Unit 2 Morals and Virtues Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2025-2026学年高一英语人教版必修第三册

UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES Discovering Useful Structures 【Learning Objectives】 By the end of this class, students will be able to 1. Identify and understand the meaning and functions of the -ing form used as the adverbial and the object complement. 2. Use the -ing form as the adverbial and the object complement to describe people’s actions and experiences. 1. Please don’t be in love with someone else. Please don’t have somebody _________ on you. 2. When I was young, I’d listen to the radio,____________ for my favorite songs. waiting Listen to the music clips and then complete the sentences. waiting object complement (宾补） adverbial（状语） Lead-in Read the sentences below and discuss the function and meaning of each -ing form. Then find more examples from the passage. 1. … her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees. 2. Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. 3. The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. adverbial 状语 adverbial 状语 object complement 宾补 1. … how could I refuse that trust, saying I’m cold, hungry, or tired? 2. At times, she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. 3. … she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”, having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. Can you find other examples from the passage? she Dr Lin her brother she I Dr Lin Qiaozhi 4. Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr. Lin opened a private clinic. (Para. 4) “Life is precious. ... To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I’m cold, hungry, or tired?” (Para. 1) 2. At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to study medicine. (Para. 2) 3. “Finding a good husband should be their final goal!” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees.(Para. 2) 5. At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. (Para. 4) 6. The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. (Para. 5) 7. She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors. (Para. 5) 8. Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”, having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime.(Para. 6) 1. She was known as the mother of ten thousand babies, having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. 2. Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. 3. ...her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees. 4. ...how could I refuse that trust, saying I’m cold. She Dr Lin her brother I Have a 现在分词(v-ing)作状语，其动作发出者是主句的_____, 呈___(主/被)动关系。一般置于_____或______。 句首 句尾 主语 主 表示时间 _________(hear) the news, he couldn’t help laughing. When he ______the news, he couldn’t help laughing. 听到这个消息，他禁不住大笑起来。 Hearing 1. 判断设空处是否需要非谓语动词 是 否 2. 找到非谓语动词的主语（逻辑主语），一般与主句一致 3. 确定非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系 主动  被动 -ing作时间状语 可转化时间状语从句 heard V-ing作状语 V-ing作状语 表示原因 Not _________(know) her address, I had better telephone her to come over. Because/as I ___________ (know) her address, I had better telephone her to come over. knowing 1. 判断设空处是否需要非谓语动词 是 否 2. 找到非谓语动词的主语（逻辑主语），一般与主句一致 3. 确定非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系 主动  被动 don’t know V-ing作状语 表示条件 _________(work) hard, You’ll surely succeed. If you _____ hard, You’ll surely succeed. Working 1. 判断设空处是否需要非谓语动词 是 否 2. 找到非谓语动词的主语（逻辑主语），一般与主句一致 3. 确定非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系 主动  被动 work V-ing作状语 表示让步 __________(weigh) 300 kilograms, the stone was still moved by him. Although the stone________ (weigh)300 kilograms, the stone was still moved by him. Weighing 1. 判断设空处是否需要非谓语动词 是 否 2. 找到非谓语动词的主语（逻辑主语），一般与主句一致 3. 确定非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系 主动  被动 weighed V-ing作状语 表示结果 The child slipped and fell, ______(hit) his head against th door. The child slipped , fell and ____(hit) his head against th door. hitting 1. 判断设空处是否需要非谓语动词 是 否 2. 找到非谓语动词的主语（逻辑主语），一般与主句一致 3. 确定非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系 主动  被动 hit 随着谓语动词发生而产生的自然结果 V-ing作状语 Morris lay on the grass, _______(stare) at the sky for a long time. Morris lay on the grass,and _______(stare) at the sky for a long time. staring 1. 判断设空处是否需要非谓语动词 是 否 2. 找到非谓语动词的主语（逻辑主语），一般与主句一致 3. 确定非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系 主动  被动 stared 表示伴随 V-ing作状语 表示方式 Please answer the question ______(use) another way. He came ________(run) back to tell me the news. __________(travel) by car, we visited many fascinating places. using running Travelling 1. 判断设空处是否需要非谓语动词 是 否 2. 找到非谓语动词的主语（逻辑主语），一般与主句一致 3. 确定非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系 主动  被动 小结 非谓语动词与逻辑主语是主动？被动？ 2. 找到 非谓语动词的主语（逻辑主语），与主句主语一致 设空处是否需要非谓语动词 解题步骤 3. 确定 1. 判断 表示时间 表示原因 表示条件 表示让步 表示结果 表示伴随 均可转化为相应的状语从句或并列谓语 表示方式 v-ing 和 v-ed 作状语的区别 ♪ Seeing (see)from the hill, you will find the city looks like a big garden. ♪ Seen (see) from the hill, the city looks like a big garden.   ♫ Written(write) in a hurry, this article was not so good. ♫ Writing (write) in a hurry, he made several mistakes. 非谓语做状语时，要看与逻辑主语(即句子主语)的关系： 主动用_________，被动用________。 v-ing v-ed (1). Looking into the sky, he imagined flying like an eagle.  (2). Having finished his work, he went biking with his friend. look imagine finish go biking (3). Being examined by the doctor, the old man lay still . (4). Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. being done：表示非谓语动作正在被进行 having done：表示非谓语动作已经被完成 现在分词的时态和语态 doing：非谓语动作和主句的动作同时进行或在之后发生 having done：非谓语动作先于主句的动作发生 His parents died and they left him a lot of money. →His parents died, leaving him a lot of money.（doing自然结果） He got to the station, but he found the train gone. →He got to the station, only to find the train gone.（to do意外结果） 结构 特点 含义 doing 自然而然、顺理成章的结果 前面动作必然导致的结果 to do 出乎意料、没想到的结果 常与 only 连用 v-ing 和 to do 作结果状语的区别 The rain lasted a week, thus_________ (ruin) our holiday. 雨下了一周，因此毁掉了假期。 He searched the room, only_________ (find) nothing. 搜了房间，结果什么也没找到。 ruining to find 现在分词v-ing作独立成分 Generally speaking, boys like sports.一般来说，男孩喜欢运动。 Judging from his accent, he is from the south.从他的口音判断，他是南方人。 Considering his age, he did very well.考虑到他的年龄，他做得已经很好了。 Supposing it rains, what shall we do?假如下雨，我们该怎么办？ Honestly speaking, I don’t like it.老实说，我不喜欢它。 区别 逻辑主语 成分 一般分词 逻辑主语 = 句子主语 作状语 独立成分 不需要和主语一致 插入语、评注语，属“固定搭配” 1. _________(hear) the news, they couldn’t help jumping. 2. Be careful when_________(cross)the street. 3.The heavy rain lasted three days,__________(result) in serious traffic jams. 4. He hurried to the bus station, only_________(tell) that the last bus had left. 5. ______________ (wait) in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left his money in the car. 7. _______ (invite) to the party, she felt very happy. 8. __________________ (beat) many times, he still didn’t give up. 9. ______________ (know) what to do, he turned to me for help. 10. __________________ (receive) his reply for many times, she called him again and again. Hearing crossing resulting to be told Invited Having been beaten Not knowing Having waited Not having received 1. At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. 2. The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. She Dr Lin Qiaozhi Have a 现在分词(v-ing)作宾语补足语，常放在宾语后面, 表示一个 ___________________的动作, 强调一个过程或一种状态。 正在进行的主动性 感觉,心理状态 使役动词 with的复合结构 see/ hear/ watch/ find/ observe/ notice/ feel + sb/sth + doing have/ get/ make/ leave/ keep+ sb/sth +doing with+ n. /pron＋doing 正在进行 一直做，一直处于某种状态 主动 常见的带v-ing作宾补的词 v-ing 和 v-ed 作宾语补足语的区别 现在分词作宾补，宾语是动作的执行者 I saw the dog following a man. 我看见那只狗跟在一个人的身后。 过去分词作宾补，宾语是动作的承受者 I saw the dog followed by a man. 我看见那只狗有人在后面跟着。 非谓语作宾语补足语的区别 不定式表示动作的全过程或结果 I have seen Milla grow up from childhood, so I know her quite well. 我看着米拉从小长大，因此很了解她。 现在分词表示主动和正在进行 Some students last saw Reed playing near an Internet bar. 几个学生最后看见瑞德时他正在一家网吧附近玩耍。 过去分词表示被动或完成 They want to see this matter settled immediately. 他们希望看到这个问题立刻解决。 现在分词的时态和语态 She heard her name called just a moment ago. 刚才她听见有人叫过她的名字 She heard her name being called from behind and stopped to look back. 她听见有人在后面一直叫她的名字,就停下来向后看。 (called是过去分词作宾补，表示“被动和完成”) (being called是现在分词的被动语态作宾补，表示“被动和进行”) 1. With an important exam (come), she was quite nervous and couldn’t sleep well. 2. While driving near his home，he saw a dog (wander) on the road, clearly lost. 3. Today I will hire some workers to have my house (paint). 4. With so much work ____ (do), he won’t go to the supermarket together with me. 5. Walking towards the front door, we noticed a gentleman ________(stand) at one side. 6. In order to save water, never leave the water (run) while you brush your teeth. 7. Peter kept his pet dog (take) care of by his roommate. coming wandering painted to do standing running taken 高考链接 1. All customers __________ (travel) on TransLink services must be in ___________ (possess) of a valid ticket before boarding. 2. In fact, anyone _________ (wish) to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or ___________ (experience) racer ________ (learn) proper technique. 3. One of his latest projects has been to make plants grow in experiments ______ (use) some common vegetables. 4. Nervously _______ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”. 5. _______________ (work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. travelling possession wishing experienced to learn using facing Having worked 高考链接 6. All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, _______ (say) that I had a talent ____ football. 7. ________ (turn) around, we saw an old woman _________ (walk) towards the river. 8. China’s approach to __________ (protect) its environment while ________ (feed) its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide. 9. _____________ (know) which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice. 10. Some students will feel a growing sense of anxiety with the exam _________ (draw) near while others may appear calm. saying for Turning walking protecting feeding Not knowing drawing Complete the conversations using the correct forms of the words in brackets. 1. A: You look really _____(tire). You should go home and have a rest. B: Yes, well, a five-hour operation is pretty ______. 2. A: Did you hear that Susan and Bob got married? B: Really? That’s the most ________(shock) news I have heard today. 3. A: Harry, you forgot to return my phone call last night! B: Oh, I’m very sorry. I went to sleep _______ (listen) to music. tired shocking listening 表语 前置定语=Adj. 状语 tiring 4. A: How can you sit inside _______(play) games all day? Isn’t there anything more important you can do with your time? B: Come on. Mum. It’s holiday. 5. A: The museum was _________(interest), wasn’t it? B: It was great. I was quite ________(interest) in those ancient pieces of jade. 6. A: Are you sure this is the man you saw that night? B: That’s right. From my window, I saw him _______(come) into the building. A: No, but I heard people ________(shout) downstairs. B: I saw an injured man _______(lie) on the floor. interesting coming 表语 interested shouting lying 宾语补足语 playing 状语 feel want face smile return worry hear knock 1. that his wife had been injured in an accident, Mr Johnso hurried to the hospital. 2. During the operation, she sat in the waiting room for over an hour __________ about him. 3. I saw her whispering something into his ear, obviously not _______to be heard. 4. He suddenly woke up at midnight when he heard someone ________ at his door. Hearing Complete the senteces with the correct forms of the verbs in the box. worrying wanting knocking = When he heard… / Because he heard… = and was worrying about him. = because she didn’t want to be heard. 感官动词 + 宾语 + 宾补 tired organized dressed 5. ________ higher import and export costs, the company is looking for ways to survive. 6. _________from the North Pole, the traveller wrote a book about his experience and had it published the following year. 7. The child lay on her mother’s lap, _______sweetly. 8. _______ hurt by the rejection, she bit her lip and quietly walked away. Facing Returning smiling Feeling = Because/As it faces higher costs… = After he returned from the North Pole… = …and was smiling sweetly. = Because she felt hurt by the rejection… Read the following story and rewrite the underlined parts using the -ing form. Henry Norman Bethune was a Canadian doctor with a very creative mind and a determination to help people. As a small boy, he became very interested in medicine and decided to become a doctor. After he graduated from medical college in 1916, Bethune worked as a doctor in England, the US, and Canada. He reinvented or redesigned over 10 medical instruments to make them more useful. In 1938, Bethune left for China, after he heard that many people were dying in the war. Despite the difficult situation, Dr Bethune did whatever he could to assist the Chinese people. He helped to organise hospitals, taught doctors and nurses, and showed people how to give first aid. Sadly, Dr Bethune passed away in November the following year and was buried in Shijiazhuang. After Dr Bethune’s death, Chairman Mao Zedong wrote an article in memory of him, in which he praised Dr Bethune as a hero to be remembered in China. deciding to become a doctor after hearing that many people were dying in the war praising Dr Bethune as a hero to be remembered in China 亨利·诺曼·白求恩 vt. 帮助；援助 急救 去世 n. 主席；主持人；董事长 作为对……的纪念 一、非谓语作 伴随状语 1）应用文：万能高级开头（瞬间高级） I’m writing to tell you that… → Knowing/Learning/Hearing that you’re interested in…, I’m writing to… 得知你对…… 感兴趣，我写信来…… → Having learned that you’ll visit China, I’d like to… 得知你要来中国，我想…… I’m very happy to hear that… → Delighted to hear that…, I can’t wait to… → Delighted at the news, I can’t wait to share it with you. 听到这个好消息，我迫不及待想和你分享。 Having received your letter, I’m writing to reply. 收到你的来信后，我特此回信。 Not knowing what to do, I turned to my teacher for help. 不知该怎么办，我向老师求助。【原因状语】 2）读后续写：拆分动作链（一主一动，瞬间高级） 结构：谓语 + doing …（同一主语，同时发生） He stood there and cried. → He stood there, crying loudly. She sat there and covered her face with her hands. → She sat there, burying her face in her hands. He looked at me and his eyes were filled with tears. → He looked at me, eyes filled with tears.（独立主格版） She looked at me and tears streamed down her cheeks. She looked at me, tears streaming down her cheeks.（独立主格版） 二、非谓语作 定语（瞬间高级） the following tips 如下建议 the coming summer vacation 即将到来的暑假 a boring lecture 无聊的讲座 the problem discussed yesterday 昨天讨论的问题 the meeting to be held tomorrow 明天要开的会议 作用：替代定语从句，句子更简洁高级。 三、非谓语作 结果状语 1）doing：自然而然、顺理成章的结果 The rain was heavy and it ruined our plan. → The heavy rain lasted all day, ruining our plan. The fire spread quickly, destroying the whole house. 大火迅速蔓延，烧毁了整座房子。 He stayed up late, wasting the whole night. 他熬夜，浪费了一整晚。 2）only to do：出乎意料、失望的结果 He hurried to the station but found the train had left. →He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left. She searched everywhere, only to discover nothing. 她到处找，却什么也没找到。 I opened the box, only to see it was empty. 我打开盒子，却发现里面是空的。 四、独立主格：构建动作画面感 结构：名词 / 代词 + 非谓语 / 形容词 / 副词/介词短语（主语≠主句主语） 天气允许的话，我们去远足。 Weather permitting, we will go hiking. 2.信号一发，运动员们开始奔跑。 The signal given, the athletes started to run. 3.任务完成后，他躺下休息。 The task finished, he lay down and relaxed. 4.泪水滚落，她一句话也说不出来。 Tears rolling down, she couldn’t say a word. 5.狂风呼啸，他们又冷又怕。 The wind blowing strongly, they felt cold and frightened. 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