Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单元知识点过关（精讲课件）2025-2026学年八年级英语下册（新教材人教版）

Unit 5 Nature's Temper 人教版初中英语 单元知识点过关 8年级下册 1 CONTENTS CONTENTS 重点词汇过关 短语识记过关 词汇变形过关 词汇辨析过关 知识点清单 2 重点词汇 过关 PART ONE 01 3 重点词汇过关 4 重点词汇过关 5 1. The little boy has a bad ____________ (脾气) when he doesn’t get what he wants. 2. A terrible ____________ (台风) hit the coastal city last night, causing great damage. 3. The forest ____________ (野火) spread quickly because of the dry weather. 4. The heavy rain caused a serious ____________ (水灾) in the village. 5. The weather report ____________ (警告) people to stay indoors during the storm. 6. The big ____________ (海浪) crashed against the rocks. 7. The reporter will ____________ (报道) the event live from the scene. 8. My grandparents live in a quiet _________________ (街区) near the park. 9. The storm damaged the ____________ (屋顶) of many houses in the town. 10. I ____________ (几乎) forgot to bring my umbrella this morning. 重点词汇过关 temper wildfire flood warned wave report typhoon neighborhood nearly roofs 6 重点词汇过关 11. He is always ready to help others when they are in ____________ (困难). 12. My ____________ (亲戚) from Beijing will come to visit us this weekend. 13. A ____________ (卡车) crashed into a tree on the highway this morning. 14. The army dropped food and ____________ (补给品) to the people in the flood area. 15. We are making ____________ (准备) for the coming sports meeting. 16. The storm cut off the ____________ (电力供应) in the whole neighborhood. 17. The baby was sleeping ____________ (酣畅地) in his bed. 18. The fog is very ____________ (浓密的), so we can hardly see the road ahead. 19. The rain ____________ (敲) against the window all night. 20. The cat tried to ____________ (躲藏) under the sofa when the dog came in. trouble truck supplies power soundly relatives thick beat hide preparations 7 21. It was the ____________ (最糟的) day of my life when I lost my phone. 22. The school ____________ (女生) are having a singing competition in the hall. 23. He made ____________ (泡沫) with the soap while washing his hands. 24. She ____________ (拒绝) to go to the party because she was ill. 25. The _________ (安全) of the students is the most important thing for the school. 26. The ____________ (保安人员) stopped the stranger from entering the building. 27. There is a supermarket ____________ (附近的) the new apartment. 28. People began to ____________ (尖叫) when the fire broke out in the building. 29. ____________ (幸亏), the little boy was saved by the firefighters. 30. She has a lot of ____________ (知识) about history and geography. worst schoolgirls froth refused security security guard nearby scream Thankfully 重点词汇过关 knowledge 8 31. What is your __________ (想法) about the plan for the weekend? 32. Lin Zexu is a national __________ (英雄) in Chinese history. 33 The heavy rain caused a __________ (滑坡) on the mountain road. 34. The police are trying to __________ (保护) the witnesses from danger. 35. The __________ (洪水) destroyed many houses along the river. 36. The fire ______ (消防队员) risked their lives to save people from the burning building. 37. Many ________ (志愿者) went to the earthquake area to help the people in need. 38. The earthquake was ______ (非常糟地) destructive, leaving many people homeless. 39. The fire __________ (警报) went off as soon as the smoke was detected. 40. The __________ (突然的) change of weather made everyone feel cold. thinking hero landslide safeguard floodwater firefighters volunteers terribly alarm 重点词汇过关 sudden 9 PART TWO 02 短语识记过关 10 短语 中文含义 例句 do chores 做家务 My sister usually helps do chores on weekends. make preparations 作准备 The villagers made preparations before the snowstorm came. security guard 保安人员 The security guard checked everyone’s ID at the gate. by the time 到…… 的时候 By the time the rain stopped, the road was already flooded. out of breath 上气不接下气 After running to the classroom, Tom was out of breath. as a result 因此 The typhoon destroyed many houses. As a result, people had nowhere to live. go wrong 出现问题；发生故障；搞错 Everything went wrong during the power cut last night. except for 除…… 之外 Except for the heavy rain, the trip was great. as soon as 一…… 就…… Please tell me as soon as you hear the typhoon warning. alarm clock 闹钟 My alarm clock rings at 6:30 every morning. 短语识记过关 11 短语 中文含义 例句 wake up 醒来 The loud thunder woke me up at midnight. go off （警报器等）突然发出巨响 The fire alarm went off when the smoke was found. all of a sudden 突然；猛地 All of a sudden, the lights went out in the whole building. report on 报道；关于…… 的报告 The journalist reported on the flood live from the scene. warn sb. about sth. 警告某人注意某事 The weather station warned people about the coming storm. be in trouble 处于困境中 The family was in trouble when their house was damaged by the wildfire. make preparations for 为…… 做准备 We made preparations for the heavy snow last week. supply sth. to sb. 向某人供应某物 The government supplied food to the people in the flooded area. cut off 切断（水、电等） The storm cut off the power in the whole neighbourhood. hide from 躲避；躲藏 The cat tried to hide from the heavy rain under the tree. 短语识记过关 12 短语 中文含义 例句 beat against 敲打；撞击 The rain beat against the window all night. at the worst 在最坏的情况下 At the worst, we may have to stay here for another two days. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 He refused to leave his home during the flood. keep safe 保持安全 Please stay indoors to keep safe during the typhoon. keep watch 守望；警戒 The security guard kept watch all night during the storm. go out 熄灭；外出 The lights went out when the power was cut off. calm down 平静下来 It took a long time for the people to calm down after the earthquake. take shelter 躲避；避难 People took shelter in the school gym during the tornado. fall down 倒塌；跌倒 Many old houses fell down in the strong wind. sweep away 冲走；卷走 The flood swept away the small bridge in the village. 短语识记过关 13 短语 中文含义 例句 blow down 吹倒 The strong wind blew down many trees in the park. break out 爆发；突然发生 A wildfire broke out in the forest last month. come true 实现 Their wish to rebuild their homes came true soon. be afraid of 害怕 Many children are afraid of thunder and lightning. at least 至少 We need at least three days to prepare for the storm. because of 因为；由于 The flight was put off because of the heavy fog. take care of 照顾；照看 Neighbours took care of each other during the disaster. look after 照顾；照料 Volunteers looked after the homeless people in the shelter. make sure 确保；查明 Please make sure all the windows are closed before the storm comes. stay away from 远离 Stay away from the river during the flood season. 短语识记过关 14 PART THREE 03 词汇变形过关 15 词汇变形过关 interviewer interviewee reporter possible possibility children hid prepare hidden 1．interview(v.面试)_____________(n.面试官)_____________(n.面试者) 2．possibly(adv.可能，或许)_____________(adj.可能的)_____________(n.可能性) 3．report(v.报道)_____________(n.记者) 4．child(n.小孩)_____________(pl.复数) 5．preparation(n.准备工作)_____________(v.做准备) 6．hide(v.隐藏)__________(过去式)_________(过去分词)_____________(现在分词) 7．drought n. 旱灾；干旱→ _____________ adj. 干燥的 8．report n. & v. 报道；汇报→ _____________ n. 报道人员 9．supply n. 供应（量）；供给（品）v. 供应；供给→ ____________ n. （pl.）补给品 10．preparation n. 准备（工作）；预备→ _____________ v. 准备 hiding reporter dry supplies prepare 16 11．soundly adv. （睡觉）酣畅地；可靠地；完全彻底地→ ____________ adj. 睡熟的；彻底的 v. 听起来 n. 声音 12．beat v. → ___________ （过去式）→ ______________（过去分词） 13．hide v. → ____________（过去式）→ ____________（过去分词） 14．worst adj. & adv. 最坏(的)；最糟 (的) → ____________(比较级) 15．unfortunately adv. 不幸地；可惜地→____________ adj. 不幸的 16．thankfully adv. 幸亏；感激地→____________ adj. 感激的→____________ v. 感谢 17．thinking n. 思考；想法→____________ v. 思考；认为 18．hero n. 英雄；男主角；偶像→____________ n. （pl.） 19．southwestern adj. 西南的；西南方向的→____________ n. 西南 词汇变形过关 sound hid beat beaten hidden unfortunate worse thankful thank think southwest heroes 17 20．terribly adv. 非常糟地；非常→____________ adj. 可怕的 21．sudden adj. 突然的；骤然的→____________ adv. 突然地 22．usual adj. 通常的；寻常的→____________ adv. 23．unlucky adj. 不幸的；不顺利的；不吉利的→ ____________(反义词) 写出下列词的比较级和最高级。 24．high → ____________ → ____________ 25．deep → ____________ → ____________ 26．wide → ____________ → ____________ 27．long → ____________ → ____________ 28．heavy → ____________ → ____________ 词汇变形过关 lucky terrible usually suddenly deeper higher longer heavier travel wider deepest highest longest heaviest widest 18 29．easy → ____________ → ____________ 30．lucky → ____________ → ____________ 31．thin → ____________ → ____________ 32．big → ____________ → ____________ 33．dangerous → ____________ → ____________ 34．exciting → ____________ → ____________ 35．wonderful → ____________ → ____________ 36．good → ____________ → ____________ 词汇变形过关 luckier easier bigger more dangerous thinner luckiest easiest biggest most dangerous thinnest more wonderful better more exciting most wonderful best most exciting 19 37．bad → ____________ → ____________ 38．much → ____________ → ____________ 39．little → ____________ → ____________ 40．far → ____________ → ____________ 41．fast → ____________ → ____________ 42．strong → ____________ → ____________ 43．brave → ____________ → ____________ 词汇变形过关 more worse farther faster less most worst farthest fastest least braver stronger bravest strongest 20 PART FOUR 04 词汇辨析过关 21 词汇辨析 rise raise 不及物动词，含义上升；升起；上涨。指事物自然自动向上，不用人为外力，后面不能直接加宾语。过去式 rose，过去分词 risen。The water rose quickly after the heavy rain. 大雨过后水位迅速上涨。 及物动词，含义举起；抬高；筹集。指人为主动去做，必须接宾语。过去式和过去分词都是 raised。We should raise money for the homeless people in the disaster area. 我们应该为灾区无家可归的人筹款。 22 词汇辨析 problem trouble 侧重难题；棘手的事。多指客观存在、需要解决的麻烦，常由天气、灾害、生活琐事引发。The strong wind brought many traffic problems. 大风带来了许多交通问题。 侧重麻烦；困境；烦恼。多指陷入糟糕的处境、遇到烦心事，常用搭配 be in trouble 处于困境。Many families were in trouble when the flood came. 洪水来临时，许多家庭陷入了困境。 question 侧重疑问；问答题。多指学习、提问、采访中需要别人回答的问题。The reporter asked some questions about the typhoon. 记者问了一些关于台风的问题。 23 词汇辨析 warn remind 含义警告；告诫。侧重点是提醒危险、警示风险，让人提防不好的事情。常用搭配：warn sb. about/of sth. 警告某人某事；warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事。The weather report warned us about the coming storm. 天气预报警告我们注意即将来临的暴风雨。 提醒；使想起。只是普通提醒别忘事，没有危险警示的意思。常用搭配：remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事。Please remind me to close the windows before leaving. 请提醒我离开前关好窗户。 24 词汇辨析 hide cover 躲藏；隐藏。侧重把人或物藏起来，不让别人发现、找到。The little cat hid under the bed during the thunder. 打雷时小猫躲在了床底下。 覆盖；遮盖。侧重用东西盖住表面，起到遮挡、铺满、保护的作用，不是刻意藏起来。Thick snow covered the whole village. 厚厚的白雪覆盖了整个村庄。 25 词汇辨析 nearly almost 不与 no、never、nobody 等否定词连用；可和 not 连用，not nearly 意为 “远非、远远不够”。Nearly all students know the safety rules. 几乎所有学生都知道安全规则。 语气比 nearly 更强，可以和 no、never、none 等否定词连用。Almost no one went out in the heavy storm. 暴风雨中几乎没人外出。 26 词汇辨析 provide supply 侧重无偿提供、主动供给生活所需、服务、场所、帮助。 多指为别人提供必需品、便利条件、安全住所、帮助支持，语气普通、日常通用，偏善意帮扶。The school provides safe places for students during the storm.暴风雨来临时，学校为学生提供安全的场所。 侧重供应、补给物资，多用于灾区、生活物资补给。搭配：supply sb. with sth. /supply sth. to sb.The army supplied food and water to the flooded area. 军队向洪水灾区供应食物和水。 offer 侧重主动自愿提供帮助，带有善意。常用 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事。Many volunteers offered to help clean up the street. 许多志愿者主动帮忙打扫街道。 27 词汇辨析 wake awake 实义动词，醒来；叫醒，常用 wake up。 The loud thunder woke me up at night. 巨大的雷声夜里把我吵醒了。 多作形容词，醒着的，只表状态，不做动作。 I was still awake when the storm came. 暴风雨来临时我还醒着。 28 1．The doctors and nurses often ________ the patients ________ take medicine on time. A．warn; to B．allow; to C．remind; to D．require; of 2．The soldier ________ the national flag every day when the sun ________. A．rises, raises B．rises, rises C．raises, rises D．raises, raises 3．—Does the organization ________ houses to the homeless people? —Yes. And it also ________ them with food. A．supply; provides B．supply; supplies C．provide; provides 4．If food ________ the energy to children, knowledge ________ the chance for the children to improve themselves and realize their dream. A．supplies; provides B．gives; supplies C．provides; supplies D．supplies; gives C C A A 词汇辨析过关 29 5．The man 1,000 pounds for the house and the owner agreed. A．supplied B．offered C．provided D．asked 6．—Can you answer this question? — Sorry sir, I can ______ understand it.. A．almost B．nearly C．hardly D．quite 7．--Can you understand me, Peter? --Sorry, Miss Wu. I can ______follow you. A．hardly B．almost C．always D．nearly 8．The boy often tells lies. So ______ nobody believes him this time. A．hardly B．nearly C．almost D．never 9．—What do you think of Jason? —He has me with his good sense of humour. A．impressed B．admired C．reminded D．warned B C A C A 30 10．Water pollution is a great________ to be solved now． A．question B．problem C．matter D．trouble 11．The baby is lying there with his eyes wide open. How long ______ he ______? A．did, wake up B．has, been awake C．has, been up D．has, been waking up 12．My teacher gave me much _____ on how to study English well when I had some trouble. A．advice B．question C．idea D．problem 13．Although the deaf _________ a lot of _________ communicating with others, they always try their best to make themselves understood. A．have, problem B．have, difficulty C．has, trouble D．has, questions 14．The demand for fresh fruit often ______ in summer so some shops ______ their selling prices accordingly to make more money. A．rises; rise B．raises; rise C．rises; raise D．raises; raises B B B A C 31 PART FIVE 05 知识点清单 32 重点句型 句式要点 1. By the time + 一般过去时句子，主句（过去完成时 / 一般过去时） 用法 1：主句用过去完成时（最核心用法，体现 “先完成”） 表示 “到从句事件发生时，主句动作已经全部完成”，是考试和写作的高频考点。 例句 1：By the time the firemen arrived, the wildfire had already destroyed the whole forest. （消防员赶到时，野火已经烧毁了整片森林。） 例句 2：By the time the rain stopped, the flood had flooded most houses in the village. （雨停的时候，洪水已经淹没了村里大部分房屋。） 例句 3：By the time the alarm went off, we had woken up and moved to a safe place. （警报响起时，我们已经醒来并转移到了安全的地方。） 用法 2：主句用一般过去时（特殊场景，体现 “同时发生 / 刚完成”） 当主句动作和从句动作几乎同时发生，或主句动作刚完成就迎来从句的时间点时，主句可用一般过去时，语气更口语化、叙事感更强。 例句 1：By the time we got home, the storm started to blow hard. （我们到家的时候，风暴就开始猛烈地刮起来了。） 例句 2：By the time the sun rose, the snowstorm ended. （太阳升起的时候，暴风雪停了。） 结合本单元，写出上面句式详解，详细些 33 重点句型 句式要点 2. It is + adj. (important/necessary/crucial) + (for sb.) + to do sth. 形式主语句型，核心功能是表达 “（对某人来说）做某事是…… 的”，用来评价行为的必要性、重要性或危险性。 在本单元（自然灾害主题）中，它是写作、口语表达 “防灾建议、安全常识” 的万能句型，语气客观正式，非常适合科普类、建议类文本。 句子里的 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 to do sth. 不定式短语，这样可以避免句子头重脚轻，让结构更清晰。 结合防灾、避险场景，以下形容词是写作和口语的首选： important（重要的）：强调行为的必要性 It is important to listen to the weather forecast before a typhoon. necessary（必要的）：表示 “必须做的事”，语气更强 It is necessary to turn off gas and electricity during an earthquake. crucial（至关重要的）：强调 “生死攸关” 的关键行为 It is crucial to stay calm when a wildfire breaks out. 34 重点句型 句式要点 2. It is + adj. (important/necessary/crucial) + (for sb.) + to do sth. essential（必不可少的）：和 necessary 用法接近，更书面化 It is essential to have an emergency kit at home. dangerous（危险的）：用来警示错误行为 It is dangerous to stay under a tree during a thunderstorm. safe（安全的）：描述避险的正确做法 It is safe to hide under a strong desk during an earthquake. 单元主题例句分层解析 1. 基础版（省略 for sb.，通用建议） It is important to keep away from windows during a tornado. 龙卷风期间远离窗户是很重要的。 It is dangerous to walk in the floodwater.在洪水中行走是危险的。 2. 进阶版（补充 for sb.，明确对象） It is necessary for students to learn safety rules before a disaster. 对学生来说，在灾害来临前学习安全规则是必要的。 35 重点句型 句式要点 2. It is + adj. (important/necessary/crucial) + (for sb.) + to do sth. It is crucial for people to move to higher ground during a flood. 对人们来说，洪水期间转移到高地是至关重要的。 3. 拓展版（结合情态动词 / 否定式，丰富表达 It is not safe to use an elevator during an earthquake. 地震期间使用电梯是不安全的。 It will be necessary to stock up on supplies before the snowstorm comes. 暴风雪来临前储备物资将是必要的。 考点与易错点避坑 形式主语 vs. 真正主语混淆 错误：To stay indoors is important during a storm.（语法正确但不够地道，不推荐写作使用） 正确：It is important to stay indoors during a storm.（更符合英语表达习惯） 介词误用：for sb. vs. of sb. 36 重点句型 句式要点 3.主语 + was/were doing sth. when + 一般过去时句子 贴合本单元《Nature's Temper》自然灾害主题，特别适合描写：正在做家务、睡觉、走路、在家休息时，突然遭遇暴风雨、打雷、台风、火灾、警报响起等突发天气和灾害场景，是八年级完形、语法填空、书面表达高频必考句型。 时态用法精讲 was/were doing：长动作、背景动作，一直在持续进行； when 后一般过去时：短动作、突发动作，瞬间发生，打断前面正在做的事。 逻辑：正在做……，突然…… 本单元主题例句 I was doing chores at home when the heavy rain came. 我正在家里做家务，这时大雨突然下了起来。 We were sleeping when the fire alarm went off suddenly. 我们正在睡觉，突然火警警报响了。 She was walking home when a strong wind blew heavily. 她正走在回家路上，突然刮起了大风。 37 重点句型 句式要点 3.主语 + was/were doing sth. when + 一般过去时句子 They were making preparations for the storm when the power was cut off. 他们正在为暴风雨做准备，这时突然停电了。 The villagers were staying indoors when the flood arrived. 村民们正待在室内，这时洪水突然来袭。 用法关键点 前半句必须用过去进行时 was/were doing，表正在进行；when 后面只能用一般过去时，表突发瞬间动作；when 在这里侧重突发转折，不能换成 while；常用于讲故事、写经历、描写自然灾害突发场面。 易错点提醒 不能前后都用过去进行时 We were walking when it was raining. We were walking when it rained. 主谓一致别搞错 单数主语（he/she/it/ 单个人名）用 was doing 复数主语 （we/you/they/ 多人）用 were doing 38 重点句型 句式要点 4. As soon as + 一般现在时 / 一般过去时句子，主句 核心含义 as soon as 意为：一…… 就……, 用来表示前后两个动作紧紧相连、立刻发生，中间几乎没有间隔。特别适合本单元天气预警、灾害来临、避险行动场景：一收到警报、一刮风下雨、一听到雷声，就立刻做出反应。 句式基本结构 As soon as + 从句，主句 从句动作一发生，主句动作马上就发生。 两种时态用法 用法 1：描述过去发生的事 As soon as + 一般过去时，主句也用一般过去时 表示：过去一发生某事，就立刻做了另一件事。 用法 2：描述将来要发生的事（主将从现） As soon as + 一般现在时，主句用一般将来时（will do） 口诀：主将从现 将来动作里，as soon as 引导的从句永远用一般现在时，不能用 will。 39 重点句型 句式要点 4. As soon as + 一般现在时 / 一般过去时句子，主句 本单元主题句 1 过去场景（主从句都用一般过去时） As soon as the storm came, we stayed inside our house. 暴风雨一来临，我们就待在了屋里。 As soon as we heard the warning, we made preparations for the flood. 我们一听到警报，就立刻为洪水做准备。 As soon as the rain beat against the window, the wind began to blow harder. 雨一敲打窗户，风就开始刮得更猛了。 As soon as the alarm went off, people ran to safe places. 警报一响，人们就立刻跑到了安全的地方。 2 将来场景（主将从现：从句一般现在时，主句 will） As soon as the weather report gives the warning, we will stay indoors. 天气预报一发出警报，我们就会待在室内。 As soon as the rain stops, we will go out to check our neighbourhood. 雨一停，我们就出去查看街区情况。 40 课本句子梳理 句式要点 5. Because of + 名词 / 名词短语，主句 because of 意为：因为……；由于……用来表示因果关系，前半句说明原因，后半句引出带来的结果。专门用于本单元天气、灾害、自然现象场景：因为大雨、台风、洪水、强风、浓雾等原因，导致交通、生活、出行受到影响。because of 后面不能接完整句子，只能接名词性短语。 本单元主题句 Because of + 天气 / 灾害名词 Because of the heavy rain, many roads were full of water. 由于大雨，许多道路积满了水。 Because of the strong wind, many trees fell down. 由于强风，许多大树倒了。 Because of the thick fog, people could hardly see the road .因为浓雾，人们几乎看不清路面。 Because of the sudden storm, we had to stay at home. 由于突如其来的暴风雨，我们只好待在家里。 41 课本句子梳理 句式要点 5. Because of + 名词 / 名词短语，主句 2. Because of + 名词短语 Because of the flood, many houses in the village were damaged. 因为洪水，村里许多房屋遭到了损坏。 Because of the power cut, we couldn’t use lights at night. 因为停电，我们晚上无法开灯。 3. Because of + 动名词（doing） Because of coming typhoon, people made preparations early. 因为台风即将来临，人们早早做好了准备。 同义替换（写作升级） 可以和 thanks to / due to 互换： thanks to 多用于好的结果 多亏、幸亏 Thanks to the volunteers, people got enough supplies. due to 正式书面语，可替代 because of Due to the typhoon, the flight was put off. 42 重点句型过关 1．Jane was dancing. At the same time, Jack was singing. (改为同义句) Jane was dancing ________ Jack was singing. 2．The rainstorm was very heavy. (改为同义句) It was raining ________ ________. 3．We keep safe during a storm by staying indoors.（改为同义句） We keep safe during a storm ________ ________ ________ staying indoors. 4．We should learn safety skills to protect ourselves during disasters.（改为同义句） ________________________________________________________________ 5．It’s necessary for us to learn how to rescue ourselves in emergencies. (改为同义句) ________________________________________________________________ Learning how to rescue ourselves in emergencies is necessary for us. while very heavily/hard by means of We should protect ourselves during disasters by learning safety skills. 43 6．was, when, the, ringing, was, phone, I, taking, a, shower （连词成句） ____________________________________________________ 7．future, eco-friendly, in, projects, play, important, an, role, will, the, (.) ____________________________________________________ 8．as, was, rising, the sun, I, woke up ___________________________________________________. 9．Mr Jones was watching TV when the typhoon happened. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ Mr Jones _________________ when the typhoon happened? 10．measures, what, take, we, to, should, protect, nature (?) _____________________________________________________________ The phone was ringing when I was taking a shower. Eco-friendly projects will play an important role in the future. I woke up as the sun was rising What was doing What measures should we take to protect nature? 44 THE END $