Unit 6一般现在时和现在进行时语法讲义和分层习题 2025-2026学年人教版七年级英语下册

一般现在时 & 现在进行时 语法讲义+分层专项练习 一、一般现在时（Simple Present Tense） 1. 核心定义 表示经常性、习惯性的动作/状态；客观真理、事实；个人喜好、能力。 时间标志词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, every day/week/year, on weekends, once a week 等。 2. 基本结构 肯定句： ① 主语（I/You/We/They/复数名词）+ 动词原形 ② 主语（He/She/It/单数名词）+ 动词第三人称单数（三单） 否定句：主语 + don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形 一般疑问句：Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+do/does. 否定回答：No, 主语+don’t/doesn’t. 3. 动词三单变化规则（必考） 1. 一般情况：直接加 -s → work→works, read→reads 2. 以 s/x/ch/sh/o 结尾：加 -es → watch→watches, go→goes, do→does 3. 以辅音字母+y 结尾：变 y 为 i 加 -es → study→studies, fly→flies 4. 特殊变化：have→has 4. 高频考点 1. 客观真理永远用一般现在时（不受时态影响） 例：The earth goes around the sun. 2. 表示喜好、能力（like, love, hate, know, understand, want 等静态动词，不用进行时） 二、现在进行时（Present Continuous Tense） 1. 核心定义 表示此时此刻、现阶段正在进行的动作；临时的动作。 时间标志词：now, right now, at the moment, look!, listen! 等。 2. 基本结构 肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + 动词现在分词（doing） 否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + doing 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + doing？ 3. 现在分词变化规则（必考） 1. 一般情况：直接加 -ing → read→reading, work→working 2. 以不发音 e 结尾：去 e 加 -ing → write→writing, take→taking 3. 重读闭音节（辅+元+辅）：双写尾字母加 -ing 例：run→running, swim→swimming, sit→sitting, stop→stopping 4. 特殊：lie→lying, die→dying 4. 高频考点 1. 静态动词无进行时：表示情感、喜好、认知、拥有的动词（like, love, hate, know, want, have(拥有), belong 等），永远不用进行时。 2. 现在进行时可表现阶段正在做，但说话时不一定在做 例：I am learning English this term. 三、两大时态核心区别（解题关键） 对比维度： 一般现在时 现在进行时 动作性质： 习惯性、经常性、永久性 临时性、正在进行、现阶段 动词类型： 可搭配所有动词（含静态动词） 不搭配静态动词 时间关键词 ：every, often, usually, always now, look, listen, at the moment 例句 He plays basketball every day.（习惯） He is playing basketball now.（正在做） 四、解题避坑指南 1. 看到 look/listen/now 优先选现在进行时；看到 every/usually/often 优先选一般现在时。 2. 三单判断只看主语，和时间无关，单数主语必须用动词三单。 3. like/have/know/want 这类词绝对不能加ing，永远用一般现在时。 4. 否定句/疑问句中，前面已用 do/does 或 is/am/are，后面动词必须用原形。  第二部分：分层专项练习题（含答案） 基础层（夯实规则，零基础必做，10题） 一、用所给动词的正确形式填空 1. My mother often ______ (cook) dinner at 6:00 p.m. 2. Look! The birds ______ (sing) in the tree. 3. We ______ (not go) to school on Sundays. 4. She ______ (watch) TV every evening. 5. Listen! Who ______ (cry) in the next room? 6. I ______ (like) reading books, but I ______ (not read) now. 7. The earth ______ (be) round. 8. They ______ (play) football now. 9. He ______ (have) a new bike. 10. ______ your father ______ (work) in a hospital?   提升层（易混辨析，中档水平，15题） 一、单选（时态辨析） 1. My sister ______ books every morning. She ______ a book now. A. reads; reads B. reads; is reading C. is reading; reads 2. —What ______ you ______? —I ______ my homework. A. do; do; do B. are; doing; do C. are; doing; am doing 3. He ______ to school by bike, but today he ______ a bus. A. goes; takes B. goes; is taking C. is going; takes 4. Look! The boys ______ basketball on the playground. A. play B. are playing C. plays 5. She ______ English very well. A. speak B. speaks C. is speaking 二、用正确时态填空 6. My father ______ (watch) TV every night. He ______ (watch) TV now. 7. They usually ______ (get) up at 7:00, but they ______ (get) up late today. 8. —Where is Tom? —He ______ (swim) in the pool. 9. We ______ (not have) classes on Saturdays. 10. The baby ______ (sleep) now. Please be quiet. 11. He often ______ (help) his mom with housework. 12. Don’t talk! The students ______ (have) an English class. 13. ______ they often ______ (play) basketball after school? 14. I ______ (not like) coffee. 15. My brother ______ (draw) a picture at the moment.  培优层（中考难度，易错拔高，10题） 一、单选（易错陷阱+静态动词考点） 1. —What’s your brother doing? —He ______ a model plane. He ______ model planes every weekend. A. makes; makes B. is making; makes C. is making; is making 2. I ______ this book very much. It’s interesting. A. am liking B. like C. likes 3. My grandma ______ for a walk after dinner every day, but she ______ TV now. A. goes; watches B. goes; is watching C. is going; watches 4. The water ______ cold. Don’t drink it. A. feels B. is feeling C. feel 5. —Is your father at home? —Yes, he ______ a newspaper. A. reads B. is reading C. read 二、句型转换/填空（综合运用） 6. She does her homework every day.（改为否定句） She ______ ______ her homework every day. 7. They are cleaning the classroom now.（改为一般疑问句） ______ they ______ the classroom now? 8. My sister often ______ (dance) on weekends, but now she ______ (sing). 9. Look! The little girl ______ (dance) beautifully. 10. He ______ (not know) the answer to the question.   参考答案 基础层答案 1. cooks 2. are singing 3. don’t go 4. watches 5. is crying 2. like; am not reading 7. is 8. are playing 9. has 10. Does; work 提升层答案 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. B 2. watches; is watching 7. get; are getting 8. is swimming 9. don’t have 10. is sleeping 3. helps 12. are having 13. Do; play 14. don’t like 15. is drawing 培优层答案 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. B 2. doesn’t do 7. Are; cleaning 8. dances; is singing 9. is dancing 10. doesn’t know 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $