Unit 7 课时1 Section 1 Reading（分层作业）英语新教材沪教版八年级下册

Unit 7 Space exploration Section 1 Reading分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 词汇 beef n.牛肉 seafood n.海鲜 afford v.承担得起（后果） mistake n.错误；失误 stick v.粘；贴 hit v.碰撞；撞击 *muscle肌肉 gym n.健身房 take off 起飞 for a while一段时间 turn out证明是；结果是 cannot afford to承担不起（后果） by mistake错误地；无意中 daily routine日常生活；日常工作 句型 1.It turns out that eating can be a pleasure in space too! 事实证明，在太空用餐也能成为一种乐趣！ 2.We can't afford to make any mistakes, so it can be stressful sometimes. 我们绝不能犯错，所以有时会倍感压力。 3. I have to stick my sleeping bag to the wall. 我必须把睡袋固定在墙上。 4. This stops me from floating around the room and hitting something by mistake! 这能防止我在房间里四处漂浮，避免不小心撞到物品。 5. Exercise can slow down the muscle loss. 运动可以减缓肌肉流失。 一、短语翻译 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.___________________在某个时候 2 ___________________把…粘到 …上 3.___________________日常作息 4. ___________________停止…做 5. ___________________错误地；无意中 6. ___________________减速 7. ___________________保持健康 8. ___________________起飞 9. ___________________过去常常 10. ___________________一会儿 11. ___________________不同类型的 12. ___________________结果是；证明是 13. ___________________不得不 14. ___________________犯错 二、单项选择 1. I can't ______ such an expensive new house right now. A. offer B. afford C. provide D. give 2. He made a careless ______ in his math homework yesterday. A. fault B. mistake C. error D. wrong 3. We must ______ our plan no matter what difficulties we meet. A. lead B. stick C. agree D. follow 4. The ball ______ the window and broke it just now. A. hit B. beat C. knock D. strike 5. Doing morning exercises is part of my daily ______. A. routine B. rule C. road D. role 6. Working all day without rest is really a ______ job. A. stressed B. stress C. stressful D. stressing 7. We can enjoy a wonderful ______ of the river from the top of the hill. A. view B. sight C. scene D. scenery 8. The party ______ to be very successful in the end. A. turned off B. turned out C. turned down D. turned in 9. The plane will ______ in ten minutes. A. take up B. take off C. take in D. take down 10. I took your umbrella ______ yesterday afternoon. A. by mistake B. by hand C. by accident D. by heart 三、根据首字母完成单词 1. We can eat chicken, b______ and fruit for dinner in space. 2.The poor family can’t a______ such an expensive spacesuit. 3.If you are careless, you may make a silly m______ in your homework. 4. Astronauts s______ their sleeping bags to the wall in the space station. 5.Don’t run too fast, or you may h______ the wall by accident. 6.There is a small g______ on the space station for astronauts to exercise. 7.Too much anger will d______ your health and mood. 8.Please follow the i_________ from the teacher and do the task well. 9.We can e______ a special and amazing life in space. 10The work of astronauts is hard and sometimes s______. 四、用词的适当形式填空 1. Please read the _________carefully before you use the machine. (instruction) 2. The astronauts _____________(follow)the ground instructions at that time. 3. Many houses ___________ (destroy) by the big fire last year. 4. I was ________ by the _______ news.(shock) 5. I am ______to share the great _______ of travelling in space with you.(please) 6. She feels_______ because her daily work is very _________.(stress) 7. The beautiful space view will______ us, and we are truly ______ at this ______ world.(amaze) 8. Parents always stop us from______（spend） too much time ______(play) games 9. He felt sad about the___ of his bag because he was afraid of getting _____ in the city. (lose) 10. This book ______ many topics, ________daily life and space travel.(include) 10The work of astronauts is hard and sometimes s______. 五、完成句子 1.沿着这条日常路线走，你就很少会犯错。 Walk along this _______ _______ , and you will hardly _______ _______ 2.锻炼能阻止我们生病，还能帮助我们保持健康。 Exercise can ______ ______ ______ getting sick and help us ______ ______. 3.飞机即将起飞，他却错拿了登机牌。 The plane will _____ _____ soon, and he took his boarding card _____ _____. 4. 我过去常常拥有一段奇妙的经历。 I ______ ____ have ____ ______ ________. 5.别担心这件事，一切将会结果很好。 Don’t ______ _____ this matter, and everything will ______ _____ fine. 六、短文填空 A 短文填词 We all follow a busy daily route every day, but a small careless action may cause big trouble. Last month, I was truly shocked by a serious accident in our neighborhood. A young man made a serious m_____1____ when riding his bike. He tried to stick a poster on a street sign while moving fast. Suddenly, a strong wind hit him hard. He lost balance and c____2_____ into a public bench. The accident began to d____3____ public facilities around him, including a trash can and a flower pot. Luckily, no one was hurt b___4____, but the bench was broken. The young man fell onto the ground and his knee started bleeding. The repair cost was high, and he could not a____5____it alone. He felt very sorry and promised to pay back slowly. He finally realized that being careless always brings bad results. This lesson r___6_____ me that we must focus on safety in daily life. We should never do risky things casually. Even a simple action like sticking a poster can be dangerous if done while riding. Every tiny bad action may lead to unexpected harm. Being careful and responsible is the best way to protect ourselves and our community. B（课文改写） It was the proudest moment of my life. At this point, my partners and I ____1____ (wait) anxiously for instructions from ground control, and every minute felt endless. After a long wait, we finally took off. We travelled at ____2_____ amazing speed and entered orbit in just ten minutes. At the beginning, my body ___3_____ (influence) a lot by the change of space environment, and I felt sick and uncomfortable. However, I slowly got used to the special condition and felt ____4____(relax) again. Soon, we arrived at the space station, which became my new home for a short time. Life in space is greatly different from that on Earth. We have a wide____5____( choose) of food and drinks, so eating in space is also enjoyable. As there is no gravity, everything floats in space. Ordinary daily work becomes difficult and time‑consuming. Spacewalks are exciting but _____6____(stress), _____7____ we must be careful enough to avoid ____8_____(make) any mistakes. We also have regular daily routines. We sleep in sleeping bags fixed on the wall____9____(stop) ourselves from floating around. In addition, daily exercise is essential. It can slow down muscle ____10____(lose) and keep us in good shape. Thanks to the special gym and unique equipment on the station, we can keep healthy and strong to finish our tasks and get ready for returning to Earth. 七、语法选择 Every morning, you get up, wash your face, brush your teeth, eat breakfast and get ready for your day. These daily actions are 1 common that you don’t think about them much. But what if you were in space? There is no gravity there, so things are not as 2 as they are on Earth. When you drop something, it floats away slowly in the air. This means that astronauts 3 just put down a tool. They need to tie it down. In space, water breaks into small drops and hangs in the air. And 4 do astronauts drink? Well, astronauts eat and drink 5 in space. They have special plates for their food. Besides, special bags 6 for their drinks. Sleep is also different in space. Astronauts tie 7 to the wall so that they don’t float around when they are sleeping. Since they have to work hard, they need to get 8 rest. The sun rises and sets so often that it can be confusing(令人困惑的). The astronauts use alarms and sometimes music 9 themselves up. Exercise is important for astronauts 10 . Since there is no gravity and astronauts float instead of walking or 11 , they have to exercise on special machines every day to keep healthy. No one 12 to become ill in space and exercise helps them a lot. 13 , life is not completely full of hard work in space. When they are not working or exercising, there is a little time 14 fun. They watch movies, read the news and contact family members and friends. The astronauts that work on the International Space Station can even connect to 15 Internet. 1. A. very B. too C. quite D. so 2. A. more heavily B. heavier C. heavily D. heavy 3. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 4. A. why B. when C. how D. where 5. A. differ B. differently C. difference D. different 6. A. use B. uses C. is used D. are used 7. A. themselves B. their C. theirs D. they 8. A. many B. a lot C. plenty of D. few 9. A. waking B. wake C. to wake D. wakes 10. A. either B. as well as C. neither D. as well 11. A. ran B. to run C. run D. running 12. A. wanted B. wanting C. want D. wants 13. A. However B. Instead C. Still D. Therefore 14. A. without B. to C. for D. in 15. A. the B. an C. a D. / 八、完形填空 The astronauts must do some scientific work in the space station, but do they do housework there? Yes. The astronauts have to do 1 and cleaning. And modern technology is helping keep them well fed and their “home” tidy. In their “kitchen”, the astronauts have a hot wind heating machine 2 designed for use in space. Other equipment (设备) includes the high-tech vacuum (真空) bags and the drinking machine. Like people on the earth, eating is the first important thing for the astronauts in space. The machine was designed to 3 healthy food for astronauts in the space station—to help them prepare delicious food. The astronauts can even make yogurt with it. The hot wind heating machine was made to fit for the 4 during the task. There are around 32 kinds of food in the space station for them to choose. Yuxiang Shredded Pork (鱼香肉丝), Kung Pao Chicken (宫保鸡丁) and chocolate are all on the 5 . They can also eat moon cakes on the Mid-Autumn Festival. The vacuum bags in the space station can help make the astronauts’ lives more 6 . The bags are used to 7 garbage (垃圾). Because of the weightless environment, the vacuum bags are 8 for the astronauts. Dirty clothes, used food packages (包装) and other 9 things are sorted（分类）and carefully collected in the equipment. Garbage can be a serious health problem in space because the germs (细菌) on the garbage can float in the air and they are bad for the astronauts’ health. The bags can also be used to kill bad smells. Finally, to help astronauts drink warm and clean water, there’s a high-tech drinking machine. The drinking machine can work in special 10 . It’s said that all the things are designed and made in China. How proud we Chinese are! 1. A. washing B. cooking C. reading D. training 2. A. carefully B. certainly C. specially D. mainly 3. A. produce B. provide C. manage D. discover 4. A. conditions B. activities C. problems D. opportunities 5. A. station B. menu C. table D. machine 6. A. beautiful B. colorful C. friendly D. comfortable 7. A. deal with B. take in C. work out D. carryout 8. A. modern B. popular C. wonderful D. necessary 9. A. cheap B. pretty C. waste D. enjoyable 10. A. environment B. electricity C. sunlight D. water 九、阅读理解 Have you ever imagined baking (烤) chickens in space? How do the freshly-made chicken wings taste there? In November 2025, taikonauts in China’s Tiangong space station made history by baking chicken wings in space. This was real cooking, not just reheating food. How could they make it? A special hot-air oven was the key, a big step forward in improving taikonauts’ dining experience in orbit (轨道). Recently, taikonauts from Shenzhou-21 and Shenzhou-20 successfully used this device and baked popular dishes like “Orleans-style” chicken wings and black pepper beef steak. But cooking in space is very difficult. The first problem is heat. On Earth, hot air rises, helping ovens bake food. But in space, zero gravity (重力) stops hot air from rising, so it stays near the heater and makes cooking slow. The second problem is smoke and oil fumes (油烟). Without gravity, they will stay in the air instead of falling, harming taikonauts’ health. To solve these problems, Chinese engineers built a “magic oven” with a series of homegrown “black technologies”. It has a fan inside to force the hot air to move around just like on Earth. More importantly, the oven has a special kitchen hood (抽油烟机) built inside. When taikonauts cook, it can quickly catch smoke and oil fumes, clean the air and let fresh air out. Also, a special ovenware (烤盘) can hold the food in place. In addition, a special box inside is used to collect the waste. It’s said that the oven is strong and can work well at least 500 times to meet the needs of long space missions. Before this invention, most space food products were pre-cooked and ready-to-eat. Thanks to the oven, the taikonauts’ menu has over 190 types of food. ▲ Also, the “space garden” on board is wonderful. Taikonauts have successfully grown fresh vegetables, adding more fresh food to their meals. This space oven is small, but it marks a meaningful step forward in China’s efforts to make space travel more enjoyable. 1. How does the writer begin this text? A. By comparing facts. B. By asking questions. C. By listing numbers. D. By telling stories. 2. Which of the following pictures matches with the description (描述) in Paragraph 4 correctly? A. B. C. D. 3. Which sentence can be filled in ▲ ? A. Space experiments greatly influence human medical care. B. To make their spare time colorful, they even do exercise in space. C. The new oven is part of China’s efforts to improve taikonauts’ lives. D. China’s space technology develops quickly, driving further space exploration. 4. What is the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. 5. Which can be the best title for the text? A. The Challenges of Cooking in Space B. The Improvements in Space Exploration C. A Special Hot-air Oven for Space Baking D. Differences between Earth cooking and space cooking B 阅读还原 On April 24th, 2025, China celebrated the 10th China Space Day. On that day, the Shenzhou-20 spacecraft (航天器) flew into space. 1 Taikonauts live very differently in space. There is little gravity (重力) there, so they can’t cook food like we do on Earth. They eat special food. 2 There are no real beds in space either (也). So taikonauts sleep in sleeping bags. These bags are fixed to (被固定在) the wall. There is no “up” or “down” in space. So they can sleep in any place. To stay healthy, they exercise every day with special bikes. Spacewalks are also an important part of a taikonaut’s job. When they go outside the space station, they wear space suits (航天服). 3 During spacewalks, taikonauts can repair broken parts of the station and take care of it. The Shenzhou-20 team will stay in space for about six months. One of their jobs is to study zebrafish (斑马鱼). These small fish have something in common with humans. 4 These interesting jobs show how hard taikonauts work. Their job is not easy, but it is very important. They also make young people like us want to dream big. 5 A. These suits help protect taikonauts. B. They bring the food from the Earth. C. Maybe one day, you could be a taikonaut too. D. Do you wonder what taikonauts’ life is like there? E. So they help scientists learn how low gravity changes living things. C阅读回答问题 The Shenzhou-19 crewed spaceship, China’s 14th manned spaceflight, was launched into space successfully on October 30th, 2024. It was sent into orbit by a Long March 2F carrier rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. Inside the rocket are astronauts Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong, and Wang Haoze. Wang Haoze is the first female spaceflight engineer for China. She was born in Luanping County, Hebei Province in 1990. Wang’s journey to becoming an astronaut was marked by hard work and perseverance. She faced lots of challenges during her training, but she never gave up. Her determination and strong will help her push through every difficulty. She is a role model for people around the world, showing that with hard work, big dreams, and perseverance, one can overcome any difficulty and achieve great things. The spaceship’s main job was to meet the China Space Station. It is expected to last for several months, during which the astronauts will contribute to the expansion and improvement of the space station. After some time in space, the astronauts will do many things, like doing scientific experiments, giving science lessons and showing new technology. They will also go on spacewalks outside the space station. In conclusion, the successful launch of Shenzhou-19 is not only a technological achievement but also a symbol of China’s growing progress in space exploration. 1. When was the Shenzhou-19 crewed spaceship launched into space? 2. How many astronauts are there inside the rocket? 3. Who is the first female spaceflight engineer for China? 4. Where is astronaut Wang Haoze from? 5. What will the astronauts do in space? $Unit 7 Space exploration Section 1 Reading参考答案 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一、短语翻译 1.at a certain time 2.stick…to 3.daily routine 4.stop…from 5.by mistake 6.slow down 7.stay fit 8.take off 9.used to 10.for a while 11.different types of 12.turns out 13.have to 14.make mistakes 二、单项选择 1-10 BBBAA CABBA 三、根据首字母完成单词 1.beef 2.afford 3.mistake 4.stick 5.hit 6.gym 7.destroy 8.instructions 9.experience 10. stressful 四、用词的适当形式填空 1.instructions 2.were following 3.were destroyed 4.shocked shocking 5.pleased pleasure 6.stressed stressful 7.amaze amazed amazing 8. spending playing 9.loss lost 10.includes including 五、完成句子 1.daily route make mistakes 2.stop us from stay fit 3.take off by mistake 4.used to an amazing experience 5.worry about turn out 六、短文填空 A 短文填词 1.mistake 2.crashed 3.destroy 4.badly 5.afford 6. reminds B 1. were waiting 2.an 3.was influenced 4.relaxe 5.choice 6.stressful 7.because 8.making 9.to stop 10.loss 七、语法选择 1. D 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. D 11. D 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. A 八、完形填空 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. A 九、阅读理解 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. C B 阅读还原 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. E 5. C C阅读回答问题 1. The Shenzhou-19 crewed spaceship was launched into space on October 30th, 2024./On October 30th, 2024. 2. There are three astronauts in the rocket./Three./3. 3. Wang Haoze is the first female spaceflight engineer for China./Wang Haoze. 4. She/Wang Haoze is from Luanping County, Hebei Province./Luanping County, Hebei Province 5. They will do scientific experiments, give science lessons, show new technology and go on spacewalks outside the space station. $Unit 7 Space exploration Section 1 Reading分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 词汇 beef n.牛肉 seafood n.海鲜 afford v.承担得起（后果） mistake n.错误；失误 stick v.粘；贴 hit v.碰撞；撞击 *muscle肌肉 gym n.健身房 take off 起飞 for a while一段时间 turn out证明是；结果是 cannot afford to承担不起（后果） by mistake错误地；无意中 daily routine日常生活；日常工作 句型 1.It turns out that eating can be a pleasure in space too! 事实证明，在太空用餐也能成为一种乐趣！ 2.We can't afford to make any mistakes, so it can be stressful sometimes. 我们绝不能犯错，所以有时会倍感压力。 3. I have to stick my sleeping bag to the wall. 我必须把睡袋固定在墙上。 4. This stops me from floating around the room and hitting something by mistake! 这能防止我在房间里四处漂浮，避免不小心撞到物品。 5. Exercise can slow down the muscle loss. 运动可以减缓肌肉流失。 一、短语翻译 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.___________________在某个时候 2 ___________________把…粘到 …上 3.___________________日常作息 4. ___________________停止…做 5. ___________________错误地；无意中 6. ___________________减速 7. ___________________保持健康 8. ___________________起飞 9. ___________________过去常常 10. ___________________一会儿 11. ___________________不同类型的 12. ___________________结果是；证明是 13. ___________________不得不 14. ___________________犯错 【答案】1.at a certain time 2.stick…to 3.daily routine 4.stop…from 5.by mistake 6.slow down 7.stay fit 8.take off 9.used to 10.for a while 11.different types of 12.turns out 13.have to 14.make mistakes 二、单项选择 1. I can't ______ such an expensive new house right now. A. offer B. afford C. provide D. give 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我现在买不起这么昂贵的新房子。A. offer 主动提供；B. afford 买得起、负担得起；C. provide 供给、提供；D. give 给予。四个词都和 “给、提供” 相关，但 afford 专门侧重有经济能力负担某物，符合句中昂贵房子需要财力承担的语境，故选 B。 2. He made a careless ______ in his math homework yesterday. A. fault B. mistake C. error D. wrong 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他昨天在数学作业中犯了一个粗心的错误。A. fault 多指过失、责任、性格缺点；B. mistake 多指日常作业、做题、生活中的粗心错误，常用搭配 make a mistake；C. error 侧重程序、逻辑、专业上的差错；D. wrong 作形容词意为错误的，不能作可数名词。固定搭配 make a mistake 为固定短语，故选 B。 3. We must ______ our plan no matter what difficulties we meet. A. lead B. stick C. agree D. follow 【答案】B 【解析】句意：无论遇到什么困难，我们都必须坚持我们的计划。A. lead 带领、领导；B. stick 坚持，固定搭配 stick to 坚持；C. agree 同意；D. follow 跟随、遵守。只有 stick 可构成 stick to 坚持，符合语境，故选 B。 4. The ball ______ the window and broke it just now. A. hit B. beat C. knock D. strike 【答案】A 【解析】句意：刚才球撞到了窗户并把它打碎了。A. hit 多指无意间碰撞、击中物体；B. beat 侧重连续敲打、打败；C. knock 多指敲门、轻敲，常与 at/on 连用；D. strike 多指用力击打、罢工。本句指球意外撞击窗户，用 hit 最贴合语境，故选 A。 5. Doing morning exercises is part of my daily ______. A. routine B. rule C. road D. role 【答案】A 【解析】句意：做早操是我日常惯例的一部分。A. routine 常规、日常惯例；B. rule 规则、制度；C. road 马路；D. role 角色、作用。根据 “日常作息惯例” 的句意，选 A。 6. Working all day without rest is really a ______ job. A. stressed B. stress C. stressful D. stressing 【答案】C 【解析】句意：整天无休无止地工作真是一份压力很大的工作。A. stressed 多用于形容人的感受；B. stress 压力，为名词；C. stressful 令人有压力的，修饰事物、工作、环境；D. stressing 为动词现在分词。此处修饰名词 job，要用 stressful，故选 C。 7. We can enjoy a wonderful ______ of the river from the top of the hill. A. view B. sight C. scene D. scenery 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们从山顶可以欣赏到河流的美景。A. view 多指从某一特定地点看到的自然风光、远景；B. sight 侧重名胜古迹、人文景观；C. scene 多指现场场景、局部景色；D. scenery 是不可数名词，泛指自然风光。本句指从山顶看到的特定景色，故选 A。 8. The party ______ to be very successful in the end. A. turned off B. turned out C. turned down D. turned in 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这次聚会最后结果非常成功。A. turned off 关掉（电器、水龙头）；B. turned out 结果是、证明是；C. turned down 调低（音量）、拒绝；D. turned in 上交、提交。根据句意表示事情最终的结果，选 B。 9. The plane will ______ in ten minutes. A. take up B. take off C. take in D. take down 【答案】B 【解析】句意：飞机将在十分钟后起飞。A. take up 占据、开始从事；B. take off （飞机）起飞、脱下；C. take in 吸收、欺骗、收留；D. take down 记下、拆卸。由主语 plane 可知是飞机起飞，故选 B。 10. I took your umbrella ______ yesterday afternoon. A. by mistake B. by hand C. by accident D. by heart 【答案】A 【解析】句意：昨天下午我错拿了你的雨伞。A. by mistake 错误地、无意中（因疏忽做错事）；B. by hand 手工；C. by accident 偶然地、意外地（侧重突发意外）；D. by heart 牢记、背诵。本句侧重因疏忽拿错物品，用 by mistake，故选 A。 三、根据首字母完成单词 1. We can eat chicken, b______ and fruit for dinner in space. 2.The poor family can’t a______ such an expensive spacesuit. 3.If you are careless, you may make a silly m______ in your homework. 4. Astronauts s______ their sleeping bags to the wall in the space station. 5.Don’t run too fast, or you may h______ the wall by accident. 6.There is a small g______ on the space station for astronauts to exercise. 7.Too much anger will d______ your health and mood. 8.Please follow the i_________ from the teacher and do the task well. 9.We can e______ a special and amazing life in space. 10The work of astronauts is hard and sometimes s______. 【答案】1.beef 2.afford 3.mistake 4.stick 5.hit 6.gym 7.destroy 8.instructions 9.experience 10. stressful 四、用词的适当形式填空 1. Please read the _________carefully before you use the machine. (instruction) 2. The astronauts _____________(follow)the ground instructions at that time. 3. Many houses ___________ (destroy) by the big fire last year. 4. I was ________ by the _______ news.(shock) 5. I am ______to share the great _______ of travelling in space with you.(please) 6. She feels_______ because her daily work is very _________.(stress) 7. The beautiful space view will______ us, and we are truly ______ at this ______ world.(amaze) 8. Parents always stop us from______（spend） too much time ______(play) games 9. He felt sad about the___ of his bag because he was afraid of getting _____ in the city. (lose) 10. This book ______ many topics, ________daily life and space travel.(include) 10The work of astronauts is hard and sometimes s______. 【答案】1.instructions 2.were following 3.were destroyed 4.shocked shocking 5.pleased pleasure 6.stressed stressful 7.amaze amazed amazing 8. spending playing 9.loss lost 10.includes including 五、完成句子 1.沿着这条日常路线走，你就很少会犯错。 Walk along this _______ _______ , and you will hardly _______ _______ 2.锻炼能阻止我们生病，还能帮助我们保持健康。 Exercise can ______ ______ ______ getting sick and help us ______ ______. 3.飞机即将起飞，他却错拿了登机牌。 The plane will _____ _____ soon, and he took his boarding card _____ _____. 4. 我过去常常拥有一段奇妙的经历。 I ______ ____ have ____ ______ ________. 5.别担心这件事，一切将会结果很好。 Don’t ______ _____ this matter, and everything will ______ _____ fine. 【答案】1.daily route make mistakes 2.stop us from stay fit 3.take off by mistake 4.used to an amazing experience 5.worry about turn out 六、短文填空 A 短文填词 We all follow a busy daily route every day, but a small careless action may cause big trouble. Last month, I was truly shocked by a serious accident in our neighborhood. A young man made a serious m_____1____ when riding his bike. He tried to stick a poster on a street sign while moving fast. Suddenly, a strong wind hit him hard. He lost balance and c____2_____ into a public bench. The accident began to d____3____ public facilities around him, including a trash can and a flower pot. Luckily, no one was hurt b___4____, but the bench was broken. The young man fell onto the ground and his knee started bleeding. The repair cost was high, and he could not a____5____it alone. He felt very sorry and promised to pay back slowly. He finally realized that being careless always brings bad results. This lesson r___6_____ me that we must focus on safety in daily life. We should never do risky things casually. Even a simple action like sticking a poster can be dangerous if done while riding. Every tiny bad action may lead to unexpected harm. Being careful and responsible is the best way to protect ourselves and our community. 【答案】1.mistake 2.crashed 3.destroy 4.badly 5.afford 6. reminds B（课文改写） It was the proudest moment of my life. At this point, my partners and I ____1____ (wait) anxiously for instructions from ground control, and every minute felt endless. After a long wait, we finally took off. We travelled at ____2_____ amazing speed and entered orbit in just ten minutes. At the beginning, my body ___3_____ (influence) a lot by the change of space environment, and I felt sick and uncomfortable. However, I slowly got used to the special condition and felt ____4____(relax) again. Soon, we arrived at the space station, which became my new home for a short time. Life in space is greatly different from that on Earth. We have a wide____5____( choose) of food and drinks, so eating in space is also enjoyable. As there is no gravity, everything floats in space. Ordinary daily work becomes difficult and time‑consuming. Spacewalks are exciting but _____6____(stress), _____7____ we must be careful enough to avoid ____8_____(make) any mistakes. We also have regular daily routines. We sleep in sleeping bags fixed on the wall____9____(stop) ourselves from floating around. In addition, daily exercise is essential. It can slow down muscle ____10____(lose) and keep us in good shape. Thanks to the special gym and unique equipment on the station, we can keep healthy and strong to finish our tasks and get ready for returning to Earth. 【答案】1. were waiting 2.an 3.was influenced 4.relaxe 5.choice 6.stressful 7.because 8.making 9.to stop 10.loss 七、语法选择 Every morning, you get up, wash your face, brush your teeth, eat breakfast and get ready for your day. These daily actions are 1 common that you don’t think about them much. But what if you were in space? There is no gravity there, so things are not as 2 as they are on Earth. When you drop something, it floats away slowly in the air. This means that astronauts 3 just put down a tool. They need to tie it down. In space, water breaks into small drops and hangs in the air. And 4 do astronauts drink? Well, astronauts eat and drink 5 in space. They have special plates for their food. Besides, special bags 6 for their drinks. Sleep is also different in space. Astronauts tie 7 to the wall so that they don’t float around when they are sleeping. Since they have to work hard, they need to get 8 rest. The sun rises and sets so often that it can be confusing(令人困惑的). The astronauts use alarms and sometimes music 9 themselves up. Exercise is important for astronauts 10 . Since there is no gravity and astronauts float instead of walking or 11 , they have to exercise on special machines every day to keep healthy. No one 12 to become ill in space and exercise helps them a lot. 13 , life is not completely full of hard work in space. When they are not working or exercising, there is a little time 14 fun. They watch movies, read the news and contact family members and friends. The astronauts that work on the International Space Station can even connect to 15 Internet. 1. A. very B. too C. quite D. so 2. A. more heavily B. heavier C. heavily D. heavy 3. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 4. A. why B. when C. how D. where 5. A. differ B. differently C. difference D. different 6. A. use B. uses C. is used D. are used 7. A. themselves B. their C. theirs D. they 8. A. many B. a lot C. plenty of D. few 9. A. waking B. wake C. to wake D. wakes 10. A. either B. as well as C. neither D. as well 11. A. ran B. to run C. run D. running 12. A. wanted B. wanting C. want D. wants 13. A. However B. Instead C. Still D. Therefore 14. A. without B. to C. for D. in 15. A. the B. an C. a D. / 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. D 11. D 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. A 【解析】本文主要讲述了宇航员在太空中的生活。 1. 句意：这些日常行为是如此常见，以至于你不会去想它们。 very非常；too太；quite相当；so如此。根据“that you don’t think about them much”可知，是so...that....“如此……以至于……”引导的结果状语从句，故选D。 2. 句意：那里没有重力，所以东西不像在地球上那么重。 more heavily更重地，副词比较级；heavier更重的，形容词比较级；heavily重地，副词原级；heavy重的，形容词原级。根据“are not as...as”可知，填形容词原级，故选D。 3. 句意：这意味着宇航员不能随便放下一个工具。 mustn’t禁止；can’t不可能；shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不需要。根据“They need to tie it down.”可知，不能随便放下一个工具，故选B。 4. 句意：宇航员是怎么喝水的呢？ why为什么；when什么时候；how如何；where哪里。根据“In space, water breaks into small drops and hangs in the air.”可知，询问如何喝水，故选C。 5. 句意：宇航员在太空中的饮食方式是不同的。 differ不同，动词；differently不同地，副词；difference不同，名词；different不同的，形容词。根据“eat and drink”可知，需要副词修饰动词，故选B。 6. 句意：此外，他们还用特殊的袋子装饮料。 use使用，动词原形；uses使用，动词三单形式；is used被使用，被动语态，主语是单数；are used被使用，被动语态，主语是复数。根据“special bags”和“use”可知，是被动关系，主语是复数，be动词用are，故选D。 7. 句意：宇航员把自己绑在墙上，这样他们睡觉时就不会漂浮在空中了。 themselves他们自己，反身代词；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词；they他们。根据“Astronauts”可知，宇航员把自己绑在墙上，需要反身代词，故选A。 8. 句意：因为他们必须努力工作，他们需要充分的休息。 many许多，修饰可数名词；a lot很多，副词；plenty of许多，修饰可数名词或不可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词。根据“rest”可知，是不可数名词，故选C。 9. 句意：宇航员用闹钟，有时用音乐来叫醒自己。 waking动名词；wake醒来，动词原形；to wake醒来，动词不定式；wakes醒来，动词三单形式。根据“use alarms and sometimes music”可知，需要动词不定式作目的状语，故选C。 10. 句意：锻炼对宇航员来说也很重要。 either两者中任意一个；as well as和……一样好；neither两者都不；as well也。根据“Exercise is important”可知，锻炼对宇航员来说也很重要，故选D。 11. 句意：由于没有重力，宇航员不是走路或跑步，而是漂浮，他们必须每天在特殊的机器上锻炼以保持健康。 ran动词过去式；to run动词不定式；run动词原形；running动名词。根据“instead of walking or”可知，需要动名词与walking保持并列，故选D。 12. 句意：没有人想在太空中生病，锻炼对他们帮助很大。 wanted动词过去式；wanting动名词；want动词原形；wants动词三单。根据“No one”和“exercise helps them a lot”可知，主语是第三人称单数，且是一般现在时，动词也用三单形式，故选D。 13. 句意：然而，在太空中，生活并不完全充满了艰苦的工作。 However然而；Instead相反；Still仍然；Therefore因此。根据“life is not completely full of hard work in space.”可知，与上句是转折关系，故选A。 14. 句意：当他们不工作或锻炼时，就有一点时间娱乐。 without没有；to到；for为了；in在……里。根据“a little time…fun”可知，有一点时间用于娱乐，故选C。 15. 句意：在国际空间站工作的宇航员甚至可以连接到互联网。 the这个，定冠词；an一个，用于元音音素前；a一个，用于辅音音素前；/不填。根据“connect to…Internet”可知Internet“互联网”是专属名词，前面要加the，故选A。 八、完形填空 The astronauts must do some scientific work in the space station, but do they do housework there? Yes. The astronauts have to do 1 and cleaning. And modern technology is helping keep them well fed and their “home” tidy. In their “kitchen”, the astronauts have a hot wind heating machine 2 designed for use in space. Other equipment (设备) includes the high-tech vacuum (真空) bags and the drinking machine. Like people on the earth, eating is the first important thing for the astronauts in space. The machine was designed to 3 healthy food for astronauts in the space station—to help them prepare delicious food. The astronauts can even make yogurt with it. The hot wind heating machine was made to fit for the 4 during the task. There are around 32 kinds of food in the space station for them to choose. Yuxiang Shredded Pork (鱼香肉丝), Kung Pao Chicken (宫保鸡丁) and chocolate are all on the 5 . They can also eat moon cakes on the Mid-Autumn Festival. The vacuum bags in the space station can help make the astronauts’ lives more 6 . The bags are used to 7 garbage (垃圾). Because of the weightless environment, the vacuum bags are 8 for the astronauts. Dirty clothes, used food packages (包装) and other 9 things are sorted（分类）and carefully collected in the equipment. Garbage can be a serious health problem in space because the germs (细菌) on the garbage can float in the air and they are bad for the astronauts’ health. The bags can also be used to kill bad smells. Finally, to help astronauts drink warm and clean water, there’s a high-tech drinking machine. The drinking machine can work in special 10 . It’s said that all the things are designed and made in China. How proud we Chinese are! 1. A. washing B. cooking C. reading D. training 2. A. carefully B. certainly C. specially D. mainly 3. A. produce B. provide C. manage D. discover 4. A. conditions B. activities C. problems D. opportunities 5. A. station B. menu C. table D. machine 6. A. beautiful B. colorful C. friendly D. comfortable 7. A. deal with B. take in C. work out D. carryout 8. A. modern B. popular C. wonderful D. necessary 9. A. cheap B. pretty C. waste D. enjoyable 10. A. environment B. electricity C. sunlight D. water 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. A 【导语】本文主要介绍的是宇航员在太空的饮食，及垃圾的处理。最后我们为自己是中国人而骄傲。 1. 句意：宇航员必须做饭和打扫卫生。 washing洗涤；cooking烹饪；reading阅读；training训练。根据后文“And modern technology is helping keep...well fed and their ‘home’ tidy.”可知他们要有良好的饮食，所以是要做饭。故选B。 2. 句意：在宇航员的“厨房”里，有一台专为太空使用而设计的热风加热机。 carefully小心；certainly当然；specially特别；mainly主要。根据“for use in space”可知，特别为太空使用而设计。故选C。 3. 句意：该机器专为空间站宇航员提供健康食品而设计，帮助他们准备美味的食物。 produce生产；provide提供；manage管理；discover发现。根据“...healthy food for astronauts”可知考查“provide sth for sb.”为某人提供某物。故选B。 4. 句意：热风加热机是为适应任务期间的条件而制造的。 conditions状况；activities活动；problems问题；opportunities机会。根据“The hot wind heating machine was made to fit for the ...during the task.”结合所给词可知，热风加热机是适用某种条件，所以是conditions。故选A。 5. 句意：鱼香肉丝、宫保鸡丁和巧克力都在菜单上。 station车站；menu菜单；table桌子；machine机器。根据前文可知有很多食物供他们选择，所以是在菜单上有食物的名称供选择。故选B。 6. 句意：空间站中的真空袋可以帮助使宇航员的生活更舒服。 beautiful美丽的；colorful丰富多彩的；friendly友好的；comfortable舒服的。根据后文介绍袋子被用来处理垃圾等，所以使得生活更舒服。故选D。 7. 句意：袋子被用来处理垃圾。 deal with处理；take in吸收；work out解答出；carry out执行。根据“The bags are used to... garbage”结合所给词组，所以袋子是被用来处理垃圾的。故选A。 8. 句意：由于处于失重环境，真空袋对宇航员来说是必要的。 modern现代的；popular受欢迎的；wonderful精彩的；necessary必要的。根据“Because of the weightless environment”可知，在失重环境下，真空袋是必要的。故选D。 9. 句意：脏衣服、用过的食品包装和其他垃圾都被分类并仔细收集在设备中。 cheap便宜的；pretty漂亮的；waste垃圾；enjoyable令人愉快的。根据“Dirty clothes, used food packages”可知，脏衣服，用过的食物包装以及类似的，所以是waste。故选C。 10. 句意：饮水机可在特殊环境下工作。 environment环境；electricity电；sunlight阳光；water水。根据前文可知宇航员是在特殊环境里工作的，所以是environment。故选A。 九、阅读理解 Have you ever imagined baking (烤) chickens in space? How do the freshly-made chicken wings taste there? In November 2025, taikonauts in China’s Tiangong space station made history by baking chicken wings in space. This was real cooking, not just reheating food. How could they make it? A special hot-air oven was the key, a big step forward in improving taikonauts’ dining experience in orbit (轨道). Recently, taikonauts from Shenzhou-21 and Shenzhou-20 successfully used this device and baked popular dishes like “Orleans-style” chicken wings and black pepper beef steak. But cooking in space is very difficult. The first problem is heat. On Earth, hot air rises, helping ovens bake food. But in space, zero gravity (重力) stops hot air from rising, so it stays near the heater and makes cooking slow. The second problem is smoke and oil fumes (油烟). Without gravity, they will stay in the air instead of falling, harming taikonauts’ health. To solve these problems, Chinese engineers built a “magic oven” with a series of homegrown “black technologies”. It has a fan inside to force the hot air to move around just like on Earth. More importantly, the oven has a special kitchen hood (抽油烟机) built inside. When taikonauts cook, it can quickly catch smoke and oil fumes, clean the air and let fresh air out. Also, a special ovenware (烤盘) can hold the food in place. In addition, a special box inside is used to collect the waste. It’s said that the oven is strong and can work well at least 500 times to meet the needs of long space missions. Before this invention, most space food products were pre-cooked and ready-to-eat. Thanks to the oven, the taikonauts’ menu has over 190 types of food. ▲ Also, the “space garden” on board is wonderful. Taikonauts have successfully grown fresh vegetables, adding more fresh food to their meals. This space oven is small, but it marks a meaningful step forward in China’s efforts to make space travel more enjoyable. 1. How does the writer begin this text? A. By comparing facts. B. By asking questions. C. By listing numbers. D. By telling stories. 2. Which of the following pictures matches with the description (描述) in Paragraph 4 correctly? A. B. C. D. 3. Which sentence can be filled in ▲ ? A. Space experiments greatly influence human medical care. B. To make their spare time colorful, they even do exercise in space. C. The new oven is part of China’s efforts to improve taikonauts’ lives. D. China’s space technology develops quickly, driving further space exploration. 4. What is the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. 5. Which can be the best title for the text? A. The Challenges of Cooking in Space B. The Improvements in Space Exploration C. A Special Hot-air Oven for Space Baking D. Differences between Earth cooking and space cooking 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. C 【解析】本文介绍了中国天宫空间站的特制烤箱，解决太空烹饪难题，丰富了航天员的餐食，是中国提升太空旅行体验的重要一步。 1. 推理判断题。根据“Have you ever imagined baking (烤) chickens in space? How do the freshly-made chicken wings taste there?”可知，文章开头通过提出两个问题引出话题，故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据“In addition, a special box inside is used to collect the waste.”可知，一个特殊的盒子被用于收集废弃物，D选项图片与描述匹配。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据前文“Thanks to the oven, the taikonauts’ menu has over 190 types of food.”和后文“Also, the ‘space garden’ on board is wonderful.”可知，空格处的句子需要承接烤箱对改善航天员生活的作用，且与“space garden”的内容并列，根据“The new oven is part of China’s efforts to improve taikonauts’ lives.”可知，该句符合语境，故选C。 4. 篇章结构题。第一段引出“太空烤鸡翅”事件；第二段提出核心工具“特制烤箱”；第三、四段介绍太空烹饪的困难及烤箱的解决方法；第五段说明烤箱的成果并介绍其他改善措施；第六段总结意义。A选项符合文章结构。故选A。 5. 最佳标题题。根据“A special hot-air oven was the key, a big step forward in improving taikonauts’ dining experience in orbit (轨道).”可知，全文围绕“A special hot-air oven”展开，介绍它的作用、解决的问题等，文章核心是这款太空烘焙专用烤箱，故选C。 B 阅读还原 On April 24th, 2025, China celebrated the 10th China Space Day. On that day, the Shenzhou-20 spacecraft (航天器) flew into space. 1 Taikonauts live very differently in space. There is little gravity (重力) there, so they can’t cook food like we do on Earth. They eat special food. 2 There are no real beds in space either (也). So taikonauts sleep in sleeping bags. These bags are fixed to (被固定在) the wall. There is no “up” or “down” in space. So they can sleep in any place. To stay healthy, they exercise every day with special bikes. Spacewalks are also an important part of a taikonaut’s job. When they go outside the space station, they wear space suits (航天服). 3 During spacewalks, taikonauts can repair broken parts of the station and take care of it. The Shenzhou-20 team will stay in space for about six months. One of their jobs is to study zebrafish (斑马鱼). These small fish have something in common with humans. 4 These interesting jobs show how hard taikonauts work. Their job is not easy, but it is very important. They also make young people like us want to dream big. 5 A. These suits help protect taikonauts. B. They bring the food from the Earth. C. Maybe one day, you could be a taikonaut too. D. Do you wonder what taikonauts’ life is like there? E. So they help scientists learn how low gravity changes living things. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. E 5. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国航天员在太空中的生活和工作情况，包括饮食、睡眠、太空行走以及科学研究等内容。 1. 根据“On April 24th, 2025, China celebrated the 10th China Space Day. On that day, the Shenzhou-20 spacecraft (航天器) flew into space.”以及后文紧接着提到航天员的生活，因此空缺处应是一个过渡句，引出对航天员生活的描述，选项D“你想知道航天员在那里的生活是怎样的吗？”符合语境。故选D。 2. 根据“They eat special food.”可知，此处与饮食有关，选项B“他们从地球带来食物。”符合语境。故选B。 3. 根据“When they go outside the space station, they wear space suits.”可知，此处应说明航天服的作用，选项A“这些服装有助于保护航天员。”符合语境。故选A。 4. 根据“The Shenzhou-20 team will stay in space for about six months. One of their jobs is to study zebrafish (斑马鱼). These small fish have something in common with humans.”可知，此处应说明研究斑马鱼的目的，选项E“因此它们帮助科学家了解低重力如何改变生物。”符合语境。故选E。 5. 根据“These interesting jobs show how hard taikonauts work. Their job is not easy, but it is very important. They also make young people like us want to dream big.”可知，此处位于文末，为总结性语句，推测此处谈论宇航员的工作激励年轻人。选项C“也许有一天，你也能成为一名航天员。” 这直接呼应了让年轻人梦想成为宇航员的部分，是一个鼓舞性的结尾。故选C。 C阅读回答问题 The Shenzhou-19 crewed spaceship, China’s 14th manned spaceflight, was launched into space successfully on October 30th, 2024. It was sent into orbit by a Long March 2F carrier rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. Inside the rocket are astronauts Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong, and Wang Haoze. Wang Haoze is the first female spaceflight engineer for China. She was born in Luanping County, Hebei Province in 1990. Wang’s journey to becoming an astronaut was marked by hard work and perseverance. She faced lots of challenges during her training, but she never gave up. Her determination and strong will help her push through every difficulty. She is a role model for people around the world, showing that with hard work, big dreams, and perseverance, one can overcome any difficulty and achieve great things. The spaceship’s main job was to meet the China Space Station. It is expected to last for several months, during which the astronauts will contribute to the expansion and improvement of the space station. After some time in space, the astronauts will do many things, like doing scientific experiments, giving science lessons and showing new technology. They will also go on spacewalks outside the space station. In conclusion, the successful launch of Shenzhou-19 is not only a technological achievement but also a symbol of China’s growing progress in space exploration. 1. When was the Shenzhou-19 crewed spaceship launched into space? 2. How many astronauts are there inside the rocket? 3. Who is the first female spaceflight engineer for China? 4. Where is astronaut Wang Haoze from? 5. What will the astronauts do in space? 【答案】1. The Shenzhou-19 crewed spaceship was launched into space on October 30th, 2024./On October 30th, 2024. 2. There are three astronauts in the rocket./Three./3. 3. Wang Haoze is the first female spaceflight engineer for China./Wang Haoze. 4. She/Wang Haoze is from Luanping County, Hebei Province./Luanping County, Hebei Province 5. They will do scientific experiments, give science lessons, show new technology and go on spacewalks outside the space station. 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国神舟十九号载人飞船的成功发射，包括发射时间、运载火箭、宇航员组成、王浩泽的身份与背景，以及宇航员在太空中的主要任务。 1. 第一段第一句“The Shenzhou-19 crewed spaceship...was launched into space successfully on October 30th, 2024”指出，神舟十九号载人飞船于2024年10月30日发射升空。 2. 第二段第一句“Inside the rocket are astronauts Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong, and Wang Haoze”指出，火箭内共有三名宇航员。 3. 第二段第二句“Wang Haoze is the first female spaceflight engineer for China”表明，王浩泽是中国第一位女性航天飞行工程师。 4. 第二段第三句“She was born in Luanping County, Hebei Province in 1990”表明，她于1990年出生于河北省滦平县。 5. 第三段最后两句“...the astronauts will do many things, like doing scientific experiments, giving science lessons and showing new technology. They will also go on spacewalks...”可看出，宇航员在太空中将进行科学实验、太空授课、展示新技术，并进行太空行走。 $