Unit 5 Natural disasters（句型转换情景对话专练）英语新教材沪教版五四制八年级下册

**基本信息** 以自然灾害主题为载体，通过基础与提升两级情景对话，系统训练功能句型与状语从句结合的情景表达能力，促进语言能力与思维品质的协同发展。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础篇|5个情景对话|功能句型（回应/询问/感叹等）与条件/时间/原因状语从句结合|围绕地震、洪水等基础灾害，构建“情景-句型-功能”关联，夯实基础表达| |提升篇|5个情景对话|复杂情景下的观点表达与问题解决，强化状语从句在建议/预测中的应用|拓展旱灾、海啸等灾害类型，深化“主题-语法-思维”逻辑，提升综合运用能力|

Unit 5 Natural disasters 句型转换情景对话专练 基础篇 情景对话 01 Situation: Lily 和 Lucy 在聊地震应急知识，学习避险方法。 Lily: Lucy, do you know what to do when an earthquake happens? Lucy: 1. ________. (回应方法+条件状语从句) Lily: 2. ________? (询问细节) Lucy: We must stay away from buildings and power lines. They might fall down suddenly. Lily: 3. ________! (感叹重要性) Lucy: 4. ________. (补充建议+时间状语从句) 【答案】 1.I’ve learned some basic skills. We shouldn’t run around if there’s no time to escape 2.Should we run to an open area or stay where we are 3.What useful knowledge these are! It can save lives in danger 4.Emergency drills at school are also useful. We should take them seriously when we participate 【解析】 1.考查回应方法句，basic skills（基本技能）、run around（乱跑）、escape（逃生）是单元核心词汇，if 引导条件状语从句（八年级重点语法），明确 “无逃生时间时” 的应对措施，逻辑严谨。 2.考查细节询问句，选择疑问结构（run to...or stay...）贴合场景，open area（开阔地带）是地震避险核心短语，符合应急知识讨论需求。 3.考查感叹句，How necessary/What useful knowledge... 强化避险技能的重要性，save lives（救命）突出主题，语气强烈。 4.考查补充建议句，emergency drills（应急演练）、take...seriously（认真对待）是核心短语，when 引导时间状语从句，给出具体学习渠道，实用可行。 情景对话 02 Situation: 老师 Mr. Lee 和学生 Tom 在聊洪水灾害，探讨预防与救援。 Mr. Lee: Tom, have you read the news about the flood in the south last month? Tom: 1. ________. (肯定回应+原因状语从句) Mr. Lee: 2. ________? (询问认知) Tom: I think it’s because of climate change and deforestation. Mr. Lee: 3. ________. (补充观点+条件状语从句) Tom: 4. ________? (询问行动) 【答案】 1.I have. The flood destroyed many roads and crops because of heavy rain for a week 2.Do you think human activities are more harmful than natural factors 3.You’re right. Trees can absorb water, so we should plant more forests to prevent floods 4.Should we also learn how to use life jackets when there’s a flood warning 【解析】 1.考查肯定回应句，destroy（摧毁）、crops（庄稼）、heavy rain（暴雨）是洪水相关核心词汇，because of 引导原因状语（八年级重点），补充灾害后果，细节丰富。 2.考查认知询问句，比较级 more harmful than（比…… 更有害）强化语法运用，human activities（人类活动）、natural factors（自然因素）贴合 “洪水成因” 讨论，辩证性强。 3.考查补充观点句，absorb water（吸水）、prevent floods（预防洪水）是核心短语，so 引导结果状语从句，建立 “植树” 与 “防洪” 的逻辑关系，主题鲜明。 4.考查行动询问句，life jackets（救生衣）、flood warning（洪水预警）是应急核心词汇，when 引导时间状语从句，聚焦 “个人应急准备”，贴合学生实际。 情景对话 03 Situation: Mike 和 Jack 在聊台风天气，分享应对经验。 Mike: Jack, we had a strong typhoon last weekend. Did you stay at home safely? Jack: 1. ________. (肯定回应+时间状语从句) Mike: 2. ________? (询问细节) Jack: We closed all the windows tightly and moved outdoor plants indoors. Typhoons are more dangerous than rainstorms. Mike: 3. ________. (表达认同+补充) Jack: 4. ________. (给出建议+条件状语从句) 【答案】 1.I did. We also checked the roof for leaks because typhoon winds can be very strong 2.Did you turn off the gas and electrical appliances as well 3.How scary that was! I heard some trees were blown down on the streets 4.It’s also wise to follow the weather forecast. You can get prepared earlier if you know the typhoon’s path 【解析】 1.考查肯定回应句，prepare enough food and water（准备足够的食物和水）、check for leaks（检查漏水）是台风应对核心措施，before 引导时间状语从句，符合八年级语法要求。 2.考查细节询问句，turn off gas and electrical appliances（关闭燃气和电器）是关键安全操作，as well（也）使表达更自然，贴合 “台风准备” 场景。 3.考查认同+补充句，power went out（停电）、blown down（被吹倒）是台风灾害常见后果，How scary that was 强化感受，细节真实。 4.考查建议句，flashlight（手电筒）、power cut（停电）、weather forecast（天气预报）是实用词汇，if 引导条件状语从句，建议具体可操作。 情景对话 04 Situation: Anna 和 Emma 在聊泥石流灾害，了解预警信号。 Anna: Emma, I watched a documentary about mudslides yesterday. They’re really terrifying. Emma: 1. ________. (表达认同+原因状语从句) Anna: 2. ________? (询问预警) Emma: For example, continuous heavy rain and unusual sounds from the mountains. Anna: 3. ________. (表达顾虑+条件状语从句) Emma: 4. ________. (给出解决方案) 【答案】 1.I totally agree. Many villages are in danger because they’re built near mountain slopes 2.Are there any other signs besides rain and strange sounds 3.That’s a big problem. People may have no time to escape if they don’t get warnings early 4.We can also spread knowledge about mudslides. More people will be safe if they know the signs 【解析】 1.考查认同句，destructive（具有破坏性的）、landslides（山体滑坡）、mountain slopes（山坡）是单元核心词汇，because 引导原因状语从句，解释泥石流更危险的原因，逻辑清晰。 2.考查预警询问句，early warning signs（预警信号）、remote areas（偏远地区）是核心短语，besides（除…… 之外）拓展询问维度，使对话更深入。 3.考查顾虑表达句，set up warning systems（建立预警系统）、send alerts（发送警报）是解决方案核心，if 引导条件状语从句，表达对偏远地区居民的担忧，情感真挚。 4.考查解决方案句，spread knowledge（传播知识）呼应前文 “预警信号”，if 引导条件状语从句，强调 “知识普及” 的重要性，主题升华。 情景对话 05 Situation: 家长 Mrs. White 和孩子 Alice 在聊雷电天气安全，强调防护要点。 Mrs. White: Alice, remember not to use the phone when there’s a thunderstorm. Alice: 1. ________? (询问原因) Mrs. White: Because lightning might hit the phone line and cause electric shocks. It’s safer to stay away from electrical devices. Alice: 2. ________. (表达理解+时间状语从句) Mrs. White: 3. ________. (给出建议) Alice: 4. ________. (承诺遵守) 【答案】 1.Is it because lightning is more dangerous than other natural phenomena 2.That makes sense. I used to play outdoors when it thundered, but now I know it’s risky 3.You should also avoid open fields and high places. Lightning often hits the tallest objects 4.I’ll tell my classmates these safety tips too. Everyone should learn how to protect themselves 【解析】 1.考查原因询问句，thunderstorm（雷暴）、electric shocks（电击）、electrical devices（电器）是核心词汇，Is it because... 引导原因询问，符合八年级表达习惯。 2.考查理解句，caught outdoors（被困在户外）、squat low（蹲低）是雷电防护核心动作，when 引导时间状语从句，体现认知转变，真实自然。 3.考查建议句，avoid open fields（避开开阔地带）、metal objects（金属物体）是关键防护点，用 “Never...” 强调禁止行为，语气坚定。 4.考查承诺句，take risks（冒险）、safety tips（安全提示）是核心短语，主动提出 “分享给同学”，体现安全意识的传递，立意积极。 提升篇 情景对话 01 Situation: Tony 和 Sam 在聊旱灾影响，探讨节水与抗旱。 Tony: Sam, the southwest region has been suffering from a drought for half a year. Sam: 1. ________! (感叹严重) Tony: 2. ________? (询问影响) Sam: People don’t have enough drinking water. They have to walk miles to get water every day. Tony: 3. ________. (表达担忧+条件状语从句) Sam: 4. ________. (提出行动) 【答案】 1.What a serious drought it is! I saw photos of dry rivers on the news 2.Do people have to give up their farms because of the lack of water 3.I agree. Farmers are losing their income because their crops can’t grow 4.We can also donate water or money to the drought-stricken areas. Many people need help 【解析】 1.考查感叹句，drought（旱灾）、crops have died（庄稼枯死）是核心表达，How terrible/What a serious drought... 强化旱灾的严重性，符合八年级感叹句用法。 2.考查影响询问句，lack of water（缺水）、give up farms（放弃农田）贴合旱灾对农业的影响，because of 引导原因状语，使询问更具体。 3.考查担忧句，continue（持续）、get worse（变得更糟）是逻辑递进，if 引导条件状语从句，表达对后续情况的担忧，情感真挚。 4.考查行动句，save water（节约用水）、donate（捐赠）、drought-stricken areas（旱灾地区）是核心短语，连接 “个人行动” 与 “抗旱”，实用可行。 情景对话 02 Situation: Lisa 和 Mia 在聊海啸灾害，了解应对措施。 Lisa: Mia, have you ever learned about tsunamis in geography class? Mia: 1. ________. (肯定回应+时间状语从句) Lisa: 2. ________? (询问特征) Mia: Yes! They are much faster and more powerful. The waves can be tens of meters high. Lisa: 3. ________! (感叹危险) Mia: 4. ________. (给出建议) 【答案】 1.I have. Our teacher told us that tsunamis can travel across oceans at high speed 2.Are tsunamis more destructive than typhoons in coastal areas 3.What terrifying waves! I can’t imagine how people escape from them 4.They should also follow the evacuation routes. Don’t take any belongings when escaping 【解析】 1.考查肯定回应句，tsunami（海啸）、underwater earthquake（海底地震）、volcanic eruption（火山爆发）是核心词汇，after 引导时间状语从句，解释海啸成因，符合地理知识逻辑。 2.考查特征询问句，characteristics（特征）、ordinary waves（普通海浪）是核心短语，比较级 more destructive than（比…… 更具破坏性）强化语法运用，贴合 “灾害对比” 场景。 3.考查感叹句，tens of meters high（数十米高）突出海啸威力，How dangerous/What terrifying waves... 强化感受，推动后续 “应对措施” 的讨论。 4.考查建议句，evacuate to higher ground（疏散到高地）、evacuation routes（疏散路线）是海啸逃生核心措施，Never... 强调禁止行为，建议具体权威。 情景对话 03 Situation: 老师 Ms. Clark 和学生 David 在聊自然灾害后的救援，强调互助精神。 Ms. Clark: David, what do you think people should do after a natural disaster? David: 1. ________. (表达观点+条件状语从句) Ms. Clark: 2. ________! (表扬+追问) David: We can donate our old clothes and books. We can also raise money for the victims. Ms. Clark: 3. ________. (补充观点+原因状语从句) David: 4. ________. (表达意愿) 【答案】 1.In my opinion, the first thing is to save lives. Rescuers should reach the disaster area as soon as possible 2.Can we also write encouraging letters to the victims to cheer them up 3.You’re right. Even small acts of kindness can make a big difference because the victims are in great need 4.I think schools should organize more disaster relief activities. Students will learn the spirit of helping others 【解析】 1.考查观点句，unharmed（未受伤的）、victims（灾民）、shelter（住所）是核心词汇，if 引导条件状语从句，明确 “未受伤者” 的互助责任，观点明确。 2.考查角色询问句，disaster relief（救灾）、raise money（筹款）是核心短语，Can we also... 拓展青少年参与方式，贴合学生能力范围。 3.考查补充观点句，volunteer work（志愿工作）、bring warmth（带来温暖）是核心表达，because 引导原因状语从句，强调志愿工作的意义，情感积极。 4.考查意愿句，join a volunteer team（加入志愿队）、organize activities（组织活动）体现行动意愿，when 引导时间状语从句，表达长期目标，立意深远。 情景对话 04 Situation: Sarah 和 Luna 在聊沙尘暴天气，探讨防护与环保。 Sarah: Luna, the sandstorm yesterday made the air very dirty. I could barely breathe. Luna: 1. ________. (表达共鸣+原因状语从句) Sarah: 2. ________? (询问防护) Luna: We should wear masks and goggles when going out. We should also close the windows tightly. Sarah: 3. ________. (表达认同+条件状语从句) Luna: 4. ________. (补充建议) 【答案】 1.How uncomfortable it was! The sand got into my eyes and mouth because of the strong wind 2.Are there any other ways to reduce the harm of sandstorms 3.I totally agree. Trees are the best defense against sandstorms. They can block the wind and sand 4.The government is also taking measures. We should follow environmental protection rules to support them 【解析】 1.考查共鸣句，sandstorm（沙尘暴）、goggles（护目镜）、hold the soil（保持水土）是核心词汇，because of 引导原因状语，描述沙尘暴的不良感受，真实贴切。 2.考查防护询问句，protect ourselves from（保护自己免受…… 伤害）、reduce the harm（减少伤害）是核心短语，拓展防护方式，符合对话逻辑。 3.考查认同句，plant more trees（多种树）、block the wind and sand（阻挡风沙）是核心措施，if 引导条件状语从句，建立 “环保” 与 “治沙” 的逻辑关系，主题鲜明。 4.考查补充建议句，grasslands（草原）、environmental protection rules（环保规则）是核心词汇，连接个人行动与政府措施，体现全面性，立意升华。 情景对话 05 Situation: 同学 Peter 和 Paul 在聊自然灾害预警系统，讨论科技的作用。 Peter: Paul, do you think technology can help us deal with natural disasters better? Paul: 1. ________. (肯定回应+原因状语从句) Peter: 2. ________? (询问功能) Paul: They can predict natural disasters earlier and send warnings to people in time. Peter: 3. ________. (表达赞赏+条件状语从句) Paul: 4. ________. (总结升华) 【答案】 1.I think so. For example, weather satellites can monitor storms and typhoons 24 hours a day 2.Can they predict all kinds of natural disasters or just some of them 3.How useful technology is! It has changed the way we respond to natural disasters 4.We should also respect nature. If we live in harmony with nature, we can reduce the number of disasters 【解析】 1.考查肯定回应句，advanced（先进的）、satellites（卫星）、sensors（传感器）是科技相关核心词汇，because 引导原因状语从句，解释预警系统先进的原因，符合八年级认知。 2.考查功能询问句，predict（预测）、monitor（监测）是核心动词，选择疑问结构（all kinds...or just some...）使询问更精准，贴合 “科技功能” 讨论。 3.考查赞赏句，respond to（应对）、prepare（准备）是核心短语，if 引导条件状语从句，强调 “提前预警” 的价值，语气赞赏。 4.考查总结句，live in harmony with nature（与自然和谐共处）是核心表达，总结 “科技” 与 “自然” 的关系，升华主题，立意深刻。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Natural disasters 句型转换情景对话专练 基础篇 情景对话 01 Situation: Lily 和 Lucy 在聊地震应急知识，学习避险方法。 Lily: Lucy, do you know what to do when an earthquake happens? Lucy: 1. ________. (回应方法+条件状语从句) Lily: 2. ________? (询问细节) Lucy: We must stay away from buildings and power lines. They might fall down suddenly. Lily: 3. ________! (感叹重要性) Lucy: 4. ________. (补充建议+时间状语从句) 情景对话 02 Situation: 老师 Mr. Lee 和学生 Tom 在聊洪水灾害，探讨预防与救援。 Mr. Lee: Tom, have you read the news about the flood in the south last month? Tom: 1. ________. (肯定回应+原因状语从句) Mr. Lee: 2. ________? (询问认知) Tom: I think it’s because of climate change and deforestation. Mr. Lee: 3. ________. (补充观点+条件状语从句) Tom: 4. ________? (询问行动) 情景对话 03 Situation: Mike 和 Jack 在聊台风天气，分享应对经验。 Mike: Jack, we had a strong typhoon last weekend. Did you stay at home safely? Jack: 1. ________. (肯定回应+时间状语从句) Mike: 2. ________? (询问细节) Jack: We closed all the windows tightly and moved outdoor plants indoors. Typhoons are more dangerous than rainstorms. Mike: 3. ________. (表达认同+补充) Jack: 4. ________. (给出建议+条件状语从句) 情景对话 04 Situation: Anna 和 Emma 在聊泥石流灾害，了解预警信号。 Anna: Emma, I watched a documentary about mudslides yesterday. They’re really terrifying. Emma: 1. ________. (表达认同+原因状语从句) Anna: 2. ________? (询问预警) Emma: For example, continuous heavy rain and unusual sounds from the mountains. Anna: 3. ________. (表达顾虑+条件状语从句) Emma: 4. ________. (给出解决方案) 情景对话 05 Situation: 家长 Mrs. White 和孩子 Alice 在聊雷电天气安全，强调防护要点。 Mrs. White: Alice, remember not to use the phone when there’s a thunderstorm. Alice: 1. ________? (询问原因) Mrs. White: Because lightning might hit the phone line and cause electric shocks. It’s safer to stay away from electrical devices. Alice: 2. ________. (表达理解+时间状语从句) Mrs. White: 3. ________. (给出建议) Alice: 4. ________. (承诺遵守) 提升篇 情景对话 01 Situation: Tony 和 Sam 在聊旱灾影响，探讨节水与抗旱。 Tony: Sam, the southwest region has been suffering from a drought for half a year. Sam: 1. ________! (感叹严重) Tony: 2. ________? (询问影响) Sam: People don’t have enough drinking water. They have to walk miles to get water every day. Tony: 3. ________. (表达担忧+条件状语从句) Sam: 4. ________. (提出行动) 情景对话 02 Situation: Lisa 和 Mia 在聊海啸灾害，了解应对措施。 Lisa: Mia, have you ever learned about tsunamis in geography class? Mia: 1. ________. (肯定回应+时间状语从句) Lisa: 2. ________? (询问特征) Mia: Yes! They are much faster and more powerful. The waves can be tens of meters high. Lisa: 3. ________! (感叹危险) Mia: 4. ________. (给出建议) 情景对话 03 Situation: 老师 Ms. Clark 和学生 David 在聊自然灾害后的救援，强调互助精神。 Ms. Clark: David, what do you think people should do after a natural disaster? David: 1. ________. (表达观点+条件状语从句) Ms. Clark: 2. ________! (表扬+追问) David: We can donate our old clothes and books. We can also raise money for the victims. Ms. Clark: 3. ________. (补充观点+原因状语从句) David: 4. ________. (表达意愿) 情景对话 04 Situation: Sarah 和 Luna 在聊沙尘暴天气，探讨防护与环保。 Sarah: Luna, the sandstorm yesterday made the air very dirty. I could barely breathe. Luna: 1. ________. (表达共鸣+原因状语从句) Sarah: 2. ________? (询问防护) Luna: We should wear masks and goggles when going out. We should also close the windows tightly. Sarah: 3. ________. (表达认同+条件状语从句) Luna: 4. ________. (补充建议) 情景对话 05 Situation: 同学 Peter 和 Paul 在聊自然灾害预警系统，讨论科技的作用。 Peter: Paul, do you think technology can help us deal with natural disasters better? Paul: 1. ________. (肯定回应+原因状语从句) Peter: 2. ________? (询问功能) Paul: They can predict natural disasters earlier and send warnings to people in time. Peter: 3. ________. (表达赞赏+条件状语从句) Paul: 4. ________. (总结升华) 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $