Unit 5 单元练习 2025-2026学年沪教版(五四学制)英语八年级下册

八年级第二学期英语（沪教版）（2024）Unit 5 单元练习1 一、单词适当形式填空 1. The flood __________ (destroy) thousands of houses last year. 2. It is __________ (danger) to swim in the river during a storm. 3. Many people were __________ (home) after the earthquake. 4. We should learn to protect __________ (we) in natural disasters. 5. The __________ (survive) told us his terrible experience in the tsunami. 6. It rained __________ (heavy) last night and caused a flood. 7. The __________ (windy) is becoming stronger and stronger. 8. This is one of the __________ (bad) hurricanes in American history. 9. They __________ (immediate) ran to a safe place when they saw the strange waves. 10. The __________ (erupt) of the volcano made people leave their homes. 11. __________ (fortunate), no one was hurt in the typhoon. 12. About 300 __________ (visit) were saved by the little girl. 二、按要求改写句子 （一）句型转换 1. The typhoon blew down many trees.（改为感叹句） __________ __________ the typhoon blew down! 2. The earthquake killed thousands of people.（改为被动语态） Thousands of people __________ __________ by the earthquake. 3. She saved many tourists because she knew the signs of the tsunami.（对划线部分提问） __________ __________ she save many tourists? 4. We should stay inside during a thunderstorm.（改为否定句） We __________ __________ stay inside during a thunderstorm. 5. They have prepared enough food and water.（改为一般疑问句） __________ they __________ enough food and water? 6. The little girl noticed the strange waves on the beach.（对划线部分提问） __________ __________ the little girl notice the strange waves? （二）连词成句 1. should, during, stay, we, safe, a, typhoon, calm, and, inside ____________________________________________________________________ 2. the, girl, how, saved, people, the, tsunami, from, clever, was, to, ! ____________________________________________________________________ 三、完形填空 Natural disasters are terrible events in nature. They can bring huge damage to people. On 26 December 2004, a big tsunami __1__ many places in Asia. A 10-year-old girl called Tilly Smith was on __2__ in Phuket, Thailand with her family. When they were walking on the beach, Tilly found something __3__. The water came in quickly but didn’t go out. She __4__ it was a tsunami because she learned it at school two weeks __5__. She told her parents at once. Her parents didn’t know much about tsunamis, __6__ they believed their daughter. They __7__ other people on the beach to leave quickly. The hotel guard also helped warn visitors. At last, hundreds of tourists left the beach __8__. When the water arrived, no one was hurt there. Tilly was a __9__ girl. She used the knowledge from __10__ to save many people. It tells us learning disaster knowledge is very important. 1. A. hit B. took C. brought D. carried 2. A. time B. holiday C. duty D. work 3. A. usual B. interesting C. strange D. happy 4. A. reported B. promised C. decided D. realized 5. A. ago B. later C. before D. after 6. A. and B. but C. so D. or 7. A. allowed B. stopped C. warned D. helped 8. A. in time B. on time C. at times D. for times 9. A. shy B. brave C. careless D. strict 10. A. class B. home C. internet D. museum 四、阅读理解 Natural disasters happen all over the world. They are caused by natural forces and often lead to death, injury and home loss. Common natural disasters include earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons, floods, droughts and volcanic eruptions. In 2010, a strong earthquake hit Haiti. It happened on 12 January. The earthquake was so powerful that it destroyed over 300,000 homes. Around 200,000 people lost their lives and about 300,000 got hurt. More than 1.5 million people became homeless. The whole country faced great trouble. In 2005, Hurricane Katrina hit the US. It lasted from central Florida to Texas. Heavy rain and strong wind caused serious flooding. Nearly 1,500 people died in this disaster. It cost the US about 125 billion dollars in damage. It was one of the worst hurricanes in American history. In 2008, a terrible earthquake hit Wenchuan, China. Many people died and lost their homes. But Chinese people helped each other and tried their best to rebuild homes. Now countries around the world are paying more attention to disaster safety education. Schools teach students how to stay safe before, during and after different natural disasters. Learning safety rules can help us protect ourselves when disasters come. 1. When did the Haiti earthquake happen? A. On 26 December 2004 B. On 12 January 2010 C. In August 2005 D. In May 2008 2. How many people died in Hurricane Katrina? A. About 200,000 B. Over 300,000 C. Nearly 1,500 D. More than 1.5 million 3. What caused Hurricane Katrina to bring serious damage? A. Only strong wind B. Only heavy rain C. Snow and ice D. Heavy rain and strong wind 4. What can we infer from the fourth paragraph? A. Wenchuan people never gave up when facing disasters. B. The Wenchuan earthquake had no influence at all. C. No one helped Wenchuan after the earthquake. D. Wenchuan was not rebuilt at last. 5. What is the main idea of the fifth paragraph? A. Natural disasters are terrible. B. Disaster safety education is important. C. Many countries hate natural disasters. D. Students don’t need to learn safety rules. 6. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Hurricane Katrina is the worst disaster. B. Some big natural disasters and safety education. C. The Haiti earthquake caused huge damage. D. We should travel to other countries. 五、任务型阅读 Typhoons are one of the most common natural disasters in coastal areas of China. They usually come in summer and autumn. Strong wind, heavy rain and floods come with typhoons. They can break trees, damage houses and make people lose their homes. Before a typhoon comes, the weather report will tell people ahead of time. People should prepare enough food, fresh water and batteries. They need to close the doors and windows tightly and move things inside from the yard. It’s not safe to stay in low-lying places, so people should move to higher ground if they live there. During a typhoon, people must stay inside strong buildings. They shouldn’t go out for any activities. If people are outside, they should stay away from tall trees, bridges and power lines. These places are very dangerous. After a typhoon passes, people still need to be careful. Tap water may not be clean, so people shouldn’t drink it until it is safe. They should keep all electronic devices off to avoid danger. There may be dangerous animals like snakes after the typhoon, so people must watch out for them. Learning typhoon safety rules is necessary for everyone. It can help us stay away from danger and protect our lives. Task 1 回答问题 1. When do typhoons usually come? ____________________________________________________________________ 2. What should people prepare before a typhoon comes? ____________________________________________________________________ 3. Where should people stay during a typhoon? ____________________________________________________________________ 4. Why shouldn’t people drink tap water right after a typhoon? ____________________________________________________________________ 5. What may people need to watch out for after a typhoon? ____________________________________________________________________ Task 2 主观表达 6. What can you do to keep safe in a typhoon? (No more than 30 words) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 六、翻译题（共5小题，每小题4分，共20分） 将下列句子翻译成英语，每句指定核心单词。 1. 地震突然发生，很多人被困在倒塌的房屋下面。（trap） ____________________________________________________________________ 2. 这个小女孩凭借她学到的知识在海啸中救了上百名游客。（with） ____________________________________________________________________ 3. 暴风雨期间我们最好待在安全的室内，不要外出。（during） ____________________________________________________________________ 4. 频繁的暴雨会引发洪水和山体滑坡，给人们带来巨大损失。（cause） ____________________________________________________________________ 5. 政府已经为受灾地区提供了食物、水和药品来帮助人们重建家园。（provide） ____________________________________________________________________ 七、书面表达（共20分） 以How to Keep Safe in Natural Disasters为题，写一篇短文。 要求： 1. 不少于80词； 2. 条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确； 3. 适当使用连接词。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案及解析 一、单词适当形式填空 1. destroyed 解析：last year为一般过去时标志，动词用过去式。 2. dangerous 解析：It is + 形容词 + to do，danger变为形容词dangerous。 3. homeless 解析：句意“地震后很多人无家可归”，home加后缀-less表示“无家的”。 4. ourselves 解析：protect oneself“保护自己”，we的反身代词是ourselves。 5. survivor 解析：句意“幸存者告诉我们他的经历”，survive变为名词survivor。 6. heavily 解析：修饰动词rained用副词，heavy变为heavily。 7. wind 解析：定冠词the后接名词，windy变为名词wind。 8. worst 解析：one of + the + 形容词最高级，bad的最高级是worst。 9. immediately 解析：修饰动词ran用副词，immediate变为immediately。 10. eruption 解析：the后接名词，erupt变为名词eruption。 11. Fortunately 解析：放句首修饰全句用副词，fortunate变为fortunately。 12. visitors 解析：300后接可数名词复数，visit变为visitor再加s。 二、按要求改写句子 （一）句型转换 1. What trees 解析：感叹句结构What + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！ 2. were killed 解析：一般过去时被动语态was/were + 过去分词，people复数用were。 3. Why did 解析：对原因提问用why，一般过去时加助动词did。 4. had better not 解析：should的否定可替换为had better not。 5. Have; prepared 解析：现在完成时一般疑问句把have提前。 6. Where did 解析：对地点提问用where，一般过去时加助动词did。 （二）连词成句 1. We should stay calm and safe inside during a typhoon. 2. How clever the girl was to save people from the tsunami! 三、完形填空 1. A 解析：disaster hit some place“灾害袭击某地”。 2. B 解析：on holiday“度假”，符合语境。 3. C 解析：something strange“奇怪的事”，对应海啸前兆。 4. D 解析：realize“意识到”，符合句意。 5. C 解析：two weeks before“两周前”。 6. B 解析：前后转折，用but。 7. C 解析：warn people“警告人们”。 8. A 解析：in time“及时”。 9. B 解析：brave“勇敢的”，符合人物形象。 10. A 解析：from class“来自课堂”。 四、阅读理解 1. B 解析：由第二段第二句可知。 2. C 解析：由第三段第四句可知。 3. D 解析：由第三段第三句可知。 4. A 解析：由第四段推断出人们没有放弃。 5. B 解析：第五段主要讲防灾安全教育很重要。 6. B 解析：全文介绍灾害并强调安全教育，为最佳主旨。 五、任务型阅读 Task 1 1. They usually come in summer and autumn. 2. They should prepare enough food, fresh water and batteries. 3. They should stay inside strong buildings. 4. Because tap water may not be clean. 5. They need to watch out for dangerous animals like snakes. Task 2 6. I should stay inside, prepare supplies and follow safety rules.（符合要求即可） 六、翻译题 1. The earthquake happened suddenly, and many people were trapped under the fallen buildings. 2. The little girl saved hundreds of visitors in the tsunami with the knowledge she learned. 3. We had better stay inside a safe place during the storm and not go out. 4. Frequent heavy rainstorms can cause floods and landslides and bring great loss to people. 5. The government has provided food, water and medicine for the disaster areas to help people rebuild homes. 七、书面表达（参考范文） How to Keep Safe in Natural Disasters Natural disasters are terrible and dangerous, but we can do something to keep safe. First, we should learn more about different natural disasters and their safety rules. Knowledge can help us a lot. Second, before a disaster comes, we need to prepare enough food, water and first-aid things. We should also know safe places to stay. Third, during the disaster, we must stay calm and follow the safety rules. Don’t run around in a hurry. Finally, after the disaster, we should be careful with possible dangers around us. In a word, keeping safe in natural disasters is very important. We should always be ready and protect ourselves. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $