高二下学期期末实战模拟卷四 主题阅读3 人与自然——环境保护-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高二下学期英语期末实战模拟卷

高二下学期期末实战模拟卷四 [主题阅读3]人与自然—环境保护 （时间40分钟，满分50分) I.阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge.We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive()plant removal, winter planting,and seed collection.Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role 在 in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and val- leys. GROUPS Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in ad- vance.Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request 如 Form. AGE,SKILLS,WHAT TO BRING Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome.Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15. Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form.Volunteers under the age of 18 謀 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed. We'll be working rain or shine.Wear clothes that can get dirty.Bring layers for chan- ging weather and a raincoat if necessary. Bring a personal water bottle,sunscreen,and lunch. No experience necessary.Training and tools will be provided.Fulfills()commu- nity service requirements. UPCOMING EVENTS Time Meeting Location Sunday,Jan.15 10:00am-1:00pm Battery Alexander Trailhead 毁 Sunday,Jan.22 10:00 am-2:30 pm Stinson Beach Parking Lot Sunday,Jan.29 9:30 am 一 2:30pm Coyote Ridge Trailhead 1.What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team? A.To discover mineral resources. B.To develop new wildlife parks. 期 C.To protect the local ecosystem. D.To conduct biological research. 2.What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team? 1 1 A.5. B.10. C.15. D.18. ☒ 3.What are the volunteers expected to do? A.Bring their own tools. B.Work even in bad weather. C.Wear a team uniform. D.Do at least three projects. B When she first started learning about the climate change from one of her elders,Fawn Sharp was invited on a helicopter flight over the Olympic Mountains to survey the Mount Anderson glacier.But the glacier was gone,melted by the warming climate.Sharp had a deep sense of loss when she discovered the glacier wasn't there anymore. 英语4-1 Loss is a growing issue for people working and living on the front lines of climate change.And that gave Jennifer Wren Atkinson,a full-time lecturer at the University of Washington Bothell,US,an idea for a class. This term,she taught students on the Bothell campus about the emotional burdens of environmental studies.She used the experiences of Native American tribes(),scientists and activists,and asked her 24 students to face the reality that there is no easy fix-that "this is such an intractable problem that they're going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives.” Student Cody Dillon used to be a climate science skeptic(怀疑论者).Then he did his own reading and research,and changed his mind. Dillon wasn't going into environmental work-he was a computer-science major.Yet, the potential for a worldwide environmental catastrophe seemed so real to him five years ago that he quit his job and became a full-time volunteer for an environmental group that worked on restoration(恢复)projects. Six months into the work,he decided that Atkinson's class was just what he was loo- king for-a place where he could discuss his concerns about a changing climate. Atkinson said she hoped the class helped her students prepare themselves for the amount of environmental loss that will happen over their lifetimes. "We are already changing the planet-so many species are going to be lost,displaced or massively impacted,"she said."The future isn't going to be what they imagined." 4.Why did the author mention the case of Fawn Sharp? A.To lay a basis for Fawn Sharp's further research. B.To prove Fawn Sharp's work is similar to Atkinson's. C.To lead into the issue of loss caused by climate change. D.To show scientists'concern about the Mount Anderson glacier. 5.What's the main purpose of Atkinson's class? A.To explore how different people deal with climate change. B.To get students more concerned about the environmental issue. C.To find solutions to the environmental issue of Olympic Mountains. D.To teach students how to conduct research about environment. 6.Which of the following words best explains "intractable"underlined in Paragraph 3? A.Simple. B.Difficult. C.Common. D.Interesting. 7.How did Atkinson's class influence Dillon? A.It made him work as a part-time volunteer for restoration projects. B.It made him realize a planet-wide climate disaster would happen. C.It encouraged him to be more involved in environmental protection. D.It discouraged him to work on restoration projects for the environment. C Not only does the use of plastic water bottles hurt your wallet,it also increases pollu- tion and wastes energy and water.Only 23%of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin,meaning over $1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year.Recently,Skip- ping Rocks Lab has invented a kind of water bottle called Ooho. It is a convenient,clear water bottle that can either be drunk or eaten.To drink it, you can either peel off the membrane()or tear a hole in the membrane with your teeth to pour the water into your mouth.To eat it,you simply put the whole bottle in your mouth.One problem the scientists have run into is how to ship large amounts of Ooho bub- bles()without arriving with a very wet truck.However,they have attempted to pack- age units of individual bubbles together inside a larger and thicker membrane.It is targe- ting large outdoor events,such as marathons,music festivals,and sporting events,where 英语4-2 tons of plastic bottles are used,and frequently left behind as litter.And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment,which could account for their purpose of such a new invention. The team has been working for the past two years to develop the technology and mate- rials needed to produce Ooho and they have recently applied for a patent for their new ad- vancements.The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet, but they cost about two cents to create a unit,which is cheaper than plastic bottles.It has appeared at events in London,San Francisco,Boston,at conferences,festivals,and S00n. Ooho is catching many people's attention and has raised over $1 million and gained 1,000 investors in only three days.It is mostly being sold at events at the moment to keep the consumer's interest while the production machine is getting up and running.It is quick- ly making a rise,so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future. 8.How is most plastic dealt with in America? A.It's sold. B.It's recycled. C.It's buried. D.It's wasted. 9.Why did the team invent Ooho? A.To protect the environment. B.To make a profit for a company. C.To make people eat as they drink. D.To reduce the cost of plastic bottles. 10.What can we know from Paragraph 3? A.It took the team two years to completely invent Ooho. B.Ooho might be sold at a lower price than plastic bottles. C.The team applied for a patent before the invention began. D.It cost the team a lot of money to develop the technology. 11.What does the author really want to say in the last paragraph? A.Ooho is to be a success in the future. B.Ooho is being supported by smart people. C.Ooho is taking the place of plastic bottles now. D.Ooho is being produced to attract more investors. D Harvard University scientists have developed a durable and economical material that is biodegradable,drawing inspiration from insects'hard outer shells.The inventors of this material suggest it has diverse potential applications and could potentially serve as a greener alternative to plastics in the future.The material,composed of shrimp()shells and pro- teins produced from silk,is called "shrilk".It boasts characteristics such as being light- weight,thin,clear,and tough as nails. One of the key advantages of this material is that it breaks down naturally over time. Back in the 1950s and 1960s,the toughness and flexibility of plastic were a game-changer in the field of materials science.But fast-forward a few decades,it is the very toughness and flexibility of plastic that is raising questions about how appropriate it is for single-use items like shopping bags,or short-term household products,used in the home for a few years before they end up in a dump where they will degrade for centuries.What is the point of making something that lasts 1,000 years? The shrilk's creators are optimistic about its vast potential.The materials used to manufacture shrilk are readily available in nature.They can be found in a wide range of sources including shrimp shells,insect bodies,and living plants.This availability makes the cost of shrilk low and its mass production possible,especially for products that require a significant amount of material. 英语4-3 Work on shrilk is continuing in the lab.The inventors said the material becomes flexi- ble when wet,so they're exploring ways to use it in wet environments.They're also devel- oping simpler production processes,which could be used for non-medical products,like for computer cases and other household products.They're even exploring,combining it with other materials like carbon fibers,to give it new properties. 12.Paragraph 1 of the passage is mainly about shrilk's A.remarkable design B.interesting name C.major features D.basic elements 13.Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word "degrade"in Paragraph 2? A.Protect. B.Build up. C.Break down. D.Destroy. 14.According to the inventors,shrilk has great potential partly because A.it can help plastic degrade B.it can be found in living things C.its mass production has been realized D.its raw materials are plentiful in nature 15.Which of the following would be the most suitable title for this text? A.A Possible Alternative Plastic B.The Harm of One-time Products C.Benefits of Insects in Scientific Research D.Recent Progress in Environment Protection Ⅱ.阅读填句（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Leave-No-Trace Camping For those of us who love spending time in the great outdoors,wild spaces are very special.These are places we visit to recharge,or to fill our hearts with natural beauty.1 If you feel this way,then you're the perfect person to promote and practice Leave-No-Trace camping. Its principles are to treat the wilderness the way a decent visitor would and leave eve- rything just as you found it,with no evidence that you passed through.2 That's be- cause your visit makes a minimal impact on the environment. You can carry out these ideals in a number of ways.Begin by packing out all your lit- ter.Whenever you go camping,take an empty trash bag with you and put all garbage into the bag.In addition,try not to damage vegetation.3 Wherever you go,think about 烯 what your heavy shoes or boots are doing to the plants underneath and try to keep damage to a minimum. It's also important that you should not take things away from the wilderness.Rocks, plants,flowers and seashells are all part of the natural landscape.4 Plus,many ani- mals find homes and food in abandoned shells and flower-heads,and these are things they would miss if you collected them. Leave-No-Trace camping is about being respectful and thoughtful.It's about honoring the natural world and the creatures that live in it.If you love seeing an untouched mountain stream or a lovely field of wildflowers,then you've already taken the first step.5 A.This means not stepping into a wild animal's space. B.This is also called“low impact”or“no impact”camping. C.Once taken away,they won't be there for others to enjoy. D.An increasing number of people take up camping in the wilderness. E.When you put up your tent,try to find a place that's already bare of plants. F.We hate to see them littered with rubbish or any reminders of previous visitors. G.Follow these basic practices and you can be models of the Leave-No-Trace philosophy. 英语4-48.which[考查定语从句。句意：在另一篇论文中，爱因斯 坦提出了“狭义相对论”，它改变了科学家们对能量和物 质的看法。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词he Special Theory of Relativity,且关系词在从句中作主语， 指物，故应用关系代词which。] 9.to build[考查非谓语动词。句意：第二次世界大战期 间，爱因斯坦建议美国制造核武器。advise sb.todo sth.“建议某人做某事”。] l0.be needed[考查被动语态。句意：他认为可能需要这 些武器来打败纳粹。设空处在宾语从句中作谓语，与 主语weapons构成被动关系，might后跟动词原形。故 填be needed。] Ⅲ.[参考范文] Lin Qiaozhi,known as the "mother of ten thousand babies",was a famous doctor who won respect from all the Chinese people. She was born in 1901 in Fujian Province when girls seldom received an education.Facing great difficulties,Lin Qiaozhi chose to study medicine when she was 18 years old.In 1929,Lin graduated from university and realized her dream of becoming a doctor.After that,she went to England for further study in 1932.When studying abroad, 高二下学期期 答案 I.1-5CBBCB 6-10BCDAB A[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参 加保护当地生态系统的栖息地恢复小组的时间地，点等相 关细节。 l.C[细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge.We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive(侵入的)plant removal,winter planting,and seed collection.Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive re- sources and protecting endangered species across the rid- ges and valleys..(帮助恢复和保护从马林海岬到波利纳 斯岭的马林海的自然区域。我们将探索美丽的公园场 地，同时进行入侵植物清除、冬季种植和种子收集。栖 息地恢复小组的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和 山谷中的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用。)”可 知，栖息地恢复小组的目的是保护当地生态系统。] 2.B[细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome.(欢迎l0岁及以上的志愿者。)”可 知，参加栖息地恢复小组的最低年龄限制是10岁。] 3.B[细节理解题。根据文章第五段“We''ll be working rain or shine.(我们将风雨无阻地工作。)”可知，身为志 愿者，即使天气不好也要工作。] B.[语篇解读]Fawn Sharp通过一次搭乘直升机飞行的 经历认识到了冰川融化的严重性，同时Jennifer Wren At kinson给学生开设了课程，教学生如何面对气候变化，她的 课程让很多学生关注环境问题。 4.C[推理判断题。通读第一段可知，Fawn Sharp在一次 直升机飞行中意识到气候变化导致了冰川融化；由此可 推知，作者在第一段中提及Fawn Sharp的例子是为了引 出下文气候变化导致环境问题的话题，故选C。] 5 she gave up the chance to stay abroad.In her life,she de- livered over 50,000 babies.When she died in 1983,she left her savings to a kindergarten. Such was Lin Qiaozhi,a woman inspiring others to make a difference V.[参考范文] One day,walking through town,I found some white cotton bags in a store window.What interesting canvases they could be!I bought a few and began painting on them. And since then everything had started to change.There was no shortage of inspiration as I held my brush.My mother sent some of my pieces to her friends.She came home with the proudest smile and told me that they all liked them.Seeing others'appreciation on my art made me feel never frustrated. The next month,Charlie and I visited the Louvre Museum in Paris.Of course we took along my cotton bag. For two hours,we wandered in the museum.There was so much to see,including the Mona Lisa.But every few mi- nutes,somebody stopped me.They asked me where they could buy that bag.I had to tell them it was my work.It may not be a Mona Lisa,but that doesn't matter. 天实战模拟卷四 速查 11-15 ACCDAⅡ.1-5 FBECG 5.B[细节理解题。根据第三段可知，她给学生讲环境研 究的情感压力，她让她的24个学生面对没有简单的解决 方法这个事实—这是“一个如此困难的问题以至于学 生们将用他们的余生来解决它。”由此可知，Atkinson的 课程目的是让学生们更加关注环境问题，故选B。 6.B[词义猜测题。根据上文可知，Atkinson用美洲土著 部落、科学家以及积极分子们的经历让她的24个学生面 对没有简单的解决方法这个事实，并结合该句“this is such an intractable problem that they're going to be deal- ing with it for the rest of their lives”可知，这是一个如此 困难的问题以至于学生们将用他们的余生来解决它，故 选B。] 7.C[推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Six months into the work...discuss his concerns about a changing climate." 可知，Dillon在环保组织做了六个月志愿者之后，他认为 在Atkinson的课堂上他可以讨论他对气候变化的担忧； 由此可推知，Atkinson的课程鼓励Dillon参与环境保 护，故选C。] C.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Skip ping Rocks实验室发明的新型环保储水容器Ooho,它是一 个能携带液体资源的球面薄膜，它的制作成本很低，坚韧 且环保、可生物降解而且可食用。 8.D[细节理解题。根据第一段“Only23%of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin,meaning over $1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year. 美国，只有23%的塑料最终进入了回收箱，这意味着每 年有价值超过10亿美元的塑料被当作垃圾处理。)”可 知，在美国，只有23%的塑料资源被回收利用，大部分的 塑料都被当作垃圾扔掉了，被浪费了，故选D。] 9.AL细节理解题。根据第一段“Not only does the use of plastic water bottles hurt your wallet,it also increa- ses..a kind of water bottle called Ooho.”和第二段 "And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environ- ment,which could account for their purpose of such a new invention.(太多的塑料肯定会对环境造成危害，这 可以解释他们发明这种新产品的目的。)”可知，Skipping Rocks实验室发明新型环保的储水容器Ooho是为了保 护环境。] l0.B[推理判断题。根据第三段“The price for an indi- vidual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet, but they cost about two cents to create a unit,which is cheaper than plastic bottles.(单个水泡或单位水泡的价 格尚未确定，但制造一个单位的成本约为2美分，比塑料 瓶便宜。)”可知，制造储水容器O0h0的成本比塑料矿泉 水瓶低得多，因此可以推断出其市场售价可能会比塑料 瓶低，故选B。] 1l.AL推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ooho is catching many people's attention and...for these bottles of the future.(Ooho吸引了很多人的注意，在短短三天内就筹 集了100多万美元，吸引了1000名投资者。目前，它主 要是在活动中出售，以便在生产机器启动和运行时保持 消贵者的兴趣。它正在迅速崛起，所以今年请关注这些 未来的瓶子。)”可知，许多投资商看好储水容器Ooho的 市场前景，作者也相信它一定会成功的，故选A。] D.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一 种名叫shrilk的新型材料，主要包括这种材料的特性、潜在 应用以及其作为塑料替代品的潜力。 l2.C[主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Harvard University scientists have developed a durable and...to plastics in the future,.(哈佛大学的科学家从昆虫坚硬的外壳中获 得灵感，开发出一种耐用且经济的可生物降解材料。 这种材料的发明者表示，它有多种潜在的应用，未来可 能会成为塑料的绿色替代品。)”和“It boasts character- istics such as being lightweight,thin,clear,and tough as nails.(它具有轻、薄、透明、坚韧等特，点。)”可知，本 段在介绍虾壳丝的名称由来之外，主要展现的是这种 材料的主要特点。] l3.C[词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文“What is the point of making something that lasts 1,000 years? 造能持续一千年的东西有什么意义？)”可知，塑料能在 自然界中存在非常长的时间，由此可知，塑料的降解时 间非常久，画线词意思应该与Break down“分解”一 致。] 14.D[细节理解题。根据第三段中“The materials used to manufacture shrilk are readily available in nature. They can be found in a wide range of sources including shrimp shells,insect bodies,and living plants. 制造虾壳丝的材料在自然界中很容易得到。它们的来 源很广，包括虾壳、昆虫身体和活的植物。)”可知，对于 发明者而言，这种材料有很大的潜力，部分原因是它的 原材料丰富。] l5.A[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Har vard University scientists have developed a durable and economical material that is biodegradable,drawing in- spiration from insects'hard outer shells.(哈佛大学的 6 科学家从昆虫坚硬的外壳中获得灵感，开发出一种耐 用且经济的可生物降解材料。)”可知，文章主要介绍了 一种名叫shrilk的新型材料，主要包括这种材料的特 性、潜在应用以及其作为塑料替代品的潜力。因此，A 项“一种可能的塑料替代品”最准确地概括了文章的核 心信息，直接关联到这种新型材料及其作为塑料替代 品的潜力，适合作为文章标题。」 Ⅱ.[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了践行 “不留痕迹”露营的注意事项。 l.F[下文“If you feel this way,then you're the perfect person to promote and practice Leave-No-Trace camp- g.(如果你有这种感觉，那么你就是推广和实践‘不留 痕迹’露营的最佳人选。)”说明了一种条件，故上文需要 指明“feel this way”是什么感觉，F项“We hate to see them littered with rubbish or any reminders of previous visitors..(我们不愿看到它们到处都是垃圾，也不愿看到 任何提醒我们以前来过的人的东西。)”照应下文“feel this way”,衔接恰当。] 2.B[下文“That's because your visit makes a minimal im- pact on the environment..(这是因为你的参观对环境的 影响很小。)”指明了一件事情的原因，B项“This is also called‘low impact'or‘no impact'camping.(这也被称 为‘低影响'或‘无影响'露营。)”中的“This”照应上文 “Leave-No-Trace camping'”,并与下文构成因果关系，因 为你的参观对环境的影响很小，所以它又被称为“低影 响”或“无影响”露营。] 3.E[上文“In addition,try not to damage vegetation.(另 外，尽量不要破坏植被。)”说明露营时，要保护植被，E项 "When you put up your tent,try to find a place that's al- ready bare of plants..(当你搭帐篷的时候，尽量找一个没 有植物的地方。)”用具体的事例说明如何做到不破坏植 被，衔接恰当。] 4.C[上文“It's also important that you should not take things away from the wilderness.Rocks,plants,flowers and seashells are all part of the natural landscape. 重要的是，你不应该从野外拿走东西。岩石、植物、花朵 和贝壳都是自然景观的一部分。)”说明不应该带走野外 生长的东西，C项“Once taken away,they won't be there for others to enjoy.(一旦被拿走，别人就无法在那里欣 赏到它们了。)”衔接上文，说明带走野外生长的东西会 导致的结果，“hey”指代上文“Rocks,plants,flowers and seashells'”,符合句意。] 5.G[上文“If you love seeing an untouched mountain stream or a lovely field of wildflowers,then you've al- ready taken the first step.(如果你喜欢看一条未受污染 的山间溪流或一片美丽的野花，那么你已经迈出了第一 步。)”说明有欣赏自然之美的心就是实践“不留痕迹”露 营的第一步，G项“Follow these basic practices and you can be models of the Leave-No-Trace philosophy. 这些基本做法，你就可以成为践行不留痕迹露营的典 范。)”段尾句总结了全文内容，“these basic practices'”指 代上文提到的一切尊重和体贴大自然的举动，并照应开 "If you feel this way,then you're the perfect person to promote and practice Leave-No-Trace camping.(知果你 有这种感觉，那么你就是推广和实践‘不留痕迹’露营的 最佳人选。)”符合句意。]