2026届高三英语应用文写作之高分技巧课件

高考应用文写作之高分技巧 一、审题：精准破题，避免“跑题丢分” 审题的核心是“抓全关键信息，明确写作要求”，高考应用文审题常考“五要素”，缺一不可，避免因遗漏信息导致档次下降。 审体裁：明确是书信（感谢信、邀请信、建议信等）、通知、演讲稿、倡议书还是留言条，不同体裁有固定格式（如书信的称呼、结尾落款，通知的标题、落款时间）。 审对象：确定写作对象（老师、同学、家长、陌生人、组委会等），匹配对应的语气——对长辈/老师用礼貌正式语气（如Dear Teacher, I am writing to...），对同学/朋友用亲切自然语气（如Dear Tom, I’m glad to tell you that...），语气错位会严重影响得分。 审目的：明确写作核心意图（邀请、感谢、建议、求助、通知事项等），所有内容必须围绕目的展开，避免无关信息堆砌（如邀请信重点写“邀请原因、活动细节”，无需多余的寒暄铺垫）。 审要点：圈画题干中“必须包含的要点”（高考题干常标注“注意：1. 内容需包含……；2. ……”），确保每个要点都覆盖，不遗漏、不添加无中生有内容，要点不全直接降档。 审字数：高考应用文要求80-100词（或100左右），字数不足或超出过多（±10词外）会扣分，审题时提前规划“每个要点的篇幅”，避免结尾仓促或内容冗余。 二、谋篇布局：逻辑清晰，结构规范 应用文得分的核心是“结构清晰、层次分明”，无需复杂句式，重点是“格式规范+逻辑连贯”，近三年高考应用文偏爱“三段式”布局，适配所有体裁，简单易操作。 （一）通用三段式布局 开头段（1-2句）：开门见山，点明意图无需冗长铺垫，直接说明“写作目的+简要背景”，用固定句式开篇，简洁高效，避免中式表达。示例：书信开头——Dear Sir/Madam, I am writing to apply for the position of volunteer in the upcoming English speech contest.（申请信）；通知开头——Notice, A school English corner will be held in the school library to improve students’ oral English skills.（通知） 2. 中间段（3-4句）：紧扣要点，合理展开按题干要点顺序展开，每个要点用1句话清晰表达，用逻辑连接词衔接（如firstly, besides, finally, therefore等），避免要点混乱。重点注意：① 要点不遗漏；② 表达简洁，不用复杂从句；③ 贴合写作对象语气。示例：建议信中间段——Firstly, we should arrange more oral English activities to practice our speaking skills. Besides, it’s necessary to invite foreign teachers to give us guidance regularly. Finally, we should form the habit of speaking English in daily life.（三点建议，逻辑清晰） 3. 结尾段（1-2句）：总结收尾，贴合体裁根据体裁补充结尾，如书信结尾“表达期待/感谢/祝福”，通知结尾“提醒注意事项/欢迎参与”，倡议书结尾“发出呼吁”，结尾需简洁，与开头呼应。示例：邀请信结尾——I sincerely hope you can accept my invitation and join us. Looking forward to your reply.；倡议书结尾——Let’s work together to achieve our goal and make our school better. 体裁 开头段重点 中间段重点 结尾段重点 书信（邀请/感谢/建议） 称呼+写作目的 核心要点（邀请原因/感谢事由/具体建议） 祝福+期待回复 通知 标题（Notice）+活动目的/主题 时间、地点、参与人员、活动内容 提醒注意事项+联系方式（可选） 演讲稿 问候+自我介绍+演讲主题 核心观点+具体事例/建议 总结+呼吁/感谢 倡议书 称呼+倡议背景/目的 具体倡议内容（2-3点） 发出呼吁+展望 高频体裁布局细节 高 分 技 巧 高 级 词 汇 高 级 句 式 衔 接 词 visit important like solve busy use pay a visit to of importance be keen on/have a passion for cope with have a busy schedule make use of/ take advantage of 高级词汇 一、单词 短语 besides→in addition/what's more 另外 （1）另外，著名艺术家会现场表演如何剪纸。(2017·全国卷Ⅱ) Practice makes perfect. In addition，there are famous artists who will perform how to cut paper on the spot. （2）如果您能考虑我的请求我将不胜感激。 consider→take...into consideration/account 考虑 Practice makes perfect. I would really appreciate it if you could take my request into consideration. （3）我记得你上次来我们学校时给我看了许多关于这个主题的照片。 many→a large number of 许多 Practice makes perfect. I remember you showed me a large number of photos on the theme last time you visited our school. （4）记住在截止日期前申请会员资格。 remember→keep/bear in mind 记住 Practice makes perfect. What you should keep in mind is that you have to apply for membership before the deadline. （5）只有通过这个活动你才能理解这个传统节日。(2017·全国卷Ⅱ) understand→have a better understanding of 理解 Practice makes perfect. Only through the activity can you have a better understanding of the traditional Chinese festival. （6）收到你的信，知道你要来中国我很开心。 very→more than非常 Practice makes perfect. I'm more than delighted to receive your letter and know you're coming to China. I'm more than pleased to receive your letter saying that you are coming to China. help→lend a hand帮助 （7）我想知道你是否能帮我润色我的申请信。 Practice makes perfect. I wonder if you could lend me a hand to polish my application. （8）河沿岸美丽的风景肯定会吸引你。 It's certain that the amazing scenery along the river will appeal to you. The wonderful scenery along the river will surely catch your interest/ eye. Practice makes perfect. attract→ appeal to / catch one's eye / draw one's attention 2)Our school is in the centre of the city. 1)Tom broke his leg last week. Tom had his leg broken last week. Our school is located in the centre of the city. 二、 普通表达 更地道的表达 4)Thank you very much. Words fail to convey/ express my sincere gratitude to you. 3)It is probable that not everyone around you wants to join you in what you are doing. Chances are that not everyone around you is ready to join you in what you are doing. 5） Great changes have happened in China in the last 30 years. China has witnessed great changes in the last 30 years. The last 30 years have witnessed great changes in China. have to very thank great important be sure to do... approach can not help but extremely/ pretty/ terribly appreciate fantastic, brilliant significant / fundamental be bound to do... draw near/ be around the corner 三、普通词汇 高级词汇 work hard pay attention to emphasize more and more in fact be fond of think improve work diligently value/attach importance to highlight an increasing number of as a matter of fact have a great passion for hold the view that... polish 三、普通词汇 高级词汇 be busy with→be engaged in忙于 （1）我将积极参与全运会志愿者工作。 be active in→get actively involved in 积极参与 （2）随着高考的临近，我正忙于准备考试。 I will get actively involved in the volunteer work for the National Games. With the college entrance examination drawing near， I'm engaged in preparing for it. （3）我希望你能利用这次机会进一步学习中国传统文化。 use→take advantage of chance→opportunity （4）我精通英语被选为英语老师的课代表。 do well in→have a good command of做得好 I wish you could take advantage of this opportunity to learn traditional Chinese culture further. I have such a good command of English that I serve as assistant to my English teacher. 四、词汇不重复 clever have a good time great exciting/ impressive be sure to do... think of ... smart/intelligent/brilliant enjoy oneself fantastic, brilliant breathtaking be bound to do... come up with 1．陈述不如倒装妙 倒装句是一种简单易行的使句子呈现亮点的方法。开头用否定词、地点状语、only＋状语，so＋形容词/副词＋that，形容词＋as＋主语…… e.g. 你这么勤奋我很乐意教你。 So diligent are you that I'm more than delighted to teach you. 高级句式 2．强调省略很精彩 强调句可以突出强调某一部分内容，吸引读者的注意，而省略句可以使句子更简洁、明快。 这个故事所传递的精神最为重要。 It is the spirit that the story conveys that really matters. 按照计划，下周日将在当地博物馆举行艺术展。 As scheduled，an art exhibition will be held next Sunday in the local museum. 3．主动不如被动巧 被动语态符合英语表达习惯，如在文章中利用两个被动语态的句子，会使整篇文章句式丰富。 我将非常感激你及时的帮助。 Your timely help will be highly appreciated. To get admitted，I have made good preparations, trying to know as much as I could about Tianjin. 4．非谓语结构不可少 为了被录取，我做了充分准备，努力深入了解天津。 5．虚拟语气最委婉 虚拟语气在写作中的使用可以使表达更委婉，更吸引阅卷老师的注意力。 没有你的善良和慷慨，在英国旅行时我就不会玩得这么开心。 Without your kindness and generosity，I would not have enjoyed myself so much when visiting England. 6．各类从句添亮点 你提到作为回报你可以教英语，这是我一直期望的。 You mentioned you'd like to teach English in return， which is exactly what I'm dying for.(定语从句和名词性从句) 我建议你利用这次机会加入我们校队。 My advice is that you take this opportunity to participate in our school team.(名词性从句) (1) It is widely/generally/universally acknowledged/ believed that ... 人们普遍认为…… 人们普遍认为,阅读经典既重要又有益于青少年的性格发展和个人成长。 It is widely acknowledged that reading classics is both important and beneficial to the character development and personal growth of teenagers. 常用经典句式 (2) It goes without saying that ...; There is no doubt that ... 毋庸置疑…… 毋庸置疑,时间对我们来说是很宝贵的。 It goes without saying that time is precious for us. (3) There is no denying that ... 不可否认…… 不可否认,在我们学校食堂里可以看到浪费食物的现象。 There is no denying that food waste can be seen in our school canteen. (4) As the old saying goes ... 俗话说…… 俗话说,“诚实才是上策。” As the old saying goes, “Honesty is the best policy.” (5) It occurs to me that ... 我突然想到…… 我突然想到我可能把手机落在出租车上了。 It occurs to me that I might have left my mobile phone in the taxi. (6) On doing ..., ... 一……就…… can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事 一回到家,我就迫不及待地把照片和经历与我的父母分享。 On returning home, I couldn't wait to share the photos and experiences with my parents. (7) make joint efforts to do sth 齐心协力做某事 让我们齐心协力创造一个绿色、和谐的环境。 Let's make joint efforts to create a green and harmonious environment. (8) take effective measures to do sth 采取有效措施做某事 我们必须采取有效措施阻止病毒的传播。 We must take effective measures to stop the virus from spreading. (9) as+形容词/副词+as sb can 某人尽可能…… 你应该尽可能书写漂亮,以便老师能够看清楚。 You should write as beautifully as you can so that the teacher can read clearly. 过渡词语就像纽带一样把文章紧紧连接起来，更像润滑剂，使文章衔接流畅。 1．文章或段落起始常用的过渡词语 to begin with(首先)，first of all(第一，首先)，in the first place(首先)，as you know(如你所知)，as is known to all (众所周知)，as is shown in...(正如……展示的那样) 衔接词 2．文章或段落结尾常用的过渡词语 therefore/thus(因此)，in conclusion(总之，最后)， in brief(简言之)，to sum up(总而言之)， in a word(总之)，generally speaking(总体上讲)， on the whole(总的说来) 3．常用的表示先后次序的过渡词语 first(第一)，second(第二)，next(其次，然后)， last but not least(最后但同样重要)， eventually(最后，最终)，since then(从那以后)， afterwards(以后，后来)，meanwhile(同时)， finally(最后，最终) 3．常用的表示先后次序的过渡词语 适用于两点的情况： on the one hand，on the other hand； for one thing，for another。 适用于三点或以上的情况： to begin with，then，furthermore，finally； to start with，next，in addition，last but not least； most important of all，moreover，finally。 4．常用的表示因果关系的过渡词语 accordingly/consequently(因此，所以)， for this reason(由于这个原因)， as a result of(作为……结果)， due to/thanks to(由于……)， therefore/thus(因此)， because of(由于) in contrast with(与……相比)， similarly(同样)， on the contrary(相反)， different from(与……不同)， on the other hand(另一方面) 5．常用的表示比较和对比的过渡词语 6．常用的表示举例的过渡词语 that is to say(也就是说)， for instance/example(例如) such as... indeed(的确)， in particular(尤其，特别)， surely (当然) 7．常用的表示强调的过渡词语 8．常用的表示观点的过渡词语 personally from my perspective in my opinion as far as I'm concerned I'm fully convinced that... summary 词汇 句式 衔接词 Practice makes perfect. Thank you ! $