Unit3 Growing Up 第五课时(SectionB Vocabulary in use 2a-2c)课后分层作业+知识清单2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit3 Growing Up（解析版） Section B How can we stay positive? 第五课时 (Section B Vocabulary in use 2a-2c) 分层作业 基础知识累积 词汇夯基 一、请根据所给的首字母、音标或汉语提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1.If we see b________ at school, we should stop it and protect the weak students. 2. It’s n________ to feel upset when we fail an exam, and talking helps a lot. 3. My sister and I think ________ (不同地) about many things—she likes action movies, but I prefer comedies. 4. We should think twice before saying something ________ (刻薄的) to others. 5.He has a n________ attitude towards his job. 6. He had to l________ down because he felt dizzy. 7.Rules are everywhere! They tell us how to ________ [bɪ'heɪv]. 8.John's favourite subject is ['fiziks] 答案：1.bullying 2.normal 3.differently 4.mean 5.negative 6.lie 7.behave 8.physics 二、根据语境，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 mad joyful thank deep relax            1. It is ____ (joy) to listen to music and take a cup of coffee on a sunny afternoon. 2. Jack is ________ (thank) to his teacher for helping him with English. 3. Don’t stay too close to the lake. It is the second ________ (deep) lake in our town. 4. Taking a deep breath can help you feel more ________ (relax). 5. You take a deep _____ (breathe) first and then begin to write on the exam paper. 6.Don't get____ at your friends over small things. 答案：1.joyful 2.thankful 3.deepest 4.relaxed 5.breath 6.mad 句型及短语聚焦 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.如果你的朋友很生气，告诉他先冷静下来，再好好沟通。 If your friend is angry, tell him to ________ ________ before talking. 2. 我们会发现作者看世界的方式是不一样的。 We can find that the writers see the world __________. 3. 深呼吸，你会感觉更放松。 ________ ________ ________ ________ and you will feel more ________. 4.校园生活会让人疲惫，学生们也会时不时感到紧张无助。 School life can be tiring, and students may feel nervous and helpless ___ __ ___ __. 5.冲父母喊叫来表明你的怒火是很粗鲁的。 It’s very rude of you to ________ ________ your parents to show your anger. 6.他因为她迟到而对她大发雷霆。 He ________ ________ ________ her because she was late. 7.她从梦境中醒来。 She ________ ________ from her dream. 8.人们在压力下会有不同的行为。 People can ________ differently under ________. 答案：1.calm down 2.differently 3.Take a deep breath relaxed 4.from time to time 5.shout at 6.was/ got; angry/mad; with/ at 7.woke up 8.behave stress 应用素养提升 能力提升 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 normal, joy,relaxed, wake, sleep, lie, at, bully, mad lie It is normal for us to have different feelings every day. Last night, Lily _1__ awake for a long time. She felt _2.__and sad because she met __3__ at school. Some classmates shouted _4___ her and made her upset. She couldn’t fall __5___ at all. Early this morning, she __6___up with a bad mood. Luckily, her teacher talked with her patiently and told her it was not her fault. Soon Lily felt __7__ and peaceful again. She was so __8___ to her kind teacher. Later, she played games with her best friends. She had a _9___ afternoon and finally forgot her unhappiness. It’s __10___ to have bad feelings, but we can always find a way to cheer ourselves up. 答案：1.lay 2.mad 3.bullying 4.at 5.asleep 6.woke 7.relaxed 8.thankful 9.joyful 10.normal 拓展培优 1、 阅读理解。   Once upon a time, in a small village in the middle of a forest, there lived a young girl named Lila. Lila was known throughout the village for her very bad temper. She would often get angry at her friends and family, and her anger would sometimes get the best of her. One day, Lila and her best friend Maya were playing a game when Lila suddenly fell down. Maya laughed, thinking Lila was just playful and that it didn’t hurt at all, but Lila didn’t see it that way. She felt embarrassed (尴尬的). Without thinking, Lila got angry at Maya, calling her names and pushing her away. Maya was hurt and didn’t understand why, and she ran off crying. Lila was left alone, feeling sorry about her actions. That night, Lila couldn’t sleep. She kept thinking about what she had done to Maya. She knew she had to make things right, but she didn’t know how. The next day, Lila went into the forest, hoping to find a way to control her anger and make up with Maya. She saw a wise old owl (猫头鹰) in a tree. “Hello, young girl,” the owl said. “What brings you here?” Lila explained her situation to the owl. The owl said,     1    . Anger can be helpful in encouraging us to take action, but it can also drive us to strike out (猛烈攻击) and hurt others and ourselves. The key is to learn how to control it. The owl then gave Lila a small stone and asked her to carry it with her, saying that whenever she felt angry, she could hold it in her hand and take three deep breaths. It wasn’t easy at first, but with practice, Lila learned how to control her anger and think before she acted. She also said sorry to Maya and promised never to let her anger hurt Maya again. Maya forgave her, and they became even closer than before. 1. The underlined part “get the best of” in the first paragraph means “________”. A．calm down B．take control of C．make fun of D．bring out the best in 2. Why did Maya laugh when Lila fell down? A．She felt embarrassed. B．She wanted to embarrass Lila. C．She thought Lila did that just for fun. D．She laughed every time someone fell down. 3. Lila went to the forest to ________. A．meet the wise old owl B．look for her friend Maya C．find a way to solve her problem D．forget about all her unhappiness 4. Which of the following can be put in ________? A．You can’t win it all. B．Every coin has two sides. C．Try to look on the bright side. D．Don’t be too hard on yourself. 5. What life lesson does the story mainly teach us? A．Nature is the best classroom. B．Anger is a feeling to be managed. C．Friendship means going through tests. D．True friends always forgive each other. 【答案】【小题 1】B【小题 2】C【小题 3】C【小题 4】B【小题 5】B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了脾气不好的女孩莉拉因生气推走朋友玛雅后，内心愧疚，在森林中从猫头鹰那里得到控制愤怒的建议，最终学会控制愤怒并与玛雅和好的故事。 【小题 1】第一段提到 “She would often get angry at her friends and family, and her anger would sometimes get the best of her”，这里 “get the best of” 意思是 “控制住，战胜”，结合选项可知意思是 “take control of”，直接表明莉拉有时会被愤怒控制。 【小题 2】第二段提到 “Maya laughed, thinking Lila was just playful and that it didn’t hurt at all”，说明玛雅笑是因为她觉得莉拉摔倒只是为了好玩，根本不疼。 【小题 3】第四段提到 “The next day, Lila went into the forest, hoping to find a way to control her anger and make up with Maya”，说明莉拉去森林是希望找到控制愤怒并与玛雅和好的方法，也就是解决她的问题。 【小题 4】第五段猫头鹰说 “Anger can be helpful in encouraging us to take action, but it can also drive us to strike out (猛烈攻击) and hurt others and ourselves. The key is to learn how to control it”，意思是愤怒既有好处也有坏处，关键是要学会控制它。“Every coin has two sides” 意思是 “事物都有两面性”，符合语境。 【小题 5】文章主要讲述了莉拉学会控制愤怒并与玛雅和好的故事，重点强调了要管理愤怒这种情绪，所以这个故事主要教给我们的人生道理是 “Anger is a feeling to be managed”。 三、阅读还原。阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余） Do you often laugh with friends? Do you giggle at jokes? If you do, that is great, because just as the saying goes: Laughter is the best medicine! People start laughing from a young age. At around three months old, babies learn to laugh. Even babies that cannot see or hear can laugh.     1     But why is it so important? First of all, laughter is good for our body. When we laugh, our body takes in more oxygen. Every part of our body needs oxygen to work well. Laughter also makes our body work out, Our heart, stomach, and even our shoulders work hard when we laugh!     2     A good laugh can help you feel relaxed for up to 45 minutes. Over time, laughter helps our body to get stronger, fight off more diseases, and even create special chemicals (化学物质) to help us feel less pain! Laughter also has many benefits for our mood.     3     Laughing also causes our brain to produce chemicals that make us feel calm and happy. Scientists even think that smiling often is enough to increase these chemicals in our brain. But it is not always easy to laugh on our own. We are 30 times more likely to laugh when we are around others.     4     Monkeys clean each other’s fur to show friendship. But people laugh so that others will know that they are being friendly. Some people even join laughing groups. Although they force (迫使) themselves to laugh at first, after hearing other people laugh, their laughter becomes real!     5     The next time you feel unhappy, try thinking about something funny. Although you might not want to laugh when you are sad, doing so can make you feel better! A．Laughter is a natural part of life! B．People laugh more often when they are alone. C．But after we laugh, our muscles (肌肉) feel more relaxed. D．Before long, the whole group of people is laughing hard. E．When we laugh, it makes us feel less stressed or worried, and things will not seem so bad. F．According to some scientists, laughter can show others that we want to be close to them. 【答案】【小题 1】A【小题 2】C【小题 3】E【小题 4】F【小题 5】D 【导语】本文主要介绍了笑对身体、情绪和社交的益处，强调笑是最好的良药，并鼓励人们多笑。 【小题 1】前文说婴儿从三个月大就会笑，甚至看不见听不见的婴儿也能笑，此处应总结笑是天性的一部分，引出后文 “为什么它如此重要”。A 项 “Laughter is a natural part of life!” 符合。 【小题 2】前文说笑让身体各部分努力工作，后文说一次大笑能让你放松长达 45 分钟，此处应作为过渡，说明笑后肌肉更放松。C 项 “But after we laugh, our muscles (肌肉) feel more relaxed.” 正确。 【小题 3】本段讲笑对情绪的好处。空白后说 “Laughing also causes our brain to produce chemicals...”，空白处应先说明笑能减轻压力、忧虑。E 项 “When we laugh, it makes us feel less stressed or worried, and things will not seem so bad.” 符合。 【小题 4】前文说我们和别人在一起时更容易笑（30 倍），后文用猴子理毛类比，说明人用笑表示友好。因此空白处应指出笑能表达亲近。F 项 “According to some scientists, laughter can show others that we want to be close to them.” 正确。 【小题 5】前文说有人参加笑声团体，起初强迫自己笑，但听到别人笑后变得真实，空白处应描述最终结果 —— 整个群体大笑。D 项 “Before long, the whole group of people is laughing hard.” 符合。 思维创新 任务型阅读。 We all have unhappy times. That’s OK. You need times like this, or how can you make yourself happy? You will enjoy your good times even in your bad days. Although sadness is part of life, don’t take it too seriously. Let’s make the part small. Here are some good ways to help you feel better when you are sad. Smile ! It’s easy to do and have good results. This way can not only make you happy but also bring your friends happiness. Listen to music. Listening to music you like best can be very useful. Some kinds of music are better than others, so try to find out what kind of music is the best for you. Take some “me” time. You can be happy in reading a book, seeing a movie, taking a hot shower or something like those. Exercise. It is a great way to make you happy. When you are exercising, you usually feel excited and it is easy to forget unhappy things. These ways will help you feel better when you are unhappy, but don’t just use them when you are sad. Try to practise them every day to make them a habit. But if you are in deep depression（沮丧）, please see a doctor. 1.What does the writer think of sadness in our life? __________________（不少于 20 词） 2—4 题 根据短文内容补全表格 Way to cheer up Specific details Advantage Smile Just do it easily 2.____________________（不少于 6 个词） 3.________ Listen to your favourite music It’s very useful for you Take "me" time Do relaxing things alone 4.____________________（不少于 8 个词） 5.Why should we practise these good ways every day? __________________（不少于 10 词） 答案: 1.The writer thinks sadness is a common part of life and we shouldn’t take it too seriously. 2.Make ourselves and friends happy 3.Listen to music 4.We can enjoy ourselves and relax quietly 5.Because we can form a good habit to deal with unhappiness anytime 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit3 Growing Up（原卷版） Section B How can we stay positive? 第五课时 (Section B Vocabulary in use 2a-2c) 分层作业 基础知识累积 词汇夯基 一、请根据所给的首字母、音标或汉语提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1.If we see b________ at school, we should stop it and protect the weak students. 2. It’s n________ to feel upset when we fail an exam, and talking helps a lot. 3. My sister and I think ________ (不同地) about many things—she likes action movies, but I prefer comedies. 4. We should think twice before saying something ________ (刻薄的) to others. 5.He has a n________ attitude towards his job. 6. He had to l________ down because he felt dizzy. 7.Rules are everywhere! They tell us how to ________ [bɪ'heɪv]. 8.John's favourite subject is ['fiziks] 二、根据语境，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 mad joyful thank deep relax            1. It is ____ (joy) to listen to music and take a cup of coffee on a sunny afternoon. 2. Jack is ________ (thank) to his teacher for helping him with English. 3. Don’t stay too close to the lake. It is the second ________ (deep) lake in our town. 4. Taking a deep breath can help you feel more ________ (relax). 5. You take a deep _____ (breathe) first and then begin to write on the exam paper. 6.Don't get____ at your friends over small things. 句型及短语聚焦 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.如果你的朋友很生气，告诉他先冷静下来，再好好沟通。 If your friend is angry, tell him to ________ ________ before talking. 2. 我们会发现作者看世界的方式是不一样的。 We can find that the writers see the world __________. 3. 深呼吸，你会感觉更放松。 ________ ________ ________ ________ and you will feel more ________. 4.校园生活会让人疲惫，学生们也会时不时感到紧张无助。 School life can be tiring, and students may feel nervous and helpless ___ __ ___ __. 5.冲父母喊叫来表明你的怒火是很粗鲁的。 It’s very rude of you to ________ ________ your parents to show your anger. 6.他因为她迟到而对她大发雷霆。 He ________ ________ ________ her because she was late. 7.她从梦境中醒来。 She ________ ________ from her dream. 8.人们在压力下会有不同的行为。 People can ________ differently under ________. 应用素养提升 能力提升 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 normal, joy,relaxed, wake, sleep, lie, at, bully, mad lie It is normal for us to have different feelings every day. Last night, Lily _1__ awake for a long time. She felt _2.__and sad because she met __3__ at school. Some classmates shouted _4___ her and made her upset. She couldn’t fall __5___ at all. Early this morning, she __6___up with a bad mood. Luckily, her teacher talked with her patiently and told her it was not her fault. Soon Lily felt __7__ and peaceful again. She was so __8___ to her kind teacher. Later, she played games with her best friends. She had a _9___ afternoon and finally forgot her unhappiness. It’s __10___ to have bad feelings, but we can always find a way to cheer ourselves up. 拓展培优 1、 阅读理解。   Once upon a time, in a small village in the middle of a forest, there lived a young girl named Lila. Lila was known throughout the village for her very bad temper. She would often get angry at her friends and family, and her anger would sometimes get the best of her. One day, Lila and her best friend Maya were playing a game when Lila suddenly fell down. Maya laughed, thinking Lila was just playful and that it didn’t hurt at all, but Lila didn’t see it that way. She felt embarrassed (尴尬的). Without thinking, Lila got angry at Maya, calling her names and pushing her away. Maya was hurt and didn’t understand why, and she ran off crying. Lila was left alone, feeling sorry about her actions. That night, Lila couldn’t sleep. She kept thinking about what she had done to Maya. She knew she had to make things right, but she didn’t know how. The next day, Lila went into the forest, hoping to find a way to control her anger and make up with Maya. She saw a wise old owl (猫头鹰) in a tree. “Hello, young girl,” the owl said. “What brings you here?” Lila explained her situation to the owl. The owl said,     1    . Anger can be helpful in encouraging us to take action, but it can also drive us to strike out (猛烈攻击) and hurt others and ourselves. The key is to learn how to control it. The owl then gave Lila a small stone and asked her to carry it with her, saying that whenever she felt angry, she could hold it in her hand and take three deep breaths. It wasn’t easy at first, but with practice, Lila learned how to control her anger and think before she acted. She also said sorry to Maya and promised never to let her anger hurt Maya again. Maya forgave her, and they became even closer than before. 1. The underlined part “get the best of” in the first paragraph means “________”. A．calm down B．take control of C．make fun of D．bring out the best in 2. Why did Maya laugh when Lila fell down? A．She felt embarrassed. B．She wanted to embarrass Lila. C．She thought Lila did that just for fun. D．She laughed every time someone fell down. 3. Lila went to the forest to ________. A．meet the wise old owl B．look for her friend Maya C．find a way to solve her problem D．forget about all her unhappiness 4. Which of the following can be put in ________? A．You can’t win it all. B．Every coin has two sides. C．Try to look on the bright side. D．Don’t be too hard on yourself. 5. What life lesson does the story mainly teach us? A．Nature is the best classroom. B．Anger is a feeling to be managed. C．Friendship means going through tests. D．True friends always forgive each other. 三、阅读还原。阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余） Do you often laugh with friends? Do you giggle at jokes? If you do, that is great, because just as the saying goes: Laughter is the best medicine! People start laughing from a young age. At around three months old, babies learn to laugh. Even babies that cannot see or hear can laugh.     1     But why is it so important? First of all, laughter is good for our body. When we laugh, our body takes in more oxygen. Every part of our body needs oxygen to work well. Laughter also makes our body work out, Our heart, stomach, and even our shoulders work hard when we laugh!     2     A good laugh can help you feel relaxed for up to 45 minutes. Over time, laughter helps our body to get stronger, fight off more diseases, and even create special chemicals (化学物质) to help us feel less pain! Laughter also has many benefits for our mood.     3     Laughing also causes our brain to produce chemicals that make us feel calm and happy. Scientists even think that smiling often is enough to increase these chemicals in our brain. But it is not always easy to laugh on our own. We are 30 times more likely to laugh when we are around others.     4     Monkeys clean each other’s fur to show friendship. But people laugh so that others will know that they are being friendly. Some people even join laughing groups. Although they force (迫使) themselves to laugh at first, after hearing other people laugh, their laughter becomes real!     5     The next time you feel unhappy, try thinking about something funny. Although you might not want to laugh when you are sad, doing so can make you feel better! A．Laughter is a natural part of life! B．People laugh more often when they are alone. C．But after we laugh, our muscles (肌肉) feel more relaxed. D．Before long, the whole group of people is laughing hard. E．When we laugh, it makes us feel less stressed or worried, and things will not seem so bad. F．According to some scientists, laughter can show others that we want to be close to them. 思维创新 任务型阅读。 We all have unhappy times. That’s OK. You need times like this, or how can you make yourself happy? You will enjoy your good times even in your bad days. Although sadness is part of life, don’t take it too seriously. Let’s make the part small. Here are some good ways to help you feel better when you are sad. Smile ! It’s easy to do and have good results. This way can not only make you happy but also bring your friends happiness. Listen to music. Listening to music you like best can be very useful. Some kinds of music are better than others, so try to find out what kind of music is the best for you. Take some “me” time. You can be happy in reading a book, seeing a movie, taking a hot shower or something like those. Exercise. It is a great way to make you happy. When you are exercising, you usually feel excited and it is easy to forget unhappy things. These ways will help you feel better when you are unhappy, but don’t just use them when you are sad. Try to practise them every day to make them a habit. But if you are in deep depression（沮丧）, please see a doctor. 1.What does the writer think of sadness in our life? __________________（不少于 20 词） 2—4 题 根据短文内容补全表格 Way to cheer up Specific details Advantage Smile Just do it easily 2.____________________（不少于 6 个词） 3.________ Listen to your favourite music It’s very useful for you Take "me" time Do relaxing things alone 4.____________________（不少于 8 个词） 5.Why should we practise these good ways every day? __________________（不少于 10 词） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit3 Growing Up 第五课时(SectionB Vocabulary in use 2a-2c)知识清单 1、 重点词汇（必背 + 词性转换） 英文 音标 词性 中文释义 词性转换 joyful /ˈdʒɔɪfl/ adj. 高兴的；令人愉快的 joy (n. 高兴；快乐) angry /ˈæŋɡri/ adj. 生气的；愤怒的 anger (n. 愤怒；怒火) shocked /ʃɒkt/ adj. 震惊的；惊愕的 shock (n./v. 震惊；使震惊); shocking (adj. 令人震惊的) stressed /strest/ adj. 紧张的；有压力的 stress (n./v. 压力；使焦虑不安) worried /ˈwʌrid/ adj. 担心的；担忧的 worry (v./n. 担心；担忧) hurtful /ˈhɜːtfl/ adj. 伤人感情的；有害的 hurt (v./adj. 使受伤；受伤的) thankful /ˈθæŋkfl/ adj. 感谢的；感激的 thank (v./n. 感谢；谢意) upset /ʌpˈset/ adj./v. adj. 难过的；沮丧的；v. 使心烦；扰乱 —（过去式 / 过去分词：upset, upset） excited /ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/ adj. 兴奋的；激动的 excite (v. 使兴奋); exciting (adj. 令人兴奋的) lonely /ˈləʊnli/ adj. 孤独的；寂寞的 lone (adj. 单独的；独自的) afraid /əˈfreɪd/ adj. 害怕的；担心的 fear (n./v. 害怕；恐惧) shy /ʃaɪ/ adj. 害羞的；腼腆的 shyness (n. 害羞；腼腆) proud /praʊd/ adj. 自豪的；骄傲的 pride (n. 自豪；骄傲) calm /kɑːm/ adj./v. adj. 平静的；镇定的；v. 使平静；使镇定 calmness (n. 平静；镇定) behave /bɪˈheɪv/ v. 表现；举止得体 behavior (n. 行为；举止) differently /ˈdɪfrəntli/ adv. 不同地 different (adj. 不同的); difference (n. 差异；不同) physics /ˈfɪzɪks/ n. 物理；物理学 physical (adj. 身体的；物理的) lie /laɪ/ v. 平躺；平放；说谎 —（过去式：lay /leɪ/；过去分词：lain /leɪn/） awake /əˈweɪk/ adj. 醒着的 wake (v. 醒来；唤醒) relaxed /rɪˈlækst/ adj. 放松的；镇定的 relax (v. 放松；休息); relaxing (adj. 令人放松的) normal /ˈnɔːml/ adj. 正常的；普通的 normally (adv. 通常；正常地) mad /mæd/ adj. 很生气；疯狂的 madness (n. 疯狂；精神失常) mean /miːn/ adj./v. adj. 刻薄的；吝啬的；v. 意思是；打算 meaning (n. 意思；含义) deep /diːp/ adj. 深的；有…… 深的 deeply (adv. 深深地；深刻地); depth (n. 深度) decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/ n. 决定；抉择 decide (v. 决定；选定) bit /bɪt/ n. 一点；少量 —（短语：a bit 有点儿；稍微） 二、重点短语（必背） 动词短语类 1.shout at 冲…… 喊叫 2.wake up 醒来 3.take a deep breath 深呼吸 4.get mad at sb. 对某人生气 5.calm down 平静下来；镇定下来 固定搭配类 6.from time to time 不时；偶尔 7.a sense of belonging 归属感 8.fight the feeling of loneliness 对抗孤独感 9.behave differently 表现不同 10.say no to bullying 对霸凌说不 11.in bad ways 用不好的方式 词性转换类 12.a bit less angry 少一点生气 13.a sense of belonging 归属感 14.feelings of loneliness 孤独感 三、重点句型（必背 + 会用） 描述情绪与感受 1.A: What should I do if I feel lonely after moving to a new city? B: Try to make new friends. A sense of belonging can help you to fight the feeling of loneliness. （如果搬到新城市后感到孤独，我该怎么办？试着交新朋友，归属感能帮你对抗孤独感。） 2.I’m really worried that I’ll be late for the physics class. （我真的很担心物理课会迟到。） 3.People can behave differently under stress. （人们在压力下会表现得不一样。） 表达歉意与回应 4.A: I’m sorry I shouted at you just now. I was just feeling stressed. B: I know you didn’t mean to do that. （A:对不起，我刚才冲你大喊了，我只是压力太大了。B:我知道你不是故意的。） 情绪管理与建议 5.Although it is normal to get mad at others from time to time, we should always try our best to control our anger instead of expressing it in bad ways. （虽然偶尔对别人生气很正常，但我们应该尽力控制愤怒，而不是用不好的方式发泄。） 6.When we’re mad, we might shout at other people or say mean things to them. （当我们生气时，可能会冲别人大喊，或对他们说刻薄的话。） 7.Try taking a deep breath. That gives you an opportunity to calm down and become a little less angry. （试着深呼吸，这能给你一个冷静下来、少一点生气的机会。） 语法点拨 1. -ed /-ing 形容词辨析（情绪类） 单词 用法区别 例句 -ed 形容词（如 shocked, stressed, worried, excited, relaxed） 多用来描述人的感受，表示 “感到…… 的” I was shocked to hear the news.（听到这个消息我感到震惊。） -ing 形容词（如 shocking, stressful, worrying, exciting, relaxing） 多用来描述事物的性质，表示 “令人…… 的” It was a shocking news to me too.（这对我来说也是个令人震惊的消息。） 2. 名词后缀 -ness /-ment 表抽象名词 形容词 后缀 名词 shy -ness shyness calm -ness calmness decide -ion decision behave -ior behavior 3. 固定搭配：a bit + 形容词比较级 表示 “稍微…… 一点”，用来修饰形容词的比较级，相当于 a little。 例：become a little less angry = become a bit less angry（变得少一点生气） 五、自我检测小练习 一、根据句意及首字母 / 汉语提示写单词（每空 1 分，共 10 分） 1.She feels very l______ when she is alone at home. 2.I was s______ to hear that my best friend moved to another city. 3.Don’t be a______ to ask for help when you have problems. 4.My parents are p______ of me because I won the competition. 5.Taking a deep breath can help you stay c______ when you are angry. 6.It’s ______（正常的）to feel nervous before an exam. 7.The ______（决定）to move abroad was hard for her. 8.The teacher told us to ______（表现）well in the school library. 9.She stayed ______（醒着的）all night worrying about her sick mother. 10.Don’t say ______（刻薄的）things to others, it will hurt their feelings. 二、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空（每空 1 分，共 10 分） 1.He was ______ (stress) out because of the coming exam. 2.The ______ (lonely) is really hard for her after moving here. 3.It was ______ (shock) news that he quit his job without telling anyone. 4.I’m ______ (thank) for all the help my friends gave me. 5.She felt ______ (relax) after listening to soft music. 6.People should behave ______ (different) when they are in public places. 7.The ______ (decide) made her parents very happy. 8.The movie was so ______ (excite) that everyone cheered at the end. 9.I’m sorry I got ______ (mad) at you yesterday. 10.His ______ (behave) at the party was really bad. 三、单项选择（每小题 2 分，共 20 分） 1.— I’m afraid I’ll be late for the meeting. — Don’t ______. I’ll drive you there. A. worry B. shocked C. stressed D. afraid 2.The news was so ______ that I couldn’t believe my ears. A. shock B. shocked C. shocking D. shocks 3.She feels ______ because she has no friends here. A. alone B. lonely C. lone D. loneliness 4.My father is ______ of my good grades in the final exam. A. proud B. pride C. proudly D. prided 5.Taking a deep breath can help you ______ down when you are angry. A. calm B. calmness C. calming D. calmed 6.It’s normal to get mad at others ______ from time to time. A. in bad ways B. from time to time C. all the time D. at times 7.He was ______ excited that he couldn’t sleep last night. A. so B. such C. too D. very 8.The teacher told us to ______ shouting at each other in class. A. stop B. avoid C. keep D. practice 9.— What should I do if I feel stressed? — You can listen to some ______ music to relax. A. relax B. relaxed C. relaxing D. relaxes 10.Which of the following is a negative emotion? A. joyful B. thankful C. proud D. upset 四、按要求完成句子（每空 1 分，共 10 分） 1.He felt lonely after moving to a new city.（改为一般疑问句） ______ he ______ lonely after moving to a new city? 2.I was shocked to hear the news.（改为否定句） I ______ ______ shocked to hear the news. 3.Taking a deep breath can help you calm down.（改为同义句） Taking a deep breath can help you calm down ______ ______ ______. 4.She said mean things to her best friend.（对划线部分提问） ______ did she ______ to her best friend? 5.The decision made her parents happy.（改为同义句） Her parents were ______ of the ______. 自我检测答案 一、单词拼写 1.lonely 2.shocked 3.afraid 4.proud 5.calm 6.normal 7.decision 8.behave 9.awake 10.mean 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1.stressed 2.loneliness 3.shocking 4.thankful 5.relaxed 6.differently 7.decision 8.exciting 9.mad 10.behavior 三、单项选择 1-5: ACBAA 6-10: BABCD 四、句型转换 1.Did; feel 2.was not 3.a little 4.What; say 5.proud; decision 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $