精品解析：山西太原市杏花岭区实验中学2025-2026学年第二学期高一年级期中考试试题

山西省实验中学 2025-2026学年第二学期高一年级期中考试试题 英语 总分：150 分 命题人：高一英语组 第一部分听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. Where are the speakers? A. In a bank. B. In a restaurant. C. In a cinema. 2. What is the woman going to do for the man? A. Buy a coat. B. Pick him up. C. Book a table. 3. How did the man’s wife go to work in the past? A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By car. 4. What will the man do on Saturday? A. Visit his uncle. B. Watch a show. C. Care for the dolphins. 5. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Skip dinner. B. Avoid snack foods. C. Get enough exercise. 第二节 (共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面 5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题 5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6段材料，回答第 6、7题。 6. What does Mr. Smith dislike? A. The garden. B. The living room. C. The swing. 7. What will the speakers do next? A. Visit other houses. B. Play with the children. C. Grow some vegetables. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Where would the man like to work? A. In a bank. B. In a store. C. In a hospital. 9. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Boss and worker. B. Teacher and student. C. Brother and sister. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. When does the conversation take place? A. After an exam. B. During a party. C. Late in the afternoon. 11. Who owns a clothing shop? A. The man. B. The man’s uncle. C. The woman. 12. What does the woman suggest doing at the party? A. Dressing up as characters. B. Organizing competitions. C. Playing games. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. When can readers go to the public library on Monday? A. At 9 a. m. B. At 2:30 p. m. C. At 5:30 p. m. 14. Where are the professional books? A. On the first floor. B. On the second floor. C. On the third floor. 15. What can readers do on the third floor? A. Attend lectures. B. Have coffee. C. Use computers. 16. How long can readers keep a book for free? A. For a month. B. For five weeks. C. For six weeks. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Which building has a gym? A. Blake Residence. B. Brown Hall. C. Queen’s Building. 18. Why is Blake Residence peaceful? A. Only girls live there. B. No visitors can come in. C. Everyone has a private room. 19. What is the advantage of Queen’s Building? A. It has shower rooms. B. It has a computer room. C. It has its own private garden. 20. Why is the Parkway Flats expensive? A. Parking there is charged. B. There are the largest rooms. C. The fees include the cost of meals. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Things to do in Cabo Corrientes, Jalisco, MexIco！ ◆ Rhythms of the Night-Sunset Cruise(乘船游览) Duration: 5 hrs Kick off the evening with a scenic cruise across Banderas Bay to Las Caletas. Las Caletas, once home to a Hollywood movie director John Huston, offers front-row sunset seats, and dinner tables just steps away from the water. The buffet-style menu offers a wide variety of choices. Watch the lively performance of ancient ceremonies and be lost in historical stories about Jalisco. You must be able to climb and go down stairs. ◆ Sayulita Escape Duration: 3 hrs Hop on a powerful UTV(utility task vehicle) to explore Sayulita, a nice beach town not far from Vallarta. Ride over muddy roads and a riverbed to reach the small community famous for its relaxing atmosphere. Soon after hitting the main road, your guide turns onto one of the dusty forest paths. When you are ready, a picnic lunch, an open bar, and a knowledgeable crew await your return to the ship. Wheelchair accessibility is available. ◆ Las Caletas Beach Hideaway Duration: 7 hrs The use of kayaks(独木舟)and stand-up paddleboards is all available, as well as a scenic nature walk and admission to Kids Adventure Park for the young ones. You can even swim out to an offshore platform to practice your diving skills. Wheelchair accessibility is not available. ◆Street Food and Taco Tour in Puerto vallarta Duration: 6hrs 30mins Enjoy a feast of local flavors in our food and tacos-tasting tour. Discover Puerto Vallarta's best flavors to the locals'eye. Learn about the local culture and life, while you eat where the locals do with their beloved ones. Wheelchair accessibility is not avaliable. 1. What can tourists do on the tour Rhythms of the Night-Sunset Cruise? A. Enjoy free dinners. B. Come across the movie director John Huston. C. Learn about the history of Jalisco. D. Watch the scenic sunrise. 2. How does the tour Sayulita Escape differ from the other ones? A. It includes a licensed guide. B. It is more friendly to the disabled. C. It offers various water event. D. It has adventurous routes. 3. Which tour suits families with kids? A. Las Caletas Beach Hideaway. B. Sayulita Escape. C. Rhythms of the Night-Sunset Cruise. D. Street Food and Taco Tour in Puerto Vallarta. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了墨西哥一座城市的几个旅游项目。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一部分倒数第二句“Watch the lively performance of ancient ceremonies and be lost in historical stories about Jalisco.”可知，在这段乘船旅程中，人们可以欣赏到有关Jalisco的历史故事，也就是能了解到其历史。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二部分最后一句“Wheelchair accessibility is available.”可知，这一旅程中是可以使用轮椅的，而其他项目中都明确说明了不能使用轮椅（第一部分指出要上下楼梯也不行）。故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三部分“The use of kayaks(独木舟)and stand-up paddleboards is all available, as well as a scenic nature walk and admission to Kids Adventure Park for the young ones.”可知，该项目也给孩子提供相应的游玩地点，比较适合父母带孩子一起参加。故选A项。 B Born in London in 1825, Thomas Henry Huxley was one of the greatest men of the nineteenth century. In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard H. M.S. Rattlesnake. The ship had been asked to survey areas of the Great Barrier Reef and the neighboring seas. This gave Thomas Henry Huxley an opportunity to study animal life and was the start of his biological career. The voyage lasted four years, during which time he gathered much information on plankton (浮游生物). On his return from the voyage, Thomas Henry Huxley was made a member of the Royal Society in recognition of his scientific work. Although he continued to publish papers about plankton, his interest was turning towards vertebrate (有脊椎的) animals. For some time Thomas Henry Huxley and his workmates had been discussing the possibility that animal species had evolved (进化), one from another. No satisfactory theories had been put forward, but in 1859 Darwin’s Origin of Species appeared. Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided “the working hypothesis (假说) we sought”. For the rest of his life Thomas Henry Huxley struggled to ensure the full recognition of Darwin's work. In 1863 Thomas Henry Huxley published Man’s Place in Nature in which he compared man and great apes (猿). He clearly showed similarities. Despite his many achievements, he was given no award by the British state until late in his life. From about 1870, Thomas Henry Huxley was too involved in other things to continue actual research. He had always been interested in education. He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting “type animals” is still followed today. He spent the last ten years of his life writing essays mainly on biology. 4. Why did Huxley go on the voyage? A. To explore the deep sea. B. To do research on sea animals. C. To work as a doctor on the ship. D. To gather information for his paper. 5. How did Huxley react to the theory of natural selection? A. He had doubt about it. B. He thought highly of it. C. He couldn’t understand it. D. He thought he developed it first. 6. What do we know about Huxley's book Man’s Place in Nature? A. It discusses the importance of human beings. B. It focuses on Darwin’s theory of natural selection. C. It talks about the differences between man and apes. D. It provides evidence about the evolution of man from apes. 7. What can we learn about Huxley from the last paragraph? A. He contributed a lot to biology teaching. B. He continued his research till his death. C. He became a good novelist late in his life. D. He never got awards for his achievements. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇人物介绍类阅读。文章主要介绍了Thomas Henry Huxley的生平事迹和成就。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard H. M.S. Rattlesnake.（1846年，Thomas Henry Huxley被任命为H. M.S. Rattlesnake号上的助理医生。）由此可知，Huxley航海是因为他在船上当医生，故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided “the working hypothesis (假说) we sought”.（Thomas Henry Huxley立刻意识到它的重要性，以及自然选择理论如何提供了“我们所寻求的工作假设”。）由此可知，Huxley对自然选择理论评价很高，故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段In 1863 Thomas Henry Huxley published Man’s Place in Nature in which he compared man and great apes (猿). He clearly showed similarities.（1863年， Thomas Henry Huxley发表了《人类在自然中的地位》一书，将人类与类人猿进行了比较。他明显指出了相似之处。）由此可知，Thomas Henry Huxley的书《人类在自然中的地位》为人类从类人猿进化而来提供了证据，故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段He had always been interested in education. He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting “type animals” is still followed today. He spent the last ten years of his life writing essays mainly on biology.（他一直对教育感兴趣。他是生物学教学的先驱，他选择“类群动物”的方法一直沿用至今。他生命的最后十年主要是写有关生物学的论文。）由此推断出，Huxley对生物教学做出了很大贡献，故选A。 C Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an increasingly important role in the restoration of Dunhuang murals (壁画). Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, located in Gansu Province, are home to more than 45,000 square meters of murals, some of which date back over 1,600 years. However, these precious artworks are facing threats from natural aging, climate change, and human activities. A team of researchers from Tsinghua University has developed an AI-based system to assist in mural restoration. The system first uses high-resolution cameras to capture detailed images of the murals. Then, AI algorithms analyze the images to identify damaged areas, such as cracks, fading, and peeling. “AI can quickly and accurately detect even the smallest damages that are difficult for human eyes to spot,” said Professor Chen, the leader of the research team. After identifying the damaged areas, the AI system provides restoration suggestions based on historical data and the style of the murals. For example, if a color has faded, the AI can recommend the most appropriate color to match the original. The system also helps restorers simulate the restoration effect before actual work begins, which reduces the risk of mistakes. “The AI system has greatly improved the efficiency and accuracy of mural restoration,” Professor Chen said. “What used to take restorers months to complete can now be done in a few weeks with the help of AI.” However, Professor Chen also pointed out that AI is only an assistant tool. “Human restorers still play a crucial role in making final decisions, as restoration requires not only technical skills but also a deep understanding of the cultural and historical background of the murals.” Some experts are concerned about the over-reliance on AI in cultural heritage restoration. “We should not let AI replace human judgment,” said Dr. Li, a cultural heritage expert. “The value of cultural heritage lies not only in its appearance but also in the human emotions and craftsmanship behind it.” 8. What is the main threat to Dunhuang murals mentioned in the text? A. Lack of research funds. B. Lack of professional restorers. C. Natural aging and human activities. D. Insufficient restoration technology. 9. What is the first step of the AI-based restoration system? A. Analyzing the damaged areas. B. Visualizing the restoration effect. C. Providing restoration suggestions. D. Capturing detailed images of the murals. 10. What does the underlined word “simulate” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Model. B. Compute. C. Erase. D. Rush. 11. What is Dr. Li’s attitude towards the use of AI in mural restoration? A. Cautious. B. Indifferent. C. Supportive. D. Opposed. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍人工智能在敦煌壁画修复中发挥的重要作用。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“However, these precious artworks are facing threats from natural aging, climate change, and human activities. (然而，这些珍贵的艺术品正面临着自然老化、气候变化以及人类活动的威胁。)”可知，文中提到敦煌壁画的主要威胁是自然老化与人类活动。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The system first uses high-resolution cameras to capture detailed images of the murals. (该系统首先利用高清摄像头拍摄壁画的细节图像。)”可知，人工智能修复系统的第一步是拍摄壁画细节图像。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“The system also helps restorers simulate the restoration effect before actual work begins, which reduces the risk of mistakes. (该系统还能帮助修复人员在正式施工前simulate修复效果，降低出错风险。)”可推知，是在模拟修复效果，simulate意为“模拟、模仿”。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“We should not let AI replace human judgment. (我们不应该让人工智能取代人类的判断。)”可知，Dr. Li对壁画修复中使用人工智能持谨慎态度。 D Plastic-Eating Worms Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. Almost half of that winds up in landfills, and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans. So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms. Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene (聚乙烯), which accounts for 40% of plastics. The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours, and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams, or almost 3% of it. To confirm that the worms’ chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste (糊状物) and applied it to plastic films (薄膜). 14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass — apparently broken down by enzymes (酶) from the worms’ stomachs. Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017. Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the study, says the worms’ ability to break down their everyday food — beeswax — also allows them to break down plastic. “Wax is a complex mixture, but the basic bond in polyethylene, the carbon-carbon bond, is there as well,” she explains. “The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond.” Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene. But compared with previous studies, she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes (肠道微生物)? Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team’s findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process — not simply “millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.” 12. What can we learn about the worms in the study? A. They wind up in landfills. B. They can consume plastics. C. They are newly evolved creatures. D. They take plastics as their everyday food. 13. According to Jennifer DeBruyn, the next step of the study is to ________. A. confirm the research findings B. increase the breakdown speed C. find out the source of the enzyme D. identify other means of the breakdown 14. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical might ________. A. help to raise worms B. help make plastic bags C. be used to clean the oceans D. be applied in industrial production later 15. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain a study method on worms. B. To introduce the diet of a special worm. C. To present a way to break down plastics. D. To propose new means to keep eco-balance. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了科学家发现一种能分解塑料的虫子，并对其进行了相关研究。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms.(但一项新的研究表明，答案可能在于一些饥饿的蠕虫的胃里。)”和第二段“Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene (聚乙烯), which accounts for 40% of plastics.(西班牙和英国的研究人员最近发现，大蜡螟的幼虫可以分解占塑料40%的聚乙烯。)”可知，这些虫子可以吃塑料。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes (肠道微生物)?(DeBruyn说，下一步是找出分解的原因。是蠕虫自身产生的酶还是肠道微生物产生的酶？)”可知，下一步是找出分解的原因，即酶的来源。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process(她希望在某种工业过程中使用这种化学物质)”可知，这种化学物质可能有一天会用于工业生产。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms.(但一项新的研究表明，答案可能在于一些饥饿的蠕虫的胃里。)”并结合文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种吃塑料的虫子，其胃里的酶能分解塑料，这很有可能是一种分解塑料的方法，由此可知，本文主要目的是介绍一种分解塑料的方法。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Gardening 380 Kilometers above Earth Astronauts have to go through physical, psychological, and technical training. They also go through training in how to care for plants. These “astronaut gardeners” share their work and living space with plants. Taking seeds and plants along on a trip isn’t a new idea. As space trips become longer, it will be necessary to grow food in space. ____16____ Because of this, it’s not practical to send everything needed for a long journey, only to be used once and thrown away. Plants can serve many uses on a space journey. They can provide more fresh things. ____17____ Also, plants can help to make air quality better because they produce oxygen. They can improve the quality of the air inside the spacecraft — the only air the astronauts can breathe. ____18____ Due to the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the plants. This can actually kill them, so fans are needed to circulate the air. Without gravity, roots don’t “know” to grow down, leaves don’t “know” to grow up, and water doesn’t easily travel up the roots to the leaves. ____19____ Besides, soil is too heavy to send to space, and special liquid gels (胶) are used to help plant growth. Scientists are also working on the plants themselves. They are trying to make plants grow more rapidly and grow with less water and light in space, and they are looking for ways to make plants more resistant to disease. ____20____ Imagine that deserts may one day provide lots of fresh food for local people, saving transportation costs. Similarly, plants that are resistant to disease could provide an important food supply. With the world’s population now at seven billion (十亿) people, our astronaut gardeners may help discover ways to feed those billions. A. Every plant grown in space must have several uses. B. However, there are challenges with growing plants in space. C. Such methods may result in improvements back here on Earth. D. The cost of taking anything into space is about $22,000 per kilogram. E. Specialized containers are being developed to help the plants grow correctly. F. Astronauts will welcome the addition of fruits and vegetables to their diet of dry foods. G. Currently all oxygen is taken aboard in tanks and then caught again so it can be reused. 【答案】16. D 17. F 18. B 19. E 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了在太空中种植植物的必要性、面临的挑战以及科学家们正在进行的研究。 【16题详解】 前文“As space trips become longer, it will be necessary to grow food in space. (随着太空旅行时间的延长，在太空中种植食物将是必要的)”提到在太空中种植食物的必要性，后文“Because of this, it’s not practical to send everything needed for a long journey, only to be used once and thrown away. (正因为如此，把长途旅行所需的所有东西都送去，只使用一次就扔掉是不现实的)”提到送上太空的物资不能是一次性的，因此D项“The cost of taking anything into space is about $22,000 per kilogram. (将任何东西送入太空的成本约为每公斤2.2万美元)”与下文构成因果关系，指出送物资上太空成本高昂，承上启下，后文的this指代选项内容。故选D。 【17题详解】 前文“Plants can serve many uses on a space journey. They can provide more fresh things. (在太空旅行中，植物有多种用途。他们可以提供更多新鲜的东西)”指出太空中的植物用途很多，可以提供更多新鲜事物，F项“Astronauts will welcome the addition of fruits and vegetables to their diet of dry foods. (宇航员将欢迎在他们的干粮中添加水果和蔬菜)”指出宇航员会喜欢吃到新鲜水果和蔬菜，承接上文，继续阐述太空中植物的用途，符合语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据后文“Due to the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the plants. This can actually kill them, so fans are needed to circulate the air. Without gravity, roots don’t “know” to grow down, leaves don’t “know” to grow up, and water doesn’t easily travel up the roots to the leaves. (由于太空中缺乏重力，植物产生的氧气留在植物周围。这实际上会杀死它们，所以需要风扇来循环空气。没有重力，根‘不知道’向下生长，叶‘不知道’向上生长，水也不容易从根流向叶)”可知，在太空中种植植物面临各种挑战，如氧气的滞留、重力的缺失等；空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，应该与挑战相关；B项“However, there are challenges with growing plants in space. (然而，在太空中种植植物也存在挑战)”指出在太空中种植植物面临挑战，契合段落内容；上一段阐述太空植物的多种用途，B选项与上一段构成转折关系，符合语境。故选B。 【19题详解】 前文“Without gravity, roots don’t “know” to grow down, leaves don’t “know” to grow up, and water doesn’t easily travel up the roots to the leaves. (没有重力，根‘不知道’向下生长，叶‘不知道’向上生长，水也不容易从根流向叶)”指出由于缺乏重力，植物的根系和叶片生长方向会出现问题，因此E项“Specialized containers are being developed to help the plants grow correctly. (专门的容器正在开发，以帮助植物正确生长)”符合语境，指出需要特殊的容器来帮助植物正确生长，承接前文。故选E。 【20题详解】 前文“They are trying to make plants grow more rapidly and grow with less water and light in space, and they are looking for ways to make plants more resistant to disease. (他们正在努力使植物在太空中生长得更快，在更少的水和光的条件下生长，他们正在寻找使植物更抗病的方法)”提到科学家为了在太空中种植植物，围绕植物本身开展的各种研究，后文“Imagine that deserts may one day provide lots of fresh food for local people, saving transportation costs. Similarly, plants that are resistant to disease could provide an important food supply. (想象一下，有一天沙漠可能会为当地人提供大量新鲜食物，从而节省运输成本。同样，抗病的植物可以提供重要的食物供应)”提到这些研究应用于地球环境时带来的用处，因此C项“Such methods may result in improvements back here on Earth. (这些方法可能会在地球上带来改进)”符合语境，承上启下。故选C。 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15 小题；每小题 1分，满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A few years ago, I was at the clinic with my father, who was sitting in the waiting room for a routine test. An elderly woman arrived and ___21___ herself directly across from my dad. Time ___22___ terribly as we waited. The woman began singing My Heart Will Go On — the Titanic theme song. I was ___23___ about how my dad would react to it. He had been ___24___ from Alzheimer’s for several years. Since Alzheimer’s had a ___25___ to make people impatient and bad-tempered, I couldn’t help but think that the elderly woman was ___26___ fire. At the beginning, the singing went gently. I glanced over at his ___27___. As expected, he was staring right at her. I couldn’t ___28___ his expression initially, but it ___29___ to be something like confusion. Her singing ____30____ got louder, every corner of the waiting room ringing with her voice. Now dad looked a little astonished. Still, I watched ____31____, ready to act for any ____32____ of my father’s annoyed outburst. However, he was starting to look a bit entertained. His face ____33____, and the tension eased in his forehead. When her song ____34____, the words “That was beautiful” escaped my dad’s lips. For so many years, my dad had been lost somewhere deep in his own mind, no smile, no acknowledgement of any kind. But right now, the woman really ____35____ my dad’s day. 21. A. applied B. buried C. seated D. enjoyed 22. A. dragged B. flew C. slipped D. wasted 23. A. enthusiastic B. embarrassed C. puzzled D. concerned 24. A. suffering B. recovering C. learning D. escaping 25. A. standard B. background C. tendency D. reward 26. A. putting out B. dancing to C. playing with D. adding to 27. A. appearance B. response C. presence D. shadow 28. A. observe B. copy C. hide D. read 29. A. used B. seemed C. happened D. pretended 30. A. gradually B. frequently C. consistently D. particularly 31. A. impatiently B. eagerly C. uneasily D. aimlessly 32. A. doubt B. control C. insight D. sign 33. A. softened B. froze C. fell D. reddened 34. A. spread B. ended C. changed D. repeated 35. A. ruined B. arranged C. made D. questioned 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述作者陪父亲在诊所候诊时，一位老年女士唱起歌曲，作者因父亲患有阿尔茨海默病、脾气易急躁而满心担忧，没想到歌声慢慢安抚了父亲的情绪，让多年神情淡漠的父亲露出柔和神情并开口称赞。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：一位年长的女士走了进来，径直坐在我父亲的对面。A. applied申请；B. buried埋藏；C. seated就座；D. enjoyed享受。根据上文“my father, who was sitting in the waiting room”可知，女士进入候诊室后找位置坐下，seat oneself为固定表达，表示“使自己落座”。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：在等候的过程中，时间过得格外漫长难熬。A. dragged缓慢流逝；B. flew飞逝；C. slipped溜走；D. wasted浪费。根据下文“we waited”可知，候诊过程枯燥无聊，drag可表示时间拖沓、过得很慢。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我很担心父亲会对此作何反应。A. enthusiastic热情的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. puzzled困惑的；D. concerned担心的。根据下文“He had been   from Alzheimer’s for several years.”可知，父亲患有阿尔茨海默病、性情易怒，作者内心十分担心。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：他受阿尔茨海默病困扰已有好几年了。A. suffering遭受；B. recovering康复；C. learning学习；D. escaping逃离。根据下文“from Alzheimer’s”可知，父亲受阿尔茨海默病折磨，suffer from为固定表达，表示“患有某种疾病、受……折磨”。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：由于阿尔茨海默病往往会使人变得急躁易怒，所以我不禁觉得那位老妇人简直是在玩火。A. standard标准；B. background背景；C. tendency倾向；D. reward回报。根据上文“He had been   from Alzheimer’s for several years.”和常识可知，这种疾病本身带有使人易怒急躁的固有倾向。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：同上。A. putting out扑灭；B. dancing to伴着……跳舞；C. playing with玩弄；D. adding to增添。根据上文“Alzheimer’s had a  to make people impatient and bad-tempered”可知，作者担心脾气易怒的父亲会发怒，觉得老妇人会使父亲愤怒，play with fire为固定搭配，意为“玩火、冒险行事”。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：我瞥向父亲，看他的反应。A. appearance外貌；B. response反应；C. presence在场；D. shadow影子。根据上文“the woman began singing”可知，作者一直留意父亲听到歌声后的状态，会关注他的反应。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：起初无法看懂他脸上的神情，但那神情看上去带着几分困惑。A. observe观察；B. copy模仿；C. hide隐藏；D. read领会。根据上文“I glanced over at his ”可知，作者关注父亲的反应，此处侧重表达难以领会、读懂父亲脸上的表情变化。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：同上。A. used过去常常；B. seemed似乎；C. happened碰巧；D. pretended假装。根据上文“I couldn’t his expression initially”可知，作者仔细观察后，能看出父亲的神情好像满是疑惑。 【30题详解】 考查副词。句意：她的歌声渐渐变得响亮，候诊室的每个角落都回荡着她的声音。A. gradually逐渐地；B. frequently频繁地；C. consistently一贯地；D. particularly尤其。根据上文“At the beginning, the singing went gently”可知，女士的歌声从轻柔慢慢变得响亮，是循序渐进的过程。 【31题详解】 考查副词。句意：我依旧不安地注视着，随时留意父亲恼怒发作的任何征兆。A. impatiently不耐烦地；B. eagerly急切地；C. uneasily不安地；D. aimlessly漫无目的地。根据上文“Alzheimer’s had a  to make people impatient and bad-tempered”可知，作者始终放心不下父亲会发怒，内心忐忑不安。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：我依旧不安地注视着，随时留意父亲恼怒发作的任何征兆。A. doubt怀疑；B. control控制；C. insight洞察力；D. sign迹象，征兆。根据上文“I watched ”可知，作者时刻关注父亲是否有发脾气的征兆，以便及时应对。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：他的脸色变得柔和，额头紧绷的神情也舒缓下来。A. softened变柔和；B. froze僵住；C. fell垂下；D. reddened变红。根据上文“he was starting to look a bit entertained”可知，父亲的情绪从紧绷慢慢变得温和放松。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：当她的歌声结束时，我父亲随口说出“真好听”这句话。A. spread传播；B. ended结束；C. changed改变；D. repeated重复。根据下文“the words ‘That was beautiful’ escaped my dad’s lips”可知，女士唱完歌曲后父亲才开口赞叹。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：但就在这一刻，这位女士着实让父亲这一天变得十分舒心美好。A. ruined毁坏；B. arranged安排；C. made使得；D. questioned质疑。根据上文“my dad had been lost somewhere deep in his own mind”以及后文“But right now”可知，多年来父亲神情淡漠，而女士的歌声让他心情愉悦，make one’s day为固定习语，意为“让某人一天心情愉悦”。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I can well remember that I was once asked to deliver a speech titled “A Real Test in My Life” before the whole class at the age of 9! You can imagine how ___36___ (terrible) shy I was with so many eyes ___37___ (fix) upon me. I had no ___38___ (choose) but to prepare for it, though. First of all, I was to draft the speech, which was just a piece of cake for me, a good writer. But the hardest part ___39___ (lie) in my oral presentation from my memory—for to read from the paper was not allowed. The real moment began ___40___ I stood on the platform with my legs trembling and my mind blank. But my listeners were waiting patiently without any signs of rushing me. Otherwise, I ___41___ (run) away from them. Gradually I found myself back, delivering my speech with difficulty. After what seemed to be a hundred years, I found my audience applauding—I made ___42___! From then on, my fear of talking before an audience disappeared. Actually, with my confidence building up, I now turn out ___43___ (be) a great speaker. Looking back, I know the greatest difficulty on our way ___44___ success is our fear. Overcome it ____45____ we will be able to achieve our goals. 【答案】36. terribly 37. fixed 38. choice 39. lay 40. when 41. would have run 42. it 43. to be 44. to 45. and 【解析】 【导语】作者回忆九岁时在全班面前演讲的经历，这次经历克服了当众讲话的恐惧，也悟出战胜恐惧才能收获成功的道理。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：你可以想象有这么多双眼睛注视着我，我是多么害羞。修饰形容词shy需要用副词形式，terrible对应的副词为terribly。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：你可以想象有这么多眼睛注视着我，我有多害羞。with复合结构中，fix与逻辑主语eyes构成被动关系，需用过去分词fixed。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：但我别无选择，只能为此做准备。固定搭配have no choice but to do sth.，空格处需要填入名词，choose对应的名词形式为choice。 【39题详解】 考查一般过去时。句意：但最难的部分在于凭记忆进行口头陈述。文章讲述过去的经历，时态为一般过去时，lie表示“在于”时过去式为lay。 【40题详解】 考查时间状语从句连词。句意：当我站在台上双腿发抖、大脑一片空白时，关键时刻来临了。此处引导时间状语从句，表达“当……时候”，所以用when。 【41题详解】 考查含蓄虚拟语气。句意：要不然我当时就会逃离他们了。otherwise暗含对过去事实的虚拟，谓语动词要用would have run形式。 【42题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：我听见观众鼓掌了——我成功了。固定短语make it为固定表达，意为“成功、做到”。 【43题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：事实上，随着自信心不断增强，我如今已然成为一名优秀的演讲者。固定结构turn out to be意为“结果是；证明是”。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：回望过往，我明白在通往成功的道路上，最大的阻碍是内心的恐惧。固定搭配on one’s way to...表示“在去往……的路上”，后面接名词用介词to。 【45题详解】 考查并列连词。句意：克服它，我们就能够实现自己的目标。本句为祈使句+and陈述句的固定句型，前后为顺承逻辑，故用and。 第四部分写作 (共两节，满分 40分) 第一节 (满分 15分) 46. 春假 (spring break) 就要来了。请你代表学生会给同学们写一份倡议书，倡导大家走出教室，走进大自然。内容包括： 1. 春假的意义； 2. 些许建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow students, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Students’ Union 【答案】范文： Dear fellow students, With the spring break approaching, we strongly advocate that we step out of the classroom and into nature. Spring break is not just a pause from study, but a perfect chance to refresh our minds and reconnect with the natural world. Why not go cycling along the riverside, or simply having a picnic in the park and feel the warmth of spring sunshine on your face? After this break, we’ll return to our studies with renewed energy and clearer thinking. Let’s get started and seize this opportunity — go outside, embrace nature, and recharge ourselves! Students’ Union 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生代表学生会给全校同学写一封倡议书，倡导大家走出教室，走进大自然。内容包括点明春假的意义，同时给出走进大自然的合理建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 临近：approach → draw near 极好的：perfect → excellent 放松：refresh → relax 精力，活力：energy → vigour 2. 句式拓展 同义句替换 原句：With the spring break approaching, we strongly advocate that we step out of the classroom and into nature. 拓展句：As the spring break is drawing near, we strongly advocate that we step out of the classroom and into nature. 【点睛】【高分句型1】With the spring break approaching, we strongly advocate that we step out of the classroom and into nature. (运用with复合结构作状语和that引导宾语从句和虚拟语气) 【高分句型2】Spring break is not just a pause from study, but a perfect chance to refresh our minds and reconnect with the natural world. (运用 not just...but... 并列结构，点明春假价值，逻辑清晰) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My Own Beat My pulse quickened as my feet took me closer and closer to the door. In my head, I could hear the words my kids kept telling me, “Do it, Mom. You never do anything for yourself. Just follow your dream.” I felt my lungs filled with air and released it. “What are you doing here? You’re a single mom of five. You’re fifty years old!” My thoughts were fighting with my kids’ words. Even so, it was as if I had no control over my feet. As if they were being urged along from somewhere deep inside me. Finally I gathered my courage, stepped into the hall and signed up for drum classes, which was my childhood dream. Wednesday came, and along with it my first drum lesson. I walked through the door and headed directly to the seating area in the back. My hands kept fidgeting (动来动去) with the sticks. I kept nervously looking at the time. I tried to slow down my breath. I knew the teacher would say I was not the right type of person to play the drums. I turned around to see an older man looking at me. “Stephanie? I’m Mike, the drum teacher,” he said. People make me nervous. That’s the way I’ve always been. But Mike had a very calm manner about him, so I relaxed just slightly. Not only did he not tell me that I was the wrong type of person to play the drums, but he complimented me on how well I held the sticks and followed along with him. “You are fine. I see so much potential in you,” he told me. Soon my thirty-minute lesson is over. Walking back to my car, I felt full of excitement and energy. I thought of how many times I had driven my kids to their competitions and watched proudly as they bravely went in front of judges and audiences. Now it felt scary and amazing at the same time to follow my dream and do something that was purely for my enjoyment, something just for me. Maybe one day I would have the chance to stand on the stage. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I started the car and couldn’t wait to go back home to tell my kids about my class. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Seeing my devotion and progress, Mike convinced me to play in a concert. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I started the car and couldn’t wait to go back home to tell my kids about my class. When I stepped into the house, my kids yelled, “Did you do it?” “How was everything going?” Then they saw my excitement and the drumsticks in my hand. They started jumping up and down and then came to hug me. In the following days, I practiced as much as I could and my techniques improved greatly. When I played, I became so focused on the drums that it was as if my expression of who I was came out with every beat and rhythm. Seeing my devotion and progress, Mike convinced me to play in a concert. When I told my children the news, they felt really happy for me, promising they would go with me. The big day soon came. When waiting for my turn, I felt a little nervous but thinking of my kids helped me to find strength within me. Walking up on the small stage, I breathed deeply and sat at the drum set. When I finished, everyone was clapping and cheering for me. I did it! 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索。文章讲述作者50岁开始追求自己儿时的梦想——学习敲鼓，并受到孩子们和老师鼓励，经过自己的努力获得成功的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我发动了车，迫不及待地想回家告诉我的孩子们我的课。”可知，第一段可描写作者告诉孩子们自己愉快的经历，孩子们也很高兴，以及接下来作者的努力练习取得进步的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“看到我的奉献和进步，迈克说服我在一场音乐会上演奏。”可知，第二段可描写作者在孩子们的鼓励和陪同下登台演奏的经过以及作者的成功。 2.续写线索：告诉孩子们——高兴——努力取得进步——陪同演奏——成功 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.走进：step into/walk into/go into ②.喊叫：yell/shout/scream ③.深呼吸：breathe deeply/take a deep breath 情绪类 ①.激动：see my excitement/be excited ②.快乐：feel really happy/feel joyful/sense happiness 【点睛】【高分句型1】When I played, I became so focused on the drums that it was as if my expression of who I was came out with every beat and rhythm.（运用了时间状语从句，状语从句，表语从句，宾语从句） 【高分句型2】When I told my children the news, they felt really happy for me, promising they would go with me.（运用了状语从句，现在分词作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 山西省实验中学 2025-2026学年第二学期高一年级期中考试试题 英语 总分：150 分 命题人：高一英语组 第一部分听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. Where are the speakers? A. In a bank. B. In a restaurant. C. In a cinema. 2. What is the woman going to do for the man? A. Buy a coat. B. Pick him up. C. Book a table. 3. How did the man’s wife go to work in the past? A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By car. 4. What will the man do on Saturday? A. Visit his uncle. B. Watch a show. C. Care for the dolphins. 5. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Skip dinner. B. Avoid snack foods. C. Get enough exercise. 第二节 (共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面 5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题 5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6段材料，回答第 6、7题。 6. What does Mr. Smith dislike? A. The garden. B. The living room. C. The swing. 7. What will the speakers do next? A. Visit other houses. B. Play with the children. C. Grow some vegetables. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Where would the man like to work? A. In a bank. B. In a store. C. In a hospital. 9. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Boss and worker. B. Teacher and student. C. Brother and sister. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. When does the conversation take place? A. After an exam. B. During a party. C. Late in the afternoon. 11. Who owns a clothing shop? A. The man. B. The man’s uncle. C. The woman. 12. What does the woman suggest doing at the party? A. Dressing up as characters. B. Organizing competitions. C. Playing games. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. When can readers go to the public library on Monday? A. At 9 a. m. B. At 2:30 p. m. C. At 5:30 p. m. 14. Where are the professional books? A. On the first floor. B. On the second floor. C. On the third floor. 15. What can readers do on the third floor? A. Attend lectures. B. Have coffee. C. Use computers. 16. How long can readers keep a book for free? A. For a month. B. For five weeks. C. For six weeks. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Which building has a gym? A. Blake Residence. B. Brown Hall. C. Queen’s Building. 18. Why is Blake Residence peaceful? A. Only girls live there. B. No visitors can come in. C. Everyone has a private room. 19. What is the advantage of Queen’s Building? A. It has shower rooms. B. It has a computer room. C. It has its own private garden. 20. Why is the Parkway Flats expensive? A. Parking there is charged. B. There are the largest rooms. C. The fees include the cost of meals. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Things to do in Cabo Corrientes, Jalisco, MexIco！ ◆ Rhythms of the Night-Sunset Cruise(乘船游览) Duration: 5 hrs Kick off the evening with a scenic cruise across Banderas Bay to Las Caletas. Las Caletas, once home to a Hollywood movie director John Huston, offers front-row sunset seats, and dinner tables just steps away from the water. The buffet-style menu offers a wide variety of choices. Watch the lively performance of ancient ceremonies and be lost in historical stories about Jalisco. You must be able to climb and go down stairs. ◆ Sayulita Escape Duration: 3 hrs Hop on a powerful UTV(utility task vehicle) to explore Sayulita, a nice beach town not far from Vallarta. Ride over muddy roads and a riverbed to reach the small community famous for its relaxing atmosphere. Soon after hitting the main road, your guide turns onto one of the dusty forest paths. When you are ready, a picnic lunch, an open bar, and a knowledgeable crew await your return to the ship. Wheelchair accessibility is available. ◆ Las Caletas Beach Hideaway Duration: 7 hrs The use of kayaks(独木舟)and stand-up paddleboards is all available, as well as a scenic nature walk and admission to Kids Adventure Park for the young ones. You can even swim out to an offshore platform to practice your diving skills. Wheelchair accessibility is not available. ◆Street Food and Taco Tour in Puerto vallarta Duration: 6hrs 30mins Enjoy a feast of local flavors in our food and tacos-tasting tour. Discover Puerto Vallarta's best flavors to the locals'eye. Learn about the local culture and life, while you eat where the locals do with their beloved ones. Wheelchair accessibility is not avaliable. 1. What can tourists do on the tour Rhythms of the Night-Sunset Cruise? A. Enjoy free dinners. B. Come across the movie director John Huston. C. Learn about the history of Jalisco. D. Watch the scenic sunrise. 2. How does the tour Sayulita Escape differ from the other ones? A. It includes a licensed guide. B. It is more friendly to the disabled. C. It offers various water event. D. It has adventurous routes. 3. Which tour suits families with kids? A. Las Caletas Beach Hideaway. B. Sayulita Escape. C. Rhythms of the Night-Sunset Cruise. D. Street Food and Taco Tour in Puerto Vallarta. B Born in London in 1825, Thomas Henry Huxley was one of the greatest men of the nineteenth century. In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard H. M.S. Rattlesnake. The ship had been asked to survey areas of the Great Barrier Reef and the neighboring seas. This gave Thomas Henry Huxley an opportunity to study animal life and was the start of his biological career. The voyage lasted four years, during which time he gathered much information on plankton (浮游生物). On his return from the voyage, Thomas Henry Huxley was made a member of the Royal Society in recognition of his scientific work. Although he continued to publish papers about plankton, his interest was turning towards vertebrate (有脊椎的) animals. For some time Thomas Henry Huxley and his workmates had been discussing the possibility that animal species had evolved (进化), one from another. No satisfactory theories had been put forward, but in 1859 Darwin’s Origin of Species appeared. Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided “the working hypothesis (假说) we sought”. For the rest of his life Thomas Henry Huxley struggled to ensure the full recognition of Darwin's work. In 1863 Thomas Henry Huxley published Man’s Place in Nature in which he compared man and great apes (猿). He clearly showed similarities. Despite his many achievements, he was given no award by the British state until late in his life. From about 1870, Thomas Henry Huxley was too involved in other things to continue actual research. He had always been interested in education. He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting “type animals” is still followed today. He spent the last ten years of his life writing essays mainly on biology. 4. Why did Huxley go on the voyage? A. To explore the deep sea. B. To do research on sea animals. C. To work as a doctor on the ship. D. To gather information for his paper. 5. How did Huxley react to the theory of natural selection? A. He had doubt about it. B. He thought highly of it. C. He couldn’t understand it. D. He thought he developed it first. 6. What do we know about Huxley's book Man’s Place in Nature? A. It discusses the importance of human beings. B. It focuses on Darwin’s theory of natural selection. C. It talks about the differences between man and apes. D. It provides evidence about the evolution of man from apes. 7. What can we learn about Huxley from the last paragraph? A. He contributed a lot to biology teaching. B. He continued his research till his death. C. He became a good novelist late in his life. D. He never got awards for his achievements. C Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an increasingly important role in the restoration of Dunhuang murals (壁画). Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, located in Gansu Province, are home to more than 45,000 square meters of murals, some of which date back over 1,600 years. However, these precious artworks are facing threats from natural aging, climate change, and human activities. A team of researchers from Tsinghua University has developed an AI-based system to assist in mural restoration. The system first uses high-resolution cameras to capture detailed images of the murals. Then, AI algorithms analyze the images to identify damaged areas, such as cracks, fading, and peeling. “AI can quickly and accurately detect even the smallest damages that are difficult for human eyes to spot,” said Professor Chen, the leader of the research team. After identifying the damaged areas, the AI system provides restoration suggestions based on historical data and the style of the murals. For example, if a color has faded, the AI can recommend the most appropriate color to match the original. The system also helps restorers simulate the restoration effect before actual work begins, which reduces the risk of mistakes. “The AI system has greatly improved the efficiency and accuracy of mural restoration,” Professor Chen said. “What used to take restorers months to complete can now be done in a few weeks with the help of AI.” However, Professor Chen also pointed out that AI is only an assistant tool. “Human restorers still play a crucial role in making final decisions, as restoration requires not only technical skills but also a deep understanding of the cultural and historical background of the murals.” Some experts are concerned about the over-reliance on AI in cultural heritage restoration. “We should not let AI replace human judgment,” said Dr. Li, a cultural heritage expert. “The value of cultural heritage lies not only in its appearance but also in the human emotions and craftsmanship behind it.” 8. What is the main threat to Dunhuang murals mentioned in the text? A. Lack of research funds. B. Lack of professional restorers. C. Natural aging and human activities. D. Insufficient restoration technology. 9. What is the first step of the AI-based restoration system? A. Analyzing the damaged areas. B. Visualizing the restoration effect. C. Providing restoration suggestions. D. Capturing detailed images of the murals. 10. What does the underlined word “simulate” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Model. B. Compute. C. Erase. D. Rush. 11. What is Dr. Li’s attitude towards the use of AI in mural restoration? A. Cautious. B. Indifferent. C. Supportive. D. Opposed. D Plastic-Eating Worms Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. Almost half of that winds up in landfills, and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans. So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms. Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene (聚乙烯), which accounts for 40% of plastics. The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours, and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams, or almost 3% of it. To confirm that the worms’ chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste (糊状物) and applied it to plastic films (薄膜). 14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass — apparently broken down by enzymes (酶) from the worms’ stomachs. Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017. Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the study, says the worms’ ability to break down their everyday food — beeswax — also allows them to break down plastic. “Wax is a complex mixture, but the basic bond in polyethylene, the carbon-carbon bond, is there as well,” she explains. “The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond.” Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene. But compared with previous studies, she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes (肠道微生物)? Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team’s findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process — not simply “millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.” 12. What can we learn about the worms in the study? A. They wind up in landfills. B. They can consume plastics. C. They are newly evolved creatures. D. They take plastics as their everyday food. 13. According to Jennifer DeBruyn, the next step of the study is to ________. A. confirm the research findings B. increase the breakdown speed C. find out the source of the enzyme D. identify other means of the breakdown 14. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical might ________. A. help to raise worms B. help make plastic bags C. be used to clean the oceans D. be applied in industrial production later 15. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain a study method on worms. B. To introduce the diet of a special worm. C. To present a way to break down plastics. D. To propose new means to keep eco-balance. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Gardening 380 Kilometers above Earth Astronauts have to go through physical, psychological, and technical training. They also go through training in how to care for plants. These “astronaut gardeners” share their work and living space with plants. Taking seeds and plants along on a trip isn’t a new idea. As space trips become longer, it will be necessary to grow food in space. ____16____ Because of this, it’s not practical to send everything needed for a long journey, only to be used once and thrown away. Plants can serve many uses on a space journey. They can provide more fresh things. ____17____ Also, plants can help to make air quality better because they produce oxygen. They can improve the quality of the air inside the spacecraft — the only air the astronauts can breathe. ____18____ Due to the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the plants. This can actually kill them, so fans are needed to circulate the air. Without gravity, roots don’t “know” to grow down, leaves don’t “know” to grow up, and water doesn’t easily travel up the roots to the leaves. ____19____ Besides, soil is too heavy to send to space, and special liquid gels (胶) are used to help plant growth. Scientists are also working on the plants themselves. They are trying to make plants grow more rapidly and grow with less water and light in space, and they are looking for ways to make plants more resistant to disease. ____20____ Imagine that deserts may one day provide lots of fresh food for local people, saving transportation costs. Similarly, plants that are resistant to disease could provide an important food supply. With the world’s population now at seven billion (十亿) people, our astronaut gardeners may help discover ways to feed those billions. A. Every plant grown in space must have several uses. B. However, there are challenges with growing plants in space. C. Such methods may result in improvements back here on Earth. D. The cost of taking anything into space is about $22,000 per kilogram. E. Specialized containers are being developed to help the plants grow correctly. F. Astronauts will welcome the addition of fruits and vegetables to their diet of dry foods. G. Currently all oxygen is taken aboard in tanks and then caught again so it can be reused. 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15 小题；每小题 1分，满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A few years ago, I was at the clinic with my father, who was sitting in the waiting room for a routine test. An elderly woman arrived and ___21___ herself directly across from my dad. Time ___22___ terribly as we waited. The woman began singing My Heart Will Go On — the Titanic theme song. I was ___23___ about how my dad would react to it. He had been ___24___ from Alzheimer’s for several years. Since Alzheimer’s had a ___25___ to make people impatient and bad-tempered, I couldn’t help but think that the elderly woman was ___26___ fire. At the beginning, the singing went gently. I glanced over at his ___27___. As expected, he was staring right at her. I couldn’t ___28___ his expression initially, but it ___29___ to be something like confusion. Her singing ____30____ got louder, every corner of the waiting room ringing with her voice. Now dad looked a little astonished. Still, I watched ____31____, ready to act for any ____32____ of my father’s annoyed outburst. However, he was starting to look a bit entertained. His face ____33____, and the tension eased in his forehead. When her song ____34____, the words “That was beautiful” escaped my dad’s lips. For so many years, my dad had been lost somewhere deep in his own mind, no smile, no acknowledgement of any kind. But right now, the woman really ____35____ my dad’s day. 21. A. applied B. buried C. seated D. enjoyed 22. A. dragged B. flew C. slipped D. wasted 23. A. enthusiastic B. embarrassed C. puzzled D. concerned 24. A. suffering B. recovering C. learning D. escaping 25. A. standard B. background C. tendency D. reward 26. A. putting out B. dancing to C. playing with D. adding to 27. A. appearance B. response C. presence D. shadow 28. A. observe B. copy C. hide D. read 29. A. used B. seemed C. happened D. pretended 30. A. gradually B. frequently C. consistently D. particularly 31. A. impatiently B. eagerly C. uneasily D. aimlessly 32. A. doubt B. control C. insight D. sign 33. A. softened B. froze C. fell D. reddened 34. A. spread B. ended C. changed D. repeated 35. A. ruined B. arranged C. made D. questioned 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I can well remember that I was once asked to deliver a speech titled “A Real Test in My Life” before the whole class at the age of 9! You can imagine how ___36___ (terrible) shy I was with so many eyes ___37___ (fix) upon me. I had no ___38___ (choose) but to prepare for it, though. First of all, I was to draft the speech, which was just a piece of cake for me, a good writer. But the hardest part ___39___ (lie) in my oral presentation from my memory—for to read from the paper was not allowed. The real moment began ___40___ I stood on the platform with my legs trembling and my mind blank. But my listeners were waiting patiently without any signs of rushing me. Otherwise, I ___41___ (run) away from them. Gradually I found myself back, delivering my speech with difficulty. After what seemed to be a hundred years, I found my audience applauding—I made ___42___! From then on, my fear of talking before an audience disappeared. Actually, with my confidence building up, I now turn out ___43___ (be) a great speaker. Looking back, I know the greatest difficulty on our way ___44___ success is our fear. Overcome it ____45____ we will be able to achieve our goals. 第四部分写作 (共两节，满分 40分) 第一节 (满分 15分) 46. 春假 (spring break) 就要来了。请你代表学生会给同学们写一份倡议书，倡导大家走出教室，走进大自然。内容包括： 1. 春假的意义； 2. 些许建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow students, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Students’ Union 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My Own Beat My pulse quickened as my feet took me closer and closer to the door. In my head, I could hear the words my kids kept telling me, “Do it, Mom. You never do anything for yourself. Just follow your dream.” I felt my lungs filled with air and released it. “What are you doing here? You’re a single mom of five. You’re fifty years old!” My thoughts were fighting with my kids’ words. Even so, it was as if I had no control over my feet. As if they were being urged along from somewhere deep inside me. Finally I gathered my courage, stepped into the hall and signed up for drum classes, which was my childhood dream. Wednesday came, and along with it my first drum lesson. I walked through the door and headed directly to the seating area in the back. My hands kept fidgeting (动来动去) with the sticks. I kept nervously looking at the time. I tried to slow down my breath. I knew the teacher would say I was not the right type of person to play the drums. I turned around to see an older man looking at me. “Stephanie? I’m Mike, the drum teacher,” he said. People make me nervous. That’s the way I’ve always been. But Mike had a very calm manner about him, so I relaxed just slightly. Not only did he not tell me that I was the wrong type of person to play the drums, but he complimented me on how well I held the sticks and followed along with him. “You are fine. I see so much potential in you,” he told me. Soon my thirty-minute lesson is over. Walking back to my car, I felt full of excitement and energy. I thought of how many times I had driven my kids to their competitions and watched proudly as they bravely went in front of judges and audiences. Now it felt scary and amazing at the same time to follow my dream and do something that was purely for my enjoyment, something just for me. Maybe one day I would have the chance to stand on the stage. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I started the car and couldn’t wait to go back home to tell my kids about my class. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Seeing my devotion and progress, Mike convinced me to play in a concert. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $