Unit 6 Beautiful landscapes 单元测试(江苏常州专用）-2025-2026学年译林版英语七年级下册

**基本信息** 聚焦“自然景观”主题，融合中国地理文化素材（如玄武湖、四大高原），通过多样题型考查语言能力与文化意识，适配初中英语单元复习。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项填空|12题/12分|词汇（produce/soft）、语法（感叹句/冠词）|基础巩固，语境贴近自然主题| |完形填空|12题/12分|上下文理解、动词（experience）|以玄武湖为情境，渗透文化传承| |阅读理解|14题/28分|中国地理（黄果树瀑布/红树林）、环保知识|C篇红树林融入生态保护，提升思维品质| |书面表达|1题/15分|介绍野生动物与地貌|结合“过境免签”政策，考查跨文化沟通能力|

Unit 6 Beautiful landscapes 单元测试 (江苏常州专用） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、单项填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1．Nowadays human activities are ________ more amounts of CO₂ and other bad gases. A．producing B．preparing C．practicing D．protecting 2．—After the Hangzhou Asian Games, Quan Hongchan has become ________ in the world of diving. —Yeah! She’s always been amazing. A．anybody B．everybody C．somebody D．nobody 3．—It is said that the butterfly tastes with its feet. —Really? ________ interesting insect it is! A．What B．What an C．How an D．How 4．—You should read more after class for your English study. It can help you make ________ progress. —Thank you! What ________ useful advice A．a, / B．/, / C．/, a D．a, a 5．— Do you like silk shirts? —“Yes, I do.” They feel ________ and comfortable. A．fresh B．interesting C．delicious D．soft 6．—I’m going on a long journey to see the Sahara Desert during the summer holiday. —Really? ________. A．It’s like a game B．Have fun C．It’s good for your health D．It’s all right 7．There is _________ with my computer. I will ask my uncle to fix it this afternoon. A．wrong something B．something wrong C．anything wrong D．nothing wrong 8．The ocean is ________ all kinds of fish and sea plants. A．house of B．home of C．house to D．home to 9．The whale is so ________. It is said that it can grow as long as 20 meters. A．lovely B．clever C．funny D．huge 10．—________ beautiful the butterfly is! —Yes. Its wings are very nice. A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 11．Some species of fish can ________ in the fast-flowing streams of the mountains. A．pass B．relax C．save D．survive 12．The exchange students ________ come from the UK. A．mostly B．almost C．most D．more 二、完形填空(共12小题；每小题1分，满分12分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Nanjing’s Xuanwu Lake is one of the most famous lakes in China. It covers a large area and is surrounded by green hills. For many Nanjing people, Xuanwu Lake is not just a place to visit, but a part of their daily lives. Every morning, lots of people go to the lake to exercise. Some walk along the lakeside path, some practice tai chi, and others fly kites. The air there is fresh, and the view is 13 . It’s a perfect place to start a new day. At weekends, Xuanwu Lake becomes more lively. Families come here to have picnics, children run around and laugh, and young people take photos with the beautiful scenery. There are also some small boats on the lake. Taking a boat trip is a great way to 14 the lake’s beauty. You can see the lotus flowers in summer, the red leaves in autumn, and the snow-covered trees in winter. Each season brings a different view. 15 , the lake is particularly charming with pink peach blossoms blooming along the bank. Many families bring snacks and drinks to 16 while enjoying the warm sunshine. Xuanwu Lake also has a long history. It was first recorded during the Three Kingdoms period. Over the years, many poets and writers have visited it and written beautiful works about it. Today, you can still find some ancient buildings around the lake, such as the Jiming Temple. These buildings 17 the lake more charming. However, protecting Xuanwu Lake is not easy. With more and more tourists, we need to be careful not to pollute it. 18 having fun here, we should never throw rubbish into the lake or pick the flowers. 19 often teach their children to love the lake and keep it clean—everyone has a 20 to keep the lake clean and beautiful. Xuanwu Lake is a treasure of Nanjing. It shows the city’s natural beauty and historical culture. Whether you are a local person or a tourist, you will 21 falling in love with this amazing place. It is so 22 to Nanjing that it has become a symbol of the city’s charm. 13．A．terrible B．fantastic C．common D．strange 14．A．experience B．explain C．expect D．exchange 15．A．Suddenly B．Usually C．Especially D．Finally 16．A．eat B．drink C．cook D．plant 17．A．make B．take C．give D．turn 18．A．So B．Because C．But D．While 19．A．Schools B．Families C．Companies D．Hospitals 20．A．habit B．hobby C．responsibility D．ability 21．A．finish B．avoid C．practice D．enjoy 22．A．important B．unimportant C．interesting D．boring 三、阅读理解(共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分) 阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Four Major Plateaus in China Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the largest plateau in China and the highest plateau in the world. It is about 2.5 million square kilometres in size. Its elevation (海拔) is between 3, 000 and 5, 000 metres. The second largest plateau in China, Inner Mongolia Plateau, is between 1, 000 and 1, 200 metres above sea level (海平面) in North China. The Loess Plateau (黄土高原) is o the west of Taihang Mountains and on the east of Qilian Mountains. It covers about 635, 000 square kilometres and is between 800 and 3, 000 metres above sea level. Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is the smallest of the four, which is between 400 and 3, 500 metres above sea level. It covers Guizhou Province and Yunnan Province. The famous Huangguoshu Waterfall is on the plateau. 23．Which one is the highest plateau in the world? A．Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. B．The Loess Plateau. C．Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. D．Inner Mongolia Plateau. 24．Where is the Loess Plateau? A．On the east of Taihang Mountains. B．On the south of Qilian Mountains. C．Between Taihang Mountains and Qinling Mountains. D．Between Taihang Mountains and Qilian Mountains. 25．Where is the text most probably from? A．A storybook. B．A health magazine. C．A research report. D．A geography textbook. B Huangguoshu Waterfall is one of the most famous waterfalls in the world. It is in Anshun, Guizhou Province (省). The waterfall is 77.8 meters high and 101 meters wide. It is the biggest waterfall not only in China but also in Asia (亚洲). The waterfall got its name from a kind of plant there—the Yellow Fruit Tree. Huangguoshu Waterfall is very beautiful and people can hear its sound from far away. Visitors can enjoy it from different angles (角度)—above, below, front, back, left and right. Because of the rich rain in Guizhou, the waterfall never dries up. Lots of people go to see the waterfall every year. They can go there at any time, but the best time to visit Huangguoshu Waterfall is from May to October, especially (特别是) in the rainy season from June to August. At that time, the waterfall is just like a water curtain (帘). When do you want to visit Huangguoshu Waterfall? 26．Where is Huangguoshu Waterfall? A．Guiyang, Guizhou Province. B．Zunyi, Guizhou Province. C．Anshun, Guizhou Province. D．Guilin, Guangxi Province. 27．What do we know about Huangguoshu Waterfall? A．It is 101 meters high. B．It is in Sichuan Province. C．It gets its name from a river. D．It is the biggest waterfall in Asia. 28．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指代)? A．The waterfall. B．The tree. C．The colour. D．The rain. 29．What is the best time to visit Huangguoshu Waterfall? A．From January to March. B．From April to May. C．From June to August. D．From September to December. C Do you know a special kind of forest in China? We call it “the mangrove (红树林) ” or “the red forest”. Are the mangroves red? No, mangroves don’t have red leaves. They are green. Mangroves grow in the water on the coast. The place of mangrove planting in China is between 20°-30° N and 105°-120°E. Some parts of the trees are out of the water. They are home to reptiles like snakes. The other parts in the water make great homes for baby sea animals, like baby fish. Mangroves can grow as high as 10 meters. They keep the land away from strong winds and waves (海浪) . Like other trees, mangroves take in CO2 to make O2. They are helping to make air clean on earth. Have you ever wondered how these trees survive in salty seawater? It is truly amazing! Mangroves have special roots that act like filters to keep most of the salt out. Some even have “breathing roots” that stick out of the mud to get fresh air. Also, mangroves have a unique way of having babies. Their seeds start growing into small trees while they are still on the mother tree! When they are big and heavy enough, they fall down and stick into the mud to start a new life. This clever way of living helps them grow strong even in hard places. Even though mangroves are strong, they are also very fragile. Pollution and cutting down trees are hurting them. Now many mangroves are in danger. We must act now to save this “Green Great Wall.” We should not throw rubbish into the sea or on the beach. We can also tell our friends and family how important mangroves are. If we work together, we can keep the water clean and the forests green. Let’s be friends with nature and make sure these special forests will be here for many years to come. 30．Which picture shows the mangroves? A． B． C． D． 31．What does the underlined word “reptiles” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．trees B．homes C．animals D．waves 32．According to the text, which of the following statements is TRUE about mangroves? A．Their roots allow all the salt water to enter the trees to help them grow. B．Their seeds fall into the water immediately after they are born. C．Some of their roots stick out of the mud to help them get fresh air. D．They cannot grow strong because the places they live are too hard. 33．Which of the following is a suggested way to help protect mangroves? A．Planting more trees in the city parks far from the sea. B．Telling friends and family how important mangroves are. C．Building fences to keep baby sea animals inside the forest. D．Cutting down the old trees to make room for new ones. D As the temperature goes down in winter, you can find some amazing natural landscapes. Take a look at the three examples below! Dead plants or animals give off (发出) methane gas (甲烷气体). When the plants or animals are in frozen water, the gas becomes ice bubbles (气泡). As the temperature drops, the bubbles freeze deeper. This makes beautiful columns (柱) of gas: The gas will get out when the ice melts in spring. When that happens, the water smells bad. A heavy snow can turn into ice. What do you get when geothermal hot springs (地热温泉) melt a long channel under the ice? An ice cave (洞穴)! The ice looks colorful in the sunlight. But don’t stay there for too long—the ice cave can fall down. When the air temperature falls faster than the water temperature, the dripping (滴下的) water can turn into icicles (冰锥). Icicles can be very sharp (锋利的). You should be careful whenever you get close to them. 34．The underlined word “melts” in the passage means “________”. A．becomes rain B．becomes snow C．becomes water 35．Which of the following is true? A．The ice bubbles smell bad. B．It may be dangerous if you are close to the icicles. C．The three natural landscapes happen in spring. 36．Where can we probably read this passage? A．In a science magazine. B．In a diary. C．On a news website. 四、还原信息(共4小题；每小题1.5分，满分6分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 Animals are our friends. 37 We should protect them. Pandas are one of the most popular animals in the world. They live in China. 38 They are black and white. They like to eat bamboo. They are very cute, but they are in danger. Another animal in danger is the tiger. 39 People hunt them for their fur and bones. Tigers are very strong and dangerous, but they need our protection. 40 They are big and strong. They live in Africa. People kill them for their ivory. We should stop killing them. Let’s work together to protect these animals. A．Elephants are also in great danger. B．There are many kinds of animals in danger. C．They are very shy and they like to live alone. D．Tigers are the kings of the forest. E．We should help them. 五、阅读回答(共4小题；前3小题每题2分，第4小题3分，满分9分) 阅读下面短文，回答短文后问题。 Saihanba is a forest park in the north of Hebei. It is about 400 km from Beijing. For hundreds of years, the emperors went there to hunt. In the 1800s, things began to change. There were forest fires and wars, and people cut down too many trees. Saihanba slowly turned into a desert. When the forest disappeared, there were terrible sandstorms in the Beijing area. In the early 1960s, a group of scientists travelled to Saihanba to find a solution. They found an old tree in the middle of the desert. “Maybe we can still plant trees here,” they thought. In 1962, the first tree planters arrived in Saihanba. The cold and dry weather made their work very difficult, and strong winds blew away many young trees. In winter, it got as cold as -40 ℃. Three generations (代) of forest workers continued the hard work. Thanks to them, Saihanba is green again. Today it is the world's biggest man-made forest. There are hundreds of millions of trees there. The forest helps provide the capital with clean water, and there are fewer sandstorms in the Beijing area now. 41．What is Saihanba? 42．Who discovered an old tree in the desert at Saihanba? 43．When did the first tree planters arrive in Saihanba? 44．What do you think of the forest workers? Why？(Write 30 words or more.) 六、综合填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the outdoors, some sounds can really touch our hearts. The quacking (嘎嘎声) of ducks, the croaking (呱呱声) of frogs and the singing of birds can paint 45 (picture) in our minds. We may not live with these animals, 46 their sounds stay in our memories (记忆). The sounds of nature are not just 47 animals. They’re everywhere 48 we focus hard. Some people like to hear the wind through trees. Others may feel 49 (relax) to listen for a stream (小溪) running over rocks. Listening to nature is great for us. It helps our minds rest and even 50 (bring) down our heart rate (心率). So to fully enjoy nature, encourage yourself 51 (go) outside. You can sit 52 (quiet) and spend some time listening carefully for the 53 (one) time. Then try to forget about all 54 (you) worries. By doing so, you can understand the beautiful music of nature. 七、书面表达(共1题；满分15分) 55．随着“240小时过境免签”政策的推出，吸引了越来越多的外国年轻人来华旅游。假设你是李华，你的笔友Tom对中国的自然之美很感兴趣，请你写一封邮件向他介绍一种中国的野生动物及一处地貌景观。邮件要点如下： Word bank: 金丝猴 golden snub-nosed monkeys 大熊猫 giant pandas 丹顶鹤 red-crowned crane 注意事项： 1.邮件须包含所有提示内容，要求语句通顺，句意连贯。 2.字数80词左右。文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总字数。 3.邮件中不得出现真实姓名与学校信息。 Dear Tom, I’m glad you are interested in the natural beauty of China. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hope you can come and enjoy the beauty soon! Yours, Li Hua 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Beautiful landscapes 单元测试 (江苏常州专用） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、单项填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1．Nowadays human activities are ________ more amounts of CO₂ and other bad gases. A．producing B．preparing C．practicing D．protecting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如今，人类活动正在产生更多的二氧化碳和其他有害气体。 producing产生；preparing准备；practicing练习；protecting保护。根据“more amounts of CO₂ and other bad gases”可知，人类活动正在“排放或产生”这些气体。应填producing。 2．—After the Hangzhou Asian Games, Quan Hongchan has become ________ in the world of diving. —Yeah! She’s always been amazing. A．anybody B．everybody C．somebody D．nobody 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——杭州亚运会后，全红婵在跳水界已成为一个重要人物。——是的！她一直很棒。 anybody任何人；everybody每个人；somebody某人，重要人物；nobody没有人，小人物。根据答语“She’s always been amazing.”可知，全红婵表现优异，结合语境可知她在跳水界成为了一个有名的重要人物，somebody在此处意为“重要人物”，应填somebody。 3．—It is said that the butterfly tastes with its feet. —Really? ________ interesting insect it is! A．What B．What an C．How an D．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——据说蝴蝶用脚尝味道。——真的吗？它是多么有趣的一种昆虫啊！ 句子结构“... interesting insect it is!”表明，本句为感叹句。感叹句通常由how或what引导，how修饰形容词或副词，what修饰名词。空格后中心词是单数名词insect，应该用what引导，结构为“What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！”，interesting的读音以元音音素开头，不定冠词用an。 4．—You should read more after class for your English study. It can help you make ________ progress. —Thank you! What ________ useful advice A．a, / B．/, / C．/, a D．a, a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——为了你的英语学习，你应该课后多阅读。它能帮助你取得进步。——谢谢！多么有用的建议！ progress是不可数名词，make progress是固定短语，意为“取得进步”，前面不加冠词；advice是不可数名词，在What引导的感叹句中，结构为“What+形容词+不可数名词”，前面不加冠词。 5．— Do you like silk shirts? —“Yes, I do.” They feel ________ and comfortable. A．fresh B．interesting C．delicious D．soft 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你喜欢丝绸衬衫吗？        ——是的，我喜欢。它们摸起来柔软舒适。 根据“silk shirts”可知丝绸衬衫的特点是触感柔软，用soft与comfortable并列符合语境。 6．—I’m going on a long journey to see the Sahara Desert during the summer holiday. —Really? ________. A．It’s like a game B．Have fun C．It’s good for your health D．It’s all right 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——暑假我要去长途旅行，去看撒哈拉沙漠。——真的吗？祝你玩得开心。 It’s like a game这就像一场游戏；Have fun玩得开心；It’s good for your health这对你的健康有好处；It’s all right没关系。根据“I’m going on a long journey...”可知，当他人告知出行计划时，常用Have fun表达祝福。 7．There is _________ with my computer. I will ask my uncle to fix it this afternoon. A．wrong something B．something wrong C．anything wrong D．nothing wrong 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的电脑出了点毛病。我今天下午会请我叔叔来修理它。 wrong something表述错误；something wrong一些故障；anything wrong任何故障；nothing wrong没有故障。根据后句“I will ask my uncle to fix it this afternoon.”可知，前句表示电脑“出了点毛病”，形容词修饰不定代词时，要放在不定代词之后。应填something wrong。 8．The ocean is ________ all kinds of fish and sea plants. A．house of B．home of C．house to D．home to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：海洋是各种鱼类和海洋植物的家园。 be home to意为“是……的家园/栖息地”，为固定搭配；house通常指供人居住的房子。根据句意可知，海洋是生物的栖息地。 9．The whale is so ________. It is said that it can grow as long as 20 meters. A．lovely B．clever C．funny D．huge 【答案】D 【详解】句意：鲸鱼是如此巨大。据说它可以长到 20 米长。 lovely可爱的；clever聪明的；funny有趣的；huge巨大的。根据后文“it can grow as long as 20 meters.”可知，此处是在描述鲸鱼的体型非常大。 10．—________ beautiful the butterfly is! —Yes. Its wings are very nice. A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这只蝴蝶多漂亮啊！——是的，它的翅膀非常好看。 What多么，常用来修饰名词；What a一个多么，修饰可数名词单数；How多么，常用来修饰形容词或副词；How a错误表达。根据“...beautiful the butterfly is!”可知，此句是感叹句，中心词是形容词“beautiful”，应用“How+形容词+主语+谓语”的结构，应填How。 11．Some species of fish can ________ in the fast-flowing streams of the mountains. A．pass B．relax C．save D．survive 【答案】D 【详解】句意：一些种类的鱼可以在山区的急流中生存。 pass通过；relax放松；save节省；救；survive生存。根据“in the fast-flowing streams of the mountains”可知，此处指鱼能够在急流中存活下来，survive符合语境。 12．The exchange students ________ come from the UK. A．mostly B．almost C．most D．more 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这些交换生大多来自英国。 mostly主要地；almost几乎；most大多数；more更多的。根据“The exchange students...come from the UK.”可知，要表达“大部分、大多”的含义，修饰动词come应用副词mostly。 二、完形填空(共12小题；每小题1分，满分12分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Nanjing’s Xuanwu Lake is one of the most famous lakes in China. It covers a large area and is surrounded by green hills. For many Nanjing people, Xuanwu Lake is not just a place to visit, but a part of their daily lives. Every morning, lots of people go to the lake to exercise. Some walk along the lakeside path, some practice tai chi, and others fly kites. The air there is fresh, and the view is 13 . It’s a perfect place to start a new day. At weekends, Xuanwu Lake becomes more lively. Families come here to have picnics, children run around and laugh, and young people take photos with the beautiful scenery. There are also some small boats on the lake. Taking a boat trip is a great way to 14 the lake’s beauty. You can see the lotus flowers in summer, the red leaves in autumn, and the snow-covered trees in winter. Each season brings a different view. 15 , the lake is particularly charming with pink peach blossoms blooming along the bank. Many families bring snacks and drinks to 16 while enjoying the warm sunshine. Xuanwu Lake also has a long history. It was first recorded during the Three Kingdoms period. Over the years, many poets and writers have visited it and written beautiful works about it. Today, you can still find some ancient buildings around the lake, such as the Jiming Temple. These buildings 17 the lake more charming. However, protecting Xuanwu Lake is not easy. With more and more tourists, we need to be careful not to pollute it. 18 having fun here, we should never throw rubbish into the lake or pick the flowers. 19 often teach their children to love the lake and keep it clean—everyone has a 20 to keep the lake clean and beautiful. Xuanwu Lake is a treasure of Nanjing. It shows the city’s natural beauty and historical culture. Whether you are a local person or a tourist, you will 21 falling in love with this amazing place. It is so 22 to Nanjing that it has become a symbol of the city’s charm. 13．A．terrible B．fantastic C．common D．strange 14．A．experience B．explain C．expect D．exchange 15．A．Suddenly B．Usually C．Especially D．Finally 16．A．eat B．drink C．cook D．plant 17．A．make B．take C．give D．turn 18．A．So B．Because C．But D．While 19．A．Schools B．Families C．Companies D．Hospitals 20．A．habit B．hobby C．responsibility D．ability 21．A．finish B．avoid C．practice D．enjoy 22．A．important B．unimportant C．interesting D．boring 【答案】 13．B 14．A 15．C 16．A 17．A 18．D 19．B 20．C 21．D 22．A 【导语】本文介绍了南京玄武湖的自然美景、四季风光、历史底蕴以及人们在湖边的活动，同时强调了保护湖泊的重要性。 13．句意：那里的空气很新鲜，景色也很美。 terrible可怕的；fantastic极好的；common普通的；strange奇怪的。根据“It’s a perfect place to start a new day.”可知，玄武湖是开启新一天的一个完美的地方，所以景色是极好的。故选B。 14．句意：乘船游览是体验湖泊美景的好方法。 experience体验；explain解释；expect期待；exchange交换。根据“Taking a boat trip is a great way to...the lake’s beauty.”可知，乘船游览是体验湖泊美景的好方法。故选A。 15．句意：尤其是湖边盛开着粉红色的桃花时，湖水格外迷人。 Suddenly突然；Usually通常；Especially尤其；Finally最终。根据“...the lake is particularly charming with pink peach blossoms blooming along the bank.”可知，此处强调尤其湖边盛开着粉红色的桃花时，湖水格外迷人，用Especially符合语境。故选C。 16．句意：许多家庭带着零食和饮料，一边享受温暖的阳光一边吃东西。 eat吃；drink喝；cook烹饪；plant种植。根据“Many families bring snacks and drinks to...while enjoying the warm sunshine.”可知，此处指带着零食和饮料，在享受阳光的时候吃东西。故选A。 17．句意：这些建筑使湖泊更加迷人。 make使；take拿；give给；turn转动。根据“These buildings...the lake more charming.”可知，此处指建筑使湖泊更加迷人。故选A。 18．句意：在享受乐趣的同时，我们不应该往湖里扔垃圾或摘花。 So所以；Because因为；But但是；While当……时候。根据“...having fun here, we should never throw rubbish into the lake or pick the flowers.”可知，此处指在享受乐趣的同时，不应该往湖里扔垃圾或摘花。故选D。 19．句意：家庭经常教他们的孩子热爱湖泊，保持它的清洁。 Schools学校；Families家庭；Companies公司；Hospitals医院。根据“...often teach their children to love the lake and keep it clean”可知，此处指家庭教他们的孩子热爱湖泊，保持它的清洁。故选B。 20．句意：每个人都有责任保持湖泊的清洁和美丽。 habit习惯；hobby爱好；responsibility责任；ability能力。根据“everyone has a...to keep the lake clean and beautiful”可知，此处指每个人都有责任保持湖泊的清洁和美丽。故选C。 21．句意：无论你是当地人还是游客，你都会享受爱上这个令人惊叹的地方的过程 finish完成；avoid避免；practice练习；enjoy喜欢。根据“Whether you are a local person or a tourist, you will...falling in love with this amazing place.”可知，此处指喜欢上这个令人惊叹的地方，enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，固定短语。故选D。 22．句意：它对南京来说如此重要，以至于它已经成为这座城市魅力的象征。 important重要的；unimportant不重要的；interesting有趣的；boring无聊的。根据“It is so...to Nanjing that it has become a symbol of the city’s charm.”可知，此处指玄武湖对南京很重要，已经成为这座城市魅力的象征。故选A。 三、阅读理解(共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分) 阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Four Major Plateaus in China Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the largest plateau in China and the highest plateau in the world. It is about 2.5 million square kilometres in size. Its elevation (海拔) is between 3, 000 and 5, 000 metres. The second largest plateau in China, Inner Mongolia Plateau, is between 1, 000 and 1, 200 metres above sea level (海平面) in North China. The Loess Plateau (黄土高原) is o the west of Taihang Mountains and on the east of Qilian Mountains. It covers about 635, 000 square kilometres and is between 800 and 3, 000 metres above sea level. Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is the smallest of the four, which is between 400 and 3, 500 metres above sea level. It covers Guizhou Province and Yunnan Province. The famous Huangguoshu Waterfall is on the plateau. 23．Which one is the highest plateau in the world? A．Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. B．The Loess Plateau. C．Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. D．Inner Mongolia Plateau. 24．Where is the Loess Plateau? A．On the east of Taihang Mountains. B．On the south of Qilian Mountains. C．Between Taihang Mountains and Qinling Mountains. D．Between Taihang Mountains and Qilian Mountains. 25．Where is the text most probably from? A．A storybook. B．A health magazine. C．A research report. D．A geography textbook. 【答案】23．A 24．D 25．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明性短文，介绍了中国四大高原。 23．细节理解题。根据“Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the largest plateau in China and the highest plateau in the world”可知，青藏高原是世界上最高的高原。故选A。 24．细节理解题。根据“The Loess Plateau is to the west of Taihang Mountains and on the east of Qilian Mountains”可知，黄土高原位于太行山以西、祁连山以东，即处于太行山和祁连山之间。故选D。 25．推理判断题。文章介绍了中国四大高原的地理信息，这类内容通常出现在地理课本中；A故事书、B健康杂志、C研究报告，均不符合其内容属性。故选D。 B Huangguoshu Waterfall is one of the most famous waterfalls in the world. It is in Anshun, Guizhou Province (省). The waterfall is 77.8 meters high and 101 meters wide. It is the biggest waterfall not only in China but also in Asia (亚洲). The waterfall got its name from a kind of plant there—the Yellow Fruit Tree. Huangguoshu Waterfall is very beautiful and people can hear its sound from far away. Visitors can enjoy it from different angles (角度)—above, below, front, back, left and right. Because of the rich rain in Guizhou, the waterfall never dries up. Lots of people go to see the waterfall every year. They can go there at any time, but the best time to visit Huangguoshu Waterfall is from May to October, especially (特别是) in the rainy season from June to August. At that time, the waterfall is just like a water curtain (帘). When do you want to visit Huangguoshu Waterfall? 26．Where is Huangguoshu Waterfall? A．Guiyang, Guizhou Province. B．Zunyi, Guizhou Province. C．Anshun, Guizhou Province. D．Guilin, Guangxi Province. 27．What do we know about Huangguoshu Waterfall? A．It is 101 meters high. B．It is in Sichuan Province. C．It gets its name from a river. D．It is the biggest waterfall in Asia. 28．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指代)? A．The waterfall. B．The tree. C．The colour. D．The rain. 29．What is the best time to visit Huangguoshu Waterfall? A．From January to March. B．From April to May. C．From June to August. D．From September to December. 【答案】26．C 27．D 28．A 29．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了黄果树瀑布的地理位置、规模、名称由来、景观特点以及最佳游览时间等信息。 26．文章第1段“Huangguoshu Waterfall is one of the most famous waterfalls in the world. It is in Anshun, Guizhou Province.”表明黄果树瀑布在贵州省安顺市。 27．文章第1段“It is the biggest waterfall not only in China but also in Asia.”表明黄果树瀑布不仅是中国最大的瀑布，也是亚洲最大的瀑布，D选项表述正确。 28．文章第2段“Huangguoshu Waterfall is very beautiful and people can hear its sound from far away. Visitors can enjoy it from different angles.”可推知划线词“it”指代前文提到的黄果树瀑布。 29．文章第3段“the best time to visit Huangguoshu Waterfall is from May to October, especially in the rainy season from June to August.”表明最佳游览时间是6月到8月。 C Do you know a special kind of forest in China? We call it “the mangrove (红树林) ” or “the red forest”. Are the mangroves red? No, mangroves don’t have red leaves. They are green. Mangroves grow in the water on the coast. The place of mangrove planting in China is between 20°-30° N and 105°-120°E. Some parts of the trees are out of the water. They are home to reptiles like snakes. The other parts in the water make great homes for baby sea animals, like baby fish. Mangroves can grow as high as 10 meters. They keep the land away from strong winds and waves (海浪) . Like other trees, mangroves take in CO2 to make O2. They are helping to make air clean on earth. Have you ever wondered how these trees survive in salty seawater? It is truly amazing! Mangroves have special roots that act like filters to keep most of the salt out. Some even have “breathing roots” that stick out of the mud to get fresh air. Also, mangroves have a unique way of having babies. Their seeds start growing into small trees while they are still on the mother tree! When they are big and heavy enough, they fall down and stick into the mud to start a new life. This clever way of living helps them grow strong even in hard places. Even though mangroves are strong, they are also very fragile. Pollution and cutting down trees are hurting them. Now many mangroves are in danger. We must act now to save this “Green Great Wall.” We should not throw rubbish into the sea or on the beach. We can also tell our friends and family how important mangroves are. If we work together, we can keep the water clean and the forests green. Let’s be friends with nature and make sure these special forests will be here for many years to come. 30．Which picture shows the mangroves? A． B． C． D． 31．What does the underlined word “reptiles” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．trees B．homes C．animals D．waves 32．According to the text, which of the following statements is TRUE about mangroves? A．Their roots allow all the salt water to enter the trees to help them grow. B．Their seeds fall into the water immediately after they are born. C．Some of their roots stick out of the mud to help them get fresh air. D．They cannot grow strong because the places they live are too hard. 33．Which of the following is a suggested way to help protect mangroves? A．Planting more trees in the city parks far from the sea. B．Telling friends and family how important mangroves are. C．Building fences to keep baby sea animals inside the forest. D．Cutting down the old trees to make room for new ones. 【答案】30．D 31．C 32．C 33．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了红树林的生长环境、特殊生存方式以及面临的威胁和保护措施。 30．原文第一段提到“Are the mangroves red? No, mangroves don’t have red leaves. They are green.”，第二段提到“Mangroves grow in the water on the coast.”，说明红树林是绿色的，生长在海边的水中。 31．原文第二段提到“They are home to reptiles like snakes.”，结合“snakes（蛇）”是动物，可知“reptiles”意为“爬行动物”。 32．原文第三段提到“Some even have ‘breathing roots’ that stick out of the mud to get fresh air.”，说明红树林的部分根会伸出泥土以获取新鲜空气。 33．原文第四段提到“We can also tell our friends and family how important mangroves are.”，说明向朋友和家人宣传红树林的重要性是保护红树林的建议方式。 D As the temperature goes down in winter, you can find some amazing natural landscapes. Take a look at the three examples below! Dead plants or animals give off (发出) methane gas (甲烷气体). When the plants or animals are in frozen water, the gas becomes ice bubbles (气泡). As the temperature drops, the bubbles freeze deeper. This makes beautiful columns (柱) of gas: The gas will get out when the ice melts in spring. When that happens, the water smells bad. A heavy snow can turn into ice. What do you get when geothermal hot springs (地热温泉) melt a long channel under the ice? An ice cave (洞穴)! The ice looks colorful in the sunlight. But don’t stay there for too long—the ice cave can fall down. When the air temperature falls faster than the water temperature, the dripping (滴下的) water can turn into icicles (冰锥). Icicles can be very sharp (锋利的). You should be careful whenever you get close to them. 34．The underlined word “melts” in the passage means “________”. A．becomes rain B．becomes snow C．becomes water 35．Which of the following is true? A．The ice bubbles smell bad. B．It may be dangerous if you are close to the icicles. C．The three natural landscapes happen in spring. 36．Where can we probably read this passage? A．In a science magazine. B．In a diary. C．On a news website. 【答案】34．C 35．B 36．A 【导语】本文介绍了冬季出现的三种自然景观：冰泡、冰洞和冰锥。 34．词义猜测题。根据“The gas will get out when the ice melts in spring.”可知，这种现象发生在春天；根据常识可知，春天气温上升，因此冰会融化成水，由此猜测，melts意为becomes water“变成水”。故选C。 35．推理判断题。根据“Icicles can be very sharp (锋利的). You should be careful whenever you get close to them.”可知，冰锥可能非常锋利，当你靠近它们的时候，你应该小心。由此推知，如果你靠近冰锥，可能会很危险。故选B。 36．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了冬季出现的三种自然景观，由此推知，我们可能在科学杂志上读到这篇文章。故选A。 四、还原信息(共4小题；每小题1.5分，满分6分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 Animals are our friends. 37 We should protect them. Pandas are one of the most popular animals in the world. They live in China. 38 They are black and white. They like to eat bamboo. They are very cute, but they are in danger. Another animal in danger is the tiger. 39 People hunt them for their fur and bones. Tigers are very strong and dangerous, but they need our protection. 40 They are big and strong. They live in Africa. People kill them for their ivory. We should stop killing them. Let’s work together to protect these animals. A．Elephants are also in great danger. B．There are many kinds of animals in danger. C．They are very shy and they like to live alone. D．Tigers are the kings of the forest. E．We should help them. 【答案】37．B 38．C 39．D 40．A 【导语】本文讲述了动物是人类的朋友，许多动物处于危险之中，如熊猫、老虎和大象等，呼吁大家共同努力保护这些动物。 37．前文提到“Animals are our friends.”，强调动物是朋友，后文开始列举熊猫、老虎等处于危险中的动物，此处需要一个总起句引出有许多动物处于危险中这一话题，B项“There are many kinds of animals in danger.”符合语境，能够很好地衔接上下文。 38．前文描述了熊猫的相关信息，后文开始介绍老虎，此处需要补充关于熊猫的额外信息以自然过渡到下文对老虎的介绍，C项“They are very shy and they like to live alone.”是对熊猫习性的描述，与前文对熊猫的介绍相契合，同时也为引出下文介绍老虎做了铺垫。 39．前文提到“Another animal in danger is the tiger.”，指出老虎是另一种处于危险中的动物，此处需要对老虎进行进一步描述，D项“Tigers are the kings of the forest.”是对老虎的典型描述，符合语境，能够很好地衔接上下文。 40．前文介绍了熊猫和老虎，后文开始描述“They are big and strong. They live in Africa. People kill them for their ivory.”，根据这些信息可知描述的是大象，此处需要一个引出大象的句子，A项“Elephants are also in great danger.”符合语境，能够自然地引出下文对大象的描述。 五、阅读回答(共4小题；前3小题每题2分，第4小题3分，满分9分) 阅读下面短文，回答短文后问题。 Saihanba is a forest park in the north of Hebei. It is about 400 km from Beijing. For hundreds of years, the emperors went there to hunt. In the 1800s, things began to change. There were forest fires and wars, and people cut down too many trees. Saihanba slowly turned into a desert. When the forest disappeared, there were terrible sandstorms in the Beijing area. In the early 1960s, a group of scientists travelled to Saihanba to find a solution. They found an old tree in the middle of the desert. “Maybe we can still plant trees here,” they thought. In 1962, the first tree planters arrived in Saihanba. The cold and dry weather made their work very difficult, and strong winds blew away many young trees. In winter, it got as cold as -40 ℃. Three generations (代) of forest workers continued the hard work. Thanks to them, Saihanba is green again. Today it is the world's biggest man-made forest. There are hundreds of millions of trees there. The forest helps provide the capital with clean water, and there are fewer sandstorms in the Beijing area now. 41．What is Saihanba? 42．Who discovered an old tree in the desert at Saihanba? 43．When did the first tree planters arrive in Saihanba? 44．What do you think of the forest workers? Why？(Write 30 words or more.) 【答案】41．A forest park (in the north of Hebei). 42．A group of scientists. 43．In 1962. 44．I think the forest workers are truly admirable because they never gave up in the bitter cold and strong winds, showing great courage, perseverance and devotion that have transformed the desert into a vast green forest benefiting millions. (答案不唯一，合理即可) 【导语】本文主要介绍了塞罕坝从森林变为沙漠，又经三代护林工人努力重现绿色的历程，展现了护林工人的伟大贡献以及塞罕坝对环境的重要意义。 41．根据第一段首句“Saihanba is a forest park in the north of Hebei.”可知，塞罕坝是河北北部的一个森林公园。故填A forest park (in the north of Hebei). 42．根据第二段“In the early 1960s, a group of scientists travelled to Saihanba to find a solution. They found an old tree in the middle of the desert.”可知，一群科学家在塞罕坝的沙漠中发现了一棵老树。故填A group of scientists. 43．根据第二段“In 1962, the first tree planters arrived in Saihanba.”可知，第一批植树者在1962年到达塞罕坝。故填In 1962. 44．开放性问题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：I think the forest workers are truly admirable because they never gave up in the bitter cold and strong winds, showing great courage, perseverance and devotion that have transformed the desert into a vast green forest benefiting millions. (答案不唯一，合理即可) 六、综合填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the outdoors, some sounds can really touch our hearts. The quacking (嘎嘎声) of ducks, the croaking (呱呱声) of frogs and the singing of birds can paint 45 (picture) in our minds. We may not live with these animals, 46 their sounds stay in our memories (记忆). The sounds of nature are not just 47 animals. They’re everywhere 48 we focus hard. Some people like to hear the wind through trees. Others may feel 49 (relax) to listen for a stream (小溪) running over rocks. Listening to nature is great for us. It helps our minds rest and even 50 (bring) down our heart rate (心率). So to fully enjoy nature, encourage yourself 51 (go) outside. You can sit 52 (quiet) and spend some time listening carefully for the 53 (one) time. Then try to forget about all 54 (you) worries. By doing so, you can understand the beautiful music of nature. 【答案】 45．pictures 46．but 47．from 48．if 49．relaxed 50．brings 51．to go 52．quietly 53．first 54．your 【导语】本文介绍大自然的各类自然之声不只来自动物，风声、溪流声等都是自然之音；聆听自然能够放松身心、舒缓情绪、调节心率。 45．句意：鸭子的嘎嘎声、青蛙的呱呱声和鸟儿的鸣唱能在我们脑海中勾勒出一幅幅画面。此处表示泛指多幅画面，需用名词复数形式，picture的复数形式为pictures。 46．句意：我们可能不与这些动物同住，但它们的声音留在我们的记忆里。前后为转折关系，需用连词but“但是”，表示转折。 47．句意：大自然的声音不仅仅来自动物。固定搭配be from“来自”，此处需用介词from。 48．句意：如果我们用心留意，它们无处不在。此处表示假设性条件，如果我们留心，它们就无处不在，if“如果”引导条件状语从句。 49．句意：还有一些人听小溪流过岩石的声音会感到放松。feel为感官动词，需用形容词作表语，主语为人，此处需用修饰人的感受的形容词，relax的形容词为relaxed。 50．句意：它能帮助我们的大脑得到休息，甚至还能降低我们的心率。and连接并列谓语，用三单形式bring，与helps并列。 51．句意：因此为了充分享受自然，鼓励自己走到户外。固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，此处需用动词不定式，即to go。 52．句意：你可以安静地坐着。修饰动词sit，需用quiet的副词形式quietly。 53．句意：第一次花时间认真聆听。固定短语for the first time“第一次”，此处需用one的序数词first。 54．句意：试着忘掉你所有的烦恼。形容词性物主代词修饰名词worries，you的形容词性物主代词为your。 七、书面表达(共1题；满分15分) 55．随着“240小时过境免签”政策的推出，吸引了越来越多的外国年轻人来华旅游。假设你是李华，你的笔友Tom对中国的自然之美很感兴趣，请你写一封邮件向他介绍一种中国的野生动物及一处地貌景观。邮件要点如下： Word bank: 金丝猴 golden snub-nosed monkeys 大熊猫 giant pandas 丹顶鹤 red-crowned crane 注意事项： 1.邮件须包含所有提示内容，要求语句通顺，句意连贯。 2.字数80词左右。文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总字数。 3.邮件中不得出现真实姓名与学校信息。 Dear Tom, I’m glad you are interested in the natural beauty of China. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hope you can come and enjoy the beauty soon! Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Tom, I’m glad you are interested in the natural beauty of China. I’d like to tell you something about Giant pandas. With black and white fur and round faces, they look very cute! Giant pandas eat bamboo. And they only live in China, so millions of visitors around the world come to China to see them. If you come to China, Mount Huangshan is worth visiting! It lies in Anhui Province and is famous for pine trees and rocks in strange shapes. Many people come and climb up to the top to enjoy the fantastic sunrise or sunset. Hope you can come and enjoy the beauty soon! Yours, Li Hua 【详解】[第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文（邮件），以一般现在时为主； 明确要点： 介绍一种中国的野生动物（含外形、特点、特殊之处）； 介绍一处地貌景观（含位置、特色、可参与的活动）； 呼应开头，表达欢迎对方来华体验的期待； 确定人称：第一人称（I）介绍信息，以第二人称（you）面向笔友 Tom； 注意事项：不得出现真实姓名与学校信息。 [第二步：构思布局] 开头句：承接题目给出的开头 I’m glad you are interested in the natural beauty of China.，直接引出第一个介绍对象：野生动物大熊猫； 主体句 1（介绍动物）：用 I’d like to tell you something about Giant pandas. 点明介绍对象，再依次补充外形、习性 、特殊之处； 主体句 2（介绍景观）：用 If you come to China, Mount Huangshan is worth visiting! 过渡到地貌景观，依次说明位置、特色、可参与的活动； 结尾句：承接题目给出的结尾 Hope you can come and enjoy the beauty soon! [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：介绍野生动物（Giant pandas） 细节呈现： 是什么：Giant pandas（大熊猫）                      外形特点：black and white fur and round faces, look very cute                      特殊之处：only live in China 要点二：介绍地貌景观（Mount Huangshan） 细节呈现： 是什么：Mount Huangshan（黄山）                      位置：lies in Anhui Province                      特色：famous for pine trees and rocks in strange shapes（奇松怪石）                      可参与的活动：climb up to the top to enjoy the fantastic sunrise or sunset（登山看日出 / 日落） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $