Unit 5 Good manners单元话题练（语法填空+短文首字母填空+阅读+完形+选词填空+写作）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下学期单元重难点易错题精练（译林版）

**基本信息** 本试卷围绕“Good manners”主题，整合语法填空、完形、阅读、写作等题型，覆盖语言知识与跨文化礼仪，适配初中英语单元复习，强化语言能力与文化意识。 **题型特征** |题型|题量|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|----|----|----| |语法填空|3篇短文|动词形式、介词、词性转换等|以法国交换生、筷子使用等真实情境，考查语法应用| |完形填空|3篇|文化差异（拜访、餐桌礼仪等）|通过中美、中英礼仪对比，培养跨文化思维| |阅读理解|5篇|古今礼仪、校园礼仪、中西餐桌礼仪|结合拱手礼、英国晚宴等素材，提升信息获取与文化理解能力| |写作|2题|社交礼仪建议、邮件回复|创设校刊投稿、笔友咨询情境，考查语言表达与文化传递能力|

Unit 5 Good manners单元话题练 （语法填空+短文首字母填空+阅读+完形+选词填空+写作） 一、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Good manners are important in our daily life. They are good 1 us to get along well with others. We must 2 (be) polite to everyone around us. We can’t be rude 3 people. When we meet our friends, we should greet them with a smile. Our parents and teachers are strict 4 us about manners, 5 they want us to be better people. We can’t talk loudly in public places like libraries or hospitals. We must wait in line when we are waiting for the bus. We should say “Excuse me” when we need to pass by someone. It’s necessary 6 (learn) good table manners too. For example, we shouldn’t eat with our hands in western countries. It’s important 7 (follow) these rules. 8 (have) good manners helps us make more friends. Some people think good manners are not necessary, 9 (lucky), most people know they are important. Let’s keep good manners 10 (careful) every day and make our life better. 【答案】 1．for 2．be 3．to 4．with 5．because 6．to learn 7．to follow 8．Having 9．luckily 10．carefully 【导语】本文主要介绍了拥有良好礼仪的重要性以及应有的良好礼仪表现。 1．句意：他们有利于我们与他人相处融洽。这源于短语be good for...意为“有益的”。故填for。 2．句意：我们必须对周围的人有礼貌。在情态动词must之后，我们使用动词原形be。故填be。 3．句意：我们不能对人粗鲁。这源于短语be rude to...意为“对……粗鲁”。故填to。 4．句意：我们的父母和老师对我们的举止要求很严格，因为他们希望我们成为更好的人。这源于短语be strict with...意为“对某人要求严格”。故填with。 5．句意：我们的父母和老师对我们的举止要求很严格，因为他们希望我们成为更好的人。根据“they want us to be better people.”可知，此处是由because引导的句子。故填because。 6．句意：学习良好的餐桌礼仪也是必要的。这使用了“It is necessary (for sb.) to do sth.”这一结构，因此空处用learn的动词不定式。故填to learn。 7．句意：遵守这些规则很重要。这使用了“It is important (for sb.) to do sth.”这一结构, 因此空处用follow的动词不定式。故填to follow。 8．句意：有礼貌有助于我们交到更多的朋友。当动词作句子的主语时，它采用“-ing”形式（动名词），have的动名词为having，首字母大写。故填Having。 9．句意：有些人认为礼貌不是必需的，幸运的是，大多数人都知道礼貌很重要。需要一个副词来修饰整个句子或转换思路。形容词lucky变为luckily。故填luckily。 10．句意：让我们每天小心地保持礼貌，让我们的生活变得更好。需要一个副词来修饰动词 keep。形容词careful变为carefully。故填carefully。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dear Laura, Thanks for your message. Yes, I’m having a great time on my exchange programme in France. I was a bit nervous before I arrived here, but there was no reason to be. My host family is really nice. They try their best 1 (make) me feel at home. The grandmother has a teenage granddaughter at about 2 (I) age who is really kind. She always talks to me in French to help me practise. And you wouldn’t believe how quickly my French has 3 (improve)! I’m very comfortable speaking French now. Though I still make lots of 4 (mistake), it doesn’t worry me as it used to. My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table. 5 you can imagine, things are really different from the way they are at home. For example, you shouldn’t put your bread on your plate. You 6 (suppose) to put it on the table! I thought that was pretty strange 7 first, but now I’m used to it. You shouldn’t eat anything with your hands except bread, not even fruit. You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork. Another thing is that it is very 8 (polite) to say you’re full. If you don’t want any more food, you should just say, “It was delicious.” Also, you shouldn’t put your elbows on the table. I have to say that I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m 9 (gradual) getting used to it. I don’t find French customs so strange any more. I’ll write again soon and tell you more about my life in France. Hope you are having 10 good school year. Yours, Lin Yue 【答案】 1．to make 2．my 3．improved 4．mistakes 5．As 6．are supposed 7．at 8．impolite 9．gradually 10．a 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者林月向朋友劳拉讲述了自己在法国交换生项目中的经历和感受，重点描述了在寄宿家庭的生活以及法国餐桌礼仪的文化差异。 1．句意：他们尽他们最大的努力让我感觉像在家一样。根据“try their best”可知，此处考查固定搭配try one’s best to do sth.，意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，所以此处应填动词不定式to make。故填to make。 2．句意：祖母有一个和我年龄相仿的十几岁的孙女，她非常善良。根据“age”可知，此处指“我的年龄”，应用形容词性物主代词my“我的”，修饰名词“age”。故填my。 3．句意：你不会相信我的法语进步得有多快！根据“has”可知，此处是现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+动词的过去分词”，improve的过去分词是improved。故填improved。 4．句意：虽然我仍然会犯很多错误，但这并不像以前那样让我担心。根据“lots of”可知，此处应用名词复数形式，mistake的复数形式是mistakes。故填mistakes。 5．句意：正如你所想象的，事情和在家里的方式真的很不一样。根据“you can imagine”可知，此处指“正如你所想象的”，as you can imagine“正如你想象的”，故填As。 6．句意：你应该把它放在桌子上！根据“You...to put it on the table!”可知，此处考查固定搭配be supposed to do sth.，意为“应该做某事”，句子是一般现在时，主语是You，be动词用are。故填are supposed。 7．句意：起初我觉得那很奇怪，但现在我已经习惯了。根据“first”可知，此处考查固定搭配at first，意为“起初”。故填at。 8．句意：另一件事是说自己吃饱了是非常不礼貌的。根据“If you don’t want any more food, you should just say, ‘It was delicious.’”可知，此处指说吃饱了是不礼貌的，应用polite的反义词impolite“不礼貌的”作表语。故填impolite。 9．句意：我不得不说，我发现要记住一切很困难，但我正在逐渐习惯它。根据“getting used to it”可知，此处应用副词修饰动词短语get used to，gradual的副词形式是gradually。故填gradually。 10．句意：希望你有一个好的学年。根据“good school year”可知，此处指一个好的学年，good是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a表示泛指。故填a。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In many Asian countries, it is normal for people to eat with chopsticks. However, there are some rules about how to use them 1 (proper). Firstly, don’t stick your chopsticks into food. That is very 2 (polite) and even considered unlucky in some cultures. Secondly, don’t pull dishes close to you with your chopsticks. It is 3 (proper) to reach for food. Thirdly, don’t point at others with your chopsticks or wave them around when you talk. It is seen as 4 (friendly) and rude. 5 (last) but not least, hold your chopsticks correctly. Using chopsticks looks easy, but it can actually be a little 6 (challenge). Many people feel 7 (confuse) at first, because there are many rules to remember. Some people even feel 8 (embarrass) when they drop food or use chopsticks the wrong way. But don’t worry. With practice, you will get better. The key is to keep trying. It’s 9 (common) to make mistakes when learning something new. Soon, you’ll find that using chopsticks is not as difficult as you think. It’s 10 (interest) to learn about different table manners around the world. 【答案】 1．properly 2．impolite 3．improper 4．unfriendly 5．Last 6．challenging 7．confused 8．embarrassed 9．common 10．interesting 【导语】本文介绍了亚洲国家使用筷子的相关礼仪规则，强调了正确使用筷子的重要性，同时也鼓励人们通过练习掌握筷子用法，了解不同的餐桌礼仪。 1．句意：然而，有一些关于如何正确使用筷子的规则。根据“修饰动词use需用副词”可知，proper的副词形式是properly。 2．句意：那是非常不礼貌的，在一些文化中甚至被认为是不吉利的。根据“把筷子插在食物里是不礼貌的行为”可知，此处需用polite的反义词impolite。 3．句意：其次，不要用筷子把餐盘拉到自己面前。伸手去够食物是不合礼仪的。考查形容词反义词，固定句型It is+形容词+to do sth.。proper意为 “合适的、合乎礼仪的”，结合筷子礼仪常识，直接伸手够饭菜是不礼貌的，需用反义词improper。 4．句意：这被视为不友好且粗鲁的。根据“用筷子指别人或说话时挥舞筷子是不礼貌的”可知，此处需用friendly的反义词unfriendly。 5．句意：最后但同样重要的是，要正确握筷子。根据固定短语“last but not least（最后但同样重要的是）” 可知，此处需用last，句首单词首字母需大写。 6．句意：使用筷子看起来容易，但实际上可能有点有挑战性。根据“a little后接形容词”可知，challenge的形容词形式是challenging，表示 “有挑战性的”。 7．句意：很多人一开始会感到困惑，因为有很多规则要记住。根据“feel后接形容词修饰人”可知，confuse修饰人时用confused，表示“感到困惑的”。 8．句意：有些人掉食物或用错筷子方式时甚至会感到尴尬。根据“feel后接形容词修饰人”可知，embarrass修饰人时用embarrassed，表示“感到尴尬的”。 9．句意：学习新事物时犯错是很常见的。根据“学习新事物犯错是正常现象”可知，此处用形容词common 表示 “常见的、普遍的”。 10．句意：了解世界各地不同的餐桌礼仪是很有趣的。根据“It’s后接形容词修饰事物”可知，interest修饰事物时用interesting，表示 “有趣的”。 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Good manners in public places are very important for everyone. They show your respect for o 1 people, and they can make the public environment more comfortable for everyone. When you are in a museum, you should keep q 2 . Don’t talk loudly or run around. Don’t touch the exhibits, and don’t take photos i 3 it is not allowed. When you are in a cinema, you should arrive on time. If you are late, you should walk in q 4 and don’t disturb other people who are watching the movie. Don’t talk during the movie, and turn o 5 your phone or put it on silent mode. When you take the bus or the subway, you should wait in line patiently. Don’t j 6 the line. You should give your s 7 to the old, the disabled, or women with babies. Don’t eat or drink on the bus, because it may make the vehicle dirty. Good manners in public places are not difficult to learn. You just need to think about others before you a 8 . Don’t do anything that will make others feel u 9 . Remember: your good manners can make the world a b 10 place. 【答案】 1．other/ther 2．quiet/uiet 3．if/f 4．quietly/uietly 5．off/ff 6．jump/ump 7．seat/eat 8．act/ct 9．uncomfortable 10．better 【导语】本文介绍了公共场所的良好礼仪，包括在博物馆、影院、公交地铁等场景的行为规范，强调礼仪能尊重他人、让环境更舒适。 1．句意：它们体现了你对他人的尊重。结合“respect for...”的语境，首字母“o”对应“other（其他的）”，修饰“people”。 2．句意：当你在博物馆时，你应该保持安静。博物馆需保持安静，“keep quiet”是固定短语,首字母“q”对应“quiet（安静的）”。 3．句意：如果不被允许，不要拍照。此处表假设条件，首字母“i”对应“if（如果）”，引导条件状语从句。 4．句意：如果你迟到了，应该安静地走进来。此处需用副词修饰动词“walk”，首字母“q”对应“quietly（安静地）”。 5．句意：关掉手机或将其调至静音模式。“turn off”是固定短语，意为“关掉”，首字母“o”对应“off”。 6．句意：不要插队。“jump the line”是固定短语，意为“插队”，首字母“j”对应“jump”。 7．句意：你应该给老人、残疾人或带婴儿的妇女让座。“give one's seat to...”是固定短语，意为“给……让座”，首字母“s”对应“seat”。 8．句意：你只需要在行动前考虑他人。结合“think about others before...”的语境，首字母“a”对应“act（行动）”。 9．句意：不要做任何让别人感到不舒服的事。前文强调考虑他人，首字母“u”对应“uncomfortable（不舒服的）”。 10．句意：你的良好礼仪能让世界变成一个更好的地方。此处暗含对比，首字母“b”对应“better（更好的）”。 根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。 The UK is a country with good manners. How can you behave properly as a stranger in the UK? Here is some u 1 information for you. British people usually say “hello” or “nice to meet you” and shake your hand when they meet you for the f 2 time. They only greet relatives or c 3 friends with a kiss. They like to start a conversation with s 4 like the weather, holidays, music or books. They avoid t 5 about age, weight or money. In public, British people always keep their voice down instead of shouting or laughing l 6 . If you’re in their way, they’ll say “e 7 me” and be polite enough to wait till you move. British people are p 8 at home too. They say “please” or “thank you” all the time. Instead of saying “no”, they often say “I’m all right, thank you” when they want to r 9 something. Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” When we are in a s 10 place, we should try to understand and respect (尊重) the local culture. 【答案】 1．(u)seful 2．(f)irst 3．(c)lose 4．(s)ubjects/(s)omething 5．(t)alking 6．(l)oudly/(l)oud 7．(e)xcuse 8．(p)olite 9．(r)efuse 10．(s)trange 【导语】本文介绍了在英国作为陌生人如何表现得体，包括初次见面的问候方式、交谈话题的选择、公共场合的礼仪以及家庭中的礼貌用语，并强调了尊重当地文化的重要性。 1．句意：这里有一些对你有用的信息。根据下文介绍的内容和首字母u可知，本文提供的是有用的信息，形容词useful“有用的”符合语境，在句中作定语，修饰名词information。故填(u)seful。 2．句意：英国人第一次见到你时通常会说“你好”或“见到你很高兴”，并和你握手。根据“say ‘hello’ or ‘nice to meet you’”和首字母f可知，说“你好”或“见到你很高兴”应是第一次见面时，first“首次的”符合语境。故填(f)irst。 3．句意：他们只与亲戚或亲密的朋友亲吻。根据“...friends with a kiss.”和首字母c可知，会用亲吻的方式去打招呼的应是亲密的朋友，形容词close“亲密的”符合语境，在句中作定语，修饰名词friend。故填(c)lose。 4．句意：他们喜欢用天气、假期、音乐或书籍之类的话题来开始谈话。根据“like the weather, holidays, music or books.”和首字母s可知，天气、假期、音乐或书籍都是谈话的话题，可数名词subject“话题”符合语境，此处应用复数形式；此句为肯定句，也可用不定代词something。故填(s)ubjects/(s)omething。 5．句意：他们避免谈论年龄、体重或金钱。根据“They avoid...about age, weight or money.”和首字母t可知，出于礼貌，避免谈论年龄，体重，金钱等个人隐私，talk about“谈论”，avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”。故填(t)alking。 6．句意：在公共场合，英国人总是压低声音，而不是大声喊叫或大笑。根据“instead of”可知，此处和“keep their voice down”相反，应指“笑得很大声”，应用副词loudly/loud“高声地”，修饰动词laugh。故填(l)oudly/(l)oud。 7．句意：如果你挡了他们的路，他们会说“对不起”，然后礼貌地等你走开。根据“If you’re in their way”可知，想让别人让路，应说“对不起”，excuse me“对不起”。故填(e)xcuse。 8．句意：英国人在家里也很有礼貌。根据下文“They say ‘please’ or ‘thank you’ all the time.”可知，他们在家也总说“请”或“谢谢”，由此可知他们在家也很有礼貌，形容词polite“有礼貌的”符合语境，在句中作表语。故填(p)olite。 9．句意：当他们想拒绝某事时，他们通常会说“我很好，谢谢你”，而不是说“不”。根据“saying ‘no’”可知，说“不”就是在拒绝，动词refuse“拒绝”符合语境，want to do sth.“想要做某事”。故填(r)efuse。 10．句意：当我们在一个陌生的地方，我们应该努力了解和尊重当地的文化。根据“When we are in a...place, we should try to understand and respect (尊重) the local culture.”和首字母s可推测，此处指在陌生的地方也要理解和尊重当地的文化，形容词strange“陌生的”符合语境，在句中作定语，修饰名词place。故填(s)trange。 二、完形填空 Lin Fei is studying English in New York now. He has not been there long, and he is quite amazed at the great 1 between American and Chinese cultures. For one thing, Americans and Chinese are different in arranging (安排) a visit. The Chinese usually call on their friends unexpectedly. However, Americans 2 making an appointment (预约) ahead. An unexpected visit is regarded as 3 . For another thing, their table 4 are different. Chinese usually eat directly from the serving dish. And during the meal, the hosts may keep putting food on the guests’ plates. However, an American only eats from 5 own plate. He never picks up food for others 6 he isn’t asked to do so. What’s more, they 7 differently when they receive complimentary remarks (赞美之辞). When a Chinese hostess is 8 for her cooking skills, for example, she will apologize (道歉) for being a poor cook at once. Yet an American hostess is likely to accept it. “Oh, I’m glad that you enjoy it. I went out of my way to cook it for you.” At the beginning, it was hard for Lin Fei to 9 things around him because of these cultural differences. But soon, he succeeded 10 adjusting to (适应) their way of doing things. “When in Rome, do as the Romans do,” he’d like to say when he was asked how he could get along in a new culture. 1．A．efforts B．customs C．senses D．differences 2．A．prefer B．cancel C．regret D．mind 3．A．impolite B．easy C．sudden D．local 4．A．opinions B．courses C．manners D．performances 5．A．her B．his C．your D．their 6．A．unless B．if C．so D．though 7．A．manage B．greet C．behave D．value 8．A．supposed B．exchanged C．allowed D．praised 9．A．stick to B．get used to C．pass by D．end up with 10．A．in B．at C．on D．with 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了Lin Fei在纽约学习时，发现中美文化在拜访、用餐、回应赞美等方面的差异，以及他适应这些差异的经历。 1．句意：他对中美文化之间的巨大差异感到十分惊讶。 efforts努力；customs习俗；senses感觉；differences差异。根据全文内容及“between American and Chinese cultures”可知，此处指文化差异。故选D。 2．句意：然而，美国人更喜欢提前预约。 prefer更喜欢；cancel取消；regret后悔；mind介意。根据“The Chinese usually call on their friends unexpectedly. However...”的转折关系可知，美国人更喜欢提前预约。故选A。 3．句意：突然的拜访被认为是不礼貌的。 impolite不礼貌的；easy容易的；sudden突然的；local当地的。根据“Americans prefer making an appointment ahead”可知，突然拜访在美国被认为是不礼貌的。故选A。 4．句意：另一方面，他们的餐桌礼仪不同。 opinions观点；courses课程；manners礼仪；performances表现。根据“Chinese usually eat directly from the serving dish... an American only eats from his own plate”可知，此处指餐桌礼仪。故选C。 5．句意：然而，美国人只吃自己盘子里的食物。 her她的；his他的；your你的；their他们的。根据主语“an American”可知，此处用his指代 “他的”。故选B。 6．句意：如果没有被要求，他从不为别人夹菜。 unless除非；if如果；so所以；though虽然。根据“he isn’t asked to do so”的条件可知，此处表示如果没被要求就不夹菜。故选B。 7．句意：此外，他们在收到赞美时的表现不同。 manage管理；greet问候；behave表现；value重视。根据“When a Chinese hostess... Yet an American hostess is likely to accept it”可知，此处指回应赞美时的表现不同。故选C。 8．句意：例如，当一位中国女主人因厨艺被称赞时，她会立刻道歉说自己厨艺不好。 supposed被期望；exchanged交换；allowed允许；praised称赞。根据“for her cooking skills”及“she will apologize”可知，此处指被称赞厨艺。故选D。 9．句意：一开始，由于这些文化差异，Lin Fei很难习惯周围的事物。 stick to坚持；get used to习惯；pass by路过；end up with以……结束。根据“because of these cultural differences”可知，他很难习惯周围的事物。故选B。 10．句意：但很快，他成功适应了他们的做事方式。 in在……里；at在；on在……上；with和。“succeed in doing sth.”是固定搭配，指成功做某事。故选A。 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 A gift is necessary when one is invited to visit friends in China. After greetings, the 1 should be passed immediately to the host. Remember that usually Chinese people will not open the gift in front of the person who gives 2 . To show the respect, it may be 3 to explain what the gift is. Bringing some health tonics (营养品) to the elders in the family is a good idea. You can also 4 some small gifts for the spouse (配偶) or kids of the host. The host usually makes full 5 by carefully tidying up the house and cooking a lot of delicious dishes. 6 the meal is well prepared, the host may say to the guest politely, “My preparation is not enough. Please excuse me 7 my poor treat.” As a guest, you should make the host believe that there is plenty to eat by 8 the food. While eating, the elders will use chopsticks to pick up food for guests as a 9 and ask them to eat more. As a guest, you should accept their goodwill readily. But nowadays, the younger people do the 10 way less. After dinner, tea and fruit are usually 11 . When the guests are to leave, the host may still politely ask them to 12 . They don’t have to take it 13 and they can try to find a good time to leave. This doesn’t mean that leaving early is always a good 14 as the host may feel that the guests are not satisfied with the treat. The right time to leave 15 the situation. 1．A．photo B．greeting C．gift D．prize 2．A．it B．them C．that D．one 3．A．necessary B．careful C．comfortable D．wise 4．A．see B．bring C．accept D．order 5．A．plans B．decisions C．preparations D．chances 6．A．Unless B．Although C．Because D．Since 7．A．of B．about C．for D．from 8．A．dropping B．accepting C．cooking D．praising 9．A．hobby B．friendship C．custom D．connection 10．A．traditional B．international C．professional D．natural 11．A．served B．bought C．placed D．made 12．A．sit B．help C．relax D．stay 13．A．completely B．seriously C．probably D．widely 14．A．subject B．education C．idea D．introduction 15．A．works out B．sticks to C．depends on D．feels like 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．C 10．A 11．A 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了在中国，当我们被邀请去做客时，我们应该带的礼物及做客时要注意的一些行为等。 1．句意：问候过后，应立即将礼物传递给主人。 photo照片；greeting问候；gift礼物；prize奖品。根据“Remember that usually Chinese people will not open the gift”可知，此处指递出礼物。故选C。 2．句意：记住，通常中国人不会当着送礼物的人的面打开礼物。 it它；them它们；that那个；one一个。根据“Remember that usually Chinese people will not open the gift in front of the person who gives”可知，此处指代前面的单数名词gift。故选A。 3．句意：为了表示尊重，可能有必要解释礼物是什么。 necessary必要的；careful仔细的；comfortable舒服的；wise明智的。根据“To show the respect”可知，有必要解释礼物是什么，以显示尊重。故选A。 4．句意：你也可以带一些小礼物给主人的配偶或孩子。 see看见；bring带来；accept接受；order命令。根据“some small gifts for the spouse or kids of the host.”可知，去别人家里做客可以给主人家里其他人也带点礼物。故选B。 5．句意：主人通常会精心收拾房间，做很多美味的菜肴，做好充分的准备。 plans计划；decisions决定；preparations准备；chances机会。根据“My preparation is not enough.”可知，此处指做足准备。故选C。 6．句意：虽然饭菜准备得很好，但主人可能会礼貌地对客人说：“我准备得还不够。请原谅我招待不周。” Unless除非，引导条件状语从句；Although虽然，引导让步状语从句；Because因为，引导原因状语从句；Since自从，引导时间状语从句。根据“the meal is well prepared”和“the host may say to the guest politely, ‘My preparation is not enough.’”可知，前后构成让步关系，虽然准备完美，但主人还是很谦虚地让客人多担待，此句为让步状语从句。故选B。 7．句意：虽然饭菜准备得很好，但主人可能会礼貌地对客人说：“我准备得还不够。请原谅我招待不周。” of……的；about关于；for为了……；from来自……。excuse sb. for sth.“原谅某人某事”。故选C。 8．句意：作为客人，你应该赞美食物，让主人相信有很多东西可以吃。 dropping掉落；accepting接受；cooking烹饪；praising表扬。根据“you should make the host believe that there is plenty to eat”可知，去别人家里做客，要表扬主人做的食物。故选D。 9．句意：吃饭时，长辈会用筷子夹起食物给客人吃，这是一种习俗，并要求客人多吃。 hobby爱好；friendship友谊；custom习俗；connection连接。根据“As a guest, you should accept their goodwill readily.”和“But nowadays”可知，此处老人给夹菜是习俗。故选C。 10．句意：但现在，年轻人很少用这种传统的方式了。 traditional传统的；international国际的；professional专业的；natural自然地。根据“But nowadays, the younger people do”和“less”可知，此句与前面形成转折，给客人夹菜这项传统年轻人很少做了。故选A。 11．句意：晚饭后，通常供应茶和水果。 served供应（食物）；bought买；placed放置；made制作。根据我们去别人家里做客的经验可知，主人在饭后会供应水果。故选A。 12．句意：当客人要离开时，主人可能仍然礼貌地请他们留下来。 sit坐下；help帮助；relax放松；stay留下。根据“and they can try to find a good time to leave.”可知，主人会客套一下，让客人留下多待会。故选D。 13．句意：他们不必把这当回事，他们可以试着找个合适的时间离开。 completely完全地；seriously认真地；probably可能地；widely广泛地。根据“they can try to find a good time to leave.”可知，客人有时不必把主人客套让其留下的话当真，可以走。故选B。 14．句意：这并不意味着提前离开总是一个好主意，因为主人可能会觉得客人对款待不满意。 subject学科；education教育；idea想法，主意；introduction介绍。根据“as the host may feel that the guests are not satisfied with the treat.”可知，提前离开会让主人认为不礼貌，因此提前离开的想法不好。故选C。 15．句意：什么时候离开要视情况而定。 works out解决；sticks to坚持；depends on取决于；feels like感觉像是。根据“The right time to leave”和“the situation”可知，究竟什么时候离开取决于自身当时的情况，不要太早离开，也不要太晚。故选C。 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从下列各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。 My name is Brad Li. I’m here today to tell you about my 1 as an exchange student in the United States last year. I must admit (承认) that at first America was a big culture shock for 2 . Many things were 3 to me: the language, the food and even the school. I stayed with a host family in a small town. My host parents, Mr. and Mrs. Hurst, were very 4 . They organized a lot of activities for me in my spare time 5 I seldom felt lonely. However, to a certain degree, life in the US was hard to get used to. My main 6 was with the language. I failed to understand much in the first few weeks because everyone spoke so 7 . Though I soon 8 to get used to it, I still had problems because they used a lot of idioms (俗语). For example, they often say they are “under the weather” when they are ill. Their everyday English is very 9 from what we learn in China. Another difference was the food. My host family always had bread, potatoes and salad for meals. I really 10 the dumplings, rice and delicious dishes from home. School was a big shock too. They do not 11 students to wear uniforms, so students can wear almost whatever they like. Some students have strange hairstyles (发型) as well. Anyway, I have many great 12 of that year, especially playing in the snow in winter and playing baseball. On Halloween, I went to a party dressed 13 Harry Potter. On Thanksgiving, we had a big dinner with a huge turkey. It was an exciting year for me. Now I 14 more about American culture. My American friends ask me many questions about life in China, and this makes me 15 my own culture as well. 1．A．activity B．nature C．party D．experience 2．A．you B．me C．her D．him 3．A．right B．smooth C．comfortable D．strange 4．A．kind B．busy C．proud D．awful 5．A．after B．but C．or D．so 6．A．goal B．dream C．problem D．weight 7．A．slowly B．quickly C．clearly D．angrily 8．A．agreed B．expected C．managed D．planned 9．A．different B．absent C．free D．safe 10．A．afforded B．missed C．left D．refused 11．A．cause B．allow C．advise D．require 12．A．memories B．advantages C．faults D．interviews 13．A．of B．with C．for D．as 14．A．influence B．examine C．understand D．separate 15．A．wait for B．think about C．take up D．dream of 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文讲述了作者作为交换生在美国的经历，展现了文化差异以及这段经历带来的收获与成长。 1．句意：我今天来是为了告诉你们我去年作为交换生在美国的经历。 activity活动；nature自然；party聚会；experience经历。根据“as an exchange student in the United States last year”可知，此处指交换生的经历。故选D。 2．句意：我必须承认，起初美国对我来说是一个巨大的文化冲击。 you你；me我；her她；him他。根据“I must admit”可知，是作者自己感受到文化冲击，用me。故选B。 3．句意：很多事情对我来说都很陌生：语言、食物甚至学校。 right正确的；smooth顺利的；comfortable舒服的；strange陌生的。根据前文“a big culture shock”可知，文化冲击下很多事物是陌生的。故选D。 4．句意：我的寄宿父母赫斯特夫妇非常友善。 kind友善的；busy忙碌的；proud骄傲的；awful糟糕的。根据“They organized a lot of activities for me in my spare time”可知，寄宿父母为作者组织活动，说明他们很友善。故选A。 5．句意：他们在我的空闲时间为我组织了很多活动，所以我很少感到孤独。 after在……之后；but但是；or或者；so所以。前文“organized a lot of activities”与后文“I seldom felt lonely”是因果关系，用so连接。故选D。 6．句意：然而，在某种程度上，美国的生活很难适应。我主要的问题是语言。 goal目标；dream梦想；problem问题；weight重量。根据“I failed to understand much in the first few weeks”可知，语言是主要的问题。故选C。 7．句意：在最初的几周里我几乎听不懂什么，因为每个人都讲得很快。 slowly缓慢地；quickly快速地；clearly清晰地；angrily生气地。根据语境可知，是因为语速太快所以听不懂。故选B。 8．句意：虽然我很快设法适应了它，但仍存在困扰，因为当地人使用大量俗语 agreed同意；expected期待；managed设法；planned计划。manage to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“设法做成某事”，此处指作者设法适应了当地语速，though引导让步状语从句，前后语义转折，符合语境。故选C。 9．句意：他们日常的英语和我们在中国学的非常不同。 different不同的；absent缺席的；free自由的；safe安全的。根据“they used a lot of idioms”以及前文“everyone spoke so quickly”，可知他们的日常英语和我们在中国学的差异很大，故选A 10．句意：我真的很想念家里的饺子、米饭和美味的菜肴。 afforded买得起；missed想念；left离开；refused拒绝。根据语境可知，作者身处美国会想念中国的食物。故选B。 11．句意：他们不要求学生穿校服，所以学生几乎可以穿任何他们喜欢的衣服。 cause导致；allow允许；advise建议；require要求。根据“so students can wear almost whatever they like”可知，学校不要求穿校服。故选D。 12．句意：无论如何，我那一年有很多美好的回忆，尤其是在冬天的雪地里玩耍和打棒球。 memories回忆；advantages优势；faults缺点；interviews采访。根据“especially playing in the snow in winter and playing baseball”可知，这些是美好的回忆。故选A。 13．句意：在万圣节，我打扮成哈利・波特去参加了一个派对。 of属于；with和……一起；for为了；as作为。dress as为固定搭配，意为“打扮成、装扮成”，后接具体人物/角色，契合文中装扮成哈利・波特的语境。故选D。 14．句意：现在我对美国文化有了更多的了解。 influence影响；examine检查；understand理解；separate分开。根据“Anyway, I have many great…It was an exciting year for me.”可知，作者在美国的一年中经历了很多，拥有了很多美好的回忆，因此对美国文化有了更多理解。故选C。 15．句意：我的美国朋友问我很多关于中国生活的问题，这也让我思考自己的文化。 wait for等待；think about思考；take up开始；dream of梦想。根据前文“my American friends ask me many questions”可知，朋友的提问让作者思考自己的文化。故选B。 三、阅读理解 Nowadays, people usually shake hands when they meet each other. Do the Chinese always greet others like this? In fact, handshaking was introduced to our country around 100 years ago. There were several kinds of greeting etiquette in ancient China. Among them the fist and palm salute (拱手礼) was a quite common one, with a history of about 3,000 years. It was first used by people in the western Zhou Dynasty. In ancient (古代的) times, if people met a stranger, their hands were always ready to hold something used for fighting. Holding out both hands could make people feel relaxed. When people meet, men usually use their left hand to hold the right one. It’s believed that people considered (认为) the left as the important side for men in Chinese history. While for women, the important side is the right. So when they give the fist and palm salute, they should put their right hand on the top. When someone presents the fist and palm salute to you, you are supposed to do it back as well. In many wuxia or kung fu TV series and movies, people greet each other with the hold-fist salute, or baoquan in Chinese. The gesture (手势) is that the right hand is made a fist, while the left hand is to cover the right fist. It’s similar to the fist and palm salute, but they are different. Baoquan is widely used among kung fu masters and students. So, don’t make a mistake. 1．What does the underlined word “etiquette” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Need. B．Manners. C．Time. D．Groups. 2．Which picture shows the correct way for women to do the fist-and-palm salute? A． B． C． D． 3．If Mike wants to do the hold-fist salute, he should ________. A．keep his right hand open B．cover the right fist with his left hand C．use his left hand to hold the right one D．put his right hand on the top 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．There are no standards (标准) for these two salutes. B．The fist-and-palm salute is more common in kung fu. C．Now, people celebrate one’s birthday with the hold-fist salute. D．These two salutes seem similar, but they are quite different. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国古代的问候礼仪，重点阐述了“拱手礼”和“抱拳礼”两种手势的历史渊源、具体做法及适用人群的差异。 1．根据第二段“There were several kinds of greeting etiquette in ancient China. Among them the fist and palm salute was a quite common one...”，该句介绍中国古代的问候方式，后文具体描述拱手礼的做法，因此“etiquette”意为“礼仪、规矩”，与“Manners”同义。 2．根据第三段“While for women, the important side is the right. So when they give the fist and palm salute, they should put their right hand on the top.” ，文章明确指出女性行拱手礼时“右手在上”，因此正确图片应显示右手覆盖左手。 3．根据第四段“The gesture is that the right hand is made a fist, while the left hand is to cover the right fist.” ，文章直接说明抱拳礼的做法是“右手握拳，左手包住右拳”，因此Mike应该用左手盖住右拳。C项描述的是男性拱手礼，D项描述的是女性拱手礼，均不符合。 4．根据第四段“It’s similar to the fist and palm salute, but they are different.”，文章明确指出两种礼仪“相似但不同”，与D选项完全一致。A项错误，因为文章详细说明了标准；B项错误，抱拳礼在功夫中更常见；C项错误，文章未提及生日庆祝。 Good manners are the basic sign of a person’s quality, and they matter greatly in our everyday school life. As middle school students, we stay at school nearly half of our day, learning knowledge, communicating with teachers and getting along with classmates. Therefore, keeping polite and proper behaviour is not only a personal habit, but also an important part of growing up. Respect for teachers is one of the most basic school manners. We should listen attentively in class, follow teachers’ guidance and never interrupt while someone is speaking. Whenever we meet teachers in the hallway, on the playground or at the school gate, a warm greeting is always a small but meaningful way to show our respect. Getting on well with classmates also requires good manners. We should be honest, friendly and ready to give a hand when our classmates fall behind in study or meet personal troubles. It is rude and unkind to laugh at others’ mistakes or shortcomings. We should learn to understand and respect differences, and avoid quarrelling over little unimportant things. We also need to follow public rules on campus. Keep quiet in the library to create a peaceful study environment. Do not run, push or shout in hallways, for it may cause danger. Take good care of school public property and green plants, and never leave rubbish anywhere at will. A student with good manners can always win trust and respect from people around them. Good behaviour shapes a better self, and makes our school a more harmonious place to study and live. 1．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．How to study well at school B．The importance and rules of school manners C．How to get along with teachers D．Ways to get good grades at school 2．Which of the following is polite behaviour at school? A．Talking casually in class B．Laughing at helpless classmates C．Greeting teachers politely D．Running and shouting in the hallway 3．What should we do when our classmates meet difficulties? A．Laugh at them B．Refuse to help them C．Offer help to them D．Keep away from them 4．What behaviour should we avoid in the school library? A．Keeping quiet B．Reading books carefully C．Talking loudly D．Taking notes quietly 5．Which action is NOT proper according to the passage? A．Protecting school plants B．Throwing rubbish casually C．Being polite to teachers D．Getting on well with classmates 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了校园礼仪的重要性，以及尊重老师、友好对待同学、遵守公共规则等具体礼仪规范。 1．文章从校园礼仪的重要性展开，介绍了尊重老师、与同学相处、遵守公共规则等具体礼仪要求，核心主题是校园礼仪的重要性和相关规则，对应选项B。 2．文中第二段提到“a warm greeting is always a small but meaningful way to show our respect”，说明礼貌地问候老师是符合校园礼仪的行为；A、B、D选项都是不礼貌的行为。 3．文中第三段提到“ready to give a hand when our classmates fall behind in study or meet personal troubles”，说明当同学遇到困难时，我们应该主动提供帮助，对应选项C。 4．文中第四段提到“Keep quiet in the library to create a peaceful study environment”，说明在图书馆需要保持安静，大声说话是应该避免的行为，对应选项C。 5．文中第四段提到“never leave rubbish anywhere at will”，说明随意扔垃圾是不符合校园礼仪的行为；A、C、D选项都是正确的做法。 When you are invited to a formal dinner party in England, it is necessary to follow some proper social and table manners. Firstly, you are supposed to arrive on time. It is not polite to arrive too early or much too late. If you find you will be more than 15 minutes late, you should give the host a quick call ahead of time to explain your situation politely. Before eating, wait quietly until all the guests have taken their seats and the host begins to eat. Never start eating alone. You need to use knives and forks correctly all the time. It is rude to make noisy sounds while chewing, or talk freely with your mouth filled with food. When dishes are placed far on the other side of the table, do not lean over the table to get them by yourself. It is good manners to ask the people sitting beside you to pass the dishes to you gently. After the dinner is over, you are not supposed to leave immediately. It is polite to stay for a short time to chat with the host and other guests about relaxing daily topics. When you finally plan to leave, always express your sincere thanks to the host for the delicious meal and their warm hospitality. 1．If you are over 15 minutes late for an English dinner party, you should ________. A．wait outside quietly B．call the host politely in advance C．buy some gifts first D．go into the house directly 2．Which action is considered impolite at the dinner table in England? A．Waiting for others to start eating. B．Using knives and forks in a right way. C．Talking with food in your mouth. D．Asking others to pass distant food. 3．The underlined word “hospitality” in the passage means ________. A．热情款待 B．严格要求 C．日常习惯 D．餐桌规矩 4．What should you do right after the dinner? A．Leave the party at once. B．Chat with guests for some time. C．Refuse to communicate with the host. D．Have more dessert alone. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to make foreign friends in England. B．Basic manners of attending English dinner parties. C．Different kinds of traditional British food. D．How to greet strangers in Western countries. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在英国参加正式晚宴时需要遵循的一些恰当的社交和餐桌礼仪，包括赴宴时间、用餐前后的行为规范以及离席时的注意事项等。 1．第一段提到：“If you find you will be more than 15 minutes late, you should give the host a quick call ahead of time to explain your situation politely.” 这表明如果参加英国晚宴迟到超过15分钟，应该提前给主人打电话礼貌地解释情况。 2．第二段提到：“It is rude to make noisy sounds while chewing, or talk freely with your mouth filled with food.” 这说明在英国餐桌上嘴里塞满食物时自由交谈是不礼貌的行为。 3．第三段提到：“When you finally plan to leave, always express your sincere thanks to the host for the delicious meal and their warm hospitality.” 结合语境，在离开时要对主人美味的饭菜和热情的款待表达真诚感谢，“hospitality”意思是热情款待。 4．第三段提到：“After the dinner is over, you are not supposed to leave immediately. It is polite to stay for a short time to chat with the host and other guests about relaxing daily topics.” 这说明晚宴结束后不应该马上离开，应该和主人及其他客人就轻松的日常话题聊一会儿。 5．文章整体围绕在英国参加晚宴时需要遵循的社交和餐桌礼仪展开，所以文章主旨是参加英国晚宴的基本礼仪。 What things are acceptable when you are at the dinner table and what manners are rude? I will tell you some of the most important American table manners. When you sit down to eat, you should place the napkin (餐巾) across your lap. You should never talk with your mouth full and should chew with your mouth closed. If someone asks you a question while you are chewing, you should finish chewing and then swallow the food before answering. You should never drop scraps (残羹剩饭) on the table. Instead, place them on a spare plate. Besides, only put food on someone else’s plate if they ask for it. And if they say they don’t want anything else to eat or drink, then you shouldn’t give them anything else. Never use your knife or fork to point at others because it is rude. In China, I know it’s rude to point with your chopsticks. It’s common practice to place food into friends’ bowls and to put drinks in their glasses even after they have said they don’t want any more. It’s fine to drop the scraps onto the table. Besides, talking while you’re eating is okay. Manners are different all over the world and can even be different in different parts of a country. Have you ever seen foreigners do anything impolite? Is there anything you have done that they might see as impolite? 1．What should you do first when you sit down to eat in America? A．Place the napkin on the lap. B．Clean the plates. C．Take a photo of the food. D．Give thanks. 2．What can we know from the passage? A．American people don’t talk with others at the dinner table. B．It is common to place food into a friend’s bowl in America. C．American people like asking others to eat as much as possible. D．It is rude to point with the tableware in America and in China. 3．What is the structure of the passage?(P-Paragraph) A． B． C． D． 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Table Manners in America B．How to Behave Well in China C．American and Chinese Table Manners D．Manners All over the World 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国和中国在餐桌礼仪上的不同习惯，包括餐巾使用、咀嚼方式、残渣处理、为他人夹菜以及用餐具指点他人等行为。 1．根据第二段第二句“When you sit down to eat, you should place the napkin across your lap.”可知，在美国坐下吃饭时，首先应该将餐巾铺在腿上。 2．根据第二段最后一句“Never use your knife or fork to point at others because it is rude.”和第三段第一句“In China, I know it’s rude to point with your chopsticks.”可知，在美国用刀叉指人是不礼貌的，在中国用筷子指人也是不礼貌的，即用餐具指人在中美两国都是粗鲁行为。 3．文章第一段提出问题，引出话题；第二段介绍美国的餐桌礼仪；第三段介绍中国的餐桌礼仪；第四段总结并说明世界各地礼仪不同。故文章结构为：提出问题(P1)→分述中美礼仪(P2、P3)→总结升华(P4)。 4．文章通篇对比介绍了美国和中国在餐桌上的不同礼仪习惯，并非只讲美国或只讲中国，也非泛泛讲全世界。因此最佳标题是“美国与中国的餐桌礼仪”。A、B两个选项表述片面，D选项范围过大，故排除。 For teenagers, good daily manners are not only a basic quality, but also an important lesson during growth. Many students only pay attention to their school grades, but they fail to notice their daily behaviour in school and social life. In fact, small polite habits can greatly influence a person’s long-term development. At school, good manners include respecting teachers, getting on well with classmates and keeping classroom rules. You’d better not interrupt others when they are expressing their own ideas, and you should learn to listen to different opinions patiently. If you disagree with others, you need to show your ideas in a gentle and polite way instead of arguing loudly. Outside school, manners matter even more. When you join group activities or take part in social events, your behaviour will directly leave an impression on strangers. Keeping your promises, speaking in a polite tone and caring about others’ feelings can help you win respect and trust from people around you. Some students think manners are useless and waste time to follow. This idea is wrong. A person with good manners can easily control his feelings, solve problems in a rational way and build healthy interpersonal relationships. Politeness is never weak; it is a kind of self-discipline and wisdom. 1．What is some teenagers’ wrong idea about manners? A．Good manners are important for growth. B．It is a waste of time to follow manners. C．School rules help develop good manners. D．Polite behaviour wins people’s trust. 2．What should we do when we disagree with classmates? A．Argue with them loudly. B．Refuse to listen to their ideas. C．Express our opinions politely. D．Leave the classroom at once. 3．What does the underlined word “rational” mean? A．冲动的 B．理性的 C．消极的 D．片面的 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Grades Are Always the Most Important B．How to Get on Well with Strangers C．The Importance of Good Manners for Teens D．How to Develop Different Living Habits 5．What can we learn from this passage? A．Polite people are easy to get along with. B．Good manners can only be learned at school. C．Bad behaviour never influences our life. D．Manners have nothing to do with self-discipline. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了青少年日常良好礼仪的重要性，介绍了校园内外的礼貌行为规范，纠正了部分学生认为礼仪无用的错误观点，并点明礼貌是自律与智慧的体现。 1．第四段指出部分学生的错误观点：“Some students think manners are useless and waste time to follow.”，这直接说明了部分青少年对礼仪的错误看法。 2．第二段给出了意见不合时的做法：“If you disagree with others, you need to show your ideas in a gentle and polite way instead of arguing loudly.”，这说明了和同学意见不合时的正确做法。 3．第四段指出：“solve problems in a rational way”，结合上下文“控制情绪、解决问题”的语境，可推断“rational”意为“理性的”。 4．全文围绕“青少年良好礼仪的重要性” 展开，介绍了礼仪在校园、校外的作用，纠正了错误认知，核心主题是青少年礼仪的重要性。 5．第四段点明礼貌的影响：“A person with good manners can easily control his feelings, solve problems in a rational way and build healthy interpersonal relationships.”，由此可推断有礼貌的人容易相处。 四、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题，每小题答案不超过6个单词。 Nowadays, people usually shake hands when they meet each other. Do the Chinese always greet others like this? In fact, handshaking was introduced to our country around 100 years ago. There were several kinds of greetings in ancient China. Among them, the fist and palm salute (拱手礼) was quite a common one, with a history of about 3,000 years. It was first used by people in the Western Zhou Dynasty. In ancient times, if people met a stranger, their hands were always ready to hold something used for fighting. Holding out both hands could make people feel relaxed. When people meet, men usually use their left hand to hold the right one. It’s believed that people considered the left the important side for men in Chinese history. While for women, the important side is the right. So when they give the fist and palm salute, they should put their right hand on the top. When someone presents the fist and palm salute to you, you are supposed to do it back as well. In many wuxia or kung fu TV series and movies, people greet each other with the hold fist salute, or baoquan in Chinese. The gesture (手势) is that the right hand is made into a fist, while the left hand covers the right fist. It’s similar to the fist and palm salute, but they are different. Baoquan is widely used among kung fu masters and students. So, don’t make a mistake. 1．When was handshaking introduced to China? 2．Who first used the fist and palm salute? 3．How would ancient people feel by holding out both hands? 4．Where is baoquan widely used? 5．What do you think of preserving ancient Chinese greetings? 【答案】1．Around 100 years ago. 2．People in the Western Zhou Dynasty. 3．Relaxed/ They would feel relaxed. 4．Among kungfu masters and students. 5．It’s valuable/ helpful to spread Chinese culture. 【导语】本文主要介绍了拱手礼和抱拳礼的相关知识。 1．第一段直接说明“In fact, handshaking was introduced to our country around 100 years ago.”，这是原文中的具体时间信息，直接提取。 2．第二段明确提到“It was first used by people in the Western Zhou Dynasty.”，可直接提取信息作答。 3．第二段最后一句说明“Holding out both hands could make people feel relaxed.”，这是原文直接给出的感受描述。 4．最后一段直接说明“Baoquan is widely used among kung fu masters and students.”，可直接引用原文作答。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一。结合文章内容和自己对“传承古代问候方式”的看法，合理作答即可。 五、选词填空 从下面方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 polite  kind  respect  honest  promise  other  help  difference  follow  local When we travel to other countries, it’s important to learn about the 1 in manners between different cultures. The famous saying “When in Rome, do as the Romans do” tells us to 2 the local customs. First, we should be 3 to the local people. Say “please” when we ask for help, and say “thank you” when others 4 us. We should speak 5 to everyone, no matter who they are. Second, we should be 6 and keep our promises. If we make a 7 to the local people, we must keep it. This will help us win their 8 and trust. Third, we should learn about the 9 customs and follow them. Don’t do anything that is impolite in the local culture. If we do these things, we can have a nice trip in 10 countries, and we can also show the good manners of Chinese people to the world. 【答案】 1．differences 2．follow 3．polite 4．help 5．kindly 6．honest 7．promise 8．respect 9．local 10．other 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了出国旅行时了解不同文化礼仪差异的重要性，并从待人友善、诚实守信、尊重当地习俗三方面给出建议。 1．句意：当我们去其他国家旅行时，了解不同文化间的礼仪差异是很重要的。此处需要一个名词复数，“the…in manners”表示“礼仪方面的差异”，结合语境，故填differences（difference的复数形式）。 2．句意：名言“入乡随俗”告诉我们要遵循当地的习俗。此处需要一个动词原形，“to…the local customs”表示“遵循当地习俗”，故填follow。 3．句意：首先，我们应该对当地人有礼貌。结合后文“说‘请’和‘谢谢’”的礼貌行为，此处需要一个形容词，“be…to the local people”表示“对当地人有礼貌”，故填polite。 4．句意：当我们求助时说“请”，当别人帮助我们时说“谢谢”。此处需要一个动词原形作谓语，“when others…us”表示“别人帮助我们”，故填help。 5．句意：无论对方是谁，我们都应该友善地对每个人说话。此处需要一个副词修饰动词speak，“speak…to everyone”表示“友善地对每个人说话”，故填kindly（kind的副词形式）。 6．句意：其次，我们应该诚实守信。结合后文“信守承诺”的具体内容，此处需要一个形容词，“be…and keep our promises”表示“诚实守信”，故填honest。 7．句意：如果我们对当地人许下承诺，就必须遵守。此处需要一个单数名词，构成“make a…to the local people”的结构，“make a promise”表示“许下承诺”，符合语境，故填promise。 8．句意：这将帮助我们赢得他们的尊重与信任。此处需要一个名词，与trust“信任”并列，表示“尊重”，故填respect。 9．句意：第三，我们应该了解当地习俗并遵守它们。结合后文“不要做当地文化中不礼貌的事”，此处需要一个形容词修饰名词customs，表示“当地的习俗”，故填local。 10．句意：如果我们做到这些，我们就能在其他国家有一次愉快的旅行，也能向世界展示中国人的良好礼仪。此处需要一个形容词修饰名词countries，“in…countries”表示“在其他国家”，故填other。 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 mean buy be symbol common use on country usual we People like to give gifts to others on big days. But there are different rules about gift-giving in different 1 . In China, clocks, shoes and gifts in odd (奇数的) numbers are not welcome. And gifts in black are not a good idea either. Also, people don’t need to 2 big gifts. The meaning behind gifts is more important. For Chinese, a small gift 3 a lot. Red is a 4 of good luck, so people often use red wrapping paper (包装纸). In America, people don’t like expensive gifts. What gifts do they 5 give their friends? They usually choose some 6 things like books, candies, or handmade cookies. People say thanks first and then open the gift in front of the giver. Things 7 different in Russia. People there spend a lot of money 8 gifts. It’s 9 for them to give gifts like pencils, pens and notebooks. When people visit a Russian home, they often bring some chocolates or flowers. After people get the gift, they don’t open it in front of the giver. Understanding these differences helps 10 respect and enjoy cultures. It can also help people show their kindness and thanks in right ways. 【答案】 1．countries 2．buy 3．means 4．symbol 5．usually 6．useful 7．are 8．on 9．uncommon 10．us 【导语】本文介绍了中国、美国、俄罗斯在送礼习俗上的不同规则与偏好，帮助人们理解文化差异，以恰当方式表达善意与感谢。 1．句意：但是在不同的国家，关于送礼有不同的规则。根据“But there are different rules about gift-giving in different...”和下文每段开头“In China”“In America”“in Russia”并结合备选词汇可知，中国、美国和俄罗斯属于不同的“国家”。country“国家”，名词，位于different之后，使用复数countries。故填countries。 2．句意：而且，人们不需要买贵重的礼物。根据“people don’t need to...big gifts.”并结合备选词汇可知，人们不需要“买”贵重的礼物。buy“买”，动词；根据need to do sth.可知，此处使用动词原形。故填buy。 3．句意：对中国人来说，一份小礼物意义重大。根据“For Chinese, a small gift...a lot.”并结合备选词汇可知，对中国人来说，一份小礼物“意味着”很多。mean“意味着”，动词；本句描述客观情况，使用一般现在时，主语a small gift为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词使用单三形式means。故填means。 4．句意：红色是好运的象征，所以人们常用红色的包装纸。根据“Red is a...of good luck”并结合备选词汇可知，红色是好运的“象征”。symbol“象征”，名词，位于a之后，使用单数。故填symbol。 5．句意：他们通常给朋友送什么礼物？根据“What gifts do they...give their friends?”并结合备选词汇可知，他们“通常”给朋友送什么礼物？usual“通常的”，形容词，此处需使用副词usually，修饰后面的动词give。故填usually。 6．句意：他们通常会选一些有用的东西，比如书、糖果或者手工曲奇。根据“They usually choose some...things like books, candies, or handmade cookies.”并结合备选词汇可知，他们通常会选一些有用的东西，比如书、糖果或者手工曲奇。use“使用”，动词，需使用形容词useful，修饰后面的名词things。故填useful。 7．句意：在俄罗斯，情况有所不同。根据“Things...different in Russia.”并结合备选词汇可知，在俄罗斯，情况“是”不同的。be“是”，动词；本句描述客观情况，使用一般现在时，主语Things为复数，所以使用复数are。故填are。 8．句意：那里的人会花很多钱在礼物上。根据“People there spend a lot of money...gifts.”并结合备选词汇可知，那里的人会在礼物上花很多钱。spend money on sth.意为“在某物上花钱”，此处使用介词on。故填on。 9．句意：对他们来说，送铅笔、钢笔和笔记本这类礼物是不常见的。根据“It’s...for them to give gifts like pencils, pens and notebooks.”和后句“they often bring some chocolates or flowers.”并结合备选词汇可知，在俄罗斯，送铅笔、钢笔和笔记本这类礼物是“不常见”的，他们通常会送巧克力和花。common“常见的”，形容词，需在其前加否定前缀un-，构成uncommon“不常见”。故填uncommon。 10．句意：理解这些差异有助于我们尊重和欣赏不同的文化。根据“Understanding these differences helps...respect and enjoy cultures.”并结合备选词汇可知，理解这些差异有助于我们尊重和欣赏不同的文化。we“我们”，人称代词主格，位于动词helps之后，需使用宾格us。故填us。 六、书面表达 1．假如你校英文校刊正在征集以日常社交礼仪为主题的稿件，请你根据提示，以“How to Have Good Manners”为题写一篇英语短文，介绍生活中必备的礼貌行为。 要点提示： 1. 礼貌待人的重要性； 2. 校园、公共场所与人交往中的礼仪做法； 3. 争做懂礼仪的中学生。 要求： 1. 包含所有要点，可适当拓展； 2. 语言通顺，时态正确，条理清晰； 3. 词数:80-100； 4. 不得出现真实校名、人名。 How to Have Good Manners _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文： How to Have Good Manners Good manners are essential because they show respect and kindness, helping to build positive relationships. Without proper etiquette, misunderstandings or conflicts may easily arise. At school, always greet teachers and classmates politely. Say “please”, “thank you”, and “excuse me”. Avoid interrupting others when they speak. In public places, queue patiently, keep the environment clean, and offer seats to the elderly or those in need. As middle school students, we should practice good manners every day. Let’s lead by example and encourage others to do the same, making the world a more pleasant place for everyone. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：说明文，用一般现在时为主 明确要点：礼貌待人的重要性、校园及公共场所交往中的礼仪做法、争做懂礼仪的中学生 确定人称：第三人称（they）及第一人称（we/us） 注意事项：不得透露真实校名和人名 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起句，阐述礼貌待人的重要性 主体段：分别介绍校园、公共场所与人交往中的礼仪做法 结尾段：呼吁争做懂礼仪的中学生 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：礼貌待人的重要性 重要性说明：show respect and kindness/display consideration/demonstrate politeness等 作用效果：help to build positive relationships/create a harmonious atmosphere/improve interpersonal relationships等 负面情况：Without proper etiquette, misunderstandings or conflicts may easily arise/Without good manners, it’s easy to cause trouble or hurt others’ feelings等 要点二：校园、公共场所与人交往中的礼仪做法 校园礼仪：At school, always greet teachers and classmates politely/In the campus, be polite when communicating with teachers and peers等；Say “please”, “thank you”, and “excuse me”/Use polite words like “sorry”, “welcome”等；Avoid interrupting others when they speak/Don’t cut in when others are talking等 公共场所礼仪：In public places, queue patiently/When in public, wait in line calmly等；keep the environment clean/maintain the cleanliness of the surroundings等；offer seats to the elderly or those in need/give seats to the old or the disabled等 要点三：争做懂礼仪的中学生 做法：As middle school students, we should practice good manners every day/As teenagers, we ought to behave politely every day等 呼吁：Let’s lead by example and encourage others to do the same/Let us set a good example and inspire others to follow suit等；making the world a more pleasant place for everyone/creating a more beautiful world for all等 1．假如你是陆风，你的英国笔友 Robert 即将来中国旅行，特意给你发了一封电子邮件咨询中国日常礼仪。请你根据邮件内容，给Robert回一封电子邮件，帮他避免因文化差异闹笑话。Robert的邮件如下： Dear Lu Feng, Hi! How are you doing? I’m so excited because I’m going to visit China next month! I’ve always been interested in Chinese culture, but I’m a little worried about the daily manners. I don’t want to make stupid mistakes because of cultural differences. Could you please tell me some important manners in common situations, like visiting friends, going to museums or eating in restaurants? I really need your help! Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Robert 注意事项： 1.要求语句通顺，意思连贯; 2.词数不少于90，回复邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Robert, I’m so glad to hear you’ re coming to China! It’s really smart of you to ask about our manners first, and I am going to share some helpful advice. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ You should follow these rules to avoid unpleasant moments. I hope you will find my advice useful, and I’m looking forward to your wonderful trip in China! Yours, Lu Feng 【答案】范文： Dear Robert, I’m so glad to hear you’ re coming to China! It’s really smart of you to ask about our manners first, and I am going to share some helpful advice.         When it comes to visiting friends, you should arrive on time. Also, you can’t go wrong with bringing a small gift. Remember to use nín to address others in a formal situation. The rules in Chinese museums are similar to those in the UK. For example, you must keep quiet and never touch the artworks. You’d better not take photos of some artworks unless it is allowed. When eating in restaurants, you should keep your voices down. Remember that we use chopsticks and usually don’t leave tips here. After finishing, you can put your chopsticks on the bowl or plate. You should follow these rules to avoid unpleasant moments. I hope you will find my advice useful, and I’m looking forward to your wonderful trip in China! Yours, Lu Feng 【详解】写作步骤 【第一步：审题立意】 确定文体： 回信，以一般现在时为主 明确要点： 介绍三种场合的中国礼仪 确定人称： 第二人称（you/your） 注意事项：要求语句通顺，意思连贯 【第二步：构思布局】 三段式结构 （开头和结尾已给出） 主体段： 针对拜访朋友、参观博物馆和在餐厅吃饭三种场合给出合适的礼仪建议 【第三步：要点展开】 要点一：拜访朋友的礼仪 访友建议：arrive on time/bringing a small gift/use nín to address others in a formal situation/knock on the door before entering/When it’s time to leave, don’t forget to say thank you for the warm welcome.等 要点二：参观博物馆的礼仪 参观博物馆建议：similar to those in the UK/keep quiet and never touch the artworks/not take photos of some artworks unless it is allowed/Also, you shouldn't eat or drink inside./If you want to know more about something, you can read the introductions on the wall or ask the guides politely. 要点三：在餐厅吃饭的礼仪 就餐建议：keep your voices down/use chopsticks and usually don’t leave tips here/After finishing, you can put your chopsticks on the bowl or plate./not speak with your mouth full等 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Good manners单元话题练 （语法填空+短文首字母填空+阅读+完形+选词填空+写作） 一、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Good manners are important in our daily life. They are good 1 us to get along well with others. We must 2 (be) polite to everyone around us. We can’t be rude 3 people. When we meet our friends, we should greet them with a smile. Our parents and teachers are strict 4 us about manners, 5 they want us to be better people. We can’t talk loudly in public places like libraries or hospitals. We must wait in line when we are waiting for the bus. We should say “Excuse me” when we need to pass by someone. It’s necessary 6 (learn) good table manners too. For example, we shouldn’t eat with our hands in western countries. It’s important 7 (follow) these rules. 8 (have) good manners helps us make more friends. Some people think good manners are not necessary, 9 (lucky), most people know they are important. Let’s keep good manners 10 (careful) every day and make our life better. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dear Laura, Thanks for your message. Yes, I’m having a great time on my exchange programme in France. I was a bit nervous before I arrived here, but there was no reason to be. My host family is really nice. They try their best 1 (make) me feel at home. The grandmother has a teenage granddaughter at about 2 (I) age who is really kind. She always talks to me in French to help me practise. And you wouldn’t believe how quickly my French has 3 (improve)! I’m very comfortable speaking French now. Though I still make lots of 4 (mistake), it doesn’t worry me as it used to. My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table. 5 you can imagine, things are really different from the way they are at home. For example, you shouldn’t put your bread on your plate. You 6 (suppose) to put it on the table! I thought that was pretty strange 7 first, but now I’m used to it. You shouldn’t eat anything with your hands except bread, not even fruit. You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork. Another thing is that it is very 8 (polite) to say you’re full. If you don’t want any more food, you should just say, “It was delicious.” Also, you shouldn’t put your elbows on the table. I have to say that I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m 9 (gradual) getting used to it. I don’t find French customs so strange any more. I’ll write again soon and tell you more about my life in France. Hope you are having 10 good school year. Yours, Lin Yue 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In many Asian countries, it is normal for people to eat with chopsticks. However, there are some rules about how to use them 1 (proper). Firstly, don’t stick your chopsticks into food. That is very 2 (polite) and even considered unlucky in some cultures. Secondly, don’t pull dishes close to you with your chopsticks. It is 3 (proper) to reach for food. Thirdly, don’t point at others with your chopsticks or wave them around when you talk. It is seen as 4 (friendly) and rude. 5 (last) but not least, hold your chopsticks correctly. Using chopsticks looks easy, but it can actually be a little 6 (challenge). Many people feel 7 (confuse) at first, because there are many rules to remember. Some people even feel 8 (embarrass) when they drop food or use chopsticks the wrong way. But don’t worry. With practice, you will get better. The key is to keep trying. It’s 9 (common) to make mistakes when learning something new. Soon, you’ll find that using chopsticks is not as difficult as you think. It’s 10 (interest) to learn about different table manners around the world. 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Good manners in public places are very important for everyone. They show your respect for o 1 people, and they can make the public environment more comfortable for everyone. When you are in a museum, you should keep q 2 . Don’t talk loudly or run around. Don’t touch the exhibits, and don’t take photos i 3 it is not allowed. When you are in a cinema, you should arrive on time. If you are late, you should walk in q 4 and don’t disturb other people who are watching the movie. Don’t talk during the movie, and turn o 5 your phone or put it on silent mode. When you take the bus or the subway, you should wait in line patiently. Don’t j 6 the line. You should give your s 7 to the old, the disabled, or women with babies. Don’t eat or drink on the bus, because it may make the vehicle dirty. Good manners in public places are not difficult to learn. You just need to think about others before you a 8 . Don’t do anything that will make others feel u 9 . Remember: your good manners can make the world a b 10 place. 根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。 The UK is a country with good manners. How can you behave properly as a stranger in the UK? Here is some u 1 information for you. British people usually say “hello” or “nice to meet you” and shake your hand when they meet you for the f 2 time. They only greet relatives or c 3 friends with a kiss. They like to start a conversation with s 4 like the weather, holidays, music or books. They avoid t 5 about age, weight or money. In public, British people always keep their voice down instead of shouting or laughing l 6 . If you’re in their way, they’ll say “e 7 me” and be polite enough to wait till you move. British people are p 8 at home too. They say “please” or “thank you” all the time. Instead of saying “no”, they often say “I’m all right, thank you” when they want to r 9 something. Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” When we are in a s 10 place, we should try to understand and respect (尊重) the local culture. 二、完形填空 Lin Fei is studying English in New York now. He has not been there long, and he is quite amazed at the great 1 between American and Chinese cultures. For one thing, Americans and Chinese are different in arranging (安排) a visit. The Chinese usually call on their friends unexpectedly. However, Americans 2 making an appointment (预约) ahead. An unexpected visit is regarded as 3 . For another thing, their table 4 are different. Chinese usually eat directly from the serving dish. And during the meal, the hosts may keep putting food on the guests’ plates. However, an American only eats from 5 own plate. He never picks up food for others 6 he isn’t asked to do so. What’s more, they 7 differently when they receive complimentary remarks (赞美之辞). When a Chinese hostess is 8 for her cooking skills, for example, she will apologize (道歉) for being a poor cook at once. Yet an American hostess is likely to accept it. “Oh, I’m glad that you enjoy it. I went out of my way to cook it for you.” At the beginning, it was hard for Lin Fei to 9 things around him because of these cultural differences. But soon, he succeeded 10 adjusting to (适应) their way of doing things. “When in Rome, do as the Romans do,” he’d like to say when he was asked how he could get along in a new culture. 1．A．efforts B．customs C．senses D．differences 2．A．prefer B．cancel C．regret D．mind 3．A．impolite B．easy C．sudden D．local 4．A．opinions B．courses C．manners D．performances 5．A．her B．his C．your D．their 6．A．unless B．if C．so D．though 7．A．manage B．greet C．behave D．value 8．A．supposed B．exchanged C．allowed D．praised 9．A．stick to B．get used to C．pass by D．end up with 10．A．in B．at C．on D．with 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 A gift is necessary when one is invited to visit friends in China. After greetings, the 1 should be passed immediately to the host. Remember that usually Chinese people will not open the gift in front of the person who gives 2 . To show the respect, it may be 3 to explain what the gift is. Bringing some health tonics (营养品) to the elders in the family is a good idea. You can also 4 some small gifts for the spouse (配偶) or kids of the host. The host usually makes full 5 by carefully tidying up the house and cooking a lot of delicious dishes. 6 the meal is well prepared, the host may say to the guest politely, “My preparation is not enough. Please excuse me 7 my poor treat.” As a guest, you should make the host believe that there is plenty to eat by 8 the food. While eating, the elders will use chopsticks to pick up food for guests as a 9 and ask them to eat more. As a guest, you should accept their goodwill readily. But nowadays, the younger people do the 10 way less. After dinner, tea and fruit are usually 11 . When the guests are to leave, the host may still politely ask them to 12 . They don’t have to take it 13 and they can try to find a good time to leave. This doesn’t mean that leaving early is always a good 14 as the host may feel that the guests are not satisfied with the treat. The right time to leave 15 the situation. 1．A．photo B．greeting C．gift D．prize 2．A．it B．them C．that D．one 3．A．necessary B．careful C．comfortable D．wise 4．A．see B．bring C．accept D．order 5．A．plans B．decisions C．preparations D．chances 6．A．Unless B．Although C．Because D．Since 7．A．of B．about C．for D．from 8．A．dropping B．accepting C．cooking D．praising 9．A．hobby B．friendship C．custom D．connection 10．A．traditional B．international C．professional D．natural 11．A．served B．bought C．placed D．made 12．A．sit B．help C．relax D．stay 13．A．completely B．seriously C．probably D．widely 14．A．subject B．education C．idea D．introduction 15．A．works out B．sticks to C．depends on D．feels like 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从下列各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。 My name is Brad Li. I’m here today to tell you about my 1 as an exchange student in the United States last year. I must admit (承认) that at first America was a big culture shock for 2 . Many things were 3 to me: the language, the food and even the school. I stayed with a host family in a small town. My host parents, Mr. and Mrs. Hurst, were very 4 . They organized a lot of activities for me in my spare time 5 I seldom felt lonely. However, to a certain degree, life in the US was hard to get used to. My main 6 was with the language. I failed to understand much in the first few weeks because everyone spoke so 7 . Though I soon 8 to get used to it, I still had problems because they used a lot of idioms (俗语). For example, they often say they are “under the weather” when they are ill. Their everyday English is very 9 from what we learn in China. Another difference was the food. My host family always had bread, potatoes and salad for meals. I really 10 the dumplings, rice and delicious dishes from home. School was a big shock too. They do not 11 students to wear uniforms, so students can wear almost whatever they like. Some students have strange hairstyles (发型) as well. Anyway, I have many great 12 of that year, especially playing in the snow in winter and playing baseball. On Halloween, I went to a party dressed 13 Harry Potter. On Thanksgiving, we had a big dinner with a huge turkey. It was an exciting year for me. Now I 14 more about American culture. My American friends ask me many questions about life in China, and this makes me 15 my own culture as well. 1．A．activity B．nature C．party D．experience 2．A．you B．me C．her D．him 3．A．right B．smooth C．comfortable D．strange 4．A．kind B．busy C．proud D．awful 5．A．after B．but C．or D．so 6．A．goal B．dream C．problem D．weight 7．A．slowly B．quickly C．clearly D．angrily 8．A．agreed B．expected C．managed D．planned 9．A．different B．absent C．free D．safe 10．A．afforded B．missed C．left D．refused 11．A．cause B．allow C．advise D．require 12．A．memories B．advantages C．faults D．interviews 13．A．of B．with C．for D．as 14．A．influence B．examine C．understand D．separate 15．A．wait for B．think about C．take up D．dream of 三、阅读理解 Nowadays, people usually shake hands when they meet each other. Do the Chinese always greet others like this? In fact, handshaking was introduced to our country around 100 years ago. There were several kinds of greeting etiquette in ancient China. Among them the fist and palm salute (拱手礼) was a quite common one, with a history of about 3,000 years. It was first used by people in the western Zhou Dynasty. In ancient (古代的) times, if people met a stranger, their hands were always ready to hold something used for fighting. Holding out both hands could make people feel relaxed. When people meet, men usually use their left hand to hold the right one. It’s believed that people considered (认为) the left as the important side for men in Chinese history. While for women, the important side is the right. So when they give the fist and palm salute, they should put their right hand on the top. When someone presents the fist and palm salute to you, you are supposed to do it back as well. In many wuxia or kung fu TV series and movies, people greet each other with the hold-fist salute, or baoquan in Chinese. The gesture (手势) is that the right hand is made a fist, while the left hand is to cover the right fist. It’s similar to the fist and palm salute, but they are different. Baoquan is widely used among kung fu masters and students. So, don’t make a mistake. 1．What does the underlined word “etiquette” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Need. B．Manners. C．Time. D．Groups. 2．Which picture shows the correct way for women to do the fist-and-palm salute? A． B． C． D． 3．If Mike wants to do the hold-fist salute, he should ________. A．keep his right hand open B．cover the right fist with his left hand C．use his left hand to hold the right one D．put his right hand on the top 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．There are no standards (标准) for these two salutes. B．The fist-and-palm salute is more common in kung fu. C．Now, people celebrate one’s birthday with the hold-fist salute. D．These two salutes seem similar, but they are quite different. Good manners are the basic sign of a person’s quality, and they matter greatly in our everyday school life. As middle school students, we stay at school nearly half of our day, learning knowledge, communicating with teachers and getting along with classmates. Therefore, keeping polite and proper behaviour is not only a personal habit, but also an important part of growing up. Respect for teachers is one of the most basic school manners. We should listen attentively in class, follow teachers’ guidance and never interrupt while someone is speaking. Whenever we meet teachers in the hallway, on the playground or at the school gate, a warm greeting is always a small but meaningful way to show our respect. Getting on well with classmates also requires good manners. We should be honest, friendly and ready to give a hand when our classmates fall behind in study or meet personal troubles. It is rude and unkind to laugh at others’ mistakes or shortcomings. We should learn to understand and respect differences, and avoid quarrelling over little unimportant things. We also need to follow public rules on campus. Keep quiet in the library to create a peaceful study environment. Do not run, push or shout in hallways, for it may cause danger. Take good care of school public property and green plants, and never leave rubbish anywhere at will. A student with good manners can always win trust and respect from people around them. Good behaviour shapes a better self, and makes our school a more harmonious place to study and live. 1．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．How to study well at school B．The importance and rules of school manners C．How to get along with teachers D．Ways to get good grades at school 2．Which of the following is polite behaviour at school? A．Talking casually in class B．Laughing at helpless classmates C．Greeting teachers politely D．Running and shouting in the hallway 3．What should we do when our classmates meet difficulties? A．Laugh at them B．Refuse to help them C．Offer help to them D．Keep away from them 4．What behaviour should we avoid in the school library? A．Keeping quiet B．Reading books carefully C．Talking loudly D．Taking notes quietly 5．Which action is NOT proper according to the passage? A．Protecting school plants B．Throwing rubbish casually C．Being polite to teachers D．Getting on well with classmates When you are invited to a formal dinner party in England, it is necessary to follow some proper social and table manners. Firstly, you are supposed to arrive on time. It is not polite to arrive too early or much too late. If you find you will be more than 15 minutes late, you should give the host a quick call ahead of time to explain your situation politely. Before eating, wait quietly until all the guests have taken their seats and the host begins to eat. Never start eating alone. You need to use knives and forks correctly all the time. It is rude to make noisy sounds while chewing, or talk freely with your mouth filled with food. When dishes are placed far on the other side of the table, do not lean over the table to get them by yourself. It is good manners to ask the people sitting beside you to pass the dishes to you gently. After the dinner is over, you are not supposed to leave immediately. It is polite to stay for a short time to chat with the host and other guests about relaxing daily topics. When you finally plan to leave, always express your sincere thanks to the host for the delicious meal and their warm hospitality. 1．If you are over 15 minutes late for an English dinner party, you should ________. A．wait outside quietly B．call the host politely in advance C．buy some gifts first D．go into the house directly 2．Which action is considered impolite at the dinner table in England? A．Waiting for others to start eating. B．Using knives and forks in a right way. C．Talking with food in your mouth. D．Asking others to pass distant food. 3．The underlined word “hospitality” in the passage means ________. A．热情款待 B．严格要求 C．日常习惯 D．餐桌规矩 4．What should you do right after the dinner? A．Leave the party at once. B．Chat with guests for some time. C．Refuse to communicate with the host. D．Have more dessert alone. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to make foreign friends in England. B．Basic manners of attending English dinner parties. C．Different kinds of traditional British food. D．How to greet strangers in Western countries. What things are acceptable when you are at the dinner table and what manners are rude? I will tell you some of the most important American table manners. When you sit down to eat, you should place the napkin (餐巾) across your lap. You should never talk with your mouth full and should chew with your mouth closed. If someone asks you a question while you are chewing, you should finish chewing and then swallow the food before answering. You should never drop scraps (残羹剩饭) on the table. Instead, place them on a spare plate. Besides, only put food on someone else’s plate if they ask for it. And if they say they don’t want anything else to eat or drink, then you shouldn’t give them anything else. Never use your knife or fork to point at others because it is rude. In China, I know it’s rude to point with your chopsticks. It’s common practice to place food into friends’ bowls and to put drinks in their glasses even after they have said they don’t want any more. It’s fine to drop the scraps onto the table. Besides, talking while you’re eating is okay. Manners are different all over the world and can even be different in different parts of a country. Have you ever seen foreigners do anything impolite? Is there anything you have done that they might see as impolite? 1．What should you do first when you sit down to eat in America? A．Place the napkin on the lap. B．Clean the plates. C．Take a photo of the food. D．Give thanks. 2．What can we know from the passage? A．American people don’t talk with others at the dinner table. B．It is common to place food into a friend’s bowl in America. C．American people like asking others to eat as much as possible. D．It is rude to point with the tableware in America and in China. 3．What is the structure of the passage?(P-Paragraph) A． B． C． D． 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Table Manners in America B．How to Behave Well in China C．American and Chinese Table Manners D．Manners All over the World For teenagers, good daily manners are not only a basic quality, but also an important lesson during growth. Many students only pay attention to their school grades, but they fail to notice their daily behaviour in school and social life. In fact, small polite habits can greatly influence a person’s long-term development. At school, good manners include respecting teachers, getting on well with classmates and keeping classroom rules. You’d better not interrupt others when they are expressing their own ideas, and you should learn to listen to different opinions patiently. If you disagree with others, you need to show your ideas in a gentle and polite way instead of arguing loudly. Outside school, manners matter even more. When you join group activities or take part in social events, your behaviour will directly leave an impression on strangers. Keeping your promises, speaking in a polite tone and caring about others’ feelings can help you win respect and trust from people around you. Some students think manners are useless and waste time to follow. This idea is wrong. A person with good manners can easily control his feelings, solve problems in a rational way and build healthy interpersonal relationships. Politeness is never weak; it is a kind of self-discipline and wisdom. 1．What is some teenagers’ wrong idea about manners? A．Good manners are important for growth. B．It is a waste of time to follow manners. C．School rules help develop good manners. D．Polite behaviour wins people’s trust. 2．What should we do when we disagree with classmates? A．Argue with them loudly. B．Refuse to listen to their ideas. C．Express our opinions politely. D．Leave the classroom at once. 3．What does the underlined word “rational” mean? A．冲动的 B．理性的 C．消极的 D．片面的 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Grades Are Always the Most Important B．How to Get on Well with Strangers C．The Importance of Good Manners for Teens D．How to Develop Different Living Habits 5．What can we learn from this passage? A．Polite people are easy to get along with. B．Good manners can only be learned at school. C．Bad behaviour never influences our life. D．Manners have nothing to do with self-discipline. 四、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题，每小题答案不超过6个单词。 Nowadays, people usually shake hands when they meet each other. Do the Chinese always greet others like this? In fact, handshaking was introduced to our country around 100 years ago. There were several kinds of greetings in ancient China. Among them, the fist and palm salute (拱手礼) was quite a common one, with a history of about 3,000 years. It was first used by people in the Western Zhou Dynasty. In ancient times, if people met a stranger, their hands were always ready to hold something used for fighting. Holding out both hands could make people feel relaxed. When people meet, men usually use their left hand to hold the right one. It’s believed that people considered the left the important side for men in Chinese history. While for women, the important side is the right. So when they give the fist and palm salute, they should put their right hand on the top. When someone presents the fist and palm salute to you, you are supposed to do it back as well. In many wuxia or kung fu TV series and movies, people greet each other with the hold fist salute, or baoquan in Chinese. The gesture (手势) is that the right hand is made into a fist, while the left hand covers the right fist. It’s similar to the fist and palm salute, but they are different. Baoquan is widely used among kung fu masters and students. So, don’t make a mistake. 1．When was handshaking introduced to China? 2．Who first used the fist and palm salute? 3．How would ancient people feel by holding out both hands? 4．Where is baoquan widely used? 5．What do you think of preserving ancient Chinese greetings? 五、选词填空 从下面方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 polite  kind  respect  honest  promise  other  help  difference  follow  local When we travel to other countries, it’s important to learn about the 1 in manners between different cultures. The famous saying “When in Rome, do as the Romans do” tells us to 2 the local customs. First, we should be 3 to the local people. Say “please” when we ask for help, and say “thank you” when others 4 us. We should speak 5 to everyone, no matter who they are. Second, we should be 6 and keep our promises. If we make a 7 to the local people, we must keep it. This will help us win their 8 and trust. Third, we should learn about the 9 customs and follow them. Don’t do anything that is impolite in the local culture. If we do these things, we can have a nice trip in 10 countries, and we can also show the good manners of Chinese people to the world. 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 mean buy be symbol common use on country usual we People like to give gifts to others on big days. But there are different rules about gift-giving in different 1 . In China, clocks, shoes and gifts in odd (奇数的) numbers are not welcome. And gifts in black are not a good idea either. Also, people don’t need to 2 big gifts. The meaning behind gifts is more important. For Chinese, a small gift 3 a lot. Red is a 4 of good luck, so people often use red wrapping paper (包装纸). In America, people don’t like expensive gifts. What gifts do they 5 give their friends? They usually choose some 6 things like books, candies, or handmade cookies. People say thanks first and then open the gift in front of the giver. Things 7 different in Russia. People there spend a lot of money 8 gifts. It’s 9 for them to give gifts like pencils, pens and notebooks. When people visit a Russian home, they often bring some chocolates or flowers. After people get the gift, they don’t open it in front of the giver. Understanding these differences helps 10 respect and enjoy cultures. It can also help people show their kindness and thanks in right ways. 六、书面表达 1．假如你校英文校刊正在征集以日常社交礼仪为主题的稿件，请你根据提示，以“How to Have Good Manners”为题写一篇英语短文，介绍生活中必备的礼貌行为。 要点提示： 1. 礼貌待人的重要性； 2. 校园、公共场所与人交往中的礼仪做法； 3. 争做懂礼仪的中学生。 要求： 1. 包含所有要点，可适当拓展； 2. 语言通顺，时态正确，条理清晰； 3. 词数:80-100； 4. 不得出现真实校名、人名。 How to Have Good Manners _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1．假如你是陆风，你的英国笔友 Robert 即将来中国旅行，特意给你发了一封电子邮件咨询中国日常礼仪。请你根据邮件内容，给Robert回一封电子邮件，帮他避免因文化差异闹笑话。Robert的邮件如下： Dear Lu Feng, Hi! How are you doing? I’m so excited because I’m going to visit China next month! I’ve always been interested in Chinese culture, but I’m a little worried about the daily manners. I don’t want to make stupid mistakes because of cultural differences. Could you please tell me some important manners in common situations, like visiting friends, going to museums or eating in restaurants? I really need your help! Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Robert 注意事项： 1.要求语句通顺，意思连贯; 2.词数不少于90，回复邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Robert, I’m so glad to hear you’ re coming to China! It’s really smart of you to ask about our manners first, and I am going to share some helpful advice. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ You should follow these rules to avoid unpleasant moments. I hope you will find my advice useful, and I’m looking forward to your wonderful trip in China! Yours, Lu Feng 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $