高一下学期期末实战模拟卷十三-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高一下学期英语期末实战模拟卷

高一下学期期末实战模拟卷十三 [主题间读]SPACE EXPLORATION (时间40分钟，满分50分) I.阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A I The most wonderful space museums National Museum of the U.S.Air Force Dayton 整 If your main interests lie in military aviation,this museum will have everything you've ever wanted to see.It features exhibits on World War II,the Korean War,the Southeast 圜 Asia War and the Cold War.They've also got a Missile Gallery as well as a Space Gallery where visitors can walk inside a full--size reproduction of a NASA shuttle(航天飞机).Most impressively,it is totally free to visitors. 故 Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum Washington Housing 60,000 air and space collections,the museum enables visitors to learn about the rich history of aviation(航空)by viewing the first successful aircraft(飞机)一thel903 Wright Flyer-and everything that came next.From pilot uniforms to NASA spacesuits, 功 engines and equipment,you'll find it all at this museum. U.S.Space and Rocket Center Huntsville Space fans know this museum to be the site of the original Space Camp,including the film by the same name,but there's plenty more to see here.The Center has a number of exhibits both indoors and out and many play areas for younger kids.3D movies and live sci- ence shows add to the appeal. Pima Air Space Museum Tucson The privately funded museum has been in operation for over 40 years and has over 300 historic aircraft on display.You'll also find several exhibits that range from seaplanes and 毁 aircraft carriers to paper airplanes and women in flight.One of the biggest draws,though, is its extensive "boneyard",a collection of over 4,000 U.S.government and military air- 钢 craft that are either being recycled or regenerated. 1.Which museum houses the first aircraft in history? A.Pima Air &Space Museum. 阳 B.Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. C.National Museum of the U.S.Air Force. D.U.S.Space and Rocket Center. 篇 2.What do we know about the National Museum of the U.S.Air Force? A.It has a history of 40 years. B.It charges a small entrance fee. C.It organizes space camps every year. D.It has a shuttle of the same size as a real one. I 3.Where is the museum famous for its"boneyard"? A.Huntsville. B.Dayton. C.Tucson. D.Washington. 英语13-1 B Li Zixuan is a junior middle school student.He is now studying in Grade 9.He has had many dreams since he was little.But as time goes by,some new dreams have appeared and some old ones have disappeared.However,only one dream is still in his mind. Li Zixuan says that when he was a child,he heard about rockets and spaceships.At first,he didn't know what they were.From his father,he knew that scientists made rockets to carry things into space,and spaceships were used to carry people through space.From then on,he has had a real interest in space.Every time he sees beautiful stars and the moon in the sky at night,he gets very excited.He is always dreaming that he can fly to space to look at the earth one day.His mother knows about his dream and often encourages him. In school,Li Zixuan learned that the first man flew into space in 1961 and later,more astronauts succeeded in traveling into space.Some astronauts even landed on the moon.His teacher always encourages him to learn more.He knows not everyone has a chance to travel into space.More importantly,before he can fly to space,he must be trained specially. Li Zixuan knows it's not easy to achieve his dream,but he decides to try his best.He says,"I've had this dream for many years.It has brought me a lot of joy and always gives me power.Even if it doesn't come true in the end,I won't be sorry." 4.What does the boy want to be when he grows up? A.A scientist. B.A pilot. C.An engineer. D.An astronaut. 5.Who told the boy something about rockets and spaceships? A.His father. B.His mother. C.His teacher. D.His friend. 6.What must the boy do before he can fly to space? A.Study very hard. B.Get a driving license. C.Do exercise every day. D.Get some special training. 7.What's the best title for the text? A.Dreams of a Boy B.The Love of a Father C.An Excellent Hobby D.An Unusual Experience Sending human travelers to Mars would require scientists and engineers to overcome a range of technological and safety obstacles.One of them is the serious risk posed by parti- cle radiation(辐射)from the sun,distant stars and galaxies(星系). Answering two key questions would go a long way toward overcoming that difficulty: Would particle radiation pose too serious a threat to human life throughout a round trip to the red planet?And,could the very timing of a mission to Mars help shield astronauts and the spacecraft from the radiation? In a new article published in the journal Space Weather,an international team of space scientists,including researchers from UCLA,answers those two questions with a"no"and a"yes."That is,humans should be able to safely travel to and from Mars,only if the spacecraft has enough protection and the round trip is shorter than approximately four years.And the timing of a human mission to Mars would indeed make a difference:The scientists determined that the best time for a flight to leave Earth would be when solar ac- tivity is at its peak(高峰期)，because,during this period,the most dangerous and energet- ic particles from distant galaxies are deflected()by the enhanced solar activity. A trip of that length would be imaginable.The average flight to Mars takes about nine months,so depending on the timing of launch and available fuel,it is reasonable that a hu- man mission could reach the planet and return to Earth in less than two years,according to Yuri Shprits,a UCLA research geophysicist and co-author of the paper. 英语13-2 "This study shows that while space radiation impose()strict limitations on how heavy the spacecraft can be and the time of launch,and it presents technological difficulties for human missions to Mars,such a mission is possible,"said Shprits,who also is head of space physics and space weather at GFZ Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam,Ger- many. 8.What's the function of the first paragraph? A.To list human's achievements in space. B.To show a possible way to travel to Mars. C.To introduce scientists'effort to travel to Mars. D.To present one of the difficulties of the trip to Mars. 9.What does the underlined word "shield"in Paragraph 2 mean? A.Escape. B.Approach. C.Protect. D.Separate. l0.What is the longest duration(持续时间)of a round trip to Mars for the safety of hu mans? A.About 9 months. B.Less than 4 years. C.Less than two years. D.One year. 11.What can be the best title for the text? A.Will It Be Safe for Humans to Fly to Mars? B.Humans Will Travel to Mars in the Near Future C.The Timing of a Trip to Mars Is Planned D.Particle Radiation Changes for the Solar Activity D An experiment which saw salad seeds sent into space has given hope for the future of growing food on another planet,according to a recently-published study. The findings have appeared after two kilograms of seeds spent six months on board the International Space Station(ISS)with the astronaut,Tim Peake,as part of his Principia mission. There,the seeds could have absorbed up to 100 times more radiation (than on Earth while being influenced by the violent shaking from the stresses of space travel. When the seeds returned to Earth in 2016,600,000 children from schools across Brit- ain took part in an experiment,supported by the UK Space Agency,to plant them and mo- nitor their growth,comparing it to that of seeds that had remained on Earth. The results showed that,while the space seeds grew more slowly and were more sen- sitive to ageing,they were still able to survive. Peake said,"When humans travel to Mars,they will need to find ways to feed them- selves,and this research helps us understand some of the biology of seed storage and ger- mination(发芽)which will be important for future space missions..” The Royal Horticultural Society(RHS)tasked 8,600 schools and groups across Brit- ain with taking part in the controlled study and recording their results as a scientist would. It was part of a project called Rocket Science,led by the RHS Campaign for School Gardening,in partnership with the UK Space Agency. RHS manager Alana Cama said,"The Rocket Science experiment opened a window in- to space biology and allowed young people to be at the forefront of creative research. "This research project did more than just inspire;it furthered our understanding of the challenges around growing plants in unusual environments and the possibility of growing food on long-term space missions in the future.Inspiring a new generation of botanists and biologists will remain our goal to enrich everyone's lives through plants." 英语13-3 12.What do the findings of the experiment indicate? A.Salad seeds sent into space turned out to be a failure. B.Astronauts successfully grew salad seeds on Mars. C.The future of growing plants in space looks bright. D.The radiation makes it impossible for plants to survive. 13.Which word can be filled in the blank to complete the research steps? carry the seeds into space >bring them back to Earth the growing state →make comparisons A.Update. B.Observe. C.Protect. D.Improve. 14.Unlike those on Earth,the seeds sent into space A.can grow 100 times larger in size B.provide enough food for astronauts C.stop growing when returning to Earth D.are more likely to show signs of ageing 15.What can we learn from what Alana Cama said? A.Growing plants in unusual environments is no longer a challenging task. B.A new generation of botanists and biologists takes the lead in the research. C.The project inspires the interests of the young generation in creative fields. D.The exploration of growing food in space is the central mission in the future. Ⅱ.阅读填句（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） What will happen if you look at a solar eclipse(日（食）？l6,even looking at any part of the sun's rays through ordinary equipment,like regular sunglasses,can result in serious eye damage.Here are some information about the risks of looking at the sun and how to stay safe while observing this sun's event. What are the risks to looking at the sun with no eye protection?It's never safe to look directly at the sun.Looking at the sun for even a few seconds can cause "eclipse blind- ness",a dangerous condition in which solar rays damage the eyes.17. Viewing a solar eclipse could also make your eyes uncovered when facing possibly harmful UV(紫外线的)rays.The cornea,.the eye's protective surface,can also be dam- 烯 aged by UV rays,which cause pain and poor eyesight.18,as well as damage to other parts in the back of the eyes. 19 During the eclipse,special eclipse glasses must be worn.That's because the sun's surface is so bright that if you stare at any part of it,no matter how small,it pro- duces enough light to permanently damage your eyes.Our eyes never developed to look at the sun without suffering severe damage.Regular sunglasses are not safe to use.20,be sure they are made by professional companies. A.If you buy eclipse glasses B.Without a specific eclipse glasses C.How can we view the solar eclipse safely D.Where can we watch the solar eclipse safely E.A professional company will help you choose sunglasses F.This can happen if you are not wearing sufficient eye protection G.UV rays even cause lasting blindness and eyeball damage in the eyes 英语13-4第二节 [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者 偶然间接触到中国道家思想，并逐渐爱上中国文化的 故事。 1.exposure[考查名词。句意：我第一次接触中国文化完 全是偶然发生的。设空处被序数词first修饰，且作句子 的主语，应使用名词形式。故填exposure。] 2.shelves[考查名词复数。句意：在八岁的时候，我走进 一家书店，从其中的一个书架上挑了一本书。由空前的 “one of the'”可知，此处表示“…中的一个”，应使用名 词复数。故填shelves。] 3.obviously[考查副词。句意：这本书的内容显然未被我 理解，但它让我与一个玄奥的哲学传统有了早期的联 系，直到今天我仍然受到它的影响。设空处修饰形容词 lost,应使用副词。故填obviously。] 4.which[考查定语从句。句意见上题。分析句子可知， 此处为“介词十关系代词”引导的定语从句，介词by与 从句中的influenced构成be influenced by“被…影 响”；先行词tradition在从句中作介词by的宾语，指物， 故填which。] 5.combining[考查现在分词。句意：后来我对这门语言 的兴趣增强了，它结合了我对旅行的热爱和我对结识新 朋友的热爱。句中developed为谓语，设空处为非谓语 动词作状语，与逻辑主语My interest in the language之 间为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填combining。.] 6.than[考查介词。句意：文化和食物是紧密相连的，也 许没有其他地方能比在中国更清楚地看到这一点。根 据语境和more clearly可知，此处在进行对比，用介词 than引出比较的对象。故填than。] 7.has been[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：近年 来，这里捉供各种食物的餐馆越来越多。该句为t小here be句型，根据时间状语In recent years可知，设空处应用 现在完成时；主语a rise是单数，助动词应用has。故填 has been。」 8.shared[考查形容词。句意：通过对美食的共同热爱， 我已经向许多朋友介绍了中国的历史和文化。由空前 的a可知，空后的love为名词，设空处需使用形容词，表 示“共有的”。故填shared。] 9.It[考查代词。句意：可以肯定地说，我的旅程才刚刚 开始。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型“ts十形容词十 to do sth..”,其中代词It为形式主语，动词不定式todo 为真正的主语。设空处位于句首，首字母应大写，故 填It。] l0.begins[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。引号内的句子 表示“千里之行，始于足下。”引号内为简单句，设空处作 谓语，名人名言应使用一般现在时；主语A journey为单 数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填begins。.] 高一下学期期末 答案 I.1-5 BDCDA 6-10 DADCB I,[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个最 精彩的太空博物馆。 l.B[细节理解题。根据“Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum|Washington'”下面的“Housing60,000air and space collections,the museum enables visitors to learn about the rich history of aviation()by viewing the first successful aircraft(飞机)一thel903 Wright Flyer一and everything that came next.(博物馆收藏了 60000件航空和航天藏品，游客可以通过观看第一架成 Ⅱ.写作第一节 [参考范文] Dear David, Having learned that you plan to pay a visit to China in the company of your family,I'm writing to extend my sin- cere welcome to you. What tops my recommendations is Beijing,where you can visit the Summer Palace and climb the Great Wall.Bei- jing,the capital of China,is home to a number of cultural relics,among which the Forbidden City enjoys the highest popularity.The scenery here is so beautiful and the climate is so pleasant that it attracts a constant stream of travelers from all over the world. I will be more than delighted if you find my recommen- dation helpful.Wish you an unforgettable time. Yours, Li Hua 第二节 [参考范文」 There was a stunned(震惊的)silence around the ta ble.Kim was on the receiving end of a cold stare from Mrs. O'Meara,whose face reddened with embarrassment.I was also shocked at my friend's mean remark.Clearing my throat,I finally asked,"What made you talk like that to your mother?"Kim whirled around,seemingly furious. "But you were the one who told me that saying nice things about your own family was the same as bragging!"she stuttered.“I was just trying to act modest!” I finally knew how Kim had misunderstood what I had said."Listen.Kim,"I took her hands in mine to calm her down,"Chinese parents might say critical things about their children to show modesty but young people are always expected to be respectful to the elders."Hearing this.Kim sighed deeply,her cheeks flushed.The awkward silence was soon dispelled as the misunderstanding was erased.Droo- ping her head,Kim apologized for her impolite behavior. Mrs.O'Meara winked at her,joking,"That's all right.We know you didn't mean it！” [解析]本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者妈妈举办中 国新年派对，为表谦虚，说自己孩子做得很糟糕。因为文 化的差异，Kim误解了作者的话，在Kim妈妈邀请作者一 家人参加复活节时，Kim当面指责妈妈做得不够好，引起 了大家的震惊。在作者的解释下，Kim理解了中西文化的 差异，向自己妈妈道歉的事。 [详解]1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“桌子周围一片让人震惊的寂静。”可 知，第一段可描写因为对Km说的话表示震惊以及大家的 反应。 ②由第二段首句内容“我终于知道Kim是怎么误解我说的 话了。”可知，第二段可描写作者对Kim的误解进行解释， 指出了中西文化的差异。 2.续写线索：批评妈妈做的火腿—大家震惊—误解作 者的话 —进行解释中西文化的差异一Kim给妈妈 道款 实战摸拟卷十三 速查 11-15 ACBDC .16-20 BFGCA 功的飞机1903年的莱特飞行器一以及接下来的 一切来了解航空的丰富历史。)”可知，史密森尼国家航 空航天博物馆中收藏了历史上的第一架飞机。] 2.D[细节理解题。根据“National Museum of the U.S. Air Force|Dayton”下面的“They've also got a Missile Gallery as well as a Space Gallery where visitors can walk inside a full-size reproduction of a NASA shuttle (航天飞机).（他们还有一个导弹画廊和一个太空画廊， 游客可以在这里走进美国国家航空航天局航天飞机的 全尺寸复制品。)”可知，美国空军国家博物馆中有一架 全尺寸复制的航天飞机。] 3.C[细节理解题。根据“Pima Air&Space Museum Tucson”下面的“One of the biggest draws,though,is its extensive 'boneyard',a collection of over 4,000 U.S. government and military aircraft that are either being re- cycled or regenerated.(然而，最大的吸引力之一是其庞 大的‘飞机坟场'，它汇集了4000多架正在回收或重建 的美国政府和军用飞机。)”可知，位于图森的皮马航空航 天博物馆以其巨大的“飞机坟场”而出名。] B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一 个初中生的太空梦想。 4.D[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“e is always drea ming that he can fly to space to look at the earth one day.(他总是梦想有一天能飞到太空看地球。)”可知，这 个男孩长大后想当宇航员。] 5.A[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“From his father,he knew that scientists made rockets to carry things into space,and spaceships were used to carry people through space.(从他父亲那里，他知道科学家制造火箭是为了把 东西送入太空，而宇宙飞船是用来载人穿越太空的。)” 可知，男孩的爸爸告诉他关于火箭和宇宙飞船的事情。] 6.D[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“More importantly, before he can fly to space,he must be trained specially. (更重要的是，在他能飞上太空之前，他必须接受专门的 训练。)”可知，飞入太空前他必须接受一些专门的 训练。了 7.A[主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“But as time goes by,some new dreams have appeared and some old ones have disappeared.However,only one dream is still in his mind.(但是随着时间的推移，一些新的梦想出现了，一 些旧的已经消失了。然而，只有一个梦想还在他的脑海 里。)”及第二段中的“He is always dreaming that he can fly to space to look at the earth one day.(他总是梦想有 一天能飞到太空看地球。)”可知，文章主要讲述了一个 男孩的太空梦想。由此可知，A.Dreams of a Boy(一个男孩 的梦想)适合作本文标题。 C,[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是前往火 星的旅程中，人类将会受到太空中的粒子辐射的影响。科 学家认为，恰当的启程时间和合理的旅行周期将能确保宇 航员的安全。 8.D[推理判断题。根据第一段的“One of them is t小hese rious risk posed by particle radiation (from the sun,distant stars and galaxies(星系).（其中之一是来自 太阳、遥远恒星和星系的粒子辐射带来的严重风险。)” 和第二段的“Answering two key questions would go a long way toward overcoming that difficulty(回答两个关 键问题将对克服这一困难大有帮助)”可推知，第一段的 作用是介绍人类前往火星需要克服的一个难题。] 9.C[词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“from the radiation (辐射)”可知，此处作者提出疑问：前往火星的恰当时机 能否保护宇航员和宇宙飞船免受辐射的伤害。由此可 知，shield意为“保护；保卫”，与protect意思相近。] l0.B[细节理解题。根据第三段的“That is,humans should be able to safely travel to and from Mars,only if the spacecraft has enough protection and the round trip is shorter than approximately four years.(也就是说，人类 应该能够安全地往返火星，前提是宇宙飞船有足够的屏 蔽，往返时间不超过大约4年。)”可知，人类安全地往返 火星是可行的，前提是宇宙飞船有足够的保护，而且往 返时间少于四年。 1l.A[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Answer- ing two key questions would go a long way toward over- coming that difficulty:Would particle radiation pose too serious a threat to human life throughout a round trip to the red planet?And,could the very timing of a mission to Mars help shield astronauts and the spacecraft from 。1 the radiation?(回答两个关键问题将对克服这一困难大 有帮助：粒子辐射是否会在往返火星的过程中对人类生 命构成太严重的成胁？而且，前往火星的时间是否能够 帮助宇航员和宇宙飞船免受辐射的伤害？)”和第三段的 "That is,humans should be able to safely travel to and from Mars,only if the spacecraft has enough protection and the round trip is shorter than approximately four years.(也就是说，人类应该能够安全地往返火星，前提 是宇宙飞船有足够的屏蔽，往返时间不超过大约4 年。)”可知，本文主要讲的是人类前往火星将会受到太 空中的粒子辐射的影响。科学家认为合适的启程时间 和合理的旅行周期将能确保宇航员的安全，故A项 “Will It Be Safe for Humans to Fly to Mars?(人类飞往 火星会是安全的吗？)”可作本文标题。] D.[语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。根据最近发表的一 项研究，一项将沙拉种子送入太空的实验给在另一个星球 种植食物的未来带来了希望。作者介绍了对种子的研究 步骤和这些太空种子的一些特点以及人们对这个项目的 一些看法 12.C「推理判断题。第一段提到，根据最近发表的一项 研究，一项将沙拉种子送入太空的实验给在另一个星 球种植食物的未来带来了希望。由此可推知，实验结 果表明，在太空种植植物的前景是光明的。] 13.B[推理判断题。根据第二段可知，首先这些种子要 被带入太空，根据第四段可知，当这些种子在2016年返 回地球时，来自英国各地学校的60万名儿童参加了一 项由英国航天局资助的实验，种植它们并监测它们的 生长，将其与留在地球上的种子的生长进行比较。由 此可推知，研究步骤为：将种子送入太空、将它们带回 地球、观察它们的生长状态、然后进行比较。门 14.D[细节理解题。第五段提到，结果表明，尽管太空种 子生长速度较慢，对老化更敏感，但它们仍然能够存 活。由此可知，与地球上的种子不同，送入太空的种子 更有可能出现衰老的迹象。] l5.C[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知Alana Cama 说：“火箭科学实验打开了一扇通向太空生物学的窗 口，让年轻人走在创造性研究的前沿。”以及最后一段 This research project did more than just inspire... space missions in the future..可知这个研究项目不仅仅 给了我们灵感；它加深了我们对在不寻常环境中种植 植物所面临的挑战以及未来长期太空任务中种植粮食 的可能性的理解。由此可推知，从Alana Cama的话中， 我们能了解到这个项目会激发年轻一代在具有创造性 的领域的兴趣。 Ⅱ.[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了看日 食存在的风险以及需要进行的保护措范。 l6.B[根据上文“What will happen if you look at a solar eclipse(日食)？（如果你看日食会发生什么？）”以及后 "even looking at any part of the sun's rays through ordinary equipment.like regular sunglasses,can result in serious eye damage(即使是通过普通的设备，比如普 通的太阳镜，看太阳光线的任何部分，也会导致严重的 眼睛损伤)”可知，本句回答上文提出的问题，结合后文 可知普通的太阳镜看日食会导致眼睛损伤，说明需要 特定的设备。故B选项“没有特定的日食眼镜”为后文 眼睛受伤的条件，符合语境。 l7.F[根据上文“What are the risks to looking at the sun with no eye protection?It's never safe to look directly at the sun.Looking at the sun for even a few seconds can cause 'eclipse blindness',a dangerous condition in which solar rays damage the eyes.(不戴护目镜看太阳 有什么风险？直视太阳永远都不安全。即使只盯着太 阳看几秒钟，也会导致‘日食失明’，这是一种危险的情 况，太阳光线会损害眼睛。)”可知，本句为本段最后 句，故承接上文说明直视太阳，眼睛没有保护会发生损 害眼睛的情况，故F选项“如果你没有戴充足的护目 镜，就会发生这种情况”符合语境。」 l8.G[根据上文“The cornea,the eye's protective sur face,can also be damaged by UV rays,which cause pain and poor eyesight..(眼睛的保护层角膜也会受到紫 外线的伤害，从而导致疼痛和视力下降。)”以及后文“as well as damage to other parts in the back of the eyes( 及眼睛后部共他部位的损伤)”可知，本句与上文并列， 继续说明紫外线对眼睛的伤害。故G选项“紫外线甚 至会造成永久性失明和眼球损伤”符合语境。] l9.C[根据后文“During the eclipse,special eclipse glas- ses must be worn.That's because the sun's surface is so bright that if you stare at any part of it,no matter how small,it produces enough light to permanently damage your eyes.Our eyes never developed to look at 高一下学期期末 答案 1.1-5 CAABD 6-10 1.语言知识运用第一节 [语篇解读]本文主要介绍了中国在太空探索领域所取 得的成就，包括发射探测器、建设空间站等，以及中国人民 的勤劳勇敢精神和智慧对取得这些成就的贡献。 1.C[考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：众所周知，中国已 经制定了明确的计划，在2030年前将宇航员送上月球， 并正在稳步推进。A.putting off延期；B.slowing down 减速；C.pushing forward推进；D.stepping back后退。 根据下一句“However,China has done many things be- sides that.”以及下文中国已经取得的成就可知，这一计 划正在稳步推进。 2.A[考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，全球 已经执行了大约50次火星任务。A.carried out实施； B.carried away带走、冲走；C.carried off夺走；D.carried on继续进行。根据上文“Many countries are interested in Mars(火星).”可知，有许多国家都对去火星感兴趣， 由此可知，全球已经执行了大约50次的火星任务。] 3.A[考查动词词义辨析。句意：但其中近一半的人未能 实现这一目标。A.failed失败；B.begun开始；C.succee- ded成功；D.attempted尝试。根据句首词“but”可知，本 句和上文存在转折关系。由此可知，虽然全球已经执行 了大约50次的火星任务，但是近一半没能成功。] 4.B[考查名词词义辨析。句意：2020年7月23日，中国 首个火星探测器“天问一号”发射升空，引发了对失败的 担忧。A.loss损失；B.concern担忧；C.awareness意识； D.ignorance忽视。根据下文“the concern disappeared" 可知，中国“天问一号”探测器发射时引发了人们的 担忧。] 5.D[考查副词词义辨析。句意：经过大约10个月的旅 行，该飞船于2021年5月15日成功降落在火星表面。 A.obviously显而易见地；B.calmly平静地；C.suddenly 突然；D.successfully成功地。根据下文“The success marks that China has become one of the leading 7 of outer space.”可知，探测船成功降落在火星表面。] 6.A[考查代词词义辨析。句意：我们成功的好消息让这 个国家感到宽慰和庆幸，担忧消失了。A.it它；B.that 那；C.which那一；D.one一个。根据下文“The success marks that China has become one of the leading 7 of outer space.”可知，探测船成功降落在火星表面。make it,意为“成功做某事”，符合句意。] 7.C[考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一成功标志着中国已 成为太空探索的领先国家之一。A.applicants申请者； B.officials官员；C.explorers探险者；D.judges法官、栽 判。根据上文“Many countries are interested in Mars(火 ·11 the sun without suffering severe damage.Regular sun- glasses are not safe to use.(在日食期间，必须佩戴特殊 的日食眼镜。这是因为太阳的表面非常明亮，如果你 盯着它的任何一部分，不管它有多小，它都会产生足够 的光来永久性地伤害你的眼睛。我们的眼睛从未发育 到不受严重伤害就能看太阳的程度。普通的太阳镜不 安全。)”以及问号可知，本句主要是引起后文如何安全 观看日食的问题，故C选项“我们怎样才能安全地观看 日食”符合语境。] 20.A[根据后文“be sure they are made by professional companies(确保它们是由专业公司制作的)”可知，本句 是在说明购买了日食眼镜的情况，A选项中eclipse glasses对应后文they。故A选项“如果你买日食眼镜” 符合语境。] 实战模拟卷十四 速查 ACABC 11-15 DCABA )So far,about 50 Mars missions have been 2 globally.But nearly half of them have 3 to get there." 可知，很多国家对火星感兴趣，全球已经执行了大约50 次火星任务，但有近一半的任务都失败了。由此可知， “天问一号”的成功登陆标志着中国已经成为太空探索 的领先国家之一。] 8.A[考查副词词义辨析。句意：它还表明，中国在空间 探索技术的发展方面取得了突破，因为它们都是完全自 主开发的。A.independently独立地；B.definitely肯定 地；C.quickly迅速地；D.fortunately幸运地。根据下文 “Why can China do this without any outside help?”可知， 中国在空间探索技术的发展方面取得了突破并没有依 靠外在的帮助，由此可知，它们都是完全自主开发的。] 9.B[考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：中国人民用智慧和 勇气克服了一切困难。A.get back返回；B.get over克 服；C.get along进展；D.get up起床、站起来。根据上文 "Why can China do this without any outside help?It is the can-do spirit..”可知，中国人民克服了一切困难。] 10.C[考查动词词义辨析。句意：20世纪60年代初，当 国家还是一个贫穷落后的国家时，政府决定发展火箭和 航天技术。A.measured测量；B.accounted解释、将… 视作；C.remained保持；D.attracted吸引。根据时间状 语“In the early1960s”以及常识可知，中国在20世纪60 年代初还是一个贫穷落后的国家。] 11.D[考查动词词义辨析。句意：20世纪60年代初，当 国家还是一个贫穷落后的国家时，政府决定发展火箭和 航天技术。A.remove去除；B.exchange交换；C.regret 后悔；D.develop发展、开发。根据上文“It also reveals that China has got breakthroughs()in the develop- ment of space exploration technologies as they are all en- tirely developed8.”可知，空处指的是中国决定发展 火箭和航天技术。] 12.C[考查介词词义辨析。句意：只要方向正确，不断努 力，我们就会一步一步地走到今天。A.0n在……上；B. in在…里；C.by在…旁、凭借；D.about关于。根据 “With the correct direction and continuous efforts,”可 知，中国通过不断努力，一步一步地走到今天。短语： step by step,意为“一步一步”，符合句意。] 13.A[考查动词词义辨析。句意：2021年4月29日，中 国将天河核心舱送入太空，开始了中国空间站的建设。 A.starting开始；B.counting数数；C.suffering遭受； D.cutting切。根据上文“On April29,2021,China sent Tianhe Core Module(天和核心舱)into space,”可知，中 国从将天河核心舱送入太空开始了中国空间站的 建设。]