精品解析：辽宁沈阳市皇姑区2025-2026学年（下）初中毕业年级阶段性质量监测 英语（一模）

2025-2026学年（下）初中毕业年级阶段性质量监测 英语 （满分90分 考试时间共90分钟） 考生注意：所有试题必须在答题卡指定区域内作答，在本试卷上作答无效 第一部分 选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Camel Fact Sheet Camels are social animals. They walk around the desert slowly in search of food and water. They are used by people for transport (运输工具) across the desert. Camel Facts Camels can run at speeds of up to 40 miles per hour for short amounts of time. Camels eat grass, grains, seeds, twigs and even plants with thorns (刺). They do not store water in their hump (驼峰). A camel’s coat (hair) reflects (反射) the desert sun and keeps them cool in very hot temperatures. It will also keep them warm in cooler temperatures. Age: 40-50 years old Size: Up to around 2 meters tall, measuring from the top of their hump to their feet. Weight:300-1000 kg Camels and People Today, nearly all of the world’s camels are domestic (家养的) animals. They are found in North Africa and Southwest Asia, and have been introduced to Australia. Camels can hold up to 400kg but usually carry loads (负载) around 200kg. 1. From the text, we know camels are animals that ________. A. live alone B. live in groups C. only search for food D. store water in humps 2. How much does a camel usually weigh? A. 200kg. B. 400kg. C. 200-400kg. D. 300-1000kg. 3. The camel facts seem to tell us that a camel’s coat is ________. A. thick B. useless C. special D. boring 4. Where does the text most probably come from? A. A storybook. B. A guidebook. C. A history book. D. A science magazine. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了关于骆驼的基本信息及其与人类生活的联系。 【1题详解】 根据表格第一栏中“social”可得骆驼是群居动物，B项符合；根据“in search of food and water”和表格第二栏“They do not store water in their hump”，可排除选项C和D。 【2题详解】 根据表格第二栏“Weight:300-1000kg”，选项D正确。 【3题详解】 关键词“camel’s coat”定位到“A camel’s coat reflects the desert sun and keeps them cool in very hot temperatures. It will also keep them warm in cooler temperatures.”骆驼的毛发可以让他们在炎热中保持凉爽又能在寒冷时保持温暖，这说明其特别之处，“special”符合语境。 【4题详解】 从表格数据和精简的信息整理得知这是一篇关于骆驼的科普，D项科学杂志符合。 B I was a shy girl when I was in school. I often stayed quiet during classes. Every time a teacher asked me a question, my voice would shake and I would speak as little as possible. I’d then shrink (缩) in my seat, feeling smaller and smaller, and wait quietly until the class was over. This situation continued through my middle school years and into grade 10. As time passed by, I felt increasingly more miserable (痛苦的) and lost. I even started to think that maybe I was supposed to just be shy and unnoticed. Everyone else would have fun, but not me. Just before starting grade 11, I complained (抱怨) to my sister about how I was feeling, “I am so bored.” She replied, “It’s your fault (错误). Do something!” I always knew I wanted to belong to a group and I understood that I had to start somewhere. Speaking up seemed like the first step I had to take. One day, we had a small group discussion in class and I gathered all my courage to share my ideas with everyone. Little by little, it started to have an effect and my classmates recognized my presence. Sometimes, they even replied to what I was saying. Suddenly, I felt I was part of the discussion. This is how I started to make friends–friends who liked to hear what I had to say. I finally felt accepted. Finding my voice was hard, but it helped me find the strength (勇气) to be the person I wanted to be. Now that I’m older, I can easily say this has made all the difference. 5. According to Paragraph 2, we can know that the author ________. A. enjoyed her life B. had many friends C. felt sad and lonely D. loved group activities 6. Who encouraged the author to change? A. Her friend. B. Her sister. C. Her classmate. D. Her teacher. 7. What did the author do in the group discussion? A. She kept silent. B. She expressed her ideas. C. She replied to the questions. D. She refused her classmates. 8. From the text, we can infer (推断) that the author became ________ later. A. quieter B. sadder C. braver D. lazier 【答案】5. C 6. B 7. B 8. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者从害羞、沉默、痛苦，在姐姐的鼓励下勇敢开口表达，最终变得自信、勇敢的成长故事。 【5题详解】 文章第二段“As time passed by, I felt increasingly more miserable and lost. I even started to think that maybe I was supposed to just be shy and unnoticed.”指出，作者感到痛苦、迷失，认为自己只会害羞和被忽视，这说明她感到悲伤和孤独。 【6题详解】 文章第三段“Just before starting grade 11, I complained to my sister about how I was feeling, ‘I am so bored.’ She replied, ‘It’s your fault. Do something!’”指出，作者向姐姐抱怨后，姐姐鼓励她做出改变。 【7题详解】 文章第四段“One day, we had a small group discussion in class and I gathered all my courage to share my ideas with everyone.”指出，作者在小组讨论中表达了自己的想法。 【8题详解】 文章第四段描述了作者主动分享想法后，同学们开始注意到她并对她的话作出回应，她感到被接纳；最后一段“Finding my voice was hard, but it helped me find the strength to be the person I wanted to be.”指出，找到自己的声音帮助她获得了成为理想中的人的勇气，由此可推断作者后来变得更勇敢了。 C The Sun is a star made of gas. It is not rocky and hard like the Earth. It is burning hot and very bright. The Earth moves around the Sun. Scientists call the movement around the Sun an orbit (轨道). Everything that orbits the Sun is part of the solar system. We could not live without the Sun. It keeps us warm and gives us light. It provides us with energy and makes plants grow. The Sun is also like a big anchor (锚). It creates gravity that keeps all the planets moving around it in the solar system. If there is no Sun, planets will simply fly off into the universe. The Milky Way Galaxy (星系) The Sun is in the Milky Way Galaxy. A galaxy is a group of stars and planets. There are around 200 billion stars in the Milky Way. The Sun orbits the middle of the Milky Way. As it moves, it brings the planets in the solar system along with it. The Earth goes along for the ride. One full orbit takes 230 million years. 4.5 Billion Years Old The Sun is about 4.5 billion years old. It will not always be there. One day it will die. Scientists think it will last for another 6.5 billion years. As it starts to die, it will grow very large. It will burn up Mercury and Venus. It may even burn up the Earth. Very Hot The Sun is very, very hot. The inside is about 27 million degrees. The outer part is about 10,000 degrees. The Photosphere The main outside part of the Sun is called the photosphere. It is the part we can see. The photosphere gives off the sunlight we get here on the Earth. The Sun’s light only takes eight minutes to reach us. 9. According to the text, what keeps the planets moving around the Sun in the solar system? A. The Sun’s gravity. B. The Earth’s gravity. C. The Earth’s movement. D. The Sun’s light and gas. 10. How long does the Sun spend completing one full orbit around the middle of the Milky Way? A. 4.5 billion years. B. 6.5 billion years. C. 27 million years. D. 230 million years. 11. The author seems to tell us that it is ________ for sunlight to reach the Earth. A. too slow B. quite easy C. so difficult D. very late 12. What’s the best title (标题) for the text? A. Facts about the Sun B. The Earth and planets C. The Milky Way Galaxy D. The movement around the Sun 【答案】9. A 10. D 11. B 12. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍太阳的特征、作用、星系位置、寿命温度等相关天文知识。 【9题详解】 第三段指出“The Sun is also like a big anchor. It creates gravity that keeps all the planets moving around it in the solar system.”，是太阳产生的引力，让太阳系的行星围绕太阳运转。 【10题详解】 文章指出“The Sun orbits the middle of the Milky Way…One full orbit takes 230 million years.”，太阳绕银河系中心完整公转一圈，需要花费2.3亿年的时间。 【11题详解】 最后一段指出“The Sun’s light only takes eight minutes to reach us.”，太阳光仅需要8分钟就能到达地球，耗时非常短，由此可以推断，太阳光抵达地球是十分便捷、很快的。对应选项quite easy。 【12题详解】 全文从太阳的构成、对地球的作用、太阳在银河系的位置、太阳的年龄、温度、光球层等多个角度，介绍了关于太阳的各类知识与事实。 D Do you often see plastic products in your daily life? What do you use them for? Can you think of other things to use instead of these plastic products? Plastic has entered almost every part of our world! Scientists have found tiny bits of it in places like Arctic (北极的) snow and lonely deserts. Microplastics, which are smaller than 5mm, are hard to deal with because they’re everywhere. They come from bigger plastics breaking apart and end up in oceans, air and soil. Once they enter our bodies, these tiny bits can hurt our cells (细胞) and our endocrine system (内分泌系统). They can also take in harmful chemicals and help them enter our bodies, which might make us sick more easily. Because microplastics are everywhere, they can get into the human body in different ways. We breathe them in every day, and the clothes we wear aren’t 100 percent safe. Almost 60 percent of the materials made into clothes are not natural. Washing clothes made out of these materials can create small plastic fibres (纤维). Microplastics are also in our daily food. Many food containers (容器), like plastic lunch boxes, are made of plastic. When we pour hot soup or rice into them, they will release microplastics into the food we eat. To reduce the risk of being hurt by microplastics, we should try to eat less food in plastic packages (包装). We can also choose glass boxes instead of plastic ones when keeping food. Try wearing clothes made from natural materials and using fewer plastic things. Besides, we should sort and recycle plastic waste well to make its bad effect on our environment smaller. 13. Why does the author think microplastics are difficult to deal with? A. Because they are very big and easy to see. B. Because they are found all over the world. C. Because they are made of natural materials. D. Because they come from oceans, air and soil. 14. What harm can microplastics do to our bodies? A. They can help our cells grow fast. B. They can make us much stronger. C. They usually help us take in useful chemicals. D. They can hurt our cells and endocrine system. 15. What does the underlined word “release” mean in Paragraph 5? A. let out B. put up C. take in D. look for 16. What is the author’s purpose of writing this text? A. To tell readers how to make plastic products. B. To explain why microplastics are easy to make. C. To warn readers to watch out for microplastics. D. To introduce different kinds of plastic products. 【答案】13. B 14. D 15. A 16. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了微塑料无处不在，其对人体细胞和内分泌系统的危害，以及减少风险的具体方法。 【13题详解】 第2段中介绍“Microplastics... are hard to deal with because they’re everywhere.” ，说明微塑料难以处理是因为它们无处不在，所以选项B“Because they are found all over the world.”正确。 【14题详解】 第3段中提到“Once they enter our bodies, these tiny bits can hurt our cells and our endocrine system.” ，这说明微塑料会伤害细胞和内分泌系统，所以选项D“They can hurt our cells and endocrine system.”正确。 【15题详解】 第5段原句“When we pour hot soup or rice into them, they will release microplastics into the food we eat.” 倒入热汤或热饭后，塑料饭盒会______微塑料到食物中。根据上下文，微塑料应该是从饭盒中“释放”出来后进入食物，所以选项A“let out”(释放)正确。B“put up”(张贴/建造)、C“take in”(吸收)、D“look for”(寻找)，均不符合句意。 【16题详解】 全文首先介绍微塑料无处不在及对人体健康的危害，最后一段给出减少风险的具体建议 (eat less food with plastic packages, choose glass boxes, wear natural clothes, sort and recycle plastic waste)。作者写作目的是提醒读者注意微塑料的危害并采取措施，所以选项C“To warn readers to watch out for microplastics.” (警告读者警惕微塑料)正确。A“告诉读者如何制作塑料产品”、B“解释微塑料为什么容易制造”、D“介绍不同种类的塑料产品”均不是本文的主要目的。 第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 What are some of the biggest scientific discoveries in human history? How have they changed our lives? ____17____ Once he was asked how he was able to be so creative. He replied that it all came from an experience he had with his mother when he was 2 years old. He was trying to take a bottle of milk out of the refrigerator. But the bottle was too slippery (滑的) and he dropped it. The kitchen floor was covered in milk. When his mother came into the kitchen, instead of shouting at him or punishing him, she said, “Robert, what a great and wonderful mess you have made! ____18____ Would you like to play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?” So he did. After a few minutes, they cleaned it up together. Then his mother said, “This was a failed experiment (实验) in how to carry a big bottle of milk with two tiny hands. Let’s go out in the backyard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can find a way to carry it without dropping it.” The little boy learned that if he held the bottle at the top near the lip (瓶口) with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. ____19____. The scientist then added that it was at that moment that he knew he didn’t need to be afraid to make mistakes. ____20____ Even if the experiment doesn’t “work”, we can still learn something valuable from it. A. What a wonderful lesson! B. It is important to correct the mistakes. C. I have never seen such a huge puddle (一滩) of milk. D. He learned that mistakes are just chances to learn something new. E. There was once a famous scientist who made several important discoveries. 【答案】17. E 18. C 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文通过一位著名科学家的童年牛奶洒漏经历，告诉我们不必畏惧犯错，错误也是宝贵的学习契机。 【17题详解】 后文开始讲述这位科学家的成长故事，E选项“曾经有一位做出多项重大发现的著名科学家”，引出下文的人物与事例，起到开篇总起的作用。 【18题详解】 前文妈妈感慨“what a great and wonderful mess you have made!”，C选项“我从没见过这么大一滩牛奶”，承接地板满是牛奶的场景，贴合妈妈温柔又有趣的语气，衔接自然。 【19题详解】 前文小男孩学会了双手握住瓶口、平稳拿住瓶子的正确方法，收获了实用的经验。A选项“多么精彩、宝贵的一课啊！”，对这次亲身实践得到的成长进行总结感叹。 【20题详解】 前文提到他从此明白不必害怕犯错，后文说明就算实验不成功，也能收获价值。D选项“他明白了错误正是学习新事物的机会”，承上启下，点明故事的核心道理，和结尾观点完美呼应。 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One night I was sitting in my kitchen half - listening as my 15-year-old son Tommy fought with his brother Kevin. Later, Kevin went upstairs with a hurt look on his face. I didn’t think it was a big ____21____. About 20 minutes later, as I was walking upstairs, I heard Kevin ____22____ in his room. I knocked on the door and asked, “Kevin, do you want to talk?” There was no answer. I tried again. ____23____, nothing happened. So, I took a piece of paper and wrote, “If you don’t want to talk, we can write notes” and slipped (使滑动) it under the door. An hour later, I still ____24____ on the floor outside his door. A note slipped out. As I read it, I couldn’t help crying. It said, “Nobody in this family loves me. I am not the ____25____ nor the oldest, and I am not the smartest. Tommy thinks I am too weak, and Dad wishes he had another Kevin who is ____26____ at basketball. You are never around to even ____27____ me.” He was right about my part. Feeling ____28____ for him, I wrote back, “Kevin, I do love you, and everyone in this family loves you.” I could hear him crying softly. Half an hour later, a note with “Thanks” ____29____. I wrote back, “For what?” He returned, “Loving me.” Since then, I have tried my best to care about my family members. When one of us notices that the other is unhappy, we’ll _____30_____ and say, “Write it on paper.” 21. A. plan B. idea C. joke D. problem 22. A. singing B. crying C. writing D. reading 23. A. Still B. Instead C. Then D. Besides 24. A. drew B. sat C. talked D. knocked 25. A. weakest B. laziest C. youngest D. slowest 26. A. good B. poor C. surprised D. unhappy 27. A. save B. hear C. notice D. choose 28. A. afraid B. pleased C. excited D. sorry 29. A. came out B. passed by C. rose up D. fell down 30. A. agree B. nod C. smile D. turn 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者发现小儿子Kevin因被忽视而伤心难过，通过纸条沟通了解到孩子的内心想法，从此更加关心家人，学会用书写的方式化解情绪问题的故事。 【21题详解】 句意：我认为这不是什么大问题。 根据前文“fought with his brother”可知，兄弟间吵架是小事，作者没当回事。problem表示“问题”，a big problem表示“大问题”，符合语境；plan计划，idea主意，joke玩笑，均不符合文意。 【22题详解】 句意：当我上楼时，我听到Kevin在房间里哭。 根据后文“with a hurt look”和“I could hear him crying softly”可知，Kevin受了委屈在哭泣。crying表示“哭”，符合语境；singing唱歌，writing写，reading读，均不符合情绪状态。 【23题详解】 句意：我又试了一次，仍然没有回应。 前文敲门问话无回应，再次尝试还是没结果。still表示“仍然”，符合语境；instead反而，then然后，besides此外，均不符合逻辑。 【24题详解】 句意：一个小时后，我仍然坐在他门外的地板上。 作者在门外等待孩子回应，保持坐着的状态。sat表示“坐”，符合语境；drew画，talked谈话，knocked敲，均不符合动作场景。 【25题详解】 句意：我既不是最小的，也不是最大的，也不是最聪明的。 根据“nor the oldest”可知，此处与“最大的”形成对应。youngest表示“最小的”，符合语境；weakest最弱的，laziest最懒的，slowest最慢的，均不符合家庭成员年龄的描述。 【26题详解】 句意：爸爸希望他有另一个擅长打篮球的Kevin。 be good at是固定搭配，表示“擅长”，符合父亲希望孩子擅长运动的语境；poor贫穷的，surprised惊讶的，unhappy不开心的，均不符合搭配与文意。 【27题详解】 句意：你从来都不在身边，甚至从未注意到我。 根据前文“Nobody in this family loves me”可知，全家都忽视Kevin，作者平时也疏于关注孩子。notice表示“注意到”，符合语境；save拯救，hear听见，choose选择，均不符合文意。 【28题详解】 句意：出于对他的愧疚，我回信说：“凯文，我真的爱你，我们家的每个人都爱你。” 得知孩子的委屈，作者内心充满愧疚与心疼。sorry表示“愧疚的、抱歉的”，符合语境；afraid害怕的，pleased高兴的，excited兴奋的，均不符合情绪逻辑。 【29题详解】 句意：半小时后，一张写着“谢谢”的纸条传了出来。 孩子从门内送出纸条回应作者。came out表示“出来、出现”，符合语境；passed by路过，rose up上升，fell down倒下，均不符合纸条传递的场景。 【30题详解】 句意：当有人注意到另一个人不开心时，我们会会心一笑说：“写在纸上吧”。 通过纸条化解矛盾后，家人间达成默契，露出微笑。smile表示“微笑”，符合语境；agree同意，nod点头，turn转动，均不符合温馨的氛围。 第二部分 非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Ten years ago, I set out to study luck. I wanted to know why some people are always in the right place at the right time, while others always experience ill luck. Over the years, I talked to many people and watched ____31____ (they) lives. I also let them take part in my experiments (实验). I once did a simple experiment ____32____ (study) why there were differences in their ability to see chances. I gave both lucky and unlucky people a newspaper and ____33____ (ask) them to look through it and tell me how many photos were inside. I ____34____ (secret) placed a large message halfway through the newspaper. The message said, “Tell the ____35____ (research) you have seen this and win $50.” This message took up half of the page, but often, it ____36____ (miss) by unlucky people and lucky people were more likely to notice it. Unlucky people are just ____37____ (nervous) than lucky people. They are busy looking only for what they need and this stops them from noticing the unexpected. As a result, they miss out on chances. Lucky people are often more relaxed and open. They can see everything in front ____38____ them, rather than just what they are looking for. My study shows that lucky people live by several principles (原则). Here are some of these principles: * Listen to your gut instincts (直觉)—they are often right. * Be open to new experiences ____39____ break your normal thought patterns (思维模式). * Spend some time each day remembering things that went well. * See yourself as _____40_____ lucky person before an important meeting or phone call. 【答案】31. their 32. to study 33. asked 34. secretly 35. researcher 36. was missed 37. more nervous 38. of 39. and 40. a 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过作者关于“运气”的研究与实验，揭示了幸运者与不幸者的差异源于心态与观察力，总结了让人变得更幸运的行为原则。 【31题详解】 句意：多年来，我和许多人交谈并观察他们的生活。修饰名词lives要用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词为their，意为“他们的”。 【32题详解】 句意：我曾经做过一个简单的实验来研究为什么人们发现机会的能力存在差异。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，因此此处填to study，意为“研究”。 【33题详解】 句意：我给幸运的人和不幸的人各一份报纸，并让他们翻阅并告诉我里面有多少张照片。此处与“gave”并列，句子时态为一般过去时，ask的过去式为asked，意为“要求”。 【34题详解】 句意：我在报纸中间悄悄放了一条大信息。修饰动词placed要用副词，secret的副词形式为secretly，意为“秘密地”。 【35题详解】 句意：告诉研究者你看到了这个就能赢得50美元。此处表示“研究者”，用名词researcher，意为“研究者”，因此此处填researcher。 【36题详解】 句意：这条信息占了半页纸，但不幸的人往往没注意到它，幸运的人更有可能注意到它。主语“it”与动词“miss”之间为被动关系，句子为一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were+过去分词，miss的过去分词为missed，主语it为单数，用was missed，意为“被错过”。 【37题详解】 句意：不幸的人比幸运的人更紧张。than是比较级的标志，nervous的比较级为more nervous，意为“更紧张的”。 【38题详解】 句意：他们能看到面前的一切，而不只是他们正在寻找的东西。in front of为固定搭配，意为“在……前面”。 【39题详解】 句意：敞开心扉接受新体验，打破你常规的思维模式。此句与前文为并列关系，因此填连词and。 【40题详解】 句意：在重要的会议或电话前，把自己看作一个幸运的人。此处表示泛指“一个”，lucky以辅音音素开头，因此填不定冠词a。 四、阅读与表达（共4小题，41～43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分；满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 When I was a boy, we lived across a river from the main road. The only way to get to our house was across an old, wooden, swinging (摇摆的) bridge. We also lived right next to Camp Caesar which hosted camps all summer long. The best thing about it was it had a public swimming pool. I remember spending almost every day of my summers at that pool. One time, I went to the pool. However, I found that none of my friends were there. I stayed for a while but felt lonely. I left early and walked home sadly. When I got to the swinging bridge, though, I saw my friend who was never allowed at the pool. He stood on the bridge with his face smiling and his tail wagging (摇摆). It was my dog, Doobie, patiently waiting for me to come home. I hurried across the bridge to hug him and then we both ran down to the river below our house to swim. We jumped into the cold, clear water. We swam around each other. We splashed (拍打水花) and played with a stick in the water. Doobie happily drove my loneliness away with his doggie kisses. During all of those summers, that is the day I remember the most. The summers in this life fly by so fast. They are too valuable to waste a moment feeling sad. Spend your days here like my dear dog Doobie did: sharing love and joy. As you swim down this river of life, always remember that love will be there to greet you at its end. 41. What does the author think the best thing about Camp Caesar was? ________________________________________________ 42. Where did Doobie wait for the author? ________________________________________________ 43. How did Doobie drive the author’s loneliness away? ________________________________________________ 44. What do you think of “sharing love and joy”? Please share your idea. Write 30 words or more. ________________________________________________ 【答案】41. It had a public swimming pool. 42. On the swinging bridge. 43. With his doggie kisses. 44. Sharing love and joy means being with the ones we love, bringing warmth to others. It makes bad feelings go away and leaves us with warm, unforgettable sweet memories all the time. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，回忆了作者童年夏日的经历，忠诚的小狗驱散了作者的孤独，告诉我们要珍惜时光、分享爱与欢乐的人生道理。 【41题详解】 第一段指出“The best thing about it was it had a public swimming pool.”，作者认为凯撒营地最棒的地方是它有一个公共游泳池。 【42题详解】 第三段指出“When I got to the swinging bridge...It was my dog, Doobie, patiently waiting for me to come home.”，小狗Doobie在摇摆桥上等待作者归来。 【43题详解】 第三段指出“Doobie happily drove my loneliness away with his doggie kisses.”，小狗用充满爱意的亲吻，开心地驱散了作者心中的孤单。 【44题详解】 本题为开放性主观题，答案不唯一。结合文章主旨，分享爱与快乐就是主动付出温暖、陪伴他人，在传递善意与欢乐的同时，自己也能收获满满的幸福，让人生变得珍贵又美好。 五、书面表达（满分20分） 45. 假设你是李辉，你的外国朋友James给你写了一封电子邮件，跟你分享了一次难忘的朋友聚餐。请你给他回一封电子邮件，谈谈你吃过的一顿特别的饭。内容包括： （1）何时、何地以及和谁吃的这顿饭； （2）此顿饭特别的原因及期间发生的事情； （3）你的感受。 注意： （1）词数80-100。开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数； （2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； （3）短文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 Dear James, I’m very happy to receive your email! ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hui 【答案】 例文： Dear James, I’m very happy to receive your email! Last winter holiday, I had an unforgettable dinner at a small countryside restaurant with my parents. It was cold outside, but the dinner made me feel warm all over. This meal was special because it was my parents’ reward for my progress in study. We talked about my school life and future plans over tasty home-made dishes. We laughed a lot and enjoyed the sweet time together. This dinner taught me that love is always around me. I felt loved and confident. It will stay as a sweet memory in my heart forever. Yours, Li Hui 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文，整体以一般过去时为主 写作要点：①吃饭的时间、地点、同行人员；②这顿饭特别的原因、席间发生的事；③个人内心感受 确定人称：第一人称 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名、学校等私人信息，词数控制在80-100词 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：开门见山，承接来信，交代本次特别晚餐的时间、地点、人物 主体段：详细说明这顿饭特别的缘由，描写用餐期间的具体互动与细节 结尾段：总结个人收获与内心感受，升华情感主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：基础就餐信息 时间选择：last winter holiday /last Spring Festival 地点选择：small countryside restaurant /home dining table 同行人员：parents /whole family 氛围铺垫：cold outside but warm inside /full of warm love 要点二：特别原因与席间事件 特别缘由：parents’ reward for my study progress /first family reunion dinner after busy study 席间活动：talk about school life /share future plans /laugh and chat /enjoy homemade delicious food 要点三：个人感受 情感表达：feel warm and loved /full of happiness 成长感悟：know family love is always around me 结尾收尾：keep this sweet memory forever 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年（下）初中毕业年级阶段性质量监测 英语 （满分90分 考试时间共90分钟） 考生注意：所有试题必须在答题卡指定区域内作答，在本试卷上作答无效 第一部分 选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Camel Fact Sheet Camels are social animals. They walk around the desert slowly in search of food and water. They are used by people for transport (运输工具) across the desert. Camel Facts Camels can run at speeds of up to 40 miles per hour for short amounts of time. Camels eat grass, grains, seeds, twigs and even plants with thorns (刺). They do not store water in their hump (驼峰). A camel’s coat (hair) reflects (反射) the desert sun and keeps them cool in very hot temperatures. It will also keep them warm in cooler temperatures. Age: 40-50 years old Size: Up to around 2 meters tall, measuring from the top of their hump to their feet. Weight:300-1000 kg Camels and People Today, nearly all of the world’s camels are domestic (家养的) animals. They are found in North Africa and Southwest Asia, and have been introduced to Australia. Camels can hold up to 400kg but usually carry loads (负载) around 200kg. 1. From the text, we know camels are animals that ________. A. live alone B. live in groups C. only search for food D. store water in humps 2. How much does a camel usually weigh? A. 200kg. B. 400kg. C. 200-400kg. D. 300-1000kg. 3. The camel facts seem to tell us that a camel’s coat is ________. A. thick B. useless C. special D. boring 4. Where does the text most probably come from? A. A storybook. B. A guidebook. C. A history book. D. A science magazine. B I was a shy girl when I was in school. I often stayed quiet during classes. Every time a teacher asked me a question, my voice would shake and I would speak as little as possible. I’d then shrink (缩) in my seat, feeling smaller and smaller, and wait quietly until the class was over. This situation continued through my middle school years and into grade 10. As time passed by, I felt increasingly more miserable (痛苦的) and lost. I even started to think that maybe I was supposed to just be shy and unnoticed. Everyone else would have fun, but not me. Just before starting grade 11, I complained (抱怨) to my sister about how I was feeling, “I am so bored.” She replied, “It’s your fault (错误). Do something!” I always knew I wanted to belong to a group and I understood that I had to start somewhere. Speaking up seemed like the first step I had to take. One day, we had a small group discussion in class and I gathered all my courage to share my ideas with everyone. Little by little, it started to have an effect and my classmates recognized my presence. Sometimes, they even replied to what I was saying. Suddenly, I felt I was part of the discussion. This is how I started to make friends–friends who liked to hear what I had to say. I finally felt accepted. Finding my voice was hard, but it helped me find the strength (勇气) to be the person I wanted to be. Now that I’m older, I can easily say this has made all the difference. 5. According to Paragraph 2, we can know that the author ________. A. enjoyed her life B. had many friends C. felt sad and lonely D. loved group activities 6. Who encouraged the author to change? A. Her friend. B. Her sister. C. Her classmate. D. Her teacher. 7. What did the author do in the group discussion? A. She kept silent. B. She expressed her ideas. C. She replied to the questions. D. She refused her classmates. 8. From the text, we can infer (推断) that the author became ________ later. A. quieter B. sadder C. braver D. lazier C The Sun is a star made of gas. It is not rocky and hard like the Earth. It is burning hot and very bright. The Earth moves around the Sun. Scientists call the movement around the Sun an orbit (轨道). Everything that orbits the Sun is part of the solar system. We could not live without the Sun. It keeps us warm and gives us light. It provides us with energy and makes plants grow. The Sun is also like a big anchor (锚). It creates gravity that keeps all the planets moving around it in the solar system. If there is no Sun, planets will simply fly off into the universe. The Milky Way Galaxy (星系) The Sun is in the Milky Way Galaxy. A galaxy is a group of stars and planets. There are around 200 billion stars in the Milky Way. The Sun orbits the middle of the Milky Way. As it moves, it brings the planets in the solar system along with it. The Earth goes along for the ride. One full orbit takes 230 million years. 4.5 Billion Years Old The Sun is about 4.5 billion years old. It will not always be there. One day it will die. Scientists think it will last for another 6.5 billion years. As it starts to die, it will grow very large. It will burn up Mercury and Venus. It may even burn up the Earth. Very Hot The Sun is very, very hot. The inside is about 27 million degrees. The outer part is about 10,000 degrees. The Photosphere The main outside part of the Sun is called the photosphere. It is the part we can see. The photosphere gives off the sunlight we get here on the Earth. The Sun’s light only takes eight minutes to reach us. 9. According to the text, what keeps the planets moving around the Sun in the solar system? A. The Sun’s gravity. B. The Earth’s gravity. C. The Earth’s movement. D. The Sun’s light and gas. 10. How long does the Sun spend completing one full orbit around the middle of the Milky Way? A. 4.5 billion years. B. 6.5 billion years. C. 27 million years. D. 230 million years. 11. The author seems to tell us that it is ________ for sunlight to reach the Earth. A. too slow B. quite easy C. so difficult D. very late 12. What’s the best title (标题) for the text? A. Facts about the Sun B. The Earth and planets C. The Milky Way Galaxy D. The movement around the Sun D Do you often see plastic products in your daily life? What do you use them for? Can you think of other things to use instead of these plastic products? Plastic has entered almost every part of our world! Scientists have found tiny bits of it in places like Arctic (北极的) snow and lonely deserts. Microplastics, which are smaller than 5mm, are hard to deal with because they’re everywhere. They come from bigger plastics breaking apart and end up in oceans, air and soil. Once they enter our bodies, these tiny bits can hurt our cells (细胞) and our endocrine system (内分泌系统). They can also take in harmful chemicals and help them enter our bodies, which might make us sick more easily. Because microplastics are everywhere, they can get into the human body in different ways. We breathe them in every day, and the clothes we wear aren’t 100 percent safe. Almost 60 percent of the materials made into clothes are not natural. Washing clothes made out of these materials can create small plastic fibres (纤维). Microplastics are also in our daily food. Many food containers (容器), like plastic lunch boxes, are made of plastic. When we pour hot soup or rice into them, they will release microplastics into the food we eat. To reduce the risk of being hurt by microplastics, we should try to eat less food in plastic packages (包装). We can also choose glass boxes instead of plastic ones when keeping food. Try wearing clothes made from natural materials and using fewer plastic things. Besides, we should sort and recycle plastic waste well to make its bad effect on our environment smaller. 13. Why does the author think microplastics are difficult to deal with? A. Because they are very big and easy to see. B. Because they are found all over the world. C. Because they are made of natural materials. D. Because they come from oceans, air and soil. 14. What harm can microplastics do to our bodies? A. They can help our cells grow fast. B. They can make us much stronger. C. They usually help us take in useful chemicals. D. They can hurt our cells and endocrine system. 15. What does the underlined word “release” mean in Paragraph 5? A. let out B. put up C. take in D. look for 16. What is the author’s purpose of writing this text? A. To tell readers how to make plastic products. B. To explain why microplastics are easy to make. C. To warn readers to watch out for microplastics. D. To introduce different kinds of plastic products. 第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 What are some of the biggest scientific discoveries in human history? How have they changed our lives? ____17____ Once he was asked how he was able to be so creative. He replied that it all came from an experience he had with his mother when he was 2 years old. He was trying to take a bottle of milk out of the refrigerator. But the bottle was too slippery (滑的) and he dropped it. The kitchen floor was covered in milk. When his mother came into the kitchen, instead of shouting at him or punishing him, she said, “Robert, what a great and wonderful mess you have made! ____18____ Would you like to play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?” So he did. After a few minutes, they cleaned it up together. Then his mother said, “This was a failed experiment (实验) in how to carry a big bottle of milk with two tiny hands. Let’s go out in the backyard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can find a way to carry it without dropping it.” The little boy learned that if he held the bottle at the top near the lip (瓶口) with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. ____19____. The scientist then added that it was at that moment that he knew he didn’t need to be afraid to make mistakes. ____20____ Even if the experiment doesn’t “work”, we can still learn something valuable from it. A. What a wonderful lesson! B. It is important to correct the mistakes. C. I have never seen such a huge puddle (一滩) of milk. D. He learned that mistakes are just chances to learn something new. E. There was once a famous scientist who made several important discoveries. 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One night I was sitting in my kitchen half - listening as my 15-year-old son Tommy fought with his brother Kevin. Later, Kevin went upstairs with a hurt look on his face. I didn’t think it was a big ____21____. About 20 minutes later, as I was walking upstairs, I heard Kevin ____22____ in his room. I knocked on the door and asked, “Kevin, do you want to talk?” There was no answer. I tried again. ____23____, nothing happened. So, I took a piece of paper and wrote, “If you don’t want to talk, we can write notes” and slipped (使滑动) it under the door. An hour later, I still ____24____ on the floor outside his door. A note slipped out. As I read it, I couldn’t help crying. It said, “Nobody in this family loves me. I am not the ____25____ nor the oldest, and I am not the smartest. Tommy thinks I am too weak, and Dad wishes he had another Kevin who is ____26____ at basketball. You are never around to even ____27____ me.” He was right about my part. Feeling ____28____ for him, I wrote back, “Kevin, I do love you, and everyone in this family loves you.” I could hear him crying softly. Half an hour later, a note with “Thanks” ____29____. I wrote back, “For what?” He returned, “Loving me.” Since then, I have tried my best to care about my family members. When one of us notices that the other is unhappy, we’ll _____30_____ and say, “Write it on paper.” 21. A. plan B. idea C. joke D. problem 22. A. singing B. crying C. writing D. reading 23. A. Still B. Instead C. Then D. Besides 24. A. drew B. sat C. talked D. knocked 25. A. weakest B. laziest C. youngest D. slowest 26. A. good B. poor C. surprised D. unhappy 27. A. save B. hear C. notice D. choose 28. A. afraid B. pleased C. excited D. sorry 29. A. came out B. passed by C. rose up D. fell down 30. A. agree B. nod C. smile D. turn 第二部分 非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Ten years ago, I set out to study luck. I wanted to know why some people are always in the right place at the right time, while others always experience ill luck. Over the years, I talked to many people and watched ____31____ (they) lives. I also let them take part in my experiments (实验). I once did a simple experiment ____32____ (study) why there were differences in their ability to see chances. I gave both lucky and unlucky people a newspaper and ____33____ (ask) them to look through it and tell me how many photos were inside. I ____34____ (secret) placed a large message halfway through the newspaper. The message said, “Tell the ____35____ (research) you have seen this and win $50.” This message took up half of the page, but often, it ____36____ (miss) by unlucky people and lucky people were more likely to notice it. Unlucky people are just ____37____ (nervous) than lucky people. They are busy looking only for what they need and this stops them from noticing the unexpected. As a result, they miss out on chances. Lucky people are often more relaxed and open. They can see everything in front ____38____ them, rather than just what they are looking for. My study shows that lucky people live by several principles (原则). Here are some of these principles: * Listen to your gut instincts (直觉)—they are often right. * Be open to new experiences ____39____ break your normal thought patterns (思维模式). * Spend some time each day remembering things that went well. * See yourself as _____40_____ lucky person before an important meeting or phone call. 四、阅读与表达（共4小题，41～43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分；满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 When I was a boy, we lived across a river from the main road. The only way to get to our house was across an old, wooden, swinging (摇摆的) bridge. We also lived right next to Camp Caesar which hosted camps all summer long. The best thing about it was it had a public swimming pool. I remember spending almost every day of my summers at that pool. One time, I went to the pool. However, I found that none of my friends were there. I stayed for a while but felt lonely. I left early and walked home sadly. When I got to the swinging bridge, though, I saw my friend who was never allowed at the pool. He stood on the bridge with his face smiling and his tail wagging (摇摆). It was my dog, Doobie, patiently waiting for me to come home. I hurried across the bridge to hug him and then we both ran down to the river below our house to swim. We jumped into the cold, clear water. We swam around each other. We splashed (拍打水花) and played with a stick in the water. Doobie happily drove my loneliness away with his doggie kisses. During all of those summers, that is the day I remember the most. The summers in this life fly by so fast. They are too valuable to waste a moment feeling sad. Spend your days here like my dear dog Doobie did: sharing love and joy. As you swim down this river of life, always remember that love will be there to greet you at its end. 41. What does the author think the best thing about Camp Caesar was? ________________________________________________ 42. Where did Doobie wait for the author? ________________________________________________ 43. How did Doobie drive the author’s loneliness away? ________________________________________________ 44. What do you think of “sharing love and joy”? Please share your idea. Write 30 words or more. ________________________________________________ 五、书面表达（满分20分） 45. 假设你是李辉，你的外国朋友James给你写了一封电子邮件，跟你分享了一次难忘的朋友聚餐。请你给他回一封电子邮件，谈谈你吃过的一顿特别的饭。内容包括： （1）何时、何地以及和谁吃的这顿饭； （2）此顿饭特别的原因及期间发生的事情； （3）你的感受。 注意： （1）词数80-100。开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数； （2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； （3）短文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 Dear James, I’m very happy to receive your email! ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hui 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $