内容正文:
小升初英语专题总复习
专题23 时态辨析
考点梳理
小学英语核心考查四大时态:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时,用于描述不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态,是小升初必考基础考点。
中
考点一 四大时态核心精讲
一般现在时
1. 定义:表示经常性、习惯性动作、客观真理或现在的状态。
2. 时间标志词:always、usually、often、sometimes、every day/week/year、on Sundays......
3. 动词第三人称单数的变化规则
规 则
示 例
一般情况下,直接在动词后面加-s.
take——takes run——runs
play——plays see——sees
以s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词,通常在动词后面加-es.
guess——guesses fix——fixes
teach——teaches wash——washes
go——goes do——does
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,先将y变i,再加-es.
study——studies fly——flies
特殊变化
have——has be—is是
4. 句式结构
· 肯定句:主语 + 动词原形 / 三单 + 其他
例:I go to school on foot.我步行去上学。
She likes reading books.她喜欢看书。
· 否定句:主语 + don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形 + 其他
例:They don’t watch TV at night.他们晚上不看电视。
· 一般疑问句:Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
例:—Do you get up early?你早起吗? —Yes, I do.是的,我早起。
一般过去时
1. 定义:表示过去某个时间发生的动作、过去的状态或过去习惯性动作。
2. 时间标志词:yesterday、last week/year、...ago、just now、in 2025......
3. 动词过去式的变化规则
· 动词过去式的规则变化
规 则
示 例
一般在动词词尾直接加-ed.
pick——picked play——played
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词加-d.
live——lived hope——hoped
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,先将y变为i,再加-ed.
carry——carried cry——cried
以重读闭音节结尾并且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed.
drop——dropped stop——stopped
· 动词过去式的不规则变化(注意总结不规则变化中的规律)
(1)i—a
drink—drank swim—swam give—gave begin—began sing—sang sit—sat
(2)i—o
write—wrote ride—rode
(3) eep—ept
keep—kept sleep—slept
(4)原形
cut—cut let—let hurt—hurt put—put
(5)其他
am/ is—was are—were do—did teach—taught go—went
have—had speak—spoke take—took eat—ate tell—told
fly—flew see—saw make—made get—got run—ran
feel—felt meet—met say—said buy—bought can—could
4. 句式结构
· 肯定句:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他
例:I visited my grandma last weekend.我上周末看望了奶奶。
· 否定句:主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他
例:He didn’t play football yesterday.他昨天没踢足球。
· 一般疑问句:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
例:—Did you go to the park? 你去公园了吗?
—No, I didn’t.没有,我没去。
一般将来时
1. 定义:表示将来某时要发生的动作 / 状态、计划打算做的事。
2. 时间标志词:tomorrow、next week/year、in the future、this evening/afternoon......
3. 基本结构
① be going to + 动词原形(表计划、打算)
② will/shall + 动词原形(表单纯将来、意愿)
4. 句式结构
(1) be going to 结构
· 肯定:主语 + am/is/are+going to + 动原
· 否定:主语 + am/is/are+not+going to + 动原
· 疑问:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动原?
(2) will/shall 结构
· 肯定:主语 + will/shall + 动原
· 否定:主语 + will/shall+not + 动原
· 疑问:Will/Shall + 主语 + 动原?
例句:We will go to Beijing next month.我们下个月要去北京。
He is going to buy a book this afternoon.他今天下午打算买一本书。
现在进行时
1. 定义:表示现在正在进行的动作。
2. 时间标志词:now、look、listen、at the moment......
3. 现在分词的变化规则
规 则
示 例
一般直接在动词词尾加-ing.
read——reading study——studying
以不发音的e结尾的动词,去掉e,再加-ing.
write——writing drive——driving
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing.
sit—sitting run——running
少数几个以ie结尾的动词,变ie为y,再加-ing.
lie——lying die——dying
4. 句式结构
· 肯定句:主语 + am/is/are+doing + 其他
例:Listen! She is singing.听!她在唱歌。
· 否定句:主语 + am/is/are+not+doing + 其他
例:They are not swimming now.他们现在没在游泳。
· 一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + doing + 其他?
例:—Are you doing homework?你在做作业吗? —Yes, I am.是的,我在做。
考点再现01
1. My father has a lot of books. He ________(like) reading.
2. —What does Bob do on Sundays?
—He often ________(watch) cartoons.
3. She ________(read) English every morning.
4.My father __________(fix) the broken clock last weekend.
5.The lion was so sad because a man __________(catch) it with a net.
6. Feifei often __________water in the morning, but she __________ milk yesterday.(drink)
7. I________(play) basketball with my friends tomorrow.
8. It ________(rain) tomorrow, because it's windy and cloudy today.
中
考点二 时态易混辨析
时态
核心时间
关键结构
用法区别
一般现在时
经常性、现在
动词原形 / 三单
习惯、真理、常态
一般过去时
过去
动词过去式
已完成的过去动作
一般将来时
将来
be going to/will + 动原
未发生、计划 / 将来
现在进行时
现在正在
am/is/are+doing
此刻正在做
中
考点三 易错点提醒
1. 一般现在时:第三人称单数动词必须变 s/es,否定 / 疑问用 doesn’t。
2. 一般过去时:不规则动词需特殊记忆(go-went、do-did、is-was)。
3. 一般将来时:there be 句型将来时为there is/are going to be,不能用 have。
4. 现在进行时:动词 ing 变化(去 e 加 ing、双写尾字母加 ing)。
考点再现02
( )1. My sister ________ a nurse. She ________ swimming.
A. is;like B. is;likes C. are;like D. are;likes
( )2.—________ they often ________ these old men?
—Yes, they ________.
A. Do;help;are B. Are;helping;are C. Do;help;do D. Are;helped;do
( )3.Yesterday they called you, but you __________ at home.
A. wasn't B. weren't C. didn't D. don't
( )4.Kitty bought some fresh vegetables in the supermarket __________.
A. every day B. tomorrow C. yesterday afternoon D. next weekend
( )5. You are my best friend. You __________ me a lot in the past. I will never __________ our time together.
A. help; forget B. helped; forgot C. help; forgot D. helped; forget
( )6. I’m ________ back home soon.
A. go B. going C. goes
( )7. Nancy is going to ______ a story.
A. telling B. tell C. tells
( )8. There is going to _______ a basketball match tomorrow.
A. be B. have C. is
( )9. Kate is ________a cake for her mother.
A. make B. makeing C. making
( )10.—What is the boy doing?
—He is ________ high jump.
A. do B. does C. doing
强化训练
一、单项选择
( )1. My father ________ a newspaper every morning, but he ________ a novel this morning.
A. reads; read B. read; reads C. reads; reads
( )2. —What __________ your sister __________ now?
—She __________ her homework.
A. do; do; does B. is; doing; is doing C. did; do; did
( )3. They __________ in Shanghai in 2020, and now they __________ in Beijing.
A. lived; live B. live; lived C. live; live
( )4. —__________ you __________ your homework yet?
—Yes, I __________ it an hour ago.
A. Have; finished; finished B. Do; finish; finished C. Have; finished; have finished
( )5. There __________ a football match in our school next Saturday.
A. is B. will be C. was
( )6. Look! The birds __________ in the sky. They __________ here every spring.
A. fly; fly B. are flying; fly C. fly; are flying
( )7. I __________ never __________ to the Great Wall. I __________ there next month.
A. have; been; will go B. went; /; go C. have; gone; am going
( )8. —When __________ you __________ to Nanjing?
—Last year. I __________ there for a year.
A. did; go; have been B. do; go; am C. did; go; went
( )9. She ______ TV at 8 o'clock every evening, but she ____ TV last night because she was ill.
A. watches; didn't watch B. watch; doesn't watch C. is watching; didn't watch
( )10. —How long __________ you __________ English?
—For three years. I __________ it in 2022.
A. have; learned; started B. do; learn; start C. have; learned; start
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.My brother often __________ (play) computer games after school.
2.Look! The children __________ (play) games in the park.
3.I __________ (not go) to school yesterday because I had a cold.
4.We __________ (have) a picnic this weekend. Would you like to join us?
5.My parents __________ (live) in this city since 2019.
6.—What __________ you __________ (do) last weekend?
—I __________ (visit) my uncle and aunt.
7.Listen! The teacher __________ (talk) to the students in the classroom.
8.He __________ (finish) his homework yet. He has to do it now.
9.The sun __________ (rise) in the east and __________ (set) in the west.
10.They __________ (be) in the library just now, but now they __________ (be) in the playground.
三、按要求改写下列句子(每空一词)
1.I go to school on foot every day.(改为否定句)
I __________ __________ to school on foot every day.
2.They are having a party now.(对画线部分提问)
__________ are they __________ now?
3.He saw a big dog on the road yesterday.(改为一般疑问句)
__________ he __________ a big dog on the road yesterday?
4.We will go swimming this afternoon.(对画线部分提问)
__________ __________ you go swimming?
5.She has been to Paris three times.(对画线部分提问)
__________ __________ times has she been to Paris?
6.The boys play basketball on the playground every Saturday.(改为现在进行时)
The boys __________ __________ basketball on the playground now.
7.I read a storybook last night.(改为一般将来时)
I __________ __________ a storybook tonight.
8.He is going to visit his grandparents this Sunday.(改为否定句)
He __________ __________ going to visit his grandparents this Sunday.
四、根据中文提示完成句子(每空一词)
1.他每天早上七点刷牙。
He __________ his __________ at seven every morning.
2.看!我的妈妈正在厨房里做蛋糕。
Look! My mother __________ __________ a cake in the kitchen.
3.昨天我和我的朋友去游泳了。
I __________ __________ with my friends yesterday.
4.他们下周将要去北京旅游。
They __________ __________ __________ a trip to Beijing next week.
5.我爸爸已经工作了十个小时了。
My father __________ __________ for ten hours.
6.她不经常看电视,但是今天她正在看电视。
She __________ __________ TV often, but she __________ __________ TV now.
7.你曾经吃过饺子吗?
__________ you ever __________ dumplings?
8.明天会是晴天吗?
__________ it __________ sunny tomorrow?
参考答案
考点再现01
1. likes 2. watches 3. reads 4. fixed 5. caught 6. drinks, drank 7. will play 8. will rain
考点再现02
1~5BCBCD 6~10BBACC
强化训练
一、1.A 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.A 9.A 10.A
二、1.plays 2.are playing 3.didn't go 4.will have/are going to have
5.have lived 6.did; do; visited 7.is talking 8.hasn't finished
9.rises; sets 10.were; are
三、1.don't go 2.What; doing 3.Did; see 4.When will 5.How many
6.are playing 7.will read 8.is not
四、1.brushes; teeth 2.is making 3.went swimming 4.will go on/are going on
5.has worked 6.doesn't watch; is watching 7.Have; eaten 8.Will; be
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