Unit 4 Weather and our lives 单元话题阅读套餐练 -六年级英语下册单元整体优化精准练（新教材沪教版五四制）

Unit 4 Weather and our lives单元话题阅读套餐练 选材聚焦本单元话题，语篇以不同题型呈现，兼顾多种文本体裁，难度适中。 语法选择 A.根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 It is a sunny day! We can go to a beach to have fun. We should wear 1 T-shirt and shorts. We can eat ice-cream and drink cold juices. Look, I 2 at the beach now. It is a rainy day! We need 3 home. We should wear 4 jackets and use an umbrella. We can’t stay outside 5 it is wet. 6 am I doing now? I am listening to music at home. It is a 7 day! We can go outside. But we should wear warm clothes 8 a hat and gloves. We usually build 9 or have a snowball fight! It is a windy day! If it blows 10 we need to stay at home. We should wear a jacket and fitted (合适的) clothes. We can fly a kite, but we should stay inside. 1．A．the B．an C．a 2．A．sunbathes B．am sunbathing C．is sunbathing 3．A．to go B．go C．going 4．A．us B．we C．our 5．A．when B．and C．because 6．A．How B．What C．Where 7．A．snow B．snowy C．snows 8．A．on B．from C．with 9．A．snowmen B．snowman C．snowman’s 10．A．heavily B．heavy C．heavier 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了不同的天气我们应该穿什么衣服以及做什么事情。 1．句意：我们应该穿一个短袖和一条短裤。 the这个（定冠词，表特指）；an一个（用在元音音素开头的单词前）；a一个（用在辅音音素开头的单词前）。“T-shirt”为辅音音素开头的单词。故选C。 2．句意：看，我正在沙滩晒日光浴。 sunbathes日光浴（第三人称单数形式）；am sunbathing正在晒日光浴（现在进行时）；is sunbathing正在晒日光浴（现在进行时）。根据“now”可知，动作正在进行，因此时态为现在进行时，且主语为“I”，因此be动词用am。故选B。 3．句意：我们需要回家。 to go去（动词不定式）；go去（动词原形）；going去（动名词形式）。need作实义动词时其后跟动词不定式，need to do sth表示“需要去做某事”；need作情态动词时后跟动词原形，但常用于否定句和疑问句中，此句为肯定句。故选A。 4．句意：我们应该穿我们的夹克衫并且使用雨伞。 us我们（宾格）；we我们（主格）；our我们的（形容词性物主代词）。根据题空后的名词“jackets”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰限定。故选C。 5．句意：我们不能待在外面因为潮湿。 when什么时候；and和；because因为。“it is wet”与“can’t stay outside”为因果关系。故选C。 6．句意：我现在在做什么？ how如何；what什么；where哪里。根据“I am listening to music at home.”可知，此处问在做什么，疑问代词what充当“doing”的宾语。故选B。 7．句意：是一个下雪天！ snow雪（动词或名词）；snowy下雪的（形容词）；snows下雪（第三人称单数形式）。位于名词前，因此应使用形容词修饰限定。故选B。 8．句意：但是我们应该穿上带有帽子和手套的暖和的衣服。 on在上面；from来自；with带有。根据语境可知，此处表示衣服上带有帽子和手套，表示伴随。故选C。 9．句意：我们通常会堆雪人或者打雪仗。 snowmen雪人（名词复数）；snowman雪人（名词单数）；snowman’s雪人的（名词所有格）。build snowmen表示“堆雪人”，名词前没有不定冠词，因此用名词复数。故选A。 10．句意：如果风吹得很大，我们需要待在家里。 heavily重地（副词）；heavy重的（形容词）；heavier更重的（形容词比较级）。此处使用副词修饰动词“blows”，且不含比较意义。故选A。 B.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项填空。 Weather 1 a great effect on our daily activities. 2 a rainy day, people may feel sleepy or stay indoors. Besides, seasonal changes 3 our moods and choices. For example, in summer, many people prefer 4 or cycling, while in winter, they enjoy hot drinks and reading at home. The weatherman on TV tries 5 the weather for the next few days. However, extreme weather events like storms or heatwaves are hard 6 exactly. Now, with the help of weather apps on our phones, we can search for real-time weather updates. An app can display hourly temperature, wind speed, and even air quality. I remember last year, before our school trip, I 7 the weather forecast several times. My mother told me, “You 8 always check the app before going out.” So I did. The app showed it would rain, so we took umbrellas. 9 , we enjoyed the trip without getting wet. Learning to predict weather is a 10 skill for our lives. It helps us plan better and stay safe. 1．A．have B．has C．having 2．A．In B．On C．At 3．A．affect B．effect C．affects 4．A．swim B．to swim C．swimming 5．A．predict B．predicting C．to predict 6．A．predict B．to predict C．predicting 7．A．checked B．have checked C．had checked 8．A．can B．should C．might 9．A．Besides B．Because C．Although 10．A．preparatory B．prepare C．prepared 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了天气对我们日常活动、情绪和选择的影响，以及天气预报工具的作用，并强调了学习预测天气对生活的重要性。 1．句意：天气对我们的日常活动有很大的影响。 主语Weather是不可数名词，句子陈述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，has是have的第三人称单数，符合主谓一致。 2．句意：在下雨天，人们可能会感到困倦或待在家里。 具体某一天的上午、下午或有形容词修饰，用介词on。In用于月份/年份/季节；At用于具体时间点，均不符合。 3．句意：此外，季节变化会影响我们的情绪和选择。 主语changes是复数，谓语动词应用原形。affect意为“影响”，符合语境。effect是名词，affects是第三人称单数，均不符合。 4．句意：例如，在夏天，许多人更喜欢游泳或骑自行车。 prefer doing sth是固定搭配，意为“更喜欢做某事”。swimming是动名词，符合搭配。 5．句意：电视上的天气预报员试图预测未来几天的天气。 try to do sth努力/尽力去做某事，try doing sth试着做某事。天气预报员的工作是努力、尽力去预测天气，是他们的本职任务，需要付出专业努力来完成，所以填动词不定式作宾语。 6．句意：然而，像风暴或热浪这样的极端天气事件很难被精确预测。 be hard to do sth是固定句型，意为“做某事很难”，所以填动词不定式to predict。 7．句意：我记得去年，在学校旅行之前，我查看天气预报好几次。 时间状语last year表示过去，且“before our school trip”动作发生在过去，应用过去完成时强调“过去的过去”。had checked是过去完成时，符合语法。 8．句意：你出门前应该总是查看一下天气应用。 should表示建议，意为“应该”，符合妈妈对孩子的嘱咐。can“能够”，might“可能”，均不符合。 9．句意：而且，我们没有淋湿，享受了这次旅行。 此处表示顺承、补充说明，意为“而且”，应填Besides。Because表原因；Although表让步，均不符合。 10．句意：学习预测天气是我们生活中的一项需要提前准备的技能。 空处修饰名词skill，应填形容词，preparatory意为“准备的，预备的”，修饰skill，意为“需要提前准备的技能”。prepare是动词；prepared作形容词时，不用于名词前。 C.根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 It is a 1 afternoon. Dark clouds gather over the land. Lily and her friend Tom are walking home from school. Suddenly, they see a flash of scary 2 . “Look at the clouds in the sky!” Tom shouts. Thinking of the heavy rain, Lily feels worried. “Let’s hurry!” she says. However, 3 they start running, heavy rain begins to fall. The wind blows strongly, and Lily holds her umbrella 4 both hands. “Tom, wait for me!” Lily calls, but the rain is 5 loud that Tom cannot hear her. They try to find a place 6 . Finally, they see a small shop and rush inside 7 . Lily’s clothes are wet, and Tom notices 8 backpack is open. “Oh no! My notebook is missing!” Tom says. Lily feels sorry because this is the 9 time they forget to check the weather report. “Next time, we’ll check the weather report before 10 out!” Lily says. They laugh and wait for the rain to stop. 1．A．cloudy B．rainy C．snowy 2．A．lightning B．wind C．sunshine 3．A．before B．when C．because 4．A．about B．with C．on 5．A．very B．such C．so 6．A．hide B．hiding C．to hide 7．A．safe B．safely C．safety 8．A．he B．his C．him 9．A．one B．first C．once 10．A．goes B．going C．to go 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了一个阴天的下午，莉莉和汤姆放学回家途中遭遇雷雨，匆忙躲雨时汤姆丢失了笔记本，两人决定下次出门前先查看天气预报。 1．句意：这是一个多云的下午。 根据后文“Dark clouds gather”及即将下雨但尚未下雨的语境，cloudy“多云的”符合；rainy“下雨的”与下文“大雨开始下”冲突，因为此时雨未下；snowy“下雪的”与闪电、大雨不符。 2．句意：突然，他们看到一道可怕的闪电。 根据上下文“乌云、即将下大雨”的场景，flash常与lightning搭配表示“闪电”；wind“风”不与flash搭配；sunshine“阳光”与scary矛盾。 3．句意：然而，就在他们开始跑的时候，大雨开始下。 空后为时间状语从句，表示“正当……时” 用 when；before“在……之前”逻辑相反；because“因为”不表示时间关系。 4．句意：莉莉用双手紧紧握住她的伞。 with both hands“用双手”，表示方式；about“关于”不符；on“在……上”搭配不当。 5．句意：雨声太大，以至于汤姆听不见她。 so...that...“如此……以至于……”，固定结构；very不能与that连用；such后需接名词，而此处为形容词loud。 6．句意：他们试图找一个地方躲起来。 不定式to hide作定语修饰place，表示“躲藏的地方”；hide原形不能直接作后置定语；hiding需构成“a hiding place”语序不同。 7．句意：他们看到一家小店，安全地冲了进去。 空处修饰动词rush，需用副词。safely“安全地” 副词，符合；safe形容词不能修饰动词；safety名词不能作状语。 8．句意：汤姆注意到他的背包是开着的。 空后有名词backpack，需用形容词性物主代词修饰。his“他的”符合；he主格；him宾格，均不能修饰名词。 9．句意：莉莉感到难过，因为这是他们第一次忘记查看天气预报。 the first time“第一次”，固定搭配；one time“一次”无“首次”含义；once“曾经”不能与the连用。 10．句意：下次出门前我们会查看天气预报。 before是介词，后接动名词going；goes第三人称单数；to go不定式，介词后不接不定式。 选词填空 A.根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 注意：每个单词或短语只能用一次，有一个单词或短语是多余的。 A．kinds    B．different    C． sad    D．changes Different weather makes people feel 1 . It influences (影响) people’s health and feelings. In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there have heart trouble and other 2 of health problems during this month. In the Northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. People in these places have more heart trouble after the weather 3 in February or March. A．should    B．stronger    C． may    D．weather Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter 4 be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold during these months. They might feel unhappy during cold 5 . But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. At about 18℃, people become 6 . 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．D 6．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了不同天气对人们健康和情绪的影响。 1．句意：不同的天气让人们感觉不同。根据“Different weather makes people feel...It influences (影响) people’s health and feelings”和备选词可知，不同的天气，人们的感受是不同的，选项B“不同的”符合语境。故选B。 2．句意：那里的人们在这个月会有心脏病和其他种类的健康问题。根据“heart trouble and other...of health problems”可知，此处指不同种类的健康问题，other kinds of表示“其他种类的”，选项A“种类”符合语境。故选A。 3．句意：这些地方的人在二、三月天气变化后更容易患心脏病。根据“it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times”可知，天气在冷热之间发生变化，选项D“变化”符合语境。故选D。 4．句意：冬天可能是瘦人不好过的时节。根据“be a bad time for thin people”可知，此处是对冬天影响的推测，may be表示“可能是”，选项C“可能”符合语境。故选C。 5．句意：在寒冷的天气期间，他们可能会感到不开心。根据“Winter”和“feel cold”可知，此处指寒冷的天气，选项D“天气”符合语境。故选D。 6．句意：在18℃左右，人们变得更强壮。根据语境，18℃是适宜的温度，此时人们的状态更佳，stronger表示“更强壮的”，符合人们在舒适温度下的状态，选项B“更强壮的”符合语境。故选B。 B.根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 注意：每个单词或短语只能用一次，有一个单词或短语是多余的。 A．appearance    B．save    C． accurately    D．plan     E. warn From the hunters and gatherers of ancient times to today’s pilots and farmers, predicting the weather can make the difference between success and failure. Humans have long tried to predict the weather 1 . Weather forecasts also save lives. They help sailors stay safe at sea, and help officials 2 people about storms. Nowadays, the methods are very high-tech but in the past people studied birds, cows and insects for clues as to what might happen. In 650 BC the Babylonians (巴比伦人) tried to predict the weather based on the 3 of clouds and other things such as halos (光晕). By 300 BC in China, a calendar had been developed that divided the year into 24 festivals, each festival connected with a type of weather. This was useful for farmers to 4 when to plant seeds and harvest their crops. A．invention    B．if    C． nearby   D．process    E. affect People have used a lot of ways to predict the weather over the years. Some studied the smoke from their fire or mist (薄雾) on 5 hills. Both of them could 6 the weather. The smoke would show wind direction and the mist would show how much water vapour was in the air. On the other hand, some thought that 7 sheep huddled (蜷缩) together or cats groomed (理毛) themselves carefully, it meant rain. The science of weather forecasting really took off in the 1830s with the 8 of the telegraph. This is a device that can send messages by wire over long distances, and it meant people could send each other weather data. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．E 7．B 8．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了天气预报的作用及古往今来人们预测天气的方法。 1．句意：长期以来，人类一直试图准确地预测天气。空格处应填一个副词修饰动词“predict”，结合“Humans have long tried to predict the weather”及备选词汇可知，此处是指准确地预测天气，accurately“准确地”。故选C。 2．句意：他们帮助水手在海上保持安全，并帮助官员在风暴中拯救人们。根据前文“Weather forecasts also save lives.”可知，此处是指拯救人们，save“拯救”。故选B。 3．句意：公元前650年，巴比伦人试图根据云和光环等其他事物的出现来预测天气。根据空后“of clouds and other things such as halos (光晕)”及备选词汇可知，此处是指根据云和和光环等其他事物的出现来预测天气，appearance“出现”。故选A。 4．句意：这对农民计划何时播种和收获庄稼很有用。根据下文“when to plant seeds and harvest their crops”可知，此处是指计划何时播种和收获庄稼，plan“计划”。故选D。 5．句意：一些人研究它们的火产生的烟或附近山上的雾。根据空后名词“hills”可知，空格处应填一个形容词作定语，结合语境及备选词汇可知，此处是指附近的山，nearby“附近的”。故选C。 6．句意：两者都可能影响天气。根据空前情态动词“could”可知，此处应用动词原形，结合前文“Some studied the smoke from their fire or mist (薄雾) on ... hills.”及备选词汇可知，此处是指烟和雾都可能影响天气，affect“影响”。故选E。 7．句意：另一方面，有些人认为，如果羊挤在一起，或者猫仔细梳理自己，这意味着下雨。空格处引导宾语从句，根据“sheep huddled (蜷缩) together or cats groomed (理毛) themselves carefully, it meant rain.”及备选词汇可知，此处应用if引导条件状语从句，if“如果”。故选B。 8．句意：天气预报科学在19世纪30年代随着电报的发明而真正腾飞。根据空后“of the telegraph”及备选词汇可知，此处是指电报的发明，invention“发明”。故选A。 C.根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 注意：每个单词或短语只能用一次，有一个单词或短语是多余的。 A．bad   B．changes   C． nice   D．storms Weather affects (影响) our life, like what we do and wear. In the past, people studied it by looking at 1 in nature. They could know about weather with clouds by reading their sizes, and shapes. For example, fish-scale (鱼鳞) clouds mean that the weather will soon turn 2 with rain and wind. Dark clouds mean that 3 will come soon. A．carefully   B．different   C． falls   D．easily The Chinese calendar tells us the secrets of weather, too. It helps farmers know when to plant and harvest (收割). For example, Jingzhe often 4 in March in China and it marks the beginning of warm weather with rain and thunder. It is the time for farmers to plant seeds in their fields. Wind vanes (风向标) on buildings show wind directions. Ancient ones had birds or dragons on the top, and now there are more 5 designs. Today, we can 6 check the weather on apps or websites. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．D 【导语】本文讲述了天气对生活的影响，介绍了过去人们通过自然变化了解天气，还提及中国历法、风向标等，以及如今便捷查看天气的方式。 1．句意：在过去，人们通过观察自然界的变化来研究天气。根据“In the past, people studied it by looking at...in nature.”可知，这里说的是过去人们研究天气的方式，是通过观察自然界的一些现象，“changes”意为“变化”，符合语境，故选B。 2．句意：例如，鱼鳞云意味着天气很快会变差，伴有风雨。根据“fish-scale (鱼鳞) clouds mean that the weather will soon turn...with rain and wind.”可知，后面提到有风雨，说明天气是往不好的方向转变，“bad”意为“坏的，糟糕的”，符合语义。故选A。 3．句意：乌云意味着暴风雨很快就要来了。根据“Dark clouds mean that...will come soon.”可知，乌云通常预示着不好的天气，“storms”意为“暴风雨”，符合常识和语境。故选D。 4．句意：例如，在中国，惊蛰通常在三月来临，它标志着温暖多雨且伴有雷声的天气的开始。根据“Jingzhe often...in March in China and it marks the beginning of warm weather with rain and thunder.”可知，这里说惊蛰这个节气在三月出现，“falls”有“来临，降临”的意思，符合语境。故选C。 5．句意：古代的风向标顶部有鸟或龙，现在有更多不同的设计。根据“Ancient ones had birds or dragons on the top, and now there are more...designs.”可知，这里是将古代和现在的风向标设计进行对比，现在的设计和古代不一样，“different”意为“不同的”，符合语境。故选B。 6．句意：如今，我们可以很容易地在应用程序或网站上查看天气。根据“Today, we can...check the weather on apps or websites.”可知，现在通过应用程序或网站查看天气很便捷，“easily”意为“容易地”，符合语境。故选D。 完形填空 Choose the best answer and complete the passage (A) Do you know London? It is a beautiful 1 . It lies in the south of England. The city has 2 parts: the South and the North. There 3 many famous buildings, shops, big parks and interesting places. The weather in London is good. In winter it is not very cold and in summer it is not very hot. Why does London have such good weather? That’s because the city is near the sea. But London is a foggy city and it often has 4 days. The people there often go out with an umbrella. I am in London now. Today, I meet thick fog. I can’t see anything 5 . Cars and buses move along with their lights on. In the evening, the weather becomes even worse. The fog is so thick that all the buses and cars stop. I have to 6 to my office on time because I have an important meeting. However, I can’t find a bus, a car or a taxi. In the end, I have to get there by taxi. 1．A．village B．town C．city D．country 2．A．two B．four C．three D．one 3．A．have B．has C．are D．is 4．A．sunny B．windy C．rainy D．snowy 5．A．early B．late C．quietly D．clearly 6．A．get B．arrive C．reach D．leave 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．D 6．A 【导语】本文介绍了伦敦冬暖夏凉和多雾的特点，结合自己的经历说明了大雾对人们出行的重要影响。 1．句意：它是一座漂亮的城市。 village村庄；town城镇；city城市；country国家。根据“Do you know London”可知伦敦是一个城市，故选C。 2．句意：这座城市有两部分；南部和北部。 two二；four四；three三；one一。根据“the South and the North”可是，是有两部分，故选A。 3．句意：有许多著名的建筑、商店、大型公园和有趣的地方。 have有，动词原形；has有，动词三单形式；are是，主语是复数形式；is是，主语是单数形式。此处是there be结构，表示“某地有某物”，“buildings”是复数形式，be动词用are，故选C。 4．句意：但是伦敦是一个多雾的城市，而且经常下雨。 sunny晴朗的；windy多风的；rainy多雨的；snowy多雪的。根据“The people there often go out with an umbrella”可知，经常下雨所以要带着雨伞，故选C。 5． 句意：我什么都看不清楚。 early早；late迟地；quietly安静地；clearly清楚地。根据“Today, I meet thick fog”可知，雾很大所以看不清，故选D。 6．句意：我必须准时到办公室，因为我有一个重要的会议。 get得到；arrive到达；reach到达；leave离开。根据“to my office on time”可知是按时到达办公室，get to“到达”，故选A。 (B) More accurate forecasts 1 weather forecasts have become more reliable, there is still a need for greater accuracy. Better forecasts could save industries across the world many billions of dollars each year. Better frost predictions, for example, could save fruit growers millions of dollars each year. Fruits such as oranges are very vulnerable to frost—they die in cold, wet weather. With more accurate frost forecasts, fruit farmers could plant when they know the tender seedlings (幼苗) wouldn’t be 2 by frost. More accurate rain forecasts would enable farmers to plan timely irrigation schedules and avoid floods. Imperfect weather forecasts 3 construction companies to waste both time and money. A construction foreman might call his crew in to work, only to have it rain when the crew can’t work. A (n) 4 cold weather could ruin a freshly poured concrete foundation (混凝土地基). Power companies would also benefit from accurate forecasts. They adjust their systems when they expect extreme temperatures because people will use their air conditioning more on these days. If the forecast predicts a hot, humid day and it turns out to be cool, the power company 5 money. The extra electricity or gas it bought doesn’t get used. Responding to such 6 , meteorologists are working to develop new tools and new methods that will improve their ability to forecast the weather. 1．A．As B．Unless C．After D．Although 2．A．saved B．killed C．planted D．grown 3．A．encourage B．enable C．push D．cause 4．A．unexpected B．predicted C．accurate D．timely 5．A．saves B．loses C．gets D．makes 6．A．information B．weather C．needs D．money 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了天气预报的准确性对各个行业的重要性，并指出提高预报准确性可以节省大量成本。 1．句意：尽管天气预报变得更加可靠，但仍需要更高的准确性。 As因为；Unless除非；After在……之后；Although尽管。根据“weather forecasts have become more reliable”和“there is still a need for greater accuracy”可知，前后分句为让步关系，即：虽然天气预报很准确，但是仍然需要更高的准确性，故选D。 2．句意：有了更准确的霜冻预报，果农就可以在知道幼嫩的幼苗不会被霜冻冻死的情况下进行种植。 saved拯救；killed杀死；planted种植；grown成长。根据“they die in cold, wet weather”可知，霜冻会导致幼苗死亡，故选B。 3．句意：不完美的天气预报会导致建筑公司浪费时间和金钱。 encourage鼓励；enable使能够；push推动；cause导致。根据“waste both time and money”可知，不完美的预报导致浪费时间和金钱，故选D。 4．句意：意外的寒冷天气可能会毁掉刚浇筑的混凝土地基。 unexpected意外的；predicted预测的；accurate准确的；timely及时的。根据“A construction foreman might call his crew in to work, only to have it rain when the crew can’t work.”可知，此处指意外的天气，故选A。 5．句意：如果天气预报预测当天天气炎热潮湿，但结果天气凉爽，电力公司就会亏钱。 saves节省；loses亏损；gets得到；makes赚钱。根据“The extra electricity or gas it bought doesn’t get used.”可知，电力公司会亏损，故选B。 6．句意：针对这些需求，气象学家正在努力开发新的工具和方法，以提高天气预报的能力。 information信息；weather天气；needs需求；money金钱。根据“improve their ability to forecast the weather”可知，气象学家是为了满足需求，故选C。 (C) A typhoon is a very strong storm. The wind can 1 at 250 kilometres every hour or more. Sometimes there is a lot of rain, too.                                     A typhoon starts over a warm sea. The winds become 2 .  A typhoon can be about 400 kilometres wide. In 3 the typhoon there is an “eye”. The winds are fastest and strongest around this eye. After a typhoon there is a lot of damage. The winds can pull up trees or lift up cars and boats and throw them a long way. The winds can also destroy houses. There is also usually a lot of rain 4 a typhoon. Sometimes the following rain covers the 5 , and people cannot go outside. A lot of rain can be very dangerous 6 there may also be floods. 1．A．come B．sweep C．take D．blow 2．A．bigger B．stronger C．weaker D．smaller 3．A．the middle of B．front of C．the back of D．the front of 4．A．before B．after C．when D．as 5．A．roads B．plants C．houses D．everything 6．A．so B．but C．because D．when 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了台风的相关知识。 1．句意：风力时速可达250公里或更高。 come来；sweep扫；take拿；blow吹。根据“A typhoon is a very strong storm.”可知，此处指风速，使用动词blow。故选D。 2．句意：风变得更强了。 bigger更大的；stronger更强的；weaker更弱的；smaller更小的。根据“A typhoon can be about 400 kilometres wide...The winds are fastest and strongest around this eye.”可知一开始，风会变得更强。故选B。 3．句意：台风中间有一只“眼睛”。 the middle of……的中间；front of……的前面；the back of……的后面；the front of……的前面。根据“the typhoon there is an ‘eye’. The winds are fastest and strongest around this eye.”可知，台风的中心是最强的，此处指in the middle of“在……中间”。故选A。 4．句意：台风过后通常也会下很多雨。 before在……之前；after在……之后；when当……时；as当……时。根据“There is also usually a lot of rain...a typhoon”结合常识可知，台风过后一般会下雨。故选B。 5．句意：有时，雨会覆盖了道路，人们无法外出。 roads路；plants植物；houses房子；everything任何事物。根据“people cannot go outside”可知，此处应该指道路，故选A。 6．句意：大量降雨可能非常危险，因为可能还会发生洪水。 so所以；but但是；because因为；when当……时。根据“A lot of rain can be very dangerous...there may also be floods.”可知，空后为原因，使用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。 阅读理解 Reading comprehension (A) Pleasant Days in Britain In Britain, winter is not very cold and summer is not very hot. There is not a great difference between summer and winter. Why is this? Because it is an island country. In winter, the winds from the sea bring warm air to it. And in summer, the winds from the sea bring cool air to it. _______________________ Summer is the best time for visitors to go to the beaches or other places of interest in Britain. The weather is sunny and nice. People often go out to have a picnic or swim. In summer, the days are longer. There are more than 16 hours of daylight in the middle of summer. The climate (气候) is usually warm in summer. It is sometimes hot, but it is not often very hot. Cool Days in Winter In winter, it gets colder in Britain. There is also very heavy wind in this season. So don’t forget to bring warm clothes with you when coming out. December, January and February are the winter months. In winter, the days are short and the nights are long. There is only about 8 hours of daylight. 1．In which subject at school can you learn about the above information? A．SCIENCE. B．HISTORY. C．GEOGRAPHY. D．PE. 2．The underlined word “this” refers to “________”. A．because it is an island country B．because there is an island in Britain C．the winds from the sea bring cool air to Britain D．the weather in summer and winter is of little difference 3．The best heading for the second piece of news would be ________. A．Great Days on the Beach B．Hot Days in Summer C．Long Daylight in Summer D．Warm Days in Summer 4．What can we know from the above news? A．Winter is very cold and summer is not very hot in Britain. B．In winter, the winds from the sea bring cool air to Britain. C．There are less than 16 hours of daylight in summer. D．In Britain’s February, there are only about 8 hours of daylight. 5．All the news above ________. A．introduces an island country B．tells the writer’s experience C．describes the climate in Britain D．shows the best time to visit Britain 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国的气候特点，包括冬夏温差小、夏季与冬季的天气状况及日照时长。 1．全文围绕英国的气候、季节特点展开，这类内容通常在地理课上学习。 2．第一段提到：“In Britain, winter is not very cold and summer is not very hot. There is not a great difference between summer and winter. Why is this?”，句中的“this”指代的是“冬夏天气差异不大”这一现象。 3．第二段介绍了英国夏季的天气温暖宜人、适合出游，“Warm Days in Summer”最能概括段落主旨，应为本段的最佳标题。 4．第三段提到：“December, January and February are the winter months. In winter, the days are short and the nights are long. There are only about 8 hours of daylight.”，说明二月(冬季)的日照时长约为8小时。 5．全文介绍了英国的冬夏气候、天气特点与日照时长，核心内容是描述英国的气候。 (B) How do you know about the weather this week? Is it rainy, cloudy, windy, sunny…? Do you know it by listening to the radio, using the Internet or watching TV? We can know it by watching some animals too. They can know the change of the weather easily and do something to prepare for the bad weather. It is easy for bees to know the change of the weather in a short time because they can “talk” to others by dancing and a lot of bees can live very well with each other. But do you know why bees don’t go out on rainy days? ________ So now you may know this saying well, “If bees fly away, fine will be the day.” We can also know the coming of the rain by other animals. It’s really interesting, isn’t it? Learn more and know more from now on. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．People can know the weather by ________ according to the passage. ①listening to the radio    ②using the Internet    ③watching TV ④watching animals    ⑤reading a newspaper A．①②③④ B．①②③④⑤ C．①②③ D．①②④ 2．What does the underlined word “They” refer to? A．People. B．Animals. C．Books. D．Clouds. 3．What can we know from the passage? A．Bees like to dance in the rain. B．The writer doesn’t like watching TV. C．If bees are at home and don’t go out, rain is coming. D．The writer doesn’t want to learn about the weather. 4．Which sentence can be put in the ________? A．Because they don’t like sunny weather. B．Because they don’t find their home. C．Because they may get hurt (受伤的) in the rain. D．Because they may die (死亡) in the rain. 5．What is this passage mainly about? A．We can know the weather by watching animals. B．Dancing is a special way for bees to talk with each other. C．We will learn more about bees by watching them carefully. D．We can’t tell the weather by watching what bees are doing. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了可以通过观察动物了解天气变化，重点介绍了蜜蜂感知天气的方式以及相关天气俗语，还提到也能通过其他动物预判下雨。 1．第一段指出了解天气的方式：“Do you know it by listening to the radio, using the Internet or watching TV? We can know it by watching some animals too”，说明人们可以通过听广播、上网、看电视、观察动物了解天气。 2．第一段指代说明：“They can know the change of the weather easily and do something to prepare for the bad weather”，此处“They”指代动物，动物能轻易感知天气变化并为坏天气做准备。 3．第二段和文中俗语表明：“If bees fly away, fine will be the day”，能推断出蜜蜂待在家里不外出时，雨天就要来临。 4．第二段空白处逻辑推理：前文提问为什么下雨天蜜蜂不外出，结合生活常识和选项，蜜蜂下雨天不外出是因为可能会在雨中受伤。 5．整篇文章主旨概括：全文围绕通过观察动物来判断天气展开，举例蜜蜂并提及其他动物，主要讲解我们可以通过观察动物知晓天气情况。 (C) Do you know how weather influences our lives? Well, it influences where we go, what we do, and what we wear. And it also influences how we feel and behave. It is a big part of our lives! We often use weather language to describe how we feel. For example, if we are feeling ill, we say we are “under the weather”. If we are feeling stressed and busy, we can say that we are “snowed under”. We use “bad” weather (rainy, cold, etc.) to describe a bad feeling, and “good”weather (sunny, warm, etc.) to describe a good feeling. And that is not all. The weather can even change the way we feel! For example, sunlight helps our body to produce vitamin D (维生素D). This kind of vitamin can improve our feelings. But some parts of the world get less sunlight in winter, so people can feel unusually sad. However, when it is hot, some people may get angry easily too! Scientists are still studying how the weather changes people’s feelings and behaviours (行为). If we spend too much time inside, we can’t get enough fresh air or sunlight. It can make us feel down. It is very important to go outside once in a while, no matter how the weather is, rainy or sunny! 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By listing a number. D．By giving an example. 2．What can sunlight help our body produce? A．Vitamin B． B．Vitamin C． C．Vitamin D． D． Vitamin E. 3．When may people get angry easily according to the passage? A．When it’s rainy. B．When it’s hot. C．When it’s snowy. D．When it’s cold. 4．What are the scientists studying? A．The four seasons. B．Different kinds of vitamins. C．Some parts of the world. D．The influence of the weather on people. 5．What does the writer advise us to do? A．Eat Vitamins. B．Describe the weather. C．Go outside sometimes. D．Know about our feelings. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．C 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了天气对我们有很大的影响。它影响了我们的感受和行为。 1．细节理解题。根据“Do you know how weather influences our lives?”可知，是提问了一个问题开始这篇文章的，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“For example, sunlight helps our body to produce vitamin D.”可知，阳光能帮助我们的身体产生维生素D。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“However, when it is hot, some people may get angry easily too!”可知，当天气热的时候，有些人也很容易生气。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Scientists are still studying how the weather changes people’s feelings and behaviours.”可知，科学家们正在研究天气如何改变人们的感觉和行为。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“It is very important to go outside once in a while, no matter how the weather is, rainy or sunny!”可知，作者建议我们不管天气如何，偶尔出去一次是很重要的。故选C。 试卷第18页，共19页 试卷第1页，共19页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Weather and our lives单元话题阅读套餐练 选材聚焦本单元话题，语篇以不同题型呈现，兼顾多种文本体裁，难度适中。 语法选择 A.根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 It is a sunny day! We can go to a beach to have fun. We should wear 1 T-shirt and shorts. We can eat ice-cream and drink cold juices. Look, I 2 at the beach now. It is a rainy day! We need 3 home. We should wear 4 jackets and use an umbrella. We can’t stay outside 5 it is wet. 6 am I doing now? I am listening to music at home. It is a 7 day! We can go outside. But we should wear warm clothes 8 a hat and gloves. We usually build 9 or have a snowball fight! It is a windy day! If it blows 10 we need to stay at home. We should wear a jacket and fitted (合适的) clothes. We can fly a kite, but we should stay inside. 1．A．the B．an C．a 2．A．sunbathes B．am sunbathing C．is sunbathing 3．A．to go B．go C．going 4．A．us B．we C．our 5．A．when B．and C．because 6．A．How B．What C．Where 7．A．snow B．snowy C．snows 8．A．on B．from C．with 9．A．snowmen B．snowman C．snowman’s 10．A．heavily B．heavy C．heavier B.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项填空。 Weather 1 a great effect on our daily activities. 2 a rainy day, people may feel sleepy or stay indoors. Besides, seasonal changes 3 our moods and choices. For example, in summer, many people prefer 4 or cycling, while in winter, they enjoy hot drinks and reading at home. The weatherman on TV tries 5 the weather for the next few days. However, extreme weather events like storms or heatwaves are hard 6 exactly. Now, with the help of weather apps on our phones, we can search for real-time weather updates. An app can display hourly temperature, wind speed, and even air quality. I remember last year, before our school trip, I 7 the weather forecast several times. My mother told me, “You 8 always check the app before going out.” So I did. The app showed it would rain, so we took umbrellas. 9 , we enjoyed the trip without getting wet. Learning to predict weather is a 10 skill for our lives. It helps us plan better and stay safe. 1．A．have B．has C．having 2．A．In B．On C．At 3．A．affect B．effect C．affects 4．A．swim B．to swim C．swimming 5．A．predict B．predicting C．to predict 6．A．predict B．to predict C．predicting 7．A．checked B．have checked C．had checked 8．A．can B．should C．might 9．A．Besides B．Because C．Although 10．A．preparatory B．prepare C．prepared C.根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 It is a 1 afternoon. Dark clouds gather over the land. Lily and her friend Tom are walking home from school. Suddenly, they see a flash of scary 2 . “Look at the clouds in the sky!” Tom shouts. Thinking of the heavy rain, Lily feels worried. “Let’s hurry!” she says. However, 3 they start running, heavy rain begins to fall. The wind blows strongly, and Lily holds her umbrella 4 both hands. “Tom, wait for me!” Lily calls, but the rain is 5 loud that Tom cannot hear her. They try to find a place 6 . Finally, they see a small shop and rush inside 7 . Lily’s clothes are wet, and Tom notices 8 backpack is open. “Oh no! My notebook is missing!” Tom says. Lily feels sorry because this is the 9 time they forget to check the weather report. “Next time, we’ll check the weather report before 10 out!” Lily says. They laugh and wait for the rain to stop. 1．A．cloudy B．rainy C．snowy 2．A．lightning B．wind C．sunshine 3．A．before B．when C．because 4．A．about B．with C．on 5．A．very B．such C．so 6．A．hide B．hiding C．to hide 7．A．safe B．safely C．safety 8．A．he B．his C．him 9．A．one B．first C．once 10．A．goes B．going C．to go 选词填空 A.根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 注意：每个单词或短语只能用一次，有一个单词或短语是多余的。 A．kinds    B．different    C． sad    D．changes Different weather makes people feel 1 . It influences (影响) people’s health and feelings. In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there have heart trouble and other 2 of health problems during this month. In the Northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. People in these places have more heart trouble after the weather 3 in February or March. A．should    B．stronger    C． may    D．weather Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter 4 be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold during these months. They might feel unhappy during cold 5 . But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. At about 18℃, people become 6 . B.根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 注意：每个单词或短语只能用一次，有一个单词或短语是多余的。 A．appearance    B．save    C． accurately    D．plan     E. warn From the hunters and gatherers of ancient times to today’s pilots and farmers, predicting the weather can make the difference between success and failure. Humans have long tried to predict the weather 1 . Weather forecasts also save lives. They help sailors stay safe at sea, and help officials 2 people about storms. Nowadays, the methods are very high-tech but in the past people studied birds, cows and insects for clues as to what might happen. In 650 BC the Babylonians (巴比伦人) tried to predict the weather based on the 3 of clouds and other things such as halos (光晕). By 300 BC in China, a calendar had been developed that divided the year into 24 festivals, each festival connected with a type of weather. This was useful for farmers to 4 when to plant seeds and harvest their crops. A．invention    B．if    C． nearby   D．process    E. affect People have used a lot of ways to predict the weather over the years. Some studied the smoke from their fire or mist (薄雾) on 5 hills. Both of them could 6 the weather. The smoke would show wind direction and the mist would show how much water vapour was in the air. On the other hand, some thought that 7 sheep huddled (蜷缩) together or cats groomed (理毛) themselves carefully, it meant rain. The science of weather forecasting really took off in the 1830s with the 8 of the telegraph. This is a device that can send messages by wire over long distances, and it meant people could send each other weather data. C.根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 注意：每个单词或短语只能用一次，有一个单词或短语是多余的。 A．bad   B．changes   C． nice   D．storms Weather affects (影响) our life, like what we do and wear. In the past, people studied it by looking at 1 in nature. They could know about weather with clouds by reading their sizes, and shapes. For example, fish-scale (鱼鳞) clouds mean that the weather will soon turn 2 with rain and wind. Dark clouds mean that 3 will come soon. A．carefully   B．different   C． falls   D．easily The Chinese calendar tells us the secrets of weather, too. It helps farmers know when to plant and harvest (收割). For example, Jingzhe often 4 in March in China and it marks the beginning of warm weather with rain and thunder. It is the time for farmers to plant seeds in their fields. Wind vanes (风向标) on buildings show wind directions. Ancient ones had birds or dragons on the top, and now there are more 5 designs. Today, we can 6 check the weather on apps or websites. 完形填空 Choose the best answer and complete the passage (A) Do you know London? It is a beautiful 1 . It lies in the south of England. The city has 2 parts: the South and the North. There 3 many famous buildings, shops, big parks and interesting places. The weather in London is good. In winter it is not very cold and in summer it is not very hot. Why does London have such good weather? That’s because the city is near the sea. But London is a foggy city and it often has 4 days. The people there often go out with an umbrella. I am in London now. Today, I meet thick fog. I can’t see anything 5 . Cars and buses move along with their lights on. In the evening, the weather becomes even worse. The fog is so thick that all the buses and cars stop. I have to 6 to my office on time because I have an important meeting. However, I can’t find a bus, a car or a taxi. In the end, I have to get there by taxi. 1．A．village B．town C．city D．country 2．A．two B．four C．three D．one 3．A．have B．has C．are D．is 4．A．sunny B．windy C．rainy D．snowy 5．A．early B．late C．quietly D．clearly 6．A．get B．arrive C．reach D．leave (B) More accurate forecasts 1 weather forecasts have become more reliable, there is still a need for greater accuracy. Better forecasts could save industries across the world many billions of dollars each year. Better frost predictions, for example, could save fruit growers millions of dollars each year. Fruits such as oranges are very vulnerable to frost—they die in cold, wet weather. With more accurate frost forecasts, fruit farmers could plant when they know the tender seedlings (幼苗) wouldn’t be 2 by frost. More accurate rain forecasts would enable farmers to plan timely irrigation schedules and avoid floods. Imperfect weather forecasts 3 construction companies to waste both time and money. A construction foreman might call his crew in to work, only to have it rain when the crew can’t work. A (n) 4 cold weather could ruin a freshly poured concrete foundation (混凝土地基). Power companies would also benefit from accurate forecasts. They adjust their systems when they expect extreme temperatures because people will use their air conditioning more on these days. If the forecast predicts a hot, humid day and it turns out to be cool, the power company 5 money. The extra electricity or gas it bought doesn’t get used. Responding to such 6 , meteorologists are working to develop new tools and new methods that will improve their ability to forecast the weather. 1．A．As B．Unless C．After D．Although 2．A．saved B．killed C．planted D．grown 3．A．encourage B．enable C．push D．cause 4．A．unexpected B．predicted C．accurate D．timely 5．A．saves B．loses C．gets D．makes 6．A．information B．weather C．needs D．money (C) A typhoon is a very strong storm. The wind can 1 at 250 kilometres every hour or more. Sometimes there is a lot of rain, too.                                     A typhoon starts over a warm sea. The winds become 2 .  A typhoon can be about 400 kilometres wide. In 3 the typhoon there is an “eye”. The winds are fastest and strongest around this eye. After a typhoon there is a lot of damage. The winds can pull up trees or lift up cars and boats and throw them a long way. The winds can also destroy houses. There is also usually a lot of rain 4 a typhoon. Sometimes the following rain covers the 5 , and people cannot go outside. A lot of rain can be very dangerous 6 there may also be floods. 1．A．come B．sweep C．take D．blow 2．A．bigger B．stronger C．weaker D．smaller 3．A．the middle of B．front of C．the back of D．the front of 4．A．before B．after C．when D．as 5．A．roads B．plants C．houses D．everything 6．A．so B．but C．because D．when 阅读理解 Reading comprehension (A) Pleasant Days in Britain In Britain, winter is not very cold and summer is not very hot. There is not a great difference between summer and winter. Why is this? Because it is an island country. In winter, the winds from the sea bring warm air to it. And in summer, the winds from the sea bring cool air to it. _______________________ Summer is the best time for visitors to go to the beaches or other places of interest in Britain. The weather is sunny and nice. People often go out to have a picnic or swim. In summer, the days are longer. There are more than 16 hours of daylight in the middle of summer. The climate (气候) is usually warm in summer. It is sometimes hot, but it is not often very hot. Cool Days in Winter In winter, it gets colder in Britain. There is also very heavy wind in this season. So don’t forget to bring warm clothes with you when coming out. December, January and February are the winter months. In winter, the days are short and the nights are long. There is only about 8 hours of daylight. 1．In which subject at school can you learn about the above information? A．SCIENCE. B．HISTORY. C．GEOGRAPHY. D．PE. 2．The underlined word “this” refers to “________”. A．because it is an island country B．because there is an island in Britain C．the winds from the sea bring cool air to Britain D．the weather in summer and winter is of little difference 3．The best heading for the second piece of news would be ________. A．Great Days on the Beach B．Hot Days in Summer C．Long Daylight in Summer D．Warm Days in Summer 4．What can we know from the above news? A．Winter is very cold and summer is not very hot in Britain. B．In winter, the winds from the sea bring cool air to Britain. C．There are less than 16 hours of daylight in summer. D．In Britain’s February, there are only about 8 hours of daylight. 5．All the news above ________. A．introduces an island country B．tells the writer’s experience C．describes the climate in Britain D．shows the best time to visit Britain (B) How do you know about the weather this week? Is it rainy, cloudy, windy, sunny…? Do you know it by listening to the radio, using the Internet or watching TV? We can know it by watching some animals too. They can know the change of the weather easily and do something to prepare for the bad weather. It is easy for bees to know the change of the weather in a short time because they can “talk” to others by dancing and a lot of bees can live very well with each other. But do you know why bees don’t go out on rainy days? ________ So now you may know this saying well, “If bees fly away, fine will be the day.” We can also know the coming of the rain by other animals. It’s really interesting, isn’t it? Learn more and know more from now on. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．People can know the weather by ________ according to the passage. ①listening to the radio    ②using the Internet    ③watching TV ④watching animals    ⑤reading a newspaper A．①②③④ B．①②③④⑤ C．①②③ D．①②④ 2．What does the underlined word “They” refer to? A．People. B．Animals. C．Books. D．Clouds. 3．What can we know from the passage? A．Bees like to dance in the rain. B．The writer doesn’t like watching TV. C．If bees are at home and don’t go out, rain is coming. D．The writer doesn’t want to learn about the weather. 4．Which sentence can be put in the ________? A．Because they don’t like sunny weather. B．Because they don’t find their home. C．Because they may get hurt (受伤的) in the rain. D．Because they may die (死亡) in the rain. 5．What is this passage mainly about? A．We can know the weather by watching animals. B．Dancing is a special way for bees to talk with each other. C．We will learn more about bees by watching them carefully. D．We can’t tell the weather by watching what bees are doing. (C) Do you know how weather influences our lives? Well, it influences where we go, what we do, and what we wear. And it also influences how we feel and behave. It is a big part of our lives! We often use weather language to describe how we feel. For example, if we are feeling ill, we say we are “under the weather”. If we are feeling stressed and busy, we can say that we are “snowed under”. We use “bad” weather (rainy, cold, etc.) to describe a bad feeling, and “good”weather (sunny, warm, etc.) to describe a good feeling. And that is not all. The weather can even change the way we feel! For example, sunlight helps our body to produce vitamin D (维生素D). This kind of vitamin can improve our feelings. But some parts of the world get less sunlight in winter, so people can feel unusually sad. However, when it is hot, some people may get angry easily too! Scientists are still studying how the weather changes people’s feelings and behaviours (行为). If we spend too much time inside, we can’t get enough fresh air or sunlight. It can make us feel down. It is very important to go outside once in a while, no matter how the weather is, rainy or sunny! 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By listing a number. D．By giving an example. 2．What can sunlight help our body produce? A．Vitamin B． B．Vitamin C． C．Vitamin D． D． Vitamin E. 3．When may people get angry easily according to the passage? A．When it’s rainy. B．When it’s hot. C．When it’s snowy. D．When it’s cold. 4．What are the scientists studying? A．The four seasons. B．Different kinds of vitamins. C．Some parts of the world. D．The influence of the weather on people. 5．What does the writer advise us to do? A．Eat Vitamins. B．Describe the weather. C．Go outside sometimes. D．Know about our feelings. 试卷第10页，共11页 试卷第11页，共11页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $