Unit 1 Time to Relax Section A Grammar Focus 课件 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

Unit1 Time to Relax How do you spend your free time? Grammar Focus learning objectives Language Knowledge: - Identify infinitives as object complements/adverbials; master infinitive structures (to do, do, not to do).- Use infinitives to complete dialogues and passages; grasp verb-infinitive collocations (e.g., ask/tell/make sb. to do/do). Language Skills: - Analyze infinitive functions to build logical thinking. - Use infinitives to describe leisure activities and develop creative thinking. Affective Attitude:- Summarize infinitive rules independently through exercises. - Apply infinitives in real communication to improve language transfer skills. Cultural Awareness: - Learn about different leisure activities and form a positive leisure attitude.- Understand family/friend interaction through the topic and value interpersonal connections. I need somebody_ Somebody_ Somebody _ Somebody _ It's easy _ But it's never the same to heal to know to hold to have to say 非谓语动词to do What do you do in your free time? I play the flute to relax. How did you spend your weekend? I went to the sports centre to ice-skate. How did you get into painting? I saw my mother paint. I decided to give it a go. What did your instructor say? She told me not to give up so easily. Read the sentences. Decide if each infinitive in bold functions as an object complement or adverbial. 4a adverbial adverbial object complement object complement Peter watched Yaming (1)practise calligraphy and found it enjoyable. Yaming explained that it takes patience (2)to practise calligraphy. When he first started, he spent hours practising single strokes (3)to build basic skills. Peter understands this feeling well. His father is teaching him (4)to play the guitar, and it is also challenging. However, his father always encourages him (5)not to give up.Now, Yaming likes doing calligraphy very much. He often enjoys the smell of the ink while he is doing calligraphy (6)to relax. Peter chose (7)to play the guitar because he thinks it is cool. He offered (8)to teach Yaming a song if Yaming could teach him (9)to write a Chinese poem. It’s fun (10)to learn new skills together. 阅读并观察下面语篇中加粗的词语,找出它们的共同点。 What do the expressions in bold mean? Are their functions the same? Function Form Expression 作目的状语 to do 作宾语 to do 作宾语补足语 to do do 作主语 to do 按照动词不定式的表意功能,将语篇中的粗体词分类填入表中。 (1)practise (2)to practise (3)to build (4)to play (5)not to give up (6)to relax (7)to play (8)to teach (9)to write (10)to learn Infinitive 动词不定式 定义 概述 用法 动词不定式由to + 动词原形构成(有时可省略to),是非谓语动词的一种,没有人称和数的变化,能在句中作多种成分。 动词不定式的基本形式:to do(有时to可以省略),否定形式为not to do。 不定式是非谓语动词形式中的一种,可以在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语、和状语等。 What do you do in your free time? I play the flute to relax. How did you spend your weekend? I went to the sports centre to ice skate. How did you get into painting? I saw my mother paint. I decided to give it a go. What did your instructor say? She told me not to give up so easily. 为了放松,我吹长笛 为了滑冰,我去了体育中心 表目的, “为了” 不定式充当状语 1. 表目的:用 to do / in order to do ,说明动作的目的, so as to do 不能放句首。 2. 表原因:跟在glad、sad等情感形容词后,用 be + 情感形容词 + to do 。 3. 表结果:常搭配 too...to... (太……而不能)、 enough to... (足够……去做)结构。 彼得准备了爆米花 去和朋友一起看《疯狂动物城2》。 Peter prepares popcorn to watch Zootopia 2 with friends together. 目的 What do you do in your free time? I play the flute to relax. How did you spend your weekend? I went to the sports centre to ice skate. How did you get into painting? I saw my mother paint. I decided to give it a go. What did your instructor say? She told me not to give up so easily. 作宾语 动词 不定式作宾语 1. 基本结构:谓语动词 + to + 动词原形 2. 常见动词:后接不定式作宾语的高频词: - 想要类:want, hope, wish, would like - 决定类:decide, plan - 其他:try, learn, agree, forget, remember 3. 特殊情况:部分动词(如 let, make)后接不定式时 省略 to,结构为 动词 + 宾语 + 动词原形。 我希望这周末去看《疯狂动物城2》。 I hope to watch Zootopia 2 this weekend. 动词宾语 What do you do in your free time? I play the flute to relax. How did you spend your weekend? I went to the sports centre to ice skate. How did you get into painting? I saw my mother paint. I decided to give it a go. What did your instructor say? She told me not to give up so easily. Read the sentences. Decide if each infinitive in bold functions as an object complement or adverbial. 4a 作宾语补足语 宾语 动词 动词 宾语 不定式作宾语补足语 1. 基本结构 主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 + to do(不定式) 作用:补充说明宾语“要做什么”“去做什么”,让句子意思更完整。 2. 常考动词分类 - 必须带 to 的动词:ask, tell, want, would like, teach, encourage 等 3.必须省略 to 的动词:see, watch, hear, make, let 等(感官/使役动词) 朱迪想让尼克帮她破案 Judy wants Nick to help her solve the case. 作宾语 补足语 警局让朱迪加入动物城警局 The police let Judy join the Zootopia police station. 作宾语 补足语 (省略to) 不定式作主语 1. 基本结构 结构1:To do(不定式)+ 谓语动词 + 其他 结构2:It + 谓语动词(常用is) + 其他 + to do(不定式) (避免句子头重脚轻,更常用) 2.作用:不定式作主语,用来表示具体 的动作、目的或将要发生的事。 注意: 不定式作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数形式。 破案是朱迪最大的梦想 To solve the case is Judy's biggest dream. 作主语 在警队里信任搭档很重要 It is important to trust your partner in the police team. 作主语 不定式作后置定语 1. 基本结构 名词/代词 + to do(不定式) 2.作用:放在名词或代词后面, 用来修饰这个词,说明它的用途、 内容或将要发生的动作。 注意: 不定式作后置定语时,要和前面的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系,如果不定式是不及物动词,需要加相应介词。 朱迪有一个成为警察的梦想 Judy has a dream to become a police officer. 作后置 定语 动物城里有一个待侦破的案件 There is a case to solve in Zootopia. 作后置 定语 不定式作表语 1. 基本结构 主语 + be动词(am/is/are)+ to do(不定式) 2.作用:放在be动词后,说明主语的具体内容、目的或将要发生的动作。 注意: 不定式作表语时,主语常是表示目标、任务、梦想、计划等的名词(如goal, task, dream, plan)。 朱迪的目标是保护动物城的市民 Judy's goal is to protect the citizens of Zootopia. 作表语 警方的任务是侦破这个棘手的案件 The police's task is to solve the difficult case. 作表语 动词不定式 主语 固定搭配 后置定语 表语 状语 作宾语 作宾补 宾补(省略to) 表目的 表结果 表原因 Summary 1.A:Thanks for your advice!It made me _(decide)to try skiing. B:You're welcome.Try_(forget)your fears and have fun! 2.A:My cousin often asks me_(fly)kites with her when it's windy. B:That sounds fun!I'd love to watch you_(fly)kites sometime. 3.A:I love to watch kung fu movies_(relax). B:Really?When I want_(relax),I watch animal videos. 4.A:My parents told me_(not push)myself too hard. B:Yes,it's important_(not forget)to relax once in a while. Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 4b decide to forget to relax fly to fly to relax not to push not to forget / k fu / n. 功夫 /p / v. 督促;推 /ma self/ pron. 我自己 偶尔地;间或 My twin brother and I look alike,but we are so different. I love sport, and I often meet my friends_football and tennis. My brother joined us to play football once or twice, but he decided_after that.He doesn't like sport very much! Instead, he likes_at home and_movies,_to music, and chat with friends online. Our parents were worried about him staying home too much. They also wanted us_more time together as a family. So,now they let us_our favourite activities on Saturdays, but on Sundays, we go on a family outing together! Read the passage quickly and answer the questions. Do the twin brothers have the same hobby? What is the passage about? My twin brother and I look alike,but we are so different. I love sport, and I often meet my friends_football and tennis. My brother joined us to play football once or twice, but he decided_after that.He doesn't like sport very much! Instead, he likes_at home and_movies,_to music, and chat with friends online. Our parents were worried about him staying home too much. They also wanted us_more time together as a family. So,now they let us_our favourite activities on Saturdays, but on Sundays, we go on a family outing together! Complete the passage with the infinitive forms of the verbs in the box. What do you usually do outdoors? 4c chat (not) come do listen play spend stay watch to play not to come to stay watch listen to spend do chat /t t/ v. & n. 闲聊 出外游玩 Every "to do" action is striving for what you love. Never give up easily, and let your hobbies become the power to make yourself better! 每一个“to do”的行动,都是在为自己的热爱努力,别轻易放弃,让爱好成为让自己变优秀的力量吧! 1. How did you get into painting? 你是怎么开始画画的? (教材P5 4a) (1)开始做某事 get into She got into painting after taking a few art classes. 在上过几节美术课后,她就开始接触绘画了。 He easily got into the building through the open door. 他轻而易举地从开着的门进入了大楼。 (2)进入 近义短语:take up 开始学;开始从事 Language points get into 还可表示“处于(某种情形);养成(某种习惯) ”。 Nobody wants to get into trouble. 没有人想惹上麻烦。 She got into the habit of taking a nap at noon. 她养成了中午休憩的习惯。 2. I saw my mother paint. I decided to give it a go. (教材P5 4a) 此处 go 作名词,意为“尝试,一番努力”,give it a go 是英语中常用的口语表达,相当于 have a try, give it a try。 give it a go 试一试某事 This maths problem may be too hard,but let’s give it a go first. 这道数学题也许太难,但我们先试一试吧。 Let me have a go at riding your new bike. 让我试试骑你的新自行车。 3. My parents told me not to push myself too hard. 我父母告诉我不要逼自己太狠。(教材 P5 4b) ①督促,鞭策 push sb/oneself too hard 把某人/自己逼得太紧 push sb to do sth 督促/鞭策某人做某事 push v. 督促;推 My parents push me to study harder before the exam. 我父母催促我考试前更努力学习。 You can’t push your children too hard. 你不能把你的孩子们逼得太紧。 ②推,推力 反义词是pull“拉” Give the car a push, and it will start. 推一下这辆车,它就能发动了。 The child needs a little push to climb up the step. 这个小孩需要一点推力才能爬上台阶。 4. Yes, it’s important not to forget to relax once in a while. 是的,不忘偶尔放松一下很重要。(教材 P5 4b) once in a while 偶尔地;间或 相当于 from time to time。表示某个动作或事件并非频繁发生,而是间隔一段时间出现一次。 His grandpa goes fishing once in a while. 他的爷爷偶尔去钓鱼。 Once in a while, I help pack up things. 我偶尔帮忙整理东西。 Homework Must do: Write 5 sentences with “verb + to do” structure to talk about your hobbies. Choose to do: Interview your family member about their hobbies and take notes with infinitives (at least 2 notes). $