Unit 2 Amazing China 词汇课件 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级下册

Vocabularies Unit 2 Amazing China 1 Unit 2 1. according to 根据,按照 介词短语(相当于介词,后面直接接名词 / 代词) according to sb./sth. 根据某人[宾格] / 某物 According to the radio, it will rain tomorrow.根据收音机预报,明天会下雨。 不可用于第一人称 According to me, ...(错误) In my opinion, .../ I think ...(正确) 2. watercolor n. 水彩画,水彩颜料 a watercolor painting 一幅水彩画 watercolor paints 水彩颜料 She likes drawing watercolors.她喜欢画水彩画。 This is a beautiful watercolor of a park.这是一幅漂亮的公园水彩画。 3. prefer vt. 更喜欢,宁愿 过去式 / 过去分词:preferred(双写 r + ed) prefer + n. 更喜欢某物 现在分词:preferring(双写 r + ing) I prefer English. 我更喜欢英语。 prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事 I prefer reading. 我更喜欢看书。 prefer (sb.) to do sth. 宁愿(某人)做某事 I prefer to read a newspaper 比起某事,我宁愿读报纸。 prefer A to B 比起 B,更喜欢 A I prefer apples to bananas. 比起香蕉,我更喜欢苹果。 prefer to do sth. raher than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事。 My mother prefer to go for a walk raher than watch TV. 我妈妈晚饭后宁愿散步而不愿看电视。 prefer doing sth(A) to doing sth(B) 比起做B,更喜欢做A I prefer walking to running. 比起跑步,我更喜欢走路。 4. ride n. [c] (游乐场、公园等里的)供乘骑的游乐设施 amusement park rides 游乐园游乐设施 theme park rides 主题公园游乐设施 go on a ride 去玩一个游乐项目 There are many exciting rides in the amusement park. 游乐园里有很多刺激的游乐设施。 The children want to go on the new ride.孩子们想去玩那个新的游乐设施。 5. scare n. & v. 使害怕,惊吓;惊吓;恐慌 scare sb. 惊吓某人 scare sb. away 把某人吓跑 Don't scare the cat. 别吓着这只猫。 give sb. a scare 吓了某人一跳 You gave me a scare!你吓了我一跳! scared adj. 感到害怕的(修饰人) be scared of… 害怕……be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事 scary adj. 吓人的(修饰事物) a scary movie 恐怖片 I am scared. 我感到害怕。 The movie is scary. 这部电影很吓人。 6. explore v. 探索,考察,勘探,探究 过去式/过去分词:explored 现在分词:exploring explore a place/the world/space/new ideas 探索某地/世界/太空/新想法 They want to explore the forest. 他们想去探索这片森林。 explorer n. 探险家 exploration n. 探索 7. rest v. 放置;支撑;(视线、目光)停留 rest+身体部位+on/against+地点 He rested his head on the desk.他把头搁在桌子上。 物 + rest on/upon + sp./sth. (某物)被放在 / 搁在......地方 His eyes rested on the picture.他的目光停留在那张画上。 rest in 在于…;存在于… 之中=exist His happiness rests in reading.他的快乐在于读书。 安放在;安息在 rest in peace = R.I.P. 安息(常用于墓碑) He rests in the churchyard.他安息在教堂墓地。 8. reach vt. 到达= get to = arrive in/at;伸手去够 /ri t / reach + 地点(不加 to) reach Beijing 到达北京 reach for sth. 伸手去拿某物 n.(河流的)一段;直水道;河道 a river reach 一段河道 upper/middle/lower reaches 上 / 中 / 下游 This is a long reach of the river.这是这条河的一段长直水道。 The city is in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.这座城市位于长江中游。 9. rich adj. 富有的,富裕的;丰富的,富饶的 /r t / be rich in …富于……;富含…… The country is rich in oil. 这个国家盛产石油。 Fruit is rich in vitamins. 水果富含维生素。 rich soil 肥沃的土壤 the rich 富人 poor adj. 贫穷的;贫乏的 be poor in …贫乏的;缺少…… 的;在…… 方面匮乏 10. attraction n. [c] 吸引,吸引力;向往的地方;景点,游览胜地 tourist attraction 旅游景点 a place of attraction 名胜之地=places of interest have an attraction for… 对…… 有吸引力 The Great Wall is a famous tourist attraction. 长城是著名的旅游景点。 This city has many attractions.这座城市有很多景点。 attract v. 吸引 attractive adj. 有吸引力的;迷人的 11. best-protected 复合adj. 受最好保护的;保护最完善的 =best + protected 同类构词: protect v. 保护 best-known 最著名的 protected adj. 受保护的 best-loved 最受喜爱的 the best-protected area/animals 保护最完善的地区/动物 well-protected 保护得好的 This is one of the best-protected nature reserves in China. 这是中国保护最完善的自然保护区之一。 12. choice n. 选择;抉择 make a choice 做选择 have no choice but to do sth. 除了做某事别无选择;只好做某事 I have no choice but to study hard.我除了努力学习别无选择。 choose v. 选择 chose(过去式) chosen(过去分词) choose to do sth. 选择做某事 13. historic adj. 历史上著名的;有历史意义的 a historic event/place/meeting 历史性事件/名胜/会晤 historic vs historical historic:有历史意义的、著名的 a historic building 有历史价值的建筑 historical:与历史有关的、历史上的 a historical novel 历史小说 historical facts 历史事实 The old bridge is very historic. 这座古桥非常有历史意义。 14. learning n. 学习,学到的知识 learning skills 学习技巧 life-long learning 终身学习 learn v. 学习 过去式 / 过去分词:learned / learnt learn to do sth. 学会做某事 15. university n.[c] 大学(综合性大学)复数universities go to university 上大学 She wants to go to university in the future.她将来想上大学。 university 虽然以u开头,但发音是/ju /辅音开头,所以用a,不用an! college n. 学院,大学(规模较小) 16. body n. 机构,部门 a governing body 管理机构;领导机构 a law-making body 立法机构 an official body 官方机构 The school has a new governing body.这所学校有了新的管理机构。 The United Nations is an international body.联合国是一个国际机构。 17. vibe n. 氛围;感觉;气场情绪;气氛;给人的感觉 good vibes 好氛围、好心情、舒服的感觉 bad vibes 不好的氛围、不舒服的感觉 positive vibes 正能量 This place has a really nice vibe.这个地方氛围特别好。 I’m getting good vibes from this team. 我从这个团队感受到很好的气场。 属于口语、网络、日常用词,不用于正式书面作文。 正式作文里要用:atmosphere(氛围) 18. bank n. 银行; 河岸;堤岸 bank account 银行账户 the bank of the river 河岸 on the river bank 在河岸上 19. birthplace [c]n. 出生地;故乡;发源地 =birth(出生) + place(地方) the birthplace of … …… 的出生地 / …… 的发源地 one’s birthplace 故乡、祖籍 Shandong is the birthplace of Confucius. 山东是孔子的出生地。 20. seat of power 权力中心;统治中心;政府所在地 The palace is the seat of power.这座宫殿是权力中心。 Beijing is the seat of power of China.北京是中国的权力中心。 =center of power =capital(首都,也可表示权力中心)。 21. dynasty n. 王朝;朝代 the Qing Dynasty 清朝the Tang Dynasty 唐朝 注意首字母大写 ancient dynasties 古代朝代 a royal dynasty 皇室王朝 The Great Wall was built over many dynasties. 长城是在很多个朝代期间修建的。 22. must-see n.[c] & adj. 必看的;不可错过的;必游之地 a must-see place 必去之地 a must-see attraction 必游景点 It’s a must-see.这是必看的。 The museum is a must-see.这个博物馆是必游之地。 23. cave n. [c] 洞穴;山洞;岩洞 There are many old stones in this cave. 这个洞穴里有很多古老的石头。 This is a famous tourist cave. 这是一个著名的旅游溶洞。 24. carving n. 雕刻;雕刻品;雕刻图案 stone carving 石雕 wood carving 木雕 ice carving 冰雕 a stone carving 一件石雕作品 There are many beautiful carvings in the cave. 这个洞穴里有很多精美的雕刻品。 carve v. 雕刻;刻 25. lover n. 爱好者,热爱…… 的人;情人,爱人 a lover of art/nature 艺术/自然爱好者 animal lovers 动物爱好者 history lovers 历史爱好者 He is a lover of old buildings.他是古建筑爱好者。 26. peony n. [c] 牡丹;芍药 pl: peonies 中国国花之一 象征:富贵、吉祥、繁荣 The peony is known as the “king of flowers”. 牡丹被誉为 “花中之王”。 27. abroad adv. 在国外;到国外 go abroad 出国 study abroad 出国留学 live abroad 住在国外 travel abroad 出国旅行 abroad 前不加 to /in/at! go abroad go to abroad She wants to study abroad in the future. 她将来想出国留学。 home and abroad 国内外;海内外 at home and abroad 在国内外 The city is famous at home and abroad. 这座城市享誉海内外。 Do you want to talk to your friends both at home and abroad? 想和你在国内外的朋友交谈吗 ? 28. admire v. 钦佩,仰慕;赞赏;欣赏,观赏 admire sb. 钦佩某人 admire sb. for sth. 因某事钦佩某人 admire the view/scenery 欣赏风景 I really admire you.我真的很钦佩 / 佩服你。 Visitors come to admire the old buildings.游客前来欣赏这些古建筑。 admiration n. 钦佩,赞赏 29. make one’s way to 前往;费力地朝…… 走去(强调克服困难、缓慢 / 艰难地移动,区别于普通的 go to) make one’s way to + 地点名词(后接副词时省略 to,如 there/here/home) We made our way to the birthplace of the dynasty.我们前往这个朝代的发源地。 She made her way home in the rain.她冒雨艰难地回家。 one’s 随主语变化:make my/your/his/her/our/their way to... make one’s way through/across/in + 地点(根据场景搭配介词) make one’s way through the crowd 挤过人群 make one’s way across the street 穿过街道 30. dreamlike adj. 梦幻(般)的;如梦似幻的 a dreamlike view/scene/landscape 梦幻般的景色/场景 / 风景 The scenery by the river is dreamlike. 河边的景色如梦似幻。 构词法拓展 like 作后缀,可与名词结合构成形容词,“像…… 一样的” childlike adj. 孩子般的;天真的 lifelike adj. 栩栩如生的 fantastic adj. 奇妙的;极好的 magical adj. 神奇的;迷人的 31. central adj. 在中心的;中央的;核心的 central area/street/idea 中心区域/大街/思想 centre (英式) /center (美式) n. 中心;中央 in the centre of... 在…… 的中心 The square is in the centre of the city. 广场在城市的中心。 central 更强调 “核心的、正中心的”,middle 仅表示 “中间的(非正中心也可)” 32. soldier n. [c] 士兵;军人 A group of soldiers walked along the bank of the river. a young soldier 年轻的士兵 army soldiers 陆军士兵 a soldier's life 军人的生活 solid adj. 固体的;坚固的 33. site n. [c] 地点;位置;场所 historical site 历史遗迹 This is an important historical site by the river. the site of an old castle 一座古堡的遗址 website n. 网站 辨析: site n. 地点、场所(侧重具体的某个场地,尤指有特殊用途 / 意义的) place n. 地方(通用词,泛指各类地点) a historical site(历史遗迹,固定搭配),不说 a historical place 34. business n.[u] 商务;公事;生意;商业 He went there on business. 他去那里出差。 Many small businesses are near the river bank. 河岸附近有很多小型企业[c]。 on business 出差 do business 做生意 business hours 营业时间 none of your business 不关你的事(日常高频) busy adj. 忙碌的 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 businessmann. 商人(复数:businessmen) Some people come to this ancient city for business and some for travel. 有些人来这座古城是为了商务,有些人是为了旅游。 35. mix v. & n. 混合;混杂;结合 a/the mix of... …… 的结合体 The mix of history and beauty makes this place special. A mix with B A与B混合 sb. mix A with B 某人把 A 和 B 混合 Oil does not mix with water. She mixes milk and coffee every morning. mix up 混淆;弄乱 Don't mix up the two historical sites. mixed adj. 混合的;混杂的 mixed feelings 复杂的心情 36. until prep. & conj. 到…… 时;直到…… 为止 prep. 后接时间名词/代词(时间点),构成介宾短语,在句中作时间状语 We stayed in the ancient city until evening. He waited for the bus until ten o'clock. conj.后接完整的句子,引导时间状语从句 主从句时态遵循 “主将从现、主过从过” We will not leave until the tour ends. They walked along the bank until the sun went down. not...until 直到…… 才 She didn't visit the birthplace until she came to this city. We didn't start the trip until the rain stopped. until 可与 till 互换,till 更口语化,until 可用于句首,till 一般不用于句首 Until he told me, I knew nothing about the dynasty. 不可替换为 till 主句为肯定句时,谓语动词需是延续性动词(如 stay/wait/walk);否定句中,谓语动词可为短暂性动词(如 start/leave/know) 正确:I waited until he came.(wait 延续性) 正确:I didn't leave until he came.(leave 短暂性) 错误:I left until he came. 37. message n.[c] 电邮信息;手机信息;消息 send a message (to sb) (给某人)发信息 leave a message 留言 take a message 捎口信 a text message 短信 a phone message 电话留言 She sent a message to her friend about the trip to the ancient city. I have two new messages on my phone. get/receive a message 收到信息 reply to a message 回复信息 38. anywhere adv. 任何地方 用法注意 为复合不定副词,后不接介词(如 in/at/to) 类似用法:here/there/where/home 正确:go anywhere 去任何地方 错误:go to anywhere 否定句中使用,替代 somewhere I can't find the historic site anywhere here. There isn't a beautiful view anywhere else by the river. 疑问句中使用,表 “某个地方 / 任何地方” Can we find a guest house anywhere near the birthplace? Is there a bank anywhere around this area? 肯定句中使用,表 “无论何处” You can enjoy the dreamlike scenery anywhere in this ancient city. 不定代词:代表未知或不确定的名词,通常用于句子中作主语或宾语。有all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no, (a) few, (a) little, both, enough, every 等。复合不定代词= some/any/no +thing/body/one 复合不定代词受定语修饰时,定语应放在它们后面 something nice 不定副词:描述动作或状态的程度或频率,不代表具体的名词,通常用于句子中作状语。 39. marry vt. & vi. 结婚;嫁;娶 divorce n. & v. marry sb. 娶/嫁给某人 He married a girl from the ancient city last year. A and B marry A和B结婚 They married in the birthplace of the dynasty. marry sb to sb 把某人嫁给某人 Her father married her to a local writer. marry是短暂性动词,不能与表示一段时间的状语(如 for + 时间段 /since + 时间点)连用;表 “结婚多久” 需用be married(延续性状态) 正确:They have been married for 20 years. 错误:They have married for 20 years. married adj. 已婚的;婚姻的 The married couple often travel to historic sites together. get married When did your parents get married? marriage n. 婚姻 He had two marriages in his life. 40. artwork n. 表 “艺术品 / 美术作品” 统称时为不可数名词; 表 “一件件的艺术品” 时为可数名词 We can see a lot of beautiful artwork in this historic city. [un.] The museum shows many ancient artworks by the river. [cn.] traditional/modern artwork 传统/现代艺术品 构词法拓展:合成名词(art + work) homework n. 家庭作业 schoolwork n. 功课;学业 handwork n. 手工活 41. classical adj. 古典的 无比较级和最高级,因本身含 “经典、正统” 的绝对含义 classical music 古典音乐 classic adj. 经典的;一流的 n. 经典作品 辨析:classical 侧重 “古典的(与现代相对,多指风格、流派)”;classic 侧重 “经典的(指优秀、经久不衰的)” classical Chinese poetry 中国古典诗词 a classic novel 一部经典小说 回忆 13. historic vs historical 有al强调时间久远 无al强调影响力、意义 This historic city is famous for its classical buildings and dreamlike scenery. 42. struggle v. & n. 奋斗;努力;拼搏;挣扎=manage 上学期U5词汇 hard struggle 艰苦奋斗 in (one’s) struggle 在(某人的)拼搏中 through struggle 历经拼搏 His life is a story of hard struggle and success. She never gave up in her struggles for her dream. struggle for 为…… 而奋斗 / 努力=fight for Many artists struggle for their art dreams. struggle with 与…… 搏斗;克服…… 困难 He struggled with all kinds of difficulties to create artwork. struggle to do sth 努力做某事;艰难地做某事 She struggled to finish the classical painting in a month. 43. period n.[c] 时期;一段时间;阶段;句号 This is the most important period in the history of the dynasty. 特指有明确起止时间、带有特定特征的一段时期,可用于描述历史、人生、事件等不同阶段。 a long period of time 很长一段时间 historical period 历史时期 during this period 在这段期间 a period of struggle 一段奋斗的时光 She went through a hard period of struggle to finish her artwork. We have four periods of English class every week. 44. hero n.[c] 英雄;男主角;男主人公 hero heroes tomato tomatoes;potato potatoes;photo photos national hero 民族英雄 war hero 战斗英雄 the hero of the story 故事的男主人公 hero spirit 英雄精神 regard sb as a hero 把某人视作英雄 look up to sb as a hero 把某人尊为英雄 45. twice adv. 两次;两倍 英语中,一次固定用 once,两次固定用 twice,三次及以上用 “基数词 + times” 表达,规范考试中禁止用 two times 替代 twice I have visited the historic site twice. Many tourists come to this dreamlike city twice a year. twice a week/month/year 一周 / 一个月 / 一年两次 once or twice 一两次;偶尔 think twice 再三考虑;三思而后行 twice as much/many as 是…… 的两倍 46. show off 炫耀;卖弄;衬托;显示 动副短语用法规则:off 为副词,接名词作宾语时,名词可放短语中间或末尾;接 it/them 等代词作宾语时,代词必须放在短语中间 正确用法:show off his artwork /show his artwork off /show it off 错误用法:show off it He never shows off, even though he is a famous artist home and abroad. She likes to show off her classical watercolour paintings to her classmates. 47. no matter 不论;无论;不管 no matter 不能单独引导句子,必须与 what/who/when/where/which/how 等特殊疑问词连用,构成no matter + 疑问词结构,引导让步状语从句,表达 “无论…… 都……” 的含义。 语序规则:从句必须使用陈述语序,禁止使用疑问语序 正确:No matter where you go, I will keep in touch with you. 错误:No matter where do you go, I will keep in touch with you. No matter how hard he worked, he never gave up his dream of painting. no matter + 疑问词 与 对应 - ever 结尾的复合词(whatever/whoever 等)的用法区分:引导让步状语从句时,二者可以完全互换 No matter what you say, I will admire the classical artwork. = Whatever you say, I will admire the classical artwork. 引导主语、宾语等名词性从句时,只能用 - ever 结尾的复合词,不能用 no matter 结构 正确:Whatever you see in the museum will leave a deep impression on you. 错误:No matter what you see in the museum will leave a deep impression on you. $