Unit1 A new start 单词课件-2025-2026学年高一英语外研版必修第一册

Unit 1 A new start Words and Expressions 新外研版必修一 senior [ˈsiːniə] adj.（地位、水平或级别）高的，高级的 senior high 高中 junior high 初中 respect the seniors 尊老 be senior/junior to sb. 比...级别高(低)/年长(年少) junior adj.地位低下的 n.较年幼者;年少者 Welcome to senior high! He's senior to me by three years. curious [ˈkjʊəriəs] adj. 好奇的 curiously adv. 好奇地 curiosity n. 好奇心 be curious about 对...感到好奇 be curious to do sth. 很想做某事 It is curious that... ... 是奇怪的 with curiosity 好奇地 out of curiosity 出于好奇心 Curiosity killed the cat. 以“ity”结尾的名词常由形容词通过添加后缀“-ity”构成 able → ability 能力 popular→popularity 受欢迎; 流行 real→ reality 真实 equal→ equality 平等 变体形式：-ty(元音字母i脱落)，-ety(元音字母i变成e) safe→ safety 安全 certain → certainty确定性 loyal→ loyalty忠诚 various →variety多样化;多变性 直接以 -ty 结尾的独立名词 gravity​ 重力 university 大学 opportunity n.机会 identity身份;特征 facility设备 charity 慈善 curious [ˈkjʊəriəs] adj. 好奇的 curious [ˈkjʊəriəs] adj. 好奇的 1. In high school, I became curious the computer. (2016 北京) 2. (curious) enough, a year later exactly the same thing happened again. 3. He was curious (know) what was happening in the office. (2008 陕西) 4. Filled with (curious), the artist packed (收拾) his bags and left. (2020 全国) about Curiously to know curiosity impression [ɪmˈpreʃ(ə)n] n. 印象，感想 have/leave/make a(n)... impression on sb. 给某人留下…的印象 impress sb. with sth. 某物给某人留下深刻印象 be impressed by/at/with 对…印象深刻 What impressed sb. most was that … 使某人印象深刻的是.... impress v.给…留下深刻印象;使钦佩;使铭记 impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的 impression [ɪmˈpreʃ(ə)n] n. 印象，感想 向内压 impress 基本义 “向内压”在物体上  印；盖（印）于  使意识到 向思想里“压”的结果 程度递进 “向内压”到思想里  给……留下极深的印象；使钦佩 impression [ɪmˈpreʃ(ə)n] n. 印象，感想 impress impression impressionist impressionism impressively impressed impressive impression [ɪmˈpreʃ(ə)n] n. 印象，感想 V+ ion / tion / ation / sion/ ition结尾 最基础的-ion后缀 attract→ attraction吸引 predict→ prediction 预言;预测 suggest→ suggestion 建议 promote→ promotion提升;提拔;促销 变式-ation organize→ organization 组织 imagine→ imagination 想象力 invite→ invitation 邀请 expect→ expectation预料;期望 变式- sion 动词以-s/-d/-t结尾时,多半会倾向于 -sion permit → permission 允许 admit →admission 准许;入场费 decide→ decision 决定 conclude→ conclusion 结论 特殊： describe→ description 描写 consume→consumption 消费; 消耗; solve→ solution 解决 compete→ competition 竞争;比赛 impression [ɪmˈpreʃ(ə)n] n. 印象，感想 indoor 户内的 include包括 income收入 input 输入 inspect 检查 import进口 impress 给…留下深刻印象;使钦佩;使铭记 im-用于b, m, p前 imbalance 不平衡 immature 不成熟 immoral 不道德的 impossible不可能的 imperfect不完美的 impatient不耐烦的 il-用于l前 illegal 非法的 illogical 不符合逻辑的 illiterate文盲的 ir-用于r前 irregular 不规则的 irresponsible不承担责任的 irrelevant不相关的 impression [ɪmˈpreʃ(ə)n] n. 印象，感想 1. I think what _____________ (impress) me about his painting is the colors he uses. (2014 天津) 2. What was so _____________ (impress) about Jasmine Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed (光脚的). (2014 湖北) 3. My first _____________ (impress) of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man. (2012 山东改) 4. Williams was impressed __________ Benjamin and gave him two books on painting to take home. (2017 浙江改)  impressive  impression impresses  with / by tradition [trəˈdɪʃ(ə)n] n. 传统 follow a tradition 遵循传统 break with tradition 打破传统 by tradition 根据传统习俗/按照传统 traditional adj. 传统的 traditionally adv.传统上 The festival is ______________ (tradition) held in May. traditionally tradition [trəˈdɪʃ(ə)n] n. 传统 形容词后缀-al person→ personal 私人的 nation→ national 国家的 culture→ cultural 文化的 center/centre→ central 中央的;中心的 -al的变体-ial face→ facial 面部的 office→official官方的 -al的变体-ical medicine→medical 医学的 history→historical 历史的 -al的变体-ual spirit→spiritual 精神上的 annual 每年的 actual 实际的 tradition [trəˈdɪʃ(ə)n] n. 传统 名词后缀-al approve → approval 赞成 survive → survival 幸存 arrive → arrival 到达 propose → proposal 提议;建议 refuse→ refusal 拒绝 withdraw→ withdrawal 撤走;取钱;撤退 betray →betrayal 背叛,出卖 facility [fəˈsɪlɪti] n. 设施 public facilities 公共设施 kitchen facilities 厨房设备 facilitate v. 使便利;促进 moment [ˈməʊmənt] n. 某一时刻 an embarrassing moment 令人尴尬的时刻 at the moment 此刻,目前,强调当前 at this/that moment 在这一刻/那一刻 for a moment 片刻,一会儿,表示短暂 in a moment 立刻,马上,表示即将发生 the moment+句子 一…就… The moment the bell rang, the students rushed out of the classroom. The bus should arrive in a moment. moment [ˈməʊmənt] n. 某一时刻 1. He was silent (片刻), then began his answer. 2. (在那一刻), I remembered that my father once said, “The classroom is a place for learning and that includes learning from textbooks, and mistakes as well.” (2019 全国) for a moment At that moment eagerness [ˈiːɡənəs] n. 热切，渴望 be eager for sth. 渴望得到… be eager to do sth. 渴望做… in one’s eagerness to do sth. 某人渴望做…;某人急于做… eager adj. 渴望的;热切的 eagerly adv. 渴望地 The children . She made a few mistakes in her to finish the work quickly. are eager for more knowledge eagerness eagerness [ˈiːɡənəs] n. 热切，渴望 名词后缀-ness 构词法:形容词+后缀-ness dark→ darkness 黑暗 weak→ weakness 虚弱 kind → kindness 善良 cold→ coldness 冷淡;冷漠 ill → illness 病 lonely→ loneliness孤独 eager→ eagerness渴望 sad→ sadness 悲伤 happy→ happiness幸福;愉快 nervous→ nervousness紧张 helpless→ helplessness无助 hopeless→ hopelessness无望 engine [ˈendʒɪn] n. 发动机，引擎 a search engine 搜索引擎 a fire engine 消防车 engineer /ˌendʒɪˈnɪə(r)/ n.工程师 engineering /ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ/ n. 工程学 collection [kəˈlekʃ(ə)n] n. （一批）收藏品 【词根词缀】 collect =col (同com,共同,一起) + lect (收集,挑选)=共同挑选并聚集在一起 elect=e-(同ex,出)+ lect-(收集,挑选)=选出来=选举 select=se-(分开)+ lect-(收集,挑选)=分开来选择=挑选,选择 collect v.收集 collector n.收藏家;收集者 collection [kəˈlekʃ(ə)n] n. （一批）收藏品 “收集”物品 收集；采集 收藏 积聚；聚集 collection collect 收集；采集；收取 （常指同类的）收集物；收藏品 一批物品；一群人 收集 collect 基本义 取走（某物）； 接走（某人） 募集；收取（租金、税等） 募捐；募集的钱 “收集”同一类物品并保存 “收集”捐款、租金、税金等 “收集”分散的东西或人使集中 “收集”物或人并将其带走 （故事、诗歌、音乐等的）集子；专辑 collection [kəˈlekʃ(ə)n] n. （一批）收藏品 1. The computer systems could speed up the collection of information. ___________ 2. I have bought a new collection of poetry. ___________ 3. The painting comes from his private collection. ___________ 4. Every Christmas we have a collection for a local charity. ___________ 5. There was an interesting collection of people at the wedding. ___________ 收集 诗集 私人收藏 募捐 一群有趣的人 organise [ˈɔːɡənaɪz] v. 组织 organize sb. to do sth. 组织某人做某事 organize a party 组织一个派对 organization n. 组织;机构 organized adj.有组织的 organizer n.组织者 organ organise 器官 使……有组织化 组织 organisation organise [ˈɔːɡənaɪz] v. 组织 组织 organise 基本义 “组织”活动 “组织”想法、时间等，使之有序 组织；筹备 整理；分配 organise [ˈɔːɡənaɪz] v. 组织 动词后缀“-ize”或“-ise” 表示“使成…状态”、“使…化”或“使成为…”等意思 realize v.了解,意识到 specialize v. 专门从事;使专门化 minimize v. 最小化 maximize v. 最大化 modernize v.使现代化 summarize v.总结;概括 memorise v. 记住 standardize v.标准化;使符合标准 organise [ˈɔːɡənaɪz] v. 组织 根据汉语补全下列句子。 1. 会议组织得很糟糕。 The meeting was ____________________. 2. 课后会组织小组活动帮助孩子们培养团队精神。(2014 重庆) _______________________________ after class to help children develop team spirit. 3. 要写出好文章，必须先从逻辑上理顺思绪。 To write a good essay you must first ___________________ logically. 4. 大家要我组织这次旅游，可是我把事情搞砸了。 I was asked to _______________, but I messed it up. Group activities will be organised badly organised organise your ideas organise the trip breathe [briːð] v. 呼吸 breathe in/out 吸气/呼气； breathe a sigh of relief 如释重负;松了口气 take a deep breath 深呼吸 catch one’s breath 喘息,气喘 hold one’s breath 屏息 out of breath 喘不过气来 breath n.呼吸 breathless adj.喘不过气来的 panic [ˈpænɪk] n. 惊恐，惊慌 in panic 惊慌地 a moment of panic 一时惊慌 get into a panic 陷入恐慌 过去式： panicked 过去分词： panicked 现在分词： panicking 第三人称单数： panics challenge [ˈtʃælɪndʒ] n. 挑战 challenge sb. to do sth. 挑战某人做某事 face a challenge 面对挑战 physically challenged 残疾的 visually challenged 视力有障碍 challenging adj.具有挑战性的 challenged adj.受到挑战的,伤残的,有残疾的 challenge [ˈtʃælɪndʒ] n. 挑战  enjoy / welcome  accept / take on / take up  mount  throw down overcome / solve  发起挑战  下战书 战胜挑战  面临挑战  迎接挑战 face meet / rise to  喜欢挑战  接受挑战 challenge challenge [ˈtʃælɪndʒ] n. 挑战 一、根据句意选出challenge的最佳释义。  对……质疑  向……挑战；邀请……比赛  考验……的能力 ______ 1. The job is too easy to really challenge her. _____ 2. Such one-sided views should have immediately been challenged. (2011 重庆阅读理解) ______ 3. No one has seriously challenged the champion. In the coming three years, our school life will be ___________ (challenge).  (2014 江西书面表达)    challenging pressure [ˈpreʃə] n. 压力 under pressure 面临压力，在压力之下 under the pressure of 在…压力之下 put/bring pressure on sb. 给某人施压 blood pressure 血压 press vt. 压;按 pressure [ˈpreʃə] n. 压力 depart→ departure n.离开;出发 press→ pressure n.压力 fail→ failure n.失败; 失败的人 mix→ mixture n.混合物 expose→ exposure n.暴露 sign→signature n.签名 please→ pleasure n.快乐 close→ closure n.停业,关闭;倒闭 calm [kɑːm] adj. 镇静的，沉着的 calm (sb.) down 冷静下来，平静下来 keep calm 保持冷静 calmly adv. 镇静地 calmness /ˈkɑːmnəs/ n.冷静;镇静 calm [kɑːm] adj. 镇静的，沉着的 1. 她在危难中总能保持冷静。 She always ___________________________ in time of danger. 2. 平静的海上没有一点迹象显示暴风雨即将来临。 ________________ gave no sign of the storm that was coming. 3. 大厅里一片安静，但这是暴风雨前的平静。 The hall was very quiet, but it was _______________________. 4. 由于被她那些话所感动，他很难平静下来。 Moved by what she said, he could hardly ______________. 5. 上台表演前，每个人都深吸一口气让自己平静下来。 Before the performance everybody held a deep breath to __________________. remains / keeps / stays calm The calm / still sea the calm before the storm calm down calm themselves down calm [kɑːm] adj. 镇静的，沉着的 1. Even when she faces disasters like earthquake, she still keeps ______. 2. The police tried to get some information from the man, but he remained ______. 3. Attention, please. Everybody! Please stay ______ while I take a photograph of you. 4. The waters of the lake are so ______ that it looks like glass. 5. He tried to be ______, but his trembling hands gave him away. 6. When you are in a library, you must be ______. calm silent still calm calm quiet quiet calm still silent description [dɪˈskrɪpʃ(ə)n] n. 描述，描写，叙述，形容 give a detailed/general/brief/vivid description of... 对....作详尽的/概括性的/简短的/生动的描述 beyond description 无法形容,难以描述 describe sb./sth. as sth. 把…描述为…；将…称作… describe /dɪˈskraɪb/ vt. 描述,形容,描绘 The grand sight of Mount Huangshan is beyond (describe). description confident [ˈkɒnfɪd(ə)nt] adj. 有信心的，自信的 have confidence in 对…有信心 be confident of 对…有信心 unconfident adj.缺乏信心的 confidence n. 信心 confidently adv.自信地 The cat is very confident; in his mind, he is a powerful beast. confident [ˈkɒnfɪd(ə)nt] adj. 有信心的，自信的 1. Every day, you’ll learn some new English vocabulary, idioms and phrasal verbs. And you’ll feel more confident __________________ working and making friends in English. (2010 湖北) 2. It’s important that children learn to read _________ confidence. 3. Once you are confident _________ your power over bad situations, problems are just stepping stones to success. (2010 广东) 4. The little girl walked ___________ (confident) onto the stage, ready for her first speech. (2012 陕西) about in / of / about confidently with confident [ˈkɒnfɪd(ə)nt] adj. 有信心的，自信的 名词后缀：-ence/-ency 构词法:形容词(-ent)变名词（-ence/-ency） dependent→ dependence 依靠 different → difference 不同 patient → patience 耐心 silent→ silence 寂静 urgent →urgency‌ 紧急 ​fluent →fluency​ 流利度 efficient →efficiency​ 效率 frequent→frequency 频率 词后缀：-ance /-ancy 构词法:形容词(-ant)变名词（-ance/-ancy） important → importance重要性 distant→distance 距离 significant→significance 重要性; 意义 resistant→ resistance 抵抗,抵抗力 ignorant→ignorance 无知 elegant→elegance 优雅 debate [dɪˈbeɪt] n. 讨论，辩论 debate on 关于…进行辩论 a heated debate 一场激烈的辩论 debater n.辩论家 It is no use ________ (debate) with him because he will never change his mind. debating argue [ˈɑːɡjuː] v. 争论，争辩 argue with sb 和某人争论 about / over sth 就某事争论 = have an argument with sb about / over sth; argue for 同意 argue against 反对,据理反对,争辩 argument n.论据;争吵 argue [ˈɑːɡjuː] v. 争论，争辩 名词后缀：-ment 动词+名词后缀-ment=名词 achieve→ achievement 成就 agree→ agreement 同意 develop→ development 发展 disagree→ disagreement 不同意 move→ movement 运动 arrange → arrangement 安排 excite → excitement 激动,兴奋 argue →argument 争论;争吵 argue [ˈɑːɡjuː] v. 争论，争辩 一、写出下列句子中argue的汉语释义。 1. It is no use arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind. ______________ 2. Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is cruel to eat animals, but others argue that they can eat meat and still be kind to animals. (2012 广东) ______________ 争论 / 争吵 论证 / 争辩 argue [ˈɑːɡjuː] v. 争论，争辩 二、用适当的介词填空。 1. They have argued __________ each other for years __________ the best way to grow potatoes. 2. When you present reasons why you believe in something, you argue ________ it. 3. If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves. Thus, I would argue __________ copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different. (2014 安徽) against with about / over for sharp [ʃɑːp] adj. 敏锐的，聪明的 sharp drop 暴跌 a sharp turn 急转弯 sharp eyes 目光敏锐 be sharp with 对...严厉 sharpen vt.削尖;磨快 sharpener n. 磨具,削具,铅笔刀 sharply adv.急剧地;锐利地 sharp [ʃɑːp] adj. 敏锐的，聪明的 尖的 （基本义） 刀具等“尖的” 感官或头脑“尖的”  锋利的；尖的  (感官) 敏锐的；(人) 机灵的 言语“尖的” 角度、变化等“尖的” 感觉或感情上“尖的” 声音“尖的”  (言辞等) 尖刻的；严厉的  (角度、变化等) 急剧的  剧烈的；猛烈的  尖厉的；刺耳的 sharp [ʃɑːp] adj. 敏锐的，聪明的 前后缀en 构词法:形容词+后缀-en=动词 short→ shorten 变短 less→ lessen 变少 weak→ weaken 变弱 soft→ soften 使软化 deep→deepen加深 worse→worsen 恶化 strength→strengthen 加强,巩固 构词法:前缀en- +形容词=动词 表示"使（成）……"。 able→enable使能够 large→enlarge扩大 rich→enrich使富有,丰富 前后缀en 构词法:名词(物质)+后缀-en=形容词。 wood → wooden（木制的） 构词法:名词+后缀-en=动词 danger→endanger 使遭危险;危及 courage→encourage鼓励 如果该名词的首字母为m,p,b时,前缀en-应改为em-。 power → empower授权 作为后缀，加在极少数名词后构成复数。这是古英语的痕迹。 ox→ oxen（牛），child→ children（小孩） sharp [ʃɑːp] adj. 敏锐的，聪明的 写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. Dogs have a very sharp sense of smell. _______________ 2. The boss can be very sharp with people when she’s busy. _______________ 3. Official figures show a sharp decline in the number of wild animals in the area. _______________ 4. It looks like a very thin, sharp piece of broken glass.(2014 湖北) _______________ 5. We’re meeting at ten-thirty sharp. _______________ 很敏锐的嗅觉 对人很尖刻 急剧下降 尖的 十点半整 investigate [ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt] v. 查明，调查 investigate into 对…进行调查 investigation n. 调查 investigator n.调查员;调查者 He ordered an into the affair. The manager got down to (investigate) the matter that made them in a dilemma. investigation investigating various [ˈveəriəs] adj. 各种各样的，各种不同的 vary from A to B 从A到B不等 vary from person to person 因人而异 a variety of=varieties of 各种各样的 vary v.和...不同 variously adv.不同地;多彩地 variety n.多样化;种类 volunteer [ˌvɒlənˈtɪə] n. 志愿者，义务工作者，自愿参加者 volunteer as 自愿担任… volunteer to do sth. 志愿做某事 voluntary /ˈvɒləntri/ adj.自愿的 As a_______________，he often does work, and he thinks it's his responsibility to to help those in need. (volunteer) volunteer voluntary volunteer volunteer [ˌvɒlənˈtɪə] n. 志愿者，义务工作者，自愿参加者 形容词后缀-ary,其变形体有-ery/-ory/ -ury/ry-等。 temporary 短暂的 ordinary普通的 necessary必需的 secondary次要的 voluntary自愿的 elementary 基本的 contrary相反的 sensory adj.感觉的 auditory n.听觉的 compulsory义务的;强制的 名词后缀-ary,其变形体有-ery/-ory/-ury/ry-等。 boundary 分界线 library 图书馆 secretary 秘书 salary 工资 military军队 diary日记 dictionary 词典 summary总结 anniversary 周年纪念日 january一月 february二月 nursery‌育婴室 surgery手术室 bravery勇气 slavery奴隶制 robbery抢劫 machinery机械 ‌factory‌工厂 dormitory宿舍 laboratory实验室 observatory天文台 luxury奢侈品 century世纪 injury伤害 gain [ɡeɪn] v. 获得，赢得 获得 gain 基本义  增加  （使）获得；赢得 “获得”事物 “获得”的结果 （钟、表等走得）快 “获得”时间 “获得”速度、体重等过程  获（益） gain [ɡeɪn] v. 获得，赢得 一、汉译英。 1. 获得信心 ______________ 2. 获得广泛的支持 _________________ 3. 我的表快两分钟。__________________________ 4. 最近我胖了。_______________________ gain confidence I’ve gained weight recently. gain popular support My watch gains (by) two minutes. gain [ɡeɪn] v. 获得，赢得 二、将下列各句中的画线部分译成汉语。 1. As American fast food gains acceptance in France, more and more French children are overweight. (2014 陕西 阅读改) _______________ 2. I gained strength every time I said, “Yes, I’ll try that.” (2011 天津 完形) _______________ 3. We all gained a lot from the experience. ________________________________ 得到认可 / 被接受 我们都从这次经历中受益良多。 获得力量 gain [ɡeɪn] v. 获得，赢得 1. You will never succeed unless you are fully devoted to your work. ( 2014 湖南改) ____________ 2. In the study, we find the children gain weight during the summer. What’s the reason for the children’s ___________? (2015 浙江) 3. Sports are becoming more important in advertising on television. ( 2012 广东改) ________________ 4. I am sure we will both understand better the elderly in China. ___________________________ gain success weight gain gaining importance gain a better understanding of apply [əˈplaɪ] v. 申请 apply (to sb.) for sth.(向某人)申请某物 apply to 适用于 apply sth.to sth. 把某物应用(涂抹)于…… apply oneself to (＝be applied to)致力于/集中精力于… application n. 申请;应用 applicant n.申请人 apply [əˈplaɪ] v. 申请 汉译英。 1. 申请图书管理员的工作 ________________________________ 2. 将所学用于实践 ________________________________ 3. 涂抹化妆品 _______________ 4. 施压 / 用力 ____________________ 5. Ben would do well if only he _________________ (努力). (apply) apply for a job as a librarian apply what one has learned to practice apply make-up apply pressure / force applied himself apply [əˈplaɪ] v. 申请 一物用在另一物上 （基本义） apply 手压；脚踩 乳液等用于皮肤 将知识、技术等用于某领域 将抽象事物用于某人或某情景 努力；使专注于 将精力等长期用于某事 手脚等用于某物上 将才能等用于工作 / 任务 （对……）适用 / 有效 申请 涂；敷 运用；应用；使用 schedule [ˈʃedjuːl] n. 计划表，进度表，日程表 on schedule 按时;按照预定时间 ahead of schedule 提前 behind schedule 迟于预定时间 be scheduled to do sth. 被安排做某事 be scheduled for+日期 把 …安排在 as scheduled 按计划（地） schedule [ˈʃedjuːl] n. 计划表，进度表，日程表 1. I know, we’re a week _________________ (落后时间表) already. 2. I went back to the UK ___________________ (提前).（2016 全国改） 3. We make every effort to ensure trains run ___________________ (依照计划；按时). (2020 全国改) behind schedule ahead of schedule as scheduled opportunity [ˌɒpəˈtjuːnɪti] n. 机会，时机者 take/seize the opportunity 利用机会,抓住机会 have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事 chance n.机会 You'll have the opportunity (ask) any questions in the end. to ask opportunity [ˌɒpəˈtjuːnɪti] n. 机会，时机者 以“ity”结尾的名词常由形容词通过添加后缀“-ity”构成 able → ability 能力 popular→popularity 受欢迎;普及;流行 real→ reality 真实 equal→ equality 平等 变体形式：-ty(元音字母i脱落)，-ety(元音字母i变成e) safe→ safety 安全 cruel → cruelty 残忍 certain → certainty确定性 loyal→ loyalty忠诚 various →variety多样化;多变性 直接以 -ty 结尾的独立名词 gravity​ 重力 university 大学 opportunity n.机会 identity身份;特征 facility设备 celebrity名人 charity 慈善 opportunity [ˌɒpəˈtjuːnɪti] n. 机会，时机者 一、根据所给汉语及提示，用opportunity的词块完成下列句子。 1. Games and songs provide the _________________ (理想的机会) for classroom interaction and language development. 2. There’ll be plenty of ___________________________________________ (放松的机会) once the work is done. 3. We should _____________________ (抓住每次机会) to widen our experience. 二、根据所给提示，将下列句子译成英语。 1. 为了学好英语，我们应该找机会尽量多听英语。(opportunity) ______________________________________________________________ 2. 我要借此机会对你们的辛勤工作表示感谢。(take the opportunity to do sth) ______________________________________________________________ opportunity / opportunities for relaxing / to relax perfect opportunity seize every opportunity To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as we can. I would like to take this opportunity to thank you for all your hard work. view [vjuː] n.（一次）观看 in view 在视野范围内，在考虑中的 out of view 不在视野范围内 come into view 进入视野 in my view  在我看来;我认为 view sb./sth. as... 把某人视为..... view [vjuː] n.（一次）观看 视觉 view 肉眼看到的范围 看到的景色 对人或事物的看法  视野；视线  风景；景色  观点；看法 基本义 人 到 物 由 外 到 内 由 view [vjuː] n.（一次）观看 1. I got a place next to the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. (2014 全国) __________ 2. Do you agree with the grandfather’s view on life? (2015 天津) __________ 3. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable. (2016 全国) __________ 4. On these sites, a student can view numerous photos and art pieces from different mediums. (2011 湖南) __________ 5. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books. (2016 全国) __________ 视野；视线 视作 看；观看 观点 眼界 view [vjuː] n.（一次）观看 1. 挡住某人的视线 ___________________ 2. 映入眼帘 __________________ 3. 人生观 ___________________ 4. 鉴于；考虑到 ___________________ 1. 关于这个话题，我们有不同的观点。 We have ______________________ the subject. 2. 在我看来，人和人之间没有什么差别。 _____________________________, there is no difference between one person and another. block sb’s view come into view view of life in view of different views on / about From my point of view / In my view frightened [ˈfraɪtnd] adj. 受惊的，害怕的 be frightened of doing sth. = be frightened to do sth. 害怕做某事 be frightened that... 害怕… fright n. 惊吓 frighten v.使惊吓,使惊恐 frightening adj.令人恐惧的 The tiger looked _________ , but Lily wasn’t __________ .(frighten) frightening frightened sight [saɪt] n. 看到，看见 in sight 看得见 out of sight 看不见 at the sight of 一看见…就 come into sight 进入视野 sightless adj.盲的;看不见的 sight [saɪt] n. 看到，看见 所见之物 基本义 sight 看见的能力 看见的行为 看见的范围 看见的事物 看见的名胜古迹 视力；视觉 看见；瞥见 视域；眼界；视线 景象；情景 名胜；景点 sight [saɪt] n. 看到，看见 at first sight 一见(就)；乍一看： at the sight of 一看见： Some people will faint at the sight of blood. ‘ catch sight of 看见；发现： Suddenly, I caught sight of my English teacher in the crowd. come into sight 进入视线；映入眼帘： As the plane came down through the clouds, green fields and white houses came into sight. lose sight of 看不见；忽略；忘记： I lost sight of him in the crowd. set one’s sights on 以…为奋斗目标： sight [saɪt] n. 看到，看见 1. 丧失视力 ________________________ 2. 一见钟情 / 一见倾心 ________________________ 3. 相看两生厌 ________________________ 4. 出现在视线中 ________________________ 5. 一副惨兮兮的样子 ________________________ 6. 壮观的景象 ________________________ lose sb’s sight love at first sight can’t stand the sight of sb come into sight a sorry / pitiful sight an impressive / a splendid sight figure [ˈfɪɡə] v. 认为，以为 形状figure n (基本义) “数字”的形状 数字 体型；身材；身影 人物；人士 画像；塑像 位数 算术 图表 图形 “人或动物”的形状 “几何图形”的形状 是重要部分；是……的部分 认为；估计 计算 n v figure [ˈfɪɡə] v. 认为，以为 __________ 1. As for my favorite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty. (2016 北京书面表达) __________ 2. The way you design your home may have an effect on your figure. (2015 全国) __________ 3. It’s important for the figures to be updated regularly. (2011 北京) 人物 身材 数字 select [sɪˈlekt] v. 挑选，选择 select sb./sth. from .... 从...中选择某物 select sb. to do sth. 挑选某人做某事 select...as/to be... 挑选…作为… selective adj 慎重选择的；精挑细选的 selection n [U] & [C] 可选之人或物；选集 specific [spəˈsɪfɪk] adj. 具体的，特定的 specific details / instructions具体的细节 / 说明,操作,指南 to be specific 具体来说;确切地说 be specific to 特定于…;专属于… specifically /spəˈsɪfɪkli/ adv.特别地;明确地 The houses are designed for old people. To be , she is 29 years old. Certain traditions are specific this region. specifically specific to specific [spəˈsɪfɪk] adj. 具体的，特定的 以ic 结尾的词加ally economic→ economically 经济地 basic→ basically 基本上 scientific→ scientifically 按科学方法 automatic→ automatically 自动地 energetic→ energetically 精力充沛地 specific→ specifically 具体地 enthusiastic → enthusiastically 热情地 romantic→ romantically 浪漫地 refer [rɪˈfɜː] v. 参考，查阅 refer to　查阅;参考;提到;谈到;涉及;指的是 refer to...as... 将…称为… in/with reference to 关于 refer to a dictionary＝look up sth. in a dictionary 查字典 reference n. 参考;查阅;谈到;推荐人;介绍信 refer—referred—referred—referring prefer — preferred — preferred — preferring infer — inferred — inferred — inferring推断;推理 differ — differed — differed — differing offer — offered — offered — offering 一般以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词的过去式需要双写词尾辅音字母，再加ed，如stop-stopped refer [rɪˈfɜː] v. 参考，查阅 使联系 (to relate) refer to 在演讲、说话时联系到某人、某物 为获取信息联系某物 描述人或事物的联系 和专业人士等联系 查阅；参考 指的是 把……提交给；把……委托给 谈到；提到 refer [rɪˈfɜː] v. 参考，查阅 谈到；提到 查阅；参考 查阅；参考 提及；涉及 v refer n reference 参考书目 推荐信；推荐人 把……提交给；把……委托给 struggle [ˈstrʌɡ(ə)l] v. 奋斗，拼搏 struggle for 为…奋斗 struggle against/with … 与…斗争 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 struggle one’s way to 艰难地行进 Shona struggled ________breath . He struggled __________cancer for two years. for against struggle [ˈstrʌɡ(ə)l] v. 奋斗，拼搏 搏斗 基本义 struggle 与人搏斗 为完成某事搏斗 为到达某地搏斗 搏斗：争斗 艰难地行进 奋斗；努力 struggle [ˈstrʌɡ(ə)l] v. 奋斗，拼搏 一、在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. It was a real struggle ___________ (be) ready on time. 2. India attained independence in 1947, after _________ long struggle. (2013 全国) 3. Many students will struggle _________ (find) a sense of belonging after entering college. (2016 北京改) 4. Like it or not, our adult lives will be consumed by the struggle _________ money. (2011 安徽阅读) 5. His hands tell the story of his life as a farmer, including all his _________ (struggle). (2013 天津完形) a to be to find for struggles improve [ɪmˈpruːv] v. 改善，改进 make an improvement in 在某方面作改进 There be an improvement in... 在某方面有进步／好转 There is still room for improvement.仍有改进的余地 improvement n.改善;改进 rate [reɪt] v. 对……作评估，评价 growth rate 增长率 at a(n)... rate/at a rate of 以…的速度 rate sth (as sth) 给某物评定等级或评分 I would rate this movie as a 7 out of 10. Alice finished the race (以很慢的速度),but she won the respect of the audience. at a slow rate rate [reɪt] v. 对……作评估，评价 根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。 1. The country’s _____________ (出生率) fell to a record low last year. 2. Well, that’s one good piece of news ____________ (不管怎么说). 3. She is _______________ (评价很高) by the people she works for. 4. The car is running ________________ (以……的速度) eighty kilometers an hour. birth rate at any rate rated very highly at a speed / rate of performance [pəˈfɔːməns] n.（工作或活动中的）表现 perform an experiment进行实验；做实验 perform an operation进行手术 give a live performance进行现场表演 perform v.表演;表现;执行;运转 performer n. 表演者 performance [pəˈfɔːməns] n.（工作或活动中的）表现 做 （基本义） 做；履行；执行 表演；演出 做演出之类的事情（人） 做事情 （人） 表现；运转 人做事情 / 机器运作的结果 由具象到抽象 performance [pəˈfɔːməns] n.（工作或活动中的）表现 一、用perform的正确形式完成下列句子。 1. The star ____________ of the match was Bill Holland who scored 26 points. 2. The orchestra that gave an impressive ____________ tonight will be _____________ at the Silver Palace next week. 3. No matter how frequently _____________, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. performer performance performing performed 二、根据所给汉语提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。 1. My _____________________ (良好表现) in the job interview left me optimistic about my future and about what I can do here. (2014 安徽) 2. The musician has _____________________ (举办了十场演出) in the last three months. (2019 江苏改) given ten performances good performance performance [pəˈfɔːməns] n.（工作或活动中的）表现 名词后缀：-ence/-ency 构词法:形容词(-ent)变名词（-ence/-ency） dependent→ dependence 依靠 different → difference 不同 patient → patience 耐心 silent→ silence 寂静 urgent →urgency‌ 紧急 ​fluent →fluency​ 流利度 efficient →efficiency​ 效率 frequent→frequency 频率 词后缀：-ance /-ancy 构词法:形容词(-ant)变名词（-ance/-ancy） important → importance重要性 distant→distance 距离 significant→significance 重要性; 意义 resistant→ resistance 抵抗,抵抗力 ignorant→ignorance 无知 elegant→elegance 优雅 performance [pəˈfɔːməns] n.（工作或活动中的）表现 名词后缀：-ence/-ency 构词法:动词+名词后缀-ence/ency=名词 exist-existence 存在 infer→inference 推论,推理的结论 occur→occurrence 发生(双写) depend→dependence 依赖,依靠 differ→difference 不同,差异 tend→tendency 趋势,趋向 名词后缀：-ance/-ancy 构词法:动词+名词后缀-ance/-ancy=名词 allow→ allowance 允许 appear→ appearance 外貌;出现 perform→ performance 表演;表现 accept→acceptance 接受 exchange [ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ] v. 交流（信息、想法等） exchange rate 汇率;兑换率 an exchange student 交换生 exchange A for B 用A来换B exchange views / ideas with .. 和…交换意见 / 想法 exchange [ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ] v. 交流（信息、想法等） 人与人或物与物之间的“交换” 商品之间的“交换” 货币之间的“交换” 交换；交流 (商品的) 调换 (货币的) 兑换 交易所 n v 交换；交流 更换；兑换 交换 基本义 exchange “交换”的场所 exchange [ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ] v. 交流（信息、想法等） 前缀ex- export出口,输出（ex出+ port港口→从港口拿出→出口） express 表达（ex +press 按压→按压出来→表达） explode 爆发（ex 出 + plod 爆裂;大声音 + e → 爆炸) explore 探索（ex 出 + plor 喊,哭 + e → 喊出来 → 探索） expand扩大 (ex向外,扩展+ pand伸展→向外伸展→扩大) elect选举 (e出来+ lect选择→选出来→选举) escape逃脱(es=ex,出来+cape斗篷,披肩→挣脱斗篷出来→逃脱) effect影响(ef=ex,出来+fect做,作用→做出来的结果→效果,影响) effort努力(ef=ex,出来+fort力量→使出力量→努力) ex-wife 前妻 ex-husband前夫 ex-president 前任总统 exchange [ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ] v. 交流（信息、想法等） 1. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby _______ other food. (2015 广东) 2. I’ll type your report if you look after my baby ______ exchange. 3. If you have a book and don’t want to keep it, you can exchange it ______ me. (2012 重庆) 4. This exchange ________ greetings raised the kids’ productivity. (2009 山东) for in with of 二、将下列短语译成英语。 1. 交换生 _______________________________________ 2. 互换电话号码 __________________________________ 3. 将美元换成英镑 __________________________________ an exchange student / exchange students exchange telephone numbers / the exchange of telephone numbers exchange dollars for pounds exchange [ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ] v. 交流（信息、想法等） 三、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. Mike Perry and Max Griffin have a heated exchange on social media. __________ 2. I shook hands and exchanged a few words with the manager. __________ 3. Several people were killed during the exchange of fire. __________ 4. There was a brief exchange between the two leaders. __________ 激烈的争论 交谈 / 交流了几句 交火 交谈 Unit 1 Thank You ! Words and Expressions 新外研版必修一 $