精品解析：广东省广州市增城区东江外语实验学校2024-2025学年七年级下学期5月限时训练英语试题

2024学年第二学期七年级限时训练 英语（问卷） 一、语音知识 第一节 找出划线部分的读音与其他三个不同的选项。 1. A. strict B. stretch C. strength D. sprint 2. A. splint B. splash C. scream D. splendor 3. A. transport B. form C. dolphin D. more 4. A. task B. apartment C. bath D. guard 5. A. everyday B. effort C. excellent D. elephant 第二节 根据局句意及音标填空，在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 6. The ________ /ˈdʒɜːni /from the school to the museum takes about an hour by bus. 7. Please don’t waste water—turn off the ________ /tæp/ after you wash your hands. 8. The air ________ /kənˈdɪʃənə(r)/ keeps the room cool. 9. The ________ /ˈklaɪmət/ in this area is very dry. 10. She worked hard every day and _______ /ɪˈventʃuəli/ passed the difficult exam. 二、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从11--20各题所给的A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 The students are having their chemistry class. Miss Li ____11____ the children what water is like. After that, she asks her students some questions. ____12____ them is, “Boys and girls! What is water? ____13____ you tell me?” She waits for a few minutes, but no one answers her. Then Miss Li asks again. “Why don’t ____14____ answer my question? I have told you what water is like, right? ” Then a boy puts up his hand and ____15____, “Miss Li, you tell us that water has no color and no smell. But I think water ____16____ something that is black when I wash my hands in it.” All the students begin to laugh. Miss Li laughs, too. Then ___17___ boy puts up his hand. Miss Li asks, “What do you think, Wang Bing?” The boy says, “Miss Li, where can we find water that has no color and no smell?” “Why do you say so?” Miss Li asks. “___18___ water in the river behind my house is always black and it has a bad smell,” answers the boy. And most of the children think he is right. “I am sorry ____19____ that, children,” says the teacher, “Our water is getting dirtier. That is a problem. All of us must try our best to make it ___20___ again.” 11. A. tell B. tells C. to tell D. is telling 12. A. One of B. Some of C. Many of D. None of 13. A. Can B. Do C. Have D. Does 14. A. you B. your C. yours D. / 15. A. say B. says C. saying D. to say 16. A. is B. am C. are D. be 17. A. another B. the other C. others D. the others 18. A. / B. A C. An D. The 19. A. hear B. to hear C. hears D. hearing 20. A. cleaner B. clean C. to clean D. cleaning 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21--30各题所给的A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 There was once a large bottle of fresh, clean water. Every drop of water in the bottle felt ____21____ of being so clear and pure (纯净的). Day after day, they would congratulate each other on how clean and beautiful they were. But one day, one of the drops got bored with his clean ____22____. He wanted to see what would be like to be a dirty drop. The other drops told him to ____23____ the idea, but he didn’t listen. When the drop came back all dirty, he turned all the other drops in the bottle into dirty drops, too. They ____24____ to get clean again, but couldn’t. Several months later, someone put the large bottle in a fountain (喷泉). A lot of clean water entered the large ____25____, and the drops in it finally became cleaner. Now the drops all know that if they want to be clean, then each one of them will have to stay clean. Correcting the mistake of even one single drop ____26____ a lot of hard work. To some degree, this bottle of water is just like the ____27____. If we want to live on a clean planet, each one of us will have to be a “clean drop”. Whenever someone or some country becomes a “dirty drop” and ____28____ the air or the sea, the whole earth will become a bit dirtier. It will be very ____29____, perhaps even impossible, to make “bottle of water” clean again. It’s the same for your ____30____. If you want your class to be among the best, then each of you will need to do well. Are you a “clean drop”? 21. A. tired B. full C. sick D. proud 22. A. hole B. seat C. environment D. cave 23. A. give up B. try out C. pass down D. take away 24. A. seemed B. tried C. hated D. forgot 25. A. boat B. lake C. river D. bottle 26. A. needs B. ends C. saves D. accepts 27. A. cloth B. earth C. rubber D. mefdicine 28. A. wastes B. burns C. pollutes D. glues. 29. A. difficult B. simple C. fair D. amazing 30. A. build B. hobby C. health D. study 四、阅读 第一节 阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从31--45各题所给的A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 （A） No matter who we are, where we are, or what we do, we cannot live without water. It is the source of all life and we need it every day. But in truth we’re facing serious water problems. Although water covers 71 percent of the earth’s surface, we can only use a very small amount of it. Only about 3 percent of the world’s water is fresh water. It’s in lakes, rivers and underground. Today, there are over 663 million people living without a safe water supply close to home, according to the United Nations. To remind people of the importance of water, the UN first set up World Water Day in 1993. It is held on March 22nd each year. And this year’s theme is “wastewater”. According to the UN, wastewater problems make water shortages even more serious. Most of the wastewater from our homes, cities, industry and agriculture flows directly back to nature. Instead of letting it pollute the environment, the industries need to treat it first. China takes actions to deal with water problems too. From March 22nd to 28th is the China Water Week, during which the Chinese government promotes the new policy of “river chiefs” to the public. Just as every province, city and county has a leader, every river will have a chief too. China passed the policy at the end of 2016 and carried it out nationwide in 2019. Local government heads will be river chiefs. They will be responsible for all rivers and lakes in their regions. They need to make sure that industries treat the wastewater before it goes into nature. They also need to clean up the polluted waters, like the blue algae (蓝藻) pollution in Taihu Lake, Jiangsu. 31. From the second paragraph, we know that ________. A. wastewater problems make water shortage even more serious B. fresh water can be found in lots of places like lakes, rivers and underground C. people can live without water for a long time D. there’s much water on the earth so we can use as much as we want 32. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “source”? A. 演变 B. 意义 C. 源泉 D. 材料 33. ________ is set up to remind people of the importance of water. A. World Oceans Day B. World Health Day C. World Environment Day D. World Water Day 34. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. Most of the wastewater flows directly back to nature. B. Wastewater flows directly to our homes. C. The policy “river chiefs” was carried out nationwide before 2016. D. Industries have done something to treat the wastewater before it goes into nature. （B） Think about the different ways that people use the wind. You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. Wind is one of our cleanest and plentiful power sources, as well as one of the oldest. Something shows that windmills (风车) began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC. They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power. For many centuries, people used windmills to make wheat into flour (面粉) or get water from deep underground. When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in faraway areas began to use them to produce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio. However, by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were hardly used. During the 1970s, people started becoming more concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would run out one day. Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs. Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind 35. From the first paragraph, what can we know about wind and windmills? A. Wind is the cleanest, richest and newest power source. B. Windmills were first introduced to Middle East during 1100s. C. Windmills were used in ancient Iran in the 7th Century BC. D. Armies used windmills in Europe and the Middle East. 36. What did people use windmills to do for many centuries? A. To help make flour from wheat. B. To help get water from the river. C. To help make electric lights. D. To help dig wells in faraway areas. 37. Why was wind rediscovered during the 1970s? A. Because coal and gas had been used up. B. Because it was cheaper to produce electricity. C. Because it’s cleaner than other sources. D. Because it could only be used in faraway areas. 38. What is the best title for this passenger? A. The clean and rich wind power B. Windmills were used everywhere C. The development of the wind power D. Windmills and the heavy pollution （C） Clean electricity is the power of the future, but engineers are facing a big challenge. How can we store electricity to be used at times when the wind is not blowing and the sun is not shining? In some cases, the answer will be batteries; but in other cases, it could come from a variety of different solutions—starting with gravity. Gravity is the most abundant source of power on Earth. It’s always been everywhere since the beginning of time. Nobody knew about it until around 1700, when Isaac Newton saw an apple fall from a tree in his garden. Newton asked himself the question: “Why did that apple fall to the ground?” And he soon worked out the answer. Everything will fall to the ground if it can do so, because there is a massive force that pulls things towards the center of the earth. Newton decided to call this force “gravity”, a word that then just meant “weight”. Engineers have used gravity as a source of power for centuries, long before Newton first explained it. In particular, they used gravity to move water from one place to another to irrigate (灌溉) fields and bring water to cities. They knew that water would flow downhill, but never uphill, so they built structures to use the force of gravity most effectively. In 1907, engineers in Switzerland first used gravity for a new purpose: to store energy. They pumped (用泵抽送) water up a hill, where they stored it in a lake. Then when they needed more electricity, they let the water come back down the hill, driving electric turbines (涡轮机) as it fell. The idea was just so simple, and it is now used in many parts of the world. However, the problem is that “pumped storage” hydro schemes (抽水蓄能水电方案) can’t be built just anywhere, as they need lots of water and big hills or mountains. Some experts believe that gravity systems are the cheapest way to store electricity. Gravity-stored electricity is maybe half the price of battery-stored electricity, but even so it is not cheap. In order to make gravity more effective, we would need to increase its force—and that, of course, is quite impossible. Yet gravity is not the only way of storing energy, and engineers are working on systems that store it using water pressure or compressed air... and even sand! Storage is one of the big scientific challenges of our time, as storage is the essential partner of wind power and solar power. We need clean electricity 24 hours a day, not just when the sun is shining or the wind is blowing. 39. The word “abundant” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________. A. expensive B. environmental C. famous D. plentiful 40. From the passage, we can know that ________. A. gravity systems are the cheapest way to store electricity B. “pumped storage” hydro schemes can be built on small hills C. engineers in Switzerland first stored energy by using gravity creatively D. experts have already made gravity more effective by increasing its force 41. Why does the author write this passage? A. To tell the story of finding gravity. B. To show the importance of gravity. C. To call on people to use clean electricity. D. To introduce a good way to store electricity. （D） Save the earth! April 22nd is Earth Day. Every year, all students in my city celebrate Earth Day to encourage more people to protect our planet. Origin (起源) The idea of the first Earth Day came from Gaylord Nelson. In 1970, about 60% of lakes and rivers in the US were polluted. So Nelson started Earth Day and asked Americans to take action. Twenty years after the first Earth Day, about 200 million people from 141 countries celebrated Earth Day. In 2000, about 500 million people celebrated it. You can help the planet There are still many environmental problems on the earth, like air pollution and water pollution. Go green! It means thinking and caring about the environment. There are three R’s of going green. Things you can do ●Take short showers. ●Use cloth shopping bags. ●Always pick up your rubbish. ●Don’t leave the fridge door open for too long. ●Give away clothes and things you don’t use. ● ▲ 42. What is the purpose of the students’ celebrating Earth Day? A. To learn more about the earth. B. To show how much they love the earth. C. To remember protectors of the environment. D. To encourage more people to protect the earth. 43. Why did Nelson start Earth Day? A. Because he wanted to live a green life. B. Because he wanted to get people together. C. Because the government asked him to do so. D. Because he realized that pollution was serious. 44. Which of the following can’t be put in “ ▲ ”? A. Plant more trees. B. Keep the lights on. C. Walk or ride a bike. D. Say no to plastic bags. 第二节 阅读填空 Everybody knows that protecting the environment today will prepare for a better tomorrow. Kids can also be taught to do their bit for helping the environment. Many people just have the water running when they are brushing their teeth. ____45____ Parents should also practice this as it will show that you are trying your best to make a difference too. Another thing kids can do is to take shorter showers. In the same way, kids must be taught to save water while using sinks and in the garden. Video games use a lot of energy. Encourage kids to go out to play in the fresh air or complete their homework rather than playing these video games. ____46____ Teach kids to turn off lights and fans when not in use. Many a time, kids leave the fans and lights on when they leave a room. Since kids are not yet completely told about environmental problems, they do not know the wastage of electricity. Planting trees is a great way to help the environment. ____47____ If you do not have a garden, you can have small pot plants in the balcony（阳台）of your home. Ask your kids to try to save paper. ____48____ Cutting down on the use of paper whenever possible will help to save more trees. Use recycled paper. ____49____ If kids can play a role in helping to save the Earth, it will be great and we can together make a great effort to have a cleaner and greener Earth. A. In this way, kids can save energy! B. Try to avoid using paper cups and plates whenever possible. C. Kids should be taught to turn off the tap when soaping or brushing. D. Kids must be educated about saving the environment at a young age. E. If you have a garden, teach your kids to grow plants and water them every day. 五、写作 第一节 语篇填词 Have you ever experienced an electricity blackout? Can you imagine a world without electricity? One evening last summer, a blackout happened suddenly when I prepared to have a b___50___. I was scared. I t____51____off the tap immediately and walked out to the living room. All the electrical a____52____ like the TV and the fridge stopped working. My dad tried to p___53___ the machines but they didn’t work. It was very hot that evening, so my pet dog Jerry kept barking. One of my neighbors came to my house and asked “Is there anything wrong with your dog?” I said “Oh, it’s okay, it’s just too hot.” Then he walked away. That night it was too hot for me to fall asleep. I missed the air conditioner so much. The power e____54____ started working again at 10:30 in the evening. Everyone in our house was excited, including Jerry. The blackout just lasted for three hours, but it was long enough for us to miss the life with electricity. 第二节 根据所给中文填空 55. The man buys many ________ (电池) in the shop. 56. The _______ (人口) of the world is getting larger and larger. 57. She worked hard ________ (自始至终，贯穿整个时期) the day to meet the deadline. 58. We can’t ________ (想象) a world without water and electricity. 59. The ________ (任务) is interesting, so they decided to live without electricity for a weekend. 第三节 完成句子 60. 我的爸爸曾经是一位电工，他总是记得遵守安全规则。 My dad used to be an electrician and he always _______ _______ _______the safety rules. 61. 当他到达一个新的工作场所时，他会确保所有的电源是安全的。 When he arrived at a new workplace, he would _______ _______ all the power sources was safe. 62. 他在工作中总是关注自己的安全并保护自己免受电的伤害。 He always _______ _______ his safety and protected himself from electric shock at work. 63. 在完成任何有关电的工作后，他会关掉所有电源。 After finishing any electrical work, he would _______ _______ all the power sources. 64. 用电安全对人们来说太重要了！ _______ _______ it is for people to use electricity safely! 第四节 书面表达 65. 校园里经常出现一些浪费水电和污染水资源的现象。针对这个问题， 你们学校举行了主题为“Saving Water and Electricity”的英语征文比赛。请根据以下思维导图的内容写一篇短文投稿。 注意： 1. 可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 2. 词数80左右，标题和开头已给出不计入总词数 3. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。 Save Water and Electricity Water and electricity are very valuable. However, some students in our school waste or pollute them.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024学年第二学期七年级限时训练 英语（问卷） 一、语音知识 第一节 找出划线部分的读音与其他三个不同的选项。 1. A. strict B. stretch C. strength D. sprint 2. A. splint B. splash C. scream D. splendor 3. A. transport B. form C. dolphin D. more 4. A. task B. apartment C. bath D. guard 5. A. everyday B. effort C. excellent D. elephant 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. C 【解析】 【1题详解】 sprint划线部分发音为/spr/，其他划线部分发音为/str/。 【2题详解】 scream划线部分发音为/skr/，其他划线部分发音为/spl/。 【3题详解】 dolphin划线部分发音为/ɑː/，其他划线部分发音均为/ɔː/。 【4题详解】 apartment划线部分发音为/ə‌/，其他划线部分发音均为/ɑː/。 【5题详解】 excellent划线部分发音为/ə‌/，其他划线部分发音均为/e/。 第二节 根据局句意及音标填空，在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 6. The ________ /ˈdʒɜːni /from the school to the museum takes about an hour by bus. 【答案】journey 【解析】 【详解】句意：从学校到博物馆的旅程坐公交车大约需要一小时。根据音标提示可知，空处填名词journey“旅程；行程”，在句中作主语。 7. Please don’t waste water—turn off the ________ /tæp/ after you wash your hands. 【答案】tap 【解析】 【详解】句意：请不要浪费水——洗完手后关上水龙头。根据音标/tæp/以及语境“Please don’t waste water—turn off...”可知，这里说的是洗手后关掉“水龙头”，tap意为“水龙头”，符合题意。 8. The air ________ /kənˈdɪʃənə(r)/ keeps the room cool. 【答案】conditioner 【解析】 【详解】句意：空调使房间保持凉爽。根据音标 /kənˈdɪʃənə(r)/，可直接判断出单词为conditioner，它与句中已有的“The air”构成固定搭配air conditioner（空调），符合句子语境。 9. The ________ /ˈklaɪmət/ in this area is very dry. 【答案】climate 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个地区的气候非常干燥。根据音标 /ˈklaɪmət/，可判断出单词为climate，意为“气候”，符合句子语境。 10. She worked hard every day and _______ /ɪˈventʃuəli/ passed the difficult exam. 【答案】eventually 【解析】 【详解】句意：她每天努力学习，最终通过了那次艰难的考试。根据音标/ɪˈventʃuəli/可知，对应的单词为eventually，意为“最终”。故填eventually。 二、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从11--20各题所给的A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 The students are having their chemistry class. Miss Li ____11____ the children what water is like. After that, she asks her students some questions. ____12____ them is, “Boys and girls! What is water? ____13____ you tell me?” She waits for a few minutes, but no one answers her. Then Miss Li asks again. “Why don’t ____14____ answer my question? I have told you what water is like, right? ” Then a boy puts up his hand and ____15____, “Miss Li, you tell us that water has no color and no smell. But I think water ____16____ something that is black when I wash my hands in it.” All the students begin to laugh. Miss Li laughs, too. Then ___17___ boy puts up his hand. Miss Li asks, “What do you think, Wang Bing?” The boy says, “Miss Li, where can we find water that has no color and no smell?” “Why do you say so?” Miss Li asks. “___18___ water in the river behind my house is always black and it has a bad smell,” answers the boy. And most of the children think he is right. “I am sorry ____19____ that, children,” says the teacher, “Our water is getting dirtier. That is a problem. All of us must try our best to make it ___20___ again.” 11. A. tell B. tells C. to tell D. is telling 12. A. One of B. Some of C. Many of D. None of 13. A. Can B. Do C. Have D. Does 14. A. you B. your C. yours D. / 15. A. say B. says C. saying D. to say 16. A. is B. am C. are D. be 17. A. another B. the other C. others D. the others 18. A. / B. A C. An D. The 19. A. hear B. to hear C. hears D. hearing 20. A. cleaner B. clean C. to clean D. cleaning 【答案】11. D 12. A 13. A 14. A 15. B 16. A 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了李老师在化学课上提问“水是什么样的”，学生们因当地河水被污染变黑而给出不同回答，李老师借此引导大家要努力让水变回干净的故事。 【11题详解】 句意：李老师正在告诉孩子们水是什么样的。 根据前句“The students are having their chemistry class.”，可知此处应用现在进行时，表示正在进行的动作。 【12题详解】 句意：其中一个问题是：“孩子们！水是什么？” “one of+复数名词”表示“……中的一个”，这里指众多问题中的一个。 【13题详解】 句意：你们能告诉我吗？ 此处表示请求或询问对方是否有能力回答，应用“can”。 【14题详解】 句意：你们为什么不回答我的问题？ “why don't you+动词原形”是固定句型，意为“你为什么不……”，此处“you”指代学生们。 【15题详解】 句意：然后一个男孩举起手说。 and连接两个并列的谓语动词，“puts”是第三人称单数形式，所以此处“say”也要用第三人称单数“says”。 【16题详解】 句意：但我认为当我在里面洗手时，水是黑色的东西。 主语“water”是不可数名词，be动词用“is”。 【17题详解】 句意：然后另一个男孩举起手。 “another”表示“（三者或三者以上中的）另一个”，这里指除了之前举手的男孩之外，又有一个男孩举手。 【18题详解】 句意：我家后面河里的水总是黑色的，而且有难闻的气味。 此处特指“我家后面河里的水”，应用定冠词“the”。 【19题详解】 句意：听到这个我很抱歉，孩子们。 “be sorry to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“很抱歉做某事”。因此，应用不定式。 【20题详解】 句意：我们所有人都必须尽最大努力让它再次变干净。 “make+宾语+形容词”是固定结构，此处“clean”是形容词，意为“干净的”，符合语境。 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21--30各题所给的A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 There was once a large bottle of fresh, clean water. Every drop of water in the bottle felt ____21____ of being so clear and pure (纯净的). Day after day, they would congratulate each other on how clean and beautiful they were. But one day, one of the drops got bored with his clean ____22____. He wanted to see what would be like to be a dirty drop. The other drops told him to ____23____ the idea, but he didn’t listen. When the drop came back all dirty, he turned all the other drops in the bottle into dirty drops, too. They ____24____ to get clean again, but couldn’t. Several months later, someone put the large bottle in a fountain (喷泉). A lot of clean water entered the large ____25____, and the drops in it finally became cleaner. Now the drops all know that if they want to be clean, then each one of them will have to stay clean. Correcting the mistake of even one single drop ____26____ a lot of hard work. To some degree, this bottle of water is just like the ____27____. If we want to live on a clean planet, each one of us will have to be a “clean drop”. Whenever someone or some country becomes a “dirty drop” and ____28____ the air or the sea, the whole earth will become a bit dirtier. It will be very ____29____, perhaps even impossible, to make “bottle of water” clean again. It’s the same for your ____30____. If you want your class to be among the best, then each of you will need to do well. Are you a “clean drop”? 21. A. tired B. full C. sick D. proud 22. A. hole B. seat C. environment D. cave 23. A. give up B. try out C. pass down D. take away 24. A. seemed B. tried C. hated D. forgot 25. A. boat B. lake C. river D. bottle 26. A. needs B. ends C. saves D. accepts 27. A. cloth B. earth C. rubber D. mefdicine 28. A. wastes B. burns C. pollutes D. glues. 29. A. difficult B. simple C. fair D. amazing 30. A. build B. hobby C. health D. study 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一滴水的故事，通过一滴水的变化，作者想要告诉我们的是，如果我们想要生活在一个干净的星球上，我们每个人都必须是一个“干净的水滴”。无论是个人的学习，还是地球的环境，都需要我们每个人的共同努力。 【21题详解】 句意：瓶子里的每一滴水都为自己如此清澈纯净而感到自豪。 tired疲倦的；full满的；sick生病的；proud自豪的。根据“being so clear and pure”可知，为自己清澈纯净而感到自豪。故选D。 【22题详解】 句意：但有一天，其中一滴水对他所处的干净环境感到厌烦。 hole洞；seat座位；environment环境；cave洞穴。根据“he turned all the other drops in the bottle into dirty drops, too”可知，此处指的是干净的环境。故选C。 【23题详解】 句意：其他水滴让他放弃这个想法，但他不听。 give up放弃；try out试验；pass down传下去；take away拿走。根据“He wanted to see what would be like to be a dirty drop”及“but he didn’t listen”可知，其他水滴让他放弃这个想法。故选A。 【24题详解】 句意：他们试图再次变干净，但没能成功。 seemed似乎；tried尝试；hated讨厌；forgot忘记。根据“but couldn’t”可知，此处指的是尝试再次变干净。故选B。 【25题详解】 句意：许多干净的水进入了大瓶子，瓶子里的水终于变得更干净了。 boat船；lake湖；river河；bottle瓶子。根据“someone put the large bottle in a fountain”可知，此处指的是许多干净的水进入了大瓶子。故选D。 【26题详解】 句意：纠正哪怕是一滴水的错误也需要大量的努力。 needs需要；ends结束；saves拯救；accepts接受。根据“Correcting the mistake of even one single drop”可知，纠正一滴水的错误需要付出大量的努力。故选A。 【27题详解】 句意：在某种程度上，这瓶水就像地球。 cloth布；earth地球；rubber橡胶；medicine药。根据“If we want to live on a clean planet”可知，此处指的是这瓶水就像地球。故选B。 【28题详解】 句意：每当有人或某个国家成为“脏水滴”并污染空气或海洋时，整个地球都会变得更脏一点。 wastes浪费；burns燃烧；pollutes污染；glues粘贴。根据“the whole earth will become a bit dirtier”可知，此处指的是污染空气或海洋。故选C。 【29题详解】 句意：要使“水瓶”再次变干净将非常困难，甚至是不可能的。 difficult困难的；simple简单的；fair公平的；amazing令人惊奇的。根据“perhaps even impossible”可知，此处指的是非常困难。故选A。 【30题详解】 句意：这对你的学习也是一样的。 build建造；hobby爱好；health健康；study学习。根据“If you want your class to be among the best, then each of you will need to do well”可知，此处指的是学习。故选D。 四、阅读 第一节 阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从31--45各题所给的A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 （A） No matter who we are, where we are, or what we do, we cannot live without water. It is the source of all life and we need it every day. But in truth we’re facing serious water problems. Although water covers 71 percent of the earth’s surface, we can only use a very small amount of it. Only about 3 percent of the world’s water is fresh water. It’s in lakes, rivers and underground. Today, there are over 663 million people living without a safe water supply close to home, according to the United Nations. To remind people of the importance of water, the UN first set up World Water Day in 1993. It is held on March 22nd each year. And this year’s theme is “wastewater”. According to the UN, wastewater problems make water shortages even more serious. Most of the wastewater from our homes, cities, industry and agriculture flows directly back to nature. Instead of letting it pollute the environment, the industries need to treat it first. China takes actions to deal with water problems too. From March 22nd to 28th is the China Water Week, during which the Chinese government promotes the new policy of “river chiefs” to the public. Just as every province, city and county has a leader, every river will have a chief too. China passed the policy at the end of 2016 and carried it out nationwide in 2019. Local government heads will be river chiefs. They will be responsible for all rivers and lakes in their regions. They need to make sure that industries treat the wastewater before it goes into nature. They also need to clean up the polluted waters, like the blue algae (蓝藻) pollution in Taihu Lake, Jiangsu. 31. From the second paragraph, we know that ________. A. wastewater problems make water shortage even more serious B. fresh water can be found in lots of places like lakes, rivers and underground C. people can live without water for a long time D. there’s much water on the earth so we can use as much as we want 32. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “source”? A. 演变 B. 意义 C. 源泉 D. 材料 33. ________ is set up to remind people of the importance of water. A. World Oceans Day B. World Health Day C. World Environment Day D. World Water Day 34. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. Most of the wastewater flows directly back to nature. B. Wastewater flows directly to our homes. C. The policy “river chiefs” was carried out nationwide before 2016. D. Industries have done something to treat the wastewater before it goes into nature. 【答案】31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了全球面临的水资源短缺问题、世界水日的设立以及中国为治理水污染推行的“河长制”政策。 【31题详解】 根据文章第二段“Only about 3 percent of the world’s water is fresh water. It’s in lakes, rivers and underground.”可知，虽然淡水很少，但它确实存在于湖泊、河流和地下这些地方。 【32题详解】 根据第一段“No matter who we are... we cannot live without water. It is the source of all life...”可知，没有水我们无法生存，水是生命的起源。因此“source”意为“源泉、源头”。 【33题详解】 根据文章第三段“To remind people of the importance of water, the UN first set up World Water Day in 1993.”可知，设立世界水日是为了提醒人们水的重要性。 【34题详解】 根据文章第四段“Most of the wastewater from our homes, cities, industry and agriculture flows directly back to nature.”可知，自家庭、城市、工业和农业的大部分废水直接流回大自然。 （B） Think about the different ways that people use the wind. You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. Wind is one of our cleanest and plentiful power sources, as well as one of the oldest. Something shows that windmills (风车) began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC. They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power. For many centuries, people used windmills to make wheat into flour (面粉) or get water from deep underground. When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in faraway areas began to use them to produce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio. However, by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were hardly used. During the 1970s, people started becoming more concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would run out one day. Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs. Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind 35. From the first paragraph, what can we know about wind and windmills? A. Wind is the cleanest, richest and newest power source. B. Windmills were first introduced to Middle East during 1100s. C. Windmills were used in ancient Iran in the 7th Century BC. D. Armies used windmills in Europe and the Middle East. 36. What did people use windmills to do for many centuries? A. To help make flour from wheat. B. To help get water from the river. C. To help make electric lights. D. To help dig wells in faraway areas. 37. Why was wind rediscovered during the 1970s? A. Because coal and gas had been used up. B. Because it was cheaper to produce electricity. C. Because it’s cleaner than other sources. D. Because it could only be used in faraway areas. 38. What is the best title for this passenger? A. The clean and rich wind power B. Windmills were used everywhere C. The development of the wind power D. Windmills and the heavy pollution 【答案】35. C 36. A 37. C 38. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人类利用风能的历史、风车的用途演变以及现代重新重视风能的原因。 【35题详解】 根据第一段“Something shows that windmills (风车) began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC.”可知，风车在公元前7世纪的古伊朗被使用。 【36题详解】 根据第二段“For many centuries, people used windmills to make wheat into flour (面粉) or get water from deep underground.”可知，人们用风车把小麦制成面粉。 【37题详解】 根据第三段“During the 1970s, people started becoming more cared about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity... Then, wind was rediscovered...”可知，风能比煤和天然气更清洁，因此被重新发现。 【38题详解】 文章从古代风车的起源讲起，到后来用于磨面、抽水，再到发电，最后讲现代对风能的重新利用，主要讲述了风能（及风车）的发展历程。 （C） Clean electricity is the power of the future, but engineers are facing a big challenge. How can we store electricity to be used at times when the wind is not blowing and the sun is not shining? In some cases, the answer will be batteries; but in other cases, it could come from a variety of different solutions—starting with gravity. Gravity is the most abundant source of power on Earth. It’s always been everywhere since the beginning of time. Nobody knew about it until around 1700, when Isaac Newton saw an apple fall from a tree in his garden. Newton asked himself the question: “Why did that apple fall to the ground?” And he soon worked out the answer. Everything will fall to the ground if it can do so, because there is a massive force that pulls things towards the center of the earth. Newton decided to call this force “gravity”, a word that then just meant “weight”. Engineers have used gravity as a source of power for centuries, long before Newton first explained it. In particular, they used gravity to move water from one place to another to irrigate (灌溉) fields and bring water to cities. They knew that water would flow downhill, but never uphill, so they built structures to use the force of gravity most effectively. In 1907, engineers in Switzerland first used gravity for a new purpose: to store energy. They pumped (用泵抽送) water up a hill, where they stored it in a lake. Then when they needed more electricity, they let the water come back down the hill, driving electric turbines (涡轮机) as it fell. The idea was just so simple, and it is now used in many parts of the world. However, the problem is that “pumped storage” hydro schemes (抽水蓄能水电方案) can’t be built just anywhere, as they need lots of water and big hills or mountains. Some experts believe that gravity systems are the cheapest way to store electricity. Gravity-stored electricity is maybe half the price of battery-stored electricity, but even so it is not cheap. In order to make gravity more effective, we would need to increase its force—and that, of course, is quite impossible. Yet gravity is not the only way of storing energy, and engineers are working on systems that store it using water pressure or compressed air... and even sand! Storage is one of the big scientific challenges of our time, as storage is the essential partner of wind power and solar power. We need clean electricity 24 hours a day, not just when the sun is shining or the wind is blowing. 39. The word “abundant” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________. A. expensive B. environmental C. famous D. plentiful 40. From the passage, we can know that ________. A. gravity systems are the cheapest way to store electricity B. “pumped storage” hydro schemes can be built on small hills C. engineers in Switzerland first stored energy by using gravity creatively D. experts have already made gravity more effective by increasing its force 41. Why does the author write this passage? A. To tell the story of finding gravity. B. To show the importance of gravity. C. To call on people to use clean electricity. D. To introduce a good way to store electricity. 【答案】39. D 40. C 41. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了重力是一种潜在的储存电力的方式，工程师们正在研究使用重力、水压、压缩空气等方式来储存电力，以应对风能和太阳能不稳定的问题。储能是清洁电力发展的关键挑战之一。 【39题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“It’s always been everywhere since the beginning of time.”可知，重力自古以来，它就无处不在，可推测abundant的意思是 “丰富的”，故选D。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据“In 1907, engineers in Switzerland first used gravity for a new purpose: to store energy. They pumped (用泵抽送) water up a hill, where they stored it in a lake. ”可知，1907年，瑞士的工程师首次将重力用于一个新的目的——储存能量，故选C。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了重力是一种潜在的储存电力的方式，工程师们正在研究使用重力、水压、压缩空气等方式来储存电力，以应对风能和太阳能不稳定的问题。故选D。 （D） Save the earth! April 22nd is Earth Day. Every year, all students in my city celebrate Earth Day to encourage more people to protect our planet. Origin (起源) The idea of the first Earth Day came from Gaylord Nelson. In 1970, about 60% of lakes and rivers in the US were polluted. So Nelson started Earth Day and asked Americans to take action. Twenty years after the first Earth Day, about 200 million people from 141 countries celebrated Earth Day. In 2000, about 500 million people celebrated it. You can help the planet There are still many environmental problems on the earth, like air pollution and water pollution. Go green! It means thinking and caring about the environment. There are three R’s of going green. Things you can do ●Take short showers. ●Use cloth shopping bags. ●Always pick up your rubbish. ●Don’t leave the fridge door open for too long. ●Give away clothes and things you don’t use. ● ▲ 42. What is the purpose of the students’ celebrating Earth Day? A. To learn more about the earth. B. To show how much they love the earth. C. To remember protectors of the environment. D. To encourage more people to protect the earth. 43. Why did Nelson start Earth Day? A. Because he wanted to live a green life. B. Because he wanted to get people together. C. Because the government asked him to do so. D. Because he realized that pollution was serious. 44. Which of the following can’t be put in “ ▲ ”? A. Plant more trees. B. Keep the lights on. C. Walk or ride a bike. D. Say no to plastic bags. 【答案】42. D 43. D 44. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了地球日的起源及其重要性，并呼吁人们通过日常行为来保护地球。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Every year, all students in my city celebrate Earth Day to encourage more people to protect our planet.”可知，学生们庆祝地球日的目的是鼓励更多人保护地球。故选D。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In 1970, about 60% of lakes and rivers in the US were polluted. So Nelson started Earth Day and asked Americans to take action”可知，Nelson发起地球日是因为他意识到污染问题严重。故选D。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章列出的保护地球的行为（如节约用水、使用环保袋、减少垃圾等）可知，选项B“Keep the lights on”（保持灯亮）与环保理念相悖，不符合“保护地球”的主题。故选B。 第二节 阅读填空 Everybody knows that protecting the environment today will prepare for a better tomorrow. Kids can also be taught to do their bit for helping the environment. Many people just have the water running when they are brushing their teeth. ____45____ Parents should also practice this as it will show that you are trying your best to make a difference too. Another thing kids can do is to take shorter showers. In the same way, kids must be taught to save water while using sinks and in the garden. Video games use a lot of energy. Encourage kids to go out to play in the fresh air or complete their homework rather than playing these video games. ____46____ Teach kids to turn off lights and fans when not in use. Many a time, kids leave the fans and lights on when they leave a room. Since kids are not yet completely told about environmental problems, they do not know the wastage of electricity. Planting trees is a great way to help the environment. ____47____ If you do not have a garden, you can have small pot plants in the balcony（阳台）of your home. Ask your kids to try to save paper. ____48____ Cutting down on the use of paper whenever possible will help to save more trees. Use recycled paper. ____49____ If kids can play a role in helping to save the Earth, it will be great and we can together make a great effort to have a cleaner and greener Earth. A. In this way, kids can save energy! B. Try to avoid using paper cups and plates whenever possible. C. Kids should be taught to turn off the tap when soaping or brushing. D. Kids must be educated about saving the environment at a young age. E. If you have a garden, teach your kids to grow plants and water them every day. 【答案】45. C 46. A 47. E 48. B 49. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述的是小孩子怎样在保护环境中发挥作用，即他们在节水、节电、种树、节约纸张和接受环保教育方面都可以做出贡献。 【45题详解】 根据前句“Many people just have the water running when they are brushing their teeth.”可知，许多人只是在刷牙的时候开着水龙头。可见，说的是用水。选项C“应该教孩子们在用肥皂或刷牙时关掉水龙头。”符合语境，故选C。 【46题详解】 根据前句“Video games use a lot of energy.”可知，电子游戏消耗大量能量。可见，说的是节约能源。选项A“这样，孩子们可以节约能源！”符合语境。故选A。 【47题详解】 根据后句“If you do not have a garden, you can have small pot plants in the balcony（阳台）of your home.”可知，如果你没有花园，你可以在你家的阳台上种一些小盆栽植物。可见，说的是花园。选项E“如果你有一个花园，教你的孩子种植植物，每天浇水。”符合语境。故选E。 【48题详解】 根据前句“Ask your kids to try to save paper.”可知，让你的孩子尽量节省纸张。可见，说的是节约用纸。选项B“尽可能避免使用纸杯和盘子。”符合语境。故选B。 【49题详解】 根据后句“If kids can play a role in helping to save the Earth, it will be great and we can together make a great effort to have a cleaner and greener Earth.”可知，如果孩子们能在帮助拯救地球方面发挥作用，那将是伟大的，我们可以一起为拥有一个更清洁、更绿色的地球做出巨大努力。可见，说的是教育孩子保护环境。选项D“孩子们必须从小就接受保护环境的教育。”符合语境。故选D。 五、写作 第一节 语篇填词 Have you ever experienced an electricity blackout? Can you imagine a world without electricity? One evening last summer, a blackout happened suddenly when I prepared to have a b___50___. I was scared. I t____51____off the tap immediately and walked out to the living room. All the electrical a____52____ like the TV and the fridge stopped working. My dad tried to p___53___ the machines but they didn’t work. It was very hot that evening, so my pet dog Jerry kept barking. One of my neighbors came to my house and asked “Is there anything wrong with your dog?” I said “Oh, it’s okay, it’s just too hot.” Then he walked away. That night it was too hot for me to fall asleep. I missed the air conditioner so much. The power e____54____ started working again at 10:30 in the evening. Everyone in our house was excited, including Jerry. The blackout just lasted for three hours, but it was long enough for us to miss the life with electricity. 【答案】50. bath##ath 51. turned##urned 52. appliances##ppliances 53. power##ower 54. eventually##ventually 【解析】 【导语】本文通过作者回忆去年夏天家中突然停电的经历，描述了停电给生活带来的不便（如无法洗澡、电器停用、天气炎热等），以及电力恢复后的喜悦心情，侧面反映了电力在现代生活中的重要性。 【50题详解】 句意：去年夏天的一个晚上，当我准备洗澡时，突然发生了一次停电。根据前文提到的“electricity blackout”和“prepared to have a...”，结合首字母b，推测作者原本打算洗澡。固定搭配“have a bath”意为“洗澡”。 【51题详解】 句意：我立刻关掉了水龙头，然后走到了客厅。根据语境，作者正在洗澡（或准备洗澡），突然停电受到惊吓，于是停止了用水。动词短语turn off意为“关掉（水龙头、开关等）”。由于故事发生在过去，时态应为一般过去时，故用turned。 【52题详解】 句意：所有的电器设备，像电视和冰箱，都停止工作了。句中列举了“TV”和“fridge”，这些都是家用电器。结合首字母a，此处指代“electrical appliances”。因为前面有All修饰，且谓语动词是stopped，故名词应用复数形式。 【53题详解】 句意：我爸爸试图给机器供电（或开启电源），但它们都不工作。根据语境，停电后父亲尝试让机器恢复工作。结合首字母“p”，故此处power用作动词，意为“驱动、提供动力、供电”，句型try to do sth.后接动词原形。 【54题详解】 句意：电力供应最终在晚上10:30恢复了工作。根据语境，经过漫长的等待（前文提到那晚太热睡不着），电力终于恢复了。结合首字母“e”和，此处需要一个副词修饰动词短语“started working”，eventually表示“最终、终于”，符合语境。 第二节 根据所给中文填空 55. The man buys many ________ (电池) in the shop. 【答案】batteries 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个男人在商店里买了许多电池。根据汉语提示可知，“电池”的英文是“battery”，“many”后接可数名词复数，“battery”的复数形式是“batteries”。故填batteries。 56. The _______ (人口) of the world is getting larger and larger. 【答案】population 【解析】 【详解】句意：世界人口正变得越来越多。根据中文提示“人口”，且定冠词The后需接名词，应填population，population of the world表示“世界人口”，符合语境。 57. She worked hard ________ (自始至终，贯穿整个时期) the day to meet the deadline. 【答案】throughout 【解析】 【详解】句意：为了赶上截止日期，她一整天都在努力工作。根据中文提示“自始至终，贯穿整个时期”，此处应填介词throughout，throughout the day表示“一整天，自始至终”，符合语境。 58. We can’t ________ (想象) a world without water and electricity. 【答案】imagine 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们无法想象一个没有水和电的世界。括号内“想象”提示语义，此处需一个动词，情态动词“can’t”后需用动词原形。 59. The ________ (任务) is interesting, so they decided to live without electricity for a weekend. 【答案】task 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个任务很有趣，所以他们决定过一周没有电的生活。“任务”对应的英文单词是“task”；根据谓语动词“is”可知，主语应为单数形式。 第三节 完成句子 60. 我的爸爸曾经是一位电工，他总是记得遵守安全规则。 My dad used to be an electrician and he always _______ _______ _______the safety rules. 【答案】 ①. remembered ②. to ③. follow 【解析】 【详解】原句中“记得遵守”是关键词，表示“记得做某事”的短语是“remember to do sth.”，“遵守（规则）”用“follow”。根据前半句“used to be”（曾经是）可知，句子描述的是过去的情况，应用一般过去时，所以“remember”要变为过去式“remembered”。故填remembered；to；follow。 61. 当他到达一个新的工作场所时，他会确保所有的电源是安全的。 When he arrived at a new workplace, he would _______ _______ all the power sources was safe. 【答案】 ①. make ②. sure 【解析】 【详解】原句中“确保”是关键词，表示“确保”的短语是“make sure”。本句为过去将来时，“would”后接动词原形。故填make；sure。 62. 他在工作中总是关注自己的安全并保护自己免受电的伤害。 He always _______ _______ his safety and protected himself from electric shock at work. 【答案】 ①. cared ②. about 【解析】 【详解】原句中“关注”是关键词，表示“关注”的短语是“care about”。本句由“and”连接两个并列的谓语动词，后一个谓语动词“protected”为过去式，因此“care”也需用过去式“cared”。故填cared；about。 63. 在完成任何有关电的工作后，他会关掉所有电源。 After finishing any electrical work, he would _______ _______ all the power sources. 【答案】 ①. turn ②. off 【解析】 【详解】原句中的“关掉”是关键词，对应的短语是turn off，would后接动词原形，所以用动词原形turn off。 64. 用电安全对人们来说太重要了！ _______ _______ it is for people to use electricity safely! 【答案】 ①. How ②. important 【解析】 【详解】原句中“太重要了”是关键词，表示感叹。感叹句结构为“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”。本句强调“重要”，英文单词为important。故填How；important。 第四节 书面表达 65. 校园里经常出现一些浪费水电和污染水资源的现象。针对这个问题， 你们学校举行了主题为“Saving Water and Electricity”的英语征文比赛。请根据以下思维导图的内容写一篇短文投稿。 注意： 1. 可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 2. 词数80左右，标题和开头已给出不计入总词数 3. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。 Save Water and Electricity Water and electricity are very valuable. However, some students in our school waste or pollute them.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文： Save Water and Electricity Water and electricity are very valuable. However, some students in our school waste or pollute them. Some students keep the water running when brushing teeth, some put dirty water into rivers, and some often forget to turn off lights when leaving the classrooms. Here are ways to save water and electricity. We should turn off the taps if we don’t use them. We mustn’t put dirty water into rivers. We should switch off lights when we leave the room. More importantly, we should hold some activities to encourage students to lead a green life. Let’s all join in and work together to save water and electricity. 【解析】 【详解】[第一步：审题立意] 文体：说明文 时态：以一般现在时为主 人称：第一 、 第三人称结合 写作要点：①校园里的水电浪费与污染问题；②解决问题的方法 ；③对解决方案的看法与呼吁 。 注意事项：词数80左右；标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数；不透露个人信息 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：沿用题干给定开头，点明校园里的水电浪费与污染问题； 主体段：介绍解决水电问题的具体方法与活动； 结尾段：表达对解决方案的看法，发出呼吁。 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：校园里的水电问题 浪费现象：keep the water running when brushing teeth/washing hands；forget to turn off lights/fans when leaving classrooms；leave taps dripping；leave air conditioners on overnight等 污染现象：pour dirty water into the river/sink；throw trash into the water；waste clean water carelessly等 要点二：解决问题的方法 / 活动 日常做法：turn off taps when not using water；switch off lights/electrical appliances when leaving rooms；reuse water；stop pouring dirty water into rivers等 校园活动：hold speeches about saving water and electricity；post posters to remind students；start a “Green Week” activity；set up a supervision group to check等 要点三：对解决方案的看法 表达观点：These small actions can make a big difference.；Everyone’s effort counts.；Saving water and electricity is our duty.；If we work together, we can protect our resources better.等 发出呼吁：Let’s join hands to save water and electricity.；Let’s take action from now on.等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $