专题04 阅读理解（议论文）（北京专用）2026年中考英语一模分类汇编

专题04 阅读理解（议论文） Passage 1 （2026·北京房山·一模）When you travel, do you map out every site ahead of time and stick to the plan, making sure you don’t miss anything? Or do you only make simple preparations and then do whatever you feel like during the trip? The difference being considered is that between planning and spontaneity (随性). Some may argue strongly that a well-structured plan is the safer, more trustworthy way. Others hold that spontaneity, with its openness to surprise, is the truer way to experience life. The answer, I suppose, is that neither is always better. It depends on the situation, and more importantly, on what we hope to get out of it. When launching a spacecraft into space, careful planning is beyond question, for a mistake could lead to disaster. But when playing football with children in the backyard, a strict game plan would feel out of place, for spontaneity allows the joy of the moment to take over. The same activity can call for different ways depending on its purpose. Both planning and spontaneity come with their own risks. Over-planning may cause us to focus so much on covering every detail (细节) that we forget to enjoy the experience itself. This can happen when we take too many pictures of famous sites, only to realize later that we never truly enjoy them. On the other hand, a willingness to “wing it” can sometimes turn small mistakes into costly ones. For example, an unplanned hike without enough water may turn a pleasant afternoon into a difficult one. Thus, neither way is always better. What matters is knowing the risks of each and choosing the one that fits the situation. Yet planning and spontaneity need not be opposites. Even in highly structured settings, there is room for the unplanned. A symphony orchestra (交响乐团) performs from written music, yet a conductor may make small changes to the way the music is played based on the feel of the moment. Jazz musicians, famous for their improvisation (即兴创作), still begin with a basic structure. In both cases, planning provides the base, while spontaneity brings it to life. So, which is better? The question itself may be too simple. What matters is not choosing one over the other, but understanding when each is called for, and how they can work together. Recognizing this allows us to make wiser decisions, but only when we are willing to look closely at our own choices and take responsibility for what we see. 1．Why does the writer mention two different examples in Paragraph 3? A．To stress that careful planning is necessary. B．To prove that spontaneity works better in daily life. C．To explain that the situation decides whether to plan or be spontaneous. D．To show that planning is more difficult than being spontaneous. 2．What do the words “wing it” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．Do things carelessly. B．Act without preparation. C．Go against rules. D．Take unnecessary risks. 3．Which of the following shows a balance between planning and spontaneity? A．Sticking to a strict timetable. B．Following a cookbook step by step. C．Making a to-do list but keeping the order flexible. D．Going out right after seeing the nice weather. 4．Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A．Planning and Spontaneity: Hidden Risks B．Planning and Spontaneity: Both Have a Place C．Planning over Spontaneity: The Key to Success D．Spontaneity before Planning: The Path to Happiness 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了生活中“规划”和“随性”的关系，指出两者没有绝对的好坏，需要根据具体情况灵活选择，二者可以互补。 1．第3段举了两个例子：发射航天器需要周密计划，后院踢球则适合随性发挥。原文提到“The same activity can call for different ways depending on its purpose.”，说明情境和目的决定了用哪种方式。 2．第4段的“wing it”和后文的“unplanned hike”对应，意思是“毫无准备地行动”，所以选B。 3．题目要求找“规划和随性平衡”的选项：A、B只体现了规划；D只体现了随性；C“列待办清单但不固定顺序”，既有规划，又保留了灵活调整的空间，符合“平衡”的要求。 4．全文核心观点是“规划和随性各有适用场景，都有价值”，所以B选项“Planning and Spontaneity: Both Have a Place”最贴合主旨。 Passage 2 （2026·北京石景山·一模）It was dark outside, a late afternoon in the winter of 1981. As I did each week during my last year of graduate school, I was sitting with my thesis (论文) director, the poet James Dickey. I remember that particular meeting because of one ill-chosen word. In a poem that was otherwise finished, a single adjective was clearly wrong. We batted alternatives back and forth across the desk, but none was right. Hours later, while I was washing the cups at ten o’clock, the right word surfaced: pale. Without pausing to weigh the hour, I called my professor and said, “The word is ‘pale’.” Mr. Dickey was overjoyed about that word, every bit as delighted as I was. If only for a moment, the world made a kind of sense it hadn’t made before. I had not thought about that phone call, much less that poem, in many years, but I’ve begun to think about it often. Nowadays, “AI assistants” have suddenly colonized (征服) my documents. They appear out of nowhere, like fruit flies around an overripe banana. In this brave new world, the search for a word like “pale” has been outsourced to a robot that will never suggest such a word. The yoking of unlikely adjective and noun is still, for now, the province of unwetted poets. I have spent hours trying to kill these ghosts in my machine. In some cases, I can’t turn it off at all. The writing teachers I know struggle to persuade their students not to use these tools. They are everywhere now. Who could blame a young writer for wondering how using these “assistants” is any different from using spell check or letting AI supply the next word in a text? Besides, if they don’t use these tools, won’t they be falling behind the many students who do? Who was it who first said, “I don’t know what I think until I see what I write”? Versions of this statement have been attributed (具有……特质) to writers as various as Joan Didion, William Faulkner, and Stephen. In I, Robot, the 2004 film loosely inspired by Isaac Asimov’s classic sci-fi novel, one robot has feelings. It learns to solve problems with human creativity. And with those attributes come the questions raised by being human. Twenty-six minutes into the film, the robot asks, plaintively, “What am I?” This is a question writers ask every day. 1．The author suggests the AI tools are ______. A．intended to substitute for teachers’ judgment B．ideal for choosing rare and unlikely adjectives C．suitable for drafting poems with impactful imagery D．helpful for routine messages yet limited for discovery 2．What does the word “yoking” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Explaining. B．Comparing. C．Joining. D．Describing. 3．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．I, Human B．A Word, A World C．I, Robot D．A Student, A Professor 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了作者回忆当年和教授推敲诗歌用词的经历，对比如今AI辅助写作的现状，探讨了人类写作中寻找精准词汇的独特性，以及AI工具的局限性。 1．根据第三段“Nowadays, ‘AI assistants’ have suddenly colonized (征服) my documents ... the search for a word like ‘pale’ has been outsourced to a robot that will never suggest such a word... the yoking of unlikely adjective and noun is still, for now, the province of unwetted poets”提到AI被广泛用于文本写作，但作者强调，像“pale”这类充满个人体验和创造性的词，AI永远无法生成；而将不寻常的形容词与名词结合的创造性搭配，仍是人类诗人的专利；结合第四段“They are everywhere now. Who could blame a young writer for wondering how using these ‘assistants’ is any different from using spell check or letting AI supply the next word in a text?”可知，学生常将AI用于拼写检查、文本补词这类常规用途。这说明AI在常规、机械的文本处理上有帮助，但在需要创造性发现、捕捉独特表达的任务上存在局限，对应D项表达。 2．第三段划线词的上文提到“the search for a word like ‘pale’ has been outsourced to a robot that will never suggest such a word. ”作者为诗歌找到恰当形容词搭配的经历可知，此处指“把不常规搭配的形容词和名词结合在一起”，yoking的含义与选项Joining（结合）一致。 3．文章结尾引用电影《I, Robot》中机器人的台词 “What am I?”，并点明这也是作家们每天都会问的问题，强调了人类创作的本质是对自我与存在的探索。全文围绕 “AI 与人类创作的区别” 展开，突出 “人类创作的独特性”。I, Human（我，人类）呼应了电影标题，也点明了文章的核心 —— 人类创作的本质； B、D 仅对应文中的局部细节，无法概括全文主旨； C：电影《I, Robot》只是文中的例子，并非文章主题。 Passage 3 （2026·北京海淀·一模）“Just be yourself” is among the most common pieces of advice we hear. We often think that what feels easy and comfortable must be our authentic (真实的) selves. When we try something new, we may feel like we are not being our true selves. For example, you stay quiet in discussions because you’ve accepted that you’re “not the forward-thinking type”. In this case, the so-called authenticity is actually the unchanging belief in your default patterns (默认模式), even if those patterns are keeping you stuck. Then, what does true authenticity mean? True authenticity is not just about staying stuck in your usual patterns, but about acting in line with what you care about most. You don’t lose yourself when you practice new ways of thinking and behaving. Instead, you become more attuned to what your goals require. And according to the latest Personality Science, it is believed that we can change our features purposefully to better match a life we value. Changing personality features actually means stepping out of your comfort zone (区域) and pushing you to grow beyond your limits, like bravely voicing your ideas in discussions. When you start to do so, you may feel untrue and uncomfortable, thinking that “This just isn’t me” or “I don’t want to be someone I’m not”. However, such discomfort doesn’t mean that you’re inauthentic, but it is a natural feeling when you step outside of your comfort zone. So, is it possible to stay authentic while actively trying to change? Of course. At first sight, accepting your true self and making a change may appear to be opposites. But they are not. Accepting yourself means getting clear about how you typically think, feel, and behave, while also understanding why those patterns may have developed. Change, on the other hand, is not about turning against yourself. Instead, it’s about reflecting (反思) on whether your present habits and patterns fit the life you truly want to live. Your story could be like this: It makes sense I’m guarded around others because I’ve been hurt before, but that could be another story: Even though being guarded has protected me, it is also keeping me from developing the close relationships I want, so I have to be more active in socializing. Remember: to be authentic is not to stay frozen in your old patterns. It’s to grow into the version of yourself that matters most. Be brave to push beyond your limits! 1．What does the underlined phrase “attuned to” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Matched with. B．Dependent on. C．Interested in. D．Separate from. 2．According to the writer, which behavior best shows “true authenticity”? A．Play basketball with support from parents. B．Refuse to lead a group for fear of mistakes. C．Stay quiet around strangers due to shyness. D．Share good ideas even when feeling nervous. 3．Which idea would the writer most probably agree with? A．Natural changes follow self-understanding. B．Growth comes from breaking through limits. C．Reflection on oneself leads to self-acceptance. D．New ways of thinking matters more than behaving. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To list views on leaving the comfort zone. B．To explain the importance of true authenticity. C．To encourage positive changes out of old patterns. D．To share personal experiences of self-improvement. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文解读了“真实地做自己”的含义，指出真正的真实并非固守旧习惯，而是突破舒适区、做出积极改变，成长为自己想成为的人。 1．第二段提到“You don’t lose yourself when you practice new ways of thinking and behaving.”你尝试新的思维和行为方式时，并没有失去自我，中间“Instead”转折，后文要表达的是“你的行为会更契合目标的要求”，因此“attuned to”意为“与……匹配/贴合”，对应A项。 2．文中第二段“True authenticity is not just about staying stuck in your usual patterns, ... Changing personality features actually means stepping out of your comfort zone and pushing you to grow beyond your limits, like bravely voicing your ideas in discussions. ”明确指出真正的真实是突破舒适区，为了在乎的事做出改变，比如在讨论中勇敢说出想法。D项“即使紧张也分享好想法”符合定义。 3．文章反复强调“走出舒适区、突破极限、做出改变”的重要性，最后一段“Remember: to be authentic is not to stay frozen in your old patterns ... Be brave to push beyond your limits!”也号召勇敢地突破极限吧！B项“成长来自突破极限”直接对应这一核心观点。 4．文章通过重新定义“真实自我”，打破“真实就是固守旧习惯”的误区，最终目的是鼓励读者突破舒适区、做出积极改变，成长为更好的自己。C项“鼓励突破旧模式的积极改变”准确概括了这一目的。 Passage 4 （25-26九年级下·北京西城·月考）On social media, have you seen book fans share pictures of cool books and nice reading spaces? In real life, have you seen people reading at coffee shops or on public transport? Before you start to wonder whether they are really reading the books, there is already a term for this: “performative reading”. People have joked that these individuals (个人) are making books “a symbol of hotness” or something to be worn with “a good outfit”, said The Week. This attitude goes back to 2021, when a hashtag (标签) community on TikTok called “BookTok” grew into a place where popular books became trendy (潮流的) items. Algorithms (算法) on social media push the trend further, as they mostly reward what looks good, like eye-catching covers and coffee cups in a city cafe, noted NBC News. “Performative reading” also made some people who really love reading feel uncomfortable. Alaina Demopoulos, a daily features writer for the Guardian, shared her story that when she tried to read alone in a crowd to enjoy a lovely evening, two young girls laughed at her, making her feel stressed. On social media, readers spoke out that “there’s no such thing as ‘performative reading’.” Some young people even argue that the so-called “performance” doesn’t take away from the real joy of reading. Selwa Khan, a university graduate who enjoys sharing her reads on social media, feels it’s common to “aestheticize our hobbies”. “I think social media makes everybody perform, whether they accept it or not,” she told NBC News. “I’ve seen for years posts on...all these platforms of titles that are ‘performative’, which always happen to be titles that I really enjoy,” Khan added. Today, as many of us depend heavily on short videos, making it hard to read even a whole book, does it really matter if someone “appears” to be reading? Jafei Pollitt, a regular reader who jokingly responded to this idea online, said that even pretending to read can encourage someone to start reading. It’s a little bit of “fake it until you make it.” You can start off wanting to read for the aesthetics, but eventually you might involve yourself in the book…she told NBC News. 1．According to the passage, what is “performative reading” mainly about? A．Reading books aloud as a performance. B．Reading books carefully in public places. C．Sharing reading notes on social media platforms. D．Treating reading as fashion or a way to be noticed. 2．What does the word “aestheticize” in paragraph 5 most probably mean? A．Make something easier to understand. B．Make something more popular online. C．Make something look beautiful or pleasing. D．Make something more expensive and uncommon. 3．What possible benefit does “performative reading” have, according to Jafei Pollitt? A．It greatly improves reading speed. B．It makes reading appear cool online. C．It may encourage people to choose better books. D．It may turn fake reading into a real love of reading. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing the passage? A．To introduce a new trend of reading. B．To advise people to avoid “performative reading”. C．To compare different reading platforms for readers. D．To explore different opinions on the “performative reading”. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文介绍“表演性阅读”这一网络现象，并展示人们对此的不同看法与观点。 1．第二段定义：“making books ‘a symbol of hotness’ or something to be worn with ‘a good outfit’”，说明表演性阅读是把阅读当作时尚或引人注意的方式。 2．第五段推断含义：“aestheticize our hobbies”结合上下文分享好看的阅读场景，“aestheticize”表示让事物看起来美观舒适。 3．第六段阐述观点：“even pretending to read can encourage someone to start reading”，表明假装阅读最终可能变成真正热爱阅读。 4．全文梳理内容：文章介绍现象并呈现多方不同看法，目的是探讨人们对表演性阅读的不同态度。 Passage 5 （25-26九年级下·北京·月考）Do we use technology, or does it use us? Do our gadgets (设备) improve our lives or just make us weak and lazy? These are old questions, maybe older than you think. Back in 370 BC, Socrates warned that writing could hurt memory. After all, if we write things down, do we still need to remember them? We’ve always greeted new technologies with a mixture of fascination and fear. In 1931, John Bakeless wrote that it was time to ask, “How far is the use of machines something calling for vigorous resistance; and how far is it a good thing, to which we may willingly give in?” The technology that alarmed him might seem, to us, laughably low-tech: printing machines. “It is a curious fact,” he wrote, “we have overlooked the machine’s deep influence on the human mind.” He was particularly worried about how technology was used by the media to control what people thought and talked about. For the first time, he believed, a world-wide public opinion was becoming possible. About 50 years later, as telephone answering machines became common, some people worried that machines, while useful, were encouraging self-centered thoughts and actions, resulting in social isolation (隔绝). In 2017, musician and thinker David Byrne said that social media allowed us to stay “connected” without meeting face-to-face. But he also stressed it would increase divisions by strengthening echo effects — people only hear ideas they already believe. Just last year, Will Douglas warned that AI tools would destroy children’s critical thinking skills. But maybe it’s time we pause and ask: do our fears about new technologies come to pass? Most of the time, no. Throughout history, we’ve shifted between “Wow, this is amazing!” and “It’s scary — this is going to change us in some negative way.” And then, something interesting happens — we get used to it and life goes on. Maybe the problem isn’t technology at all; maybe it’s us. Technology doesn’t make us weak, lazy or foolish. It’s our fear of it that holds us back. The printing press, the telephone, and the Internet all seemed scary at first. Now, they’re just part of everyday life. If we are to ever create the ideal human society — one with enough time for art, music and science — it was unlikely we’d get it done without technology. We just need to make sure that technology serves us instead of the other way around. Just as Bakeless wrote back in 1931, “We must put the machine in its place.” 1．The underlined words “vigorous resistance” in Paragraph 2 are closest in meaning to ________. A．active attention B．strong opposition C．careful planning D．rapid spread 2．What was Bakeless’s opinion on the printing machines? A．They would cause a world-wide discussion. B．They were important tools for the news industry. C．They might help the media control people’s minds. D．They encouraged self-centered thoughts and actions. 3．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．Socrates was right in warning about the effect of writing. B．Social media is sure to influence people in negative ways. C．AI tools have improved children’s critical thinking ability. D．Worries about new technologies are actually unnecessary. 4．What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To argue that technology is harmful to humans by nature. B．To remind people not to fear technology but to use it wisely. C．To teach us to create an ideal society with modern machines. D．To show the role of technology in the development of society. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文围绕“科技是服务人类还是控制人类”这一经典议题展开，回顾了历史上人们对印刷机、电话、社交媒体、AI等新技术的担忧与争议，最终提出科技本身无好坏，问题在于使用者，呼吁人们理性、明智地使用科技，让科技服务于人类。 1．对应第2段：句中提到“vigorous resistance”与后文“willingly give in（自愿屈服）”形成对比，说明该短语意为“强烈的反对、有力的抵制”，和strong opposition意思最接近。 2．对应第2段：文中提到Bakeless担心“how technology was used by the media to control what people thought and talked about”，说明他认为印刷机可能会帮助媒体控制人们的思想。 3．对应第4段：文中提到“do our fears about new technologies come to pass? Most of the time, no.”“Technology doesn’t make us weak, lazy or foolish. It’s our fear of it that holds us back.”，说明作者认为对新技术的担忧实际上是不必要的。 4．对应全文：文章回顾了历史上对新技术的担忧，最终提出要明智地使用科技，让科技服务于人类，核心目的是提醒人们不要恐惧科技，而是要明智地使用它。 Passage 6 （25-26九年级上·北京顺义·期末）A popular saying goes, “Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” However, that’s not really true. Words carry a weight far beyond physical effect—they have the power to build us up into confidence, or tear us down into self-doubting shadows. Whether these words come from a stranger’s casual comment , a loved one’s thoughtless remark , or our own self- talk , their effects are just as lasting. We all talk to ourselves sometimes, though many of us hide this habit out of embarrassment. In reality, this internal dialogue is a natural and even healthy part of human cognition—experts increasingly recognize that vocal self- talk improves focus, memory, and problem-solving. Be aware, though, that as much as 77% of self-talk tends to be negative. We scold ourselves for small mistakes, or dismiss (忽视) our achievements. This negative self-talk gradually destroys self-respect slowly but surely. So in order to stay positive, we must consciously practice positive self-affirmation. Celebrate the small wins—finishing a work task, acing a quiz, or even just getting out of bed on a hard day—with a sincere “Good job’” Equally important is the effect of the words we speak to others. Too often, we let words slip out without considering their weight: a critical comment that destroys, or a thoughtless remark that dismisses someone’s feelings. Yet language is a tool of connection or division. A warm “Thank you for your help” can brighten a stranger’s day and strengthen a relationship. Conversely, harsh (刻薄的) words leave scars that may never fully heal. For example, when returning an item to a store, we might use warm, friendly language during the exchange. And the clerk will probably answer in a similar manner. Our words are catching— kindness brings out kindness, while negativity fuels conflict. The lasting power of words is why we often regret things we’ve said in anger or hurry, and why unkind words spoken to us in childhood can still keep coming to our mind as adults. Before speaking, we should pause and ask three simple questions: Is it true? Is it kind? Is it necessary? If the answer to any of these is “no”, the words are better left unsaid. Words have enormous power: both positive and negative. Those around us receive encouragement when we speak positively. We can offer hope, build self-respect and motivate others to do their best. Negative words destroy all those things. Will we use our words to hurt or to heal? The choice is ours. 1．What is Paragraph 1 mainly talking about? A．Words have a lasting effect on us. B．Positive words can give us confidence. C．A popular saying about words is not true. D．Words’ effects are more lasting than physical ones. 2．What is the word “self-affirmation” in Paragraph 2 closest in meaning to? A．The act of exploring one’s own talent. B．The act of improving one’s own habits. C．The act of recognizing one’s own worth. D．The act of learning one’s own weaknesses. 3．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To compare self- talk and words to others. B．To explain why negative words are common. C．To encourage readers to use words in a positive way. D．To describe how self-talk affects people’s confidence. 4．Which of the following would be the best title of the passage? A．The Power of Words B．The Reach of Words C．The Spread of Words D．The Warmth of Words 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】 本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了语言的力量，包括语言对自身和他人的影响，强调了积极语言的重要性，并提醒人们在使用语言时要谨慎思考。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Words carry a weight far beyond physical effect—they have the power to build us up into confidence, or tear us down into self-doubting shadows. Whether these words come from a stranger’s casual comment, a loved one’s thoughtless remark, or our own self-talk, their effects are just as lasting.”可知，第一段主要论述了语言对我们有持久的影响。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“This negative self-talk gradually destroys self-respect slowly but surely. So in order to stay positive, we must consciously practice positive self-affirmation. Celebrate the small wins—finishing a work task, acing a quiz, or even just getting out of bed on a hard day—with a sincere ‘Good job’”可知，消极的自我对话会逐渐破坏自尊，为了保持积极，我们必须有意识地练习积极的自我肯定，庆祝小胜利，用真诚的“干得好”来肯定自己，所以“self-affirmation”与“认可自己的价值”意思相近。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Words have enormous power: both positive and negative. Those around us receive encouragement when we speak positively. We can offer hope, build self-respect and motivate others to do their best. Negative words destroy all those things. Will we use our words to hurt or to heal? The choice is ours.”可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是鼓励读者以积极的方式使用语言。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。根据最后一段“Words have enormous power: both positive and negative.”以及通读全文可知，本文主要论述了语言的力量，包括语言对自身和他人的影响，强调了积极语言的重要性，并提醒人们在使用语言时要谨慎思考，所以最佳标题为“语言的力量”。故选A。 Passage 7 （25-26九年级上·北京通州·期末）As AI becomes more popular in education, some argue that AI expands (扩大) creative potential (潜力), while others fear it prevents originality (独创性). One of the biggest concerns about AI in education is that it can discourage deep thinking. Since AI generates (产生) content based on existing (现存的) data, students who over-rely on (依赖) it may produce work that has no originality. Over time, relying too heavily on AI could weaken critical thinking skills and may even make students lose confidence in their own creative abilities. On the other hand, AI can be a powerful tool for expanding creative potential. One of AI’s greatest strengths is its ability to generate new ideas. When students face creative blocks, AI can provide prompts (提示) or suggest new ideas that they might not have considered. One study examined 225 university students who were assigned a creative writing task. Half used AI for assistance (帮助), while the other half worked without AI. One of the key findings was that students who used AI produced more creative outputs compared to those who didn’t. AI helped students explore new ideas, refine their writing, and experiment with new structures or concepts. They also found that it reduced the difficulty and effort required for creative tasks. Having AI assist them made the process smoother and easier. However, while AI improved the quality of creative work, it also diminished the value and enjoyment of the creative process itself. Many students reported feeling less engaged (专注的) or emotionally connected to their work when AI was heavily involved (参与的). Moreover, some students felt uneasy about relying on AI for creative tasks, questioning whether AI-generated assistance was a form of “cheating” or if it was weakening their personal effort. For AI to be a part of education, it should be a thinking partner, not just a tool for quick solutions. Teachers can encourage students to engage in a back-and-forth dialogue with AI, for example, by refining ideas and challenging responses, rather than simply copying AI-generated content. Focus on the creative process, not the final product. Creativity isn’t just about the end result-it’s about the personal journey of exploration, struggle, and discovery. Teachers could require students to take down their brainstorming process, showing how they used AI and how it influenced their work. Students need to understand how AI works, its biases, and its limitations and ensure they engage with AI in a responsible and meaningful way. AI has the potential to both hinder (阻碍) and raise creativity, depending on how it is used. The key is responsible and intentional use. AI should support students, not replace their creative efforts. By teaching students how to use AI as a tool, we can ensure that AI empowers the next generation of creative thinkers instead of limiting their potential. 1．What is the study mainly about? A．Reasons for students to use AI. B．AI’s working process for helping creativity. C．AI’s influence on students’ creativity. D．Difficulties students face when using AI. 2．What does the word “diminished” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Lowered. B．Raised. C．Cleared. D．Deepened. 3．What will the writer probably agree with? A．AI can’t help students to be more creative. B．Students shouldn’t use AI because it’s a form of “cheating”. C．Students should be taught to use AI wisely and responsibly. D．Using AI to find quick solutions is more important than focusing on process. 4．Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A．Why Does AI Raise Your Creativity? B．Does AI Harm Students' Creativity? C．Is It Important to Find the Potential of AI? D．How Can AI Create Original Work? 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要探讨了AI在教育中对学生创造力的双重影响，并提出了以负责任和有意识的方式使用AI，使其成为支持而非取代学生创造性思维的工具。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“One study examined...One of the key findings was that students who used AI produced more creative outputs compared to those who didn’t.”以及第四段“However, while AI improved the quality of creative work, it also diminished the value and enjoyment of the creative process itself.”可知，该研究主要讨论了AI对学生创造力产出的提升以及对创作过程本身价值的影响，因此它是关于AI对学生创造力的影响。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段“However, while AI improved the quality of creative work, it also diminished the value and enjoyment of the creative process itself.”可知，在AI提高作品质量的同时，它也“降低、减弱”了创作过程本身的价值和乐趣。且“diminished”与上文“improved”形成转折对比。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“For AI to be a part of education, it should be a thinking partner...Focus on the creative process...Students need to understand how AI works, its biases, and its limitations and ensure they engage with AI in a responsible and meaningful way.”以及最后一段“The key is responsible and intentional use.”可知，作者认为关键在于负责任、有意识地使用AI，应该教导学生如何明智且负责任地使用AI。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文，文章开头提出AI对创造力存在潜在阻碍和促进两种对立观点，接着通过研究具体分析其双面影响，最后重点论述如何负责任地使用AI以使其支持而非取代学生的创造性努力。全文核心是探讨AI对学生创造力的影响究竟是利是弊。故选B。 Passage 8 （25-26九年级上·北京东城·期末）We live in a culture that treats mistakes as both unavoidable and unacceptable. On one hand, we are told again and again that mistakes are our teachers. On the other hand, we carry the weight of each misstep as if it should never have happened. No matter how we view mistakes, the unspoken rule is that the goal remains the same: avoid mistakes at all costs. But what if the very thing we call a mistake isn’t one at all? You planned carefully, acted honestly, and made thoughtful choices. Yet the result looked different from what you imagined. It is natural to call it a mistake. But what if it was simply an outcome, neither right nor wrong, just reality moving in a direction you did not expect? For example, someone accepted a meaningful job. Later, the company restructured (重组) and the position disappeared. Did he make a wrong decision? If we call every difference from expectation a mistake, we lose the ability to accept uncertainty as part of the process. There is an important difference between negligence and uncertainty. Negligence, paying no attention to facts, missing warnings, or failing to act with care, can and should be called a mistake. But uncertainty, no matter how uncomfortable, is not. It’s simply the reality we live with. When we learn to separate true mistakes from unavoidable outcomes, we allow ourselves to walk more freely, act with courage, and experiment without carrying the weight of unnecessary regret. This does not mean you can take things lightly. We should plan carefully, consider possible outcomes, and act responsibly. But once we have done so, we must also accept that the results may not correspond to the picture we painted in our minds. Sometimes it is just life, moving us into places we did not expect but might need to be. I can think of moments in my own life when an opportunity (机会) I worked for with full effort did not materialize. At the time, it felt like a mistake. But looking back, those moments turned out to be turning points, redirecting my time and energy toward spaces I would never have explored otherwise. What felt like mistakes was in fact redirection. Only when we do not treat the absence of a hoped-for outcome as a mistake, can we start opening our minds to unexpected opportunities that appear when things don’t go as planned. And maybe the lesson is not just to learn from mistakes, but to learn which things were never mistakes in the first place. 1．Why does the writer use the example in Paragraph 2? A．To prove that mistakes are hard to avoid. B．To encourage careful thought before acting. C．To explain that uncertainty is normal in life. D．To stress the importance of making good decisions. 2．The words “correspond to” in Paragraph 4 probably mean “________”. A．depend on B．center on C．connect with D．agree with 3．Which of the following would the writer most probably support? A．Mistakes usually result from poor preparation. B．Acting carefully is the key to reducing uncertainty. C．Our view on unexpected outcomes shapes our growth. D．Avoiding mistakes matters more than exploring new experiences. 4．Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A．What Can We Learn From a Mistake? B．When Is a Mistake Really a Mistake? C．Why Are Mistakes Unacceptable? D．How Can We Avoid Mistakes? 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文探讨了“错误”的定义，区分了“疏忽导致的真正错误”与“生活中不可避免的不确定性结果”，指出不应将所有与预期不符的结果都归为错误；建议人们正确看待意外结果，学会接受生活的不确定性，如此才能更勇敢地行动，并拥抱意外带来的机遇。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，本段通过“接受工作后因公司重组失去职位”的例子，说明若将所有与预期不符的结果都称为错误，我们会失去接受不确定性的能力，即解释不确定性是生活中正常的一部分。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“But once we have done so, we must also accept that the results may not correspond to the picture we painted in our minds.”可知，一旦我们完成了这些操作，我们也必须承认，所得的结果可能与我们脑海中所描绘的景象并不完全一致，“correspond to”在此处意为 “与……一致”，与“agree with”含义相近。故选D。 3．细节理解题。文章核心观点是“区分真正的错误（疏忽）与不可避免的不确定性结果”，并指出看待意外结果的方式会影响我们的状态（如更自由、有勇气）。选项C“我们对意外结果的看法塑造了我们的成长”符合作者的主张。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。根据文章内容可知，文章围绕“何为真正的错误”展开，区分了“疏忽导致的错误”与“生活中不可避免的不确定性结果”，因此标题“When Is a Mistake Really a Mistake?”（什么时候所谓的错误才是真正的错误？）最契合主旨。故选B。 Passage 1 （25-26九年级上·北京石景山·期末）As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes more common in creative work, people are asking an important question: Is AI actually helping to improve human creativity, or might it be harming it? Recent studies show that the answer isn’t simple—AI helps in some ways but causes problems in others. To understand how AI ideas influence human creativity, researchers did an experiment involving over 800 people from 40 countries. In the experiment, people were asked to think of new uses for common objects like a piece of paper or a cup. Before coming up with their own ideas, they were shown some example ideas. Some people were shown with the examples all given by humans while others were exposed to some or all the examples provided by AI. The goal was to see how these different situations would influence the creativity and variety (多样化) of the ideas people produced. The experiment showed several interesting findings. First, viewing AI ideas did change what people created, but it didn’t make their ideas better—just different. Second, when the groups saw lots of AI examples, they came up with more kinds of ideas overall. This shows that AI can help the groups think of more diverse solutions when working together. Third, AI examples helped stop the groups from getting stuck (卡住) on the same ideas—instead, they continued to generate (生成) new and different ideas over time. Finally, self-confidence matters. People who saw themselves as very creative were less influenced by knowing whether an idea came from AI or human. Their belief in their own creativity seemed to protect them from being overly influenced by AI ideas. However, there was also a worrying finding. When creative tasks became difficult, people were more likely to copy AI ideas more often. This suggests we might become too dependent on AI for challenging creative work. So what do these mean to us? AI can be useful for helping groups generate more different kinds of ideas and avoid creativity blocks, but it doesn’t make each person more creative. This means we should have a balanced way—use AI as a helpful partner while still developing our own imagination and creative abilities. As AI continues to grow, learning to use it wisely will be an important skill for all of us. 1．What is true about the experiment according to Paragraph 2? A．Not all the example ideas in it were provided by AI. B．Common objects couldn’t be used to test creativity. C．800 people viewed AI’s ideas before the experiment. D．People needed to compare their own ideas with AI’s. 2．What does the word “diverse” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Creative. B．Different. C．Strange. D．Acceptable. 3．According to the passage, what is a good example of using AI wisely? A．Avoiding using AI in difficult situations. B．Letting AI decide once we meet problems. C．Believing in ourselves instead of trusting AI. D．Asking AI for ideas but finishing the task on our own. 4．Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A．The Harm of AI on Human Creativity B．AI’s Role in Performing Creative Tasks C．The Benefits of AI to Creative Thinking D．The Influence of AI on Human Creativity 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文主要探讨了人工智能对人类创造力的影响，通过实验分析了AI在创意工作中的利弊，并提出了明智使用AI的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Some people were shown with the examples all given by humans while others were exposed to some or all the examples provided by AI.”可知，实验中并非所有示例都是AI提供的，有些由人类提供。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段“when the groups saw lots of AI examples, they came up with more kinds of ideas overall.”可知，看到AI示例的小组想出了更多种类的想法，因此diverse意为“不同的，多样的”。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“use AI as a helpful partner while still developing our own imagination and creative abilities.”可知，明智使用AI的方式是将其作为辅助伙伴，同时培养自身创造力，即“向AI寻求想法但独立完成任务”。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。文章以“AI是否在提升或损害人类创造力”为核心，通过实验分析了AI对人类创造力的双向影响，因此最佳标题为“AI对人类创造力的影响”。故选D。 Passage 2 （2026·北京大兴·一模）The use of AI companions (伴侣) is growing quickly. Companies offer people AI friends, and many people now use chatbots as someone to talk to. This is not surprising. AI companions offer something that no human relationship can—intimacy (亲密关系) without risk. They never blame you for a bad day. They don’t get angry. And they don’t judge you. They listen patiently and seem to always understand you. This lack of friction (摩擦) is attractive, because real human relationships are hard. In real life, people often misunderstand each other. We may argue, or even hurt each other. These experiences are not pleasant, but they are unavoidable. That is why many people are attracted to AI — it seems to offer all the good parts of a relationship without the difficult ones. However, this “perfect” experience may not be good for us. According to the psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott, a parent who always meets their child’s every need perfectly doesn’t produce a thriving child; they produce a dependent one. Children do not grow well in a perfectly frictionless environment. It is small, manageable failures that actually help children learn patience and become stronger. Similarly, we also need imperfect relationships to grow. When we only choose easy and comfortable connections, we may stop developing important skills. For example, we may become less able to deal with stress, accept different opinions, or control our emotions. AI provides a “perfect” relationship with no arguments or discomfort, but it removes the friction that helps us improve. More importantly, new ideas and creativity often come from disagreement and challenge. When everything runs smoothly without any friction, people may not try to think deeper or do better. While AI can be asked to challenge us, that’s friction on demand (需要)—friction we can control and we can always stop when we feel uncomfortable. Real creative friction is different. It’s from a mind that sees things another way. We can’t control or stop it especially when an idea has its weakness exposed. It forces us to rethink. So what meaningful steps can we take to protect the friction? First, we can start by noticing when you turn to AI just for comfort. Also, instead of avoiding difficult conversations, learn to stay with them. Ask others for honest opinions and really listen. Finally, keep at least one relationship fully human. AI can simulate (模拟) friendship, but it cannot replace real human relationships. Though imperfect, real human relationships are where growth happens — through friction. To replace it with comfort would be a great loss. 1．How does the writer explain why many people are attracted to AI in Paragraph 2? A．By describing the pleasant experiences with AI. B．By comparing AI with real human relationships. C．By telling a story of using chatbots as friends. D．By introducing the popularity of AI companions. 2．The word “thriving” in Paragraph 3 most probably means ________. A．strictly following all rules B．always depending on others C．willing to try new things D．able to stand on one’s own feet 3．According to the passage, what is a good example of real creative friction? A．Ask AI for new ideas but stop when upset. B．Read articles that agree with you. C．Talk to a friend who finds your mistakes. D．Use chatbots to fix your ideas nicely. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To encourage people to develop real human relationships. B．To show the advantages of AI companions in daily life. C．To teach children how to become more independent. D．To advise people to use AI companions wisely. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文介绍人工智能伴侣的流行原因，分析其弊端，强调真实人际摩擦对成长与创造力的重要性。 1．第二段说明：“AI companions offer something that no human relationship can — intimacy without risk”，作者先阐述人工智能伴侣无争执、善倾听、无矛盾的特点，再对比现实人际关系易误会、易争吵、易彼此伤害的现状，通过两者对比解释人们被人工智能吸引的缘由。 2．第三段说明：“a parent who always meets their child’s every need perfectly doesn’t produce a thriving child; they produce a dependent one”，句中把“thriving child”和“dependent one”形成正反对比，dependent表示“依赖他人的”，可推知thriving有“独立自强、能够自立”的含义。 3．第五段介绍：“Real creative friction is different. It’s from a mind that sees things another way...It forces us to rethink”，真正具有创造性的思想碰撞来自视角不同、能指出自身不足并促使人反思的真实人际交流。 4．最后一段归纳主旨：“AI can simulate friendship, but it cannot replace real human relationships. Though imperfect, real human relationships are where growth happens — through friction”，作者全文论证人工智能伴侣无法替代真实人际关系，呼吁人们珍惜并用心经营真实的人际情感。 Passage 3 （2026·北京通州·一模）Fear of failure is one of the most common emotions that hold people back from running after their dreams, which prevents them from taking risks and trying new things. The fear of being seen as a failure often drives people to stay within their comfort zones. It is human nature to feel afraid of failure, but letting this fear control us can limit our growth greatly. When we understand and accept failure’s role in our journey, we can face challenges with a more positive attitude, and gain wisdom from our experiences. Viewing failure as a learning opportunity can lead to profound personal growth and development. Instead of feeling discouraged when things go wrong, we can choose to view setbacks as necessary steps toward success. This mindset shift is important for building resilience (韧性) —it empowers us to see difficulties as lessons to learn from, not barriers (阻碍) to stop us. Building resilience through failure is a key part of growing into a capable person. It actually offers valuable chances to reflect and improve. When we use failure as a catalyst (催化剂) for career growth, we learn to adapt to change, stick to our goals through hard times, and find new paths to what we want to achieve. This way of thinking gives us the strength and resolve to overcome life’s difficulties. Failure also helps improve our creativity and problem-solving skills. When we accept that failure is a natural part of learning, we open our minds to new ideas and possibilities. This encourages us to think outside the box, test new ways, and expand our abilities. Adapting to failure to get better results leads to innovation (创新) and growth, turning our mistakes into meaningful lessons. The journey of embracing (拥抱) failure is exemplified by real-life examples, both of individuals and companies. Successful individuals often say their achievements come directly from the lessons they learned from past mistakes. Similarly, innovative companies that have grown big usually have a history of conquering many setbacks. These examples prove that embracing failure can lead to amazing growth and success. To truly gain from failure, we need simple, actionable plans. First, create a safe space where it’s okay to take risks and make mistakes—this lets us try new things without fear. Second, take time to analyze (分析) what went wrong and figure out how to avoid similar mistakes later. Most importantly, choose a growth mindset: see setbacks as chances to learn, not as proof of our limits. In the end, embracing failure is important for both personal and career growth. With a positive attitude toward failure, we can overcome challenges, learn valuable lessons, and build a more successful and fulfilling life. 1．According to the passage, which is a good way to face failures? A．Avoiding taking any risks to prevent mistakes. B．Viewing failures as barriers when things go wrong. C．Analyzing what caused the failures to avoid repeating them. D．Staying in the comfort zones to stop moving forward. 2．What are Paragraphs 3-4 mainly talking about? A．New findings in building resilience. B．The rules for finding new paths to success. C．The best solutions to life’s problems. D．The role of failure in personal growth. 3．What does the word “conquering” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A．Getting through.B．Staying away from. C．Finding out. D．Giving up. 4．What does the writer want to tell us? A．People should avoid failures in order to achieve success. B．People should turn failures into growth opportunities. C．People should accept failures to take more risks. D．People should be in a safe place to avoid making mistakes. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了恐惧失败对人的阻碍，以及拥抱失败的重要意义，阐述了失败在个人成长、韧性培养、创造力提升等方面的作用，并给出了从失败中获益的具体方法，告诉人们应将失败转化为成长的机会。 1．文章第六段指出“Second, take time to analyze what went wrong and figure out how to avoid similar mistakes later.”，说明面对失败的一个好方法是分析失败的原因，避免再次犯类似的错误。 2．第三段主要讲了通过失败培养韧性是成长为有能力的人的关键部分，失败能提供反思和改进的机会，助力职业成长；第四段主要讲了失败有助于提高创造力和解决问题的能力，能让人开放思维、尝试新方法。两段均围绕“失败在个人成长中的作用”展开。 3．文章第五段提到“Successful individuals often say their achievements come directly from the lessons they learned from past mistakes. Similarly, innovative companies that have grown big usually have a history of conquering many setbacks.”，结合语境可知，成功的个人从过去的错误中学习，同样，发展壮大的创新公司通常也有克服许多挫折的历史。由此可推测“conquering”意为“克服、度过”。 4．文章开篇点明恐惧失败会阻碍人们追求梦想，随后阐述了将失败视为学习机会能促进个人成长、培养韧性、提升创造力，还给出了从失败中获益的方法，结尾总结拥抱失败对个人和职业成长都很重要。整体核心是告诉人们应该将失败转化为成长的机会。 Passage 4 （2026·北京门头沟·二模）Is lying ever morally (道德上) acceptable? Generally speaking, lying can be harmful to society because it can have a negative influence on trust. However, avoiding lying seems impossible because humans have the habit of self-deception (自欺), and society also needs to keep a certain persona. Before making a judgement, let us examine this complex (复杂的) issue more closely. Defining a lie is surprisingly challenging. While dishonesty is wrong, must all lies be considered wrong? Thinkers like Kant argued that a society that supports lies will lose its sense of unity (整体). They view honesty as a complete duty that cannot be broken. However, history suggests that lying is sometimes a suitable choice to keep necessary social unity. Think about “white lies”. In some situations, a kind lie seems better than a painful truth. For example, telling a lie might prevent a friend from worrying unnecessarily or losing confidence. While strict moralists find it hard to support this, many people argue that the results matter. If a lie protects someone’s feelings without causing real harm, perhaps it is the right choice. Furthermore, dramatic situations challenge the ban (禁令) on lying. Sometimes, a small lie can avoid serious results without causing any loss. Consider the situation in which someone is outraged, out of control, and asks you where she can find a relative of yours so that she can harm that relative. You know where the relative is and lying will help her calm down: should you tell the truth? Here, the lie plays a greater role. If you think carefully, there are many situations where lying might be the right choice. And in real life, people often accept lies told in such situations. People can also fall into self-deception. We comfort ourselves with the thought that our excuses are reasonable, even though they aren’t. Besides, our culture includes masking ourselves. For example, makeup and wonderful clothes can cover our true selves, and these are socially accepted ways to change our appearance. In fact, some activities like cosplay just celebrate this kind of human nature by showing different sides of ourselves. In conclusion, although lying generally harms the foundation of trust, the moral issue is not black and white. We should spare no effort to stay true to ourselves and be honest in our daily lives. However, in some situations, if a “white lie” is the only way to avoid serious harm or save a life, then such a lie may be acceptable. Real wisdom lies in knowing the difference. 1．What can be inferred about Kant’s view on lying? A．Lying is sometimes necessary to keep social unity. B．The key to keeping society together is to avoid white lies. C．The loss of social unity is caused by the lack of self-deception. D．Social unity depends on strictly following the basic duty of honesty. 2．What does the underlined word “outraged” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．Quite angry. B．Slightly worried. C．Deeply confused. D．Totally indifferent. 3．Why does the writer mention makeup, wonderful clothes and cosplay in Paragraph 5? A．To explain that people are encouraged to hide their true selves. B．To prove that self-cheating only happens when people make excuses. C．To show that hiding reality by appearance is a culturally accepted lie. D．To stress that our society should refuse the act of masking our inner selves. 4．Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A．Avoid the Spread of Lies B．Take a Wise Point to Lying C．Explore the Harm of Lying D．Prove the Benefits of White Lies 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章主要围绕“说谎在道德上是否可接受”这一复杂问题展开讨论。文中分析了不同类型的说谎情况，如善意的谎言、在极端情况下说谎的合理性，还提到人类自欺的本性以及文化中掩饰自我的现象。 1．根据第二段中“Thinkers like Kant argued that a society that supports lies will lose its sense of unity (整体). They view honesty as a complete duty that cannot be broken.”可知，Kant认为支持说谎的社会将会失去整体感，他将诚实视为不可违背的完全义务。由此可推断出，社会的团结依赖于严格遵循诚实这一基本义务。 2．找到需猜测词义的单词在文中的位置，定位至第四段中“Consider the situation in which someone is outraged, ...”，根据单词所在句中的“out of control, and asks you where she can find a relative of yours so that she can harm that relative”可知，此处指的是这个人处于失控状态，并且想要找到你的一个亲戚去伤害他。结合上下文，画线单词的意思是“愤怒的”。 3．根据第五段中“People can also fall into self-deception...For example, makeup and wonderful clothes can cover our true selves, and these are socially accepted ways to change our appearance.”可知，人们也会陷入自欺，利用化妆品、漂亮衣服等能隐藏真实的自我，这些是社会所接受的改变外貌的方式。由此可推断出，作者提到这些是为了表明通过外表隐藏现实是一种文化上被接受的谎言。 4．文章整体在探讨说谎的道德性，强调要认识到说谎并非绝对错误，在特定情况下善意的谎言是可接受的，也就是要以一种明智的观点来看待说谎。B选项“Take a Wise Point to Lying”意为“对撒谎采取明智的态度”，准确概括了文章主旨。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（议论文） Passage 1 （2026·北京房山·一模）When you travel, do you map out every site ahead of time and stick to the plan, making sure you don’t miss anything? Or do you only make simple preparations and then do whatever you feel like during the trip? The difference being considered is that between planning and spontaneity (随性). Some may argue strongly that a well-structured plan is the safer, more trustworthy way. Others hold that spontaneity, with its openness to surprise, is the truer way to experience life. The answer, I suppose, is that neither is always better. It depends on the situation, and more importantly, on what we hope to get out of it. When launching a spacecraft into space, careful planning is beyond question, for a mistake could lead to disaster. But when playing football with children in the backyard, a strict game plan would feel out of place, for spontaneity allows the joy of the moment to take over. The same activity can call for different ways depending on its purpose. Both planning and spontaneity come with their own risks. Over-planning may cause us to focus so much on covering every detail (细节) that we forget to enjoy the experience itself. This can happen when we take too many pictures of famous sites, only to realize later that we never truly enjoy them. On the other hand, a willingness to “wing it” can sometimes turn small mistakes into costly ones. For example, an unplanned hike without enough water may turn a pleasant afternoon into a difficult one. Thus, neither way is always better. What matters is knowing the risks of each and choosing the one that fits the situation. Yet planning and spontaneity need not be opposites. Even in highly structured settings, there is room for the unplanned. A symphony orchestra (交响乐团) performs from written music, yet a conductor may make small changes to the way the music is played based on the feel of the moment. Jazz musicians, famous for their improvisation (即兴创作), still begin with a basic structure. In both cases, planning provides the base, while spontaneity brings it to life. So, which is better? The question itself may be too simple. What matters is not choosing one over the other, but understanding when each is called for, and how they can work together. Recognizing this allows us to make wiser decisions, but only when we are willing to look closely at our own choices and take responsibility for what we see. 1．Why does the writer mention two different examples in Paragraph 3? A．To stress that careful planning is necessary. B．To prove that spontaneity works better in daily life. C．To explain that the situation decides whether to plan or be spontaneous. D．To show that planning is more difficult than being spontaneous. 2．What do the words “wing it” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．Do things carelessly. B．Act without preparation. C．Go against rules. D．Take unnecessary risks. 3．Which of the following shows a balance between planning and spontaneity? A．Sticking to a strict timetable. B．Following a cookbook step by step. C．Making a to-do list but keeping the order flexible. D．Going out right after seeing the nice weather. 4．Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A．Planning and Spontaneity: Hidden Risks B．Planning and Spontaneity: Both Have a Place C．Planning over Spontaneity: The Key to Success D．Spontaneity before Planning: The Path to Happiness Passage 2 （2026·北京石景山·一模）It was dark outside, a late afternoon in the winter of 1981. As I did each week during my last year of graduate school, I was sitting with my thesis (论文) director, the poet James Dickey. I remember that particular meeting because of one ill-chosen word. In a poem that was otherwise finished, a single adjective was clearly wrong. We batted alternatives back and forth across the desk, but none was right. Hours later, while I was washing the cups at ten o’clock, the right word surfaced: pale. Without pausing to weigh the hour, I called my professor and said, “The word is ‘pale’.” Mr. Dickey was overjoyed about that word, every bit as delighted as I was. If only for a moment, the world made a kind of sense it hadn’t made before. I had not thought about that phone call, much less that poem, in many years, but I’ve begun to think about it often. Nowadays, “AI assistants” have suddenly colonized (征服) my documents. They appear out of nowhere, like fruit flies around an overripe banana. In this brave new world, the search for a word like “pale” has been outsourced to a robot that will never suggest such a word. The yoking of unlikely adjective and noun is still, for now, the province of unwetted poets. I have spent hours trying to kill these ghosts in my machine. In some cases, I can’t turn it off at all. The writing teachers I know struggle to persuade their students not to use these tools. They are everywhere now. Who could blame a young writer for wondering how using these “assistants” is any different from using spell check or letting AI supply the next word in a text? Besides, if they don’t use these tools, won’t they be falling behind the many students who do? Who was it who first said, “I don’t know what I think until I see what I write”? Versions of this statement have been attributed (具有……特质) to writers as various as Joan Didion, William Faulkner, and Stephen. In I, Robot, the 2004 film loosely inspired by Isaac Asimov’s classic sci-fi novel, one robot has feelings. It learns to solve problems with human creativity. And with those attributes come the questions raised by being human. Twenty-six minutes into the film, the robot asks, plaintively, “What am I?” This is a question writers ask every day. 1．The author suggests the AI tools are ______. A．intended to substitute for teachers’ judgment B．ideal for choosing rare and unlikely adjectives C．suitable for drafting poems with impactful imagery D．helpful for routine messages yet limited for discovery 2．What does the word “yoking” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Explaining. B．Comparing. C．Joining. D．Describing. 3．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．I, Human B．A Word, A World C．I, Robot D．A Student, A Professor Passage 3 （2026·北京海淀·一模）“Just be yourself” is among the most common pieces of advice we hear. We often think that what feels easy and comfortable must be our authentic (真实的) selves. When we try something new, we may feel like we are not being our true selves. For example, you stay quiet in discussions because you’ve accepted that you’re “not the forward-thinking type”. In this case, the so-called authenticity is actually the unchanging belief in your default patterns (默认模式), even if those patterns are keeping you stuck. Then, what does true authenticity mean? True authenticity is not just about staying stuck in your usual patterns, but about acting in line with what you care about most. You don’t lose yourself when you practice new ways of thinking and behaving. Instead, you become more attuned to what your goals require. And according to the latest Personality Science, it is believed that we can change our features purposefully to better match a life we value. Changing personality features actually means stepping out of your comfort zone (区域) and pushing you to grow beyond your limits, like bravely voicing your ideas in discussions. When you start to do so, you may feel untrue and uncomfortable, thinking that “This just isn’t me” or “I don’t want to be someone I’m not”. However, such discomfort doesn’t mean that you’re inauthentic, but it is a natural feeling when you step outside of your comfort zone. So, is it possible to stay authentic while actively trying to change? Of course. At first sight, accepting your true self and making a change may appear to be opposites. But they are not. Accepting yourself means getting clear about how you typically think, feel, and behave, while also understanding why those patterns may have developed. Change, on the other hand, is not about turning against yourself. Instead, it’s about reflecting (反思) on whether your present habits and patterns fit the life you truly want to live. Your story could be like this: It makes sense I’m guarded around others because I’ve been hurt before, but that could be another story: Even though being guarded has protected me, it is also keeping me from developing the close relationships I want, so I have to be more active in socializing. Remember: to be authentic is not to stay frozen in your old patterns. It’s to grow into the version of yourself that matters most. Be brave to push beyond your limits! 1．What does the underlined phrase “attuned to” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Matched with. B．Dependent on. C．Interested in. D．Separate from. 2．According to the writer, which behavior best shows “true authenticity”? A．Play basketball with support from parents. B．Refuse to lead a group for fear of mistakes. C．Stay quiet around strangers due to shyness. D．Share good ideas even when feeling nervous. 3．Which idea would the writer most probably agree with? A．Natural changes follow self-understanding. B．Growth comes from breaking through limits. C．Reflection on oneself leads to self-acceptance. D．New ways of thinking matters more than behaving. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To list views on leaving the comfort zone. B．To explain the importance of true authenticity. C．To encourage positive changes out of old patterns. D．To share personal experiences of self-improvement. Passage 4 （25-26九年级下·北京西城·月考）On social media, have you seen book fans share pictures of cool books and nice reading spaces? In real life, have you seen people reading at coffee shops or on public transport? Before you start to wonder whether they are really reading the books, there is already a term for this: “performative reading”. People have joked that these individuals (个人) are making books “a symbol of hotness” or something to be worn with “a good outfit”, said The Week. This attitude goes back to 2021, when a hashtag (标签) community on TikTok called “BookTok” grew into a place where popular books became trendy (潮流的) items. Algorithms (算法) on social media push the trend further, as they mostly reward what looks good, like eye-catching covers and coffee cups in a city cafe, noted NBC News. “Performative reading” also made some people who really love reading feel uncomfortable. Alaina Demopoulos, a daily features writer for the Guardian, shared her story that when she tried to read alone in a crowd to enjoy a lovely evening, two young girls laughed at her, making her feel stressed. On social media, readers spoke out that “there’s no such thing as ‘performative reading’.” Some young people even argue that the so-called “performance” doesn’t take away from the real joy of reading. Selwa Khan, a university graduate who enjoys sharing her reads on social media, feels it’s common to “aestheticize our hobbies”. “I think social media makes everybody perform, whether they accept it or not,” she told NBC News. “I’ve seen for years posts on...all these platforms of titles that are ‘performative’, which always happen to be titles that I really enjoy,” Khan added. Today, as many of us depend heavily on short videos, making it hard to read even a whole book, does it really matter if someone “appears” to be reading? Jafei Pollitt, a regular reader who jokingly responded to this idea online, said that even pretending to read can encourage someone to start reading. It’s a little bit of “fake it until you make it.” You can start off wanting to read for the aesthetics, but eventually you might involve yourself in the book…she told NBC News. 1．According to the passage, what is “performative reading” mainly about? A．Reading books aloud as a performance. B．Reading books carefully in public places. C．Sharing reading notes on social media platforms. D．Treating reading as fashion or a way to be noticed. 2．What does the word “aestheticize” in paragraph 5 most probably mean? A．Make something easier to understand. B．Make something more popular online. C．Make something look beautiful or pleasing. D．Make something more expensive and uncommon. 3．What possible benefit does “performative reading” have, according to Jafei Pollitt? A．It greatly improves reading speed. B．It makes reading appear cool online. C．It may encourage people to choose better books. D．It may turn fake reading into a real love of reading. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing the passage? A．To introduce a new trend of reading. B．To advise people to avoid “performative reading”. C．To compare different reading platforms for readers. D．To explore different opinions on the “performative reading”. Passage 5 （25-26九年级下·北京·月考）Do we use technology, or does it use us? Do our gadgets (设备) improve our lives or just make us weak and lazy? These are old questions, maybe older than you think. Back in 370 BC, Socrates warned that writing could hurt memory. After all, if we write things down, do we still need to remember them? We’ve always greeted new technologies with a mixture of fascination and fear. In 1931, John Bakeless wrote that it was time to ask, “How far is the use of machines something calling for vigorous resistance; and how far is it a good thing, to which we may willingly give in?” The technology that alarmed him might seem, to us, laughably low-tech: printing machines. “It is a curious fact,” he wrote, “we have overlooked the machine’s deep influence on the human mind.” He was particularly worried about how technology was used by the media to control what people thought and talked about. For the first time, he believed, a world-wide public opinion was becoming possible. About 50 years later, as telephone answering machines became common, some people worried that machines, while useful, were encouraging self-centered thoughts and actions, resulting in social isolation (隔绝). In 2017, musician and thinker David Byrne said that social media allowed us to stay “connected” without meeting face-to-face. But he also stressed it would increase divisions by strengthening echo effects — people only hear ideas they already believe. Just last year, Will Douglas warned that AI tools would destroy children’s critical thinking skills. But maybe it’s time we pause and ask: do our fears about new technologies come to pass? Most of the time, no. Throughout history, we’ve shifted between “Wow, this is amazing!” and “It’s scary — this is going to change us in some negative way.” And then, something interesting happens — we get used to it and life goes on. Maybe the problem isn’t technology at all; maybe it’s us. Technology doesn’t make us weak, lazy or foolish. It’s our fear of it that holds us back. The printing press, the telephone, and the Internet all seemed scary at first. Now, they’re just part of everyday life. If we are to ever create the ideal human society — one with enough time for art, music and science — it was unlikely we’d get it done without technology. We just need to make sure that technology serves us instead of the other way around. Just as Bakeless wrote back in 1931, “We must put the machine in its place.” 1．The underlined words “vigorous resistance” in Paragraph 2 are closest in meaning to ________. A．active attention B．strong opposition C．careful planning D．rapid spread 2．What was Bakeless’s opinion on the printing machines? A．They would cause a world-wide discussion. B．They were important tools for the news industry. C．They might help the media control people’s minds. D．They encouraged self-centered thoughts and actions. 3．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．Socrates was right in warning about the effect of writing. B．Social media is sure to influence people in negative ways. C．AI tools have improved children’s critical thinking ability. D．Worries about new technologies are actually unnecessary. 4．What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To argue that technology is harmful to humans by nature. B．To remind people not to fear technology but to use it wisely. C．To teach us to create an ideal society with modern machines. D．To show the role of technology in the development of society. Passage 6 （25-26九年级上·北京顺义·期末）A popular saying goes, “Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” However, that’s not really true. Words carry a weight far beyond physical effect—they have the power to build us up into confidence, or tear us down into self-doubting shadows. Whether these words come from a stranger’s casual comment , a loved one’s thoughtless remark , or our own self- talk , their effects are just as lasting. We all talk to ourselves sometimes, though many of us hide this habit out of embarrassment. In reality, this internal dialogue is a natural and even healthy part of human cognition—experts increasingly recognize that vocal self- talk improves focus, memory, and problem-solving. Be aware, though, that as much as 77% of self-talk tends to be negative. We scold ourselves for small mistakes, or dismiss (忽视) our achievements. This negative self-talk gradually destroys self-respect slowly but surely. So in order to stay positive, we must consciously practice positive self-affirmation. Celebrate the small wins—finishing a work task, acing a quiz, or even just getting out of bed on a hard day—with a sincere “Good job’” Equally important is the effect of the words we speak to others. Too often, we let words slip out without considering their weight: a critical comment that destroys, or a thoughtless remark that dismisses someone’s feelings. Yet language is a tool of connection or division. A warm “Thank you for your help” can brighten a stranger’s day and strengthen a relationship. Conversely, harsh (刻薄的) words leave scars that may never fully heal. For example, when returning an item to a store, we might use warm, friendly language during the exchange. And the clerk will probably answer in a similar manner. Our words are catching— kindness brings out kindness, while negativity fuels conflict. The lasting power of words is why we often regret things we’ve said in anger or hurry, and why unkind words spoken to us in childhood can still keep coming to our mind as adults. Before speaking, we should pause and ask three simple questions: Is it true? Is it kind? Is it necessary? If the answer to any of these is “no”, the words are better left unsaid. Words have enormous power: both positive and negative. Those around us receive encouragement when we speak positively. We can offer hope, build self-respect and motivate others to do their best. Negative words destroy all those things. Will we use our words to hurt or to heal? The choice is ours. 1．What is Paragraph 1 mainly talking about? A．Words have a lasting effect on us. B．Positive words can give us confidence. C．A popular saying about words is not true. D．Words’ effects are more lasting than physical ones. 2．What is the word “self-affirmation” in Paragraph 2 closest in meaning to? A．The act of exploring one’s own talent. B．The act of improving one’s own habits. C．The act of recognizing one’s own worth. D．The act of learning one’s own weaknesses. 3．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To compare self- talk and words to others. B．To explain why negative words are common. C．To encourage readers to use words in a positive way. D．To describe how self-talk affects people’s confidence. 4．Which of the following would be the best title of the passage? A．The Power of Words B．The Reach of Words C．The Spread of Words D．The Warmth of Words Passage 7 （25-26九年级上·北京通州·期末）As AI becomes more popular in education, some argue that AI expands (扩大) creative potential (潜力), while others fear it prevents originality (独创性). One of the biggest concerns about AI in education is that it can discourage deep thinking. Since AI generates (产生) content based on existing (现存的) data, students who over-rely on (依赖) it may produce work that has no originality. Over time, relying too heavily on AI could weaken critical thinking skills and may even make students lose confidence in their own creative abilities. On the other hand, AI can be a powerful tool for expanding creative potential. One of AI’s greatest strengths is its ability to generate new ideas. When students face creative blocks, AI can provide prompts (提示) or suggest new ideas that they might not have considered. One study examined 225 university students who were assigned a creative writing task. Half used AI for assistance (帮助), while the other half worked without AI. One of the key findings was that students who used AI produced more creative outputs compared to those who didn’t. AI helped students explore new ideas, refine their writing, and experiment with new structures or concepts. They also found that it reduced the difficulty and effort required for creative tasks. Having AI assist them made the process smoother and easier. However, while AI improved the quality of creative work, it also diminished the value and enjoyment of the creative process itself. Many students reported feeling less engaged (专注的) or emotionally connected to their work when AI was heavily involved (参与的). Moreover, some students felt uneasy about relying on AI for creative tasks, questioning whether AI-generated assistance was a form of “cheating” or if it was weakening their personal effort. For AI to be a part of education, it should be a thinking partner, not just a tool for quick solutions. Teachers can encourage students to engage in a back-and-forth dialogue with AI, for example, by refining ideas and challenging responses, rather than simply copying AI-generated content. Focus on the creative process, not the final product. Creativity isn’t just about the end result-it’s about the personal journey of exploration, struggle, and discovery. Teachers could require students to take down their brainstorming process, showing how they used AI and how it influenced their work. Students need to understand how AI works, its biases, and its limitations and ensure they engage with AI in a responsible and meaningful way. AI has the potential to both hinder (阻碍) and raise creativity, depending on how it is used. The key is responsible and intentional use. AI should support students, not replace their creative efforts. By teaching students how to use AI as a tool, we can ensure that AI empowers the next generation of creative thinkers instead of limiting their potential. 1．What is the study mainly about? A．Reasons for students to use AI. B．AI’s working process for helping creativity. C．AI’s influence on students’ creativity. D．Difficulties students face when using AI. 2．What does the word “diminished” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Lowered. B．Raised. C．Cleared. D．Deepened. 3．What will the writer probably agree with? A．AI can’t help students to be more creative. B．Students shouldn’t use AI because it’s a form of “cheating”. C．Students should be taught to use AI wisely and responsibly. D．Using AI to find quick solutions is more important than focusing on process. 4．Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A．Why Does AI Raise Your Creativity? B．Does AI Harm Students' Creativity? C．Is It Important to Find the Potential of AI? D．How Can AI Create Original Work? Passage 8 （25-26九年级上·北京东城·期末）We live in a culture that treats mistakes as both unavoidable and unacceptable. On one hand, we are told again and again that mistakes are our teachers. On the other hand, we carry the weight of each misstep as if it should never have happened. No matter how we view mistakes, the unspoken rule is that the goal remains the same: avoid mistakes at all costs. But what if the very thing we call a mistake isn’t one at all? You planned carefully, acted honestly, and made thoughtful choices. Yet the result looked different from what you imagined. It is natural to call it a mistake. But what if it was simply an outcome, neither right nor wrong, just reality moving in a direction you did not expect? For example, someone accepted a meaningful job. Later, the company restructured (重组) and the position disappeared. Did he make a wrong decision? If we call every difference from expectation a mistake, we lose the ability to accept uncertainty as part of the process. There is an important difference between negligence and uncertainty. Negligence, paying no attention to facts, missing warnings, or failing to act with care, can and should be called a mistake. But uncertainty, no matter how uncomfortable, is not. It’s simply the reality we live with. When we learn to separate true mistakes from unavoidable outcomes, we allow ourselves to walk more freely, act with courage, and experiment without carrying the weight of unnecessary regret. This does not mean you can take things lightly. We should plan carefully, consider possible outcomes, and act responsibly. But once we have done so, we must also accept that the results may not correspond to the picture we painted in our minds. Sometimes it is just life, moving us into places we did not expect but might need to be. I can think of moments in my own life when an opportunity (机会) I worked for with full effort did not materialize. At the time, it felt like a mistake. But looking back, those moments turned out to be turning points, redirecting my time and energy toward spaces I would never have explored otherwise. What felt like mistakes was in fact redirection. Only when we do not treat the absence of a hoped-for outcome as a mistake, can we start opening our minds to unexpected opportunities that appear when things don’t go as planned. And maybe the lesson is not just to learn from mistakes, but to learn which things were never mistakes in the first place. 1．Why does the writer use the example in Paragraph 2? A．To prove that mistakes are hard to avoid. B．To encourage careful thought before acting. C．To explain that uncertainty is normal in life. D．To stress the importance of making good decisions. 2．The words “correspond to” in Paragraph 4 probably mean “________”. A．depend on B．center on C．connect with D．agree with 3．Which of the following would the writer most probably support? A．Mistakes usually result from poor preparation. B．Acting carefully is the key to reducing uncertainty. C．Our view on unexpected outcomes shapes our growth. D．Avoiding mistakes matters more than exploring new experiences. 4．Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A．What Can We Learn From a Mistake? B．When Is a Mistake Really a Mistake? C．Why Are Mistakes Unacceptable? D．How Can We Avoid Mistakes? Passage 1 （25-26九年级上·北京石景山·期末）As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes more common in creative work, people are asking an important question: Is AI actually helping to improve human creativity, or might it be harming it? Recent studies show that the answer isn’t simple—AI helps in some ways but causes problems in others. To understand how AI ideas influence human creativity, researchers did an experiment involving over 800 people from 40 countries. In the experiment, people were asked to think of new uses for common objects like a piece of paper or a cup. Before coming up with their own ideas, they were shown some example ideas. Some people were shown with the examples all given by humans while others were exposed to some or all the examples provided by AI. The goal was to see how these different situations would influence the creativity and variety (多样化) of the ideas people produced. The experiment showed several interesting findings. First, viewing AI ideas did change what people created, but it didn’t make their ideas better—just different. Second, when the groups saw lots of AI examples, they came up with more kinds of ideas overall. This shows that AI can help the groups think of more diverse solutions when working together. Third, AI examples helped stop the groups from getting stuck (卡住) on the same ideas—instead, they continued to generate (生成) new and different ideas over time. Finally, self-confidence matters. People who saw themselves as very creative were less influenced by knowing whether an idea came from AI or human. Their belief in their own creativity seemed to protect them from being overly influenced by AI ideas. However, there was also a worrying finding. When creative tasks became difficult, people were more likely to copy AI ideas more often. This suggests we might become too dependent on AI for challenging creative work. So what do these mean to us? AI can be useful for helping groups generate more different kinds of ideas and avoid creativity blocks, but it doesn’t make each person more creative. This means we should have a balanced way—use AI as a helpful partner while still developing our own imagination and creative abilities. As AI continues to grow, learning to use it wisely will be an important skill for all of us. 1．What is true about the experiment according to Paragraph 2? A．Not all the example ideas in it were provided by AI. B．Common objects couldn’t be used to test creativity. C．800 people viewed AI’s ideas before the experiment. D．People needed to compare their own ideas with AI’s. 2．What does the word “diverse” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Creative. B．Different. C．Strange. D．Acceptable. 3．According to the passage, what is a good example of using AI wisely? A．Avoiding using AI in difficult situations. B．Letting AI decide once we meet problems. C．Believing in ourselves instead of trusting AI. D．Asking AI for ideas but finishing the task on our own. 4．Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A．The Harm of AI on Human Creativity B．AI’s Role in Performing Creative Tasks C．The Benefits of AI to Creative Thinking D．The Influence of AI on Human Creativity Passage 2 （2026·北京大兴·一模）The use of AI companions (伴侣) is growing quickly. Companies offer people AI friends, and many people now use chatbots as someone to talk to. This is not surprising. AI companions offer something that no human relationship can—intimacy (亲密关系) without risk. They never blame you for a bad day. They don’t get angry. And they don’t judge you. They listen patiently and seem to always understand you. This lack of friction (摩擦) is attractive, because real human relationships are hard. In real life, people often misunderstand each other. We may argue, or even hurt each other. These experiences are not pleasant, but they are unavoidable. That is why many people are attracted to AI — it seems to offer all the good parts of a relationship without the difficult ones. However, this “perfect” experience may not be good for us. According to the psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott, a parent who always meets their child’s every need perfectly doesn’t produce a thriving child; they produce a dependent one. Children do not grow well in a perfectly frictionless environment. It is small, manageable failures that actually help children learn patience and become stronger. Similarly, we also need imperfect relationships to grow. When we only choose easy and comfortable connections, we may stop developing important skills. For example, we may become less able to deal with stress, accept different opinions, or control our emotions. AI provides a “perfect” relationship with no arguments or discomfort, but it removes the friction that helps us improve. More importantly, new ideas and creativity often come from disagreement and challenge. When everything runs smoothly without any friction, people may not try to think deeper or do better. While AI can be asked to challenge us, that’s friction on demand (需要)—friction we can control and we can always stop when we feel uncomfortable. Real creative friction is different. It’s from a mind that sees things another way. We can’t control or stop it especially when an idea has its weakness exposed. It forces us to rethink. So what meaningful steps can we take to protect the friction? First, we can start by noticing when you turn to AI just for comfort. Also, instead of avoiding difficult conversations, learn to stay with them. Ask others for honest opinions and really listen. Finally, keep at least one relationship fully human. AI can simulate (模拟) friendship, but it cannot replace real human relationships. Though imperfect, real human relationships are where growth happens — through friction. To replace it with comfort would be a great loss. 1．How does the writer explain why many people are attracted to AI in Paragraph 2? A．By describing the pleasant experiences with AI. B．By comparing AI with real human relationships. C．By telling a story of using chatbots as friends. D．By introducing the popularity of AI companions. 2．The word “thriving” in Paragraph 3 most probably means ________. A．strictly following all rules B．always depending on others C．willing to try new things D．able to stand on one’s own feet 3．According to the passage, what is a good example of real creative friction? A．Ask AI for new ideas but stop when upset. B．Read articles that agree with you. C．Talk to a friend who finds your mistakes. D．Use chatbots to fix your ideas nicely. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To encourage people to develop real human relationships. B．To show the advantages of AI companions in daily life. C．To teach children how to become more independent. D．To advise people to use AI companions wisely. Passage 3 （2026·北京通州·一模）Fear of failure is one of the most common emotions that hold people back from running after their dreams, which prevents them from taking risks and trying new things. The fear of being seen as a failure often drives people to stay within their comfort zones. It is human nature to feel afraid of failure, but letting this fear control us can limit our growth greatly. When we understand and accept failure’s role in our journey, we can face challenges with a more positive attitude, and gain wisdom from our experiences. Viewing failure as a learning opportunity can lead to profound personal growth and development. Instead of feeling discouraged when things go wrong, we can choose to view setbacks as necessary steps toward success. This mindset shift is important for building resilience (韧性) —it empowers us to see difficulties as lessons to learn from, not barriers (阻碍) to stop us. Building resilience through failure is a key part of growing into a capable person. It actually offers valuable chances to reflect and improve. When we use failure as a catalyst (催化剂) for career growth, we learn to adapt to change, stick to our goals through hard times, and find new paths to what we want to achieve. This way of thinking gives us the strength and resolve to overcome life’s difficulties. Failure also helps improve our creativity and problem-solving skills. When we accept that failure is a natural part of learning, we open our minds to new ideas and possibilities. This encourages us to think outside the box, test new ways, and expand our abilities. Adapting to failure to get better results leads to innovation (创新) and growth, turning our mistakes into meaningful lessons. The journey of embracing (拥抱) failure is exemplified by real-life examples, both of individuals and companies. Successful individuals often say their achievements come directly from the lessons they learned from past mistakes. Similarly, innovative companies that have grown big usually have a history of conquering many setbacks. These examples prove that embracing failure can lead to amazing growth and success. To truly gain from failure, we need simple, actionable plans. First, create a safe space where it’s okay to take risks and make mistakes—this lets us try new things without fear. Second, take time to analyze (分析) what went wrong and figure out how to avoid similar mistakes later. Most importantly, choose a growth mindset: see setbacks as chances to learn, not as proof of our limits. In the end, embracing failure is important for both personal and career growth. With a positive attitude toward failure, we can overcome challenges, learn valuable lessons, and build a more successful and fulfilling life. 1．According to the passage, which is a good way to face failures? A．Avoiding taking any risks to prevent mistakes. B．Viewing failures as barriers when things go wrong. C．Analyzing what caused the failures to avoid repeating them. D．Staying in the comfort zones to stop moving forward. 2．What are Paragraphs 3-4 mainly talking about? A．New findings in building resilience. B．The rules for finding new paths to success. C．The best solutions to life’s problems. D．The role of failure in personal growth. 3．What does the word “conquering” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A．Getting through.B．Staying away from. C．Finding out. D．Giving up. 4．What does the writer want to tell us? A．People should avoid failures in order to achieve success. B．People should turn failures into growth opportunities. C．People should accept failures to take more risks. D．People should be in a safe place to avoid making mistakes. Passage 4 （2026·北京门头沟·二模）Is lying ever morally (道德上) acceptable? Generally speaking, lying can be harmful to society because it can have a negative influence on trust. However, avoiding lying seems impossible because humans have the habit of self-deception (自欺), and society also needs to keep a certain persona. Before making a judgement, let us examine this complex (复杂的) issue more closely. Defining a lie is surprisingly challenging. While dishonesty is wrong, must all lies be considered wrong? Thinkers like Kant argued that a society that supports lies will lose its sense of unity (整体). They view honesty as a complete duty that cannot be broken. However, history suggests that lying is sometimes a suitable choice to keep necessary social unity. Think about “white lies”. In some situations, a kind lie seems better than a painful truth. For example, telling a lie might prevent a friend from worrying unnecessarily or losing confidence. While strict moralists find it hard to support this, many people argue that the results matter. If a lie protects someone’s feelings without causing real harm, perhaps it is the right choice. Furthermore, dramatic situations challenge the ban (禁令) on lying. Sometimes, a small lie can avoid serious results without causing any loss. Consider the situation in which someone is outraged, out of control, and asks you where she can find a relative of yours so that she can harm that relative. You know where the relative is and lying will help her calm down: should you tell the truth? Here, the lie plays a greater role. If you think carefully, there are many situations where lying might be the right choice. And in real life, people often accept lies told in such situations. People can also fall into self-deception. We comfort ourselves with the thought that our excuses are reasonable, even though they aren’t. Besides, our culture includes masking ourselves. For example, makeup and wonderful clothes can cover our true selves, and these are socially accepted ways to change our appearance. In fact, some activities like cosplay just celebrate this kind of human nature by showing different sides of ourselves. In conclusion, although lying generally harms the foundation of trust, the moral issue is not black and white. We should spare no effort to stay true to ourselves and be honest in our daily lives. However, in some situations, if a “white lie” is the only way to avoid serious harm or save a life, then such a lie may be acceptable. Real wisdom lies in knowing the difference. 1．What can be inferred about Kant’s view on lying? A．Lying is sometimes necessary to keep social unity. B．The key to keeping society together is to avoid white lies. C．The loss of social unity is caused by the lack of self-deception. D．Social unity depends on strictly following the basic duty of honesty. 2．What does the underlined word “outraged” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．Quite angry. B．Slightly worried. C．Deeply confused. D．Totally indifferent. 3．Why does the writer mention makeup, wonderful clothes and cosplay in Paragraph 5? A．To explain that people are encouraged to hide their true selves. B．To prove that self-cheating only happens when people make excuses. C．To show that hiding reality by appearance is a culturally accepted lie. D．To stress that our society should refuse the act of masking our inner selves. 4．Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A．Avoid the Spread of Lies B．Take a Wise Point to Lying C．Explore the Harm of Lying D．Prove the Benefits of White Lies / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（议论文） Passage 1：1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B Passage 2：1.D 2.C 3.A Passage 3：1.A 2.D 3.B 4.C Passage 4：1.D 2.C 3.D 4.D Passage 5：1.B 2.C 3.D 4.B Passage 6：1.A 2.C 3.C 4.A Passage 7：1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B Passage 8：1.C 2.D 3.C 4.B Passage 9：1.A 2.B 3.D 4.D Passage 10：1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A Passage 11：1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B Passage 12：1.D 2.A 3.C 4.B / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $