B. She set a new record for the longest space stay. C. She developed a new AI assistant called “Xiaohang”. D. She lectured to students face to face. 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了中国首位女航天工程师王浩泽的成长历程与航天成就。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的句子“Born in 1990 in Hebei province, Wang Haoze, China’s first female space flight engineer, grew up with a strong belief from her mother that‘there is nothing a girl cannot do.’ This has contributed a lot to her growth, shaping her character and fueling her ambition.(中国首位女航天工程师王浩泽于1990年出生在河北省，她成长过程中母亲给了她一个坚定信念：“女孩没有做不到的事”。这对她的成长帮助很大，塑造了她的性格，也激发了她的抱负)”可知，提到王浩泽的母亲是为了强调家庭对她性格的影响。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的句子“After earning her master’s degree from Southeast University, Wang joined the Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute in 2015, engaged in rocket engine pre-research.(从东南大学获得硕士学位后，王浩泽于2015年加入北京航天动力研究所，从事火箭发动机预研工作)”可知，王浩泽获得硕士学位后选择成为一名研究员。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的句子“The training included exhausting physical conditioning, psychological training and space environment simulations. During centrifuge (离心机) tests, Wang endured forces six times her body weight, with her hands resting on a red button that could stop the machine at any moment. Not once did she press it.(训练包括令人筋疲力尽的体能训练、心理训练和太空环境模拟。在离心机测试中，王浩泽承受着相当于自身体重六倍的力量，她的手放在一个可以随时停止机器的红色按钮上，但她一次也没有按下它)”以及第四段中的句子“After years of rigorous training, Wang was selected for the Shenzhou-19 mission.(经过多年的严格训练，王浩泽入选神舟十九号任务)”可知，王浩泽的宇航员训练充满挑战，但最终获得了回报。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的句子“She spent 183 days in orbit, carrying out 86 scientific experiments, video- calling students from Bulgaria, and introducing an AI assistant named “Xiaohang” to help with daily tasks.(她在轨道上度过了183天，进行了86项科学实验，与保加利亚的学生进行视频通话，并介绍了一个名为“小航”的人工智能助手来帮助处理日常任务)”可知，183天约为6个月，她在轨道上度过了5个多月的时间。 C Climate-driving migration (迁徙) is often viewed as a modern crisis, but history tells a different story. An interdisciplinary team of researchers from the University of Basel has shown that large-scale environmental instability shaped societies more than a thousand years ago. Their study examined how severe hydrological (水文学的) extremes such as prolonged droughts and destructive floods in the late Tang Dynasty influenced political stability in China. The research focused on northern China, particularly the region surrounding the Yellow River, an area central to agriculture, transportation, and political power. To understand how the climate shifted during this critical period, scientists turned to natural archives (档案) — tree rings. In wetter years, sufficient rainfall allows trees to grow more quickly, producing wider rings. In dry years, growth slows, leaving narrower rings. The longer a tree lives, the further back this environmental record extends, offering a detailed timeline of past climate conditions. The team relied on long-term tree ring datasets from the Yellow River basin to reconstruct historical runoff (径流量) patterns, which directly affected farming. Their findings revealed that a rise in severe weather events played a part in the fall of the Tang Dynasty in 907 CE. More frequent droughts and floods placed intense pressure on the soldiers responsible for defending the frontiers, as well as on their families. Crop failures became common due to extreme weather. With shortages mounting, supply routes collapsing, and hunger spreading, many people migrated south in search of better conditions, leading to political destabilization and contributing to the Tang Dynasty’s fall. However, the study’s first author Michael Kempf emphasizes, “Our results are approximations (近似值). The actual conditions at that time cannot be reconstructed with certainty. It’s a complex interplay of many different factors.” The study concluded that environmental phenomena and their consequences can disrupt social structures and destabilize political systems. This is a development that could occur more frequently in view of climate change today. 8. What is the main purpose of the study? A. To question tree rings for climate research. B. To predict the potential new climate crises. C. To link climate change to political changes. D. To analyse the reason for ancient migration. 9. How did the researchers get climate data of the Tang Dynasty? A. By studying ancient trees’ growth patterns. B. By surveying the ancient migration routes. C. By analyzing official historical documents. D. By examining the remains of ancient crops. 10. What did the research find about the role of climate in the late Tang Dynasty? A. It was the major reason for the dynasty’s collapse. B. It physically destroyed most of its frontier defence. C. It directly resulted in the weakening of the dynasty. D. It set off a chain of events causing the dynasty’s fall. 11. What does Michael Kempf think of the findings? A. They overstate environmental roles. B. They are estimates and require care. C. They ignore Tang’s social structures. D. They are accurate and widely applicable. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了研究通过树木年轮发现，唐末极端气候引发粮食减产、人口南迁等连锁反应，加剧社会动荡并加速唐朝灭亡，结论仅为近似值。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Their study examined how severe hydrological (水文学的) extremes such as prolonged droughts and destructive floods in the late Tang Dynasty influenced political stability in China.(他们的研究考察了晚唐时期诸如长期干旱和破坏性洪水等严重的水文现象如何影响了中国的政治稳定状况)”可知，这项研究的主要目的是将气候变化与政治变化联系起来。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“To understand how the climate shifted during this critical period, scientists turned to natural archives (档案) — tree rings.(为了弄清楚在这一关键时期气候是如何变化的，科学家们借助了自然记录——树木年轮)”以及“The team relied on long-term tree ring datasets from the Yellow River basin to reconstruct historical runoff (径流量) patterns, which directly affected farming.(该团队利用了来自黄河流域的长期树木年轮数据集来重建历史径流量模式，这些径流量直接影响着农业生产)”可知，研究人员通过研究古树的生长规律获取唐朝时期的气候数据。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Their findings revealed that a rise in severe weather events played a part in the fall of the Tang Dynasty in 907 CE. More frequent droughts and floods placed intense pressure on the soldiers responsible for defending the frontiers, as well as on their families. Crop failures became common due to extreme weather. With shortages mounting, supply routes collapsing, and hunger spreading, many people migrated south in search of better conditions, leading to political destabilization and contributing to the Tang Dynasty’s fall.(他们的研究结果表明，严重的天气事件的增多是唐朝于公元907年灭亡的一个重要原因。频繁发生的干旱和洪水给负责守卫边境的士兵及其家人带来了巨大的压力。由于极端天气导致农作物歉收，这种情况变得十分普遍。随着物资短缺加剧、补给路线中断以及饥饿蔓延，许多人南迁以寻求更好的生活条件，这导致了政治的不稳定，并促成了唐朝的灭亡)”可知，这项研究发现晚唐时期气候引发了一系列事件，导致了这个朝代的灭亡。故选D。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Our results are approximations (近似值). The actual conditions at that time cannot be reconstructed with certainty.(我们的结果属于近似值。当时的具体情况无法完全确定地重现出来)”可知，迈克尔·肯普夫认为这些发现只是估计值，需要谨慎对待。故选B。 D Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York. HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they’re close to a solution(解决方案). “We don’t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold, a project manager. “There are no tests,” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than ‘Are you working towards your goal?’ Basically, it’s ‘I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and...it’s not a very nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review of your product.” Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach.” And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space. 12. What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station? A. They are hard to get rid of. B. They lead to air pollution. C. They appear in different forms. D. They damage the instruments. 13. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program? A. To strengthen teacher-student relationships. B. To sharpen students’ communication skills. C. To allow students to experience zero gravity. D. To link space technology with school education. 14. What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program? A. Check their product. B. Guide project designs. C. Adjust work schedules. D. Grade their homework. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. NASA: The Home of Astronauts B. Space: The Final Homework Frontier C. Nature: An Outdoor Classroom D. HUNCH: A College Admission Reform 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【分析】本文为说明文。本文介绍了美国国家航空航天局的HUNCH计划。参与这个计划的高中生制作供美国国家航空航天局使用的产品，此计划的目的是把航天技术与学校教育结合起来，把空间技术与带进课堂，与学校教育相结合，这项计划实施结果显示会影响到学生的生活和大学录取。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Bacteria are annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms form our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.可知，细菌对宇航员来说是个令人讨厌的问题。这种来自我们身体的微生物在国际空间站的表面不受控制地生长，宇航员每周要花几个小时来清理它们。也就是说它们很难去掉。其中的“the microorganisms”包括“bacteria”。由此可知， A项正确。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they’re close to a solution(解决方案).可知，HUNCH旨在把高中教室和NASA的工程师联系起来。Gordon的学生一直在研究如何在零重力下杀死细菌；结合最后一段中的Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.可知，学生每天都给NASA的工程师发邮件一起探讨（如何杀死空间站的细菌这一空间技术）这个问题。由此可推断出HUNCH program的目的把空间技术与学校教育相结合。故D项正确。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and...it’s not a very nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review of your product.”可知，NASA的工程师会亲自审核学生们所做的产品。故A项正确。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章以国际空间站里的微生物很难清除开头，引出宇航员们解决此问题的途径——借助美国国家航空航天局的HUNCH高中班，此计划的目的是把航天技术与学校教育结合起来。在这项计划里，学生们通过homework（制作供美国国家航空航天局使用的产品）探索无疆的太空，因此“太空：最后的功课疆域”最适合做文章的标题。故选B。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As a student of Chinese language and culture, I was introduced to many fascinating aspects of the country’s culinary (烹饪的) heritage. One dish that particularly stood out in my studies was Crossing Brıdge Rice Noodles, a specialty from Yunnan Province. In 2024, when I traveled to Yunnan, I finally experienced this famous dish firsthand. ___16___ Walking into a traditional Yunnan restaurant and settling down, I felt anticipation that only a long-awaited experience can bring. ___17___ Each ingredient was presented separately, allowing me to assemble my bowl according to my preference. The waiter placed a large bowl of hot broth (肉汤) in front of me, followed by thinly sliced meats, fresh vegetables, quail eggs, tofu skin, and herbs. Then, the most exciting part came: white, smooth, and silky rice noodles. Following the traditional method, I first added the raw meat slices into the hot broth, watching them cook instantly. Then, I added the vegetables, tofu and eggs, letting them blend into the broth. ___18___ As I lifted the noodles with my chopsticks, their delicate texture was evident — soft, yet firm enough to hold their shape. ___19___ The broth, made from slow-simmered chicken and pork bones, was rich and deeply comforting. The rice noodles were incredibly smooth, almost jellylike, yet with a satisfying chewiness. The combination of fresh ingredients created a balance of textures — tender meat, crisp vegetables, and silky noodles, all coming together harmoniously. Trying the dish in Yunnan was an experience that connected me to China’s rich culinary heritage and reaffirmed (再次确定) the deep bond between food and culture. This dish, with its rich broth, silky noodles, and heartwarming service, is a representation of the beauty of Chinese cuisine. ___20___ A. The first bite was an explosion of flavors. B. The dish was served in a traditional manner. C. The experience was nothing short of extraordinary. D. While studying in Beijing, I often heard about the dish. E. Finally, I carefully placed the rice noodles into the bowl. F. What amazed me the most was how familiar the flavors felt. G. And now, it holds a special place in my personal journey as well. 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. E 19. A 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为中国文化学习者，在云南亲身体验过桥米线的过程与感受。 【16题详解】 前文“In 2024, when I traveled to Yunnan, I finally experienced this famous dish firsthand.(在 2024 年，当我前往云南旅行时，我终于亲身体验到了这道著名的菜肴)”讲终于亲身品尝过桥米线，此处顺承表达此次体验的整体感受，引出下文就餐细节。C选项“The experience was nothing short of extraordinary.(这次体验简直堪称非凡)” 既承接上文提到的亲身体验，又引出下文体验的过程与感受。故选C项。 【17题详解】 后文“Each ingredient was presented separately, allowing me to assemble my bowl according to my preference. The waiter placed a large bowl of hot broth(肉汤) in front of me, followed by thinly sliced meats, fresh vegetables, quail eggs, tofu skin, and herbs.(每种食材都是单独摆放的，让我可以根据自己的喜好来组装碗中的食物。服务员把一大碗热汤放在我的面前，接着是切得薄薄的肉类、新鲜的蔬菜、鹌鹑蛋、豆腐皮和香草)”详细描述上菜的传统流程，该句总起上菜方式，衔接下文。B选项“The dish was served in a traditional manner.(这道菜是以传统的方式呈上的)”引出下文对上菜方式的具体描写。故选B项。 【18题详解】 上文“Following the traditional method, I first added the raw meat slices into the hot broth, watching them cook instantly. Then, I added the vegetables, tofu and eggs, letting them blend into the broth.(按照传统的方法，我首先将生肉片放入热汤中，看着它们立刻煮熟。然后，我加入蔬菜、豆腐和鸡蛋，让它们与汤汁融合在一起。)”描述了作者依次加入肉片、蔬菜等食材的过程。E选项“Finally, I carefully placed the rice noodles into the bowl.( 最后，我小心翼翼地将米粉放入碗中)”符合食用过桥米线的顺序，且Finally与上文的 first、Then形成时间逻辑链。故选E项。 【19题详解】 下文“The broth, made from slow-simmered chicken and pork bones, was rich and deeply comforting. The rice noodles were incredibly smooth, almost jellylike, yet with a satisfying chewiness.(这道汤汁由慢炖的鸡骨和猪骨熬制而成，味道浓郁且令人倍感温暖。米粉滑润无比，近乎凝胶状，但又有着令人满意的嚼劲)”从肉汤、米线、食材口感等多个维度详细描述了作者品尝过桥米线时的味觉感受。A选项“The first bite was an explosion of flavors.(第一口食物便是一股浓郁的味觉冲击)”引出下文的描述。故选A项。 【20题详解】 上文“Trying the dish in Yunnan was an experience that connected me to China’s rich culinary heritage and reaffirmed (再次确定) the deep bond between food and culture. This dish, with its rich broth, silky noodles, and heartwarming service, is a representation of the beauty of Chinese cuisine.(在云南品尝这道菜，让我与中国的丰富饮食文化产生了联系，并再次确认了食物与文化之间深厚的联系。这道菜凭借其浓郁的汤汁、柔滑的米粉和温馨的服务，展现了中国美食的美妙之处)”总结了这道美食展现了中国饮食之美。G选项“And now, it holds a special place in my personal journey as well.( 而如今，它在我的个人经历中也占据了一席之地)”升华了个人情感，与文章开头作者作为文化学习者的身份呼应。故选G项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Hidden deep in the jungle of Colombia sits Ciudad Perdida, the “Lost City”, which is more than 600 years older than Machu Picchu. There are no trains or buses allowing for ____21____ travels to reach its ruins. The only way to ____22____ its beauty firsthand is on foot: a tough multi-day hike. Despite this, I couldn’t ____23____the opportunity to visit Ciudad Perdida. Twelve other hikers and I went there in ____24____ with a licensed guide. The dirt path, which ____25____ through towering palms and dangling vines (垂落的藤蔓), proved ____26____ right from the start. Along the way we also met the ____27____. They had been left undisturbed for centuries and there was a deep ____28____ between them and the land. The next morning, we were off early to ____29____ the heat, but the high temperature and muscle pain had already ____30____ by the time we reached the final stage — 1,200 stone steps to ____31____. After I finally lifted my painful body up the long flight of stairs, my eyes intently rested on the scene that had ____32____ the back-breaking journey: Ciudad Perdida. Sitting on one of the highest terraces (台阶), I looked down and admired the beautiful site below. Although I had already ____33____ my goal, the experience was one I would do ____34____. It was the challenge that made the journey a more ____35____ one. Earned views were always better. 21. A. long B. easy C. frequent D. endless 22. A. imagine B. witness C. remember D. ignore 23. A. grasp B. obtain C. promote D. resist 24. A. company B. combination C. harmony D. communication 25. A. broke B. searched C. wound D. pulled 26. A. disappointing B. embarrassing C. amazing D. challenging 27. A. researchers B. visitors C. natives D. foreigners 28. A. bond B. distinction C. similarity D. conflict 29. A. dismiss B. avoid C. test D. abandon 30. A. won out B. stood out C. set in D. gone off 31. A. construct B. pick C. cover D. count 32. A. suspended B. predicted C. simplified D. motivated- 33. A. fixed B. overcome C. memorized D. accomplished 34. A. again B. otherwise C. though D. instead 35. A. sensitive B. rewarding C. popular D. flexible 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】主要讲述了作者徒步前往哥伦比亚丛林深处的“失落之城”Ciudad Perdida的经历，尽管路途充满挑战，但最终到达后的美景让作者觉得一切努力都很值得。 【21题详解】 考查形容词。句意：没有火车或公共汽车能让你轻松到达它的废墟。A. long长的；B. easy容易的；C. frequent频繁的；D. endless无尽的。根据后文“The only way to____its beauty firsthand is on foot: a tough multi-day hike.”可知，只能徒步且路途艰难，所以没有便捷的交通方式。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：要亲眼目睹它的美丽，唯一的方法就是徒步：一次艰难的多日徒步旅行。A. imagine想象；B. witness目睹；C. remember记住；D. ignore忽视。根据后文“its beauty firsthand”可知，这里指亲眼看到“失落之城”的美丽。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：尽管如此，我还是无法抗拒去参观Ciudad Perdida 的机会。A. grasp抓住；B. obtain获得；C. promote促进；D. resist抗拒。根据前文“Despite this”以及后文作者去参观了可知，作者无法抗拒这个机会。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：我和其他12名徒步旅行者在一名有执照的导游陪同下前往那里。A. company陪伴；B. combination结合；C. harmony和谐；D. communication交流。根据后文“with a licensed guide”可知，这里指和导游一起去，in company with“与……一起”。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这条土路蜿蜒穿过高耸的棕榈树和垂落的藤蔓，从一开始就充满挑战。A. broke打破；B. searched搜索；C. wound蜿蜒前行；D. pulled拉。根据前文“The dirt path”以及下文“hrough towering palms and dangling vines (垂落的藤蔓)”可知，这里形容土路在丛林中蜿蜒。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这条土路蜿蜒穿过高耸的棕榈树和垂落的藤蔓，从一开始就充满挑战。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. embarrassing尴尬的；C. amazing令人惊奇的；D. challenging具有挑战性的。根据后文“the high temperature and muscle pain”等可知，路途充满挑战。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：一路上我们还遇到了当地人。A. researchers研究人员；B. visitors游客；C. natives当地人；D. foreigners外国人。根据后文“They had been left undisturbed for centuries”可知，在徒步途中遇到的应该是当地人。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们几个世纪以来都未受干扰，他们与这片土地有着深厚的联系。A. bond联系；B. distinction区别；C. similarity相似之处；D. conflict冲突。根据上文“They had been left undisturbed for centuries”和后文“between them and the land.”可知，这里指当地人与土地有深厚联系。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：第二天早上，我们很早就出发以避开高温，但当我们到达最后阶段——要走完1200级石阶时，高温和肌肉疼痛已经开始出现。A. dismiss解散；B. avoid避开；C. test测试；D. abandon放弃。根据前文“The next morning, we were off early”可知，早上早点出发是为了避开高温。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：第二天早上，我们很早就出发以避开高温，但当我们到达最后阶段——要走完1200级石阶时，高温和肌肉疼痛已经开始出现。A. won out获胜；B. stood out突出；C. set in开始；D. gone off离开。根据后文“by the time we reached the final stage”可知，这里指高温和疼痛开始出现。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：第二天早上，我们很早就出发以避开高温，但当我们到达最后阶段——要走完1200级石阶时，高温和肌肉疼痛已经开始出现。A. construct建造；B. pick挑选；C. cover行走（一段路程）；D. count数数。根据前文“1,200 stone steps”这里指要走完1200级石阶，cover有“行走（一段路程）”之意。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：当我终于拖着疼痛的身体爬上长长的楼梯后，我的目光专注地落在了激励我完成这艰难旅程的景象上：Ciudad Perdida。A. suspended暂停；B. predicted预测；C. simplified简化；D. motivated激励。根据后文“the back-breaking journey: Ciudad Perdida”可知，“失落之城”的美景激励作者完成艰难旅程。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：虽然我已经实现了我的目标，但这次经历是我还想再体验一次的。A. fixed固定；B. overcome克服；C. memorized记住；D. accomplished实现。根据前文“Sitting on one of the highest terraces (台阶), I looked down and admired the beautiful site below.”可知，到达“失落之城”，作者实现了目标。 【34题详解】 考查副词。句意：虽然我已经实现了我的目标，但这次经历是我还想再体验一次的。A. again再一次；B. otherwise否则；C. though然而；D. instead代替。结合语境可知，此处指作者觉得这次经历很棒，还想再来一次。 【35题详解】 考查形容词。句意：正是挑战让这次旅程更有意义。A. sensitive敏感的；B. rewarding有意义的，值得的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. flexible灵活的。根据前文“the challenge”可知，因为挑战，让旅程更有意义。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 UNESCO is fighting to preserve the world’s cultural and natural heritage. There are ____36____ (current) around 1,100 sites in over 160 countries. Unfortunately, many are in urgent danger due to natural forces, human activities, and rapid development. Natural forces like wind and water gradually wear down heritage sites. For example, the Great Pyramid of Giza is now several metres ____37____ (short) than before. Natural disasters can also cause severe damage. In 2003, a terrible earthquake ____38____ (shake) south-eastern Iran and ruined large parts of Bam, a UNESCO site. Human activities are particularly harmful. Wars, whether accidental ____39____ on purpose, have destroyed invaluable heritage sites. Meanwhile, the flood of tourists leads to wear and tear. The temples of Angkor are classic examples ____40____ unique architecture. Thousands of tourists climbing the stone steps every day are wearing down these ancient buildings. Human population growth ____41____ (increase) the demand for production and consumption of goods, thus ____42____ (put) heritage sites in danger. The Historic Centre of Vienna, ____43____ is famous as Europe’s musical capital, is now on the List of World Heritage in Danger because of high-rise constructions. ____44____ surprises us most is that the disappearance of heritage sites would be disastrous. Take the Great Barrier Reef as an example. Its loss would harm marine life and destroy local livelihoods. We all share a joint responsibility to protect these treasures. Let’s take action to ensure their ____45____ (survive). 【答案】36. currently 37. shorter 38. shook 39. or 40. of 41. increases 42. putting 43. which 44. What 45. survival 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了联合国教科文组织保护世界文化和自然遗产的相关情况，以及遗产面临的各类威胁与保护的重要性。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：目前，160多个国家大约有1100处遗址。此处修饰整个句子，需用副词形式作状语，current是形容词，其副词形式为currently。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：例如，吉萨大金字塔现在比以前矮了几米。由空后than可知，此处需用形容词short的比较级形式shorter。 【38题详解】 考查时态。句意：2003年，一场可怕的地震袭击了伊朗东南部，摧毁了联合国教科文组织遗址巴姆的大部分地区。根据时间状语In 2003可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时，shake的过去式为shook。 【39题详解】 考查连词。句意：战争，无论是意外的还是故意的，都摧毁了无价的遗产遗址。whether... or... 是固定搭配，表示“无论……还是……”。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：吴哥窟的寺庙是独特建筑的典型例子。examples of... 是固定搭配，表示“……的例子”，此处用介词of表示所属关系。 【41题详解】 考查主谓一致。句意：人口增长增加了商品生产和消费的需求，从而使遗产遗址处于危险之中。此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语Human population growth为单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式increases。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：人口增长增加了商品生产和消费的需求，从而使遗产遗址处于危险之中。本句已有谓语动词increases，此处需用非谓语动词形式，此处表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，put的现在分词形式为putting。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：以欧洲音乐之都闻名的维也纳历史中心，由于高层建筑建设，现在被列入世界濒危遗产名录。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为The Historic Centre of Vienna，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。 【44题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：最让我们惊讶的是，遗产遗址的消失将是灾难性的。此处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的事情/东西”，需用连接代词what引导，句首单词首字母需大写。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：让我们采取行动确保它们的生存。空前有形容词性物主代词their修饰，此处需用名词形式，survive是动词，其名词形式为survival，在句中作宾语。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给 Jim回信，内容包括： (1)该人物的简要介绍； (2)你喜欢该人物的原因。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； (3)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jim, It's great to hear from you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】【参考范文1】 Dear Jim, It’s great to hear from you. Knowing that you take a strong interest in Chinese historical figures, I’d like to talk about Zheng He, a distinguished navigator in the Ming Dynasty. Leading seven official voyages overseas, Zheng He traveled to many countries, promoting cultural exchange and friendly cooperation between China and foreign nations. I truly admire him because he was courageous and responsible. It is obvious that his great deeds have left a deep impression on people at home and abroad. Interested in knowing more? I can find you some books! Just let me know. Yours, Li Hua 【参考范文 2】 Dear Jim, It’s great to hear from you. Glad to know that you want to learn about Chinese history, I feel honored to introduce Zeng Guofan, an outstanding statesman in the Qing Dynasty. Devoting himself to national development and education, Zeng Guofan made great efforts to bring positive changes to the whole country. The reason why I like him is that he kept strict self-discipline and lifelong learning. His noble quality encourages me to improve myself constantly. I hope you enjoy learning about him. Let me know if you want to know more! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本文要求考生以李华的身份，给英国朋友Jim回信，介绍一位自己喜欢的中国历史人物，并说明喜欢该人物的原因(范文1)。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 杰出的：distinguished → outstanding 促进：promote → advance 勇敢的：courageous → brave 明显的：obvious → apparent 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Leading seven official voyages overseas, Zheng He traveled to many countries, promoting cultural exchange and friendly cooperation between China and foreign nations. 拓展句：Leading seven official voyages overseas, Zheng He traveled to many countries, which promoted cultural exchange and friendly cooperation between China and foreign nations. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】Knowing that you take a strong interest in Chinese historical figures, I'd like to talk about Zheng He, a distinguished navigator in the Ming Dynasty. (运用了现在分词Knowing作状语和that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型 2】It is obvious that his great deeds have left a deep impression on people at home and abroad. (运用了it作形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The English writing competition drew near. Jack, who had always struggled to put his thoughts into coherent words, determined to turn to AI for help. He simply input the given theme of the competition, added a few key words, and hit “generate”. Much to his delight, in less than 5 minutes, the screen lit up. A vivid and well-structured essay was presented. Jack was amazed by how effortlessly the well-chosen words flowed on the page. Without a second thought, Jack signed his name and submitted the piece, ignoring the tiny voice of guilt from the bottom of his heart. His essay stood out among hundreds of entries and was selected to represent the school in the municipal-level contest. When his English teacher, Ms. Cathy, called him to her office, Jack’s heart skipped a beat. With a gentle but firm tone, Ms. Cathy looked straight into his eyes and asked, “Jack, I need you to tell me the truth — did you write this essay entirely on your own?” The question hung in the air, heavy and inescapable. Jack’s mind went blank for a moment. The thought of losing the chance to compete, of being laughed at by his classmates for cheating, overwhelmed him. Taking a shaky breath, he kept his eyes off the teacher and nodded, “Yes, Ms. Cathy. Every word is mine.” Ms. Cathy nodded, seemingly satisfied, and patted his shoulder, “That’s great. Your genuine hard work will pay off. This essay has a unique perspective, and I’m sure it will shine at the municipal contest.” But Jack didn’t feel any joy. On the contrary, a sense of guilt weighed heavily on him. That night, he tossed and turned in bed, unable to fall asleep. The lie he had told kept echoing in his ears. He thought about Ms. Cathy’s trusting eyes, about the meaning of the competition, and about how proud he would have felt if he had written the essay himself. He was torn between the fear of being exposed and the desire to do the right thing. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next morning, Jack went back to the teacher’s office. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Encouraged by Ms. Cathy, Jack decided to rewrite on his own. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The next morning, Jack went back to the teacher’s office. His hands trembled as he knocked on the door. When Ms. Cathy looked up, he took a deep breath and confessed, “I didn’t write the essay myself — I used AI.” Tears welled up in his eyes as he explained his struggle with writing and his regret. To his surprise, Ms. Cathy smiled gently. “Honesty takes courage, Jack,” she said. “The competition is about growth, not just winning.” Her words, calm yet powerful, gave him the courage to face his own weakness. Encouraged by Ms. Cathy, Jack decided to rewrite on his own. Sitting at his desk that afternoon, he stared at the blank paper for a long time before finally picking up his pen. The words came slowly and imperfectly, but they were truly his. After several revisions, he completed the essay and felt a sense of relief he had never experienced before. When he showed it to Ms. Cathy, she smiled with approval. At that moment, Jack realized that true success lay not in winning a prize, but in having the courage to be honest and trust himself. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了写作一直很吃力的Jack在英语写作比赛中借助AI生成了一篇获奖作文，却因向老师撒谎而陷入愧疚与挣扎，最终鼓起勇气承认错误，并在老师的鼓励下重新创作、领悟成长真谛的故事。 【详解】 1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写Jack来到办公室后，向Ms. Cathy坦白自己使用AI写作的事实、内心的挣扎与愧疚，以及老师温柔的回应与引导。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写Jack独自创作的过程、从无从下笔到反复修改，完成后的真实感受，以及这次经历让他明白的道理。 2. 续写线索：坦白真相→ 老师谅解与引导→ 决定重写→ 独自创作修改→ 完成作文→ 领悟成长真谛 3.词汇激活 行为类 ① 承认：confess/admit ② 解释：explain/clarify ③ 完成：complete/accomplish 情绪类 ① 惊讶：surprise/astonishment ② 宽慰：relief/comfort 【点睛】【高分句型1】Tears welled up in his eyes as he explained his struggle with writing and his regret.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】Sitting at his desk that afternoon, he stared at the blank paper for a long time before finally picking up his pen.(运用了现在分词短语Sitting at his desk that afternoon作状语和动名词短语picking up his pen作宾语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二下学期期中考试 英语 时量：120分钟 满分:150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上白案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每对话读两遍。 1. What do we know about Dr Jason? A. He works in an ecology company. B. He has a deep understanding of ecology. C. He wrote many popular science books. 2. Why does the man have to pack carefully? A. To save more time for cleaning. B. To make sure nothing gets damaged. C. To make sure nothing gets forgotten. 3. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Wait for her. B. Move forward C. Wait in line. 4. What was the meeting like? A. It was boring. B. It was productive. C. It was inefficient. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She likes her job. B. The job is annoying. C. Kids are often troublesome. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is most probably the man A. A teacher. B. A student. C. A physicist. 7. Why doesn't Karen teach physics? A. She has no opportunity. B. She isn't interested in teaching. C. She doesn't think she's qualified. 听第7段材料，回答第8至 10题。 8. What does the woman want to do? A. Rent a house. B. Get a loan. C. Get her credit report. 9. How many years of tax returns does the woman need to provide? A.5. B.3. C.1. 10. What does the woman probably mean in the end? A. She has a lot of information in her emails. B. She can't give the man more information. C. The man is asking for too much information. 听第8段材料，回答第11 至13题。 11. Where did the woman go last week? A. To a concert. B. To a friend's house. C. To a clothing store with Laura. 12. Why did the woman fall the second time? A. She tripped on some steps. B. Her foot got caught by her skirt. C. She looked up at the sky while walking. 13. How is the woman now? A. Her nose doesn't hurt. B. Her nose is broken. C. She has a headache. 听第9段材料，回答第14 至 16题。 14. What was the woman responsible for in her last job? A. Management. B. Translation. C. Marketing. 15 What benefited the woman a lot during her business trip to. China? A. Her language skills. B. Her professional skills. C. Her meetings with key people. 16. What does the woman like best about this job? A. Train travel. B. Plane travel. C. High salary. 听第10段材料，回答第17 至 20题。 17. When were the first amusement parks built in the US? A. In the 1700s. B. In the 1800s. C. In the 1900s. 18. What does the speaker say about Coney Island? A It doesn't appeal to people today. B. It was popular with the rich in the beginning C. It attracted the working class in the late 1900s. 19. What does the entrance fee cover in most US theme parks? A. Gifts and souvenirs. B. Shows and rides C. Food and drinks. 20. What is the talk mainly about? A. Amusement parks in Coney Island. B. The facilities in US amusement parks. C. The development of US amusement parks. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A recent landing on the moon has awakened or renewed people’s enthusiasm for the stars and space exploration. Here are four trip ideas to inspire those would-be astronauts and astronomers. Pic du Midi, France There are few observatories where you can observe stars before retiring to a comfortable cabin and watch the sunrise. Getting to the Pic du Midi Observatory is also an adventure in itself, involving a ride on two cable cars up to a 2,877-meter-high mountain. The guided astronomy sessions help kids discover Saturn and its rings via powerful telescopes. North York Moors, England As an International Dark Sky Reserve in the world, this lovely part of Yorkshire, England plays host to one of the UK’s family-friendly National Parks Dark Skies Festivals. Well timed to coincide with the latter part of autumn half term in England, the North York Moors Dark Skies Fringe Festival includes bat box making, evenings with winter birds and moonlit coastal walks. Kennedy Space Center, America The NASA-operated Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex is a must for ambitious astronauts and space-lovers. Hands-on experiences range from live presentations delivered by astronauts to the new Astronaut Training Experience Center. Children aged10 to 17 can experience spacewalking and exploring Mars. Mount Teide, Spain Home to the largest solar observatory in the world, it sits on Spain’s highest mountain. Ride the cable car up for a scientist-led tour, which includes the chance to observe the sun through hand-held solar telescopes. The special family tour includes an attractive 90-minute workshop exploring how observatory physicists carry out their research. 1. Which trip suits the visitors expecting the sea view at night? A. Pic du Midi. B. Mount Teide. C. North York Moors. D. Kennedy Space Center. 2. What activity can visitors do at Kennedy Space Center? A. Make a bat box. B. Contact astronauts. C. Attend a scientist-led tour. D. Observe the rings of Saturn. 3. What do Pic du Midi and Mount Teide have in common? A. They accommodate family tourists. B. They include a tour led by scientists. C. They offer free hand-held telescopes. D. They are located on high mountains. B Born in 1990 in Hebei province, Wang Haoze, China’s first female space flight engineer, grew up with a strong belief from her mother that “there is nothing a girl cannot do.” This has contributed a lot to her growth, shaping her character and fueling her ambition. After earning her master’s degree from Southeast University, Wang joined the Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute in 2015, engaged in rocket engine pre-research. When China began the process to select its third group of astronauts in 2018, she seized the opportunity and applied. Transitioning from an engineer to an astronaut required not only technical knowledge and skills but also outstanding adaptability, physical fitness and mental resilience. The training included exhausting physical conditioning, psychological training and space environment simulations. During centrifuge (离心机) tests, Wang endured forces six times her body weight, with her hands resting on a red button that could stop the machine at any moment. Not once did she press it. “I am the only woman among the country's third group of astronauts,” she says, “and I don’t think I should receive special treatment. I had the competence and confidence to compete with my other 17 teammates.” After years of rigorous training, Wang was selected for the Shenzhou-19 mission. On October 29, 2024, she was introduced to the public. She spent 183 days in orbit, carrying out 86 scientific experiments, video- calling students from Bulgaria, and introducing an AI assistant named “Xiaohang” to help with daily tasks. On April 30,2025, she returned to Earth safely. Reflecting on her journey, Wang said: “From being a rocket engine designer to a space engineer, my role has evolved, yet my unwavering commitment to serving my country through space exploration remains the same.” Her story is powerful evidence of what determination and hard work can achieve. 4. Why is Wang’s mother mentioned in paragraph 1? A. To show the source of Wang's interest. B. To emphasize family influence on Wang’s character. C. To show off Wang's childhood. D. To illustrate Wang's original dream. 5. What was Wang’s choice after earning her master’s degree? A. To become a teacher. B. To work as a researcher. C. To train as an astronaut. D. To further study abroad. 6. How can we describe Wang’s training as an astronaut? A. Exhausting but fascinating. B. Painful and boring. C. Challenging but rewarding. D. Competitive and dangerous. 7. Which of the following is TRUE about Wang’s Shenzhou-19 mission? A. She spent more than 5 months in orbit. B. She set a new record for the longest space stay. C. She developed a new AI assistant called “Xiaohang”. D. She lectured to students face to face. C Climate-driving migration (迁徙) is often viewed as a modern crisis, but history tells a different story. An interdisciplinary team of researchers from the University of Basel has shown that large-scale environmental instability shaped societies more than a thousand years ago. Their study examined how severe hydrological (水文学的) extremes such as prolonged droughts and destructive floods in the late Tang Dynasty influenced political stability in China. The research focused on northern China, particularly the region surrounding the Yellow River, an area central to agriculture, transportation, and political power. To understand how the climate shifted during this critical period, scientists turned to natural archives (档案) — tree rings. In wetter years, sufficient rainfall allows trees to grow more quickly, producing wider rings. In dry years, growth slows, leaving narrower rings. The longer a tree lives, the further back this environmental record extends, offering a detailed timeline of past climate conditions. The team relied on long-term tree ring datasets from the Yellow River basin to reconstruct historical runoff (径流量) patterns, which directly affected farming. Their findings revealed that a rise in severe weather events played a part in the fall of the Tang Dynasty in 907 CE. More frequent droughts and floods placed intense pressure on the soldiers responsible for defending the frontiers, as well as on their families. Crop failures became common due to extreme weather. With shortages mounting, supply routes collapsing, and hunger spreading, many people migrated south in search of better conditions, leading to political destabilization and contributing to the Tang Dynasty’s fall. However, the study’s first author Michael Kempf emphasizes, “Our results are approximations (近似值). The actual conditions at that time cannot be reconstructed with certainty. It’s a complex interplay of many different factors.” The study concluded that environmental phenomena and their consequences can disrupt social structures and destabilize political systems. This is a development that could occur more frequently in view of climate change today. 8. What is the main purpose of the study? A. To question tree rings for climate research. B. To predict the potential new climate crises. C. To link climate change to political changes. D. To analyse the reason for ancient migration. 9. How did the researchers get climate data of the Tang Dynasty? A. By studying ancient trees’ growth patterns. B. By surveying the ancient migration routes. C. By analyzing official historical documents. D. By examining the remains of ancient crops. 10. What did the research find about the role of climate in the late Tang Dynasty? A. It was the major reason for the dynasty’s collapse. B. It physically destroyed most of its frontier defence. C. It directly resulted in the weakening of the dynasty. D. It set off a chain of events causing the dynasty’s fall. 11. What does Michael Kempf think of the findings? A. They overstate environmental roles. B. They are estimates and require care. C. They ignore Tang’s social structures. D. They are accurate and widely applicable. D Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York. HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they’re close to a solution(解决方案). “We don’t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold, a project manager. “There are no tests,” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than ‘Are you working towards your goal?’ Basically, it’s ‘I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and...it’s not a very nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review of your product.” Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach.” And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space. 12. What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station? A. They are hard to get rid of. B. They lead to air pollution. C. They appear in different forms. D. They damage the instruments. 13. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program? A. To strengthen teacher-student relationships. B. To sharpen students’ communication skills. C. To allow students to experience zero gravity. D. To link space technology with school education. 14. What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program? A. Check their product. B. Guide project designs. C. Adjust work schedules. D. Grade their homework. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. NASA: The Home of Astronauts B. Space: The Final Homework Frontier C. Nature: An Outdoor Classroom D. HUNCH: A College Admission Reform 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As a student of Chinese language and culture, I was introduced to many fascinating aspects of the country’s culinary (烹饪的) heritage. One dish that particularly stood out in my studies was Crossing Brıdge Rice Noodles, a specialty from Yunnan Province. In 2024, when I traveled to Yunnan, I finally experienced this famous dish firsthand. ___16___ Walking into a traditional Yunnan restaurant and settling down, I felt anticipation that only a long-awaited experience can bring. ___17___ Each ingredient was presented separately, allowing me to assemble my bowl according to my preference. The waiter placed a large bowl of hot broth (肉汤) in front of me, followed by thinly sliced meats, fresh vegetables, quail eggs, tofu skin, and herbs. Then, the most exciting part came: white, smooth, and silky rice noodles. Following the traditional method, I first added the raw meat slices into the hot broth, watching them cook instantly. Then, I added the vegetables, tofu and eggs, letting them blend into the broth. ___18___ As I lifted the noodles with my chopsticks, their delicate texture was evident — soft, yet firm enough to hold their shape. ___19___ The broth, made from slow-simmered chicken and pork bones, was rich and deeply comforting. The rice noodles were incredibly smooth, almost jellylike, yet with a satisfying chewiness. The combination of fresh ingredients created a balance of textures — tender meat, crisp vegetables, and silky noodles, all coming together harmoniously. Trying the dish in Yunnan was an experience that connected me to China’s rich culinary heritage and reaffirmed (再次确定) the deep bond between food and culture. This dish, with its rich broth, silky noodles, and heartwarming service, is a representation of the beauty of Chinese cuisine. ___20___ A. The first bite was an explosion of flavors. B. The dish was served in a traditional manner. C. The experience was nothing short of extraordinary. D. While studying in Beijing, I often heard about the dish. E. Finally, I carefully placed the rice noodles into the bowl. F. What amazed me the most was how familiar the flavors felt. G. And now, it holds a special place in my personal journey as well. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Hidden deep in the jungle of Colombia sits Ciudad Perdida, the “Lost City”, which is more than 600 years older than Machu Picchu. There are no trains or buses allowing for ____21____ travels to reach its ruins. The only way to ____22____ its beauty firsthand is on foot: a tough multi-day hike. Despite this, I couldn’t ____23____the opportunity to visit Ciudad Perdida. Twelve other hikers and I went there in ____24____ with a licensed guide. The dirt path, which ____25____ through towering palms and dangling vines (垂落的藤蔓), proved ____26____ right from the start. Along the way we also met the ____27____. They had been left undisturbed for centuries and there was a deep ____28____ between them and the land. The next morning, we were off early to ____29____ the heat, but the high temperature and muscle pain had already ____30____ by the time we reached the final stage — 1,200 stone steps to ____31____. After I finally lifted my painful body up the long flight of stairs, my eyes intently rested on the scene that had ____32____ the back-breaking journey: Ciudad Perdida. Sitting on one of the highest terraces (台阶), I looked down and admired the beautiful site below. Although I had already ____33____ my goal, the experience was one I would do ____34____. It was the challenge that made the journey a more ____35____ one. Earned views were always better. 21. A. long B. easy C. frequent D. endless 22. A. imagine B. witness C. remember D. ignore 23. A. grasp B. obtain C. promote D. resist 24. A. company B. combination C. harmony D. communication 25. A. broke B. searched C. wound D. pulled 26. A. disappointing B. embarrassing C. amazing D. challenging 27. A. researchers B. visitors C. natives D. foreigners 28. A. bond B. distinction C. similarity D. conflict 29. A. dismiss B. avoid C. test D. abandon 30. A. won out B. stood out C. set in D. gone off 31. A. construct B. pick C. cover D. count 32. A. suspended B. predicted C. simplified D. motivated- 33. A. fixed B. overcome C. memorized D. accomplished 34. A. again B. otherwise C. though D. instead 35. A. sensitive B. rewarding C. popular D. flexible 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 UNESCO is fighting to preserve the world’s cultural and natural heritage. There are ____36____ (current) around 1,100 sites in over 160 countries. Unfortunately, many are in urgent danger due to natural forces, human activities, and rapid development. Natural forces like wind and water gradually wear down heritage sites. For example, the Great Pyramid of Giza is now several metres ____37____ (short) than before. Natural disasters can also cause severe damage. In 2003, a terrible earthquake ____38____ (shake) south-eastern Iran and ruined large parts of Bam, a UNESCO site. Human activities are particularly harmful. Wars, whether accidental ____39____ on purpose, have destroyed invaluable heritage sites. Meanwhile, the flood of tourists leads to wear and tear. The temples of Angkor are classic examples ____40____ unique architecture. Thousands of tourists climbing the stone steps every day are wearing down these ancient buildings. Human population growth ____41____ (increase) the demand for production and consumption of goods, thus ____42____ (put) heritage sites in danger. The Historic Centre of Vienna, ____43____ is famous as Europe’s musical capital, is now on the List of World Heritage in Danger because of high-rise constructions. ____44____ surprises us most is that the disappearance of heritage sites would be disastrous. Take the Great Barrier Reef as an example. Its loss would harm marine life and destroy local livelihoods. We all share a joint responsibility to protect these treasures. Let’s take action to ensure their ____45____ (survive). 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给 Jim回信，内容包括： (1)该人物的简要介绍； (2)你喜欢该人物的原因。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； (3)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jim, It's great to hear from you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The English writing competition drew near. Jack, who had always struggled to put his thoughts into coherent words, determined to turn to AI for help. He simply input the given theme of the competition, added a few key words, and hit “generate”. Much to his delight, in less than 5 minutes, the screen lit up. A vivid and well-structured essay was presented. Jack was amazed by how effortlessly the well-chosen words flowed on the page. Without a second thought, Jack signed his name and submitted the piece, ignoring the tiny voice of guilt from the bottom of his heart. His essay stood out among hundreds of entries and was selected to represent the school in the municipal-level contest. When his English teacher, Ms. Cathy, called him to her office, Jack’s heart skipped a beat. With a gentle but firm tone, Ms. Cathy looked straight into his eyes and asked, “Jack, I need you to tell me the truth — did you write this essay entirely on your own?” The question hung in the air, heavy and inescapable. Jack’s mind went blank for a moment. The thought of losing the chance to compete, of being laughed at by his classmates for cheating, overwhelmed him. Taking a shaky breath, he kept his eyes off the teacher and nodded, “Yes, Ms. Cathy. Every word is mine.” Ms. Cathy nodded, seemingly satisfied, and patted his shoulder, “That’s great. Your genuine hard work will pay off. This essay has a unique perspective, and I’m sure it will shine at the municipal contest.” But Jack didn’t feel any joy. On the contrary, a sense of guilt weighed heavily on him. That night, he tossed and turned in bed, unable to fall asleep. The lie he had told kept echoing in his ears. He thought about Ms. Cathy’s trusting eyes, about the meaning of the competition, and about how proud he would have felt if he had written the essay himself. He was torn between the fear of being exposed and the desire to do the right thing. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next morning, Jack went back to the teacher’s office. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Encouraged by Ms. Cathy, Jack decided to rewrite on his own. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $