2026届高考英语阅读理解之推理判断题解题技巧 课件

高考英语阅读理解 之推理判断题解题策略 Strategies for Reading Comprehension —Inference Questions 1 Learning Objectives By the end of the lesson, you will be able to: 1.Know the main forms of inference . 2.Acquire the skills for inference questions in reading. 3.Use the strategies properly and solve the problems accurately. 2 cleaner “I was watering the flowers in the yard.” Who might be the thief ? And why? Lead-in A rich man lived alone in a big house. One cold winter night, someone stole his expensive watch. The police asked three servants where they were and what they were doing. gardener Inference(推断) “I was preparing the car for tomorrow’s trip.” “I was tidying up the living room.” driver PART I 明考情 The regular pattern of reading comprehension Part 1 Introduction of Inference Questions 一、考纲解读 推理判断题属于主观性很强的高层次阅读理解题，通常要求考生不仅要理解原文的文字信息，而且还要进行一定的判断和推理并以此推断出文章的隐含意义。做这类题目时，要严格依据作者所陈述的细节事实以及作者的措辞、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断从而得出符合逻辑的结论。此时应特别注意要从文章的内在含义和字里行间中获取信息， 客观地从作者的态度和取向，不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法，脱离原文的主观臆断都是错误的。切记不要误认为是在问“你”的想法。 年份 卷别 文体 题型 A篇 B篇 C篇 D篇 细节 理解 推理 判断 主旨 大意 词句 猜测 2025 新高考I卷 应用文 记叙文 议论文 说明文 7 6 1 1 新高考II卷 应用文 记叙文 说明文 说明文 8 4 2 1 2024 新高考I卷 应用文 记叙文 议论文 说明文 9 4 1 1 新高考II卷 应用文 新闻报道 说明文 书 评 9 4 1 1 2023 新高考I卷 应用文 记叙文 说明文 说明文 6 7 1 1 新高考II卷 应用文 记叙文 说明文 说明文 9 4 1 1 2022 新高考I卷 应用文 记叙文 说明文 说明文 7 6 1 1 新高考II卷 应用文 记叙文 说明文 说明文 8 5 1 1 2021 新高考I卷 应用文 记叙文 说明文 说明文 8 4 2 1 新高考II卷 应用文 记叙文 说明文 说明文 10 3 1 1 2021 -2025高考阅读理解考查点分布 阅读理解注意事项： 阅读留痕很重要，验证选择更重要 1.题文同读。先审题(关键词)，带着问题用笔在原文中相关的语 句或段落旁标注题号。做到有理有据。 2.抓住每篇文章首末段，每段首末句，快速抓住文章主旨。 3.考生不要加入自己的思想观点，要跟作者产生共鸣。 4.每篇短文的设题顺序基本是按照文章段落的顺序设置。 5.正确的选项是对原文中关键句的同义替换。(这种解题方法适应于细节题、猜词题、推断题。) 6.善用排除法。选项的迷惑项一般是概括过度(太片面太绝对)偷换概念，以偏概全，无中生有(虽然说得很对，但和文章一点关系都没有) 把握文章中心主题是关键，高考阅读题中每道题都离不开中心! 阅读理解文体特点: A篇应用文，主要考细节， 独特性:special/unique/only/especially等 共性:have sth. in common/common feature 中心:出处/为谁而写/写作目的 B篇记叙文:夹叙夹议/叙述故事里增加科普知识 para1:引出主要人物和话题 Para2--4:故事发展的前因，曲折发展过程(及结果)。 Para5:结果并升华(结果一定是好的) CD篇以科普说明文为主 para1: Finding/Study Para2-4: Study method/Result/Advantage/Limitation Para5: Value/Prospect/Application 新科技新事物类语篇结构 【引入】问题/背景-----引出新事物 【解释】工作原理/特点/优势 【对比】与传统方式的优劣比较 【展望】未来发展/应用前景/社会意义 1. 推断隐含意义 2.推断写作目的和意图 3. 推断观点态度 5. 推断人物/事件特征 推理判断题类型 7.推断下文内容 4.推断文章出处 6.推断目标读者 8.推断写作手法 PART II 知策略 Strategies for Reading Comprehension —Inference Questions 隐含信息推断题要求考生根据文章中的信息(某个或某些句子、段落或全文的信息)进行合理的、适度的逻辑推断。 推断出作者没有直接说明的内容、可能会发生的事情等，理解作者的言外之意或深层含义。一般此类题干中主要包括六个动词:infer(推断)，indicate(表明/暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，conclude(推断)和assume(假定/设想) can we learn/know, best describe… 设问形式： (1)What can be inferred/concluded from the passage/first paragraph？ (2) What does the author indicate/want to say/want to show by...? (3)The passage indicates/suggests/implies that . (4)The writer/author indicates/suggests/implies that . (5) Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? 1. 推断隐含信息题 解题步骤： 一找 将题干中的about或from之后的内容或infer后that从句的主语作为定位词，找到文中的信息句或信息段落 二理 理解信息句的字面意思 三推 依据字面意思，进行符合情理的推断 四比比较各选项，确定答案 干扰项特征 1.无中生有 文中无信息支撑 2. 黑白颠倒 与文中所述事实相反 3.张冠李戴 利用文中词语迷惑考生 4.简单重复 仅为文中信息的简单重复，而非推断的结论 5.推理过度 选项过于绝对化或片面化，有时会出现only, all等词语。 6.掺入常识：根据考生已有常识是正确的，但不是根据文章中的证据推断出来的结论。 注意：推理判断的结论不是文章中的原句，而是在文章基础上，通过逻辑推理推断出新的判断。 But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: “Why is writing important?” Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. This would have to change. 25. Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay? A. They were not given enough time. B. They had a very limited vocabulary. C. They misunderstood the question. D. They had little interest in the topic. 1.2025新高考I卷B D 解析:D推理判断题。根据第二段中“Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important.可推知，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。故选D。 2.2025新高考I卷C …Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well. Although these campaigns were wide-spread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesi-gned around the needs of the motor car: The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world. 30. What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s? A.They turned out largely ineffective. B.They boosted the sales of cars. C.They won government support. D.They advocated building new parks. 第一步:定位关键词+锁定区间第二步:分析逻辑关系“Although......形成转折关系。让步状语从句“Although”后的主句是作者强调的内容:尽管运动广泛，但城市仍围绕汽车需求重新设计第三步:合理推断运动未能阻止城市规划的改变，因此效果不佳。 A 3.2025新高考II卷C Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused food? Mine does. Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant, supermarket, and supply chain industries. From technological solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we‘re already growing. But last month,one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way: It changed its menu to exclusively (专门) offer food that would… 32. What can be inferred about theauthor‘s early life? A,He witnessed food shortage. B. He enjoyed the local cuisine. C. He donated food to Africans. D. He helped to cook at home. 第一步:锁定区间通过关键词定位到第一段。第二步:寻找信号词与逻辑关系信号词“starving”(挨饿)提示粮食短缺第三步:分析隐含含义作者提到在南非长大，且“非洲有孩子在挨饿”这句话对他来说是令人不安的事实提醒，暗示他成长环境中亲身经历了或深刻意识到食物短缺问题。 A 4.2026年T8联考卷B Later, I went to school. The room served every purpose: school, kitchen, bedroom, even a chicken house and a piggery. Our studies were constantly disturbed by little pigs rubbing(蹭)against our legs or by the hen and her chicks, or by the smells of cooking. But my passion for animals and plants progressed of itself, fueled by the country school's continuous offerings-from studying the pigeon on my book to collecting snails, catching frogs, and admiring beetles in the fields. Thus, in this chaos, the future observer taught himself. 26. What does the description of the school mainly suggest? A.The lively classes attracted animals. B. The students lacked interest in learning. C. The animals became a threat to students. D.The environment presented barriers 解析：第一步:锁定区间第二步:寻找信号词与逻辑关系信号词“constantly disturbed by"后列举多个并列干扰因索:小猪蹭腿、母鸡小鸡、烹饪气味。第三步:分析隐含含义通过列举具体干扰，暗示学习环混乱、存在障碍，而非直接陈述。 D 5. 2026年浙江首考卷D Our cooperation is truly proof of what makes Salk science so special and impactful," says Pereira. "We’re not just 'borrowing' from different disciplines - we're really putting them on equal footing in order to create something greater than the sum of its parts. 35. What can be inferred from Pereira's words? A. Academic disciplines are of equal importance. B. Computer programming is a must for scientists. C. Interdisciplinary approach promotes creativity. D. Cooperation outweighs competition in research. 解析：第一步:锁定区间一定位到最后一段Pereira的引语。第二步:寻找信号词与逻辑关系引l中“not just ‘borrowing’ from different disciplines”和“ putting them on equal footing ”表示跨学科合作;“create something greater than the sum成果。第三步:分析隐含含义一通过对比“借用”与“平等合作”，暗示跨学科创造力。 C 2. 推断写作目的和意图 此类题型要求考生根据文章的论述，推测作者的写作意图及应用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接表明自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。 一般来说，我们可以通过分析文章的文体特点，理解作者的词句选择和识别文章的语气来推断出作者的写作意图。 设问方式 What is the main purpose of the author writing the text? Why does the author list /mention….? What does the author want to say by mentioning …? The fact…is mentioned by the author is to show________. The writer of the story wants to tell us that________. 解题方法 1.文体推断法 广告应用文：推销产品或服务，吸引顾客、游客、订户等;鼓励捐赠等 to attract visitors/ to sell a product/appeal/promote/advertise/encourage 记叙文：讲述故事或分享经历，愉悦读者，或表达作者之情感，感悟或启示 to tell a story/ to share an experience/ to entertain readers /inspire/ convey 说明文：介绍某一事物或解释某一现象to introduce/ explain/ inform /advocate... 新闻报道类：旨在客观传递时事信息（事件起因、经过与结果），反映社会现实， 引导读者了解热点，体现新闻价值与舆论导向。to inform/report... 议论文 ：说服作者接受某一观点或提倡某种做法，to prove /analyze/ show/ argue 2.写作手法之目的 开篇提问——让读者关注主题 讲述相关之事——引出主题或提供背景 举例、引语或数据—— 证明某一观点或说明某个主题 1.2025・新高考 I 卷・C 篇・30 题 While online education offers flexibility, it lacks the face-to-face interaction that many students need. Teachers report that some students struggle to stay motivated without in-person guidance. This is not to say online learning is useless, but it cannot fully replace traditional classrooms. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the paragraph? A. To criticize the disadvantages of online education. B. To explain why traditional classrooms are better. C. To show the limitations of online education. D. To encourage students to attend offline classes. 解析：先肯定网课灵活性，再转折指出缺乏面对面互动、学生动力不足，最后总结 “无法完全替代传统课堂”。作者辩证分析、客观指出网课局限性，而非单纯批评（A）、否定网课或强推线下（B、D），选 C。 C 2.2024・全国甲卷・D 篇・29 题 Great philosophers, from Aristotle to Confucius, have argued that happiness comes from living a virtuous life. In modern times, positive psychology has confirmed this ancient wisdom: helping others, being kind, and acting with integrity lead to greater happiness. Why does the author list great philosophers in Paragraph 4? A. To compare different philosophical views. B. To emphasize the importance of happiness. C. To support the link between virtue and happiness. D. To introduce the history of positive psychology. 解析：作者先列举亚里士多德、孔子等哲学家的观点（幸福源于美德生活），再用现代积极心理学佐证。举例目的是论证 “美德与幸福相关” 这一核心观点，选 C。A（对比观点）、B（强调幸福重要性）、D（介绍心理学历史）均偏离。 C 3.2024・新高考 I 卷・B 篇・27 题 The American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association (AHVMA) notes that 70% of pet owners report their pets show reduced anxiety after using CBD products. Such findings have led to a growing interest in CBD for pets. Why does the author mention the AHVMA? A. To introduce an organization. B. To support the use of CBD for pets. C. To explain the causes of pet anxiety. D. To compare different treatment methods. B 解析：作者引用权威机构（AHVMA）的调查数据（70% 宠物主人反馈焦虑减轻），属于引用论据支撑观点，目的是证明 CBD 产品对缓解宠物焦虑有效，选 B。A（介绍机构）非目的；C、D 无依据。 4.2023・新高考 II 卷・C 篇・31 题 Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader? A. The printed book is not totally out of date. B. Technology has changed the way we read. C. Our lives in the 21st century are networked. D. People now rarely have the patience to read. A 解析:核心句：but it remains as interactive as any e-reader（纸质书和电子书阅读器一样具有互动性）。作者用 e-reader 作对比，反驳 “纸质书过时” 的观点，强调其仍有价值、未被淘汰，选 A。B、C、D 偏离段落主旨。 3. 推断人物观点态度题 在理解文意的基础上，就作者或文中人物对某个人或事物所持的态度进行推理判断。有时文中没有直接表明相关人物的观点态度的词句，考生需要结合文中描述该人物语气、动作、表情的词句及他人的评价等信息来推断其观点或态度。尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子，推断出作者的弦外之音。 作者的态度和观点无非也就是三种：褒义/贬义/中性. 褒义 (Positive) 贬义 (Negative) 中性 (Neutral) appreciative(欣赏的) critical (批判的) objective (客观的) approving/favorable (赞成的) disapproving (不赞成的) neutral(中立的) supportive (支持的) doubtful /suspicious(怀疑的) impartial (公正的) affirmative(同意的) skeptical (怀疑的) unbiased(无偏见的) optimistic (乐观的) pessimistic (悲观的) ambiguous(模棱两可的) favorable(赞同的) dismissive(轻视的) cautious(谨慎的)unclear tolerant(容忍的) positive intolerant(不容忍的)negative uncertain(不确定的) carefree(无忧无虑的) indifferent(漠不关心的) conservative(保守的) 2025 新高考 I 卷・C 篇（城市规划类） 原文定位（最后一段）： “We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognize what it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities?” 31. What is the author’s attitude toward the current city design? A. Fully supportive. B. Strongly critical. C. Mildly tolerant. D. Completely indifferent. 解析：情感词：fail to account for true costs（忽视真实代价）、反问句 “what it costs us”，传递对 “重交通效率、轻行人安全” 的批判态度。 干扰项排除：A “完全支持” 相反；C “勉强容忍” 语气过弱；D “漠不关心” 无依据。 B 1.2025 全国甲卷・D 篇（环保科技类） “Wipke stresses that we need to speed up the development of green energy, adding that renewables are up to the task. This view resonates with the author’s own perspective.” 35. What does the author think of the future of green energy? A. Doubtful. B. Optimistic. C. Uncertain. D. Pessimistic. B 解析：关键句：renewables are up to the task（可再生能源能胜任）、resonates with the author（作者认同），明确乐观态度。 干扰项排除：A “怀疑的”、C “不确定的”、D “悲观的” 均与原文积极表述相反。 2024 新高考 I 卷・C 篇（媒介对比类） “Digital texts, audio, and video are undoubtedly valuable in education, but they should not lead teachers to assume that all media are created equal when it comes to maximizing student learning.” 31. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Students should apply multiple learning techniques. B. Teachers should produce their own teaching material. C. Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education. D. Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored. 解析：逻辑核心：but 转折后否定 “all media equal”，结合全文主旨（纸质阅读对深度学习更有效），推断作者认为纸质文本无法被完全取代。 干扰项排除：A “多种学习技巧”、B “教师自制材料”、D “课外教育” 均未提及。 C （2023•新高考全国Ⅰ卷·阅读理解D35） In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.”Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. 35.What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies? A. Unclear. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Approving. 解析：根据最后一段“Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.”可知,虽然纳瓦哈斯领导的研究有局限性,仍然存在许多问题,但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。由此推知,作者对纳瓦哈斯的研究表示一定的赞许和支持。 D 4. 推断人物品质或事件特征题 这类题目中的人物品质或事件特征不会直接写明，需依托动作、语言、做法、态度、结果、他人评价间接推断，属于深层理解题。杜绝主观臆断、常识脑补。选项多为抽象形容词 / 抽象概括短语。 设问方式 1．Which of the following best describes......? 2．According to the text, which words can best describe ......? 3. Which of the following best describe ...... according to Paragraph ...? 4. How would the author feel about the outcome of the event? 5. What did the author think of ......? 高频陷阱 过度夸大：拔高人物品质、放大事件作用，超出原文范围； 片面概括：只截取局部细节，不能概括整体特征； 正反混淆：褒贬颠倒、情感态度相反； 无中生有：添加原文未提及的性格、特点、能力； 张冠李戴：把他人特征、其他事件特点错误嫁接。 1.意志品格类 determined 坚定的persevering /persistent 坚持不懈的 tough 坚韧顽强的strong-willed 意志坚定的resilient 抗压、百折不挠的 ambitious 有志向的 2. 善良责任类caring /considerate 体贴、关爱他人的generous 慷慨大方的selfless 无私的devoted /dedicated 敬业奉献的responsible /reliable 负责可靠的warm-hearted 热心的 3. 智慧能力类intelligent /brilliant 聪慧的creative /innovative 富有创造力的 modest 谦虚的 open-minded 思想开明的 far-sighted 有远见的 resourceful 足智多谋的 4. 处事态度类optimistic 乐观的positive 积极向上的humble 谦逊的 disciplined 自律的 diligent /hard-working 勤奋的 patient 有耐心的 二、负面人物特质selfish 自私的stubborn 固执的careless 粗心的arrogant 傲慢的impatient 急躁的 conservative 保守的 三中性 / 客观cautious 谨慎的 independent 独立的 modest 适度的 reserved 内敛沉默的 四、事件 / 事物 / 政策 / 项目 1.优势类efficient 高效的convenient 便捷的eco-friendly /green 环保的advanced 先进的practical 实用的 sustainable 可持续的cost-effective 性价比高的promising 前景广阔的 2. 不足 / 限制类challenging 有挑战的 risky 有风险的 limited 有限的 costly 成本高的demanding 要求高、费时费力的unstable 不稳定的inaccessible 难以获取 / 到达的 3. 综合特点complex 复杂的 flexible 灵活的 original 原创的 unique 独特的 comprehensive 全面的 controversial 有争议的 2025 全国一卷 C 篇，30 题 The snow leopard conservation project faces great challenges. Its habitat is remote and hard to access, with extreme weather. Besides, local people’s traditional hunting practices threaten the rare animal. However, the project has won international support and trained many local volunteers to protect the species. 30.What is implied about the snow leopard conservation project? It has made little progress so far B. It mainly relies on local government funding C It is challenging but promising D. It has solved the conflict with local people 解析：great challenges、remote、extreme weather、hunting threats（有挑战）；international support、trained volunteers（有希望），推断特征为挑战与希望并存。 A反向，有国际支持与志愿者B. 无中生有，D过度推断，仅培训志愿者 C 2024 新高考 Ⅱ 卷 D 篇，32 题 In the early 1950s, a Canadian journalist Jane Jacobs moved her family to Manhattan. She led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park, which was proposed to be replaced with an expressway. She called on the mayor to champion “New York as a decent place to live.” 32.What can be inferred about Jane Jacobs? She was a professional urban planner She was brave and community-minded. C. She was against all city development D. She was disappointed with the mayor’s policies 解析：她作为记者带头抗议公园被毁、呼吁宜居城市，体现勇敢、有社区责任感。A无中生有，journalist） C过度推断，反对的是 expressway 毁公园,D无中生有，仅呼吁市长支持） B 2023 新高考 Ⅱ 卷 B 篇，24 题 Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find... “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” 24.What can be inferred about Abby Jaramillo? She is strict with students’ gardening skills B. She is caring and devoted to students’ well-being. C. She is inexperienced in teaching gardening D. She is worried about food safety in local schools 解析：她在低收入学校创办菜园项目，旨在培养学生科学技能、环保意识与健康生活方式，体现关爱学生、乐于奉献的品质。A无中生有，未提 strict,C反向，她是项目创始人D 偷换概念，原文是 fresh food 匮乏 B 5. 推断文章出处题 推断文章出处题常以设问判断文本来源，选材题材对应明确，依托文体、语言风格、内容载体判定。选项多为书籍、报刊、网站、广告、手册，教材等，侧重依托细节合理判断。 设问方式 Where is the text most probably taken from? What is the source of the text? In which section of a website can the text appear? 解题技巧抓文体与内容匹配 newspaper / news report →时事热点、社会现象、客观报道 event, latest.. travel magazine/guidance →旅游景点、行程、美食、游玩推荐 attraction, route, advertisement →产品介绍、优惠、购买引导、功效宣传 discount, order, service, science report / magazine →科普知识、原理讲解、科研发现 research, experiment, textbook / guide book →学习方法、知识普及、生活常识 website / blog →网络化表达、评论、互动话题 click, online, comment, post, website 2025 新高考 I 卷 D 篇（科普杂志类） Microplastics are tiny plastic pieces less than 5mm in size. They are found in oceans, soil and even drinking water. A recent study shows that boiling tap water can remove up to 80% of microplastics, offering a simple solution to reduce exposure. 32. Where is the text most probably taken from? A. A health magazine. B. A research paper. C. A news report. D. A fashion journal. A 解析:介绍微塑料危害 + 简易去除方法，贴近生活健康，语言通俗，符合健康 / 科普杂志风格。B（研究论文）需大量数据与术语；C（新闻报道）强调时效性；D（时尚杂志）无关，排除。 2024 新高考 I 卷 A 篇（环保新闻类） Transportation accounts for about one-quarter of global carbon emissions. To fight climate change, countries are increasingly adopting green energy in planes, trains and automobiles. New policies and technologies are reducing the environmental impact of travel. 23. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A science magazine. B. A travel brochure. C. A government report. D. An advertisement. A 解析：客观介绍交通碳排放 + 绿色能源，用词中立、科普化，符合科学杂志特征。B（旅游手册）无旅游推荐；C（政府报告）语气更正式官方；D（广告）无促销信息，排除。 6. 推断文章走势题 做此类题目时，务必把握作者的写作思路，如文章可能按事件发展的经过描写，也可能按因果关系、对比关系来叙述，从而做出比较科学的、合情合理的预测判断。特别要注意文章最后一段的内容及最后几句话。 设问方式 1. What will be discussed further in the coming paragraph? 2．What may the researchers do next according to the last paragraph? 3．What would the author most probably discuss next? 4．Where does the article go next? 5.What would the following paragraph talk about? 推断文章走势题唯一依据：尾段（尤其尾句），抓新话题 / 新疑问 / 新提议； 正确选项 = 尾句核心词的直接延伸； 干扰项特征：重复前文旧信息、偏离尾句话题、过度引申无关内容。 2025 全国乙卷 D 篇・32 题） “Food waste is a global issue, and turning food scraps into delicious meals is a practical solution. However, many people lack creative ideas to repurpose leftovers 32. What is the author most likely to discuss next? The global problem of food waste. B. Ways to develop creativity in cooking. C. Specific recipes for leftover food. D. Benefits of reducing food waste 【解析】尾句核心为 “lack creative ideas to repurpose leftovers”（缺剩菜创意做法），下文应提供具体解决方案（剩菜食谱），故选 C。A（食物浪费问题）、B（烹饪创意培养）、D（减浪费益处）均未精准衔接 “剩菜利用” 的实操需求。 C 2025 新高考 II 卷 C 篇・34 题 “Online plant shops are booming, and studies have shown that indoor plants can reduce stress and improve focus. But how exactly do plants affect our brain activity?” 34. What will the following paragraph probably focus on? A. Tips for choosing indoor plants. B. The brain’s response to plants. C. Reasons for the popularity of plant shops. D. Benefits of plants in offices. B 【解析】尾句以 “how exactly do plants affect our brain activity” 提出新疑问，下文应解答该问题（植物对大脑的影响机制），故选 B。A（选植物技巧）、C（网店流行原因）、D（办公室植物益处）均未回应尾句核心疑问。 2024 全国甲卷 B 篇・26 题 “This year, with an open mind and new knowledge in mind, I walked into another group interview while telling myself I was that cool senior. I managed to secure a leadership position. Ultimately, success came little by little.” 26. What is the author likely to write about after the text? A. The challenges of the leadership position. B. The senior’s advice on interviews. C. Other group interview experiences. D. Ways to keep an open mind. 【解析】尾句核心为 “获得领导职位”，下文应延续该结果的后续发展（如挑战、经历），故选 A。B（学长建议）、C（其他面试）、D（保持开放心态）均偏离尾句新落脚点。 A 7. 推断文章写作手法题 此类题目不考内容细节，考行文逻辑与论证方式；聚焦段落展开方式或全文结构。 设问方式 :开篇提问引关注/讲述事实引主题/举例、引语或数据证明观点 How is the paragraph developed? How does the author develop Paragraph 4/start the text?? How does the author start/support/explain...? How did the researchers carry out the new study? In which way did researchers draw a conclusion? 写作手法题解题技巧 根据"原文定位"来判断先根据题干判断是具体某段还是全文写作手法，然后寻找标志词，进而找到答案。 ①by giving examples 通过举例。标志词:for example，for instance raise a question 提出问题 ②by introduce a topic 引出话题 share a personal experience ③by giving definition通过下定义。标志词:that is to say present a fact / phenomenon 摆事实/呈现现象 ④by listing data statistics/figures通过列数字。标志词:具体数字 quote a saying 引用名言 ⑤by describing a process通过描述过程。标志词:first，second，third，finally conducting experiments进行实验 ⑥by following time order遵作时间顺序。标志词:in1920，in the 1940s，nowadays by making assumptions 作假设 ⑦by making comparison/contrast通过对比。标志词:but, while, ⑧by making classifications 过分类。标志词:first.next.then ⑨by analyzing cause and effect 通过分析因果。标志词:as a result/consequence use metaphor / simile/ personification 使用比喻拟人 2025 全国一卷 D 篇（微塑料） Microplastics are everywhere. They have been found in the deepest ocean, on the highest mountain, in volcanic rocks, inside seabirds’ stomachs, and even in Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside humans. 32. How does the author start the text? A. By presenting a definition. B. By comparing findings. C. By giving examples. D. By analyzing causes. 解析：第一段列举 “深海、高山、火山岩、海鸟胃、南极雪” 多个地点，属于举例法（by giving examples），选 C。 C 2024 新高考 I 卷 C 篇（过度学习） The law of overlearning explains why cramming for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one’s future development. 28. The author explains the law of overlearning by ________. A. presenting research findings B. setting down general rules C. making a comparison D. using examples 解析：本段把 “突击学习（cramming）” 与 “过度学习（overlearning）” 的效果进行正反对比（comparison），选 C。 C 2022 全国甲卷 D 篇（睡眠研究） "In the study, nine healthy young adults slept for 8 hours in the laboratory. Upon awakening, they completed a series of cognitive tests, including memory tasks. After a period of wakefulness, the same participants were restricted to 4 hours of sleep. They then repeated the identical memory and cognitive tests upon waking.“ First, participants were asked to sleep for 8 hours. Then they were woken up and tested on memory. Next, they slept for only 4 hours. Finally, they repeated the memory test. 35. How does the author develop Paragraph 4? A. By listing statistics. B. By following time order. C. By making comparisons. D. By explaining reasons. 解析：标志词 First→Then→Next→Finally，清晰按时间 / 实验步骤展开（time/process order），选 B。 B 8. 推断目标读者题 设问方式 1) Who is the passage written for_____? 2) The text is written mainly for_____. 3) Who are the intended readers of the passage? 4) The passage is probably written for______. 5) Who might be most interested in this piece of information? 此类题目要理解短文内容，特别是要从作者的措辞和语气去判断这篇文章是为谁而写和哪些人写的 2023 新高考 I 卷 说明文（健康建议） Many teenagers feel stressed with schoolwork. To stay healthy, you should exercise for at least one hour a day, eat more vegetables, and sleep 8 hours every night. These simple rules can help you feel relaxed and energetic. Besides, it’s helpful to talk to parents or teachers about your worries. Don’t keep everything to yourself. A healthy lifestyle and a positive attitude are the best ways to reduce stress. 23.Who is the intended audience of the text? High school students B. Sports coaches C. Doctors D. Parents 解析:用词：teenagers, schoolwork, you（第二人称）；直接对青少年提出健康建议，语气贴近学生，排除教练、医生、家长。 A 2024 新高考 II 卷 记叙文（图书推荐） This book is perfect for young readers who love adventure stories. It tells the story of a brave girl who travels through forests and rivers to find a lost treasure. Simple language and exciting plots make it easy for junior high students to enjoy. 23.The text is written mainly for ______. Adventure writers B. Young students C. Librarians D. Book publishers 解析:关键词：young readers, junior high students, simple language；推荐对象是喜欢冒险故事的年轻学生，语言难度适配初中生。 B PART III 知命题 Designs for Reading Comprehension —Inference Questions 1. (2022新高考Ⅰ卷C篇) Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.” Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.” What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs? 2.(2021全国乙卷C篇) Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part of Von Wongs artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3? Part 3 Competition Design a correct answer for the inference question. 3. (2022新高考Ⅱ卷B篇) Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites. What does the author think of himself? 1. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs? It is well received. B. It needs to be more creative. C. It is highly profitable. D. It takes ages to see the results. 3. What does the author think of himself? A. Socially ambitious. B. Physically attractive. C. Financially independent. D. Digitally competent. 2. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3? A. To show the difficulty of their recycling. B. To explain why they are useful. C. To voice his views on modern art. D. To find a substitute for them. Part 3 Competition Design a correct answer for the inference question. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs? It is well received. B. It needs to be more creative. C. It is highly profitable. D. It takes ages to see the results. Design a correct answer for the inference question. Part 3 Competition 1. (2022新高考Ⅰ卷C篇) Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.” Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.” Main idea: The project receives wide recognition. /People are positive about the project. Design a correct answer for the inference question. Part 3 Competition 2.(2021全国乙卷C篇) Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source of plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that' s part of Von Wongs artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3? A. To show the difficulty of their recycling B. To explain why they are useful. C. To voice his views on modern art. D. To find a substitute for them. Main idea: Plastic straws can’t be recycled easily. 3. (2022新高考Ⅱ卷B篇) Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I'm not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I've even built websites. not challenged digitally Design a correct answer for the inference questions. Part 3 Competition What does the author think of himself? A. Socially ambitious. B. Physically attractive. C. Financially independent. D. Digitally competent. 推断意图打算 推断观点态度 常含infer, suggest, imply, probably, might等 应用文：推销产品或服务，吸引游客、顾客等 记叙文：讲述故事或分享经验，表达感悟等 说明文：介绍某一事物或某一现象 议论文：说服接受某一观点或提倡某种做法 推断言外之意或弦外之音 推断隐含意义 立足原文，进行符合情理的推断，切勿主观臆断 要求 题干 四个 关注 根据文体进行推断 注意 看清楚谁对什么的态度 关注表达情感的形容词、副词、动词或介词等 关注首段、尾段，推断文章主题，确定观点 不要掺杂自己的观点 三类 选项 褒义词：positive, supportive, optimistic等 中性词：objective, subjective, indifferent等 贬义词：critical, negative, disappointed等 Summary 推 理 判 断 题 推断文章出处 推断目标读者 根据文章内容及文体的结构特征来推断其出处 介绍科研或发现成果：a science magazine/report 营养、健康饮食：a health magazine 旅游景点介绍：a travel guide/brochure 博物馆介绍/参观指南：a museum guide 新产品/影片或演出介绍：advertisement 文化教育类文章：education section 文章前有日期、地点或通讯社名称：newspaper 文字有链接：website 时尚名人或娱乐介绍magazine, journal, entertainment 人物介绍：biography, autobiography 活动介绍：announcement, notice 常含be from, come from, be taken ,appear等 推断下文内容 题干 原则 类别 推断人物特征 推断写作手法 推 理 判 断 题 Homework Finish the reading comprehension for inference questions exercise 备考建议 得阅读者得高考：以读攻读 坚持每天做阅读 养成猜词习惯 2. 得词汇者得阅读：以词汇提高阅读 以阅读巩固词汇 考纲词汇 Thank you for your attention. May you succeed! Positive Business Plastic3 Corporate Uplifting Business B, track 5 2011 New Age 124190.43 $