Unit5 Nature's Temper SB1a-1e知识点讲义+当堂检测2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 5  Nature’s Temper

Section B  What can we do to prepare for the worst?

课文知识点及扩展

 

1.  What can we do to prepare for the worst?     P46  标题

我们能做些什么来为最坏的情况作准备呢？

  worst  /wɜːst/  n. 最坏的人（或事）  adj. & adv. 最坏（的）；最糟（的）

[n.] 最坏的人/事：常与定冠词 the 连用，如 prepare for the worst“为最坏的情况作准备”。

Hope for the best but prepare for the worst. 抱最好的希望，做最坏的打算。

I think the worst is over now. 我想现在最糟的情况已经过去了。

[形容词/副词用法]：是形容词bad和副词badly的最高级。

This coat is of the worst quality. 这件外套的质量最差。 （作形容词）

Of the three of us, I write worst. 我们三人中，我字写得最差。（作副词）

【随堂小练习】

1.He is the ____________(bad) student in our class at math.

2.This restaurant’s food is ____________(bad) than that one’s.

3.I hope the ____________(worst) is over.

4.She sings ____________ (bad) of all the girls in the group.

 

2.  However, Tilly refused to take a single step further.   P46 1b

   然而，蒂莉拒绝向前迈出一步。

  refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/ v. 拒绝；推却（高频）= turn down   反义词：accept

   refuse sb. / sth.  拒绝某人 / 某物

   refuse to do sth.  拒绝做某事

Jenny refused / turned down my help politely. 珍妮礼貌地拒绝了我的帮助。

We should obey the law and refuse to waste food. 我们应该遵守法律，拒绝浪费食物。

【随堂小练习】

1.She _________ (refuse) to go to the party last night.

2.The boy refused _________ (clean) his room.

3.I don’t think he will refuse _________ (help) us.

4.The company _________ (refuse) his job application (申请) yesterday.

3.  Back at the hotel, Tilly’s father told a security guard about the tsunami.   P46 1b

回到酒店，蒂莉的父亲告诉一名保安海啸的事。

 guard  /ɡɑːd/   n. 卫兵；保卫  v. 保卫

①名词用法（警卫；看守）：  a security guard 保安

When I arrived, the security guard told me to enter through the south gate.

当我到达时，保安告诉我从南门进去。

②动词用法（守卫；保卫）： guard against sth. 防止 / 防范 / 提防某事

例句1：The dog was guarding its owner’s luggage. 狗在守护着主人的行李。

例句2：We need to guard against any possible danger around us.

我们需要防范周围任何可能的危险。（徐州中考）

【随堂小练习】

1. The dog ___________ (guard) the house when we arrived.

2.We must learn to ___________ (guard) against danger.

3.The ___________ (guard) at the gate checked our tickets carefully.

4.The soldiers are ___________ (guard) the border（边界）.

4.  He jumped into action right away and rushed to get people off the beach.  P46 1b

他马上行动起来，冲过去让人们离开海滩。

rush to do sth. 匆忙做某事

Don’t rush to judge others without knowing the truth.   不知真相别急着评判他人。

【拓展】rush into (doing) sth. 急于做某事

Don’t rush into important decisions. 别急着做重大决定。

We don’t want to rush into selling the house. 我们不急着售卖房子。

【随堂小练习】

1.He _________ (rush) to catch the bus this morning.

2.Don’t rush _________ (make) a decision.

3.She rushed into _________ (tell) us the good news.

4.They need _________ (rush) to the hospital right now.

5.  Thanks to her knowledge and quick thinking, one schoolgirl was able to save over 100 lives. 

由于她的知识和敏捷的思维，一名女学生能够拯救 100 多条生命。（教材 P47 1b）

 knowledge /ˈnɒlɪdʒ/  n. 知识；学问

用法：为不可数名词，但当其前有形容词修饰时，可与不定冠词 a/an 连用。

固定搭配：have a wide knowledge of/about... 精通……

Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。（Francis Bacon 弗朗西斯・培根）

He has a wide knowledge of painting and music. 他在绘画和音乐方面知识渊博。

【拓展词形链】

know v. 知道；了解 → knowledge n. 知识；学问 → knowledgeable adj. 知识渊博的

【随堂小练习】

1.He has a wide ____________ (know) of history.

2.She is very _______________ (knowledge)about computers.

3.I don’t ____________(knowledge) where he lives.

4.____________ (knowledgeable) is the key to success.

6.  Tilly’s family went back to the hotel, except for her mother.  P47 1c

蒂莉的家人都回到了酒店，除了她的母亲。

except for 除…… 之外

辨析 except/except for 与 besides 含义相同，都表示排除；

①  except/except for  除…… 之外（排除其后的人 / 事物，含 “减去” 的意思） 

1. All the boys came except (for) Tom.（排除汤姆）

2. Except for the ending, the movie was perfect.除了结尾，这部电影堪称完美。

（在句子开头，只能用 except for） 

②  besides 除…… 之外（还有）（包含其后的人 / 事物，含 “加上” 的意思）

Besides maths, I also like physics. 除了数学，我还喜欢物理。（两门都喜欢）

【随堂小练习】

1.All the students went to the park ______ Li Ming. He was ill.

A. except  B. besides   C. with    D. for

2.______ some spelling mistakes, your composition is good.

A. Except  B. Except for   C. Besides   D. But

3.______ English, he also studies French.

A. Except  B. Except for   C. Besides    D. Without

7.  Tilly’s father believed her as soon as she told her family about the strong waves.  P47 1c

蒂莉一告诉她的家人有关大浪的事情，她的父亲就相信了她。

as soon as ——…… 就……（高频）同义短语为 the minute (that)

用法：引导时间状语从句，强调主句和从句动作几乎同时发生。遵循“主将从现” 规则。

He took out his English book as soon as/the minute (that) he sat down.

他一坐下就拿出了他的英语书。

关键语法：遵循“主将从现” 规则。在 as soon as 引导的时间状语从句中，如果主句用一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。

As soon as/The minute that we arrive, we’ll go on a tour of the city.

我们一到，就会游览这个城市。（盐城中考）

【随堂小练习】

1.I _________ (call) you as soon as I _________ (get) home.