高二下学期期末实战模拟卷三 语言运用1 人与社会——工作与事业-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高二下学期英语期末实战模拟卷

高二下学期期末实战模拟卷三 [语言运用1]人与社会一工作与事业 (时间60分钟，满分70分)》 I.完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） The Scientific Contributions of Marie Curie Marie Curie was a pioneering scientist whose research in the field of radioactivity 1 the way for numerous scientific advancements.2 facing significant challenges as a woman in a male-dominated field,Curie became the first person ever to win two Nobel Prizes in 在 different scientific 3-physics and chemistry. Curie's interest in science began at a young age,but 4 the restrictions placed on women in Poland at the time,she was unable to 5 higher education in her home coun- try.Determined to follow her 6,she moved to Paris in 1891 to study at the prestig ious(有声望的)Sorbonne University.There,she earned degrees7_physics and mathe 如 matics and met her future husband and research partner,Pierre Curie. Together,the Curies conducted 8 research on radioactivity,a term that Marie Curie herself 9.In 1898,they discovered two new radioactive elements,polonium- named after Marie's native Poland-and radium. 5 Following Pierre's untimely death in 1906,Marie continued her research,eventually 10 pure radium metal in 1910.For this achievement,she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911,making her the first person to win two Nobel Prizes.Her dis- coveries had significant practical applications,11 in the field of medicine. In addition to her scientific contributions,Marie Curie was a trailblazer()for women in science.At a time when women were often 12 from academic and scientific institutions,Curie broke barriers and became the first female professor at the Sorbonne. Her perseverance,13 and passion for discovery continue to inspire generations of scientists,especially women in STEM fields.Despite the personal 14 she made-such 斯 as the health problems she suffered because of prolonged exposure to radiation-Marie Curie's contributions to science and humanity remain 15 我 1.A.paved B.built C.created D.took 2.A.Whether B.Although C.When D.Unless 3.A.approaches B.methods C.abilities D.disciplines 4.A.thanks to B.above all C.due to D.apart from 5.A.transform B.pursue C.inquire D.quit 期 6.A.passion B.liberation C.power D.advice 7.A.for B.on C.in D.of 凶 8.A.breathtaking B.groundbreaking C.painstaking. D.underlying 9.A.copied B.discovered C.encountered D.coined 10.A.inventing B.delivering C.isolating D.launching 11.A.particularly B.essentially C.basically D.extremely 12.A.included B.excluded C.concluded D.secluded 13.A.dedication B.arrogance C.ignorance D.inflexibility 14.A.efforts B.effects C.attempts D.sacrifices 15.A.worthless B.unnoticed C.invaluable D.meaningless 英语 3-1 Ⅱ.语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Albert Einstein was one of 1. greatest scientists in the world.He developed many theories and ideas.These theories contributed greatly 2. people's under- standing of the universe. Albert Einstein was born in Ulm,Germany,on March 14,1879.He did not do well in school,but he was 3. (interest)in mathematics and science.While at college, he studied physics and math.After graduation,he worked in a government office.At the same time,he continued studying physics on 4. (he)own. In 1905 Einstein caused a stir by 5. (publish)five major research papers. One of these papers contained 6. (complete)new ideas about the "properties"of light.Einstein 7. (receive)the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921,mainly for the work in this paper. In another paper,Einstein put forward the Special Theory of Relativity,8. changed how scientists thought about energy and matter. During World War II Einstein advised the United States 9. (build)nuclear weapons(核武器).He felt that these weapons might 10. (need)to defeat the Nazis.However,after World War II Einstein tried to prevent any future use of atomic weapons. Einstein died in Princeton,New Jersey,on April 18,1955. Ⅲ.应用文写作（满分15分） 某中学生英文报开设了“人物介绍”栏，请根据以下内容，为该栏目写一篇介绍林巧稚 的英文稿件。要点如下： 1.1901年出生在福建； 2.1929年大学毕业； 3.1932年去英国进修； 4.一生接生了五万多个婴儿；去世后将自己的财产捐赠给幼儿园。 注意：1.词数80左右： 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 英语3-2 IV.读后续写（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 To anyone else,it was just a simple white cotton bag,but to me,it was a canvas for my latest masterpiece.I laid it flat on the six-foot-long wooden table in my kitchen. With one hand I held down a corner of the bag and with the other dipped my brush in the paint and touched it to the canvas,and slowly an image took shape.Painting was hard,but I enjoyed it.And my friends and family loved the bags."I get tons of praise for mine,"my mother told me. Only getting those paintings appreciated was quite not the honor I'd dreamed of when I first picked up a paintbrush as a kid.I used to aim higher.I wanted my work to appear in the Louvre Museum in Paris,right next to the Mona Lisa.But even then,I knew what a wild dream it was. My parents encouraged my interest,and paid for art lessons.In high school,I joined an art club,and showed my work along with other local artists in an exhibition.I started college and majored in fine art,took classes in drawing and design.But the farthest I ever traveled to was New York City.The Louvre might as well have been on another planet. Then things changed.I met and fell in love with Charlie.After we got married,I took a break from art. When I finally picked up a brush,I was rusty and lost my inspiration.I tried a land- scape but it was flat.Things in the foreground were the same size as in the background. I'd lost the ability.I was frustrated and threw down my brush.Maybe I'd never really had any talent at all.Charlie turned me around."You have a talent,"he told me."Keep paint- ing.” 注意：1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 英语3-3 One day,walking through town,I found some white cotton bags in a store window. ! 些 The next month,Charlie and I visited the Louvre Museum in Paris. /1 烯 英语3-45.BL细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I got sad and negative and put on more weight.I reached a point where I couldn't climb stairs without losing my breath.”可知，作者看到互联 网上人们对她的评论后感到消极、悲伤，体重增加了，即她 无法控制自己的身体。故选B。 6.A[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“After that I got more judgments,this time from people in the fat group who once supported me.They turned their backs on me and said,'You can't be body positive and still losing weight.’”可知，胖人们在为自己不想减肥找理由，对于 作者开始减肥表示不支持、不满意。故选A。] 7.C[推理判断题。本文介绍了作者在得奖后因为肥胖 而受到人们的褒贬不一的评价，因此心情一度受到影 响，后来她意识到不管胖瘦，健康和对梦想的追求才是 最重要的。由此推断这篇文章会出现在报纸的职业栏 目。] C.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。作者通过一对同卵 双胞胎山姆和菲利克斯进行节食减肥的对比表明极端节 食并不能达到减肥的效果，人们应该更关注健康而不是体 重，要通过健康的饮食和适当的锻炼达到理想体重。 8.C[推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“So,are there any fast diets that do work?And are any of them actually healthy for you？(那么，有没有有效的快速减肥饮食呢？ 它们真的对你健康吗？)”可知，第一段讲述雏多利亚时 期一些人通过食用未孵化的绦虫减肥这个故事是为了 引入文章主题。] 9.B[词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句中的“With1ess energy coming in and more being expended(摄入的能量 更少，消耗的能量更多)”可知，此处是指造成能量缺口， 所以deficit意为“缺口，亏空”。] l0.D[细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Felix,on the other hand,is losing muscle mass and burning fewer cal- ories than ever for his body's basic functions,making weight loss even more difficult..(另一方面，菲利克斯的 肌肉量正在减少，身体基本功能所需的卡路里消耗也比 以往任何时候都少，这使得减肥变得更加困难。)”可知， 菲利克斯减肥更困难的原因是他的身体没有消耗更多 的卡路里。] 1l.C[推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Rather than trying to lose weight fast,we should all be taking our time to figure out what the healthiest lifestyle is for ourselves..(与其试图快速减肥，我们都应该花时间找出 最健康的生活方式是什么。)”可知，作者可能认同“关注 健康而不是体重”的观点。」 D.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。讲述了在夏季利用 热石疗法改善身体健康。 l2.C[细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The warmth of the hot stones will improve blood circulation and also help relax muscles,while sweating is also believed to be good for discharging the body's toxins.(热石的温暖会 促进血液循环，也有助于放松肌肉，而出汗也被认为有 高二下学期期术 答案 T.1-5 ABDC B 6-10 II.1.the 2.to 3.interested 4.his 5.publishing 6.co I.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了居里夫 人对科学的热爱以及贡献。 1.A[考查动词词义辨析。句意：居里夫人是一位开创性 的科学家，她在放射性领域的研究为许多科学进步铺平 ·3 助于排出身体的毒素。)”可知，热石有助于放松肌肉， 促进血液循环和排出毒素，没有提到能改善饮食。] l3.D[细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Rather than use water or steam to heat and wash the body,people sim- ply wear a coat or something comfortable,and then lie on heated stone tablets made of hot stones,which are warmed to around45℃.（人们不用水或蒸汽加热和清 洗身体，只需穿上一件外套或一些舒适的东西，然后躺 在由热石头制成的加热的石板上，这些石板被加热到 45℃左右。)”可知，洗热石浴的时候需要躺在一些热的 扁平石头上，即石板上。] l4.B[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The therapy is gaining wide popularity with many people,especially those who have jobs in cool air-conditioned rooms.The hot-stone therapy can help cure many diseases,inclu- ding back pain.(这种疗法受到了许多人的广泛欢迎，尤 其是那些在凉爽的空调房间工作的人。热石疗法可以 帮助治愈许多疾病，包括背痛。)”可知，热石疗法广受 欢迎，由于它对健康有好处。] l5.A[主旨大意题。根据文章全文内容及最后一段“The hot-stone therapy can help cure many diseases,inclu- ding back pain.(热石疗法可以帮助治愈许多疾病，包括 背痛。)”可知，本文介绍了热石疗法对身体有益，A选 项“小热石，大养生功能”符合本文主旨，适合作为最佳 标题。] Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些冬 季保持健康的方法。 1.F[过渡句。设空处上文提到：大自然从一个季节变化 到下一个季节，很快冬天就来了。你可以调整你的季节 性健康习惯来适应你的环境。后文提出了一些冬季保 持健康的方法。故推测设空处起过渡作用，F选项“这里 有一些开始你的冬季健康计划的有用的方法。”符合 语境。 2.G[细节句。根据本段首句的“winter vegetables”和下 文的“Hearty winter vegetables and leafy greens come packed with nutrients.”可知，本段说明的方法是吃冬季 生长的蔬莱，G选项符合语境。] 3.A[主旨句。设空处位于句首，为主旨句。后文谈到了 “stay active(保持活跃)”和“try some new outdoor activi- ties,like skiing and sledding(尝试一些新的户外活动，知 滑雪和滑雪橇)”，故本段主要讲的是尝试新的户外活动 以保持活跃，A选项符合语境。A选项中的“something new”对应后文中的“some new outdoor activities'”。] 4.B[过渡句。根据设空处上文“关注心理健康。通常， 健康更多关注的是保持身体方面的健康”以及下文“冬 天是一个关注你的心理健康的特别重要的时间”可知， 设空处起过渡作用，B选项符合语境。] 5.E[细节句。根据本段首句“Commit to an act of kind ness.”可知本段介绍保持健康的方法是做善事，且后文 提到了拜访孤独的邻居，即在社区中做善事，故E选项 符合语境。] 实战摸拟卷三 速查 ACBDC 11-15 ABADC pletely 7.received 8.which 9.to build 10.be needed 了道路。A.paved铺；B.built建造；C.created创造；D, took拿。根据上文“Marie Curie was a pioneering scien- tist whose research in the field of radioactivity'"和常识可 知居里夫人为科学进步铺平了道路。] 2.B考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管作为一名女性在男 性主导的领域面临着巨大的挑战，但居里夫人成为了有 史以来第一个在不同科学领域（物理和化学）获得两项 诺贝尔奖的人。A.Whether是否：B.Although尽管：C. When当…时候；D.Unless除非。根据下文“facing significant challenges as a woman in a male-dominated field,Curie became the first person ever to win two No- bel Prizes in different scientific 3 -physics and chemistry'”可知句子前后两部分为转折关系，所以用Al though引导的让步状语从句。] 3.D[考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.approaches方 式；B.methods方法；C.abilities能力：D.disciplines学 科，科目。根据下文“physics and chemistry”可知是不同 的学科领域。] 4.C[考查固定短语辨析。句意：居里夫人从小就对科学 产生了兴趣，但是由于当时波兰对妇女的限制，她无法 在自己的祖国接受高等教育。A.thanks to多亏，由于； B.above all最重要的是；C.due to由于；D.apart from除 了…之外。根据下文“the restrictions placed on women in Poland at the time,she was unable to 5 higher education in her home country'”可知是由于对妇 女的限制，所以无法接受高等教育，thanks to侧重于感 谢，due to侧重于一般原因。] 5.B[考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.transform使改 观；B.pursue追求；C.inquire询问：D.quit放弃。根据上 "the restrictions placed on women in Poland at the time”可知是无法追求高等教育。] 6.A[考查名词词义辨析。句意：她决心追随自己的热 情，于1891年搬到巴黎，在著名的索邦大学学习。 A.passion热情；B.liberation解放；C.power力量；D.ad- vice建议。根据上文“Curie's interest in science began at a young age”和下文“she moved to Paris in 189 1 to study at the prestigious(有声望的)Sorbonne University'”可知 为了科学她搬到了巴黎，说明是追随自己的热情。] 7.C[考查介词词义辨析。句意：在那里，她获得了物理 和数学学位，并认识了她未来的丈夫和研究伙伴皮埃 尔·居里。A.for为了：B.on对，向：C.in在…方面： D.of关于。根据下文“physics and mathematics”可知在 这两个学科方面获得了学位。] 8.B[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：居里夫妇一起对放射 性进行了开创性的研究，这个术语是居里夫人自己创造 的。A.breathtaking惊人的；B.groundbreaking开创性 的；C.painstaking劳苦的；D.underlying潜在的。根据文 章第一句“Marie Curie was a pioneering scientist whose research in the field of radioactivity”可知居里夫妇进对 放射性进行了开创性的研究。] 9.D考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.copied复制；B. discovered发现；C.encountered偶遇；D.coined创造。根 据上文“Together,the Curies conducted_8 research on radioactivity”可知是对放射性进行了开创性的研究， 所以这个术语是她自己创造的。] 10.C[考查动词词义辨析。句意：1906年皮埃尔不幸去 世后，玛丽继续她的研究，最终在1910年分离出纯镭金 属。A.inventing发明；B.delivering递送；C.isolating使 (某物质、细胞等)分离；D.launching发射。根据下文 “pure radium metal in 1910”和常识可知是分离出纯镭 金属。] 11.AL考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的发现有重要的实 际应用，特别是在医学领域。A.particularly特别是；B. essentially本质上；C.basically基本上；D.extremely极 端地。根据上文“Her discoveries had significant practi- cal applications'”和下文“in the field of medicine”可知纯 镭金属尤其对医学领域很重要。] 12.B[考查动词词义辨析。句意：在女性经常被排除在 学术和科学机构之外的时代，居里夫人打破了障碍，成 为索邦大学的第一位女教授。A,included包含；B.ex cluded不包括；C.concluded推断出；D.secluded使隔开。 根据上文“facing significant challenges as a woman in a male-dominated field”可知那个时代女性经常被排除在 学术和科学机构之外。] 13.A「考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的毅力、奉献精神和 对发现的热情继续激励着一代又一代的科学家，尤其是 STEM领域的女性。A.dedication奉献；B.arrogance自 大；C.ignorance无知；D.inflexibility顽固。空处和“per severance,passion'”并列，可知应是奉献。] 14.D[考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管居里夫人做出了 个人牺牲一比如由于长期暴露在辐射中而遭受的健 康问题一但她对科学和人类的贡献仍然是无价的。 A.efforts努力：B.effects影响；C.attempts尝试；D.sac rifices牾牲。根据下文“such as the health problems she suffered because of prolonged exposure to radiation" 这里说的是居里夫人做出的牺牲。] l5.C[考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.worthless 无价值的；B.unnoticed未被注意到的；C.invaluable无价 的；D.meaningless无意义的。根据上文“Marie Curie's contributions to science and humanity remain”以及前后 的转折关系，可知居里夫人对科学和人类的贡献仍然是 无价的。] Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了世界上 最伟大的科学家之一一爱因斯坦的个人经历以及他的 成就和贡献。 l.the[考查冠词。句意：阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦是世界上 最伟大的科学家之一。空后的greatest为形容词最高 级，前面要用定冠词the。] 2.0[考查固定短语。句意：这些理论非常有助于人们了 解宇宙。contribute to“有助于”。] 3.interested[考查词性转换。句意：他在学校表现不好， 但他对数学和科学感兴趣。分析句子可知，was后接形 容词作表语。be interested in“对…感兴趣”。] 4,his[考查代词。句意：同时，他继续自学物理。study on one'sown“自学”，此处指爱因斯坦，应用形容词性物 主代词his。] 5.publishing[考查非谓语动词。句意：1905年，爱因斯 坦发表了五篇重要的研究论文，引起了轰动。分析句子 结构可知，publish在句中应用非谓语动词形式，作介词 by的宾语，应用动名词形式。] 6.completely[考查词性转换。句意：其中一篇论文包含 了关于光的“性质”的全新观，点。修饰形容词new应用 副词completely。] 7.received[考查动词时态。句意：1921年，爱因斯坦获 得了诺贝尔物理学奖…。设空处作谓语，根据后文“i 1921”可知应用一般过去时。] 8.which[考查定语从句。句意：在另一篇论文中，爱因斯 坦提出了“狭义相对论”，它改变了科学家们对能量和物 质的看法。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词he Special Theory of Relativity,且关系词在从句中作主语， 指物，故应用关系代词which。] 9.to build[考查非谓语动词。句意：第二次世界大战期 间，爱因斯坦建议美国制造核武器。advise sb.todo sth.“建议某人做某事”。] l0.be needed[考查被动语态。句意：他认为可能需要这 些武器来打败纳粹。设空处在宾语从句中作谓语，与 主语weapons构成被动关系，might后跟动词原形。故 填be needed。] Ⅲ.[参考范文] Lin Qiaozhi,known as the "mother of ten thousand babies",was a famous doctor who won respect from all the Chinese people. She was born in 1901 in Fujian Province when girls seldom received an education.Facing great difficulties,Lin Qiaozhi chose to study medicine when she was 18 years old.In 1929,Lin graduated from university and realized her dream of becoming a doctor.After that,she went to England for further study in 1932.When studying abroad, 高二下学期期 答案 I.1-5CBBCB 6-10BCDAB A[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参 加保护当地生态系统的栖息地恢复小组的时间地，点等相 关细节。 l.C[细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge.We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive(侵入的)plant removal,winter planting,and seed collection.Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive re- sources and protecting endangered species across the rid- ges and valleys..(帮助恢复和保护从马林海岬到波利纳 斯岭的马林海的自然区域。我们将探索美丽的公园场 地，同时进行入侵植物清除、冬季种植和种子收集。栖 息地恢复小组的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和 山谷中的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用。)”可 知，栖息地恢复小组的目的是保护当地生态系统。] 2.B[细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome.(欢迎l0岁及以上的志愿者。)”可 知，参加栖息地恢复小组的最低年龄限制是10岁。] 3.B[细节理解题。根据文章第五段“We''ll be working rain or shine.(我们将风雨无阻地工作。)”可知，身为志 愿者，即使天气不好也要工作。] B.[语篇解读]Fawn Sharp通过一次搭乘直升机飞行的 经历认识到了冰川融化的严重性，同时Jennifer Wren At kinson给学生开设了课程，教学生如何面对气候变化，她的 课程让很多学生关注环境问题。 4.C[推理判断题。通读第一段可知，Fawn Sharp在一次 直升机飞行中意识到气候变化导致了冰川融化；由此可 推知，作者在第一段中提及Fawn Sharp的例子是为了引 出下文气候变化导致环境问题的话题，故选C。] 5 she gave up the chance to stay abroad.In her life,she de- livered over 50,000 babies.When she died in 1983,she left her savings to a kindergarten. Such was Lin Qiaozhi,a woman inspiring others to make a difference V.[参考范文] One day,walking through town,I found some white cotton bags in a store window.What interesting canvases they could be!I bought a few and began painting on them. And since then everything had started to change.There was no shortage of inspiration as I held my brush.My mother sent some of my pieces to her friends.She came home with the proudest smile and told me that they all liked them.Seeing others'appreciation on my art made me feel never frustrated. The next month,Charlie and I visited the Louvre Museum in Paris.Of course we took along my cotton bag. For two hours,we wandered in the museum.There was so much to see,including the Mona Lisa.But every few mi- nutes,somebody stopped me.They asked me where they could buy that bag.I had to tell them it was my work.It may not be a Mona Lisa,but that doesn't matter. 天实战模拟卷四 速查 11-15 ACCDAⅡ.1-5 FBECG 5.B[细节理解题。根据第三段可知，她给学生讲环境研 究的情感压力，她让她的24个学生面对没有简单的解决 方法这个事实—这是“一个如此困难的问题以至于学 生们将用他们的余生来解决它。”由此可知，Atkinson的 课程目的是让学生们更加关注环境问题，故选B。 6.B[词义猜测题。根据上文可知，Atkinson用美洲土著 部落、科学家以及积极分子们的经历让她的24个学生面 对没有简单的解决方法这个事实，并结合该句“this is such an intractable problem that they're going to be deal- ing with it for the rest of their lives”可知，这是一个如此 困难的问题以至于学生们将用他们的余生来解决它，故 选B。] 7.C[推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Six months into the work...discuss his concerns about a changing climate." 可知，Dillon在环保组织做了六个月志愿者之后，他认为 在Atkinson的课堂上他可以讨论他对气候变化的担忧； 由此可推知，Atkinson的课程鼓励Dillon参与环境保 护，故选C。] C.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Skip ping Rocks实验室发明的新型环保储水容器Ooho,它是一 个能携带液体资源的球面薄膜，它的制作成本很低，坚韧 且环保、可生物降解而且可食用。 8.D[细节理解题。根据第一段“Only23%of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin,meaning over $1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year. 美国，只有23%的塑料最终进入了回收箱，这意味着每 年有价值超过10亿美元的塑料被当作垃圾处理。)”可 知，在美国，只有23%的塑料资源被回收利用，大部分的 塑料都被当作垃圾扔掉了，被浪费了，故选D。]