Unit 1 Time to Relax Section A Grammar Focus 课件 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

UNIT 1 Time to Relax Time to Relax Section A Grammar Focus 能够归纳总结动词不定式的基本结构（肯定式：to + 动词原形；否定式：not+to + 动词原形）；明确其语法功能（作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语）和用法特点。掌握带 to 和不带 to 动词不定式的区别，尤其是感官动词和使役动词后接不带 to 不定式的规则。（学习理解） 01 能在语境中正确运用动词不定式表达目的、愿望、计划等，能准确使用动词不定式完成句子填空和对话练习，能区分不同语境下动词不定式的正确形式。（应用实践） 02 能在小组活动中，运用动词不定式描述自己的课余活动和个人经历，做到语言准确、表达流畅，通过分享增进同伴间的了解和交流。（迁移创新） 03 Learning Objectives 动词不定式的功能 1、动词不定式作状语 动词不定式可以在句中作状语，表示目的、结果或原因。作目的状语时通常放在句末，用于正式语境或需要强调时，也可以放在句首，用逗号与后面的句子隔开。 He came to Beijing to have a meeting. 他来北京开会。 表目的 He is too young to look after himself. 他年龄太小，不能照顾自己。 表结果 To protect the environment, we should reduce plastic use.　 为了保护环境，我们应该减少塑料的使用。 表原因 ①接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词(短语)有：tell、ask、order、allow、encourage、advise, want, wish, expect invite, choosewould like等。 She told me to finish homework first. 她让我先完成作业。 Then he asked me to sit down beside a girl.　 然后他让我坐在一个女孩旁边。 Do you remember how they spend their free time ? Chen Jie She likes to play the flute. Why? She plays it to relax. Do you remember how they spend their free time ? Fu Xing She likes to swim. Why did she start swimming? She started swimming to get over her fear. 动词不定式作宾语补足语 宾语补足语是紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语的身份、状态或动作进行补充说明的成分，使宾语的意义更加完整。此时可以是带to的不定式，也可以是不带to的不定式，这主要取决于谓语动词。 接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有感官动词(see、hear、notice、watch、feel等)和使役动词(make、let、have等)。 I saw Tom play basketball on the playground. 我看见汤姆在操场打篮球。 I saw her get on the bus. 我看见她上了公共汽车。 动词help后可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，也可以接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 Can you help me (to) open the door? 你能帮我打开门吗？ Presentation Look and say 不定式充当状语 表原因：跟在作表语的glad、sad等情感形容词或过去分词的后面，用 be + 情感形容词 + to do 。 表结果：常搭配 too...to... （太……而不能）、 enough to... （足够 ……去做）结构。 I am very glad to see you again. Jack is afraid to ask questions. He is too young to understand all that. 他太年轻了，不能理解这件事情。 She is old enough to go to school. 【拓展】 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。 Presentation Read and say 作宾语补足语 宾语 动词 Presentation 动词不定式作宾语补足语 Look and say 用于使役动词（如 make、have、let等）和感官动词（ 如 see、watch、 notice、hear、listen to、feel等）后时，动词不定式通常省略 to。 Did you notice her leave the house? 你注意到她离开屋子了吗? I saw her get into the car. 我看见她上了车。 His parents let him sweep the floor. 他父母让他扫地。 可带“to”也可省略“to”的: help sb. (to) do sth. Can you help me (to) post this letter? Listening to music makes me feel relaxed. Find the rules to do： object complement (作宾补) She told me not to give up so easily. My cousin often asks me to fly kites with her. Students helped each other to make paper cutting. 引导学生观察和发现句子中动词不定式的不同的用法和功能。 16 Read the sentences. Decide if each infinitive in bold functions as an object complement or adverbial. What do you do in your free time? I play the flute to relax. How did you spend your weekend? I went to the sports centre to ice skate. How did you get into painting? I saw my mother paint. I decided to give it a go. What did your instructor say? She told me not to give up so easily. Adverbial. Adverbial. Object complement. Object complement. 17 Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 1.A: Thanks for your advice! It made me__________ (decide) to try skiing. B:You're welcome.Try_________(forget) your fears and have fun! 2.A:My cousin often asks me__________(fly) kites with her when it's windy.  B:That sounds fun! I'd love to watch you_________(fly) kites sometime. 3.A:I love to watch kung fu movies_________(relax). B:Really? When I want___________(relax), I watch animal videos. 4.A: My parents told me ___________(not push) myself too hard. B:Yes, it's important____________ (not forget) to relax once in a while. decide to forget to fly fly to relax to relax not to push not to forget make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 try to do sth. 尝试做某事 ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事 watch sb. do sth.看某人做某事 用动词不定式 “to relax”作目的状语 want to do sth. 想要做某事 tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事 “it's + 形容词 + not to do sth.” 是常用结构 18 动词不定式 形式：to+动词原形（to有时省略） 否定：not to+动词原形 没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语 概述 用法 作宾语 作宾补 作目的状语 作主语 to 的省略 疑问词+不定式 常用 it 作形式主语 want, refuse, forget; need, try, learn… it 作形式宾语 ask, tell, want, teach, wish, help… 可放句首，一般用逗号隔开，也可放句尾 感官动词 + 使役动词 Summary Presentation 动词不定式作宾语补足语省去to的几种情况： Look and say notice listen to hear watch 五看 see look at find 三使 let make have 二听 一感觉: feel +sb. do sth. （不带to） Complete the passage with the infinitive forms of the verbs in the box. What do you usually do outdoors? My twin brother and I look alike, but we are so different. I love sport, and I often meet my friends _________ football and tennis. My brother joined us to play football once or twice, but he decided ___________ after that. He doesn't like sport very much! Instead, he likes ______ at home and ________movies, _________to music, and chat with friends online. Our parents were worried about him staying at home too much. They also wanted us ___________ more time together as a family. So, now they let us ______ our favourite activities on Saturdays, but on Sundays, we go on a family outing together!   (not) come   do listen play spend stay watch to play not to come to stay watch listen to spend do 用动词不定式 “to play”作目的状语 decide not to do sth.决定不做某事 like to do sth. 喜欢做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 let sb. do sth.让某人做某事 Purpose:促使学生综合运用动词不定式的各种语法功能，同时培养学生在语篇中运用语法和构建语义连贯语篇的能力，提高学生的综合语言应用素养。 21 1. Lisa and Betty like playing ping-pong, so they choose _________ (join) the ping-pong club. 2. The teacher asks us _________ (speak) English in class. 3. When you plan ________ (join) a club, the test can share some good ideas. 4. It is best ___________ (not agree) with others without further thinking. 5. It’s important for parents _________ (teach) their kids to use digital devices properly. 6. Look! The teenagers are making cards _________ (show) love for their mothers. to join 用单词的适当形式填空。 to speak to join not to agree to teach to show Presentation Look and say Translate the sentences according to the pictures and Chinese. 朱迪想让尼克帮她破案。 Judy wants Nick to help her solve the case. 作宾语补足语 The police let Judy join the Zootopia police station. 警局允许朱迪加入动物城警局。 作宾语补足语 (省略to) 行业PPT模板http://www.2ppt.com/hangye/ Exercises PART 05 I decide ________ to the mountains, but my sister wants ________ at home. A. going; staying B. to go; staying C. going; to stay D. to go; to stay 2 —Do you know how ________ this machine? —Yes, my father taught me last week. A. operate B. operating C. to operate D. operated 3 I often forget ______ the door when I leave home, but yesterday I remembered ______ it. A. to lock; locking B. locking; to lock C. to lock; to lock D. locking; locking 1 Multiple choice. 行业PPT模板http://www.2ppt.com/hangye/ Homework PART 06 You can talk about your free-time activities. How do you spend your free time? What are the challenges of doing these activities? What’s your purpose of doing these activities? Group Work 27 Presentation Watch and learn 1. Master the usage of infinitive. 2. Make up sentences with your partners using infinitive . 3. Finish the exercises. Homework Thanks! $