Unit 5 Animal friends 单元重点单词、短语、句型、语法知识梳理与专项巩固- 2025-2026学年译林版七年级下册英语

**基本信息** 以单元主题为核心，系统梳理词汇、语法知识，通过分层训练实现语言能力与思维品质的协同提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇自测|单词35+转换9+短语15|按词性分类记忆，词性转换规则归纳|从核心词汇到派生拓展，构建词汇网络| |语法回顾|3个考点|核心用法+句型结构+典型例句+辨析技巧|从形容词功能到情态动词差异，再到易混词辨析，层层递进| |习题巩固|单选25+填空20+阅读填空20+完成句子15|语境应用法，语法规则迁移|以题载知，覆盖词汇应用、语法实践、语篇理解，实现知识向能力转化|

译林版（2024）七年级下册Unit 5 Animal friends 单元核心知识梳理与专项巩固 单元重点词汇、短语自测 一、重点单词默写 词句语法全覆盖，单元复习稳提升 【名词】 1. _______________ (n.) 蝙蝠 2. _______________ (n.) 蝴蝶 3. _______________ (n.) 蚂蚁 4. _______________ (n.) 翅膀，翼 5. _______________ (n.) 昆虫 6. _______________ (n.) 重量 7. _______________ (n.) 孔，洞 8. _______________ (n.) 工蜂；工人 9. _______________ (n.) 蜂蜜 10. _______________ (n.) 枝条 11. _______________ (n.) 打架 12. _______________ (n.) 声音 13. _______________ (n.) 角落，墙角；街角 14. _______________ (n.) 金鱼 15. _______________ (n.) 长颈鹿 16. _______________ (n.) 颈，脖子 17. _______________ (n.) 蛇 18. _______________ (n.) 人 【动词】 1. _______________ (vt.) 尝，品尝；吃，喝 2. _______________ (vt.) 举起 3. _______________ (vt. & vi.) 忘记，遗忘 4. _______________ (vt.) 使可能；允许 5. _______________ (vt.) 鼓舞；欢呼 6. _______________ (vt.) 拯救，救助 7. _______________ (vt.) 命名 8. _______________ (vt.) 喂养；为…提供食物 【形容词/副词】 1. _______________ (adj.) 醒着的 2. _______________ (adj.) 孤独的 3. _______________ (adj.) 担心，害怕，恐惧 4. _______________ (adv.) 安全地 5. _______________ (adj.) 辛勤的 6. _______________ (adj.) 有用的 7. _______________ (adj.) 正确的 8. _______________ (adj.) 圆形的 9. _______________ (adj.) 大声的 10. _______________ (adj.) 沮丧，情绪低落 11. _______________ (adv.) 到处，向各处 【兼类词】 1. _______________ (adv. & adj.) 独自；单独 2. _______________ (n. & vt.) 触摸，碰 二、单词词性转换 1. safe (adj.) 安全的 → _______________ (adv.) 安全地 2. use (v.) 使用 → _______________ (adj.) 有用的 3. correct (adj.) 正确的 → _______________ (adv.) 正确地 4. loud (adj.) 大声的 → _______________ (adv.) 大声地 5. work (v.) 工作 → _______________ (n.) 工人 6. fight (v./n.) 打架 → _______________ (n.) 战士 7. feed (v.) 喂养 → _______________ (n.) 饲养员 8. forget (v.) 忘记 → _______________ (adj.) 健忘的 9. noise (n.) 噪音 → _______________ (adj.) 吵闹的 三、重点短语默写 1. _______________ 达到（某数量、程度等），至多有 2. _______________ 照料 3. _______________ (使)变得高兴，振奋起来 4. _______________ 照料 5. _______________ 为…而战 6. _______________ 与…打架 7. _______________ 忘记要做某事 8. _______________ 忘记做过某事 9. _______________ 感到孤独 10. _______________ 和…玩耍 11. _______________ 带……出去散步 12. _______________ 对…温柔/友善 13. _______________ 做某事有困难 14. _______________ 挽救某人的生命 15. _______________ 对…有益/有好处 单元重点语法、句型回顾 考点1：形容词的基本用法 - 核心用法：形容词用来修饰名词或不定代词，描述人或事物的性质、特征、状态；可作定语或表语。 - 句型结构： 形容词 + 名词（作定语） 系动词(be / look / feel 等) + 形容词（作表语） - 典型例句： · The rabbit has long ears. · The cat looks very cute. - 小贴士：形容词修饰不定代词（something, anything 等）时必须后置。 考点2：情态动词 can / could / may - 核心用法：can 表示现在的能力或许可；could 表示过去的能力或委婉请求；may 表示许可或请求。 - 句型结构：情态动词 + 动词原形 - 典型例句： · I can run fast.（能力） · Could you help me?（委婉请求） - 小贴士：情态动词无人称和数的变化，否定形式直接在后面加 not（can’t / couldn’t / may not）。 考点3：alone 与 lonely 辨析 - 核心用法：区分 alone（客观状态“独自一人”）与 lonely（主观感受“孤独寂寞”）。 - 句型结构： alone 可作形容词或副词，lonely 只作形容词。 - 典型例句： · He is alone, but he doesn’t feel lonely. - 小贴士：alone 强调“没有其他人陪伴”，lonely 强调“内心感到寂寞”。alone 可以作副词修饰动词（如 live alone）。 单元重点习题巩固 一、单项选择（共25题） 从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 ( )1．The little boy was ________ by a dog when he tried to touch it. A．bitten B．hit C．pushed D．pulled ( )2．________ are active at night and sleep during the day. A．Bats B．Bees C．Butterflies D．Ants ( )3．—Could you please help me take care of my pet fish while I’m away? —________. A．That’s right. B．You’re welcome. C．No problem. D．Never mind. ( )4．A life without a dream is like a bird without ________, which can’t fly. A．food B．legs C．wings D．eyes ( )5．My pet dog is very ______. It can help me carry things. A．lazy B．clever C．shy D．scary ( )6．—______ do you like koalas? —Because they are very cute. A．What B．Where C．Why D．How ( )7．The idea of radar comes from ______. A．dogs B．cats C．goldfish D．bats ( )8．________, a dog ran out from behind the tree. A．Suddenly B．Slowly C．Quickly D．Gradually ( )9．Can your parrot ________ “Hello” and “Goodbye”? A．say B．tell C．talk D．think ( )10．—Frank, should I spend more time on schoolwork or hobbies? —If you ________ two rabbits, you will catch neither. A．run after B．give away C．look after D．pick up ( )11．Jim knew nothing about pets ________ his father told him about them. A．after B．till C．if D．because ( )12．Remember, children. No subject can be learned well ______ hard work. A．without B．through C．by D．with ( )13．—________ I take the magazine out of the reading room? —I’m sorry, you ________. A．Could; couldn’t B．Must; couldn’t C．Will; can’t D．May; can’t ( )14．The little girl was sad because her pet bird ________ fly as high as it did before after being hurt. A．couldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t ( )15．During the 2024 Paris Olympics, some dogs helped keep order in the stadium. They are ________ and hard-working. A．harmful B．useless C．helpful D．careless ( )16．—Do you have any plans for this Sunday? —I’m not sure. I ________ go to the countryside to see my grandmother. A．may B．must C．can D．have to ( )17．He tried all kinds of ______ to stop his little sister from crying loudly. A．interests B．wonders C．tricks D．notices ( )18．—Don’t forget ______ your pet dog out for a walk every day. —OK, ______. A．to take; I will B．taking; I won’t C．taking; I will D．to take; I won’t ( )19．He told me in a low ______ not to make a ______ . A．sound; noise B．noise; sound C．voice; sound D．sound; voice ( )20．—I ________ Mary not to ________ her ID card, but she forgot. How terrible! —Don’t worry. We still have time to bring it here. A．remember to tell; forget to take B．remember telling; forget taking C．remember telling; forget to take D．remember to tell; forget taking ( )21．The old lady often walks ________ the river ________. She feels ________ from time to time. A．along; lonely; alone B．alone; along; lonely C．lonely; alone; along D．along; alone; lonely ( )22．It’s good to see many middle school students learn to ________ themselves. A．look at B．care for C．care of D．look for ( )23．________ each of us lives a greener life, the world will get better and better. A．If B．Before C．Until D．Though ( )24．Simon’s pet can do ________ tricks to ________. A．interesting; cheer him up B．interest; cheer him up C．interest; cheer up him D．interesting; cheer up him ( )25．Mr Lin and his team got lost (迷路) in the mountain and finally they got out ______ with the help of local farmers. A．quickly B．suddenly C．clearly D．safely 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（共20小题） 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，使句子完整、通顺。 1．When learning a new language, it's important to pronounce words ________ (correct). 2．Bats can’t see at night and they can find their way by ________ (listen). 3．The restaurant is always very _________ (noise), making it hard to have a normal conversation. 4．My parents don’t ________ (allow) me to go out late at night. 5．The little boy ________ (can) not swim when he was five years old, but now he can swim very well. 6．This app is quite _________ (use) for the students to learn English. 7．The doctor advised him to lose ________ (weigh) to improve his health. 8．There are a lot of ________ (butterfly) around the flowers. 9．He enjoys ________ (run) around the house and playing with his toys. 10．The president ________ (name) him as the secretary. 11．The family’s dog is lazily ________ (lie) in the sun, enjoying the warmth on its fur. 12．The hikers felt ________ (sleep) after their long trek (长途跋涉) through the forest, so they decided to rest. 13．I ________ (forget) to bring my umbrella yesterday. 14．The movie was so ________ (touch) that everyone cried. 15．The children returned home ________ (safe) after the trip. 16．Many ________ (work) are afraid of losing their jobs because of the use of robots. 17．Stop staying up every night! You’ll be too tired to stay ________ (wake) in the daytime. 18．—It’s time for school. Please ________ your sister up. —Look! She is ________. (wake) 19．She has a ________ (friend) personality that makes it easy for her to make new friends. 20．— How many ________ (goldfish) do you have? — Five. 三、选词填空（共10小题） 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，每词限用一次。方框中有两项为多余选项。 one, be, after, but, eat, noise, trick, a, bite, sit My favourite pet is a dog. He is my uncle’s. His name 1．  Lance and he is two years old. Lance has white fur and paws (爪子). He is very small. He is often 2．  and happy. He never 3．  and doesn’t like fights. Sometimes, he 4．  on the floor and watches TV. He likes to run after a ball and do some 5． . I usually take him to the park at least 6．  a day and brush his fur. Usually, he 7．  dog food from a bowl. He doesn’t like staying at home alone for 8．  long time, so I play with him every day. He likes swimming in the lake 9．  he can’t swim well. Every day I feed him clean water. He is very lazy. Lance is my best friend. I like him very much and I will look 10．  him well. 四、语法填空（共10小题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式。 I have a pet cat 1．  (name) Mimi. I like it very much. Mimi has a round face and big bright eyes. You can’t imagine how cute it is when Mimi looks at you. 2．  (it) fur is soft and short. So it likes to sleep in a warm place when the weather gets cold. Mimi is very 3．  (friend). It always plays happily with everyone who comes to visit and of course everyone likes Mimi too! Also, Mimi often makes me 4．  (laugh). When I come home 5．  school, it always runs to me and 6．  (welcome) me. I feed it every day and make sure it has enough food and water. Mimi likes to play and sleep. It often runs after 7．  (butterfly) in the yard. It likes to climb high up in the trees, but it can always go down 8．  (safe). When Mimi gets tired, it will find somewhere comfortable to have 9．  good rest. Pet animals are lovely and wonderful. When you feel lonely, they are always 10．  your side. When you think there is no one to talk to, they are always there waiting for you. 五、完成句子（共15小题） 根据所给中文提示，完成下列句子，每空一词。 1. 这只小猫活泼又可爱，平日里她喜欢到处蹦蹦跳跳。 The little cat is lovely and active, and she loves to ______ ______. 2. The cat can climb trees.（改为一般疑问句） ________ the cat ________ trees? 3. 我的宠物性格温顺安静，日常生活中她从不惹任何麻烦。 My pet has a gentle mood, and she never ______ ______ ______. 4. 这只小狗十分机灵，玩耍时它经常追着球快速奔跑。 The dog is smart and playful, and he often ______ ______ the ______. 5. My hamster lives in a cage.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ your hamster live? 6. 金鱼外形美观且干净卫生，在生活中它们很容易照顾。 Goldfish are clean and beautiful, and they are easy ______ ______ ______. 7. We should feed the dog twice a day.（改为否定句） We ________ ________ the dog twice a day. 8. 饲养宠物需要责任心，日常生活中你应该好好照顾你的宠物。 Keeping pets needs responsibility, so you should ______ good ______ ______ your pet. 9. 自然界动物习性各不相同，有些动物白天睡觉，夜晚醒来活动。 Different animals have different living habits. Some animals sleep ______ ______ ______ and ______ ______ at night. 10. The giraffe is from Africa.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the giraffe from? 11. 昆虫界的蜜蜂和蚂蚁终日忙碌，是非常勤劳的小动物。 Bees and ants work hard all day, and they are ______ ______ insects. 12. 动物与人类和谐共生，我们不应该无端害怕动物。 Animals live with us in nature, so we should not ______ ______ ______ animals. 13. 人与自然密不可分，我们应该主动和动物友好交朋友。 Nature connects humans and animals, so we should ______ ______ ______ animals. 14. 弱小的动物也有情感，我们绝对不应该捉弄动物。 Small weak animals have feelings too, so you shouldn’t ______ ______ on animals. 15. 万物同住一片家园，我们应该学会和动物和睦相处。 We share the same world with all lives, so we should ______ ______ well ______ animals. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 答案解析 单元重点词汇、短语自测 一、 重点单词默写 【名词】 1. bat 2. butterfly 3. ant 4. wing 5. insect 6. weight 7. hole 8. worker 9. honey 10. stick 11. fight 12. sound 13. corner 14. goldfish 15. giraffe 16. neck 17. snake 18. person 【动词】 1. taste 2. lift 3. forget 4. allow 5. cheer 6. save 7. name 8. feed 【形容词/副词】 1. awake 2. lonely 3. afraid 4. safely 5. hard-working 6. useful 7. correct 8. round 9. loud 10. sad 11. around 【兼类词】 1. alone 2. touch 二、单词词性转换专练 1. safely 2. useful 3. correctly 4. loudly 5. worker 6. fighter 7. feeder 8. forgetful 9. noisy 三、重点短语默写 1. up to 2. look after 3. cheer up 4. care for 5. fight for 6. fight with 7. forget to do sth. 8. forget doing sth. 9. feel lonely 10. play with 11. take…out for a walk 12. be kind to 13. have trouble (in) doing sth. 14. save one’s life 15. be good for 单元重点习题巩固 一、单项选择 1. A 解析：be bitten by a dog 被狗咬，是固定被动搭配；hit撞击、push推、pull拉均不符合语境 2. A 解析：bat蝙蝠是夜间活动、白天睡觉的动物，bee、butterfly、ant均为日间活动昆虫 3. C 解析：No problem. 用于回应别人的请求，表示“乐意帮忙”，是交际用语必考点 4. C 解析：wing翅膀，鸟没有翅膀无法飞行，符合比喻句逻辑；food食物、leg腿、eye眼睛均不匹配 5. B 解析：clever聪明的，能帮忙搬东西说明宠物聪明；lazy懒惰的、shy害羞的、scary吓人的不符合 6. C 解析：Why用于提问原因，答语必须用Because引导，是最基础的疑问词用法 7. D 解析：雷达的发明原理来自蝙蝠的回声定位，是本单元文化常识考点 8. A 解析：Suddenly突然，强调出乎意料；slowly缓慢地、quickly快速地、gradually逐渐地均不适合 9. A 解析：say后接说话内容“Hello/Goodbye”；tell侧重告诉、talk侧重交谈、think侧重认为，用法不同 10. A 解析：run after two rabbits是英语谚语，意为“一心二用，一事无成”，是固定短语辨析 11. B 解析：till直到……为止，引导时间状语；not…till直到……才，符合句意逻辑 12. A 解析：without没有，介词；No subject can be learned well without hard work. 无努力则无成就 13. D 解析：May I…? 表示请求许可，否定回答只能用can’t，是情态动词高频考点 14. A 解析：couldn’t不能，表示过去或现在的能力丧失；mustn’t禁止、needn’t不必、shouldn’t不应该 15. C 解析：helpful有帮助的，与hard-working并列，形容警犬的作用；harmful有害的、useless无用的、careless粗心的 16. A 解析：may可能，表示不确定的推测；must一定、can能够、have to不得不均不符合I’m not sure语境 17. C 解析：tricks把戏、招数；try all kinds of tricks 想尽各种办法，固定搭配 18. A 解析：forget to do sth.忘记要做某事（未做）；forget doing忘记做过（已做）；答句I will表“我会的” 19. A 解析：in a low sound 低声地；make a noise 制造噪音，sound泛指声音，noise指噪音 20. C 解析：remember doing记得做过某事；forget to do忘记去做某事；时态与逻辑均匹配 21. D 解析：walk along沿着……走；alone独自（副词）；feel lonely感到孤独（形容词），是alone/lonely必考题 22. B 解析：care for照顾，等同于look after；look at看、look for寻找、care of形式错误 23. A 解析：If如果，引导条件状语从句，主将从现结构 24. A 解析：interesting修饰事物；cheer him up代词必须放在动词和副词中间 25. D 解析：safely安全地，副词修饰got out，表示“安全脱险” 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. correctly 解析：副词correctly修饰动词pronounce，形容词不能修饰动词 2. listening 解析：by是介词，后面必须接动名词形式listening 3. noisy 解析：be动词后接形容词作表语，noise是名词，noisy是形容词“吵闹的” 4. allow 解析：don’t为助动词否定式，后面必须接动词原形allow 5. could 解析：when he was five years old为一般过去时，can的过去式是could 6. useful 解析：be动词后接形容词useful作表语，表示“有用的” 7. weight 解析：lose weight固定搭配“减肥”，动词lose后接名词weight 8. butterflies 解析：a lot of后接可数名词复数，butterfly变复数为butterflies 9. running 解析：enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事，固定用法 10. named 解析：本句为一般过去时，name的过去式直接加d 11. lying 解析：现在进行时结构be doing，lie的现在分词为lying 12. sleepy 解析：feel sleepy固定搭配“感到困倦”，sleepy是形容词 13. forgot 解析：yesterday为一般过去时标志，forget的过去式为forgot 14. touching 解析：touching令人感动的，修饰事物；touched感动的，修饰人 15. safely 解析：副词safely修饰动词returned，表示“安全返回” 16. workers 解析：many后接可数名词复数，worker复数直接加s 17. awake 解析：stay awake固定搭配“保持清醒”，awake是形容词 18. wake; awake 解析：祈使句用动词原形wake；be awake表示“醒着的” 19. friendly 解析：形容词friendly修饰名词personality，表示“友好的性格” 20. goldfish 解析：goldfish单复数同形，不需要变化 三、选词填空 1. is 解析：主语his name为单数，be动词用is 2. friendly 解析：be动词后接形容词friendly作表语，表示“友好的” 3. barks 解析：主语he为第三人称单数，一般现在时动词加s 4. sits 解析：主语he为三单，sit变为sits 5. tricks 解析：do tricks固定搭配“耍把戏、玩花样” 6. once 解析：once a day一天一次，表示频率 7. eats 解析：主语he为三单，eat变为eats 8. a 解析：a long time固定搭配“很长一段时间” 9. but 解析：表示转折关系，喜欢游泳但游不好 10. after 解析：look after固定搭配“照顾、照料” 四、语法填空 1. named 解析：过去分词named作后置定语，表示“被叫做……的” 2. Its 解析：形容词性物主代词Its修饰名词fur，表示“它的” 3. friendly 解析：be动词后接形容词friendly作表语 4. laugh 解析：make sb. do sth.使某人做某事，用动词原形 5. from 解析：come home from school放学回家，固定搭配 6. welcomes 解析：主语it为三单，welcome变为welcomes 7. butterflies 解析：butterfly为可数名词，泛指用复数 8. safely 解析：副词safely修饰动词go down，表示“安全地下来” 9. a 解析：have a good rest固定搭配“好好休息” 10. by 解析：by one’s side固定搭配“在某人身边、陪伴某人” 五、完成句子 1. jump; around 解析：jump around固定短语“到处蹦蹦跳跳”，符合课文原句 2. Can; climb 解析：情态动词can提前构成一般疑问句，后接动词原形climb 3. makes; any; trouble 解析：make trouble惹麻烦；any用于否定句中 4. runs; after; ball 解析：run after追逐；主语the dog为三单，run变runs 5. Where; does 解析：对地点提问用where；主语your hamster为三单，用助动词does 6. to; look; after 解析：be easy to do sth.做某事很容易；look after照顾 7. shouldn’t; feed 解析：should的否定式为shouldn’t，后接动词原形feed 8. take; care; of 解析：take good care of固定短语“好好照顾”，比look after语气更强 9. in; the; daytime; wake; up 解析：in the daytime在白天；wake up醒来，均为单元核心短语 10. Where; is 解析：be from来自；对地点提问用where 11. very; hard-working 解析：hard-working形容词“勤劳的”，单元重点词汇 12. be; afraid; of 解析：be afraid of害怕……，情态动词should后接原形 13. make; friends; with 解析：make friends with和……交朋友，固定搭配 14. play; tricks 解析：play tricks on捉弄……，单元必背短语 15. get; on/along; with 解析：get on/along with与……和睦相处，高频考点 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $