精品解析：广东广州市真光中学2025-2026学年第二学期期中阶段测试高一英语试题

广州市真光中学2025学年第二学期期中阶段测试 高一英语试题 本试卷共8页，满分130分。考试用时120分钟 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色钢笔或签字笔填写自己的学校、班级、姓名、试室号、座位号和考生号，再用2B铅笔把考生号的标号涂黑。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A SHARK CONSERVATION IN SOUTH AFRICA Take a two-week trip that you will never forget as a volunteer with sharks on a beautiful stretch of South Africa’s coastline. Head out to sea to witness one of the world’s most powerful (and most misunderstood) creatures on this inspiring project, enjoying watching them from both above and below water. The DAY-BY-DAY schedule Day 1: Arrive in Cape Town on a Sunday. You will be collected from the airport and spend your first night in a guest house in the city centre. Day 2: You will be collected bright and early from the guest house and taken down to the project. The drive takes about 90 minutes. You will receive a welcome and head out to sea to witness your first sharks! Day 3+: Most days you will be out on the boat with the sharks, depending on weather. Help out with the full range of tasks on the boats, and in conservation initiatives on land too. Last day: On the final day of your project you will be taken back to Cape Town for your onward travel. The price is £829,including the voluntary work programme with accommodations, airport transfers, one night in a guest house in Cape Town, breakfasts daily and lunches when on the boats. Your trip can be extended at a cost of £ 375 per week. It is an amazing experience! Some volunteers planned to stay for 4 weeks, extended to 6 weeks and still didn’t want to come home. If you’d like to chat about this holiday or need help, we’re very happy to help. Call us at 01273 823 700. Email us at rosy@responsibletravel.com. 1. When will you really begin your shark watching trip? A. On a Friday. B. On a Saturday. C. On a Sunday. D. On a Monday. 2. What will you probably do on the third day if weather permits? A. Sail on the ocean. B. Return to Cape Town. C. Buy some souvenirs. D. Dive with sharks. 3. How much will you spend on a three-week shark conservation trip? A. £ 375. B. £ 750. C. £ 829. D. £ 1,204. B In 1998, British adventurer Karl Bushby looked down a road in Chile and set a goal: walk all the way home to Hull, England — without using a single form of transport, which was audacious. What he didn’t know then was that the journey he thought would take eight years would stretch into a remarkable 27-year trek (跋涉) across continents, oceans and history. Now, after walking 36, 000 miles, surviving the attack of polar bears, swimming across seas, and navigating countless visa setbacks, the 56-year-old adventurer is finally on the home stretch. Bushby began his adventure in Punta Arenas, Chile, trekking north through South and North America, eventually reaching Alaska. In 2006, he attempted one of the most dangerous legs of the journey: crossing the frozen Bering-Strait into Siberia. Armed with a gun to scare off polar bears and forced to leap between moving blocks of ice, he achieved what few people on Earth have ever done. His challenges didn’t stop there. Last year, when he couldn’t safely travel through a European country, he took on a new challenge — swimming across the Caspian Sea. With a support team and co-swimmer Angela Maxwell, Bushby spent 31 days completing the 179-mile crossing, swimming a total of 132 hours. After reaching Azerbaijan, he continued through Turkey, and now stands less than 2,000 miles from home. He hopes to recenter Europe this summer and walk into Hull by September 2026. Returning home after nearly three decades, he admits, will feel unrealistic. He left when he was 29. He will return at 58. He says reuniting with family will mean “getting to know each other again”. Bushby walks an average of 30km a day and rests wherever he can find shelter. His mission, called the Goliath Expedition, has outlasted five UK prime ministers, a global health incident, and numerous wars — but his spirit remains as strong as it was in 1998. And the world is cheering him on as he enters the final chapter of one of the most extraordinary human endurance journeys ever attempted. 4. What does the underlined word “audacious” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Daring. B. Risky. C. Ambitious. D. Practical. 5. Why did Bushby swim across the Caspian Sea? A. To set a new world record. B. To avoid the potential risk. C. To shorten the distance. D. To test his physical limits. 6. What does Bushby mean by saying “getting to know each other again”? A. It is awkward to see his family. B. It is too long since he left home. C. He feels regretful for traveling. D. He wants to accompany his family more. 7. What does the Goliath Expedition symbolize? A. The power of spirit. B. The need for recognition. C. The meaning of exploration. D. The importance of adaptation. C Hollywood may have warned about the risks of building up relationships with artificial intelligence (AI), but one computer scientist says we may be missing a trick if we do not accept the positives that human-machine relationships have to offer. Tony Prescott, a professor of robotics at the University of Sheffield, argues that AI has an important role to play in preventing human loneliness. Just as we develop meaningful relationships with pets, and have no doubt about children playing with dolls, so we should be open to the value of AI to adults, he says. “Human loneliness is often described as a cycle in which loneliness leads to lower self-worth, which discourages (阻拦，使泄气) further communication with people.” Prescott writes in a new book The Psychology of Artificial Intelligence. “There may be ways in which AI companionship (陪伴) could help break it by strengthening feelings of self-worth and helping maintain or improve social skills. If so, relationships with AIs could support people to find companionship with human and artificial others.” With more than a third of Americans reporting “serious loneliness”, the loneliness problem has become clear in recent years. Whether AI can, or should, be part of the solution is not a new debate. Sherry Turkle, a professor of social science at MIT, has warned that forming relationships with machines could backfire (事与愿违), and lead people to have fewer secure and satisfying human relationships. Murali Doraiswamy, a professor of medicine at Duke University, said: “Right now, all the evidence points to having a close human friend as the best solution to loneliness. But until society put social connectedness on top of the list, robots are a solution for the millions of people who have no friends.” Researchers may soon know whether people turn to AI for company. Tech firms are building chatbots to be ever more responsive to emotions. This week, OpenAI asked Scarlett Johansson to be the voice of their latest chatbot, GPT-4o, to “help consumers to feel comfortable”. Johansson refused, but the chatbot came onto the market with a voice that friends and family thought was hers. 8. Why are the pets and dolls mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To show the meaningful relationship between AI and children. B. To stress the limitations of human-AI relationships in daily life. C. To display the potential for AI to provide similar companionship. D. To suggest the possibility for AI to replace traditional companions. 9. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. The continued failure of human relationships with AI. B. The pattern of loneliness, lower self-worth and further loneliness. C. The repeated use of AI and others for companionship. D. The process of developing human self-worth and social skills. 10. Who expressed concern that AI companionship could weaken human connections? A. Tony Prescott. B. Scarlett Johansson. C. Murali Doraiswamy. D. Sherry Turkle. 11. Which question does the passage mainly focus on? A. Could AI contribute to increased loneliness? B. Will AI companionship replace human interaction? C. Can AI be used as an effective solution to loneliness? D. Is AI companionship better than traditional relationships? D When we think about lives filled with meaning, we often focus on people whose grand contributions benefited humanity. Abraham Lincoln, Martin Luther King and Nelson Mandela surely felt they had a worthwhile life. But how about us ordinary people, struggling in a typical existence? There is an important element to consider. Think about the first butterfly you stop to admire after a long winter or imagine the scenery at the top of a hill after a fresh hike. Sometimes existence delivers us small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating such experiences, these moments may enhance how they view their life. This element is defined as EA (experiential appreciation) by Joshua Hicks, a psychological professor at Texas A & M University. Recently, he and his research team set out to figure out whether EA was related to a person’s sense of meaning in a series of studies that involved more than 3,000 participants. At an initial test, researchers had participants rate their agreement of different coping strategies to relieve their stress. They found people who managed stress by focusing on their appreciation for life’s beauty also reported experiencing life as highly meaningful. Researchers then conducted a series of experiments, in which they gave participants specific tasks and, once more, asked them to report how strongly they identified with statements linked to purpose, etc. In one case, participants who watched an awe-inspiring video reported having a greater sense of EA and meaning in life, compared with those watched more neutral videos. After reflecting on the results collected from the participants, researchers confirmed their original theory. But applying that insight can be difficult. Our modern, fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with targets and goals. We are on the go, and we attempt to maximize output both at work and at leisure. This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. Yet life happens in the present moment. We should slow down, let life surprise us and embrace the significance in the everyday life. 12. Why are the butterfly and the scenery on a hill mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To deliver moments of beauty. B. To explain personal experiences. C. To present the concept of EA. D. To show the necessity of protecting nature. 13. How did the researchers conduct the study? A. By studying previous research data. B. By analyzing the response from the participants. C. By shooting videos starring the participants. D. By designing different strategies to reduce stress. 14. Who tends to find life more meaningful according to the text? A. A person who always gets her life well-organized. B. A person who leads a fast-paced life. C. A person who often hears motivating speeches. D. A person who always expects future results. 15. What life philosophy does the author show in the last paragraph? A. No pains, no gains. B. Live your life one day at a time. C. Being on sea, sail; being on land, settle. D. Those who believe in their ability can do anything. 第二节 (共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Your Path to Emotional Maturity Emotions play a critical part in life. In order to grow and be better than before, you must learn to be emotionally intelligent. Let’s explore some powerful strategies to help you become emotionally mature! Try using “I” statements Whenever you feel hurt, you need to tell others your feelings in a considerate way. The best way to do this is by using “I” statements instead of “You” statements. For example, you should use the statement: “I feel miserable and heartbroken” instead of “You make me feel miserable and heartbroken”. ____16____ Own your feelings If you want to change yourself, start with taking ownership of your feelings. However, in some situations, instead of owning your feelings, you tend to deflect (转移) them and make others feel guilty about how you are feeling. ____17____ Embrace them as a part of yourself because they are a part of you, right? ____18____ People interact with us like we are mind readers sometimes; this happens mostly in relationships. Your partner would want you to know exactly what they want and when they want it; this can be extremely annoying. Just as you aren’t a mind reader, others aren’t either. You need to share your needs with the other person, and they need to do the same with you. Mind your actions and words Often, you say a lot when you are emotional, especially when you are angry. ____19____ You need to mind whatever you say and do; this can either make the other person love or hate you. The strategy in a stressful situation is to focus on yourself instead of focusing on others; this will calm you down instantly. Always question your thoughts Actions and words have the same importance; this is what I need you to understand. In some situations, your loved ones could be hurting you through their words or their actions, and you could also be wrong. ____20____ What happens in more than 70% of situations is that you let negative thoughts take hold of you; this is completely wrong. A. Attempt to be mind readers. B. Communicate your needs. C. You’d better not let negative thoughts question your judgment. D. Thus, rather than dump them on others, learn to take charge of your feelings. E. The approach is non-aggressive and describes you as emotionally mature. F. If not controlled, it can have severe consequences, especially in your relationship. G. Let’s say that you get into a fight with your partner, and you also get hurt. 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My first guitar lesson ended in pain, confusion and defeat. But then I was completely ___21___. At 10, I felt a deep connection to this mysterious instrument. Since then, guitars have been my life. Through aching fingers, guitars ___22___ my deep emotions. With practice, the pain ___23___ and I grew closer to the instrument. The calluses (老茧) on my fingertips became badges (勋章) of honor, filling me with pride. The feelings of playing became second nature, providing temporary excellence. I couldn’t remember how many times I had been ___24___ to another reality. Picking up a guitar always returns me to that innocent 10-year-old, leaving me calmer and ___25___. The joy is ___26___ when I witness its impact on others. In my late teens, our band performed at hospitals and seniors’ homes. The smiles of the audience still remain with me. Guitars also ___27___ cultural divides. When I traveled, the ___28___ rhythms with fellow musicians awakened beautiful conversations. The guitar has ___29___ many defining moments in my life — performing for my wife, accompanying my children and comforting me in ____30____. It centers and calms me. Many years ago, I thought I was picking up a guitar for the first and only time. ____31____, it became my lifelong passion. I ____32____ it to my parents, whose encouragement and belief in my potential paved the way for a lifelong ____33____. For anyone fortunate enough, there’s an “instrument” waiting to be found — something that ____34____ them to themselves and others. It might not be a guitar, it could be a paintbrush or a sport. What matters is the sense of ____35____ it brings. 21. A. confused B. exhausted C. absorbed D. occupied 22. A. tapped into B. turned around C. ran into D. looked around 23. A. emerged B. faded C. integrated D. increased 24. A. admitted B. pushed C. exposed D. transported 25. A. cautious B. painful C. refreshed D. sole 26. A. enhanced B. upgraded C. released D. overcome 27. A. built B. melted C. recounted D. bridged 28. A. complex B. shared C. local D. similar 29. A. predicted B. remembered C. valued D. marked 30. A. hardship B. silence C. progress D. business 31. A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Eventually 32. A. pass B. distribute C. deliver D. credit 33. A. sympathy B. enthusiasm C. tension D. tone 34. A. presents B. links C. introduces D. changes 35. A. achievement B. identity C. belonging D. community 第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 London’s food scene has witnessed an inrush not only of traditional Cantonese restaurants but also a diverse range of regional Chinese cuisines. For decades, London’s Chinatown has been closely associated with classic dishes ____36____ (root) in Guangdong province. While London’s Chinese food has expanded far beyond that, reflecting a much ____37____ (broad) cultural shift. While Cantonese-centric offerings have laid the foundation of familiarity with Chinese culinary (烹饪的) culture, the increasing variety makes it ____38____ big challenge for restaurants to meet local British tastes. To adapt to the trend, they manage to introduce new dishes and enhance existing ones ____39____ (continuous) for bettering the menu. Additionally, larger culinary schools commit to teaching authentic Chinese cooking, ____40____ (strengthen) greater appreciation and mastery of the cuisine. Hotpot, a typical Chinese dish, has taken center stage in London, described as an “adventure” ____41____ locals could enjoy genuine Sichuan cuisine and unfamiliar cultural experiences. Meanwhile, hearty hand-pulled noodles of Xi’an are also making waves, driven by the growing ____42____ (present) of Chinese customers and Londoners’ appetite for authentic regional flavors. Chen Xin, the chief organizer of the 2024 London Chinese Cuisine International Development Convention, ____43____ (emphasize) that London was becoming a true global center of Chinese cuisine, staying true ____44____ one single mission — providing Chinese customers with a taste of home _____45_____ showcasing the depth of Chinese culinary culture to international diners. 第三部分 写作 (共四节，满分50分) 第一节 完成句子 (共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 请根据单词首字母、中文提示和上下文语义用人教版必修二U5 和必修三U1-3的单词的正确形式填空，答题卡上要写上含单词首字母的完整单词，否则不给分。 46. When he won the first prize in the competition, we offered him our c________ (祝贺) (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 47. Nowadays many online videos are produced for c________ (商业的) purposes rather than art. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 48. A large p________ (百分比) of students in this school take part in after-class activities. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 49. She is c________ (有能力的) of finishing the task on time without others’ help. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 50. Their happy m________ (婚姻) has lasted for more than twenty years. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 51. Many natural p________ (现象) remain mysterious to human beings. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 52. A serious accident o________ (发生) on the highway during the rush hour yesterday. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 53. There was growing t________ (紧张气氛) between the two sides before the negotiation. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 54. He has s________ (寻求; 谋求) advice from his teacher on how to improve his writing. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 55. The movie tells a r________ (浪漫的) story between a young painter and a musician. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 第二节 选词填空 (共15空，每空1分，满分15分) 根据短文，选出适当的单词或短语并用恰当的形式填入短文中的空格内。有两个多余项。 go through; put up; belief; grateful; In despair; energetic; get through; series of; generous; envelop; dress up; admit; whisper; Last term I faced a ____56____ difficulties and nearly gave up ____57____. My best friend noticed my trouble and tried to ____58____ to me. She was always ____59____ staying with me and encouraging me to hold the ____60____ that I could make it. I was so ____61____ for her help. She didn’t ____62____ behind my back but supported me sincerely. To show her care, she even ____63____ as a clown to cheer me up. I had to ____64____ that her kindness ____65____ me in warmth. With her ____66____ help, I finally overcame those difficulties. 第三节 书面表达 (共1题，满分25分) 67. 某英文杂志开设“一周一成语”专栏，向外国读者介绍中国成语。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，介绍成语“卧薪尝胆” (Sleep on Brushwood, Taste Gall) 。内容包括： 1. 简述成语后面的故事 2. 阐释道理 参考词汇：perseverance n. 坚韧 humiliation n. 屈辱 endure vt. 忍受 要求：字数在120词左右。 Sleep on Brushwood, Taste Gall: A Chinese Idiom of Perseverance ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 广州市真光中学2025学年第二学期期中阶段测试 高一英语试题 本试卷共8页，满分130分。考试用时120分钟 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色钢笔或签字笔填写自己的学校、班级、姓名、试室号、座位号和考生号，再用2B铅笔把考生号的标号涂黑。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A SHARK CONSERVATION IN SOUTH AFRICA Take a two-week trip that you will never forget as a volunteer with sharks on a beautiful stretch of South Africa’s coastline. Head out to sea to witness one of the world’s most powerful (and most misunderstood) creatures on this inspiring project, enjoying watching them from both above and below water. The DAY-BY-DAY schedule Day 1: Arrive in Cape Town on a Sunday. You will be collected from the airport and spend your first night in a guest house in the city centre. Day 2: You will be collected bright and early from the guest house and taken down to the project. The drive takes about 90 minutes. You will receive a welcome and head out to sea to witness your first sharks! Day 3+: Most days you will be out on the boat with the sharks, depending on weather. Help out with the full range of tasks on the boats, and in conservation initiatives on land too. Last day: On the final day of your project you will be taken back to Cape Town for your onward travel. The price is £829,including the voluntary work programme with accommodations, airport transfers, one night in a guest house in Cape Town, breakfasts daily and lunches when on the boats. Your trip can be extended at a cost of £ 375 per week. It is an amazing experience! Some volunteers planned to stay for 4 weeks, extended to 6 weeks and still didn’t want to come home. If you’d like to chat about this holiday or need help, we’re very happy to help. Call us at 01273 823 700. Email us at rosy@responsibletravel.com. 1. When will you really begin your shark watching trip? A. On a Friday. B. On a Saturday. C. On a Sunday. D. On a Monday. 2. What will you probably do on the third day if weather permits? A. Sail on the ocean. B. Return to Cape Town. C. Buy some souvenirs. D. Dive with sharks. 3. How much will you spend on a three-week shark conservation trip? A. £ 375. B. £ 750. C. £ 829. D. £ 1,204. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个为期二周的鲨鱼保护之旅的具体安排和活动细节。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据The DAY-BY-DAY schedule中“Day 1: Arrive in Cape Town on a Sunday.( 星期天到达开普敦。) ”和“Day 2: You will receive a welcome and head out to sea to witness your first sharks!( 您将受到欢迎，并出海见证您的第一条鲨鱼！)”可知，周日到达观测鲨鱼的地方，第二天看到第一条鲨鱼。由此可知，在这次观测鲨鱼之旅的日程安排中，周一可以开始观测鲨鱼之旅。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Day 3+: Most days you will be out on the boat with the sharks, depending on weather.( 第三天以后:根据天气情况，大部分时间你会和鲨鱼一起出海。)”可知，如果天气情况许可，第三天你海上航行观测鲨鱼。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Take a two-week trip…”和倒数第四段“The price is £829,including the voluntary work programme with accommodations,  airport transfers, one night in a guest house in Cape Town, breakfasts daily and lunches when on the boats. Your trip can be extended at a cost of £ 375 per week.( 价格为829英镑，包括志愿工作计划，包括住宿、机场接送、在开普敦的宾馆住一晚、每天早餐和船上午餐。您的旅行可以延长，每周费用为375英镑。)可知，因为这是一个两周的旅行项目，所以为期三周的鲨鱼保护之旅，你需要支付：£829+£375=£1204。故选D。 B In 1998, British adventurer Karl Bushby looked down a road in Chile and set a goal: walk all the way home to Hull, England — without using a single form of transport, which was audacious. What he didn’t know then was that the journey he thought would take eight years would stretch into a remarkable 27-year trek (跋涉) across continents, oceans and history. Now, after walking 36, 000 miles, surviving the attack of polar bears, swimming across seas, and navigating countless visa setbacks, the 56-year-old adventurer is finally on the home stretch. Bushby began his adventure in Punta Arenas, Chile, trekking north through South and North America, eventually reaching Alaska. In 2006, he attempted one of the most dangerous legs of the journey: crossing the frozen Bering-Strait into Siberia. Armed with a gun to scare off polar bears and forced to leap between moving blocks of ice, he achieved what few people on Earth have ever done. His challenges didn’t stop there. Last year, when he couldn’t safely travel through a European country, he took on a new challenge — swimming across the Caspian Sea. With a support team and co-swimmer Angela Maxwell, Bushby spent 31 days completing the 179-mile crossing, swimming a total of 132 hours. After reaching Azerbaijan, he continued through Turkey, and now stands less than 2,000 miles from home. He hopes to recenter Europe this summer and walk into Hull by September 2026. Returning home after nearly three decades, he admits, will feel unrealistic. He left when he was 29. He will return at 58. He says reuniting with family will mean “getting to know each other again”. Bushby walks an average of 30km a day and rests wherever he can find shelter. His mission, called the Goliath Expedition, has outlasted five UK prime ministers, a global health incident, and numerous wars — but his spirit remains as strong as it was in 1998. And the world is cheering him on as he enters the final chapter of one of the most extraordinary human endurance journeys ever attempted. 4. What does the underlined word “audacious” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Daring. B. Risky. C. Ambitious. D. Practical. 5. Why did Bushby swim across the Caspian Sea? A. To set a new world record. B. To avoid the potential risk. C. To shorten the distance. D. To test his physical limits. 6. What does Bushby mean by saying “getting to know each other again”? A. It is awkward to see his family. B. It is too long since he left home. C. He feels regretful for traveling. D. He wants to accompany his family more. 7. What does the Goliath Expedition symbolize? A. The power of spirit. B. The need for recognition. C. The meaning of exploration. D. The importance of adaptation. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了英国冒险家卡尔布什比从1998年开始，计划徒步从智利返回英国故乡，历经 27年、跨越3. 6万英里，克服无数艰难险阻，如今即将完成这一非凡壮举的故事。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“In 1998, British adventurer Karl Bushby looked down a road in Chile and set a goal: walk all the way home to Hull, England — without using a single form of transport, which was audacious. (1998年, 英国冒险家卡尔布什比望着智利的一条路, 定下了一个目标：不使用任何交通工具，一路步行回到英格兰的赫尔——这可谓audacious) ”以及后文描述他花费27年、行走3. 6万英里可知，这个目标非常大胆、有雄心。A. daring意为“勇敢的、敢于冒险的”，仅强调勇气与胆量，侧重行为上的大胆。而原文突出的是这一目标规模宏大、耗时极长、极具挑战性，强调的是理想与抱负的宏大，不只是“敢不敢做”。故划线词 audacious意为“雄心勃勃的”，与“Ambitious”同义。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Last year, when he couldn’t safely travel through a European country, he took on a new challenge— swimming across the Caspian Sea. (去年, 当他无法安全穿越某个欧洲国家时，他接受了一项新的挑战——游泳横渡里海) ”可知，布什比游泳横渡里海是为了避免穿越某国可能带来的安全风险。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Returning home after nearly three decades, he admits, will feel unrealistic. (他承认，在近三十年后回家，会感觉不真实) ”和“He left when he was 29. He will turn at 58. He says reuniting with family will mean“getting to know each other again”. (他29岁时离开，归来时已58岁。他说与家人重逢意味着“重新认识彼此”) ”可推知，他说“getting to know each other again”的意思是自己离开家的时间太长了，重逢意味着要重新了解彼此。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“His mission, called the Goliath Expedition, has outlasted five UK prime ministers, a global health incident, and numerous wars— but his spirit remains as strong as it was in 1998. (他的使命被称为“歌利亚远征”，它历经了五位英国首相、一次全球卫生事件和无数次战争——但他的精神仍与1998年时一样坚强) ”以及全文描述他克服的种种困难可知，“歌利亚远征”象征着精神的力量。 C Hollywood may have warned about the risks of building up relationships with artificial intelligence (AI), but one computer scientist says we may be missing a trick if we do not accept the positives that human-machine relationships have to offer. Tony Prescott, a professor of robotics at the University of Sheffield, argues that AI has an important role to play in preventing human loneliness. Just as we develop meaningful relationships with pets, and have no doubt about children playing with dolls, so we should be open to the value of AI to adults, he says. “Human loneliness is often described as a cycle in which loneliness leads to lower self-worth, which discourages (阻拦，使泄气) further communication with people.” Prescott writes in a new book The Psychology of Artificial Intelligence. “There may be ways in which AI companionship (陪伴) could help break it by strengthening feelings of self-worth and helping maintain or improve social skills. If so, relationships with AIs could support people to find companionship with human and artificial others.” With more than a third of Americans reporting “serious loneliness”, the loneliness problem has become clear in recent years. Whether AI can, or should, be part of the solution is not a new debate. Sherry Turkle, a professor of social science at MIT, has warned that forming relationships with machines could backfire (事与愿违), and lead people to have fewer secure and satisfying human relationships. Murali Doraiswamy, a professor of medicine at Duke University, said: “Right now, all the evidence points to having a close human friend as the best solution to loneliness. But until society put social connectedness on top of the list, robots are a solution for the millions of people who have no friends.” Researchers may soon know whether people turn to AI for company. Tech firms are building chatbots to be ever more responsive to emotions. This week, OpenAI asked Scarlett Johansson to be the voice of their latest chatbot, GPT-4o, to “help consumers to feel comfortable”. Johansson refused, but the chatbot came onto the market with a voice that friends and family thought was hers. 8. Why are the pets and dolls mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To show the meaningful relationship between AI and children. B. To stress the limitations of human-AI relationships in daily life. C. To display the potential for AI to provide similar companionship. D. To suggest the possibility for AI to replace traditional companions. 9. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. The continued failure of human relationships with AI. B. The pattern of loneliness, lower self-worth and further loneliness. C. The repeated use of AI and others for companionship. D. The process of developing human self-worth and social skills. 10. Who expressed concern that AI companionship could weaken human connections? A. Tony Prescott. B. Scarlett Johansson. C. Murali Doraiswamy. D. Sherry Turkle. 11. Which question does the passage mainly focus on? A. Could AI contribute to increased loneliness? B. Will AI companionship replace human interaction? C. Can AI be used as an effective solution to loneliness? D. Is AI companionship better than traditional relationships? 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨人工智能陪伴能否成为解决人类孤独问题的有效方案，呈现不同学者对此的支持与担忧两种观点。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Just as we develop meaningful relationships with pets, and have no doubt about children playing with dolls, so we should be open to the value of AI to adults, he says.(他说，正如我们与宠物建立起有意义的关系，也完全认同孩子们玩洋娃娃一样，我们也应该接纳人工智能对成年人的价值)”可知，宠物和洋娃娃被提及，是为了说明人工智能也有可能提供类似的陪伴价值。故选C项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Human loneliness is often described as a cycle in which loneliness leads to lower self-worth, which discourages (阻拦，使泄气) further communication with people. (人类的孤独常被描述为一个循环：孤独导致自我价值感降低，进而阻碍人们与他人的进一步交流)”以及“There may be ways in which AI companionship (陪伴) could help break it by strengthening feelings of self-worth and helping maintain or improve social skills.(而人工智能的陪伴或许可以通过增强自我价值感、帮助维持或提升社交技能，来打破这一循环)”可知，“it”指代的是前文提到的“孤独—自我价值感降低—更孤独”的恶性循环模式。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Sherry Turkle, a professor of social science at MIT, has warned that forming relationships with machines could backfire (事与愿违), and lead people to have fewer secure and satisfying human relationships.(麻省理工学院的社会科学教授雪莉·特克尔警告称，与机器建立关系可能会产生反效果，导致人们拥有的稳定且令人满意的人际关系越来越少)”可知，雪莉·特克尔担忧人工智能陪伴会削弱人与人之间的联系。故选D项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“Tony Prescott, a professor of robotics at the University of Sheffield, argues that AI has an important role to play in preventing human loneliness.(谢菲尔德大学机器人学教授托尼·普雷斯科特认为，人工智能在预防人类孤独方面可以发挥重要作用)”、第四段中的“Sherry Turkle, a professor of social science at MIT, has warned that forming relationships with machines could backfire (事与愿违), and lead people to have fewer secure and satisfying human relationships.(麻省理工学院的社会科学教授雪莉·特克尔警告称，与机器建立关系可能会产生反效果，导致人们拥有的稳定且令人满意的人际关系越来越少)”以及第五段中的“Murali Doraiswamy, a professor of medicine at Duke University, said: “Right now, all the evidence points to having a close human friend as the best solution to loneliness. But until society put social connectedness on top of the list, robots are a solution for the millions of people who have no friends.”(杜克大学医学教授穆拉利·多拉伊斯瓦米说：“目前所有证据都表明，拥有亲密的人类朋友是解决孤独的最佳方案。但在社会将社交联系放在首位之前，机器人对数百万没有朋友的人来说是一种解决方案”)”可知，文章引用不同学者的观点，分别阐述了人工智能缓解孤独的潜力和可能存在的弊端，核心围绕“人工智能能否成为缓解孤独感的有效方法”这一问题展开讨论。故选C项。 D When we think about lives filled with meaning, we often focus on people whose grand contributions benefited humanity. Abraham Lincoln, Martin Luther King and Nelson Mandela surely felt they had a worthwhile life. But how about us ordinary people, struggling in a typical existence? There is an important element to consider. Think about the first butterfly you stop to admire after a long winter or imagine the scenery at the top of a hill after a fresh hike. Sometimes existence delivers us small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating such experiences, these moments may enhance how they view their life. This element is defined as EA (experiential appreciation) by Joshua Hicks, a psychological professor at Texas A & M University. Recently, he and his research team set out to figure out whether EA was related to a person’s sense of meaning in a series of studies that involved more than 3,000 participants. At an initial test, researchers had participants rate their agreement of different coping strategies to relieve their stress. They found people who managed stress by focusing on their appreciation for life’s beauty also reported experiencing life as highly meaningful. Researchers then conducted a series of experiments, in which they gave participants specific tasks and, once more, asked them to report how strongly they identified with statements linked to purpose, etc. In one case, participants who watched an awe-inspiring video reported having a greater sense of EA and meaning in life, compared with those watched more neutral videos. After reflecting on the results collected from the participants, researchers confirmed their original theory. But applying that insight can be difficult. Our modern, fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with targets and goals. We are on the go, and we attempt to maximize output both at work and at leisure. This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. Yet life happens in the present moment. We should slow down, let life surprise us and embrace the significance in the everyday life. 12. Why are the butterfly and the scenery on a hill mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To deliver moments of beauty. B. To explain personal experiences. C. To present the concept of EA. D. To show the necessity of protecting nature. 13. How did the researchers conduct the study? A. By studying previous research data. B. By analyzing the response from the participants. C. By shooting videos starring the participants. D. By designing different strategies to reduce stress. 14. Who tends to find life more meaningful according to the text? A. A person who always gets her life well-organized. B. A person who leads a fast-paced life. C. A person who often hears motivating speeches. D. A person who always expects future results. 15. What life philosophy does the author show in the last paragraph? A. No pains, no gains. B. Live your life one day at a time. C. Being on sea, sail; being on land, settle. D. Those who believe in their ability can do anything. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是日常生活中细微之美对人们生活意义感的影响，探讨如何通过体验欣赏（EA）增强生活的充实感。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Think about the first butterfly you stop to admire after a long winter or imagine the scenery at the top of a hill after a fresh hike. Sometimes existence delivers us small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating such experiences, these moments may enhance how they view their life. This element is defined as EA (experiential appreciation) by Joshua Hicks, a psychological professor at Texas A&M University.”“Think about the first butterfly you stop to admire after a long winter or imagine the scenery at the top of a hill after a fresh hike. Sometimes existence delivers us small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating such experiences, these moments may enhance how they view their life. This element is defined as EA(experiential appreciation)by Joshua Hicks, a psychological professor at Texas A & M University. (想想你在漫长的冬天后停下来欣赏的第一只蝴蝶，或者想象一下新徒步旅行后山顶的风景。有时，存在会给我们带来美丽的瞬间。当人们乐于欣赏这些经历时，这些时刻可能会增强他们对生活的看法。德克萨斯A&M大学心理学教授Joshua Hicks将这一元素定义为EA（体验欣赏）。)”可知，文章第二段提到蝴蝶和山上风景的例子是为了引入一个概念——体验性欣赏。故选C项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“At an initial test, researchers had participants rate their agreement of different coping strategies to relieve their stress. (在最初的测试中，研究人员让参与者对缓解压力的不同应对策略的一致性进行评分。)”和第四段中“Researchers then conducted a series of experiments, in which they gave participants specific tasks and, once more, asked them to report how strongly they identified with statements linked to purpose, etc. (研究人员随后进行了一系列实验，在这些实验中，他们给参与者分配了具体的任务，并再次要求他们报告他们对与目的相关的陈述的认同程度等。)”以及第四段中“After reflecting on the results collected from the participants, researchers confirmed their original theory. (研究人员随后进行了一系列实验，在这些实验中，他们给参与者分配了具体的任务，并再次要求他们报告他们对与目的相关的陈述的认同程度等。)”可知，研究者通过分析参与者的不同反应来进行研究。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In one case, participants who watched an awe-inspiring video reported having a greater sense of EA and meaning in life, compared with those watched more neutral videos. (在一个案例中，与观看更中性视频的参与者相比，观看令人敬畏的视频的参与者报告说，他们对EA和生活意义有更大的感觉。)”可知，经常听鼓舞人心的演讲的人更能找到生活的意义。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. Yet life happens in the present moment. We should slow down, let life surprise us and embrace the significance in the everyday life. (这种对未来结果的关注很容易让人错过现在正在发生的事情。然而，生活发生在当下。我们应该放慢脚步，让生活给我们惊喜，拥抱日常生活中的意义。)”可知，作者在最后一段告诉我们，应该生活在当下。故选B项。 第二节 (共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Your Path to Emotional Maturity Emotions play a critical part in life. In order to grow and be better than before, you must learn to be emotionally intelligent. Let’s explore some powerful strategies to help you become emotionally mature! Try using “I” statements Whenever you feel hurt, you need to tell others your feelings in a considerate way. The best way to do this is by using “I” statements instead of “You” statements. For example, you should use the statement: “I feel miserable and heartbroken” instead of “You make me feel miserable and heartbroken”. ____16____ Own your feelings If you want to change yourself, start with taking ownership of your feelings. However, in some situations, instead of owning your feelings, you tend to deflect (转移) them and make others feel guilty about how you are feeling. ____17____ Embrace them as a part of yourself because they are a part of you, right? ____18____ People interact with us like we are mind readers sometimes; this happens mostly in relationships. Your partner would want you to know exactly what they want and when they want it; this can be extremely annoying. Just as you aren’t a mind reader, others aren’t either. You need to share your needs with the other person, and they need to do the same with you. Mind your actions and words Often, you say a lot when you are emotional, especially when you are angry. ____19____ You need to mind whatever you say and do; this can either make the other person love or hate you. The strategy in a stressful situation is to focus on yourself instead of focusing on others; this will calm you down instantly. Always question your thoughts Actions and words have the same importance; this is what I need you to understand. In some situations, your loved ones could be hurting you through their words or their actions, and you could also be wrong. ____20____ What happens in more than 70% of situations is that you let negative thoughts take hold of you; this is completely wrong. A. Attempt to be mind readers. B. Communicate your needs. C. You’d better not let negative thoughts question your judgment. D. Thus, rather than dump them on others, learn to take charge of your feelings. E. The approach is non-aggressive and describes you as emotionally mature. F. If not controlled, it can have severe consequences, especially in your relationship. G. Let’s say that you get into a fight with your partner, and you also get hurt. 【答案】16. E 17. D 18. B 19. F 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了如何更好地管理自己的情绪，通过提高情绪智力来实现情感成熟的一些策略。 【16题详解】 上文“For example, you should use the statement: “I feel miserable and heartbroken” instead of “You make me feel miserable and heartbroken”. (例如，你应该使用这样的陈述：‘我感到痛苦和心碎’，而不是‘你让我感到痛苦和心碎’。)”举例说明如何使用I来表达情感，E项“这种方法不具攻击性，而且能说明你在情感上很成熟。”强调了例子中做法的好处和效果；选项中的“this approach”指代例子，“non-aggressive”和 “emotionally mature” 陈述了使用“I”陈述的沟通方式是一种非攻击性的方法，并且能够展示出说话者在情感上的成熟度。故选E。 【17题详解】 上文“However, in some situations, instead of owning your feelings, you tend to deflect (转移) them and make others feel guilty about how you are feeling. (然而，在某些情况下，你不是承认自己的感受，而是倾向于将它们转移，并让他人对你的感觉感到内疚。)”阐述了人们错误的做法是将感受转移到他人身上，可推断下文应该阐述正确的做法。 D项“因此，与其把它们扔给别人，不如学着控制自己的情绪。”指出了正确的做法，与上文构成因果关系；选项中的“dump them on others”呼应上文“you tend to deflect (转移) them and make others feel guilty about how you are feeling, learn to take charge of your feelings”，同时，下文中“them”指代D选项中的your feelings，并进一步强调情感属于自己一部分，和他人无关，前后呼应。故选D。 【18题详解】 空处为小标题，应该首先要和其他段落标题结构相似，运用简单的祈使句；由下文“People interact with us like we are mind readers sometimes; this happens mostly in relationships. Your partner would want you to know exactly what they want and when they want it; this can be extremely annoying. Just as you aren’t a mind reader, others aren’t either. You need to share your needs with the other person, and they need to do the same with you.(有时人们与我们的互动就像我们能读心术一样；这主要发生在人际关系中。你的伴侣希望你确切地知道他们想要什么，什么时候想要；这是非常恼人的。就像你不会读心术一样，其他人也不会。你需要与他人分享你的需求，他们也需要与你分享。)”可知，本段主要阐述要与他人沟通自己的需求，强调交流的重要性；B选项“Communicate your needs.”（沟通你的需求）能够概括本段主旨。故选B。 【19题详解】 上文“Often, you say a lot when you are emotional, especially when you are angry. (通常，当你情绪激动时，尤其是当你生气时，你会说很多话。)”说明了人情绪激动时候会不在意自己言语， F选项“If not controlled, it can have severe consequences, especially in your relationship.（如果不控制，它将有严重的后果，尤其在人际关系上）”承接上文，阐述情绪激动时，尤其是当你生气时，你会说很多话如果不控制会带来的后果。下文“You need to mind whatever you say and do.（你需要在意自己的所说所做）”告诉读者正确的做法，F项承上启下，故选F。 【20题详解】 上文“In some situations, your loved ones could be hurting you through their words or their actions, and you could also be wrong.（在某些情况下，你所爱的人可能会通过言语或行为伤害到你，而你也可能犯错。）”说明与爱的人之间通过言语和行为互相伤害的情况会发生。C选项“You’d better not let negative thoughts question your judgment.”（你最好不要让消极的想法质疑你的判断。）阐述在伤害发生的时候，不能让消极情感质疑你的判断力，承接上文，也与本段标题相呼应。同时，C项中“negative thoughts”与下文“What happens in more than 70% of situations is that you let negative thoughts take hold of you; this is completely wrong.（在超过70%的情况下，你会让消极思想占据主导地位；这是完全错误的。）”中的“negative thoughts”为同词复现；C选项承接上文，呼应下文，符合语境。故选C。 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My first guitar lesson ended in pain, confusion and defeat. But then I was completely ___21___. At 10, I felt a deep connection to this mysterious instrument. Since then, guitars have been my life. Through aching fingers, guitars ___22___ my deep emotions. With practice, the pain ___23___ and I grew closer to the instrument. The calluses (老茧) on my fingertips became badges (勋章) of honor, filling me with pride. The feelings of playing became second nature, providing temporary excellence. I couldn’t remember how many times I had been ___24___ to another reality. Picking up a guitar always returns me to that innocent 10-year-old, leaving me calmer and ___25___. The joy is ___26___ when I witness its impact on others. In my late teens, our band performed at hospitals and seniors’ homes. The smiles of the audience still remain with me. Guitars also ___27___ cultural divides. When I traveled, the ___28___ rhythms with fellow musicians awakened beautiful conversations. The guitar has ___29___ many defining moments in my life — performing for my wife, accompanying my children and comforting me in ____30____. It centers and calms me. Many years ago, I thought I was picking up a guitar for the first and only time. ____31____, it became my lifelong passion. I ____32____ it to my parents, whose encouragement and belief in my potential paved the way for a lifelong ____33____. For anyone fortunate enough, there’s an “instrument” waiting to be found — something that ____34____ them to themselves and others. It might not be a guitar, it could be a paintbrush or a sport. What matters is the sense of ____35____ it brings. 21. A. confused B. exhausted C. absorbed D. occupied 22. A. tapped into B. turned around C. ran into D. looked around 23. A. emerged B. faded C. integrated D. increased 24. A. admitted B. pushed C. exposed D. transported 25. A. cautious B. painful C. refreshed D. sole 26. A. enhanced B. upgraded C. released D. overcome 27. A. built B. melted C. recounted D. bridged 28. A. complex B. shared C. local D. similar 29. A. predicted B. remembered C. valued D. marked 30. A. hardship B. silence C. progress D. business 31. A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Eventually 32. A. pass B. distribute C. deliver D. credit 33. A. sympathy B. enthusiasm C. tension D. tone 34. A. presents B. links C. introduces D. changes 35. A. achievement B. identity C. belonging D. community 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从第一次痛苦挫败的吉他课开始，逐渐与吉他建立深厚羁绊，最终它不仅成为作者的终身热爱，更成为帮助作者连接他人、跨越文化的纽带。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但随后我便完全专注其中。A. confused困惑的；B. exhausted疲惫的；C. absorbed全神贯注的；D. occupied忙碌的。根据下文“At 10, I felt a deep connection to this mysterious instrument.”可知，10岁时，作者对吉他产生了深深的共鸣，因此是指随后便完全专注其中。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过疼痛的手指，吉他发掘着我内心深处的情感。A. tapped into发掘；B. turned around转身；C. ran into偶遇；D. looked around环顾。根据上文“Since then, guitars have been my life.”可知，从那以后，吉他就是作者的生命，因此是指它发掘着作者内心深处的情感。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着练习，疼痛逐渐消失，我离乐器越来越近了。A. emerged出现；B. faded消失；C. integrated整合；D. increased增加。根据上文“With practice”可知，随着练习增多，作者指尖的疼痛会逐渐消失。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不记得有多少次我被传送到另一个世界。A. admitted承认；B. pushed推动；C. exposed暴露；D. transported传送。根据下文“Picking up a guitar always returns me to that innocent 10-year-old”可知，拿起吉他总能让作者回到那个天真的10岁，因此是指被传送到另一个世界。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拿起吉他总能让我回到那个天真的10岁，让我更平静，精神焕发。A. cautious谨慎的；B. painful痛苦的；C. refreshed恢复精神的；D. sole唯一的。根据上文“Picking up a guitar always returns me to that innocent 10-year-old, leaving me calmer”可知，拿起吉他会让作者产生积极的感受，与更平静并列的应该是精神焕发。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看到它对他人的影响时，这种喜悦就会增强。A. enhanced增强；B. upgraded升级；C. released释放；D. overcome克服。根据下文“The smiles of the audience still remain with me.”可知，作者所在乐队的演出会让观众们微笑，这会增强喜悦。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：吉他还能弥合文化鸿沟。A. built建造；B. melted融化；C. recounted讲述；D. bridged弥合。根据下文“When I traveled, the ___8___ rhythms with fellow musicians awakened beautiful conversations.”可知，作者与其他音乐家演奏出的节奏能唤醒美好的对话，说明吉他还能弥合文化鸿沟。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我旅行时，与其他音乐家共享的节奏唤醒了美好的对话。A. complex复杂的；B. shared共享的；C. local本地的；D. similar相似的。根据下文“awakened beautiful conversations”可知，节奏唤醒的是美好的对话，说明这是来自不同文化背景的人共享的节奏。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：吉他标记着我生命中许多决定性的时刻——为我的妻子表演，给我的孩子伴奏，在困难中安慰我。A. predicted预测；B. remembered记得；C. valued重视；D. marked标记。根据下文“performing for my wife, accompanying my children and comforting me in ___10___”可知，作者生命中很多决定性的时刻都有吉他的身影，因此是指吉他标记着生命中的这些时刻。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：吉他标记着我生命中许多决定性的时刻——为我的妻子表演，给我的孩子伴奏，在困难中安慰我。A. hardship困难；B. silence沉默；C. progress进步；D. business商业。根据上文“comforting me”可知，吉他能在困难时给予作者安慰。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，它成为了我一生的热情。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Moreover此外；D. Eventually最终。根据上文“Many years ago, I thought I was picking up a guitar for the first and only time.”和下文“it became my lifelong passion”可知，“以为是第一次也是唯一一次拿起吉他”和“成为一生的热情”之间是转折的关系，因此用However“然而”衔接上下文。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把这归功于我的父母，他们对我潜力的鼓励和相信，为我一生的热情铺平了道路。A. pass通过；B. distribute分发；C. deliver交付；D. credit认为是……的功劳。根据下文“whose encouragement and belief in my potential”可知，父母鼓励并相信作者的潜力，因此作者是把这归功于父母，短语credit A to B意为“把A归功于B”。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把这归功于我的父母，他们对我潜力的鼓励和相信，为我一生的热情铺平了道路。A. sympathy同情；B. enthusiasm热情；C. tension紧张；D. tone语气。根据上文“it became my lifelong passion”可知，吉他是作者一生的热情。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于任何一个足够幸运的人来说，都有一个“工具”等待着被发现——一些将他们与自己和他人连接起来的东西。A. presents呈现；B. links连接；C. introduces介绍；D. changes改变。根据上文“The feelings of playing became second nature, providing temporary excellence.”和“The joy is ___6___ when I witness its impact on others.”可知，演奏吉他的感觉变成了作者的第二天性，吉他也让他得以影响他人，因此是指这种“工具”让人得以与自己和他人连接起来。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：重要的是它带来的归属感。A. achievement成就；B. identity身份；C. belonging归属感；D. community社区。根据上文“At 10, I felt a deep connection to this mysterious instrument.”和“it became my lifelong passion”可知，作者对吉他产生了深深的共鸣，吉他是他一生的热情，可推知这样的“工具”为人带来归属感。故选C。 第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 London’s food scene has witnessed an inrush not only of traditional Cantonese restaurants but also a diverse range of regional Chinese cuisines. For decades, London’s Chinatown has been closely associated with classic dishes ____36____ (root) in Guangdong province. While London’s Chinese food has expanded far beyond that, reflecting a much ____37____ (broad) cultural shift. While Cantonese-centric offerings have laid the foundation of familiarity with Chinese culinary (烹饪的) culture, the increasing variety makes it ____38____ big challenge for restaurants to meet local British tastes. To adapt to the trend, they manage to introduce new dishes and enhance existing ones ____39____ (continuous) for bettering the menu. Additionally, larger culinary schools commit to teaching authentic Chinese cooking, ____40____ (strengthen) greater appreciation and mastery of the cuisine. Hotpot, a typical Chinese dish, has taken center stage in London, described as an “adventure” ____41____ locals could enjoy genuine Sichuan cuisine and unfamiliar cultural experiences. Meanwhile, hearty hand-pulled noodles of Xi’an are also making waves, driven by the growing ____42____ (present) of Chinese customers and Londoners’ appetite for authentic regional flavors. Chen Xin, the chief organizer of the 2024 London Chinese Cuisine International Development Convention, ____43____ (emphasize) that London was becoming a true global center of Chinese cuisine, staying true ____44____ one single mission — providing Chinese customers with a taste of home _____45_____ showcasing the depth of Chinese culinary culture to international diners. 【答案】36. rooted 37. broader 38. a 39. continuously 40. strengthening 41. where 42. presence 43. emphasized 44. to 45. while##and 【解析】 【导语】主要说明了伦敦中餐从粤菜拓展至各地风味，适配本地口味不断创新，火锅、拉面走红，伦敦渐成全球中餐文化中心。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：数十年来，伦敦的唐人街一直与源自广东省的经典美食紧密相连。短语be rooted in表示“源于、根植于”，此处为过去分词作后置定语。 【37题详解】 考查比较级。句意：尽管伦敦的中餐种类已经大幅增加，这反映出了一种更为广泛的文化转变。根据上文much可知为比较级broader。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：虽然以粤菜为主的菜品为人们熟悉中国烹饪文化奠定了基础，但菜品种类的日益增多却给餐厅满足当地英国人的口味带来了巨大挑战。此处challenge为泛指，且big是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：为了顺应这一趋势，他们不断推出新菜品并改进现有菜品，以优化菜单内容。修饰动词enhance用副词continuously。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，规模较大的烹饪学校会致力于教授正宗的中国烹饪方法，从而增进人们对这种美食的了解和掌握程度。此处strengthen与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：火锅，一种典型的中国美食，在伦敦占据了重要地位，它被描述为一场“冒险之旅”，在这里，当地人能够品尝到正宗的川菜，并体验到全新的文化氛围。定语从句修饰先行词adventure，在从句作地点状语，故用where引导。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：与此同时，劲道的西安手工拉面也声名鹊起，这得益于越来越多中国顾客的光顾以及伦敦人对地道地方风味的喜好。作介词的宾语，用名词presence。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：2024 年伦敦中国美食国际发展大会的总组织者陈欣强调，伦敦正逐渐成为真正的全球中国美食中心，始终坚守着一个单一的使命——为中国的消费者提供家乡风味美食，同时向国际食客展示中国美食文化的深度。发生在过去用一般过去时。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：2024 年伦敦中国美食国际发展大会的总组织者陈欣强调，伦敦正逐渐成为真正的全球中国美食中心，始终坚守着一个单一的使命——为中国的消费者提供家乡风味美食，同时向国际食客展示中国美食文化的深度。短语stay true to表示“忠于、坚守”。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：2024 年伦敦中国美食国际发展大会的总组织者陈欣强调，伦敦正逐渐成为真正的全球中国美食中心，始终坚守着一个单一的使命——为中国的消费者提供家乡风味美食，同时向国际食客展示中国美食文化的深度。此处表示并列关系可用and，表示对比关系可用while。 第三部分 写作 (共四节，满分50分) 第一节 完成句子 (共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 请根据单词首字母、中文提示和上下文语义用人教版必修二U5 和必修三U1-3的单词的正确形式填空，答题卡上要写上含单词首字母的完整单词，否则不给分。 46. When he won the first prize in the competition, we offered him our c________ (祝贺) (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】congratulations##ongratulations 【解析】 【详解】句意：当他在比赛中获得一等奖时，我们向他表示祝贺。空处作offer的直接宾语， 根据汉语提示“祝贺”、首字母 c可知，常用复数名词congratulations。 47. Nowadays many online videos are produced for c________ (商业的) purposes rather than art. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】commercial##ommercial 【解析】 【详解】句意：如今，许多网络视频都是为了商业目的而制作的，而非出于艺术创作的初衷。根据中英文提示可知用形容词commercial，作定语修饰名词purposes。 48. A large p________ (百分比) of students in this school take part in after-class activities. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】percentage##ercentage 【解析】 【详解】句意：这所学校里很大百分比的学生参加课外活动。 根据汉语提示“百分比”和首字母p可知，此处应填percentage作主语，由a可知，应用单数。 49. She is c________ (有能力的) of finishing the task on time without others’ help. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】capable##apable 【解析】 【详解】句意：她有能力在没有他人帮助的情况下按时完成任务。 根据汉语提示 “有能力的”、首字母 c 以及固定搭配be capable of，意为“有能力做……”，此处应填capable。 50. Their happy m________ (婚姻) has lasted for more than twenty years. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】marriage##arriage 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们幸福的婚姻已经持续了二十多年。根据中英文提示可知用名词marriage，作主语，结合has可知为单数。 51. Many natural p________ (现象) remain mysterious to human beings. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】phenomena##henomena 【解析】 【详解】句意：许多自然现象对于人类来说仍然充满神秘色彩。根据中英文提示可知用名词phenomenon，作主语，many后跟复数形式phenomena。 52. A serious accident o________ (发生) on the highway during the rush hour yesterday. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】occurred##ccurred 【解析】 【详解】句意：昨天高峰时段，高速公路上发生了一起严重事故。 根据时间状语yesterday可知句子用一般过去时；表示“发生”且以字母 o 开头，应填occur的过去式occurred。 53. There was growing t________ (紧张气氛) between the two sides before the negotiation. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】tension## ension 【解析】 【详解】句意：谈判前夕，双方之间的紧张气氛日益加剧。根据首字母及汉语提示“紧张气氛”可知，tension表示“紧张局势、紧张气氛”，是不可数名词。 54. He has s________ (寻求; 谋求) advice from his teacher on how to improve his writing. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】sought##ought 【解析】 【详解】句意：他向老师请教了如何提高自己写作水平的方法。根据中英文提示可知用动词seek，结合has可知为现在完成时。seek的过去分词为sought。 55. The movie tells a r________ (浪漫的) story between a young painter and a musician. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】romantic##omantic 【解析】 【详解】句意：这部电影讲述了一位年轻画家和一位音乐家之间的浪漫故事。 空处作定语，结合中英文提示可知，形容词romantic“浪漫的”符合题意。 第二节 选词填空 (共15空，每空1分，满分15分) 根据短文，选出适当的单词或短语并用恰当的形式填入短文中的空格内。有两个多余项。 go through; put up; belief; grateful; In despair; energetic; get through; series of; generous; envelop; dress up; admit; whisper; Last term I faced a ____56____ difficulties and nearly gave up ____57____. My best friend noticed my trouble and tried to ____58____ to me. She was always ____59____ staying with me and encouraging me to hold the ____60____ that I could make it. I was so ____61____ for her help. She didn’t ____62____ behind my back but supported me sincerely. To show her care, she even ____63____ as a clown to cheer me up. I had to ____64____ that her kindness ____65____ me in warmth. With her ____66____ help, I finally overcame those difficulties. 【答案】56. series of 57. in despair 58. get through 59. energetic 60. belief 61. grateful 62. whisper 63. dressed up 64. admit 65. enveloped 66. generous 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述作者上学期遭遇一系列困难、几近绝望，在好友真诚陪伴与鼓励下最终克服困境的故事。 【56题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：上学期我遭遇了一系列困难，几乎绝望地放弃了。结合句意，用a series of ，为固定搭配，表示 “一系列”，符合语境。 【57题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：上学期我遭遇了一系列困难，几乎绝望地放弃了。结合句意，用in despair，为固定短语，表示 “绝望地”，作状语修饰 gave up。 【58题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：我最好的朋友注意到我的困境，尽力帮我渡过难关。结合句意，用get through 表示“渡过（难关）”，try to 后接动词原形。 【59题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她总是精力充沛地陪着我，鼓励我坚信我能成功。结合句意，用energetic 表示“精力充沛的”，作表语，符合语境。 【60题详解】 考查名词。句意：她总是精力充沛地陪着我，鼓励我坚信我能成功。结合句意，用hold the belief表示“持有信念”，belief为名词，符合搭配。 【61题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我非常感激她的帮助。结合句意，用be grateful for，为固定搭配，表示“对……感激”。 【62题详解】 考查动词。句意：她没有在我背后说悄悄话，而是真诚地支持我。didn’t 后接动词原形，结合句意，用whisper 表示“低声说；窃窃私语”，符合语境。 【63题详解】 考查动词短语与时态。句意：为了表达关心，她甚至装扮成小丑逗我开心。结合句意，用dress up as 表示“装扮成”，全文为过去时，用dressed up。 【64题详解】 考查动词。句意：我不得不承认，她的善意笼罩着我。have to 后接动词原形，结合句意，用admit 表示“承认”，符合语境。 【65题详解】 考查动词短语与时态。句意：我不得不承认，她的善意笼罩着我。此处表示“包住，笼罩”应用动词envelop，全文为过去时，用enveloped。 【66题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在她慷慨的帮助下，我最终克服了那些困难。结合句意，用generous表示“慷慨的；大方的”，修饰名词help。 第三节 书面表达 (共1题，满分25分) 67. 某英文杂志开设“一周一成语”专栏，向外国读者介绍中国成语。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，介绍成语“卧薪尝胆” (Sleep on Brushwood, Taste Gall) 。内容包括： 1. 简述成语后面的故事 2. 阐释道理 参考词汇：perseverance n. 坚韧 humiliation n. 屈辱 endure vt. 忍受 要求：字数在120词左右。 Sleep on Brushwood, Taste Gall: A Chinese Idiom of Perseverance ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Sleep on Brushwood, Taste Gall: A Chinese Idiom of Perseverance 【version1】 As the essence of Chinese culture, Chinese idioms embody rich meanings, some of which are remarkably enlightening, like stars still shedding light on our thoughts and behaviors. The idiom we are to introduce this week, 卧薪尝胆 (wò xīn cháng dǎn) , is the one with inspiring moral. The idiom originated from a true historical story in the Spring and Autumn Period: Goujian, the king of Yue, slept on brushwood every night and tasted bitter gall before meals to remind himself of his being defeated by the State of Wu. The illuminating idiom conveys a moral that when we suffer setbacks, we should endure hardships, keep determined, work hard silently, and eventually achieve our goals through perseverance. Short as the idiom is, it displays the life philosophy of our ancestors. When you are facing adversity, why not take “卧薪尝胆” as a motto to encourage yourself to keep going? 【Version2】 Chinese idioms, as the essence of our culture, carry profound meanings and offer valuable lessons that still guide us today. One particularly inspiring idiom we’d like to share this week is “卧薪尝胆 (wò xīn cháng dǎn) ”. This idiom comes from a true story during the Spring and Autumn Period. Goujian, the king of Yue, was defeated by the State of Wu. To remember his humiliation and fuel his resolve, he slept on brushwood every night and tasted bitter gall before meals. After years of hardship and determination, he finally rebuilt his strength and achieved his goal. The idiom teaches us that when faced with failure or adversity, we should endure suffering, stay strong-minded, and keep striving patiently. Only through persistent effort can we turn difficulties into success. Simple as it is, this idiom reflects the wisdom of the Chinese people. Whenever you feel discouraged by challenges, let “卧薪尝胆” remind you to keep fighting until you succeed. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英语写一篇短文投稿，介绍成语“卧薪尝胆” (Sleep on Brushwood, Taste Gall) 。 【详解】1.词汇积累 代表：embody → represent 起源于：originate from → derive from 表达：convey → express 忍受：endure → tolerate 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Short as the idiom is, it displays the life philosophy of our ancestors 拓展句：Although the idiom is short, it shows the life philosophy of our ancestors. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 As the essence of Chinese culture, Chinese idioms embody rich meanings, some of which are remarkably enlightening, like stars still shedding light on our thoughts and behaviors. (运用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】 The illuminating idiom conveys a moral that when we suffer setbacks, we should endure hardships, keep determined, work hard silently, and eventually achieve our goals through perseverance. (运用了that引导的宾语从句以及when引导的状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $