Unit8 safe and sound 词汇课件 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

Vocabularies Unit 8 safe and sound. 1 Unit 8 1. sound n. 声音；响声 We heard a strange sound outside the window. 我们听到窗外有奇怪的声音。 linking v.（系动词） 听起来；发出声音；（使）发声 sound like 听起来像 sound good/great 听起来不错 / 很棒 Your idea sounds like a good one. 你的主意听起来很不错。 adj. 健康的；合理的；可靠的 sound sleep 酣睡 sound advice 合理的建议 sound vs voice vs noise sound：泛指一切能听到的声音，中性词，范围最广。 voice：特指人的嗓音、说话声或歌声。She has a beautiful voice. noise：指令人烦躁的噪音、喧闹声。Don't make so much noise in the library. 当 sound 作连系动词（v.）时，后面接形容词作表语，不能接副词。 🌰 正确：That sounds great. 🌰 错误：That sounds greatly. →speaker n. 扬声器,喇叭;发言者,演讲者 2. safe and sound 安然无恙的；平安无事的（强调身体没有受伤、状态完好） arrive safe and sound 平安抵达 After the heavy rain, all the villagers returned home return safe and sound 平安归来 safe and sound. 暴雨过后，所有村民都安然无恙 bring sb. safe and sound 把某人平安送回 地回到了家。 safe and sound： 强调双重安全，既安全又健康，无损伤，语气更强烈，多用于经历风险、困难后平安的场景。 safe： 泛指 “安全的”，侧重没有危险，使用范围更广。 It's safe to stay at home at night. 3. emergency n. [c] 突发事件；紧急情况；危机→alert n. 警报；警戒状态 in case of emergency 万一发生紧急情况 →crisis n. 危机、难关 Keep calm in an emergency. 遇到紧急情况要保持冷静。 Please call 120 in case of a medical emergency.如有医疗紧急情况，请拨打 120 emergency exit/ˈeksɪt/ 紧急出口 指突然发生的、需要立刻处理的意外紧急状况，侧重突发性和即时应对性。 4. situation n. [c] 情况；形势；处境；局面 current situation 现状 improve the situation 改善局面 in a situation 处于某种境地 We need to think of a way to get out of this difficult situation. 我们需要想办法摆脱这个困境。 The current situation in the company is not very good. 公司目前的形势不太乐观。 5. lightning n. [u] 闪电；雷电 thunder and lightning 雷电 a flash of lightning 一道闪电 lightning strike 雷击 We saw a flash of lightning in the dark sky. 我们在漆黑的天空中看到了一道闪电。 →thunderstorm n. 雷雨，雷暴 lightening 是 lighten v.（使）变亮,（使）减轻的动名词形式 The sky is lightening after the rain. 雨后天空正在放亮 6. office n. [c] 办公室 office worker 办公室职员 post office 邮局 My father works in an office downtown. 我爸爸在市中心的一间办公室工作。 →official adj. 官方的；正式的；n. 官员 →officer n. [c] 军官；军官；警官；公务员 7. homeless adj. 无家可归的；露宿街头的 help the homeless 帮助无家可归的人 a homeless child 一名流浪儿童 Many volunteers go to the street to help the homeless in winter. 冬天许多志愿者上街帮助无家可归的人。 The government has built a lot of shelters for homeless families. 政府为无家可归的家庭建造了许多收容所。 翻到教辅P103知识点1例1 8. coach n.[c] 教练;长途客车;车厢 →couch n.[c] 长沙发 v. 训练；指导；辅导=train football coach 足球教练 a coach trip 长途客车旅行 train coach 火车车厢 coach sb. for sth. 为某事辅导某人 coach a team 训练一支队伍 →tutor n.[c] 指私人家庭教师，侧重一对一学业辅导 9. road n. [c] 路；道路；公路；途径 on the road 在旅途中；在路上 take the road 上路 main road 主干道；country road 乡村小路 road： 泛指供车辆或行人通行的宽阔道路 street： 特指城市或城镇中两旁有建筑物的街道 path： 指供人行走的小径、小路 国道 省道 乡道 10. accident n. [c] 意外事故 →accidental adj. 意外的，偶然的⇎deliberate adj. 故意的 traffic accident 交通事故 →accidentally adv. 意外地，偶然地； 意外失误地 by accident 偶然；意外地=by chance⇎on purpose故意地 She didn't break the cup by accident; she did it on purpose. car accident 车祸 have an accident 遭遇意外 He was late for school because of a traffic accident. 因为一场交通事故，他上学迟到了。 I met my old friend in the supermarket by accident. 我在超市偶然遇见了我的老朋友。 11. typhoon n. [c] 台风 The typhoon will land on the coast tomorrow morning. 台风将于明天早上在沿海地区登陆。 We must stay indoors when a typhoon is coming. 台风来临时，我们必须待在室内。 →hurricane n. [c] 飓风 12. state n. 状态,状况;国家;州（美国等国家的行政区） The building is in a bad state after the earthquake. 地震后这座建筑状况糟糕。 v. 陈述；说明；声明 state one's opinion 表明观点；state the facts 陈述事实 He stated that he would not attend the meeting. 他声明不会参加这次会议。 →statement n. 声明；陈述 The company issued a statement about the accident. state 某物/某人本身状况怎么样; situation 当前外部环境/境遇怎么样 13. fireman n. 消防员 pl: firemen 同类构词: policeman; postman 邮递员 →fire fighting truck 消防车 →ambulance n. 救护车 The firemen arrived quickly and put out the big fire. 消防员迅速赶到，扑灭了大火。 14. traffic n. 交通；车流；人流 heavy traffic 交通拥堵；light traffic 交通畅通 traffic jam 交通堵塞 You must obey the traffic rules when crossing the street. 过马路时必须遵守交通规则。 15. terrible adj. 可怕的,糟糕的,严重的,极坏的=awful a terrible accident 严重的事故 a terrible mistake 严重的错误 terrible weather 糟糕的天气 feel terrible 感觉很不舒服 terribly adv.非常;很;糟糕地 I'm terribly sorry for being late. 我为迟到感到非常抱歉。 16. slight adj. 轻微的；微小的；纤细的；瘦小的 slight pain 轻微的疼痛 slight difference 微小的差异 slight build 纤细的身材 →slightly adv. 轻微地；稍微 17. shake v. 摇动,摇晃;颤抖;握手 n. 摇动,抖动;摇晃;一杯奶昔 shake hands 握手 shake one's head 摇头 shake with fear 吓得发抖 shake off 摆脱；抖掉 a shake of the head 摇摇头 a milk shake 一杯奶昔；give sth. a shake 把某物摇一摇 The little girl shook with cold in the wind. 小女孩在风中冻得发抖。 People usually shake hands when they meet for the first time.人们第一次见面时通常会握手。 I'd like a strawberry shake for dessert. 我想要一杯草莓奶昔当甜点。 tremble： 多指因恐惧、焦虑、激动等情绪引发的轻微颤抖，幅度较小。 Her voice trembled when she spoke in public. shiver： 特指因寒冷、恐惧引发的身体发抖，常伴随哆嗦的动作。 He shivered when he heard the scary story. 冰沙（不含奶） 奶昔（冰淇淋） 18. thunder n. 雷声；轰隆声 thunder and lightning 雷电 19. bomb [c]n. 炸弹；核武器；手榴弹 The soldiers found a hidden bomb in the building. 士兵们在大楼里发现了一枚隐藏的炸弹。 →comb →tomb 教辅p53 20. shout v. 呼喊；喊叫；大声说 n. 呼喊声；喊叫声 shout at sb. 对某人大声叫嚷（含责备、愤怒意味）；shout to sb. 向某人呼喊（为了让对方听见）；shout out 大声喊出；shout for help 呼救 a shout of joy 欢呼声；a shout of anger 怒吼声 The teacher shouted at the students for being noisy. 老师因为学生们吵闹而对他们大声训斥。 He shouted to his friend across the street. 他隔着马路朝朋友大喊。 We heard a loud shout from the next room. 我们听到隔壁房间传来一声大叫。 21. fear n. 害怕；恐惧；担忧 v. 害怕；畏惧；担心 in fear 恐惧地 for fear of 生怕；以免 fear to do sth. 害怕做某事 fear that... 担心…… never fear 别担心 She has a great fear of snakes. 她非常害怕蛇。 He ran away in fear when he saw the dog. 他看到那条狗就吓得跑开了。 Don't fear; I will stay with you. 别害怕，我会陪着你。 She fears that she may fail the exam. 她担心自己可能考试不及格。 →fearless adj. 无畏的；勇敢的 He is a fearless soldier. 他是一名无畏的战士。 afraid :只能作表语，不能作定语，语气较轻 be afraid of/to do/that... frightened :是形容词 The frightened child cried loudly. 那个受惊的孩子大声哭了起来。 22. direction n.[c] 方向,方位;指导,说明=instruction in the direction of 朝…… 方向 give directions 指路；给出指导 follow the directions 按照说明做 in all directions 四面八方 She walked away in the direction of the park. 她朝着公园的方向走开了。 Read the directions carefully before you take the medicine. 吃药前请仔细阅读说明书。 →direct v. 指挥,指导 →director n. 导演;负责人 adj. 直接的 23. brick n. [c] 砖；砖块；积木 The old house is made of red bricks. 这座老房子是用红砖建成的。 →brisk adj. 轻快的；敏捷的；凉爽宜人的；生意兴隆的 brisk wind 凉爽的风 24. silent adj. adj. 沉默的,无声的,寂静的,不说话的 keep silent 保持沉默 She remained silent when the teacher asked her a question. 老师提问时，她保持沉默。 →silence n. 沉默,寂静 His sudden silence made everyone nervous. 25. if conj. 如果,假如;是否 教辅p106 if necessary 如果有必要 You can call me if necessary and I will give you a hand. if so 如果是这样 Is this the right way to home? If so, we won’t be late . if not 如果不 You should go to bed early, if not, you will feel sleepy in class tomorrow. as if 好像；似乎 He looked very tired as if he hadn’t slept well for days. 表条件 If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。 if 引导的条件状语从句-主将从现-即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。 表是否 I don't know if she will come to the party. 我不知道她是否会来参加派对。 表让步 We will finish the work on time, if it's very hard. 即使工作很艰巨，我们也会按时完成。 26. nervous adj. 紧张的,焦虑的,神经质的,神经系统的=stressed feel nervous 感到紧张 be nervous about sth. 对某事感到焦虑 My little brother is nervous about the coming exam. 我弟弟对即将到来的考试感到焦虑。 27. beat v. 击打；拍打；打败；战胜；（心脏等）跳动 n. 击打（声）；节拍；跳动 beat against 拍打；beat the drum 打鼓；heart beat 心跳；the beat of rain 雨声 The rain was beating against the window heavily. 雨点正猛烈地拍打窗户。 Our team beat theirs by three points in the basketball game. 我们队在篮球赛中以三分优势战胜了他们队。 We can dance to the beat of this song. 我们可以跟着这首歌的节拍跳舞。 28. say to oneself 自言自语；心里暗想 She said to herself, "I can do better next time." 她心里暗想：“下次我能做得更好。” 29. calm adj. 镇静的；沉着的；平静的；无风的 v. 使平静；使镇静；平静下来 keep calm 保持镇静 calm (sb.) down (使某人)平静下来 Take a deep breath to calm yourself down. 深呼吸，让自己冷静下来。 →calmly adv. 平静地；镇定地 He answered the difficult question calmly. 30. since conj. 自从；既然；因为 教辅p106 表时间 He has lived in this city since he graduated from college. 他大学毕业后就一直住在这座城市。 表原因 Since you are free, why not go shopping with me? 既然你有空，为什么不和我一起去购物呢？ since then 从那以后 31. weak adj. 虚弱的,无力的;弱的;(意志)薄弱的;不牢固的=fragile adj. 侧重物体易碎,人敏感脆弱 He is weak in math, so he needs more practice. 他数学不好，需要多加练习。 32. voice n. [c] 嗓音；声音 教辅p105 have a sweet voice 嗓音甜美 raise one's voice 提高嗓门 Her voice is very suitable for singing folk songs. 她的嗓音很适合唱民歌。 33. except prep. 除…之外;不包括 教辅p105 except： 强调排除在外,指从整体中去掉一部 分，后接的内容与整体是同类 We all passed the exam except Lily. except for： 强调修正整体，后接的内容与整体不是同类 指整体情况很好，只有一点小瑕疵 指对某种基本情况进行具体的细节方面的修正 The article is good except for some spelling mistakes. 34. smoke n.[u] 烟雾(多为固体小颗粒,常和燃烧相关) v. 冒烟;吸烟 no smoking 禁止吸烟 fog : 指雾，是贴近地面的浓厚水汽 mist :薄雾 35. burn v. 燃烧,烧毁,烧伤;晒伤,发热 过去式 burned/burnt burn down 烧毁 burn sth. to the ground. 烧成了平地 The fire burned the old house to the ground. 大火把那座老房子烧成了平地。 She burned her fingers while cooking dinner. 她做饭的时候烫伤了手指。 36. put out 扑灭（火） The firefighters worked hard to put out the big fire in the factory. 消防员奋力扑灭了工厂里的大火。 hold off = put off 推迟 37. heavily adv. 沉重地；猛烈地；大量地；严重地 rain/snow heavily 下大雨 / 大雪 smoke heavily 烟抽得很厉害 suffer heavily 损失惨重 sleep heavily 睡得很沉 heavily vs hard 二者作副词时，都可表示 “猛烈地”，但用法有区别： heavily： 侧重形容 “雨、雪、烟雾” 等自然现象的强度 The snow is falling heavily outside. hard： 侧重形容 “风、打击” 等动作的力度，也可表示 “努力地” The wind is blowing hard today. He works hard to support his family. 38. guess v. 猜测；推测；估计；猜对 n. 猜测；猜想；估计 guess a riddle 猜谜语 make a guess 猜一猜；作出猜测 by guess 凭猜测 guess what 你猜怎么着（用于引出有趣的事） I guessed the right answer in the math quiz by luck. 我靠运气在数学小测中猜对了答案。 39. hat n. [c] 帽子 wear a hat 戴帽子 take off one's hat 摘下帽子 hat： 指有帽檐、帽顶较高的帽子，款式多样，如礼帽、渔夫帽、遮阳帽等，男女通用。 cap： 指无帽檐或只有短帽檐、带帽舌的帽子，如棒球帽、鸭舌帽、军帽等，通常更偏向休闲风格。 40. clear adj. 清晰的；晴朗的；畅通的；明白的 v. 清除；清理；使清晰；澄清；通过 clear sky 晴朗的天空；clear voice 清晰的嗓音 clear explanation 清楚的解释 clear up 清理；澄清（误会）get rid of 清除；摆脱；丢弃 41. policeman n. [c] 警察=cop [口语] pl: policemen call a policeman 报警；叫警察 policeman officer 警官（正式称谓） 42. ache n. [u] & v. 疼痛 现在分词：aching She has a bad headache and can't go to school today. 她头痛得厉害，今天不能去上学了。 My legs ache after running 10 kilometers. 跑完 10 公里后，我的腿很疼。 ache： 多指身体局部的、持续性的隐痛，常和具体身体部位搭配构成复合词。 →n. toothache 牙痛 stomachache 胃痛 backache 背痛 bellyache 肚子痛 pain： 含义更广泛，可指各种程度的疼痛，包括剧痛、阵痛， 也可用于比喻义 “精神上的痛苦” The pain in her knee made her cry. He felt great pain after failing the exam. 43. postman n. [c] 邮递员；邮差 pl: postmen The postman brings letters and parcels to our house every morning. 邮递员每天早上都会把信件和包裹送到我们家。 44. airport n. [c] 机场；航空港 at the airport 在机场 My parents will pick me up at the airport when I come back from Beijing. 我从北京回来时，父母会去机场接我。 go to the airport 去机场 leave the airport 离开机场 →flight n. [c] 航班；飞行；航程 →port n. [c] 港口，避风港；口岸 45. passport n. [c] 护照 apply for a passport 申请护照 check one's passport 检查护照 You must show your passport when you go through customs. 通关时你必须出示护照。 46. bush fire 山林大火 bush n. [c] 灌木,灌木丛 They found themselves trapped by the bush fire. 他们发现自己被丛林大火困住了。 47. report n. [c]；v. 报告；汇报；报道 report sth. to sb. 向某人报告某事 report on sth. 报道某事 write a report 写报告 The journalist reported on the environmental problem. The students reported the missing dog to the teacher. 学生们向老师报告了走失的小狗。 We need to read a weather report before going camping. 露营前我们需要看一份天气预报。 →reporter n. 记者；通讯员=journalist 48. so far 到目前为止；迄今为止=up to now So far, so good. （口语常用）到目前为止，一切顺利。 So far, no one has found the missing key. 到目前为止，没有人找到那把丢失的钥匙。 49. including prep. 包括；包含 included（形容词）：仅用于句末，结构为 “整体 + , + 部分 + included”。 例：All the students went to the park, Li Ming included. 所有学生都去了公园，李明也在内。 50. sign n. 标志；标牌；迹象；手势 v. 签名；签署；示意；打手势 a traffic sign 交通标志 /a warning sign 警告标志 /a direction sign 指示牌 sign one’s name 签名 /sign a letter 签署信件 /sign an agreement 签订协议 make a sign 做手势 →signature n. 签名；署名 include 动词，“包括；包含”。指整体中包含某些/个部分 including 是include的动名词形式,但通常独立用作介词,意为“包括…在内”，常和前面的内容用逗号隔开。整体 + , including + 部分 There are all kinds of animals in the zoo, including bears, lions and so on.动物园里有许多种动物，包括熊、狮子等。 The whole family will tour some big cities, includingBeijing and Shanghai. 51. avoid v. 避免；回避；躲避 avoid sth. We should avoid mistakes. 我们应该避免错误。 avoid doing sth. She avoided meeting him at the party. 她在聚会上避免和他碰面。 →escape v. 从危险、困境中逃脱，常与 from 连用。 The bird escaped from the cage. 小鸟从笼子里逃了出来。 You should avoid eating too much junk food. 你应该避免吃太多垃圾食品。 He tried to avoid the difficult question in class. 他试图在课堂上回避那个难题。 →avoidable adj. 可避免的 / unavoidable adj. 不可避免的 52. wound n. 伤口；创伤（身体上的伤口，或精神上的创伤） a deep wound 深伤口 /a bullet wound 枪伤 /mental wound 精神创伤 The doctor cleaned the wound carefully. 医生仔细地清洗了伤口。 →wounded adj. 受伤的；受损害的 the wounded 伤员 → bandage n. 创可贴 would modal v. 愿意 would like to do sth. 想要做某事（= want to do sth.，更委婉） 53. bleed v. 流血；出血 过去式：bled 不及物动词：表示 “流血、出血”，后面不接宾语。 bleed to death 流血致死 /bleed heavily 大量出血 His nose began to bleed after the accident. 事故后他的鼻子开始流血。 bleed from sth. 从…… 流血 She was bleeding from a cut on her hand. stop the bleeding 止血 We need to stop the bleeding at once. blood n. 血液（bleed 的名词形式） →There is some blood on his shirt. 他的衬衫上有一些血。 54. press v.① 按；压；挤 ② 逼迫；强迫 ③ 催促 n.① 新闻界；媒体 ② 出版社；通讯社 press the button 按按钮 press sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事 the local press 当地媒体 a publishing press 出版社 Please press this button to start the machine. 请按这个按钮启动机器。 She was pressed to make a decision quickly. 她被迫快速做出决定。 The story was reported in the national press. 这个故事被全国性媒体报道了。 55. tidal wave n. [c] 浪;风潮;海啸=tsunami /tsuːˈnɑːmi/ a tidal wave caused by earthquake 地震引发的海啸 a tidal wave of anger 愤怒的浪潮 The coastal town was destroyed by a powerful tidal wave. 这座沿海小镇被一场强烈的海啸摧毁了。 A tidal wave of support flooded in for the charity event. 一股支持的热潮涌向了这场慈善活动。 tidal wave vs tsunami tidal wave 原指因潮汐引起的大浪，口语中常用来指代海啸； 也可用于比喻抽象的浪潮。 tsunami 是专业术语，特指由海底地震、火山喷发等地质活动引发的海啸，更具科学性，无比喻义。 →tide n. 潮汐；潮流 →tidal adj.① 潮汐的；潮水的② 与潮汐有关的 solar lunar 56. warn v. 警告；告诫；提醒 warn sb. about/of sth. 提醒某人注意某事 warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人（不要）做某事 warn sb. against doing sth. 告诫某人不要做某事 The teacher warned us about the exam next week. My parents warned me not to go out alone at night. He warned her against trusting strangers easily. →warning n. 警告；警示；告诫 a warning sign 警告标志 a warning message 警告信息 give a warning 发出警告 without warning 毫无预兆地 →remind v. 提醒 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人去做某事 57. disappear v. 消失；不见；不复存在 disappear from sight 从视线中消失 disappear without a trace 消失得无影无踪 disappear into the crowd 消失在人群中 The sun disappeared behind the clouds. 太阳消失在了云层后面。 The little boy disappeared around the corner. 小男孩在拐角处不见了。 Many species have disappeared from the Earth. 许多物种已经从地球上灭绝了。 前缀：dis-（表示 否定、相反） 词根：appear v. 出现；显现 →disappearance n. 消失；失踪 disappear vs vanish vs fade disappear：最通用，指从视线中消失，可用于具体或抽象事物。 vanish：强调突然、彻底地消失，带有神秘感。 fade：侧重逐渐变淡、变弱直至消失，多用于声音、颜色、影像等。 The rabbit disappeared in the bushes. 兔子消失在灌木丛里。 The magician made the rabbit vanish. 魔术师让兔子瞬间消失了。 The sound of the bell faded away. 铃声渐渐远去。 $