Unit 7 课时3 Section 2 Grammar（分层作业）英语新教材沪教版八年级下册

Unit 7 Space exploration Section 3 Grammar分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、夯实基础 1,过去进行时的构成: ___________ +_______________ 翻译：昨天八点钟我正在上英语课。 2, 过去进行时的标志性： 昨天这个时候________________ 昨天那个时候_________________ when while 等。 3.when 和 while 的区别 when 引导的从句中谓语动词通常是比较短暂的动作，用一般过去时；while 从句中的谓语成分则常常是较长的动作，用过去进行时，表示“在……时候”。 1.I was doing my homework ______ my mother came back home. A. while B. when C. before D. after 2. ______ my father was watching TV, I was reading a book. A. While B. When C. Until D. As soon as 3.While they ______ basketball on the playground, the teacher arrived. A. play B. played C. were playing D. are playing 一、单项选择 1.Students in Grade Nine ____________a maths exam at this time yesterday. A. take B. are taking C. were taking D. have taken 2.Amon ____________ his ship in a big storm when a giant fish came out of the sea. A. will sail B. is sailing C. was sailing D. has sailed 3.---Hurry up! ---One moment. I ______ my e-mail and then I’m ready to go. A. read B. am reading C. was reading D. have read 4.---I’ve never seen Mr. Taylor before. ---Don’t worry. I ______ him to you before the meeting. A. will introduce B. introduced C. have introduced D. had introduced 5.— I called you last night, but nobody answered. Where were you then? — Oh, I ____________ my pet dog in my yard. A. walked B. was walking C. am walking D. will walk 6.–Linda, Dad has finished his work and we ___________ to the gym to pick you up. -Thank you, Mum. A. drive B. drove C. have driven D. are driving 7.—It's ten years since we came here. —How time flies! We ____ in China for so long. A. work B. worked C. will work D. have worked 8. While we _______ the picnic, it _______ to rain. A. are having; started B. have; is starting C. were having; started D. were having; was starting 9. He ______ in Italy when he _______ the accident. A. travelled; had B. was travelling; had C. was travelling; was having D. travelled; was having 10 — Why were you angry? — Because they _______ too much noise. A. are making B. were making C. make D. have made 11. —When ________ a fashion show ________ in our school hall, Millie? —I’m not quite sure. I’m looking forward to it! A. does; hold B. is; held C. was; held D. will; be held 12. My mother was cooking in the kitchen ________ my father was reading a newspaper on the sofa. A. when B. while C. before D. after 13. China ________ a lot of great changes in the past forty years. A. has had B. had C. have D. will have 14. AI has had a great influence on learning methods since it ________ into schools. A. introduce B. introduced C. is introduced D. was introduced 15. —________ you ________ the film before, Lily? —Yes. I ________ it online the other day. A. Have; seen; have seen B. Did; see; saw C. Have; seen; saw D. Did; see; have seen 二、用词的正确形式填空（请思考学会各种时态的分辨 ) 1.It _______________ ( rain ) when I went out yesterday. 2.My father __________(play) a basketball match at nine last night. 3. They ______________ (practise ) singing at that time 4. While he _____________ ( read ) , he _________ ( listen ) to the music yesterday. 5. The engineers ___________ （test）the new machine when the electricity ___________ （go）off. 6. While Mum ___________ （put）Kevin to bed, the doorbell ___________ （ring）. 7. She and I _______ （take）a walk together every evening. 8. Su Hai and Su Yang _________(have) eight lessons this term. 9.My aunt is a writer. She _______ (write)more than ten books since 2000. 10.My pen pal said he would write to me, but I _______ (receive)any letters from him so far. 11. There   (be)a meeting tomorrow afternoon.   12.Before he (leave), Xian became the schools best student and won several prizes for his talents. 13. Too much care spoils their fun when they . (grow up) 14. She promised to help him and _________ (give)him three golden apples. 15. A new road _________(build) near my school next year. 16. During my last visit, 150 patients ________ by our volunteer doctors. (operate) 三、翻译句子。 1. 当你看见他们的时候他们在干什么？他们在打扫教室。 2. 今天上午放学的时候在下雨吗？ 是的， 天正下着大雨。 3. 当我离开的时候他正在画一幅世界地图。 4. 母亲下班回家的时候，约翰在写给一个朋友写信。 5. 老师走进教室的时候，学术们正在谈论当天的新闻。 四、短文填词 语法填空 On October 31, 2023, at 23:44, China’s Shenzhou XXI manned spacecraft (载人飞船) was sent up into the sky, carrying commander (指令长) Zhang Lu and his 1 (teammate), Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang, into space. After the spaceship docked (对接) with the Tiangong space station, Zhang Lu and his team 2 (welcome) by the three astronauts already on board. During their six-month stay, Zhang Lu is supposed 3 (perform) many important tasks, such as doing scientific experiments and giving science lessons to students back on Earth. This is the second time that Zhang Lu 4 (enter) the space station. His journey to becoming an astronaut was long and full of hard work. Zhang Lu comes from Hanshou County, Changde City, Hunan Province. After years of difficult training, he successfully became an astronaut in 2010. However, he didn’t fly to space 5 November 2022, when he made his first trip to Tiangong space station and lived and worked there for six months. He deeply realized that the 6 (hard) he trained, the more confident he would be in facing space challenges. During that first mission (太空飞行任务), besides his scientific work, Zhang Lu showed his 7 (expect) personal side. He played the harmonica (口琴) and read poems in paper books. Now, as the commander of this new mission, Zhang Lu takes on 8 greater sense of responsibility. He is responsible 9 the success of the mission and the team’s safety. Zhang Lu’s story shows us that with hard work and a loving heart, common people can also achieve great things. His journey encourages all of us to study hard, build strong character, and be ready to make our nation stronger when our time comes, and this spirit has been 10 (wide) spread among young people. 五、阅读配对 太空探索充满了奥秘,不同的人对太空有着不同的兴趣。请阅读左栏五个人的需求描述,为他们匹配最合适的太空相关活动或资源。 1 Leo is a big fan of space travel. He wants to be an astronaut one day. He is very interested in how astronauts live and work in space. 2 Maya loves looking at the sky at night. She wants to learn how to find stars and planets easily. 3 Sam likes history. He wants to know about the first men on the moon and old spaceships. 4 Chloe cares about the environment. She wants to learn about the trash in space and why it is bad. 5 David thinks there might be aliens. He wants to know how scientists look for new planets. A. Star Watching Night: Come to the school playground this Friday! Teachers will use telescopes to help you see the moon and bright stars. It is easy and fun. B. Search for New Worlds: This website shows pictures of new planets found by scientists. It tells you how they look for places where life could exist. C. Space History Museum: Visit our museum to see old photos of the first moon landing. You can also see real spacesuits and models of early rockets. D. Life in Space Video: Watch this short video to see how astronauts eat, sleep, and exercise on the space station. It shows their interesting daily life. E. Space Food Tasting Party: Try real astronaut food like dried fruit and space ice cream! Learn how scientists make food safe for space travel. F. Clean Space Project: Read this article to learn about “space junk.” It explains where the trash comes from and how it can hurt satellites. G. Rocket Building Workshop: Build your own paper rocket and learn about how rockets launch into space. Compete with friends to see whose rocket flies the farthest! 六、语法选择 Waving her 5 year-old daughter goodbye, Wang Yaping was about to set off. She together with Zhai Zhigang and Ye Guangfu, went into space aboard the Shenzhou XIII 1 Oct 16. The 41-year-old Wang became the first female astronaut to enter Tiangong space station. During their six-month stay, Wang alongside Zhai and Ye will do experiments and set up robotic arms. 2 Wang will also do the first spacewalk by a Chinese woman, reported Xinhua. Wang’s space dream started in 2003, when China sent its first astronaut Yang Liwei into space. She told 3 “China now has a male astronaut. When will there be 4 female one?” At that time, Wang was a pilot in the Chinese army. After 5 safe flights for 1,600 hours over nine years, Wang was a strong candidate(候选人) to become an astronaut in 2010. She knew 6 she should do so. She was very strict with herself, getting the same training as men, including the pull-ups and barbells. “The space environment won’t change 7 you are a woman,” she told Xinhua. The most difficult part is the high-G training. Sitting in a spinning machine, Wang would become blind for a while because her brain was short of blood. “There’s a red button,” said Wang, “If you can’t bear it, you can press it 8 .” Wang never used it. “There is no such red button in my heart.” That strong spirit 9 led to realizing her dream in 2013. She 10 to be a member of the Shenzhou X mission. Wang said that as astronauts, women had their own advantages. “Women tend to be more patient and 11 better deal with loneliness. Women’s hearts are also 12 to adapt to the weightless environment making them more suitable for long-term missions.” Retired NASA astronaut Catherine Coleman 13 a greeting to Wang before the Shenzhou XII trip. Coleman said, “When you look out of the window and see the stars and the Earth, 14 women will look out of that window with you. Wang ___15___ the spirit of every young woman who dreams of something big.” 1. A. in B. on C. for D. at 2. A. And B. But C. So D. Or 3. A. she B. her C. hers D. herself 4. A. a B. an C. the D. / 5. A. has B. have C. having D. had 6. A. how B. that C. what D. whether 7. A. because B. unless C. while D. until 8. A. stop B. stopped C. stopping D. to stop 9. A. success B. succeed C. successful D. successfully 10. A. chooses B. chose C. was chosen D. is chosen 11. A. need B. can C. must D. would 12. A. easier B. the easiest C. more easily D. most easily 13. A. send B. sends C. sent D. was sending 14. A. billion B. billions C. billion of D. billions of 15. A. carry B. carries C. carried D. carrying 七、完形填空 When I entered middle school, Mr. Jackson taught us science. On the first day of class, he gave us a talk about an animal called “wampus”. He told us that the wampus lived on the earth millions of years ago during the Ice Age and died out because of the change of climate. We all listened carefully and took 1 of everything he said. Later we had a 2 . When the exam paper was 3 to me, I was surprised and sad. There was a big red “×” through each of my answers. I failed. But how come? Anyway, on the test paper, I had written down what Mr. Jackson said in class. Then I realized that no one 4 the exam at all. What had happened? “Very simple,” Mr. Jackson explained. “I had 5 all that story about the wampus. There had never been any such animal, so the information in your notes was not correct. Do you expect to get high marks for incorrect answers?” There was no need to say we were 6 . What kind of test was this? What kind of teacher was he? How could we believe he gave us so much information about an animal that had not been there at all? How was it possible for us students to 7 what the teacher taught us? “The zeros on your papers will be 8 in your grade books,” he said. And he did it. Through this experience, Mr. Jackson hoped that we would learn something. Teachers and books are not always 9 . In fact, no one is. He told us not to let our mind go to sleep. Instead, we should keep thinking all the time and speak up if we think there are mistakes in our teachers’ words or in books. We should develop the habit of doubting and the ability to decide by ourselves. What a special 10 he gave us! 1. A. messages B. notes C. supports D. steps 2. A. discussion B. question C. plan D. test 3. A. returned B. directed C. compared D. added 4. A. passed B. refused C. completed D. failed 5. A. took up B. made up C. turned up D. put up 6. A. sad B. glad C. relaxed D. angry 7. A. forget B. repeat C. doubt D. believe 8. A. collected B. recorded C. described D. circled 9. A. interesting B. right C. active D. efficient 10. A. report B. promise C. model D. lesson 八、阅读理解 A “Are we alone? What’s out there?” People have always looked up at the stars and wondered about space. 1 After many tests, they succeeded in making rockets that could overcome Earth’s gravity (重力). Ever since then, humans’ exploration (探索) of space has begun. 2 China’s space program started late in the last century, but it has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003. 3 It is large enough to allow astronauts to carry out many important scientific studies. More recently, the Shenzhou-22 manned spaceship was successfully sent into space on November 25th, 2025. Besides the exploration near the Earth, many countries are doing some research on other planets. For example, on July 23rd, 2020, China sent Tianwen-1 to explore the surface of Mars. Planets like Mars might be safe enough for humans to live on. 4 There is still a long way for humans to go to explore space. If you are interested in space walking, go for your dream. 5 Maybe you will become one of the engineers who work on China’s space exploration. A. China has never stopped its steps exploring space. B. So far, no more progress into the space has been made. C. It certainly requires a lot of hard work and a strong will. D. However, scientists made up their minds to make it come true. E. In 2022, China completely set up its own space station, Tiangong. F. This shows that exploring other planets could help find humanity’s future homes. B ①China is working on a big plan to put a wireless network (无线网) on the moon. This is part of its space exploration (探索) program. After Chang’e 6 finishes its mission (任务), two more spacecraft will be sent to get ready for the International Lunar Research Station (ILRS). Chang’e 7 is set to go in 2026, and Chang’e 8 will follow around 2029. ②A space official from China, Bian Zhigang, said that Chang’e 7 will look at the environment and resources (资源) near the moon’s South Pole. Then, Chang’e 8 will try out ways to use the moon’s resources. This will help them get ready for building the ILRS, which they hope to start using by 2035. ③Two steps will be required to build the ILRS. First, people will make a simple model at the moon’s South Pole. It will be able to do science work in an area within 100 kilometers. They will use a network that connects the Earth and the moon for different missions, like sending robots to explore the moon and astronauts landing on the moon. This will create a research platform with basic functions. ④The second step is to make the station better by 2050. They want to build a network of lunar stations that will have a main station at the South Pole and other stations at the equator and the far side of the moon. This will provide people with a large research platform for long-term robot missions and short-term human missions. ⑤Guo Feng, another space official, said that Chang’e 8 will make sure there is a way to communicate and have power on the moon. Scientists are also thinking about if they can grow plants on the moon. This might be part of the scientific research for Chang’e 8. ⑥Since 2017, many countries and groups have agreed to work with China on this project. More than 10 countries and over 40 international organizations have signed agreements with China, showing that many people around the world are interested in exploring the moon together. 1. Which two spacecraft are mentioned as part of the preparation for the ILRS? A. Chang’e 5 and Chang’e 6. B. Chang’e 7 and Chang’e 8. C. Tianwen 1 and Tianwen 2. D. Shenzhou 13 and Shenzhou 14. 2. How does the writer show China’s important lunar exploration steps? A. By talking about what was found. B. By comparing with other countries. C. By listing main events in order. D. By giving different reasons. 3. Which of the following shows the best structure of this passage? A. B. C. D. 4. What will the writer probably discuss after the last paragraph? A. The challenges of space travel B. Main difficulties in building the ILRS. C. The history of lunar exploration. D. Some examples of working together. C On the afternoon of November 14, Beijing Time, the Shenzhou-20 astronaut crew—Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie—successfully landed at the Dongfeng Landing Site by taking the Shenzhou-21 spaceship. This marked a safe end to their 204-day space mission. Their return was first planned for November 5, but it was put off for nine days. The reason was a small crack in Shenzhou-20’s porthole (舷窗), which was caused by space debris (碎片) hitting it. This unprecedented emergency (紧急情况) started China’s well-prepared “one main and one backup” (一主一备) space rescue plan. Instead of taking the risk of coming back in the damaged spaceship, the crew moved to Shenzhou-21. This is the first time in China’s manned space history that another working spaceship has carried a different group of astronauts back to Earth. While waiting for the new return time, the three astronauts kept doing scientific experiments with the Shenzhou-21 crew. They added useful data to their research. During their record-breaking stay in space, the Shenzhou-20 team finished four spacewalks, seven cargo transfer tasks, and a set of advanced experiments in space life sciences and materials science. Their achievements, including heating tungsten alloy (钨合金) to 3100℃, provided very important data for related fields. The smooth emergency return fully showed how reliable China’s manned space engineering system is. From the quick start of the emergency plan to the accurate teamwork of the ground team and the spacecraft’s smart response to faults, every part proved that China’s space abilities are getting better. After landing, the astronauts were checked and found to be in good health. This mission proved that China’s space program has passed the test successfully and given a great answer to the nation’s hopes. 1. Why was the Shenzhou-20 crew’s return put off? A. The landing site had bad weather B. The crew needed to finish more experiments C. The Shenzhou-21 spaceship was not ready D. A small crack was on Shenzhou-20’s porthole 2. Why did the Shenzhou-20 crew choose to return by Shenzhou-21? A. Shenzhou-21 was more comfortable than Shenzhou-20 B. Shenzhou-20 had a problem and was not safe for return C. Shenzhou-21 could carry more astronauts D. The ground team asked them to try a new spaceship 3. What can we infer (推断) from the “one main and one backup” space rescue plan? A. China has a perfect space emergency system. B. Shenzhou-21 was originally a backup spacecraft. C. The crew had predicted the porthole crack in advance. D. Such a plan is used frequently in space missions. 4. What does the successful emergency return tell us? A. Space debris can never hit spacecraft. B. The “one main and one backup” plan won’t be needed in the future. C. China’s astronauts are the most experienced in the world. D. China’s manned space engineering system is reliable. 5. What is the main topic of this text? A. The scientific experiments done by Shenzhou-20 crew in space. B. The “one main and one backup” space rescue plan in China. C. The reasons for the delay of Shenzhou-20 crew’s return. D. The safe emergency return of Shenzhou-20 astronauts and its meaning. 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 Space exploration Section 3 Grammar分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、夯实基础 1,过去进行时的构成: ___________ +_______________ 翻译：昨天八点钟我正在上英语课。 【答案】1.was /were ving I was having an English lesson at 8 yesterday evening. 2, 过去进行时的标志性： 昨天这个时候________________ 昨天那个时候_________________ when while 等。 【答案】at this time yesterday at that time yesterday 3.when 和 while 的区别 when 引导的从句中谓语动词通常是比较短暂的动作，用一般过去时；while 从句中的谓语成分则常常是较长的动作，用过去进行时，表示“在……时候”。 1.I was doing my homework ______ my mother came back home. A. while B. when C. before D. after 【答案】B 【解析】从句中 came back（回来）是短暂动作，符合 when 的用法（短暂动作 + 一般过去时）；while 后需接持续动作的过去进行时，此处不符合。故选 B。 2. ______ my father was watching TV, I was reading a book. A. While B. When C. Until D. As soon as 【答案】A 【解析】从句中 was watching TV（看电视）是持续动作，符合 while 的用法（持续动作 + 过去进行时）；when 可接短暂动作，此处从句为持续动作，不选 B。故选 A。 3.While they ______ basketball on the playground, the teacher arrived. A. play B. played C. were playing D. are playing 【答案】C 【解析】while 引导的从句中，play basketball（打篮球）是持续动作，需用过去进行时，结合主句 arrived（一般过去时），此处用 were playing 符合语法规则。故选 C。 一、单项选择  1.Students in Grade Nine ____________a maths exam at this time yesterday. A. take B. are taking C. were taking D. have taken 【答案】C 【解析】句意：昨天这个时候九年级的学生正在参加数学考试。考查动词时态辨析。at this time yesterday昨天这个时候，用于过去进行时“was/were + doing”结构；根据句意结构和语境，可知选C。 2.Amon ____________ his ship in a big storm when a giant fish came out of the sea. A. will sail B. is sailing C. was sailing D. has sailed 【答案】C 【解析】句意：阿蒙驾船在暴风雨中航行时，一条大鱼从海里游了出来。考查动词时态辨析。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，时态遵循主过从过；根据when a giant fish came out of the sea.可知遇到大雨时阿蒙正在航行，主句需用过去进行时，故选C。 3.---Hurry up! ---One moment. I ______ my e-mail and then I’m ready to go. A. read B. am reading C. was reading D. have read 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——快点！——马上，我在读电子邮件，我准备走了。根据read一般现在时态的结构，am reading现在进行时态的结构，was reading过去进行时态的结构， have read现在完成时态的结构；根据One moment.和 then I’m ready to go.可知是我正在读，现在进行时态；故选B。 4.---I’ve never seen Mr. Taylor before. ---Don’t worry. I ______ him to you before the meeting. A. will introduce B. introduced C. have introduced D. had introduced 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——以前我从来没见过Taylor先生。——不要担心，开会前我会把他介绍给你的。根据will introduce一般将来时态的结构，introduced一般过去时态的结构，have introduced现在完成时态的结构，had introduced过去完成时态的结构；根据Don’t worry.和 before the meeting.可知是将来时态；故选A。 5.— I called you last night, but nobody answered. Where were you then? — Oh, I ____________ my pet dog in my yard. A. walked B. was walking C. am walking D. will walk 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我昨晚给你打电话了，但是没有人接。那时你在哪里?——哦，我在院子里遛我的宠物狗。考查动词时态辨析。根据句意语境可知，昨晚你打电话时我正在遛狗，需用过去进行时“was/were doing”结构，故选B。 6.–Linda, Dad has finished his work and we ___________ to the gym to pick you up. -Thank you, Mum. A. drive B. drove C. have driven D. are driving 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——Linda，爸爸下班了，我们就要开车去健身房接你。——谢谢你们，妈妈。考查现在进行时。A. drive驾驶、开车，动词原形；B. drove过去式；C. have driven现在完成时；D. are driving现在进行时。根据Linda, Dad has finished his work and we _____ to the gym to pick you up. 可知，前半句用的是现在完成时，表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响，即爸爸的工作已完成，那么现在的话就是要开车去接你，所以这里应该是“就要开车去接你”；drive可以用现在进行时形式表示将来。故答案选D。 7.—It's ten years since we came here. —How time flies! We ____ in China for so long. A. work B. worked C. will work D. have worked 【答案】D 【解析】句意：-自从我们来到这里已经有10年了。-时间过得真快啊！我们在中国工作了这么长时间了。work工作，动词原形；worked工作，一般过去时；will work一般将来时；have worked现在完成时。根据对话的情景以及句中的时间状语for so long可知，这里表示从过去一直持续到现在的一个动作，应用现在完成时，故选D。 8. While we _______ the picnic, it _______ to rain. A. are having; started B. have; is starting C. were having; started D. were having; was starting 【答案】C 【解析】句意：当我们在野餐时，下雨了。考查时态。过去进行时表示在过去某一个动作发生时， 另一个动作正在发生。故答案选C 9. He ______ in Italy when he _______ the accident. A. travelled; had B. was travelling; had C. was travelling; was having D. travelled; was having 【答案】B 【解析】表示过去某个动作正在进行时，另一个动作发生了。此时通常用when连接。 10 — Why were you angry? — Because they _______ too much noise. A. are making B. were making C. make D. have made 【答案】B 【解析】根据题意这表示过去某一特定时刻正在进行的动作故用过去进行时。 11. —When ________ a fashion show ________ in our school hall, Millie? —I’m not quite sure. I’m looking forward to it! A. does; hold B. is; held C. was; held D. will; be held 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——米莉，我们学校的礼堂什么时候会举办时装秀？——我不太确定。我很期待！ 根据答语“I’m not quite sure. I’m looking forward to it!”可知，时装秀还没有举办，所以问句应用一般将来时；主语“a fashion show”和动词“hold”之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will+be+过去分词”，所以第一空用will，第二空用be held。 12. My mother was cooking in the kitchen ________ my father was reading a newspaper on the sofa. A. when B. while C. before D. after 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我妈妈正在厨房做饭，与此同时我爸爸正在沙发上看报纸。 when当……时候；while与……同时；before在……之前；after在……之后。根据was cooking和was reading可知，两个动作都是过去进行时，表示过去同一时间正在进行的动作，强调同时性，应用while引导。 13. China ________ a lot of great changes in the past forty years. A. has had B. had C. have D. will have 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在过去的四十年里，中国发生了许多巨大的变化。 根据“in the past forty years”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，其结构是“have/has done”，主语“China”是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，应填has had。 14. AI has had a great influence on learning methods since it ________ into schools. A. introduce B. introduced C. is introduced D. was introduced 【答案】D 【解析】句意：自从人工智能被引入学校以来，它对学习方法产生了很大的影响。 since引导的时间状语从句中，主句为现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时；主语“it”指代AI，与动词introduce之间是被动关系，表示“AI被引入”，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were+过去分词。应填入was introduced。 15. —________ you ________ the film before, Lily? —Yes. I ________ it online the other day. A. Have; seen; have seen B. Did; see; saw C. Have; seen; saw D. Did; see; have seen 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你之前看过这部电影吗，丽丽？——是的。我前几天在网上看了它。 考查现在完成时和一般过去时。根据问句中时间状语before“之前”，用现在完成时，表示动作发生在过去，对现在产生影响；答句中时间状语the other day“前几天”，表明动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。故选C。 二、用词的正确形式填空（请思考学会各种时态的分辨 ) 1.It _______________ ( rain ) when I went out yesterday. 2.My father __________(play) a basketball match at nine last night. 3. They ______________ (practise ) singing at that time 4. While he _____________ ( read ) , he _________ ( listen ) to the music yesterday. 5. The engineers ___________ （test）the new machine when the electricity ___________ （go）off. 6. While Mum ___________ （put）Kevin to bed, the doorbell ___________ （ring）. 7. She and I _______ （take）a walk together every evening. 8. Su Hai and Su Yang _________(have) eight lessons this term. 9.My aunt is a writer. She _______ (write)more than ten books since 2000. 10.My pen pal said he would write to me, but I _______ (receive)any letters from him so far. 11. There   (be)a meeting tomorrow afternoon.   12.Before he (leave), Xian became the schools best student and won several prizes for his talents. 13. Too much care spoils their fun when they . (grow up) 14. She promised to help him and _________ (give)him three golden apples. 15. A new road _________(build) near my school next year. 16. During my last visit, 150 patients ________ by our volunteer doctors. (operate) 【答案】1.was raining 2.was playing 3.were pratising 4. Was reading was listening 5.were testing went 6.was putting rang 7.take 8.have 9.has written 10.have received 11.will be/is going to be 12.left 13.are growing up 14.gave 15.will be built 16.were operated 三、翻译句子。 1. 当你看见他们的时候他们在干什么？他们在打扫教室。 2. 今天上午放学的时候在下雨吗？ 是的， 天正下着大雨。 3. 当我离开的时候他正在画一幅世界地图。 4. 母亲下班回家的时候，约翰在写给一个朋友写信。 5. 老师走进教室的时候，学术们正在谈论当天的新闻。 【答案】1.What were they doing when you saw them? They were cleaning the classroom. 2. Was it raining when school was over this morning? Yes, it was raining heavily. 3. When I left, he was drawing a map of the world. 4. John was writing to one of his friends when his mothers came back from work. 5. When the teacher came into the classroom, the students were talking about that day’s news. 四、短文填词 语法填空 On October 31, 2023, at 23:44, China’s Shenzhou XXI manned spacecraft (载人飞船) was sent up into the sky, carrying commander (指令长) Zhang Lu and his 1 (teammate), Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang, into space. After the spaceship docked (对接) with the Tiangong space station, Zhang Lu and his team 2 (welcome) by the three astronauts already on board. During their six-month stay, Zhang Lu is supposed 3 (perform) many important tasks, such as doing scientific experiments and giving science lessons to students back on Earth. This is the second time that Zhang Lu 4 (enter) the space station. His journey to becoming an astronaut was long and full of hard work. Zhang Lu comes from Hanshou County, Changde City, Hunan Province. After years of difficult training, he successfully became an astronaut in 2010. However, he didn’t fly to space 5 November 2022, when he made his first trip to Tiangong space station and lived and worked there for six months. He deeply realized that the 6 (hard) he trained, the more confident he would be in facing space challenges. During that first mission (太空飞行任务), besides his scientific work, Zhang Lu showed his 7 (expect) personal side. He played the harmonica (口琴) and read poems in paper books. Now, as the commander of this new mission, Zhang Lu takes on 8 greater sense of responsibility. He is responsible 9 the success of the mission and the team’s safety. Zhang Lu’s story shows us that with hard work and a loving heart, common people can also achieve great things. His journey encourages all of us to study hard, build strong character, and be ready to make our nation stronger when our time comes, and this spirit has been 10 (wide) spread among young people. 【答案】1. teammates 2. were welcomed 3. to perform 4. has entered 5. until 6. harder 7. unexpected 8. a 9. for 10. widely 【解析】本文介绍了神舟二十一号载人飞船指令长张陆的航天经历，包括他的太空任务、成长历程、个人风采以及他的精神对年轻人的激励，展现了中国航天员的奋斗与担当。 1. 句意：2023年10月31日23:44，中国神舟二十一号载人飞船发射升空，搭载指令长张陆和他的队友吴菲、张洪章进入太空。根据后文“Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang” 可知，队友不止一位，因此可数名词 “teammate” 需要使用复数形式。 2. 句意：飞船与天宫空间站对接后，张陆和他的团队受到了已经在空间站的三名航天员的欢迎。主语“Zhang Lu and his team”是动作“welcome”的承受者，因此使用被动语态；事件发生在过去，主语为复数，be动词用were，welcome的过去分词是welcomed，故填were welcomed。 3. 句意：在为期六个月的停留期间，张陆需要执行许多重要任务，例如进行科学实验、给地球上的学生上科学课。“be supposed to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“应该 / 需要做某事”，因此此处填动词不定式to perform。 4. 句意：这是张陆第二次进入空间站。“This is the second time that + 主语 + 现在完成时”是固定句型，主语“Zhang Lu”是第三人称单数，enter的现在完成时形式是has entered。 5. 句意：然而，直到2022年11月，他才首次前往天宫空间站，并在那里生活和工作了六个月。“not...until...”是固定结构，意为“直到……才……”，符合语境。 6. 句意：他深刻地意识到，训练越刻苦，面对太空挑战时就越自信。“the+比较级，the+比较级”是固定句型，意为“越……，越……”，因此“hard”需要使用比较级 harder。 7. 句意：在第一次太空任务中，除了科研工作，张陆展现了他出人意料的个人一面。他吹口琴，读纸质书里的诗歌。此处需要形容词修饰名词“side”，根据语境，“出人意料的”用“expect”的否定形容词形式unexpected。 8. 句意：现在，作为这次新任务的指令长，张陆肩负着更强的责任感。“a sense of responsibility”是固定搭配，意为“责任感”，“greater”以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a。 9. 句意：他对任务的成功和团队的安全负责。“be responsible for”是固定搭配，意为“对……负责”。 10. 句意：这种精神已经在年轻人中广泛传播。此处需要副词修饰动词“spread”，“wide”的副词形式是widely。 五、阅读配对 太空探索充满了奥秘,不同的人对太空有着不同的兴趣。请阅读左栏五个人的需求描述,为他们匹配最合适的太空相关活动或资源。 1 Leo is a big fan of space travel. He wants to be an astronaut one day. He is very interested in how astronauts live and work in space. 2 Maya loves looking at the sky at night. She wants to learn how to find stars and planets easily. 3 Sam likes history. He wants to know about the first men on the moon and old spaceships. 4 Chloe cares about the environment. She wants to learn about the trash in space and why it is bad. 5 David thinks there might be aliens. He wants to know how scientists look for new planets. A. Star Watching Night: Come to the school playground this Friday! Teachers will use telescopes to help you see the moon and bright stars. It is easy and fun. B. Search for New Worlds: This website shows pictures of new planets found by scientists. It tells you how they look for places where life could exist. C. Space History Museum: Visit our museum to see old photos of the first moon landing. You can also see real spacesuits and models of early rockets. D. Life in Space Video: Watch this short video to see how astronauts eat, sleep, and exercise on the space station. It shows their interesting daily life. E. Space Food Tasting Party: Try real astronaut food like dried fruit and space ice cream! Learn how scientists make food safe for space travel. F. Clean Space Project: Read this article to learn about “space junk.” It explains where the trash comes from and how it can hurt satellites. G. Rocket Building Workshop: Build your own paper rocket and learn about how rockets launch into space. Compete with friends to see whose rocket flies the farthest! 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. F 5. B 【解析】本文介绍了五个人的不同太空兴趣需求，以及七个太空相关活动或资源的介绍，需要为每人匹配最合适的选项。 1. Leo是太空旅行的超级粉丝，想成为宇航员，对宇航员在太空的生活和工作非常感兴趣。D选项“Life in Space Video”介绍通过短视频了解宇航员在空间站如何吃饭、睡觉和锻炼，展示了有趣的日常生活，与Leo的需求匹配。 2. Maya喜欢夜晚看天空，想学习如何轻松找到星星和行星。A选项“Star Watching Night”介绍老师将用望远镜帮助观看月亮和亮星，既简单又有趣，与Maya的需求匹配。 3. Sam喜欢历史，想了解第一批登月的人和老式飞船。C选项“Space History Museum”介绍参观博物馆可以看到首次登月的老照片、真实的宇航服和早期火箭模型，与Sam的需求匹配。 4. Chloe关心环境，想了解太空中的垃圾及其危害。F选项“Clean Space Project”介绍阅读文章了解“太空垃圾”，解释垃圾的来源以及如何损坏卫星，与Chloe的需求匹配。 5. David认为可能有外星人，想了解科学家如何寻找新行星。B选项“Search for New Worlds”介绍网站展示科学家发现的新行星图片，并介绍如何寻找可能存在生命的地方，与David的需求匹配。 六、语法选择 Waving her 5 year-old daughter goodbye, Wang Yaping was about to set off. She together with Zhai Zhigang and Ye Guangfu, went into space aboard the Shenzhou XIII 1 Oct 16. The 41-year-old Wang became the first female astronaut to enter Tiangong space station. During their six-month stay, Wang alongside Zhai and Ye will do experiments and set up robotic arms. 2 Wang will also do the first spacewalk by a Chinese woman, reported Xinhua. Wang’s space dream started in 2003, when China sent its first astronaut Yang Liwei into space. She told 3 “China now has a male astronaut. When will there be 4 female one?” At that time, Wang was a pilot in the Chinese army. After 5 safe flights for 1,600 hours over nine years, Wang was a strong candidate(候选人) to become an astronaut in 2010. She knew 6 she should do so. She was very strict with herself, getting the same training as men, including the pull-ups and barbells. “The space environment won’t change 7 you are a woman,” she told Xinhua. The most difficult part is the high-G training. Sitting in a spinning machine, Wang would become blind for a while because her brain was short of blood. “There’s a red button,” said Wang, “If you can’t bear it, you can press it 8 .” Wang never used it. “There is no such red button in my heart.” That strong spirit 9 led to realizing her dream in 2013. She 10 to be a member of the Shenzhou X mission. Wang said that as astronauts, women had their own advantages. “Women tend to be more patient and 11 better deal with loneliness. Women’s hearts are also 12 to adapt to the weightless environment making them more suitable for long-term missions.” Retired NASA astronaut Catherine Coleman 13 a greeting to Wang before the Shenzhou XII trip. Coleman said, “When you look out of the window and see the stars and the Earth, 14 women will look out of that window with you. Wang ___15___ the spirit of every young woman who dreams of something big.” 1. A. in B. on C. for D. at 2. A. And B. But C. So D. Or 3. A. she B. her C. hers D. herself 4. A. a B. an C. the D. / 5. A. has B. have C. having D. had 6. A. how B. that C. what D. whether 7. A. because B. unless C. while D. until 8. A. stop B. stopped C. stopping D. to stop 9. A. success B. succeed C. successful D. successfully 10. A. chooses B. chose C. was chosen D. is chosen 11. A. need B. can C. must D. would 12. A. easier B. the easiest C. more easily D. most easily 13. A. send B. sends C. sent D. was sending 14. A. billion B. billions C. billion of D. billions of 15. A. carry B. carries C. carried D. carrying 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. D 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了王亚平从飞行员到宇航员的艰辛历程。 1. 句意：10月16日，她与翟志刚、叶光富一起乘坐神舟十三号进入太空。 in其后加早中晚；on其后加星期或具体的时间；for其后加一段时间；at其后加点钟。“Oct 16”是具体的时间，故选B。 2. 句意：据新华社报道，王还将进行中国女性的第一次太空行走。 And和；But但是；So因此；Or或者。前后两句构成并列关系，用and连接。故选A。 3. 句意：她告诉自己：“中国现在有了一名男宇航员。什么时候才会有女宇航员呢？” she她，主格；her她，宾格/她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词；herself她自己。根据“She told...”可知，是她对自己说的话，故选D。 4. 句意：她告诉自己：“中国现在有了一名男宇航员。什么时候才会有女宇航员呢？” a泛指一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an泛指一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词表特指；/不填。此处泛指一位女宇航员，故选A。 5. 句意：经过9年1600小时的安全飞行，王在2010年成为一名宇航员的有力候选人。 has动词三单；have动词原形；having动名词/现在分词；had动词过去式。After是介词，其后用动名词作宾语。故选C。 6. 句意：她知道她应该这样做。 how如何；that无实际含义；what什么；whether是否。此处含宾语从句，引导词无实际含义，在从句中不作成分，用that连接。故选B。 7. 句意：“太空环境不会因为你是女性而改变，”她告诉新华社。 because因为；unless除非；while当……时；until直到。根据“The space environment won’t change...you are a woman,”可知，太空环境不会因为你是女性而改变，用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。 8. 句意：如果你受不了，你可以按下它让它停止。 stop动词原形；stopped动词过去式；stopping动名词/现在分词；to stop动词不定式。根据“you can press it...”可知，按下让它停止，表示目的。故选D。 9. 句意：这种坚强的精神成功地让她在2013年实现了自己的梦想。 success名词；succeed动词；successful形容词；successfully副词。此处在句中修饰动词短语，用副词形式。故选D。 10. 句意：她被选为神舟十号任务的一员。 chooses动词三单；chose动词过去式；was chosen一般过去时的被动语态；is chosen一般现在时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 11. 句意：女性往往更有耐心，也能更好地应对孤独。 need需要；can能；must必须；would将会。根据“Women tend to be more patient and...better deal with loneliness.”可知，此处强调能力，故选B。 12. 句意：女性的心脏也更容易适应失重环境，更适合长期任务。 easier形容词比较级；the easiest形容词最高级；more easily副词比较级；most easily副词最高级。此处在句中作表语，且有比较含义，所以用形容词比较级。故选A。 13. 句意：美国宇航局退休宇航员凯瑟琳·科尔曼在神舟十二号出发前向王致以问候。 send动词原形；sends动词三单；sent动词过去式；was sending过去进行时。本句时态是一般过去时，故选C。 14. 句意：当你望向窗外，看到星星和地球的时候，无数的女人也会和你一起望向窗外。 billion百万，单数；billions百万，复数；billion of表述错误；billions of数百万的。根据“...women will look out of that window with you”可知，空前无基数词，所以用billions of表虚指。故选D。 15. 句意：王身上带着每一个有远大梦想的年轻女性的精神。 时态考查，这里是引用退休宇航员所说的话，用一般现在时态。故选B。 七、完形填空 When I entered middle school, Mr. Jackson taught us science. On the first day of class, he gave us a talk about an animal called “wampus”. He told us that the wampus lived on the earth millions of years ago during the Ice Age and died out because of the change of climate. We all listened carefully and took 1 of everything he said. Later we had a 2 . When the exam paper was 3 to me, I was surprised and sad. There was a big red “×” through each of my answers. I failed. But how come? Anyway, on the test paper, I had written down what Mr. Jackson said in class. Then I realized that no one 4 the exam at all. What had happened? “Very simple,” Mr. Jackson explained. “I had 5 all that story about the wampus. There had never been any such animal, so the information in your notes was not correct. Do you expect to get high marks for incorrect answers?” There was no need to say we were 6 . What kind of test was this? What kind of teacher was he? How could we believe he gave us so much information about an animal that had not been there at all? How was it possible for us students to 7 what the teacher taught us? “The zeros on your papers will be 8 in your grade books,” he said. And he did it. Through this experience, Mr. Jackson hoped that we would learn something. Teachers and books are not always 9 . In fact, no one is. He told us not to let our mind go to sleep. Instead, we should keep thinking all the time and speak up if we think there are mistakes in our teachers’ words or in books. We should develop the habit of doubting and the ability to decide by ourselves. What a special 10 he gave us! 1. A. messages B. notes C. supports D. steps 2. A. discussion B. question C. plan D. test 3. A. returned B. directed C. compared D. added 4. A. passed B. refused C. completed D. failed 5. A. took up B. made up C. turned up D. put up 6. A. sad B. glad C. relaxed D. angry 7. A. forget B. repeat C. doubt D. believe 8. A. collected B. recorded C. described D. circled 9. A. interesting B. right C. active D. efficient 10. A. report B. promise C. model D. lesson 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. D 【解析】本文主要讲述了一位科学老师通过在上课时故意讲错知识，学生们在考试时得了零分来告诉学生们一个道理：我们应该学会培养怀疑的习惯和自己做决定的能力。 1. 句意：我们都听得很认真，把他说的一切都做了笔记。 messages信息；notes笔记；supports支持；steps步骤。根据前句“We all listened carefully我们都听得很认真”可知学生们在上课听讲，结合动词“take”可知此处指学生们做笔记，应用“notes”，短语take notes做笔记。故选B。 2. 句意：后来我们有一场考试。 discussion讨论；question问题；plan计划；test测试。根据下文“When the exam paper…当考试卷……”可知此处指考试，因此用“test”。故选D。 3. 句意：当考试卷发到我手里时，我又惊讶又伤心。 returned返回；directed指导；compared比较；added增加。根据后句“There was a big red ‘×’ through each of my answers.我的每个答案上都有一个大红叉号”可知此处指试卷发了下来，即返回到学生手里，因此用“returned”。故选A。 4. 句意：然后我意识到根本没有人通过这次考试。 passed通过；refused拒绝；completed完成；failed失败。根据下文“Do you expect to get high marks for incorrect answers?你们还指望错误的答案能得高分？”可知此处指没人通过考试，应用“passed”。故选A。 5. 句意：关于这种动物的一切都是我编造的。 took up占用；made up编造；turned up调高；put up挂起。根据后句“There had neen never any such animal, so the information in your notes was not correct.从来没有这种动物，因此你们笔记上的信息都是错的。”可知此处指这种动物的信息是老师编造的，因此用“made up”。故选B。 6. 句意：毫无疑问地说我们都很生气。 sad伤心的；glad高兴的；relaxed放松的；angry生气的。根据后句“What kind of test was this? What kind of teacher was he?这是什么测试？这是什么样的老师？”可知此处指学生们很生气，应用“angry”。故选D。 7. 句意：我们学生怎么可能怀疑老师教我们的知识？ forget忘记；repeat重复；doubt怀疑；believe相信。根据前句“How could we believe he gave us so much information about an animal that had not been there at all?我们怎么能相信他会教我们这么多关于根本不存在的动物的信息？”可知此处应指我们不可能怀疑老师教的知识，因此应用“doubt”。故选C。 8. 句意：他说：“你们试卷上的零分将会被记录在成绩单上。” collected收集；recorded记录；described描述；circled圈住。根据本句搭配“The zeros on your papers will be…in your grade books”可知此处应指把分数记录到成绩单上，应用“recorded”。故选B。 9. 句意：老师和书本不总是正确的。 interesting有趣的；right正确的；active积极的；efficient有效率的。根据“speak up if we think there are mistakes in our teachers’ words or in books如果我们认为老师的话或者书里有错误，我们应该大声说出来”可知此处指老师和书本不一定总是正确的，应用“right”。故选B。 10. 句意：他给我们上了多么特别的一课！ report报道；promise诺言；model模型；lesson课程。根据文章内容可知是这位科学老师给学生们上了特殊的一课，因此此处应用“lesson”。故选D。 八、阅读理解 A “Are we alone? What’s out there?” People have always looked up at the stars and wondered about space. 1 After many tests, they succeeded in making rockets that could overcome Earth’s gravity (重力). Ever since then, humans’ exploration (探索) of space has begun. 2 China’s space program started late in the last century, but it has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003. 3 It is large enough to allow astronauts to carry out many important scientific studies. More recently, the Shenzhou-22 manned spaceship was successfully sent into space on November 25th, 2025. Besides the exploration near the Earth, many countries are doing some research on other planets. For example, on July 23rd, 2020, China sent Tianwen-1 to explore the surface of Mars. Planets like Mars might be safe enough for humans to live on. 4 There is still a long way for humans to go to explore space. If you are interested in space walking, go for your dream. 5 Maybe you will become one of the engineers who work on China’s space exploration. A. China has never stopped its steps exploring space. B. So far, no more progress into the space has been made. C. It certainly requires a lot of hard work and a strong will. D. However, scientists made up their minds to make it come true. E. In 2022, China completely set up its own space station, Tiangong. F. This shows that exploring other planets could help find humanity’s future homes. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. E 4. F 5. C 【解析】本文主要介绍了人类对太空的探索历程以及中国在太空探索方面取得的成就，还提及了对其他行星的探索及未来展望。 1. 根据“People have always looked up at the stars and wondered about space.”以及“After many tests, they succeeded in making rockets that could overcome Earth’s gravity (重力).”可知空前提出人类对太空的好奇，空后说明人类通过技术突破开启太空探索。因此，空白处应承上启下，说明人类为实现探索而付出努力，选项D“然而，科学家们下定决心要实现这一目标。”符合语境。故选D。 2. 根据“China’s space program started late in the last century, but it has made great progress in a short time.”可知此处介绍中国在太空的探索，选项A“中国从未停止过探索太空的步伐。”符合语境。故选A。 3. 根据“It is large enough to allow astronauts to carry out many important scientific studies.”可知此处应引出一个与太空研究相关的设施，且这个设施非常大，选项E“2022年，中国完全建立了自己的空间站——天宫。”符合语境。故选E。 4. 根据“Planets like Mars might be safe enough for humans to live on.”可知前文提到像火星这样的行星可能对人类来说足够安全，可以居住，说明这里说的是探索其他行星与人类未来家园的关系，选项F“这表明探索其他行星可以帮助找到人类未来的家园。”符合语境。故选F。 5. 根据“If you are interested in space walking, go for your dream.”以及“Maybe you will become one of the engineers who work on China’s space exploration.”可知，此处应是说实现太空梦想需要付出的努力，选项C“这当然需要大量的努力和坚强的意志。”符合语境。故选C。 B ①China is working on a big plan to put a wireless network (无线网) on the moon. This is part of its space exploration (探索) program. After Chang’e 6 finishes its mission (任务), two more spacecraft will be sent to get ready for the International Lunar Research Station (ILRS). Chang’e 7 is set to go in 2026, and Chang’e 8 will follow around 2029. ②A space official from China, Bian Zhigang, said that Chang’e 7 will look at the environment and resources (资源) near the moon’s South Pole. Then, Chang’e 8 will try out ways to use the moon’s resources. This will help them get ready for building the ILRS, which they hope to start using by 2035. ③Two steps will be required to build the ILRS. First, people will make a simple model at the moon’s South Pole. It will be able to do science work in an area within 100 kilometers. They will use a network that connects the Earth and the moon for different missions, like sending robots to explore the moon and astronauts landing on the moon. This will create a research platform with basic functions. ④The second step is to make the station better by 2050. They want to build a network of lunar stations that will have a main station at the South Pole and other stations at the equator and the far side of the moon. This will provide people with a large research platform for long-term robot missions and short-term human missions. ⑤Guo Feng, another space official, said that Chang’e 8 will make sure there is a way to communicate and have power on the moon. Scientists are also thinking about if they can grow plants on the moon. This might be part of the scientific research for Chang’e 8. ⑥Since 2017, many countries and groups have agreed to work with China on this project. More than 10 countries and over 40 international organizations have signed agreements with China, showing that many people around the world are interested in exploring the moon together. 1. Which two spacecraft are mentioned as part of the preparation for the ILRS? A. Chang’e 5 and Chang’e 6. B. Chang’e 7 and Chang’e 8. C. Tianwen 1 and Tianwen 2. D. Shenzhou 13 and Shenzhou 14. 2. How does the writer show China’s important lunar exploration steps? A. By talking about what was found. B. By comparing with other countries. C. By listing main events in order. D. By giving different reasons. 3. Which of the following shows the best structure of this passage? A. B. C. D. 4. What will the writer probably discuss after the last paragraph? A. The challenges of space travel B. Main difficulties in building the ILRS. C. The history of lunar exploration. D. Some examples of working together. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 4. D 【解析】本文主要讲述了中国在月球上建设无线网络，以支持国际月球研究站 (ILRS) 的计划和步骤，并介绍了与多个国家和组织的国际合作。 1. 细节理解题。根据“After Chang’e 6 finishes its mission (任务), two more spacecraft will be sent to get ready for the International Lunar Research Station (ILRS). Chang’e 7 is set to go in 2026, and Chang’e 8 will follow around 2029.”可知，嫦娥7号和嫦娥8号是为国际月球研究站 (ILRS) 做好准备的一部分，故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据“After Chang’e 6 finishes its mission (任务), two more spacecraft will be sent to get ready for the International Lunar Research Station (ILRS). Chang’e 7 is set to go in 2026, and Chang’e 8 will follow around 2029.”以及下文的介绍可知，文章通过列出主要事件的顺序来展示中国重要的月球探索步骤，属于“按顺序列出主要事件”，故选C。 3. 篇章结构题。根据整个文章的理解可知，文章首先介绍中国在月球探索方面的计划和步骤，然后详细介绍了建立国际月球研究站的两个步骤，再介绍嫦娥8号的额外任务，最后提到了国际合作的情况，所以文章结构属于① — ② — ③④ — ⑤ — ⑥，故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据“Since 2017, many countries and groups have agreed to work with China on this project. More than 10 countries and over 40 international organizations have signed agreements with China”可知，文章结尾提到了多个国家和组织的合作，接下来很可能列举具体的合作案例，故选D。 C On the afternoon of November 14, Beijing Time, the Shenzhou-20 astronaut crew—Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie—successfully landed at the Dongfeng Landing Site by taking the Shenzhou-21 spaceship. This marked a safe end to their 204-day space mission. Their return was first planned for November 5, but it was put off for nine days. The reason was a small crack in Shenzhou-20’s porthole (舷窗), which was caused by space debris (碎片) hitting it. This unprecedented emergency (紧急情况) started China’s well-prepared “one main and one backup” (一主一备) space rescue plan. Instead of taking the risk of coming back in the damaged spaceship, the crew moved to Shenzhou-21. This is the first time in China’s manned space history that another working spaceship has carried a different group of astronauts back to Earth. While waiting for the new return time, the three astronauts kept doing scientific experiments with the Shenzhou-21 crew. They added useful data to their research. During their record-breaking stay in space, the Shenzhou-20 team finished four spacewalks, seven cargo transfer tasks, and a set of advanced experiments in space life sciences and materials science. Their achievements, including heating tungsten alloy (钨合金) to 3100℃, provided very important data for related fields. The smooth emergency return fully showed how reliable China’s manned space engineering system is. From the quick start of the emergency plan to the accurate teamwork of the ground team and the spacecraft’s smart response to faults, every part proved that China’s space abilities are getting better. After landing, the astronauts were checked and found to be in good health. This mission proved that China’s space program has passed the test successfully and given a great answer to the nation’s hopes. 1. Why was the Shenzhou-20 crew’s return put off? A. The landing site had bad weather B. The crew needed to finish more experiments C. The Shenzhou-21 spaceship was not ready D. A small crack was on Shenzhou-20’s porthole 2. Why did the Shenzhou-20 crew choose to return by Shenzhou-21? A. Shenzhou-21 was more comfortable than Shenzhou-20 B. Shenzhou-20 had a problem and was not safe for return C. Shenzhou-21 could carry more astronauts D. The ground team asked them to try a new spaceship 3. What can we infer (推断) from the “one main and one backup” space rescue plan? A. China has a perfect space emergency system. B. Shenzhou-21 was originally a backup spacecraft. C. The crew had predicted the porthole crack in advance. D. Such a plan is used frequently in space missions. 4. What does the successful emergency return tell us? A. Space debris can never hit spacecraft. B. The “one main and one backup” plan won’t be needed in the future. C. China’s astronauts are the most experienced in the world. D. China’s manned space engineering system is reliable. 5. What is the main topic of this text? A. The scientific experiments done by Shenzhou-20 crew in space. B. The “one main and one backup” space rescue plan in China. C. The reasons for the delay of Shenzhou-20 crew’s return. D. The safe emergency return of Shenzhou-20 astronauts and its meaning. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. D 【知识点】航天与航空、新闻报道 【解析】本文介绍神舟二十号航天员乘组因舷窗出现裂缝，转乘神舟二十一号飞船紧急返回的全过程，以及此次任务的成果与意义，展现了中国载人航天工程的可靠性。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Their return was first planned for November 5, but it was put off for nine days. The reason was a small crack in Shenzhou-20’s porthole (舷窗), which was caused by space debris (碎片) hitting it.”可知，返回推迟的原因是神舟二十号的舷窗出现了小裂缝。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据“Instead of taking the risk of coming back in the damaged spaceship, the crew moved to Shenzhou-21.”可知，因为神舟二十号飞船受损，返回存在风险，所以乘组选择转乘神舟二十一号返回。故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据“This unprecedented emergency started China’s well-prepared ‘one main and one backup’ space rescue plan”可推断，“一主一备”太空救援计划体现的是中国拥有完善的太空应急系统，故选A。 4. 细节理解题。根据“The smooth emergency return fully showed how reliable China’s manned space engineering system is.” 可知，这次成功的紧急返回表明中国载人航天工程系统是可靠的。故选D。 5. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章整体讲述了神舟二十号航天员乘组因舷窗问题推迟返回、转乘神舟二十一号紧急返回的过程，以及此次任务的意义与成果，核心话题是神舟二十号航天员的安全紧急返回及其意义。故选D。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 Space exploration Section 3 Grammar参考答案 一、夯实基础 1.was /were ving I was having an English lesson at 8 yesterday evening. 2, 过去进行时的标志性： at this time yesterday at that time yesterday 3.when 和 while 的区别 when 引导的从句中谓语动词通常是比较短暂的动作，用一般过去时；while 从句中的谓语成分则常常是较长的动作，用过去进行时，表示“在……时候”。 1-3 BAC 一、单项选择  1-5 CCBAB 6-10 DDCBB 11-15 DBADC 二、用词的正确形式填空（请思考学会各种时态的分辨 ) 【答案】1.was raining 2.was playing 3.were pratising 4. Was reading was listening 5.were testing went 6.was putting rang 7.take 8.have 9.has written 10.have received 11.will be/is going to be 12.left 13.are growing up 14.gave 15.will be built 16.were operated 三、翻译句子。 1.What were they doing when you saw them? They were cleaning the classroom. 2. Was it raining when school was over this morning? Yes, it was raining heavily. 3. When I left, he was drawing a map of the world. 4. John was writing to one of his friends when his mothers came back from work. 5. When the teacher came into the classroom, the students were talking about that day’s news. 四、短文填词 语法填空 1. teammates 2. were welcomed 3. to perform 4. has entered 5. until 6. harder 7. unexpected 8. a 9. for 10. widely 五、阅读配对 1. D 2. A 3. C 4. F 5. B 六、语法选择 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. D 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B 七、完形填空 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. D 八、阅读理解 A 1. D 2. A 3. E 4. F 5. C B 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. D C 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. D 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $