专题05 阅读理解 （七选五） （新高考二卷） 2026年高考英语二模分类汇编

专题05 阅读理解（七选五） 参考答案 主题01 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 1．F 2．A 3．D 4．G 5．E Passage 2 1．G 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．F Passage 3 1．F 2．A 3．D 4．G 5．C 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 1．B 2．C 3．G 4．D 5．F Passage 2 1．F 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．E Passage 3 1．A 2．C 3．F 4．D 5．G 主题03人与社会——文学，艺术与体育 Passage 1 1．D 2．E 3．A 4．G 5．B Passage 2 1．E 2．D 3．F 4．A 5．G 主题04 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 Passage 1 1．F 2．G 3．D 4．B 5．E Passage 2 1．F 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．E Passage 3 1．G 2．E 3．A 4．B 5．D 主题01 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 1．A 2．F 3．E 4．B 5．G Passage 2 1．F 2．B 3．G 4．C 5．E Passage 3 1．C 2．D 3．G 4．B 5．E Passage 4 1．A 2．D 3．E 4．G 5．B Passage 5 1．F 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．C Passage 6 1．D 2．E 3．G 4．A 5．C Passage 7 1．G 2．C 3．A 4．F 5．E Passage 8 1．B 2．D 3．G 4．A 5．F Passage 9 1．G 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．F Passage 10 1．F 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．G Passage 11 1．A 2．C 3．E 4．D 5．F Passage 12 1．E 2．F 3．B 4．G 5．D Passage 13 1．F 2．E 3．C 4．D 5．A Passage 14 1．G 2．B 3．D 4．F 5．E Passage 15 1．D 2．A 3．C 4．F 5．E Passage 16 1．G 2．F 3．B 4．D 5．C Passage 17 1．G 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．F Passage 18 1．G 2．E 3．F 4．B 5．C Passage 19 1．D 2．C 3．A 4．G 5．E Passage 20 1．E 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．G Passage 21 1．E 2．A 3．F 4．C 5．B Passage 22 1．E 2．C 3．F 4．B 5．G Passage 23 1．G 2．B 3．C 4．F 5．D Passage 24 1．G 2．C 3．D 4．F 5．A Passage 25 1．C 2．F 3．E 4．B 5．G Passage 26 1．B 2．F 3．A 4．D 5．E Passage 26 1．E 2．C 3．G 4．D 5．F Passage 27 1．A 2．B 3．E 4．F 5．C Passage 28 1．D 2．A 3．E 4．G 5．C Passage 29 1．B 2．G 3．A 4．E 5．D Passage 30 1．F 2．G 3．E 4．D 5．A 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 1. C 2．G 3．A 4．E 5．B Passage 2 1. C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．F Passage 3 1. G 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．E Passage 4 1．B 2．C 3．F 4．D 5．A Passage 5 1．B 2．C 3．G 4．A 5．E Passage 6 1．F 2．G 3．B 4．C 5．D Passage 7 1．B 2．C 3．E 4．A 5．G Passage 8 1．F 2．A 3．E 4．D 5．C Passage 9 1．C 2．G 3．D 4．B 5．A Passage 10 1．A 2．D 3．G 4．C 5．E Passage 11 1．E 2．G 3．A 4．D 5．C 主题03 人与社会——历史，社会与文化 Passage 1 1．E 2．G 3．A 4．B 5．C Passage 2 1．D 2．G 3．F 4．E 5．C Passage 3 1．B 2．C 3．E 4．A 5．D Passage 4 1．G 2．C 3．E 4．A 5．D Passage 5 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．E Passage 6 1．G 2．C 3．E 4．A 5．F Passage 7 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．F 主题04 人与社会——文学，艺术与体育 Passage 1 1．D 2．F 3．E 4．A 5．B Passage 2 1．G 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．F 主题05 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 1. B 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．G Passage 2 1．D 2．C 3．E 4．B 5．F Passage 3 1．D 2．C 3．G 4．A 5．F Passage 4 1．A 2．C 3．F 4．G 5．D 主题06 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 Passage 1 1. A 2．F 3．C 4．E 5．B Passage 2 1．A 2．F 3．G 4．D 5．E Passage 3 1．D 2．F 3．C 4．A 5．G Passage 4 1．G 2．E 3．F 4．B 5．A 主题07 人与自然——环境保护和宇宙探索 Passage 1 1. C 2．A 3．G 4．D 5．F Passage 2 1．D 2．E 3．A 4．F 5．G Passage 3 1．A 2．F 3．C 4．E 5．D / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解（七选五） 参考答案 主题01 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （2026·海南·二模） 4 Ways to Calm a Tense Situation Dealing with arguments can be challenging. However, staying calm and self-aware is your greatest tool to find common ground again. 1 Remember, while working through disagreements is important, your safety comes first. If you ever feel unsafe, it is always okay to set boundaries, ask for help, or walk away. ●Use “Opposite Energy” When people start shouting and talking over each other, it’s easy to copy that same angry energy, which only makes things worse. 2 Stay calm, control your emotions, and respond thoughtfully. When one person remains reasonable, the argument usually cools down much faster. ●Stick to the Main Point Sometimes, one small problem can bring up every other past complaint. Try not to get distracted by these side issues or hurtful comments. Keep the conversation focused on the most important problem at hand. 3 ●Mind Your Words and Body Language 4 Speak softly and clearly. Avoid blaming phrases and defensive body language like pointing or crossing your arms. Instead, use open-ended questions to let the other person express themselves. Use positive phrases like, “Let’s solve this together,” or “I see your point,” to show that you understand and want to find an answer. ●Listen to the Feelings Behind the Words When people are upset, their words don’t always show their true feelings. 5 Are they scared, stressed, or hurt? Recognizing these hidden emotions can prevent you from focusing only on their sharp words. Even if you disagree, everyone wants to feel heard. Maintain eye contact, nod to show you are listening, and repeat their concerns in your own words to show you truly understand. A．Instead, try to break the pattern. B．Avoid focusing on their negative feelings. C．The following tips may help you stay safe. D．You can always deal with smaller issues later. E．Try to understand why they are acting this way. F．Try these techniques to promote more productive discussions. G．Your communication style can make the situation better or worse. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．D 4．G 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种缓解紧张局势的方法。 1．上文“Dealing with arguments can be challenging. However, staying calm and self-aware is your greatest tool to find common ground again.(处理争论可能具有挑战性。然而，保持冷静和自我意识是你重新找到共同点的最大工具。)”表明了文章的主题，即处理争论时保持冷静和自我意识的重要性。下文“Remember, while working through disagreements is important, your safety comes first.(记住，虽然解决分歧很重要，但你的安全是第一位的。)”是对处理争论时需要注意的一个方面，即安全。由此可知，空处应该是一个过渡句，引出下文要介绍的具体方法或技巧。选项F“试试这些技巧，促进更有成效的讨论”符合语境。故选F。 2．上文“When people start shouting and talking over each other, it’s easy to copy that same angry energy, which only makes things worse.(当人们开始大喊大叫，互相打断对方时，很容易复制同样的愤怒情绪，这只会让事情变得更糟。)”描述了人们在争论时的一种常见反应，即复制对方的愤怒情绪。下文“Stay calm, control your emotions, and respond thoughtfully.(保持冷静，控制你的情绪，并深思熟虑地回应。)”给出了一个与上文相反的建议，即保持冷静和理智。由此可知，空处应该是一个转折句，引出下文要保持冷静和理智的建议。选项A“相反，试着打破这种模式”符合语境，与上文形成对比。故选A。 3．上文“Keep the conversation focused on the most important problem at hand.(让对话集中在当前最重要的问题上。)”强调了在争论时要专注于主要问题。由此可知，空处应该进一步解释或说明为什么要这样做，或者这样做的好处是什么。选项D“你可以以后再处理小问题”符合语境，与上文形成互补，说明了在专注于主要问题的同时，可以暂时忽略或推迟处理小问题。故选D。 4．下文“Speak softly and clearly. Avoid blaming phrases and defensive body language like pointing or crossing your arms.(说话要轻声细语，清晰明了。避免使用指责性的短语和防御性的肢体语言，比如指指点点或交叉双臂。)”描述了在与他人交流时应该注意的沟通方式。由此可知，空处应该是一个引出下文关于沟通方式的句子。选项G“你的沟通方式可以让情况变得更好或更糟”符合语境，与下文形成呼应，强调了沟通方式的重要性。故选G。 5．上文“When people are upset, their words don’t always show their true feelings.(当人们感到不安时，他们的话并不总是能表达出他们的真实感受。)”说明了在争论时，人们的话可能并不总是真实的。下文“Are they scared, stressed, or hurt? Recognizing these hidden emotions can prevent you from focusing only on their sharp words.(他们是害怕、紧张还是受伤？识别这些隐藏的情绪可以防止你只关注他们的尖锐言辞。)”进一步解释了为什么要尝试理解对方背后的真实情绪。由此可知，空处应该是一个引出下文要尝试理解对方真实情绪的句子。选项E“试着理解他们为什么这样做”符合语境。故选E。 Passage 2 （2026·四川眉山·二模） In many cities today, life runs on speed. People walk with earphones in, reply to messages while waiting for the light to change, and scroll (浏览) through other people’s days on the way to their own. 1 Yet noticing is exactly where a calmer life begins. Think about the last time you genuinely noticed an ordinary moment: the smell of rain rising from warm pavement, or the quiet relief of finally sitting down after a long day. These small details seldom make it into anyone’s online highlights. 2 When we pay attention to them, we return to our own lives instead of merely passing by. Noticing is not a luxury only reserved for those with plenty of free time. It can take less than a minute. The point is not to create a perfect routine but to make tiny openings in the day. 3 You might pause before entering a classroom, take one slow breath, and let your shoulders drop. Or you might simply observe those around you on the bus without judgement. 4 When the world is no longer just background noise, the distance between “me” and “them” begins to narrow. In fact, it may lead us to ask for help or to offer help. Small acts like holding a door or offering a seat feel less like duties and more like natural responses. Of course, noticing does not fix everything. It won’t erase deadlines or resolve real hardships that require time, resources and support. But it gives us a clearer mind to act, rather than just react. 5 A．Noticing has a surprising social effect. B．That’s why we should try to record them online. C．As a result, we tend to focus too much on others. D．Some are easy to miss, but quietly shape how we feel. E．These moments can be simple and easily built into everyday life. F．And then, we are more likely to care, for ourselves and others, patiently. G．It seems understandable that we rarely pause to notice the present moment. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述留意当下小事能帮我们获得更平静的生活。 1．上文“In many cities today, life runs on speed. People walk with earphones in, reply to messages while waiting for the light to change, and scroll (浏览) through other people’s days on the way to their own.(如今在很多城市，生活都在赶速度：人们戴着耳机走路，等红绿灯时回消息，赶路的间隙还在刷着别人的日常。)”描述了当下人们忙碌赶速度的生活状态。空后“Yet noticing is exactly where a calmer life begins.(但留意，正是更平静生活的开端)”用转折引出留意的重要性。空处与前文为顺承关系，说明忙碌状态下人们很少留意当下的常态。选项G“It seems understandable that we rarely pause to notice the present moment.(我们很少停下来留意当下，这似乎是可以理解的)”承接了前文的忙碌状态，同时与后文的转折形成呼应，符合语境。故选G。 2．上文“These small details seldom make it into anyone’s online highlights.(这些小细节很少会出现在任何人的网络高光时刻里)”提到了日常的小细节很少被人关注。空后“When we pay attention to them, we return to our own lives instead of merely passing by.(当我们关注它们时，我们回归自己的生活，而不只是匆匆路过)”说明关注这些细节的意义。空处承接前文，说明这些细节的特点。选项D“Some are easy to miss, but quietly shape how we feel.(有些细节很容易被忽略，却悄悄塑造着我们的感受)”中的“Some”指代前文的“small details”，点明了这些不起眼细节的作用，与后文内容呼应，符合语境。故选D。 3．上文“The point is not to create a perfect routine but to make tiny openings in the day.(重点不是打造完美的日程，而是在一天里留出小小的空隙)”说明留意不需要特意安排，只要在日常留一点空隙即可。空后“You might pause before entering a classroom, take one slow breath, and let your shoulders drop. Or you might simply observe those around you on the bus without judgement.(你可以在进教室前停一下，慢慢呼吸放松肩膀；或是在公交上不带评判地观察身边的人)”举了两个日常的小例子。空处承上启下，说明这些留意的时刻很容易融入日常。选项E“These moments can be simple and easily built into everyday life.(这些时刻可以很简单，很容易融入日常生活)”中的“These moments”指代前文的“tiny openings”，引出后文的具体例子，符合语境。故选E。 4．下文“When the world is no longer just background noise, the distance between “me” and “them” begins to narrow. In fact, it may lead us to ask for help or to offer help.(当周遭的世界不再只是无关的背景杂音，“我”和“他人”之间的距离就开始慢慢缩小。事实上，这会促使我们主动求助，或是向他人伸出援手)”说明留意能拉近人际距离，带来社交层面的影响。空处是本段的总起句，点明本段的核心。选项A“Noticing has a surprising social effect.(留意有着惊人的社交效果)”总领了后文的内容，点明留意的社交作用，符合语境。故选A。 5．上文“Of course, noticing does not fix everything. It won’t erase deadlines or resolve real hardships that require time, resources and support. But it gives us a clearer mind to act, rather than just react.(当然，留意当下并不能解决所有问题。它没法帮我们消除工作的截止期限，也解决不了那些需要时间、资源与支持才能渡过的实际困境。但它能让我们头脑更清醒，去主动行动，而非只是被动应激)”说明留意能让我们更清醒地主动行动。空处承接前文，说明这种清醒行动带来的结果。选项F“And then, we are more likely to care, for ourselves and others, patiently.(然后，我们就更有可能耐心地关心自己和他人)”承接了前文的“act”，点明了留意最终带来的积极影响，符合语境。故选F。 Passage 3 （2026·四川内江·二模） Essential Internet Safety Tips Our lives are deeply connected to the internet — for work, study, and communication. 1 Identity theft, malware (恶意软件) and phishing scams are increasingly common. Fortunately, most threats can be avoided wisely. Adopting a few key safety practices can significantly reduce them. 2 However, simple ones create serious security risks. A secure password should include at least 12 characters — mixing uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols — while avoiding personal information like birthdays. Using a password manager helps generate and store unique passwords, reducing the risk of multiple account breaches from a single leak. In addition, it is safer to close old accounts you no longer use. Multi-factor authentication (MFA) provides an essential additional safeguard. 3 This might be a one-time code sent to your phone, a fingerprint scan, or a security question. Even if a password is stolen, MFA greatly reduces unauthorized access. Make sure to turn on this feature for important accounts like email and online banking. Think before you click or share online. Always check the website legitimacy (合法性) before entering sensitive data — look for “https://” and a padlock icon. Avoid clicking links in unexpected emails or downloading files from unknown sources. 4 Online safety ultimately depends on habits, not just technology. 5 Keeping regular backups of important files on an external drive or cloud service can protect you if your device is locked by malware. By combining smart tools with responsible behavior, you can surf the digital waves with confidence rather than fear. A．Passwords are a basic but critical defense. B．Building good habits takes time and effort. C．What really matters is what we do consistently. D．This extra step confirms identity in several ways. E．Many people ignore the importance of safe passwords. F．Yet this convenience often coexists with potential risks. G．A careless action can lead to malware infection or data loss. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．D 4．G 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了互联网在带来便利的同时也存在安全风险，并给出了设置安全密码、开启多因素认证、谨慎点击链接、养成良好上网习惯等几种有效防范网络安全威胁的方法。 1．上文“Our lives are deeply connected to the internet — for work, study, and communication. (我们的生活与互联网紧密相连——为了工作、学习和交流。)”指出网络与生活、工作密切相连，带来了便利；下文“Identity theft, malware and phishing scams are increasingly common. (身份盗窃、恶意软件和网络钓鱼诈骗越来越普遍)”阐述网络带来的安全风险，F选项“Yet this convenience often coexists with potential risks.(然而，这种便利往往与潜在的风险并存。)”指出网络带来便利的同时也存在风险，起到转折过渡作用，符合语境。故选F。 2．此空为段首句；根据下文“However, simple ones create serious security risks. A secure password should include at least 12 characters — mixing uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols — while avoiding personal information like birthdays. (然而，简单的密码会带来严重的安全风险。一个安全的密码应该包括至少12个字符——混合大小写字母、数字和符号——同时避免包含生日等个人信息。)”可知，本段围绕密码展开，讲简单密码的风险以及如何设置密码；选项A“Passwords are a basic but critical defense. (密码是一种基本但关键的防御手段。)”阐述密码的重要性，符合本段主旨，且衔接后文“然而简单密码会带来严重安全风险”，构成转折句，逻辑通顺。故选A。 3．上文“Multi-factor authentication (MFA) provides an essential additional safeguard. (多因素认证提供了重要的额外保护。)”指出多重身份验证提供额外的安全保障；下文“This might be a one-time code sent to your phone, a fingerprint scan, or a security question. (这可能是发送到手机的一次性代码，指纹扫描或安全问题。)”举例说明几种验证方式；D选项“This extra step confirms identity in several ways.(这一额外步骤通过多种方式验证身份。)”承上启下，进一步说明多重身份验证，选项中的“This extra step”对应前文的“additional safeguard”，“several ways”对应后文的例子“one-time code sent to your phone, a fingerprint scan, or a security question”，衔接自然。故选D。 4．上文“Always check the website legitimacy (合法性) before entering sensitive data — look for “https://” and a padlock icon. Avoid clicking links in unexpected emails or downloading files from unknown sources. (在输入敏感数据之前，一定要检查网站的合法性——查找“https://”和挂锁图标。避免点击意外邮件中的链接或从未知来源下载文件。)”提醒要核实网站合法性，不要点击可疑链接、下载未知来源文件；G选项“A careless action can lead to malware infection or data loss.(一个不小心的操作可能导致恶意软件感染或数据丢失。)”承接上文，指出点击可疑链接、下载未知来源文件等不小心操作会造成的危害与后果，解释了前文提醒的原因，符合语境。故选G。 5．上文“Online safety ultimately depends on habits, not just technology. (网络安全最终取决于习惯，而不仅仅是技术。)”以及下文“Keeping regular backups of important files on an external drive or cloud service can protect you if your device is locked by malware. By combining smart tools with responsible behavior, you can surf the digital waves with confidence rather than fear. (如果你的设备被恶意软件锁定，在外部驱动器或云服务上定期备份重要文件可以保护你。通过将智能工具与负责任的行为相结合，您可以充满信心而不是恐惧地在数字浪潮中冲浪。)”可知，确保网络安全最终取决于养成好的习惯，而非只靠技术；C选项“What really matters is what we do consistently. (真正重要的是我们一贯的做法)”进一步强调习惯的重要性，选项中的“what we do consistently”呼应上文“habits”。故选C。 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （2026·陕西咸阳·二模） Perhaps you’re in school now, or you remember the days when you were. There’s nothing like the excitement of picking classes and building your schedule. Now, a new online trend called “personal curriculum” is bringing that back-to-school feeling into everyday life this autumn. 1 It’s a magical way to create a lesson plan tailored to your own interests this autumn, from getting lost in a book or journaling to learning a new skill like crochet, mindfulness, or baking. Activities can be as simple as selecting podcasts, taking online courses, or assigning yourself small, interactive projects. The best part about the trend is its flexibility. 2 All of them are based on your will and time. It’s a grown-up version of playing school, but this time you have the freedom to curate (策划) everything. So, why try the trend? During the autumn, some people experience the autumn slump, which is marked by a drop in energy and motivation. 3 It can also allow you to take control over your well-being through making your schedule and providing you with the opportunity to engage in mindful activities, improve your mood through dopamine-boosting tasks, and build consistent habits through a structure that works best for you. 4 Focus on the topics you care about instead of what everyone else is doing. Set gentle, achievable goals and remember that progress is the priority not being perfect. Schedule small time blocks in your day for activities you’re excited about, whether it’s reading a book, knitting, or painting. 5 Self-compassion (自怜) can go a long way. A．Following a trend can bring various benefits. B．The exciting trend involves building your own “semester”. C．You choose your own subjects, create assignments and set goals. D．When you try the trend, there is something you should bear in mind. E．Get a much-needed boost of energy through your favorite activity this autumn. F．Finally, be kind to yourself even if you’ve left a project unfinished or missed a day. G．However, the trend can help through keeping your brain engaged and boosting motivation. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．G 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“个人课程”这一网络新潮流，它将重返校园的感觉带入到日常生活中。 1．前文“Now, a new online trend called “personal curriculum” is bringing that back-to-school feeling into everyday life this autumn.(现在，一种名为“个人课程”的新的在线趋势在今年秋天正将这种重返校园的感觉带入的日常生活。)”引出新潮流“personal curriculum”，后文“It’s a magical way to create a lesson plan tailored to your own interests this autumn, from getting lost in a book or journaling to learning a new skill like crochet, mindfulness, or baking.(这是一种神奇的方式，可以在今年秋天根据自己的兴趣制定一个课程计划，从沉迷于书本或日记到学习钩针编织、正念或烘焙等新技能。)”解释了这个新潮流，空处应承上启下，B选项“这个让人兴奋的潮流就是打造你自己的“学期”。”承接上文引出概念，开启下文的具体解释。故选B。 2．前文“The best part about the trend is its flexibility.(这一潮流最好的部分是它的灵活性。)”点明这个潮流最大的优点是灵活性，C选项“你可以自己选科目、布置任务、设定目标。”具体说明灵活性的体现，承接后文“All of them are based on your will and time.(所有这些都取决于你的意愿和时间。)”。故选C。 3．前文“During the autumn, some people experience the autumn slump, which is marked by a drop in energy and motivation.(在秋天，有些人会经历秋天的衰退，其特征是精力和动力下降。)”提到秋天很多人会出现“秋乏”，精力和动力下降，后文“It can also allow you to take control over your well-being through making your schedule and providing you with the opportunity to engage in mindful activities, improve your mood through dopamine-boosting tasks, and build consistent habits through a structure that works best for you.(它还可以通过制定时间表并为你提供参与正念活动的机会，让你控制自己的幸福感，通过提高多巴胺的任务来改善你的情绪，并通过最适合你的结构来建立一致的习惯。)”讲述了它（这个潮流）还能带来其他好处，所以空处应讲述这个潮流提供的好处，G选项“但这个潮流可以通过保持大脑活跃、提升动力改善这个问题。”转折引出这个潮流的作用，并引出后文其他好处。故选G。 4．空后“Focus on the topics you care about instead of what everyone else is doing. Set gentle, achievable goals and remember that progress is the priority not being perfect. Schedule small time blocks in your day for activities you’re excited about, whether it’s reading a book, knitting, or painting.(专注于你关心的话题，而不是其他人在做什么。设定温和、可实现的目标，并记住进步是首要任务，而不是完美。在一天中为你感兴趣的活动安排一小段时间，无论是读书、编织还是画画。)”介绍尝试这个潮流的具体注意事项，D选项“尝试这个潮流时，有一些要点你需要记住。”放在段首引出下文的注意事项，符合结构。故选D。 5．前文已经介绍了几条注意事项，空后“Self-compassion (自怜) can go a long way.(自我关怀会大有帮助。)”提到要自我关怀，F选项“最后，即便项目没完成、中断了一天也要善待你自己。”是最后一条注意事项，且be kind to yourself对应后文的Self-compassion。故选F。 Passage 2 （2026·陕西·二测） Cultivating a daily reading habit is a wonderful way to expand your knowledge, reduce stress, and enhance your vocabulary. However, many people struggle to stick with it, often saying they “don’t have time” or “can’t stay focused.” The good news is that these challenges are easy to overcome. 1 Choose books that truly interest you. If you pick a book only because it’s popular but doesn't appeal to your tastes, you’ll likely put it down quickly. 2 Whether it’s a mystery novel, a self-help book, or a collection of essays, focusing on topics you love makes reading feel like a pleasure not a chore. 3 Instead of aiming to finish a book in a week — something that might feel overwhelming — start with shorter targets. This doesn’t mean you have to spend hours reading every day. For example, commit to reading 10 pages each morning before breakfast or 15 minutes before bed. Meeting these small goals will build your confidence and make you more likely to keep going. Create a dedicated reading space. Having a specific spot for reading helps signal to your brain that it’s time to focus. 4 It could be a comfortable chair by the window, a corner of your bedroom, or even a park bench on nice days. Keep distractions like your phone out of reach to avoid interruptions. Track your progress. Keeping a simple log of the books you’ve read or the pages you’ve finished each day can motivate you to keep going. 5 You can also join a book club or share your progress with a friend — having someone to check in with — adds accountability. Remember, building a reading habit takes time and patience. Don’t get discouraged if you miss a day or two. Just pick up where you left off, and soon reading will become a natural part of your daily life. A．Manage your time wisely. B．Set small, achievable goals. C．The key is to find a quiet place where you feel relaxed. D．If you’re unsure what you like, try sampling a few types first. E．You can use a notebook or a reading app to record your journey. F．With the right strategies, anyone can turn reading into a part of their routine. G．Start with books that are shorter or have simpler language to build confidence. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍培养日常阅读习惯的好处，以及针对没时间、难专注等问题给出的具体可行方法，帮助人们把阅读变成日常生活的一部分。 1．根据上文“However, many people struggle to stick with it, often saying they “don’t have time” or “can’t stay focused.” The good news is that these challenges are easy to overcome.(然而，很多人难以坚持，常说自己“没时间”或“无法集中注意力”。好消息是这些问题很容易克服。)”可知，前文提出阅读困难并说明可以解决，空处需要引出下文的解决办法。F选项(有了正确的方法，任何人都可以把阅读变成日常生活的一部分)承接上文的问题，总起下文给出的具体策略，符合语境。故选F项。 2．根据上文“Choose books that truly interest you. If you pick a book only because it's popular but doesn't appeal to your tastes, you’ll likely put it down quickly.(选择你真正感兴趣的书。如果你只因为一本书流行而选择它，但它并不符合你的口味，你可能很快就会放下。)”可知，此段强调选自己感兴趣的书，空处需要补充不知道自己喜欢什么时该怎么做。D选项(如果你不确定自己喜欢什么，可以先尝试几种类型)承接上文的选书建议，给出具体做法，符合语境。故选D项。 3．根据下文“Instead of aiming to finish a book in a week — something that might feel overwhelming — start with shorter targets.(与其设定一周读完一本书的目标——这可能会让人有压力——不如从更小的目标开始。)”可知，此段核心是设定小目标。B选项(设定小的、可实现的目标)概括本段主旨，并与下文“shorter targets” “small goals”相呼应，符合语境。故选B项。 4．根据上文“Create a dedicated reading space. Having a specific spot for reading helps signal to your brain that it’s time to focus.(打造一个专门的阅读空间。有一个专门阅读的地方有助于向大脑发出该集中注意力的信号。)”可知，此段讲阅读空间，空处需要进一步说明空间的要求。C选项(关键是找一个安静、让你感到放松的地方)承接上文的阅读空间话题，具体说明空间特点，符合语境。故选C项。 5．根据上文“Track your progress. Keeping a simple log of the books you’ve read or the pages you’ve finished each day can motivate you to keep going.(记录你的进度。简单记录你读过的书或每天读完的页数可以激励你坚持下去。)”可知，此段讲记录阅读进度，空处需要说明用什么记录。E选项(你可以用笔记本或阅读应用来记录你的过程)承接上文的记录建议，给出具体工具，符合语境。故选E项。 Passage 3 （2026·海南琼海·二模） You’ll only get the good results from your exercise if you rest well and eat healthy food. The health industry wants to sell you many products to help with this, like fitness tools and nutrition pills. 1 Rest is the most important thing for recovering from exercise and daily life, and sleep is the key to rest. 2 Studies show that people who sleep and get up at the same time every day sleep better and feel more energetic. This is because your bodies work on a 24-hour cycle. If this cycle is broken, you may get sick more easily or feel bad mentally. Most experts advise you not to eat processed and overly-packaged prepared foods, which often makes eating feel like a chore. 3 So stop eating these foods. Instead, eat more vegetables, grains, meat, fish or plant-based proteins that you like and that are fresh. 4 Researchers compared two diets: one with processed foods (factory-made, ready-to-eat food) and one with natural whole foods. The two diets had the same nutrients, but people who ate processed foods for two weeks gained weight. A better way is to eat natural, unprocessed foods to feel full and satisfied. The study found people thought both foods tasted good, but still ate more processed foods without realizing it. The good news is that natural whole foods can taste really good if you cook them simply. Zachary Knight, a professor who studies hunger, says, “Arrange your life so you don’t have to always see processed food and try hard to say no to them.” 5 That way, natural whole foods will become easy snacks. A．However, it’s best to start with some basics. B．Have more processed foods when you are sleepy. C．And a foundation for better rest is, simply, routine. D．One landmark study provides some insight as to why. E．Whole foods diet is not so reasonable in some studies. F．Besides, prepared foods may disturb your sense of hunger. G．That means we had better have healthier foods close at hand. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．F 4．D 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了健身恢复中睡眠和饮食的重要性，强调了规律作息和健康饮食的好处。 1．根据上文“You’ll only get the good results from your exercise if you rest well and eat healthy food. The health industry wants to sell you many products to help with this, like fitness tools and nutrition pills.(只有充分休息并摄入健康食物，你的锻炼才能取得良好的效果。健康行业为了满足这一需求，推出了许多产品，比如健身器材和营养补剂)”可知，上文提及健身需休息和健康饮食，健康行业借此售卖健身工具、营养补剂等产品；下文转而介绍休息、饮食相关的基础方法。选项A“但是，最好先从一些基础知识开始学习”以 However表转折，“最好从一些基础的方法做起”承接上文，自然引出下文的核心内容，实现话题的合理过渡。故选A。 2．根据后文“Studies show that people who sleep and get up at the same time every day sleep better and feel more energetic. This is because your bodies work on a 24-hour cycle. If this cycle is broken, you may get sick more easily or feel bad mentally.(研究表明，每天固定时间睡觉和起床的人睡眠质量更好，精力也更充沛。这是因为人体遵循着24小时的生理周期运作。如果这个周期被打乱，你可能会更容易生病，或者精神状态也会不佳)”可知，下文核心内容为“每天按时睡觉、起床的人睡眠质量更好、更有活力”，围绕“规律作息”展开；选项C“要获得更好的休息，其基础就在于规律作息”中的“routine (规律作息) ”与下文“sleep and get up at the same time every day”呼应，点明优质休息的核心是规律作息，总起下文内容。故选C。 3．根据后文“So stop eating these foods. Instead, eat more vegetables, grains, meat, fish or plant-based proteins that you like and that are fresh.(所以，请停止食用这些食物。取而代之的是，多吃一些你喜欢的、新鲜的蔬菜、谷物、肉类、鱼类或植物性蛋白质食品)”可知，下文出现指代词“these foods”，且提出“停止食用这类食物”的建议；选项F“此外，加工食品可能会扰乱你的饥饿感”中的“prepared foods (预制食品) ”明确了“these foods”的指代对象，同时解释了预制食品会扰乱饥饿感的弊端，为下文“停止食用”提供原因，因果逻辑通顺。故选F。 4．根据后文“Researchers compared two diets: one with processed foods (factory-made, ready-to-eat food) and one with natural whole foods. The two diets had the same nutrients, but people who ate processed foods for two weeks gained weight. A better way is to eat natural, unprocessed foods to feel full and satisfied. The study found people thought both foods tasted good, but still ate more processed foods without realizing it.(研究人员对两种饮食进行了比较：一种是含有加工食品（工厂生产的、现成可食用的食品）的饮食，另一种是含有天然完整食物的饮食。这两种饮食所含的营养成分相同，但食用加工食品两周后，体重有所增加。更好的做法是食用天然、未经加工的食物，这样能让人感到饱足和满足。研究发现，人们都认为这两种食物味道都很好，但还是不知不觉地多吃了加工食品)”可知，下文详细介绍了对比加工食品和全食物饮食的具体研究；选项D“一项具有里程碑意义的研究为我们揭示了其中的原因”中的“One landmark study”直接引出下文的研究内容，“why”指代上文“为何要少吃加工食品、多吃全食物食品”的问题，起到承上启下的作用。故选D。 5．根据上文“The good news is that natural whole foods can taste really good if you cook them simply. Zachary Knight, a professor who studies hunger, says, “Arrange your life so you don’t have to always see processed food and try hard to say no to them.”(好消息是，如果简单地烹饪天然的全食物，它们的味道会非常美味。研究饥饿问题的教授扎卡里·奈特说：“调整你的生活方式，让自己不必总是看到加工食品，并努力拒绝它们。”)”以及后文“That way, natural whole foods will become easy snacks.(这样一来，天然的全食物就会成为方便的小吃)”可知，上文是教授提出的“合理安排生活，避免接触并抗拒加工食品”的抽象建议，下文提及“天然全食物能成为便捷的零食”；选项G“这意味着我们最好将更健康的食物放在随手可得的地方”中的“That”指代上文教授的建议，“随手备好健康的食物”将抽象建议转化为具体可操作的方法，且与下文“天然食物成便捷零食”形成内容呼应。故选G。 主题03人与社会——文学，艺术与体育 Passage 1 （2026·新疆·二模） Are Metrics (指标) the Best Ways to Measure Your Fitness? We count steps, track miles, and close our rings. Fitness metrics are everywhere, from online videos to wearable devices. Our devices constantly remind us if we miss our daily goals. Are these numbers really telling the whole story? 1 Merely being able to do 20 pull-ups or run a 10-minute mile does not definitively indicate good fitness. Pull-ups can be a great indicator of an overall healthy balance of muscle tissue to body fat. To build muscle tissue, men are expected to do 10 pull-ups in a row and women to aim for 4. While the number of pull-ups one can do is often seen as a gold standard of upper-body power, some argue it favors specific technique. 2 The mile run, a common military fitness test, is a good, basic measure for somebody’s aerobic (有氧的) capacity. 3 A 100-meter dash is too short to test aerobic capacity, and a marathon is a measure of endurance. Most people can run a mile in 7 to 10 minutes, which is a good range for VO₂ max. A higher VO₂ max corresponds to greater aerobic athletic potential and a reduced risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) issues such as heart disease or stroke. That said, as a single metric, the mile run cannot capture the full scope of health. Experts agree that fitness metrics can be motivating. 4 This includes maintaining consistent movement, balancing aerobic and strength training, and staying mobile enough for daily activities. 5 The World Health Organization recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity each week, plus two strength-training sessions to help preserve endurance, muscle mass, and bone density. A．The mile is also the ideal distance for such a test. B．So how often should you train to maintain or improve these goals? C．Therefore, many people now set even higher targets to push themselves further. D．Actually, these measurable targets may not fully capture what true fitness means. E．This suggests it is actually a skill-based assessment rather than a measure of fitness. F．To ensure continuous improvement, consistently exceeding minimum standards is key. G．However, they emphasize that long-term health depends more on progress than on perfection. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．A 4．G 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。健身指标虽能激发动力，但未必全面反映健康状况，专家强调长期健康更重持续进步，而非追求完美指标。 1．上文提到“Are these numbers really telling the whole story?(这些数字真的能说明全部情况吗？)”以及下文“Merely being able to do 20 pull-ups or run a 10-minute mile does not definitively indicate good fitness(仅仅能够做20个引体向上或跑一英里用10分钟并不能明确表明良好的健身水平)”可知，前一句问这些数字是否能说明全部，后一句说只做引体向上或跑一英里不能代表健康，故推测本句进一步说明数字不能代表全部体能。故选项D“实际上，这些可衡量的目标或许并不能完全体现真正的“健身”含义”符合语境。故选D。 2．上文提到“While the number of pull-ups one can do is often seen as a gold standard of upper-body power, some argue it favors specific technique(虽然一个人能做多少个引体向上通常被视为上半身力量的黄金标准，但有些人认为这更偏向于特定的技巧)”可知，上文提到引体向上被看作上肢力量黄金标准，但有人认为它偏向特定技巧，即“引体向上更像技巧，不是纯体能”，本句直接解释“technique”的结果。故选项E“这表明它实际上是一种基于技能的评估，而不是对健身水平的衡量”符合语境。故选E。 3．上文提到“The mile run, a common military fitness test, is a good, basic measure for somebody’s aerobic capacity(一英里跑是一项常见的军事体能测试，是衡量一个人有氧能力的一个很好的基本指标)”，下文又提到“A 100-meter dash is too short to test aerobic capacity, and a marathon is a measure of endurance(100米冲刺太短，无法测试有氧能力，而马拉松则是耐力的衡量标准)”可知，上文提到一英里跑是很好的有氧能力测试，后文则说100米冲刺太短，故本句是在说明测试的理想距离，故选项A“一英里也是进行这种测试的理想距离”符合语境。故选A。 4．上文提到“Experts agree that fitness metrics can be motivating(专家们一致认为，健身指标可以激发动力)”以及下文“This includes maintaining consistent movement, balancing aerobic and strength training, and staying mobile enough for daily activities (这包括保持持续的运动，平衡有氧运动和力量训练，以及保持足够的活动能力以进行日常活动)”可知，本句进一步说明专家们对于长期健康的意见，G选项中They指代上文Experts。故选项G“然而，他们强调，长期的健康状况更多地取决于进步而非完美”符合语境。故选G。 5．下文提到“The World Health Organization recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity each week, plus two strength-training sessions to help preserve endurance, muscle mass, and bone density(世界卫生组织建议每周至少进行150分钟的中等强度有氧运动，再加上两次力量训练，以帮助保持耐力、肌肉质量和骨密度)”可知，上文提到“每周至少进行150分钟的中等强度有氧运动，再加上两次力量训练”，推测本句是在说明锻炼的频率问题，故选项B“那么，为了达到这些目标并使其得以维持或有所提升，你应该多久进行一次训练呢？”符合语境。故选B。 Passage 2 （2026·四川乐山·二调） Sports Help Build a Healthier and Longer Life Building new skills and challenging your brain are generally good for healthy aging. 1 When you decide to get moving, keep these tips for a long life in mind. Make it social. For decades, social interaction has been tied to better health and a longer life. Find ways to be active with other people, like joining a run club, signing up for a group fitness class or trying a new sport through your local recreation center or park’s department. 2 Keep challenging yourself. Sports are mentally challenging too because they’re dynamic and goal-driven. But you can bring that mindset to any form of exercise. First, add some senses of freshness: a new route, a different gym routine or an unusual playing environment. Second, set clear, short-term goals that push you forward. 3 4 Common exercises like running and cycling are great ways to stay active, said Steven Moore, a metabolic epidemiologist at the National Cancer Institute. But pair them with upper-body work, including resistance training, so that you’re getting a full-body workout and building muscle. Aim for consistency. The benefits of exercise only stick if you keep doing it as you get older, said Dr. I-Min Lee, an epidemiologist at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. While tennis is sometimes called a “lifetime sport,” you don’t need to stick with one activity forever. 5 Ultimately, any and all physical activity improves long life. “Find something that works for you,” Dr. Lee said. “The bottom line is to move more.” A．Exercise your whole body. B．Try some stronger exercise. C．So it’s worth finding a sport you enjoy. D．This social element also helps with motivation and sense of responsibility. E．It’s proved that brain training like reading or chess slows down aging effectively. F．For example, you may gradually increase your walking time or add up the weight you lift. G．Mixing things up keeps exercise fresh and easier to sustain, especially as your body changes. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．F 4．A 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了运动助力健康长寿的四条实用建议：增加社交属性、不断挑战自我、进行全身锻炼、保持运动连贯性。 1．上文“Building new skills and challenging your brain are generally good for healthy aging.(培养新技能并挑战大脑通常对健康老龄化有益。)”总起指出“培养新技能、挑战大脑有益健康老龄化”，下文“When you decide to get moving, keep these tips for a long life in mind.(当你决定开始运动时，请牢记这些有助于长寿的小贴士。)”自然过渡到“运动”这一具体方式。E选项“It’s proved that brain training like reading or chess slows down aging effectively.(实验证明，像阅读或国际象棋这样的大脑训练能够有效延缓衰老。)”举例证明大脑训练（阅读、下棋）确实能延缓衰老，完美承接前文的核心观点，为后文引出运动的好处做了铺垫。故选E项。 2．本段主旨是“Make it social.(让运动更具社交性。)”，前文“Find ways to be active with other people, like joining a run club, signing up for a group fitness class or trying a new sport through your local recreation center or park’s department.(寻找与他人一起活动的方式，比如加入跑步俱乐部、报名参加团体健身课程或者通过当地娱乐中心或公园部门尝试一项新的运动。)”列举了加入跑步俱乐部、参加团体课等具体方式。D 选项“This social element also helps with motivation and sense of responsibility.(这种社交元素也有助于激发动力和责任感。)”中的This social element“这种社交元素”精准指代前文内容，进一步说明社交对运动动力和责任感的促进作用，是对本段主旨的自然延伸。故选D项。 3．本段主旨是“Keep challenging yourself.(不断挑战自我。)”，前文“Second, set clear, short-term goals that push you forward.(其次，设定清晰、短期的目标，推动你前进。)”提出了“设定清晰的短期目标”这一具体方法。F选项“For example, you may gradually increase your walking time or add up the weight you lift.(例如，你可以逐渐增加步行时间或者增加所举重物的重量。)”用“逐步增加步行时间、增加举重重量”的例子，直观地解释了如何设定并实现短期目标，与前文逻辑紧密衔接。故选F项。 4．空格是本段的小标题，需要概括全段核心内容。后文“Common exercises like running and cycling are great ways to stay active, said Steven Moore, a metabolic epidemiologist at the National Cancer Institute. But pair them with upper-body work, including resistance training, so that you’re getting a full-body workout and building muscle.(像跑步和骑自行车这样的常见运动是保持活跃的绝佳方式，美国国家癌症研究所的代谢流行病学家史蒂文·摩尔说道。但将它们与上半身锻炼相结合，包括阻力训练，这样你就能进行全身锻炼并增强肌肉。)”明确指出“跑步、骑车等运动很好，但要搭配上肢训练和抗阻训练，实现全身锻炼”。A选项“Exercise your whole body.(锻炼你的全身。)”精准概括了本段主旨。故选A项。 5．本段主旨是“Aim for consistency.(保持连贯性)。”，前文“While tennis is sometimes called a “lifetime sport,” you don’t need to stick with one activity forever.(虽然网球有时被称为“终身运动”，但你并不需要永远只从事这一项运动。)”提到“不必永远只坚持一种运动”。G 选项“Mixing things up keeps exercise fresh and easier to sustain, especially as your body changes.(变换运动方式能让锻炼保持新鲜感，也更容易坚持下去，尤其是在你的身体发生变化的情况下。)”中的Mixing things up“多样化运动”正好对应前文的“don’t need to stick with one activity forever”，并解释了多样化运动的好处 —— 保持新鲜感、更容易长期坚持，逻辑完全通顺。故选G项。 主题04 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 Passage 1 （2026·贵州·二模） Giving and receiving positive feedback Your manager called you and said she would want to discuss your performance in recent projects. 1 . On Monday morning, when you walked into her office, she first praised your excellent work, and you immediately got ready — is this a common setting for the frightening “feedback sandwich”? You are very familiar with this pattern: starting with praise, offering genuine criticism, and ending with more praise. 2 . However, when feedback follows this predictable formula, employees begin to see praise as a filler for criticism, depriving it of its true meaning. Positive feedback is better than being downgraded to a buffer (缓冲) responsibility. It should be used independently as a tool for motivation. Below are three tips to help you make positive feedback count. ● Separate positive from negative feedback When praise always comes before criticism, it loses its power. 3 . Let it be offered without a shadow — no comparison, no subtle correction. Just the simple, honest act of appreciation. ● 4 Psychologist Carol Dweck emphasized our brain’s adaptability and our capacity to develop new abilities. Rather than praising fixed traits like “you have a natural eye for detail,” focus on the process — celebrating effort, creative approaches, and problem-solving persistence. ● Create a culture of offering positive feedback Integrate positive feedback into daily interactions, not just formal reviews. Offer casual appreciation during hallway conversations or coffee breaks. Encourage team members to recognize each other’s contributions. 5 . Transforming a workplace skeptical of positive feedback takes patience, but the rewards extend beyond improved performance to a genuinely enriched professional life. A．Praise a creative mindset B．Develop a growth mindset C．She began criticizing without hesitation D．Ensure that praise sometimes exists independently E．Such habits create an environment where praise flows in all directions F．You spend the entire weekend anxious and question what you did wrong G．Many managers use this technique, wrapping negative feedback between two positives 【答案】1．F 2．G 3．D 4．B 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章以“反馈三明治”现象引入，指出积极反馈不应沦为批评的缓冲，并给出三条建议：正负反馈分离、培养成长型思维、营造积极反馈文化，以提升职场激励效果。 1．上文“Your manager called you and said she would want to discuss your performance in recent projects.( 你的经理打电话给你，说她想和你谈谈你近期项目的表现。)”提到经理打电话说要和你谈近期项目表现。下文“On Monday morning, when you walked into her office…(周一早上，当你走进她的办公室时…)”提到周一早上走进办公室。可推知，接到这种通知，人会先焦虑、担心自己出错，度过不安的周末。F选项“You spend the entire weekend anxious and question what you did wrong.(你整个周末都很焦虑，怀疑自己是不是哪里做错了。)”符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 2．上文“You are very familiar with this pattern: starting with praise, offering genuine criticism, and ending with more praise.( 你对这种模式非常熟悉：先以赞扬开始，接着给出真诚的批评，最后再以更多的赞扬结束。)”介绍了“表扬 —批评— 表扬”的反馈三明治模式。下文“However, when feedback follows this predictable formula, employees begin to see praise as a filler for criticism, depriving it of its true meaning.( 然而，如果反馈遵循这种可预测的模式，员工就会将赞扬视为批评的填充物，从而剥夺了其真正的意义。)”However 转折，说这种固定模式会让赞美失去意义。G选项“Many managers use this technique, wrapping negative feedback between two positives.(许多管理者使用这种技巧，把负面反馈夹在两段正面评价之间。)”先说明很多管理者都在使用这种方法，再转折讲问题。this technique 指代前面的 feedback sandwich，指代清晰，衔接紧密。故选G项。 3．段落主旨“Separate positive from negative feedback(区分积极反馈和消极反馈)”把正面反馈和负面反馈分开。上文“When praise always comes before criticism, it loses its power. (当赞扬总是先于批评出现时，它就会失去效力。)”提到赞美总是放在批评前面就会失去力量。下文“Let it be offered without a shadow — no comparison, no subtle correction.( 让它自然地呈现出来——不要比较，不要微妙的纠正。)”提到让赞美不带阴影、没有对比、没有修正，只是真诚欣赏。D选项“Ensure that praise sometimes exists independently.(要确保赞美有时可以独立存在。)”可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，independently对应段落主题 separate，完美呼应。故选D项。 4．下文“Rather than praising fixed traits like “you have a natural eye for detail,” focus on the process — celebrating effort, creative approaches, and problem-solving persistence.( 与其称赞诸如“你天生就善于关注细节”这类固定特质，不如关注过程——赞美努力、创新的方法以及解决问题的毅力。)”本段讲“如何正确给出积极反馈”，重点是赞美思维与过程。B选项“Develop a growth mindset(培养成长型思维)”为总结该段内容，适合作为该段小标题。故选B项。 5．段落主旨“Create a culture of offering positive feedback(营造积极反馈的文化。)”上文“Integrate positive feedback into daily interactions, not just formal reviews. Offer casual appreciation during hallway conversations or coffee breaks. Encourage team members to recognize each other’s contributions.( 将积极反馈融入日常交流中，而不仅仅是形式上的评估。在走廊交谈或咖啡休息时间里给予随意的赞赏。鼓励团队成员相互认可彼此的贡献。)”提到把赞美融入日常交流、走廊闲聊、鼓励同事互相认可。E选项“Such habits create an environment where praise flows in all directions.(这些习惯会营造出赞美四处流动的环境。)”可知，Such habits指代前面的日常赞美行为，总结自然。故选E项。 Passage 2 （2026·重庆名校联考·二模） My volunteer journey began during a summer break when I joined a local organization supporting underprivileged (贫苦的) children. Initially, I viewed it as a way to spend my free time contributing to a good cause. 1 At first, I was shocked by the challenges these children faced — poverty, lack of education, and emotional pain. 2 However, as I spent more time with them, I started to understand their resilience (适应力) and strength, which inspired me to give my best effort. That marked the beginning of a deep and lasting connection. 3 One such instance occurred when I was helping a young girl, Maria, with her challenging subject math. After weeks of working together, I saw a breakthrough as I taught a difficult concept. The joy in her eyes was indescribable. It was then that I realized the power of patience and support. 4 I was responsible for coordinating (协调) a group of volunteers, which taught me leadership and teamwork skills. Those moments shaped my approach to volunteering and motivated me to seek more opportunities to serve. The volunteer experience did more than provide valuable skills — it shifted my priorities and life goals. Before that, I had been focused on academic success and individual achievements. 5 I developed a passion for social work and community service, and I now try to integrate these into my future career. A．In spite of my intentions, I felt unprepared to help truly. B．Facing unexpected challenges helped me become more appreciative. C．Another memorable moment was during a community event we organized. D．Several critical moments made my volunteer experience truly life-changing. E．However, the experience taught me there is more to life than those things. F．Little did I know the experience would greatly transform my outlook on life. G．The stories demonstrated the influence volunteering can have on individual growth. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．E 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者暑假参加帮助贫困儿童的志愿活动，起初只是想做公益，后来深受触动，收获了成长与能力，也改变了人生观，决心未来投身社会服务。 1．前文“Initially, I viewed it as a way to spend my free time contributing to a good cause.( 起初，我认为这只是一个利用空闲时间参与有益事业的方式。)”提到作者最初把志愿活动当作打发空闲时间、做公益的方式（心态较随意）。后文“At first, I was shocked by the challenges these children faced — poverty, lack of education, and emotional pain.( 起初，我被这些孩子所面临的挑战震惊了——贫困、缺乏教育以及情感上的痛苦。)”讲述志愿过程中看到孩子的困境、收获成长，体现经历带来的巨大改变。F选项“Little did I know the experience would greatly transform my outlook on life.( 我当时一点也不知道，这段经历会极大地改变我的人生观。)”承上启下，引出后文的转变，完美匹配。故选F项。 2．前文“At first, I was shocked by the challenges these children faced — poverty, lack of education, and emotional pain.( 起初，我被这些孩子所面临的挑战震惊了——贫困、缺乏教育以及情感上的痛苦。)”提到作者被孩子面临的贫困、缺教育等困境震惊。后文“However, as I spent more time with them, Istarted to understand their resilience(适应力) and strength, which inspired me to give my best effort. That marked the beginning of a deep and lasting connection.( 然而，随着我与他们相处的时间增多，我开始理解他们的坚韧和力量，这激励我全力以赴。这标志着一段深厚且持久的联系的开始。)”提到后来理解了孩子的韧性，开始全力以赴。A选项“In spite of my intentions,I felt unprepared to help truly.( 尽管我有这个意愿，但我感觉自己真的没准备好去帮助他们。)”体现最初的手足无措，与后文的“全力以赴”形成转折，符合语境。故选A项。 3．后文“One such instance occurred when I was helping a young girl, Maria, with her challenging subject math. After weeks of working together, I saw a breakthrough as Itaught a difficult concept.( 有一个这样的例子，当时我正在帮助一个名叫玛丽亚的年轻女孩学习她困难的科目——数学。经过数周的共同努力，我看到她掌握了一个复杂的概念。她眼中的喜悦难以言表。)”具体讲述帮助女孩 Maria 学数学的难忘瞬间，体现志愿经历的意义。D 选项 “Several critical moments made my volunteer experience truly life-changing.( 几个关键的瞬间让我的志愿者经历真正改变了我的人生。)”总起下文，引出具体的 “关键瞬间”，衔接自然。故选D项。 4．前文“One such instance occurred when I was helping a young girl, Maria, with her challenging subject math.( 有一个这样的例子，当时我正在帮助一个名叫玛丽亚的年轻女孩学习她困难的科目——数学。)”讲了帮助 Maria 的一个事例，后文“I was responsible for coordinating (协调)a group of volunteers, which taught me leadership and teamwork skills. Those moments shaped my approach to volunteering and motivated me to seek more opportunities to serve.( 我负责协调一组志愿者，这让我学会了领导和团队合作的技能。那些时刻塑造了我参与志愿服务的方式，并激励我寻求更多的服务机会。)”讲自己协调志愿者、收获领导力的另一个事例。C 选项“Another memorable moment was during a community event we organized.( 另一个难忘的瞬间是在我们组织的一次社区活动中。)”引出下一个具体事例，符合逻辑。故选C项。 5．前文“Before that, I had been focused on academic success and individual achievements.( 在此之前，我一直专注于学业成绩和个人成就。)”指出作者之前只关注学业成功和个人成就。后文“I developed a passion for social work and community service, and I now try to integrate these into my future career.( 现在我对社会工作和社区服务产生了浓厚的兴趣，并且正努力将这些融入到我未来的职业生涯中。)”提到作者培养了对社会工作的热情，改变了未来职业方向。E选项“However, the experience taught me there is more to life than those things.(然而，这段经历教会我，生活中还有比那些更重要的东西。)”转折前文的个人导向，引出后文的观念转变，贴合主旨。故选E项。 Passage 3 （2026·辽宁名校联盟·二模） How to Start a Conversation with a Stranger Striking up a conversation with someone you don’t know can feel frightening. Whether it’s at a party, on a train, or in a coffee shop, the fear of rejection or awkwardness often holds us back. However, connecting with new people is one of life’s great pleasures. Here are some simple strategies to make it easier. Start with an observation. The easiest way to break the ice is to comment on your shared environment. It’s low-pressure and doesn’t require any personal information. 1 For instance, if you’re at a bookshop, you might say, “That author is amazing. Have you read any other books of his?” Use open-ended questions. Once you’ve broken the ice, keep the conversation flowing. Avoid questions that can be answered with a simple “yes” or “no.” 2 This encourages the other person to share a bit more and gives you material to work with. For example, instead of “Do you like this music?”, ask “What do you think of the band?” Practice active listening. People love to feel heard. Instead of thinking about what you’re going to say next while the other person is talking, really focus on their words. 3 It shows you’re engaged and encourages them to elaborate. A simple “That’s really interesting, tell me more” can work wonders. Find common ground. As the conversation develops, listen for shared interests or experiences. Discovering a mutual connection can instantly make a conversation more enjoyable and meaningful. 4 It could be a shared love for hiking, a dislike for a certain food, or knowing the same place. 5 Not every attempt will lead to a deep friendship, and that’s perfectly fine. If a conversation feels forced or fizzles out (逐渐消失), don’t take it personally. Simply smile, excuse yourself politely, and move on. Every conversation is practice for the next one. A．Show your interest through nods and brief comments. B．This turns a casual chat into a more engaging interaction. C．It helps to have a few interesting stories prepared in advance. D．Accept that some conversations will naturally come to an end. E．Instead, ask questions that begin with “how,” “why,” or “what.” F．It’s important to always try to keep the conversation light and humorous. G．This could be about the weather, the music playing, or the event you’re both at. 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍与陌生人开启对话的方法，给出观察环境、用开放式问题等简单策略，帮助人们轻松与陌生人交流。 1．根据上文“Start with an observation. The easiest way to break the ice is to comment on your shared environment. It’s low-pressure and doesn’t require any personal information.(从观察开始。打破僵局最简单的方法是评论你们共同的环境。这压力很小，而且不需要任何个人信息)”以及下文“For instance, if you’re at a bookshop, you might say, “That author is amazing. Have you read any other books of his?”(例如，如果你在书店，你可能会说：“那位作者太棒了。你读过他的其他书吗？”)”可知，此处应具体说明可评论的共同环境有哪些，G选项“This could be about the weather, the music playing, or the event you’re both at.(这可能是关于天气、正在播放的音乐，或者你们都在参加的活动)”中的This指代上文的shared environment，且列举的内容与下文书店的例子呼应，符合语境。故选G项。 2．根据上文“Avoid questions that can be answered with a simple “yes” or “no.”(避免用简单的“是”或“否”就能回答的问题)”以及下文“This encourages the other person to share a bit more and gives you material to work with.(这会鼓励对方多分享一些，也会给你提供可继续交流的素材)”可知，此处应说明该用什么样的问题代替“是/否”类问题，E选项“Instead, ask questions that begin with “how,” “why,” or “what.”(相反，提出以“如何”、“为什么”或“什么”开头的问题)”既承接上文的“避免简单问题”，又引出下文“鼓励对方分享”的效果，符合语境。故选E项。 3．根据上文“Practice active listening. People love to feel heard. Instead of thinking about what you’re going to say next while the other person is talking, really focus on their words.(练习积极倾听。人们喜欢被倾听的感觉。当对方说话时，不要想着你接下来要说什么，而是真正专注于他们的话语)”以及下文“It shows you’re engaged and encourages them to elaborate.(这表明你很投入，并鼓励他们详细说明)”可知，此处应说明积极倾听的具体做法，A选项“Show your interest through nods and brief comments.(通过点头和简短的评论来表达你的兴趣)”是积极倾听的具体表现，且shows you’re engaged与下文呼应，符合语境。故选A项。 4．根据上文“Find common ground. As the conversation develops, listen for shared interests or experiences. Discovering a mutual connection can instantly make a conversation more enjoyable and meaningful.(寻找共同点。随着对话的展开，倾听彼此共同的兴趣或经历。发现彼此的共同联系能立即让对话变得更愉快、更有意义)”以及下文“It could be a shared love for hiking, a dislike for a certain food, or knowing the same place.(可能是对徒步旅行的共同热爱，对某种食物的共同厌恶，或者认识同一个地方)”可知，此处应说明找到共同点后的作用，B选项“This turns a casual chat into a more engaging interaction.(这将一次随意的聊天变成更有吸引力的互动)”中的This指代上文“发现共同联系”，且衔接下文共同联系的具体例子，符合语境。故选B项。 5．根据下文“Not every attempt will lead to a deep friendship, and that’s perfectly fine. If a conversation feels forced or fizzles out (逐渐消失), don’t take it personally. Simply smile, excuse yourself politely, and move on.(并非每一次尝试都会带来深厚的友谊，这完全没关系。如果一段对话感觉很勉强或逐渐消失，不要往心里去。只需微笑，礼貌地告辞，然后继续前进)”可知，本段主要讲要接受有些对话会自然结束，D选项“Accept that some conversations will naturally come to an end.(接受有些对话会自然结束的事实)”是本段的主旨句，统领下文内容，符合语境。故选D项。 主题01 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （2026·山西临汾·二模） It’s common for us to feel worn out nowadays, yet we keep striving to build balance back into our lives. 1 Neuroscientists say spending time near water can provide a range of benefits including reducing anxiety, easing mental fatigue and refreshing us. 2 In that state we become fully immersed in what we’re doing, thus calming the mind. Bodies of water also can produce a glorious sense of awe, and it can decrease stress and help us put things into perspective. Most importantly, water is dynamic. It moves rhythmically, producing a play of light, color and sound that is fascinating, which holds our attention and gives our brains a break. 3 ● You likely have some close by, even if it is just a creek alongside the road. Start there. Then branch out to urban water like rivers, canals, fountains on the weekend or a holiday. It has healing power. 4 For example, water in pools, bathtubs, and even sprinklers (喷水装置) keeps your spirits up. If you can’t get to actual water, paintings, photographs and videos can still provide similar benefits. ● Try a water sport and get good at it. This brings a flow state — time and worries fade away as you fully engage. Being proficient can change your brain: it forms faster neural pathways, which makes it easier to enter a state of flow again. ● You can spend time on the water anywhere, anytime in your mind. 5 And when the water you imagine is water you have enjoyed in real life, the positive effect will be even stronger. A．Maybe water can help. B．So does domestic water. C．Computer-generated water scenes boosted participants’ moods. D．Spending a similar amount of time in water has the same benefits. E．Here’s some advice on how to tap into the healing power of water. F．Doing water activities like swimming or surfing helps us enter a “flow state”. G．Visualize the sun sparkling on its surface or waves hitting against the shore. 【答案】1．A 2．F 3．E 4．B 5．G 【导语】主要讲述现代人普遍身心疲惫，介绍水域治愈身心的原理，并给出多种利用水缓解压力的实用方法。 1．根据前文“It’s common for us to feel worn out nowadays, yet we keep striving to build balance back into our lives.(如今我们常常感到疲惫不堪，却依旧努力找回生活的平衡。)”以及后文“Neuroscientists say spending time near water can provide a range of benefits including reducing anxiety, easing mental fatigue and refreshing us.(神经科学家表示，待在水边益处众多，能够缓解焦虑、减轻精神疲惫、使人恢复活力。)”可知，上文提出人们身心疲惫的困境，下文介绍靠近水的各类好处。A选项“Maybe water can help.(或许水可以提供帮助。)”承接上文生活疲惫的现状，引出下文关于水的治愈作用，起到承上启下的过渡作用，符合语境。 2．根据后文“In that state we become fully immersed in what we’re doing, thus calming the mind.(在这种状态下，我们会全身心投入正在做的事，进而平复心绪。)”可知，后文出现指示短语In that state，空格处需要引出具体的状态名称。F选项“Doing water activities like swimming or surfing helps us enter a “flow state”.(游泳、冲浪等水上活动能帮助我们进入“心流状态”。)”提出flow state这一概念，对应后文指代内容，同时契合本段讲解水舒缓身心原理的内容，符合语境。 3．根据后文分段列举的亲近周边水域、尝试水上运动、想象水景等具体做法可知，下文全部为可行性建议。E选项“Here’s some advice on how to tap into the healing power of water.(以下是一些如何利用水的治愈力量的建议。)”总领下文所有分点内容，由原理介绍过渡到实际方法，衔接自然，符合语境。 4．根据前文“It has healing power.(它拥有治愈的力量。)”以及后文“For example, water in pools, bathtubs, and even sprinklers keeps your spirits up.(例如，泳池、浴缸甚至喷水装置中的水都能让人保持心情愉悦。)”可知，前文讲述自然水域的治愈力，后文举例日常生活用水的积极作用。B选项“So does domestic water.(生活用水也是如此。)”承接上文自然水景，延伸至居家日常用水，引出下文举例说明，逻辑连贯，符合语境。 5．根据前文“You can spend time on the water anywhere, anytime in your mind.(你随时随地都可以在脑海中畅想水景。)”以及后文“And when the water you imagine is water you have enjoyed in real life, the positive effect will be even stronger.(当你想象的水景是现实中亲身感受过的景象时，积极效果会更加明显。)”可知，本段核心为依靠脑海想象水景舒缓情绪。G选项“Visualize the sun sparkling on its surface or waves hitting against the shore.(想象阳光在水面闪烁、海浪拍打海岸的画面。)”具体说明脑海想象的内容，贴合本段观点，前后呼应，符合语境。 Passage 2 （2026·山西·二模） In today’s fast-paced, screen-filled world, boredom is often viewed as something to be avoided. 1 When used correctly, it helps students think more thoroughly, absorb information better, and develop creativity, all skills that make tutoring sessions and study time far more effective. Boredom isn’t a sign that learning isn’t happening. On the contrary, it creates the mental space where deep thinking, understanding, and creativity can flourish. Why will students benefit from boredom? • 2 When students rush through assignments or tutoring sessions, they often miss the chance to internalize the information. Brief moments of pause allow the brain to organize ideas and make sense of new knowledge, improving long-term memory. • Their creativity and problem-solving ability will be enhanced. Boredom encourages imagination. When students aren’t constantly entertained, their minds begin to explore possibilities. 3 • Their focus and concentration will be improved. By learning to sit with boredom, students strengthen their ability to focus. This makes study sessions, homework, and tutoring more effective and reduces the need for constant guidance. • They will achieve greater emotional resilience (韧性). Learning isn’t always easy, and students need to tolerate small struggles. Moments of boredom teach patience and resilience, preparing students to face challenges in school and beyond. Next time you feel bored, embrace it. Ask yourself: What do I already understand? What am I curious about? 4 These moments of reflection can lead to breakthroughs in understanding, boost creativity, and make learning feel more meaningful. By incorporating structured reflection and “thinking time” into learning, students can turn boredom into a powerful learning tool and transform spare moments into opportunities for growth. They can improve focus, creativity, and confidence along the way. 5 It’s a little bit of boredom. A．What if I finally figure it out? B．They will gain better understanding. C．How could I explore this topic differently? D．Boredom is an immediate indicator of failure in learning. E．Sometimes, the most effective tool for learning isn’t a textbook or even a teacher. F．However, for students, boredom can actually be a powerful tool that boosts learning. G．This can inspire innovative solutions and help students develop independent thinking skills. 【答案】1．F 2．B 3．G 4．C 5．E 【导语】这篇文章指出无聊并非学习障碍，反而能提升学生的理解、创造力、专注力与情绪韧性，是促进成长的强大学习工具。 1．前文“In today’s fast-paced, screen-filled world, boredom is often viewed as something to be avoided.(在当今这个快节奏、满是屏幕的世界里，无聊常常被视为需要避免的事情。)”指出“无聊通常被视为需要避免的东西”，后文“When used correctly, it helps students think more thoroughly, absorb information better, and develop creativity, all skills that make tutoring sessions and study time far more effective.(如果使用得当，它可以帮助学生更彻底地思考，更好地吸收信息，培养创造力，所有这些技能都可以使辅导和学习时间更加有效。)”转而阐述无聊对学习的诸多益处，此处需要一个强转折句来衔接两种对立观点。F选项“However, for students, boredom can actually be a powerful tool that boosts learning.( 但对于学生来说，无聊实际上可以成为一种强大的促进学习的工具。)”以“However”开头，直接点明“无聊对学生而言是促进学习的强大工具”，完美承接上文并引出全文核心论点。 2．此处是分论点小标题，与后文“创造力提升”、“专注力提升”以及“情绪韧性提升”构成并列结构，且需概括本段内容。根据下文“When students rush through assignments or tutoring sessions, they often miss the chance to internalize the information. Brief moments of pause allow the brain to organize ideas and make sense of new knowledge, improving long-term memory.(当学生匆忙完成作业或辅导任务时，他们往往会错失内化信息的机会。短暂的停顿能让大脑整理思路，理解新知识，从而提高长期记忆。)”可知本段核心讲“短暂的停顿让大脑组织想法、内化新知识，提高长期记忆力”，本质是帮助学生获得更好的理解，B选项“They will gain better understanding.( 他们会获得更深入的理解。)”精准概括本段主旨，且句式与其他分论点完全一致。 3．前文“Boredom encourages imagination. When students aren’t constantly entertained, their minds begin to explore possibilities.(无聊能激发想象力。当学生不再持续受到娱乐的刺激时，他们的思维开始探索各种可能性。)”指出“无聊激发想象力，让大脑探索各种可能性”；G选项“This can inspire innovative solutions and help students develop independent thinking skills.( 这可以激发创新的解决方案，并帮助学生培养独立思考的能力。)”，承接上文，说明“探索可能性”带来的具体结果，选项中的“This”指代前文“大脑开始探索各种可能性”，与本段“创造力和问题解决能力提升”的分论点高度契合。 4．前文“Next time you feel bored, embrace it. Ask yourself: What do I already understand? What am I curious about?  (下次当你感到无聊时，请接受它。问问自己：我已经了解了什么？我还有哪些地方感到好奇？)”连续提出两个引导反思的问句（“我已经理解了什么？”“我对什么感到好奇？”），结合下文“These moments of reflection(这些反思的时刻)”可知，此处需要一个同类型的反思问句保持句式和逻辑的一致性。C选项“How could I explore this topic differently?(我怎样才能以不同的方式来探讨这个主题呢？)”是关于“如何用不同方式探索主题”的反思问题，与前两个问句共同构成引导学生深度思考的系列问题，符合语境。 5．根据前文“students can turn boredom into a powerful learning tool and transform spare moments into opportunities for growth. They can improve focus, creativity, and confidence along the way. (学生可以把无聊变成一个强大的学习工具，把空闲时间变成成长的机会。他们可以提高注意力、创造力和自信心。)”以及后文“It’s a little bit of boredom.(这只是一点点的无聊。)”可知，作者强调“无聊”本身是有效工具，E选项“Sometimes, the most effective tool for learning isn’t a textbook or even a teacher.(有时候，最有效的学习工具并非教科书，甚至也不是老师。)”先否定“教科书”和“老师”这两种传统学习工具，引出“无聊”这一核心工具做铺垫，形成强烈的对比和强调，完美收束全文。 Passage 3 （2026·山西太原·二模） Tips on Connecting With Your Family in the Car In our fast-paced world, quality time with family members is often the first thing we sacrifice. Due to last-minute work calls or running-late classes, Friday movie nights are canceled and Saturday outings are frequently postponed. 1 Both short school drives and long road trips can be transformed into valuable bonding experiences by being intentional. ·Remove digital distractions. Often, phones and tablets make every member stay in their own world. This creates a disconnected environment. 2 Use this time in the car to chat, observe the scenery, or simply enjoy shared silence, fostering an atmosphere where everyone can get fully involved. ·Start gentle and interesting conversations. 3 As a result, communication breaks down. Choosing light and positive topics like favorite things, funny stories or simple wishes is the key to keeping conversations flowing. Use open-ended questions like “Where would you choose if you could go anywhere?”. This encourages everyone to share more about their inner worlds. 4 Car rides need not be just about getting from A to B．They’re also a chance to share practical knowledge. When passing a gas station, talk to teens about budgeting. Upon spotting a road sign, explain to younger kids its meaning. Small exchanges spark curiosity and build practical wisdom for everyone. ·Create musical experiences. Road trips can be a painfully long stretch in the car. That’s where the magic of music — a powerful emotional connector — comes in. Allow each member to add a few of their favorite songs and create a family playlist together. During the trip, sing along to familiar tunes, or have silly family karaoke sessions. 5 Follow these tips and turn our next car trip into a lasting warm memory. A．Make good use of road signs. B．Turn long transportation into mini education. C．But what if we fully share the moments inside the car? D．Why not encourage everyone to put away all screens? E．These shared melodies help track your family’s highlights. F．Even Sunday trips are turned into family bonding occasions. G．Exchanges often fade or turn tense with grades and criticism. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．G 4．B 5．E 【导语】文章主要介绍了在快节奏生活中，人们缺少高质量的家庭相处时间，并给出四条实用建议，指导人们利用乘车出行的碎片化时光增进家人之间的沟通与情感联结。 1．根据前文“Due to last-minute work calls or running-late classes, Friday movie nights are canceled and Saturday outings are frequently postponed.(由于临时工作电话或延迟结束的课程，周五电影之夜被取消，周六外出活动也常常被推迟。)” 以及后文“Both short school drives and long road trips can be transformed into valuable bonding experiences by being intentional.(无论是短途上学路程还是长途自驾游，用心经营都能变成珍贵的家庭相处时光。)” 可知，空前讲述家庭聚会不断被搁置，空后提出车内时光可以增进亲情；空处需要转折设问，引出车内相处的新方式。选项C“But what if we fully share the moments inside the car?(但如果我们好好共享车内时光会怎样呢？)”衔接前后文意。 2．根据前文“Often, phones and tablets make every member stay in their own world. This creates a disconnected environment.(手机和平板常常让每个家人沉浸在自己的世界里，造成彼此疏远。)”以及后文“Use this time in the car to chat, observe the scenery, or simply enjoy shared silence, fostering an atmosphere where everyone can get fully involved.(利用车内时间聊天、欣赏风景或是安静相伴，营造一种人人都能充分参与的氛围。)”可知，本段核心是远离电子设备，专注陪伴家人。选项D“Why not encourage everyone to put away all screens?(为什么不鼓励大家收起所有电子屏幕呢？)”贴合本段去除数字干扰的主题。 3．根据后文“As a result, communication breaks down.(最终，沟通走向破裂。)”可知，空处应填入会破坏家庭谈话氛围的负面交流方式。选项G“Exchanges often fade or turn tense with grades and criticism.(谈论成绩、加以指责，往往会让交流变淡或变得紧张。)”可以引出后文沟通不畅的结果。 4．根据后文“They’re also a chance to share practical knowledge.(乘车也是分享实用知识的好机会。)”以及本段举例讲解油价、路标含义等内容可知，本段主要讲述利用路途时光开展简易科普与知识教育。选项B“Turn long transportation into mini education.(把漫长的路途变成小型教育课堂。)”为本段中心句，总领下文。 5．根据前文“Allow each member to add a few of their favorite songs and create a family playlist together. During the trip, sing along to familiar tunes, or have silly family karaoke sessions.(让每位成员添加几首自己喜欢的歌曲，共同创建一份家庭歌单。旅途途中，跟着熟悉的旋律一同歌唱，或是来一场轻松欢乐的家庭卡拉OK小派对。)”可知，本段围绕音乐营造家庭氛围展开。选项E“These shared melodies help track your family’s highlights.(这些共同聆听的旋律，能够留存家庭美好回忆。)”承接音乐带来的情感价值。 Passage 4 （2026·山西运城·二模） When finances feel unclear or unpredictable, your nervous system may remain on high alert, attempting to protect you from potential dangers. 1 Fortunately, our financial situation does not simply determine our peace. It is shaped even more by how we relate to our money. When you have simple habits that help you see what is happening, make thoughtful decisions, and feel prepared for what comes next, your stress begins to soften. These supportive habits are designed for you. 2 Create a simple and supportive spending plan. A spending plan is not about limiting your life. 3 Knowing what is coming and where it is going reduces fear of the unknown. You gain clarity, which creates emotional comfort. Track what comes in and what goes out. Recording your income and spending is a powerful way to create emotional clarity. In this way, you can see what is happening with your money. 4 Awareness helps you make choices with confidence instead of reacting from worry or uncertainty. Consider checking in once a week and observing. Some people like using apps for this, while others prefer a simple notebook or notes on their phone. What matters most is consistency, not perfection. 5 It is more than a savings account. It is a sense of security. Knowing you have something set aside, even if it starts very small, can soften your stress in a noticeable way. It sends a message to your mind that you are cared for and prepared. You do not need a large amount to begin. Start with what feels realistic. Even setting aside a few dollars each week creates momentum. The habit matters more than the size. Over time, these small amounts add up and begin to form a foundation of support. A．That constant worry can be exhausting. B．Build a small but steady emergency fund. C．Make a kind and realistic plan for paying down debt. D．They may help you feel more grounded with your money. E．It’s about helping you feel calm and informed with your money. F．Staying aware and calm can help you know more about your account. G．Knowing it helps you remove the guesswork that often leads to stress. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．E 4．G 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何通过建立好的财务习惯来减轻财务压力，获得内心的平静。 1．上文“When finances feel unclear or unpredictable, your nervous system may remain on high alert, attempting to protect you from potential dangers.(当财务状况不明朗或不可预测时，你的神经系统可能会一直处于高度警惕状态，试图保护你免受潜在危险的伤害)”说明财务不明朗会让神经系统警惕、产生担忧。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明这种持续担忧的影响。所以A项“那种持续的担忧会让人疲惫不堪。”符合语境。前文的“high alert”，“potential dangers”与A项中的“constant worry”相呼应。故选A。 2．上文“When you have simple habits that help you see what is happening, make thoughtful decisions, and feel prepared for what comes next, your stress begins to soften. These supportive habits are designed for you.(当你有一些简单的习惯，帮助你看清正在发生的事情，做出深思熟虑的决定，并为接下来的事情做好准备时，你的压力就会开始缓解。这些有益的习惯是为你设计的)”说明有益的习惯能缓解财务压力、帮助应对财务问题。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明这些习惯的具体作用。所以D项“它们可能会帮助你在金钱方面更有底气。”符合语境。D项中的They与上文中的“These supportive habits”相呼应。故选D。 3．上文“A spending plan is not about limiting your life.(支出计划不是为了限制你的生活)”说明支出计划的核心不是限制，空处应承接前文，说明支出计划的真正目的。所以E项“它是为了帮助你在金钱方面感到平静和了解情况。”符合语境。E项中的It与上文中的“A spending plan”相呼应，且“not about...It’s about...”构成句式呼应，明确支出计划的真正意义。故选E。 4．上文“Recording your income and spending is a powerful way to create emotional clarity. In this way, you can see what is happening with your money.(记录你的收入和支出是一种获得情感清晰的有效方法。通过这种方式，你可以看清你的钱的去向)”说明记录收支能让人清楚资金情况。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明这种清楚了解的好处。所以G项“了解这一点有助于你消除常常导致压力的猜测。”符合语境。G项中的it与上文中的“what is happening with your money”相呼应，且“remove the guesswork”与前文的“see what is happening”形成对应。故选G。 5．下文“It is more than a savings account. It is a sense of security. Knowing you have something set aside, even if it starts very small, can soften your stress in a noticeable way.(它不仅仅是一个储蓄账户。这是一种安全感。知道自己有一些储备，即使一开始很少，也能显著缓解你的压力)”说明此处介绍的是一种能提供安全感、缓解压力的财务习惯，即储备资金。空处应是该段的主旨句，引出下文的内容。所以B项“建立一个小而稳定的应急基金。”符合语境。B项中的“emergency fund”与下文中的“something set aside”，“savings account”相呼应，概括了该段核心内容。故选B。 Passage 5 （2026·辽宁朝阳·二模） The parent-child relationship is one that nurtures the physical, emotional, and social development of a child. A high-quality parent-child relationship is important to healthy development. 1 To have a healthy parent-child relationship, parents must be responsive, trustworthy, and loving. Here are some tips for strengthening the relationship. 2 Parents who are involved in their children’s studies, friends, and activities have strong parent-child relationships. Learn what’s happening to them, understand their academics, and know their friends. Stay in regular touch with your children’s teachers or volunteer at school if you have leisure time. Listen actively. Listening passively while doing your work and responding with an occasional ‘hmm’ or ‘OK’ in between show that you are not interested. When your children speak to you, stop whatever you are doing and listen to them. 3 Remember to maintain eye contact while talking to them. Respect your children. 4 To a certain extent, while you are responsible for forming beliefs and opinions, other irrelevant factors also contribute to it. Respect their views so that they can respect you. Be a role model and exhibit positive behavior through your actions to set a positive example for your child to follow. Trust your children and be trustworthy. Showing faith in their abilities builds confidence and independence. Keep promises consistently to demonstrate integrity. 5 This balanced approach strengthens your bond, fosters responsibility, and helps them develop sound judgment. Mutual trust grows when guidance and freedom are properly balanced. A．Take an active part in children’s daily life. B．Help your children express their emotions. C．Honor their privacy while maintaining open communication. D．Give them full attention, ask questions or repeat what they said. E．Treat your children as individuals and take their thoughts seriously. F．It lays the foundation for a child’s personality and overall behavior. G．You should devote effort to helping children improve academic performance. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍高质量亲子关系的重要性及加强亲子关系的建议。 1．根据上文的“A high-quality parent-child relationship is important to healthy development.(高质量的亲子关系对健康发展很重要。)”可知，开篇强调亲子关系的重要性，结合下文的“To have a healthy parent-child relationship, parents must be responsive, trustworthy, and loving.(要建立健康的亲子关系，父母必须有回应、值得信赖且充满爱。)”可知，此空需衔接“重要性”与“建立方法”。F选项“It lays the foundation for a child’s personality and overall behavior.(它为孩子的性格和整体行为奠定基础。)”通过“lays the foundation”具体说明重要性的体现，承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。 2．分析语篇可知，此空为本段的主题句，结合下文的“Parents who are involved in their children’s studies, friends, and activities have strong parent-child relationships.(参与孩子学习、交友和活动的父母拥有牢固的亲子关系。)”可知，本段核心是“参与孩子的生活”。A选项“Take an active part in children’s daily life.(积极参与孩子的日常生活。)”中的“active part”与“involved”直接呼应，概括了学习、交友、活动等日常场景，符合段落主旨。故选A项。 3．根据上文的“When your children speak to you, stop whatever you are doing and listen to them.(当孩子和你说话时，停下手中的一切事情，倾听他们。)”可知，此处强调“专注倾听”的行动，结合下文的“Remember to maintain eye contact while talking to them.(说话时记得保持眼神交流。)”可知，此空需补充倾听的具体方式。D选项“Give them full attention, ask questions or repeat what they said.(给予他们充分关注，提问或重复他们说过的话。)”中“full attention”对应“stop whatever you are doing”，“ask questions”等细节进一步说明积极倾听的方法，与“眼神交流”并列。故选D项。 4．根据段落主题句“Respect your children.(尊重你的孩子。)”可知，此空需具体阐述尊重的表现，结合下文的“Respect their views so that they can respect you.(尊重他们的观点，这样他们才能尊重你。)”可知，核心是“尊重孩子的想法”。E选项“Treat your children as individuals and take their thoughts seriously.(把孩子当作独立个体对待，认真对待他们的想法。)”中“as individuals”体现尊重独立性，“take their thoughts seriously”直接呼应“Respect their views”，符合逻辑。故选E项。 5．根据段落主题句“Trust your children and be trustworthy.(信任你的孩子，并做值得信赖的人。)”可知，本段强调双向信任，结合下文的“This balanced approach strengthens your bond, fosters responsibility, and helps them develop sound judgment. Mutual trust grows when guidance and freedom are properly balanced.(这种平衡的方式会加强你们的纽带，培养责任感，并帮助他们形成良好的判断力。当引导与自由得到适当平衡时，相互信任就会增长。)”可知，关键词是“引导与自由的平衡”。C选项“Honor their privacy while maintaining open communication.(在保持开放沟通的同时尊重他们的隐私。)”中“privacy”对应“自由”，“open communication”对应“引导”，体现了信任关系中“平衡”的核心，与下文完全契合。故选C项。 Passage 6 （2026·辽宁·二模） Whether you’re dealing with the work, financial or family troubles, work conflict or something else that’s annoying, stress sometimes is an unavoidable part of modern life. 1 In the right amounts and in the right places, stress can motivate or energize you. 2 So it’s important to keep it in the zone where it’s helpful and doesn’t have a bad effect on your physical or mental health. Indeed, experiencing stress overload on a regular basis essentially leaves you in a constant state of fight-or-flight mode, with rising levels of stress hormones (荷尔蒙). 3 It also increases risk of developing diseases. Because stress can negatively impact your health, it’s important to take steps to manage your stress and calm yourself down. While you can’t change the challenges of modern life, you don’t have to be at their mercy. 4 You can regularly use your personal decompression valve (减压阀) to calm down, like deep breathing, physical activities, progressive muscle relaxation, connection with nature, and writing. If you use the stress-relieving strategies regularly, they’ll become second nature to you. And before you know it, you may feel less stressed in general. However, if you are still in a state of confusion and emotionally nervous, you may need to consider talking with a mental health professional. 5 The treatments he provides can help you handle and manage your stress. A．You can find ways to control stress. B．Everyone can ignore stressful moments. C．He will offer you various forms of treatments. D．Actually, stress isn’t entirely bad but can be helpful. E．It can also assist us to be productive or perform well. F．The next time you feel stressed, go outdoors and take a walk. G．Over the long term, stress puts you at higher risk of depression. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．G 4．A 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述压力是现代生活的一部分，适量有益，过载有害。要采取如深呼吸等方式管理压力，必要时寻求专业帮助。 1．由上文“stress sometimes is an unavoidable part of modern life. (压力有时是现代生活中不可避免的一部分。)”可知，此处引出压力的普遍性，空格处需转折说明压力的两面性，D项 Actually, stress isn’t entirely bad but can be helpful. (实际上，压力并非完全有害，反而可能有帮助。)符合语境，通过actually转折，总述压力有积极作用，引出下文对“适量压力”的阐述。故选D项。 2．由上文“In the right amounts and in the right places, stress can motivate or energize you. (在适量的情况下，压力可以激励你或给你能量。)”可知，此处强调适量压力的积极影响，空格处需进一步补充其具体作用，E项It can also assist us to be productive or perform well .(它还可以帮助我们提高效率或表现良好。)符合语境，also承接前文motivate or energize，并列说明压力的益处，逻辑连贯。故选E项。 3．由上文“experiencing stress overload on a regular basis essentially leaves you in a constant state of fight-or-flight mode, with rising levels of stress hormones. (经常经历压力过载基本上会让你处于持续的‘战斗或逃跑’模式，压力荷尔蒙水平上升。)”可知，此处讨论压力过载的危害，G项Over the long term, stress puts you at higher risk of depression. (从长远来看，压力会使你患抑郁症的风险更高。)符合语境，over the long term对应regularly，具体说明长期压力过载对心理健康的负面影响，且与后文increases risk of developing diseases并列。故选G项。 4．由上文“While you can’t change the challenges of modern life, you don’t have to be at their mercy. (虽然你无法改变现代生活的挑战，但你不必受它们的摆布。)”可知，此处强调主动应对压力的可能性，A项You can find ways to control stress. (你可以找到控制压力的方法。)符合语境，承接don’t have to be at their mercy，引出下文“减压方法”的具体内容，如深呼吸、运动等。故选A项。 5．由上文“you may need to consider talking with a mental health professional. (你可能需要考虑与心理健康专业人士交谈。)”可知，此处提及专业帮助的必要性，C项He will offer you various forms of treatments. (他会为你提供各种形式的治疗。)符合语境，he指代前文a mental health professional，具体说明专业人士能提供的帮助，与后文The treatments he provides形成呼应。故选C项。 Passage 7 （2026·辽宁大连·二测） In today’s digital age, screens are an unavoidable part of daily life. However, excessive screen time can affect both physical and mental health, especially for students. 1 The good news is that here are five practical tips to help you. Set clear screen time limits and stick to them. The first step to mindful screen use is setting specific limits for different types of screen activities. Use the screen time tracking features on your phone or computer to monitor your usage, and set alarms to remind you when the time is up. 2 3 For instance, make your study desk a screen-free zone except for online learning, and set the time from 7 PM to 9 PM as a screen-free period for the whole family. During these times, you can read a physical book, have a conversation with your family, or do some light exercise. Replace screen activities with offline alternatives. Many students turn to screens when they feel bored, stressed, or have free time. Instead of reaching for your phone or tablet, find offline activities that bring you joy and keep your mind active. 4 Replacing screen time with offline activities not only reduces your device usage but also enriches your daily life and improves your ability to focus on a single task. Turn off non-essential notifications(通知). 5 Every time your phone pings or vibrates (震动), your attention is pulled away from what you are doing. To avoid this, turn off all non-essential notifications on your devices. This simple change can greatly improve your focus. A．Create screen-free zones and times at home. B．Keep your study space free from electronic devices. C．These small acts of self-discipline will pay off over time. D．They can help you stay away from digital devices forever. E．Constant notifications are distractions that break your focus. F．If you want to relax, choose activities like yoga or walking outdoors. G．It can cause eye tiredness and a significant drop in focus and productivity. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．A 4．F 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了五个帮助学生合理使用屏幕、减少过度使用危害的实用建议。 1．上文“In today’s digital age, screens are an unavoidable part of daily life. However, excessive screen time can affect both physical and mental health, especially for students.(在当今数字时代，屏幕是日常生活中不可避免的一部分。然而，过度使用屏幕会影响身心健康，尤其是对学生而言)”说明过度使用屏幕有危害。空处和前文为顺接关系，补充过度使用屏幕的具体负面影响。所以G项“它会导致眼睛疲劳，注意力和工作效率大幅下降。”符合语境。G选项中的It与上文中的“excessive screen time”相呼应。故选G。 2．上文“Use the screen time tracking features on your phone or computer to monitor your usage, and set alarms to remind you when the time is up.(使用手机或电脑上的屏幕时间跟踪功能来监控你的使用情况，并设置闹钟提醒你时间到了)”说明要设定屏幕时间限制并执行。空处和前文为顺接关系，体现自律行为的长远意义。所以C项“这些小小的自律行为久而久之会有回报。”符合语境。C选项中的“These small acts of self-discipline”与上文中的“setting specific limits”，“set alarms”相呼应，故选C。 3．下文“For instance, make your study desk a screen-free zone except for online learning, and set the time from 7 PM to 9 PM as a screen-free period for the whole family.(例如，除了在线学习外，让你的书桌成为无屏幕区域，并将晚上7点到9点设定为全家的无屏幕时间)”说明要设定无屏幕的区域和时间，空处应是本段的中心句，概括该段内容。所以A项“在家中创建无屏幕区域和时间。”符合语境。A选项中的“screen-free zones and times”与下文中的“a screen-free zone”，“a screen-free period”相呼应，故选A。 4．上文“Instead of reaching for your phone or tablet, find offline activities that bring you joy and keep your mind active.(不要去拿手机或平板电脑，而是找一些能给你带来快乐、让大脑保持活跃的线下活动)”说明要找线下替代活动，空处和前文为顺接关系，举例补充适合的线下活动。所以F项“如果你想放松，可以选择瑜伽或户外散步等活动。”符合语境。F选项中的“activities like yoga or walking outdoors”与上文中的“offline activities”相呼应。故选F。 5．上文“Turn off non-essential notifications(通知).(关闭非必要通知)”说明此段主要讲述的是关闭非必要的通知。下文“Every time your phone pings or vibrates (震动), your attention is pulled away from what you are doing.(每次你的手机发出提示音或震动时，你的注意力就会从正在做的事情上被拉走)”说明通知会分散注意力，空处承上启下，点明通知的负面影响，引出下文通知对注意力的干扰。所以E项“不断的通知是分散你注意力的干扰项。”符合语境。E选项中的“notifications”是上文该词的复现，且“break your focus”与下文中的“attention is pulled away”相呼应。故选E。 Passage 8 （2026·东北三省联考·二模） We’ve all experienced it: the urge to withdraw and duck experiences we know we’ll enjoy — even when a mood boost is what we need most. 1 They just don’t seem worth the effort. And then, more likely than not, we feel worse than we did before. So how do you find the motivation to get out there, especially when you’re feeling low, stressed, tired or lonely? 2 Our drive to seek out happiness is a muscle that we can develop. To raise your reward sensitivity, you can try one exercise. Begin by planning one activity per day that will make you happy or give you a sense of accomplishment. Be realistic. 3 After you’ve enjoyed that daily moment, close your eyes and recount out loud, in the present tense, where and when you experienced the greatest joy. Home in on details and physical sensations, like the breeze cooling your face as the sun shines. 4 Many of us struggle to label our positive emotions much beyond fine, good or great. But research suggests that finding more words to describe those feelings can validate and intensify them, Dr. Meuret said. When reflecting on how something made you feel, try to be precise, using words like delighted, inspired. Share your highlight reel. Think about the details you typically volunteer when asked about your day or a recent trip. Broadcasting what made you happiest can make you feel better, spread that happiness to another person and also strengthen a bond. Find silver linings. 5 For example, if you invited co-workers to get together and only one person showed up, you could easily view that as a failure. But the silver lining, he said, would be that you got to know that one person better. Keep in mind, too, that it’s normal to sometimes feel uncomfortable with pleasurable feelings, particularly if you experience depression and anxiety. The truth is that we need to behave like happy people if we actually want to be happy. A．Expand your joy vocabulary. B．We skip the birthday party and lunch. C．Give yourself permission to feel happy. D．One proven strategy is to enhance your reward sensitivity. E．Specialists tend to focus on easing their negative symptoms. F．It helps to notice the positives hidden in things first seen as negative. G．It can be as small as treating yourself to a favorite snack, or Face Timing a friend. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．G 4．A 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当人们情绪低落、缺乏动力时，可以通过提升奖励敏感度、从小事获得快乐、丰富积极词汇、分享快乐时刻、寻找事物积极面等方法来主动培养幸福感，找回行动的动力。 1．根据前文“We’ve all experienced it: the urge to withdraw and duck experiences we know we’ll enjoy — even when a mood boost is what we need most.(我们都有过这样的经历：想要退缩、避开那些明明知道会让自己开心的事，即使我们最需要的就是提升情绪。)” 可知，前文在说人们会逃避愉快的活动；空后一句“They just don’t seem worth the effort.(它们似乎不值得花费这份精力。)” 进一步解释了逃避的原因；故推知：空处应举例说明人们具体会逃避哪些活动，指明they的指代对象；选项B“We skip the birthday party and lunch.(我们会不去参加生日派对和午餐聚会)” 符合上下文逻辑。故选B。 2．根据前文“So how do you find the motivation to get out there, especially when you’re feeling low, stressed, tired or lonely?(那么，你该如何找到走出去的动力，尤其是在你情绪低落、压力大、疲惫或孤独的时候？)” 可知，前文提出了如何寻找动力的问题；空后“Our drive to seek out happiness is a muscle that we can develop. To raise your reward sensitivity, you can try one exercise.(我们追求快乐的动力就像一块可以锻炼的肌肉。想要提高你的奖励敏感度，你可以尝试一个练习。)” 给出了具体方法；故推知：空处应回答前文问题，引出“提高奖励敏感度”这一策略；选项D“One proven strategy is to enhance your reward sensitivity.(一个行之有效的策略就是提高你的奖励敏感度)” 起到承上启下的作用。故选D。 3．根据前文 “Be realistic.(要现实一点。)” 可知，本段要求计划的活动要切合实际；故推知：空处应说明现实可行的小事；选项G“It can be as small as treating yourself to a favorite snack, or Face Timing a friend.(它可以小到请自己吃一份喜欢的零食，或者和朋友视频通话)” 符合语境。故选G。 4．此处为段落首句，总领本段内容；根据后文“Many of us struggle to label our positive emotions much beyond fine, good or great. But research suggests that finding more words to describe those feelings can validate and intensify them.(我们很多人除了用 “不错”“很好”“很棒” 之外，很难描述自己的积极情绪。但研究表明，用更多词语来形容这些感受能认可并强化这些情绪。)” 可知，本段主要讲丰富描述快乐的词汇；选项A“Expand your joy vocabulary.(扩充你描述快乐的词汇量)” 可以概括本段主旨。故选A。 5．根据前文 “Find silver linings.(看到坏事中的积极面。)” 可知，本段主题是从负面事情中发现积极之处；空后“ For example, if you invited co-workers to get together and only one person showed up, you could easily view that as a failure. But the silver lining, he said, would be that you got to know that one person better.(比如，你邀请同事们聚会，结果只来了一个人，你很容易会把这看作一次失败。但他说，这件事的积极一面是，你可以借此更深入地了解这位到场的同事。)” 为具体例子；故推知：空处应解释寻找积极面的意义；选项F“It helps to notice the positives hidden in things first seen as negative.(留意那些最初被视为负面的事情中隐藏的积极面是有帮助的)” 符合上下文逻辑。故选F。 Passage 9 （2026·吉林通化·二模） As university doors opened in September for a new year, an estimated six million people across the world took to the streets in a historic week of climate action. The power of this youth-led campaign reflected the urgency for action on the environment. So what now? 1 Here are some ideas about how you can be sustainable as a student. What you put on your plate matters: nearly a quarter of all greenhouse gases come from agriculture, and most of those are from meat and dairy. Meat and dairy consumption results in excessive (过度的) land use, industrial emissions, methane, water use and deforestation. 2 A meat-free diet has been recommended as the single-biggest way an individual can reduce their effect on the planet. Forget fast fashion: keeping your clothes for as long as possible has much more than just monetary value. In the UK, clothing has the fourth-largest environmental effect after housing, transport and food. 3 For some freshers, this will be your first time living alone, which means doing your own washing, cooking and cleaning. 4 Wash your clothes at a lower temperature, and choose a bamboo toothbrush or more eco-friendly sanitary (卫生的) products. When shopping, see if there's a zero-waste shop nearby, where all products are free from plastic packaging. Just turn up with your own container. If you're planning a weekend away with new friends, try to travel by train or bus. 5 But campaigning is important too. University campuses can be the perfect place for this. If you don't know where and how to start, see if there are any societies at your university like Student Climate Network. Students using fossil fuels in 76 universities have now committed to it. A．So recycle your clothes or mend them. B．Meat consumption delays industrial development. C．And clothing has a bigger impact on environment than food. D．Cutting out meat is an easy way to reduce your carbon footprint. E．There are simple ways you can change your habits to live more sustainably. F．Individual actions matter, as they provide an alternative to how we can live. G．For freshers starting a new chapter at university, deciding how to live your life is vital. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．F 【分析】这是一篇说明文。向大学新生介绍了几种可持续发展生活方式的建议。 1．根据上文“As university doors opened in September for a new year, an estimated six million people across the world took to the streets in a historic week of climate action. The power of this youth-led campaign reflected the urgency for action on the environment. So what now?( 随着大学在9月迎来新的一年的开学，全球估计有600万人走上街头，参加了具有历史意义的气候行动一周。这场由年轻人领导的运动的力量反映了对环境采取行动的紧迫性。那么现在呢?) ”可知，介绍完了一次年轻人领发哦的环保行动，指出年轻人采取环保行动的重要性。G项表示对于即将开启大学新篇章的新生来说，决定如何生活至关重要，deciding how to live your life…呼应问句“What now?”。下文“Here are some ideas about how you can be sustainable as a student.( 这里有一些关于作为一名学生如何可持续发展的建议)”也呼应了how to live your life，freshers指大学新生，下文多次提到这些建议是针对大学新生的。故选G项。 2．根据上文“…nearly a quarter of all greenhouse gases come from agriculture, and most of those are from meat and dairy. Meat and dairy consumption results in excessive (过度的) land use, industrial emissions, methane, water use and deforestation.(…近四分之一的温室气体来自农业，其中大部分来自肉类和奶制品。肉类和奶制品的消费导致过度的土地使用、工业排放、甲烷、水的使用和森林砍伐)可知，大量肉的消费是有害环境的，D项意为不吃肉是减少碳足迹的简单方法，契合上文，并且呼应下文的“A meat-free diet has been recommended…(无肉饮食被推荐…)”。故选D项。 3．根据上文“Forget fast fashion: keeping your clothes for as long as possible has much more than just monetary value. In the UK, clothing has the fourth-largest environmental effect after housing, transport and food.(把你的衣服保存得越久越好，这不仅仅是金钱的价值。在英国，服装对环境的影响仅次于住房、交通和食物)”可知，服装生产过程也对环境影响很大，应该建议大家回收循环使用或缝补旧衣服。故选A项。 4．根据下文“Wash your clothes at a lower temperature, and choose a bamboo toothbrush or more eco-friendly sanitary (卫生的) products. When shopping, see if there's a zero-waste shop nearby, where all products are free from plastic packaging. Just turn up with your own container. If you're planning a weekend away with new friends, try to travel by train or bus.( 用较低的温度洗衣服，选择竹牙刷或更环保的卫生用品。购物时，看看附近是否有零废物商店，在那里所有的产品都没有塑料包装。带上你自己的集装箱就行了。如果你计划和新朋友度过一个周末，试着乘火车或公共汽车旅行)”介绍了四种可持续发展的生活方式，E项意为有一些简单的方法可以改变你的习惯，让你的生活更可持续，启领下文。故选E项。 5．F项Individual actions matter, as they provide an alternative to how we can live.意为个人行为很重要，因为它们为我们的生活提供了一种选择，承接上文，第二三四段介绍的都是个人的一些绿色生活方式。下文转折“But campaigning is important too. University campuses can be the perfect place for this.(但是环保运动也很重要。大学校园是这方面的绝佳场所)”指的是集体性运动，与individual对应，F项契合上下文。故选F项。 Passage 10 （2026·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·二模） The term “executive function” refers to skills that help you solve problems, use time wisely, and make decisions. 1 This includes everyday tasks like finishing a homework assignment or straightening up your room. Here’s how to improve your executive function skills to get more done. Take small steps. For many people, just getting started is the hardest step toward achieving a task. Start by identifying one small step you can take that will make a difference. For example, if your challenge is a messy room, gather empty glasses and plates and put them in the dishwasher. Your room probably looks a little better already! Next, pick up clothing that’s been gathering on a chair and hang it up. 2 Personalize your organization. The best “system” that will help you stay organized is the one that works for you. 3 You may find this way is easier than juggling multiple sticky notes. Enjoy the satisfaction of crossing items off your list as you get them done! 4 If you have to complete a job that you’re not excited about, make it more enjoyable by combining it with something you do like. For example, play music while you gather leaves. You could also find a partner, even if it’s virtual — call a friend and clean out your messy backpacks together. Be kind to yourself. Learning executive function skills takes practice. If you forget or lose something, speak kindly to yourself the way you might to a friend who made a mistake. 5 It may feel silly at first, but repeat statements like, “You’re doing the best you can, and that’s enough.” A．Pair tasks with something fun. B．Value your time and make every moment count. C．You can probably do anything if you put in the effort. D．Then put pens and pencils in a cup, and recycle loose papers. E．You can keep a notebook and write down your daily checklist in it. F．It can also help you feel more in control about what you need to do. G．One study indicates that people treating themselves with gentleness lower stress. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．G 【导语】主要介绍执行功能的定义，并给出提升执行功能、高效完成任务的四条实用方法。 1．根据前文“The term “executive function” refers to skills that help you solve problems, use time wisely, and make decisions.(“执行功能”一词指的是帮助你解决问题、合理利用时间和做出决策的技能。)”可知，前文在解释执行功能的作用，F选项“It can also help you feel more in control about what you need to do.(它还能帮助你更好地掌控自己需要做的事情。)”进一步补充说明执行功能的益处，与前文内容衔接，符合语境。 2．根据前文“For example, if your challenge is a messy room, gather empty glasses and plates and put them in the dishwasher. Your room probably looks a little better already! Next, pick up clothing that’s been gathering on a chair and hang it up.(例如，如果你面临的挑战是房间凌乱，就把空杯子和盘子收集起来放进洗碗机。你的房间可能看起来已经好一点了！接下来，把堆在椅子上的衣服捡起来挂好。)”可知，前文在一步步列举整理房间的小步骤，D选项“Then put pens and pencils in a cup, and recycle loose papers.(然后把钢笔和铅笔放进杯子里，回收散落的纸张。)”继续补充整理房间的后续步骤，与前文逻辑连贯，符合语境。 3．根据前文“Personalize your organization. The best “system” that will help you stay organized is the one that works for you.(个性化你的整理方式。能帮你保持条理的最佳“方法”是适合你自己的那一种。)”以及后文“You may find this way is easier than juggling multiple sticky notes.(你可能会发现这种方法比应付一堆便利贴更容易。)”可知，前后文在讲适合自己的整理方法，E选项“You can keep a notebook and write down your daily checklist in it.(你可以准备一个笔记本，在里面写下每日待办事项。)”给出具体的整理方式，衔接前后文，符合语境。 4．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落相同，应为祈使句，根据空后的“If you have to complete a job that you’re not excited about, make it more enjoyable by combining it with something you do like.(如果你必须完成一项你不感兴趣的工作，可以把它和你喜欢的事情结合起来，让它变得更有趣。)”可知，本段讲把任务和有趣的事结合，A选项“Pair tasks with something fun.(把任务和有趣的事情搭配起来。)”为祈使句，能准确概括本段主题，适合作本段小标题，符合语境。 5．根据前文“Be kind to yourself. Learning executive function skills takes practice. If you forget or lose something, speak kindly to yourself the way you might to a friend who made a mistake.(善待自己。学习执行功能技能需要练习。如果你忘记或弄丢了什么东西，善待自己，就像对待犯错的朋友一样。)”可知，前文强调要善待自己，G选项“One study indicates that people treating themselves with gentleness lower stress.(一项研究表明，善待自己的人压力会更小。)”用研究结果支撑善待自己的观点，符合语境。 Passage 11 （2026·广西百色·二模） Imagine yourself promising to finish that report by Thursday, or assuring your partner you’ll be ready in “just five minutes.” Then reality hits, deadlines fly by. 1 Most people tend to systematically underestimate the time, cost and risks for future actions while overestimating their benefits. This is the “planning fallacy (谬误),” which can be very costly, and can even create health problems. Here are some strategies that can help you. 2 Instead of thinking about the task, use data. Think back to when you last completed a similar task. How long did it take? This works best if you keep some actual notes. For example, before estimating how much time you need to prepare your next presentation, review your notes from the last three presentations. Add buffers (缓冲) as percentages. Adding buffers is a good idea, but “a little extra time” will never be enough. 3 Add 25 percent to your estimate (instead of 10 minutes more). If you still end up needing more, add 50 percent next time. If you are left with extra time, adjust it down a bit next time. Don’t be depressed if you end up adding 150 percent or more. We are really that bad at estimating duration. Break tasks into steps. Large, complex tasks often fall victim to the planning fallacy. 4 Break big projects into smaller, more predictable steps, and estimate the duration of each one. It’s easier to estimate “get the sales data from last quarter” than “complete the division’s report.” The next time you think a task will take only minutes, pause and remember the planning fallacy. The goal, however, is not to become pessimistic about your capabilities. 5 Your future self will thank you. A．You are not alone. B．Learn about yourself. C．Make realistic estimates. D．This is because they involve many unknowns. E．One practical way is to add percentages instead of fixed time. F．It’s to become realistic about the complexities of the real world. G．It will damage your reputation and make others lose trust in you. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．E 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了人们常常低估未来行动所需的时间、成本和风险，高估其收益，即“计划谬误”，并给出了应对策略。 1．上文“Imagine yourself promising to finish that report by Thursday, or assuring your partner you’ll be ready in ‘just five minutes.’ Then reality hits, deadlines fly by. (想象一下，你承诺在周四前完成那份报告，或者向你的伴侣保证你“只需要五分钟”就能准备好。然后现实来了，截止日期一晃而过。）”描述了人们常常低估完成任务所需时间的情况，下文“Most people tend to systematically underestimate the time, cost and risks for future actions while overestimating their benefits. (大多数人倾向于系统性地低估未来行动的时间、成本和风险，同时高估其收益。)”进一步解释了这种现象的普遍性。A项“You are not alone. (你并不孤单。)”承上启下，说明这种情况很普遍，符合语境。故选A。 2．下文“Instead of thinking about the task, use data. Think back to when you last completed a similar task. How long did it take? This works best if you keep some actual notes. (不要去想任务本身，而是使用数据。回想一下你上次完成类似任务是什么时候。花了多长时间？如果你做一些实际的笔记，这种方法效果最好。)”提出了一个具体的应对策略，即使用数据来更准确地估计时间。C项“Make realistic estimates. (做出现实的估计。)”概括了本段内容，指出要做出符合实际的估计，符合题意，适合做小标题。故选C。 3．上文“Adding buffers is a good idea, but ‘a little extra time’ will never be enough. (增加缓冲是个好主意，但“多一点点时间”永远不够。)”指出增加缓冲时间是个好主意，但仅仅增加一点固定时间是不够的，下文“Add 25 percent to your estimate (instead of 10 minutes more). (在你的估计上增加25%（而不是再增加10分钟）。)”给出了具体的增加时间的方法，即按百分比增加。E项“One practical way is to add percentages instead of fixed time. (一个实用的方法是增加百分比而不是固定时间。)”承上启下，说明增加百分比是一个实用的方法，符合语境。故选E。 4．上文“Large, complex tasks often fall victim to the planning fallacy. (大型、复杂的任务常常成为计划谬误的牺牲品。)”指出大型、复杂的任务容易受到计划谬误的影响，下文“Break big projects into smaller, more predictable steps, and estimate the duration of each one. (把大项目分解成更小、更可预测的步骤，并估计每个步骤的持续时间。)”给出了应对策略，即把大任务分解成小任务。D项“This is because they involve many unknowns. (这是因为它们涉及许多未知因素。)”解释了为什么大型、复杂的任务容易受到计划谬误的影响，即因为它们涉及许多未知因素，并引出下文的应对策略。故选D。 5．上文“The next time you think a task will take only minutes, pause and remember the planning fallacy. The goal, however, is not to become pessimistic about your capabilities. (下次当你认为一项任务只需要几分钟时，停下来想想计划谬误。然而，目标并不是对你的能力变得悲观。)”指出要记住计划谬误，但目标不是变得悲观，下文“Your future self will thank you. (未来的你会感谢你的。)”说明采取正确策略的好处。F项“It’s to become realistic about the complexities of the real world. (而是要对现实世界的复杂性有现实的认识。)”承上启下，说明目标是要对现实世界的复杂性有现实的认识，符合语境。故选F。 Passage 12 （2026·重庆九龙坡·二测） First Aid for Emotional Outbursts: How to Hit the Brakes Emotional outbursts can happen suddenly — that flash of anger, overwhelming anxiety or sadness. These feelings come without warning. 1 Your emotions take control; your mind shuts down, and you feel consumed by tunnel vision. Here’s a four-step plan to manage these intense feelings and regain control. Realize your emotions have taken over. Once your brain’s emotional center fires up, your rational (理智的) mind goes offline. Your brain drifts into past experiences fueling your mood, making it stronger. 2 They circle back, strengthening your feelings and making escape harder. The first step is recognizing this cycle: your rational mind is offline, and racing thoughts worsen the situation. 3 As soon as you notice this emotional cycle, take action to stop it. Simply name your feelings and pattern: I’m upset; my emotional brain has taken over; I’m stuck in that negative circle. This small act creates a gap between you and your emotions. Calm yourself. Have pre-planned calming skills ready: deep breathing, mindful cooking, or distraction like watching a favorite show. 4 They work by grounding you in the present, pulling you from negative memories and worst cases. Experts advise listing these methods visibly for easy access. Once calm, circle back. Reflect: What triggered (触发) me? A partner’s critical tone, sudden work change, or small disappointment? 5 Or is it an ongoing emotional pattern? Finally, take targeted action to solve it. The key to handling emotional outbursts is balancing regulation and problem-solving. Master these steps, and you’ll hit the brakes on intense emotions before they take over. A．Stop feeling bad. B．Label what’s going on. C．Reflect why it has influenced your mood. D．Next, judge if it’s a real solvable problem. E．They hit fast, intense feelings hard to process. F．Memories turn into negative thoughts quickly. G．These techniques need no special skills and are easy to use. 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．B 4．G 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍应对情绪突然爆发的四个步骤，帮助人们及时控制强烈情绪、恢复理性。 1．上文“Emotional outbursts can happen suddenly — that flash of anger, overwhelming anxiety or sadness. These feelings come without warning.(情绪爆发可能会突然发生——愤怒的闪现、压倒性的焦虑或悲伤。这些感觉毫无预兆地出现。)”描述了情绪爆发的突然性和强烈性，E项“它们来势汹汹，强烈的情绪难以处理。”承接上文，进一步说明了这些情绪的强烈和难以处理，符合语境。故选E项。 2．上文“Your brain drifts into past experiences fueling your mood, making it stronger.(你的大脑会陷入过去的经历中，从而加剧你的情绪，使其更加强烈。)”说明大脑会陷入过去的经历，F项“记忆很快会变成消极的想法。”承接上文，说明记忆会很快变成消极的想法，与后文“They circle back, strengthening your feelings and making escape harder.(它们会循环回来，增强你的感觉，让你更难逃脱。)”呼应，且后文中的“They”指代F项中“negative thoughts”，说明消极的想法会循环回来，增强你的感觉，符合语境。故选F项。 3．根据后文“As soon as you notice this emotional cycle, take action to stop it. Simply name your feelings and pattern: I’m upset; my emotional brain has taken over; I’m stuck in that negative circle. This small act creates a gap between you and your emotions.(一旦你注意到这个情绪循环，就采取行动阻止它。只需说出你的感受和模式：我很沮丧；我的情绪大脑占据了主导；我陷入了那个消极的循环。这个小小的举动会在你和你的情绪之间制造一个隔阂。)”可知，本段主要介绍了要说出自己的感受和模式，给自己的情绪贴上标签，B项“给正在发生的事情贴上标签。”符合语境，适合作为本段小标题。故选B项。 4．上文“Have pre-planned calming skills ready: deep breathing, mindful cooking, or distraction like watching a favorite show.(提前准备好冷静的技巧：深呼吸、专注烹饪，或者像看喜欢的节目这样的分散注意力的活动。)”介绍了一些冷静的技巧，G项“这些技巧不需要特殊技能，易于使用。”承接上文，说明这些技巧的特点，符合语境。故选G项。 5．上文“Reflect: What triggered (触发) me? A partner’s critical tone, sudden work change, or small disappointment?(反思：是什么触发了我？伴侣批评的语气、突然的工作变动，还是小小的失望？)” 提出反思触发点，后文“Or is it an ongoing emotional pattern?(又或者这是一个持续的情绪模式？)”用“Or”构成并列疑问，D选项“接下来，判断这是不是一个真正可以解决的问题。”承接上文，与后文语义并列、逻辑连贯，符合语境。故选D项。 Passage 13 （2026·重庆·二诊） Dealing With Family Stress When families face stressful issues, the ways they respond often depend on their dealing and stress-management resources. In times of hardship, it might be hard to imagine how to decrease stress within the family system. 1 First, consider carrying out a practice of having a family meeting where members can explore how the current stressors are impacting them. 2 For example, can you each agree not to talk over each other or to take a break if one of you starts to raise your voice. This can help ensure each member feels safe and heard. 3 Each family member can then get some alone time. During this time, that family member is supported in relaxing and joining in an activity they find comforting without interruptions from others. Doing so can allow greater space for rest and relaxation and support the development of internal resources. To support mental wellness, a calm corner could be helpful. A calm corner is a part of the house that is set aside for quiet reflection. When things are feeling stressful, it is a place to go to take deep breaths and regulate nervous system. 4 Please be gentle with yourself during this process as it can be challenging to shift deeply fixed patterns, perspectives, and resources. It takes time to build and develop different skills and responses to stress. 5 Grant yourself patience and grace and take things one day and one moment at a time. A．Change takes consistent effort over time. B．It’s necessary to seek shared family activities. C．It may also be helpful to create a family schedule. D．Such a place can be friendly for kids and adults alike. E．Before digging into dialogue, set some shared agreements. F．However, even small actions can lead to different outcomes. G．Focus on your emotions before considering the family’s needs. 【答案】1．F 2．E 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍当家庭面临压力时，家庭成员可以采取的缓解家庭压力的方法，如召开家庭会议、安排独处时间、设置冷静角等。 1．根据上文“In times of hardship, it might be hard to imagine how to decrease stress within the family system.(在困难时期，人们可能很难想象如何减少家庭内部的压力。)”可知，家庭减压看似困难，结合下文给出的具体减压方法，此处需表转折，引出可行的办法。F选项（然而，即使是微小的行动也能带来不同的结果。）承接上文且与下文形成转折关系。故选F项。 2．根据上文“First, consider carrying out a practice of having a family meeting where members can explore how the current stressors are impacting them.(首先，考虑召开家庭会议，让成员们探讨当前压力源对他们的影响。)”以及下文“For example, can you each agree not to talk over each other or to take a break if one of you starts to raise your voice.(例如，你们能否约定不互相打断，或者如果有人开始提高嗓门就暂停一下。)”可知，此处需提出召开会议前的准备，即约定规则。E选项（在深入交流之前，制定一些共同的约定。）承接上文会议话题，且下文为该选项的具体举例。故选E项。 3．根据下文“Each family member can then get some alone time.(然后每个家庭成员都可以有一些独处时间。)”可知，此段介绍安排个人专属时间的方法。C选项（制定家庭日程表或许也有帮助。）引出下文独处时间的安排。故选C项。 4．根据上文“To support mental wellness, a calm corner could be helpful. A calm corner is a part of the house that is set aside for quiet reflection. When things are feeling stressful, it is a place to go to take deep breaths and regulate nervous system.(为了支持心理健康，一个安静的角落可能会有所帮助。安静的角落是房子里留出来用于安静反思的一部分。当感到有压力时，这是一个可以深呼吸和调节神经系统的地方。)”可知，此段主要讲设置冷静角对心理健康有帮助，此处应进一步说明冷静角对小孩和大人都有好处。D选项（这样的地方对小孩和大人都很友好。）符合语境，其中“Such a place”指代上文“A calm corner”。故选D项。 5．根据上文“It takes time to build and develop different skills and responses to stress.(培养和发展应对压力的不同技能和反应需要时间。)”可知，此段强调改变需要时间与坚持。A选项（改变需要长期持续的努力。）承接上文，与后文“Grant yourself patience and grace and take things one day and one moment at a time.(给予自己耐心和宽容，一天一天、一刻一刻地处理事情。)”相呼应。故选A项。 Passage 14 （2026·云南昆明·二测） Surfing is a full-body workout that engages multiple muscle groups. If you want to better your surfing skills but may not have immediate access to the water, practicing on land is an excellent alternative. 1 . In this article, we will explore how to practice surf$ 专题05 阅读理解（七选五） 主题01 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （2026·海南·二模） 4 Ways to Calm a Tense Situation Dealing with arguments can be challenging. However, staying calm and self-aware is your greatest tool to find common ground again. 1 Remember, while working through disagreements is important, your safety comes first. If you ever feel unsafe, it is always okay to set boundaries, ask for help, or walk away. ●Use “Opposite Energy” When people start shouting and talking over each other, it’s easy to copy that same angry energy, which only makes things worse. 2 Stay calm, control your emotions, and respond thoughtfully. When one person remains reasonable, the argument usually cools down much faster. ●Stick to the Main Point Sometimes, one small problem can bring up every other past complaint. Try not to get distracted by these side issues or hurtful comments. Keep the conversation focused on the most important problem at hand. 3 ●Mind Your Words and Body Language 4 Speak softly and clearly. Avoid blaming phrases and defensive body language like pointing or crossing your arms. Instead, use open-ended questions to let the other person express themselves. Use positive phrases like, “Let’s solve this together,” or “I see your point,” to show that you understand and want to find an answer. ●Listen to the Feelings Behind the Words When people are upset, their words don’t always show their true feelings. 5 Are they scared, stressed, or hurt? Recognizing these hidden emotions can prevent you from focusing only on their sharp words. Even if you disagree, everyone wants to feel heard. Maintain eye contact, nod to show you are listening, and repeat their concerns in your own words to show you truly understand. A．Instead, try to break the pattern. B．Avoid focusing on their negative feelings. C．The following tips may help you stay safe. D．You can always deal with smaller issues later. E．Try to understand why they are acting this way. F．Try these techniques to promote more productive discussions. G．Your communication style can make the situation better or worse. Passage 2 （2026·四川眉山·二模） In many cities today, life runs on speed. People walk with earphones in, reply to messages while waiting for the light to change, and scroll (浏览) through other people’s days on the way to their own. 1 Yet noticing is exactly where a calmer life begins. Think about the last time you genuinely noticed an ordinary moment: the smell of rain rising from warm pavement, or the quiet relief of finally sitting down after a long day. These small details seldom make it into anyone’s online highlights. 2 When we pay attention to them, we return to our own lives instead of merely passing by. Noticing is not a luxury only reserved for those with plenty of free time. It can take less than a minute. The point is not to create a perfect routine but to make tiny openings in the day. 3 You might pause before entering a classroom, take one slow breath, and let your shoulders drop. Or you might simply observe those around you on the bus without judgement. 4 When the world is no longer just background noise, the distance between “me” and “them” begins to narrow. In fact, it may lead us to ask for help or to offer help. Small acts like holding a door or offering a seat feel less like duties and more like natural responses. Of course, noticing does not fix everything. It won’t erase deadlines or resolve real hardships that require time, resources and support. But it gives us a clearer mind to act, rather than just react. 5 A．Noticing has a surprising social effect. B．That’s why we should try to record them online. C．As a result, we tend to focus too much on others. D．Some are easy to miss, but quietly shape how we feel. E．These moments can be simple and easily built into everyday life. F．And then, we are more likely to care, for ourselves and others, patiently. G．It seems understandable that we rarely pause to notice the present moment. Passage 3 （2026·四川内江·二模） Essential Internet Safety Tips Our lives are deeply connected to the internet — for work, study, and communication. 1 Identity theft, malware (恶意软件) and phishing scams are increasingly common. Fortunately, most threats can be avoided wisely. Adopting a few key safety practices can significantly reduce them. 2 However, simple ones create serious security risks. A secure password should include at least 12 characters — mixing uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols — while avoiding personal information like birthdays. Using a password manager helps generate and store unique passwords, reducing the risk of multiple account breaches from a single leak. In addition, it is safer to close old accounts you no longer use. Multi-factor authentication (MFA) provides an essential additional safeguard. 3 This might be a one-time code sent to your phone, a fingerprint scan, or a security question. Even if a password is stolen, MFA greatly reduces unauthorized access. Make sure to turn on this feature for important accounts like email and online banking. Think before you click or share online. Always check the website legitimacy (合法性) before entering sensitive data — look for “https://” and a padlock icon. Avoid clicking links in unexpected emails or downloading files from unknown sources. 4 Online safety ultimately depends on habits, not just technology. 5 Keeping regular backups of important files on an external drive or cloud service can protect you if your device is locked by malware. By combining smart tools with responsible behavior, you can surf the digital waves with confidence rather than fear. A．Passwords are a basic but critical defense. B．Building good habits takes time and effort. C．What really matters is what we do consistently. D．This extra step confirms identity in several ways. E．Many people ignore the importance of safe passwords. F．Yet this convenience often coexists with potential risks. G．A careless action can lead to malware infection or data loss. 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （2026·陕西咸阳·二模） Perhaps you’re in school now, or you remember the days when you were. There’s nothing like the excitement of picking classes and building your schedule. Now, a new online trend called “personal curriculum” is bringing that back-to-school feeling into everyday life this autumn. 1 It’s a magical way to create a lesson plan tailored to your own interests this autumn, from getting lost in a book or journaling to learning a new skill like crochet, mindfulness, or baking. Activities can be as simple as selecting podcasts, taking online courses, or assigning yourself small, interactive projects. The best part about the trend is its flexibility. 2 All of them are based on your will and time. It’s a grown-up version of playing school, but this time you have the freedom to curate (策划) everything. So, why try the trend? During the autumn, some people experience the autumn slump, which is marked by a drop in energy and motivation. 3 It can also allow you to take control over your well-being through making your schedule and providing you with the opportunity to engage in mindful activities, improve your mood through dopamine-boosting tasks, and build consistent habits through a structure that works best for you. 4 Focus on the topics you care about instead of what everyone else is doing. Set gentle, achievable goals and remember that progress is the priority not being perfect. Schedule small time blocks in your day for activities you’re excited about, whether it’s reading a book, knitting, or painting. 5 Self-compassion (自怜) can go a long way. A．Following a trend can bring various benefits. B．The exciting trend involves building your own “semester”. C．You choose your own subjects, create assignments and set goals. D．When you try the trend, there is something you should bear in mind. E．Get a much-needed boost of energy through your favorite activity this autumn. F．Finally, be kind to yourself even if you’ve left a project unfinished or missed a day. G．However, the trend can help through keeping your brain engaged and boosting motivation. Passage 2 （2026·陕西·二测） Cultivating a daily reading habit is a wonderful way to expand your knowledge, reduce stress, and enhance your vocabulary. However, many people struggle to stick with it, often saying they “don’t have time” or “can’t stay focused.” The good news is that these challenges are easy to overcome. 1 Choose books that truly interest you. If you pick a book only because it’s popular but doesn't appeal to your tastes, you’ll likely put it down quickly. 2 Whether it’s a mystery novel, a self-help book, or a collection of essays, focusing on topics you love makes reading feel like a pleasure not a chore. 3 Instead of aiming to finish a book in a week — something that might feel overwhelming — start with shorter targets. This doesn’t mean you have to spend hours reading every day. For example, commit to reading 10 pages each morning before breakfast or 15 minutes before bed. Meeting these small goals will build your confidence and make you more likely to keep going. Create a dedicated reading space. Having a specific spot for reading helps signal to your brain that it’s time to focus. 4 It could be a comfortable chair by the window, a corner of your bedroom, or even a park bench on nice days. Keep distractions like your phone out of reach to avoid interruptions. Track your progress. Keeping a simple log of the books you’ve read or the pages you’ve finished each day can motivate you to keep going. 5 You can also join a book club or share your progress with a friend — having someone to check in with — adds accountability. Remember, building a reading habit takes time and patience. Don’t get discouraged if you miss a day or two. Just pick up where you left off, and soon reading will become a natural part of your daily life. A．Manage your time wisely. B．Set small, achievable goals. C．The key is to find a quiet place where you feel relaxed. D．If you’re unsure what you like, try sampling a few types first. E．You can use a notebook or a reading app to record your journey. F．With the right strategies, anyone can turn reading into a part of their routine. G．Start with books that are shorter or have simpler language to build confidence. Passage 3 （2026·海南琼海·二模） You’ll only get the good results from your exercise if you rest well and eat healthy food. The health industry wants to sell you many products to help with this, like fitness tools and nutrition pills. 1 Rest is the most important thing for recovering from exercise and daily life, and sleep is the key to rest. 2 Studies show that people who sleep and get up at the same time every day sleep better and feel more energetic. This is because your bodies work on a 24-hour cycle. If this cycle is broken, you may get sick more easily or feel bad mentally. Most experts advise you not to eat processed and overly-packaged prepared foods, which often makes eating feel like a chore. 3 So stop eating these foods. Instead, eat more vegetables, grains, meat, fish or plant-based proteins that you like and that are fresh. 4 Researchers compared two diets: one with processed foods (factory-made, ready-to-eat food) and one with natural whole foods. The two diets had the same nutrients, but people who ate processed foods for two weeks gained weight. A better way is to eat natural, unprocessed foods to feel full and satisfied. The study found people thought both foods tasted good, but still ate more processed foods without realizing it. The good news is that natural whole foods can taste really good if you cook them simply. Zachary Knight, a professor who studies hunger, says, “Arrange your life so you don’t have to always see processed food and try hard to say no to them.” 5 That way, natural whole foods will become easy snacks. A．However, it’s best to start with some basics. B．Have more processed foods when you are sleepy. C．And a foundation for better rest is, simply, routine. D．One landmark study provides some insight as to why. E．Whole foods diet is not so reasonable in some studies. F．Besides, prepared foods may disturb your sense of hunger. G．That means we had better have healthier foods close at hand. 主题03人与社会——文学，艺术与体育 Passage 1 （2026·新疆·二模） Are Metrics (指标) the Best Ways to Measure Your Fitness? We count steps, track miles, and close our rings. Fitness metrics are everywhere, from online videos to wearable devices. Our devices constantly remind us if we miss our daily goals. Are these numbers really telling the whole story? 1 Merely being able to do 20 pull-ups or run a 10-minute mile does not definitively indicate good fitness. Pull-ups can be a great indicator of an overall healthy balance of muscle tissue to body fat. To build muscle tissue, men are expected to do 10 pull-ups in a row and women to aim for 4. While the number of pull-ups one can do is often seen as a gold standard of upper-body power, some argue it favors specific technique. 2 The mile run, a common military fitness test, is a good, basic measure for somebody’s aerobic (有氧的) capacity. 3 A 100-meter dash is too short to test aerobic capacity, and a marathon is a measure of endurance. Most people can run a mile in 7 to 10 minutes, which is a good range for VO₂ max. A higher VO₂ max corresponds to greater aerobic athletic potential and a reduced risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) issues such as heart disease or stroke. That said, as a single metric, the mile run cannot capture the full scope of health. Experts agree that fitness metrics can be motivating. 4 This includes maintaining consistent movement, balancing aerobic and strength training, and staying mobile enough for daily activities. 5 The World Health Organization recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity each week, plus two strength-training sessions to help preserve endurance, muscle mass, and bone density. A．The mile is also the ideal distance for such a test. B．So how often should you train to maintain or improve these goals? C．Therefore, many people now set even higher targets to push themselves further. D．Actually, these measurable targets may not fully capture what true fitness means. E．This suggests it is actually a skill-based assessment rather than a measure of fitness. F．To ensure continuous improvement, consistently exceeding minimum standards is key. G．However, they emphasize that long-term health depends more on progress than on perfection. Passage 2 （2026·四川乐山·二调） Sports Help Build a Healthier and Longer Life Building new skills and challenging your brain are generally good for healthy aging. 1 When you decide to get moving, keep these tips for a long life in mind. Make it social. For decades, social interaction has been tied to better health and a longer life. Find ways to be active with other people, like joining a run club, signing up for a group fitness class or trying a new sport through your local recreation center or park’s department. 2 Keep challenging yourself. Sports are mentally challenging too because they’re dynamic and goal-driven. But you can bring that mindset to any form of exercise. First, add some senses of freshness: a new route, a different gym routine or an unusual playing environment. Second, set clear, short-term goals that push you forward. 3 4 Common exercises like running and cycling are great ways to stay active, said Steven Moore, a metabolic epidemiologist at the National Cancer Institute. But pair them with upper-body work, including resistance training, so that you’re getting a full-body workout and building muscle. Aim for consistency. The benefits of exercise only stick if you keep doing it as you get older, said Dr. I-Min Lee, an epidemiologist at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. While tennis is sometimes called a “lifetime sport,” you don’t need to stick with one activity forever. 5 Ultimately, any and all physical activity improves long life. “Find something that works for you,” Dr. Lee said. “The bottom line is to move more.” A．Exercise your whole body. B．Try some stronger exercise. C．So it’s worth finding a sport you enjoy. D．This social element also helps with motivation and sense of responsibility. E．It’s proved that brain training like reading or chess slows down aging effectively. F．For example, you may gradually increase your walking time or add up the weight you lift. G．Mixing things up keeps exercise fresh and easier to sustain, especially as your body changes. 主题04 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 Passage 1 （2026·贵州·二模） Giving and receiving positive feedback Your manager called you and said she would want to discuss your performance in recent projects. 1 . On Monday morning, when you walked into her office, she first praised your excellent work, and you immediately got ready — is this a common setting for the frightening “feedback sandwich”? You are very familiar with this pattern: starting with praise, offering genuine criticism, and ending with more praise. 2 . However, when feedback follows this predictable formula, employees begin to see praise as a filler for criticism, depriving it of its true meaning. Positive feedback is better than being downgraded to a buffer (缓冲) responsibility. It should be used independently as a tool for motivation. Below are three tips to help you make positive feedback count. ● Separate positive from negative feedback When praise always comes before criticism, it loses its power. 3 . Let it be offered without a shadow — no comparison, no subtle correction. Just the simple, honest act of appreciation. ● 4 Psychologist Carol Dweck emphasized our brain’s adaptability and our capacity to develop new abilities. Rather than praising fixed traits like “you have a natural eye for detail,” focus on the process — celebrating effort, creative approaches, and problem-solving persistence. ● Create a culture of offering positive feedback Integrate positive feedback into daily interactions, not just formal reviews. Offer casual appreciation during hallway conversations or coffee breaks. Encourage team members to recognize each other’s contributions. 5 . Transforming a workplace skeptical of positive feedback takes patience, but the rewards extend beyond improved performance to a genuinely enriched professional life. A．Praise a creative mindset B．Develop a growth mindset C．She began criticizing without hesitation D．Ensure that praise sometimes exists independently E．Such habits create an environment where praise flows in all directions F．You spend the entire weekend anxious and question what you did wrong G．Many managers use this technique, wrapping negative feedback between two positives Passage 2 （2026·重庆名校联考·二模） My volunteer journey began during a summer break when I joined a local organization supporting underprivileged (贫苦的) children. Initially, I viewed it as a way to spend my free time contributing to a good cause. 1 At first, I was shocked by the challenges these children faced — poverty, lack of education, and emotional pain. 2 However, as I spent more time with them, I started to understand their resilience (适应力) and strength, which inspired me to give my best effort. That marked the beginning of a deep and lasting connection. 3 One such instance occurred when I was helping a young girl, Maria, with her challenging subject math. After weeks of working together, I saw a breakthrough as I taught a difficult concept. The joy in her eyes was indescribable. It was then that I realized the power of patience and support. 4 I was responsible for coordinating (协调) a group of volunteers, which taught me leadership and teamwork skills. Those moments shaped my approach to volunteering and motivated me to seek more opportunities to serve. The volunteer experience did more than provide valuable skills — it shifted my priorities and life goals. Before that, I had been focused on academic success and individual achievements. 5 I developed a passion for social work and community service, and I now try to integrate these into my future career. A．In spite of my intentions, I felt unprepared to help truly. B．Facing unexpected challenges helped me become more appreciative. C．Another memorable moment was during a community event we organized. D．Several critical moments made my volunteer experience truly life-changing. E．However, the experience taught me there is more to life than those things. F．Little did I know the experience would greatly transform my outlook on life. G．The stories demonstrated the influence volunteering can have on individual growth. Passage 3 （2026·辽宁名校联盟·二模） How to Start a Conversation with a Stranger Striking up a conversation with someone you don’t know can feel frightening. Whether it’s at a party, on a train, or in a coffee shop, the fear of rejection or awkwardness often holds us back. However, connecting with new people is one of life’s great pleasures. Here are some simple strategies to make it easier. Start with an observation. The easiest way to break the ice is to comment on your shared environment. It’s low-pressure and doesn’t require any personal information. 1 For instance, if you’re at a bookshop, you might say, “That author is amazing. Have you read any other books of his?” Use open-ended questions. Once you’ve broken the ice, keep the conversation flowing. Avoid questions that can be answered with a simple “yes” or “no.” 2 This encourages the other person to share a bit more and gives you material to work with. For example, instead of “Do you like this music?”, ask “What do you think of the band?” Practice active listening. People love to feel heard. Instead of thinking about what you’re going to say next while the other person is talking, really focus on their words. 3 It shows you’re engaged and encourages them to elaborate. A simple “That’s really interesting, tell me more” can work wonders. Find common ground. As the conversation develops, listen for shared interests or experiences. Discovering a mutual connection can instantly make a conversation more enjoyable and meaningful. 4 It could be a shared love for hiking, a dislike for a certain food, or knowing the same place. 5 Not every attempt will lead to a deep friendship, and that’s perfectly fine. If a conversation feels forced or fizzles out (逐渐消失), don’t take it personally. Simply smile, excuse yourself politely, and move on. Every conversation is practice for the next one. A．Show your interest through nods and brief comments. B．This turns a casual chat into a more engaging interaction. C．It helps to have a few interesting stories prepared in advance. D．Accept that some conversations will naturally come to an end. E．Instead, ask questions that begin with “how,” “why,” or “what.” F．It’s important to always try to keep the conversation light and humorous. G．This could be about the weather, the music playing, or the event you’re both at. 主题01 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （2026·山西临汾·二模） It’s common for us to feel worn out nowadays, yet we keep striving to build balance back into our lives. 1 Neuroscientists say spending time near water can provide a range of benefits including reducing anxiety, easing mental fatigue and refreshing us. 2 In that state we become fully immersed in what we’re doing, thus calming the mind. Bodies of water also can produce a glorious sense of awe, and it can decrease stress and help us put things into perspective. Most importantly, water is dynamic. It moves rhythmically, producing a play of light, color and sound that is fascinating, which holds our attention and gives our brains a break. 3 ● You likely have some close by, even if it is just a creek alongside the road. Start there. Then branch out to urban water like rivers, canals, fountains on the weekend or a holiday. It has healing power. 4 For example, water in pools, bathtubs, and even sprinklers (喷水装置) keeps your spirits up. If you can’t get to actual water, paintings, photographs and videos can still provide similar benefits. ● Try a water sport and get good at it. This brings a flow state — time and worries fade away as you fully engage. Being proficient can change your brain: it forms faster neural pathways, which makes it easier to enter a state of flow again. ● You can spend time on the water anywhere, anytime in your mind. 5 And when the water you imagine is water you have enjoyed in real life, the positive effect will be even stronger. A．Maybe water can help. B．So does domestic water. C．Computer-generated water scenes boosted participants’ moods. D．Spending a similar amount of time in water has the same benefits. E．Here’s some advice on how to tap into the healing power of water. F．Doing water activities like swimming or surfing helps us enter a “flow state”. G．Visualize the sun sparkling on its surface or waves hitting against the shore. Passage 2 （2026·山西·二模） In today’s fast-paced, screen-filled world, boredom is often viewed as something to be avoided. 1 When used correctly, it helps students think more thoroughly, absorb information better, and develop creativity, all skills that make tutoring sessions and study time far more effective. Boredom isn’t a sign that learning isn’t happening. On the contrary, it creates the mental space where deep thinking, understanding, and creativity can flourish. Why will students benefit from boredom? • 2 When students rush through assignments or tutoring sessions, they often miss the chance to internalize the information. Brief moments of pause allow the brain to organize ideas and make sense of new knowledge, improving long-term memory. • Their creativity and problem-solving ability will be enhanced. Boredom encourages imagination. When students aren’t constantly entertained, their minds begin to explore possibilities. 3 • Their focus and concentration will be improved. By learning to sit with boredom, students strengthen their ability to focus. This makes study sessions, homework, and tutoring more effective and reduces the need for constant guidance. • They will achieve greater emotional resilience (韧性). Learning isn’t always easy, and students need to tolerate small struggles. Moments of boredom teach patience and resilience, preparing students to face challenges in school and beyond. Next time you feel bored, embrace it. Ask yourself: What do I already understand? What am I curious about? 4 These moments of reflection can lead to breakthroughs in understanding, boost creativity, and make learning feel more meaningful. By incorporating structured reflection and “thinking time” into learning, students can turn boredom into a powerful learning tool and transform spare moments into opportunities for growth. They can improve focus, creativity, and confidence along the way. 5 It’s a little bit of boredom. A．What if I finally figure it out? B．They will gain better understanding. C．How could I explore this topic differently? D．Boredom is an immediate indicator of failure in learning. E．Sometimes, the most effective tool for learning isn’t a textbook or even a teacher. F．However, for students, boredom can actually be a powerful tool that boosts learning. G．This can inspire innovative solutions and help students develop independent thinking skills. Passage 3 （2026·山西太原·二模） Tips on Connecting With Your Family in the Car In our fast-paced world, quality time with family members is often the first thing we sacrifice. Due to last-minute work calls or running-late classes, Friday movie nights are canceled and Saturday outings are frequently postponed. 1 Both short school drives and long road trips can be transformed into valuable bonding experiences by being intentional. ·Remove digital distractions. Often, phones and tablets make every member stay in their own world. This creates a disconnected environment. 2 Use this time in the car to chat, observe the scenery, or simply enjoy shared silence, fostering an atmosphere where everyone can get fully involved. ·Start gentle and interesting conversations. 3 As a result, communication breaks down. Choosing light and positive topics like favorite things, funny stories or simple wishes is the key to keeping conversations flowing. Use open-ended questions like “Where would you choose if you could go anywhere?”. This encourages everyone to share more about their inner worlds. 4 Car rides need not be just about getting from A to B．They’re also a chance to share practical knowledge. When passing a gas station, talk to teens about budgeting. Upon spotting a road sign, explain to younger kids its meaning. Small exchanges spark curiosity and build practical wisdom for everyone. ·Create musical experiences. Road trips can be a painfully long stretch in the car. That’s where the magic of music — a powerful emotional connector — comes in. Allow each member to add a few of their favorite songs and create a family playlist together. During the trip, sing along to familiar tunes, or have silly family karaoke sessions. 5 Follow these tips and turn our next car trip into a lasting warm memory. A．Make good use of road signs. B．Turn long transportation into mini education. C．But what if we fully share the moments inside the car? D．Why not encourage everyone to put away all screens? E．These shared melodies help track your family’s highlights. F．Even Sunday trips are turned into family bonding occasions. G．Exchanges often fade or turn tense with grades and criticism. Passage 4 （2026·山西运城·二模） When finances feel unclear or unpredictable, your nervous system may remain on high alert, attempting to protect you from potential dangers. 1 Fortunately, our financial situation does not simply determine our peace. It is shaped even more by how we relate to our money. When you have simple habits that help you see what is happening, make thoughtful decisions, and feel prepared for what comes next, your stress begins to soften. These supportive habits are designed for you. 2 Create a simple and supportive spending plan. A spending plan is not about limiting your life. 3 Knowing what is coming and where it is going reduces fear of the unknown. You gain clarity, which creates emotional comfort. Track what comes in and what goes out. Recording your income and spending is a powerful way to create emotional clarity. In this way, you can see what is happening with your money. 4 Awareness helps you make choices with confidence instead of reacting from worry or uncertainty. Consider checking in once a week and observing. Some people like using apps for this, while others prefer a simple notebook or notes on their phone. What matters most is consistency, not perfection. 5 It is more than a savings account. It is a sense of security. Knowing you have something set aside, even if it starts very small, can soften your stress in a noticeable way. It sends a message to your mind that you are cared for and prepared. You do not need a large amount to begin. Start with what feels realistic. Even setting aside a few dollars each week creates momentum. The habit matters more than the size. Over time, these small amounts add up and begin to form a foundation of support. A．That constant worry can be exhausting. B．Build a small but steady emergency fund. C．Make a kind and realistic plan for paying down debt. D．They may help you feel more grounded with your money. E．It’s about helping you feel calm and informed with your money. F．Staying aware and calm can help you know more about your account. G．Knowing it helps you remove the guesswork that often leads to stress. Passage 5 （2026·辽宁朝阳·二模） The parent-child relationship is one that nurtures the physical, emotional, and social development of a child. A high-quality parent-child relationship is important to healthy development. 1 To have a healthy parent-child relationship, parents must be responsive, trustworthy, and loving. Here are some tips for strengthening the relationship. 2 Parents who are involved in their children’s studies, friends, and activities have strong parent-child relationships. Learn what’s happening to them, understand their academics, and know their friends. Stay in regular touch with your children’s teachers or volunteer at school if you have leisure time. Listen actively. Listening passively while doing your work and responding with an occasional ‘hmm’ or ‘OK’ in between show that you are not interested. When your children speak to you, stop whatever you are doing and listen to them. 3 Remember to maintain eye contact while talking to them. Respect your children. 4 To a certain extent, while you are responsible for forming beliefs and opinions, other irrelevant factors also contribute to it. Respect their views so that they can respect you. Be a role model and exhibit positive behavior through your actions to set a positive example for your child to follow. Trust your children and be trustworthy. Showing faith in their abilities builds confidence and independence. Keep promises consistently to demonstrate integrity. 5 This balanced approach strengthens your bond, fosters responsibility, and helps them develop sound judgment. Mutual trust grows when guidance and freedom are properly balanced. A．Take an active part in children’s daily life. B．Help your children express their emotions. C．Honor their privacy while maintaining open communication. D．Give them full attention, ask questions or repeat what they said. E．Treat your children as individuals and take their thoughts seriously. F．It lays the foundation for a child’s personality and overall behavior. G．You should devote effort to helping children improve academic performance. Passage 6 （2026·辽宁·二模） Whether you’re dealing with the work, financial or family troubles, work conflict or something else that’s annoying, stress sometimes is an unavoidable part of modern life. 1 In the right amounts and in the right places, stress can motivate or energize you. 2 So it’s important to keep it in the zone where it’s helpful and doesn’t have a bad effect on your physical or mental health. Indeed, experiencing stress overload on a regular basis essentially leaves you in a constant state of fight-or-flight mode, with rising levels of stress hormones (荷尔蒙). 3 It also increases risk of developing diseases. Because stress can negatively impact your health, it’s important to take steps to manage your stress and calm yourself down. While you can’t change the challenges of modern life, you don’t have to be at their mercy. 4 You can regularly use your personal decompression valve (减压阀) to calm down, like deep breathing, physical activities, progressive muscle relaxation, connection with nature, and writing. If you use the stress-relieving strategies regularly, they’ll become second nature to you. And before you know it, you may feel less stressed in general. However, if you are still in a state of confusion and emotionally nervous, you may need to consider talking with a mental health professional. 5 The treatments he provides can help you handle and manage your stress. A．You can find ways to control stress. B．Everyone can ignore stressful moments. C．He will offer you various forms of treatments. D．Actually, stress isn’t entirely bad but can be helpful. E．It can also assist us to be productive or perform well. F．The next time you feel stressed, go outdoors and take a walk. G．Over the long term, stress puts you at higher risk of depression. Passage 7 （2026·辽宁大连·二测） In today’s digital age, screens are an unavoidable part of daily life. However, excessive screen time can affect both physical and mental health, especially for students. 1 The good news is that here are five practical tips to help you. Set clear screen time limits and stick to them. The first step to mindful screen use is setting specific limits for different types of screen activities. Use the screen time tracking features on your phone or computer to monitor your usage, and set alarms to remind you when the time is up. 2 3 For instance, make your study desk a screen-free zone except for online learning, and set the time from 7 PM to 9 PM as a screen-free period for the whole family. During these times, you can read a physical book, have a conversation with your family, or do some light exercise. Replace screen activities with offline alternatives. Many students turn to screens when they feel bored, stressed, or have free time. Instead of reaching for your phone or tablet, find offline activities that bring you joy and keep your mind active. 4 Replacing screen time with offline activities not only reduces your device usage but also enriches your daily life and improves your ability to focus on a single task. Turn off non-essential notifications(通知). 5 Every time your phone pings or vibrates (震动), your attention is pulled away from what you are doing. To avoid this, turn off all non-essential notifications on your devices. This simple change can greatly improve your focus. A．Create screen-free zones and times at home. B．Keep your study space free from electronic devices. C．These small acts of self-discipline will pay off over time. D．They can help you stay away from digital devices forever. E．Constant notifications are distractions that break your focus. F．If you want to relax, choose activities like yoga or walking outdoors. G．It can cause eye tiredness and a significant drop in focus and productivity. Passage 8 （2026·东北三省联考·二模） We’ve all experienced it: the urge to withdraw and duck experiences we know we’ll enjoy — even when a mood boost is what we need most. 1 They just don’t seem worth the effort. And then, more likely than not, we feel worse than we did before. So how do you find the motivation to get out there, especially when you’re feeling low, stressed, tired or lonely? 2 Our drive to seek out happiness is a muscle that we can develop. To raise your reward sensitivity, you can try one exercise. Begin by planning one activity per day that will make you happy or give you a sense of accomplishment. Be realistic. 3 After you’ve enjoyed that daily moment, close your eyes and recount out loud, in the present tense, where and when you experienced the greatest joy. Home in on details and physical sensations, like the breeze cooling your face as the sun shines. 4 Many of us struggle to label our positive emotions much beyond fine, good or great. But research suggests that finding more words to describe those feelings can validate and intensify them, Dr. Meuret said. When reflecting on how something made you feel, try to be precise, using words like delighted, inspired. Share your highlight reel. Think about the details you typically volunteer when asked about your day or a recent trip. Broadcasting what made you happiest can make you feel better, spread that happiness to another person and also strengthen a bond. Find silver linings. 5 For example, if you invited co-workers to get together and only one person showed up, you could easily view that as a failure. But the silver lining, he said, would be that you got to know that one person better. Keep in mind, too, that it’s normal to sometimes feel uncomfortable with pleasurable feelings, particularly if you experience depression and anxiety. The truth is that we need to behave like happy people if we actually want to be happy. A．Expand your joy vocabulary. B．We skip the birthday party and lunch. C．Give yourself permission to feel happy. D．One proven strategy is to enhance your reward sensitivity. E．Specialists tend to focus on easing their negative symptoms. F．It helps to notice the positives hidden in things first seen as negative. G．It can be as small as treating yourself to a favorite snack, or Face Timing a friend. Passage 9 （2026·吉林通化·二模） As university doors opened in September for a new year, an estimated six million people across the world took to the streets in a historic week of climate action. The power of this youth-led campaign reflected the urgency for action on the environment. So what now? 1 Here are some ideas about how you can be sustainable as a student. What you put on your plate matters: nearly a quarter of all greenhouse gases come from agriculture, and most of those are from meat and dairy. Meat and dairy consumption results in excessive (过度的) land use, industrial emissions, methane, water use and deforestation. 2 A meat-free diet has been recommended as the single-biggest way an individual can reduce their effect on the planet. Forget fast fashion: keeping your clothes for as long as possible has much more than just monetary value. In the UK, clothing has the fourth-largest environmental effect after housing, transport and food. 3 For some freshers, this will be your first time living alone, which means doing your own washing, cooking and cleaning. 4 Wash your clothes at a lower temperature, and choose a bamboo toothbrush or more eco-friendly sanitary (卫生的) products. When shopping, see if there's a zero-waste shop nearby, where all products are free from plastic packaging. Just turn up with your own container. If you're planning a weekend away with new friends, try to travel by train or bus. 5 But campaigning is important too. University campuses can be the perfect place for this. If you don't know where and how to start, see if there are any societies at your university like Student Climate Network. Students using fossil fuels in 76 universities have now committed to it. A．So recycle your clothes or mend them. B．Meat consumption delays industrial development. C．And clothing has a bigger impact on environment than food. D．Cutting out meat is an easy way to reduce your carbon footprint. E．There are simple ways you can change your habits to live more sustainably. F．Individual actions matter, as they provide an alternative to how we can live. G．For freshers starting a new chapter at university, deciding how to live your life is vital. Passage 10 （2026·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·二模） The term “executive function” refers to skills that help you solve problems, use time wisely, and make decisions. 1 This includes everyday tasks like finishing a homework assignment or straightening up your room. Here’s how to improve your executive function skills to get more done. Take small steps. For many people, just getting started is the hardest step toward achieving a task. Start by identifying one small step you can take that will make a difference. For example, if your challenge is a messy room, gather empty glasses and plates and put them in the dishwasher. Your room probably looks a little better already! Next, pick up clothing that’s been gathering on a chair and hang it up. 2 Personalize your organization. The best “system” that will help you stay organized is the one that works for you. 3 You may find this way is easier than juggling multiple sticky notes. Enjoy the satisfaction of crossing items off your list as you get them done! 4 If you have to complete a job that you’re not excited about, make it more enjoyable by combining it with something you do like. For example, play music while you gather leaves. You could also find a partner, even if it’s virtual — call a friend and clean out your messy backpacks together. Be kind to yourself. Learning executive function skills takes practice. If you forget or lose something, speak kindly to yourself the way you might to a friend who made a mistake. 5 It may feel silly at first, but repeat statements like, “You’re doing the best you can, and that’s enough.” A．Pair tasks with something fun. B．Value your time and make every moment count. C．You can probably do anything if you put in the effort. D．Then put pens and pencils in a cup, and recycle loose papers. E．You can keep a notebook and write down your daily checklist in it. F．It can also help you feel more in control about what you need to do. G．One study indicates that people treating themselves with gentleness lower stress. Passage 11 （2026·广西百色·二模） Imagine yourself promising to finish that report by Thursday, or assuring your partner you’ll be ready in “just five minutes.” Then reality hits, deadlines fly by. 1 Most people tend to systematically underestimate the time, cost and risks for future actions while overestimating their benefits. This is the “planning fallacy (谬误),” which can be very costly, and can even create health problems. Here are some strategies that can help you. 2 Instead of thinking about the task, use data. Think back to when you last completed a similar task. How long did it take? This works best if you keep some actual notes. For example, before estimating how much time you need to prepare your next presentation, review your notes from the last three presentations. Add buffers (缓冲) as percentages. Adding buffers is a good idea, but “a little extra time” will never be enough. 3 Add 25 percent to your estimate (instead of 10 minutes more). If you still end up needing more, add 50 percent next time. If you are left with extra time, adjust it down a bit next time. Don’t be depressed if you end up adding 150 percent or more. We are really that bad at estimating duration. Break tasks into steps. Large, complex tasks often fall victim to the planning fallacy. 4 Break big projects into smaller, more predictable steps, and estimate the duration of each one. It’s easier to estimate “get the sales data from last quarter” than “complete the division’s report.” The next time you think a task will take only minutes, pause and remember the planning fallacy. The goal, however, is not to become pessimistic about your capabilities. 5 Your future self will thank you. A．You are not alone. B．Learn about yourself. C．Make realistic estimates. D．This is because they involve many unknowns. E．One practical way is to add percentages instead of fixed time. F．It’s to become realistic about the complexities of the real world. G．It will damage your reputation and make others lose trust in you. Passage 12 （2026·重庆九龙坡·二测） First Aid for Emotional Outbursts: How to Hit the Brakes Emotional outbursts can happen suddenly — that flash of anger, overwhelming anxiety or sadness. These feelings come without warning. 1 Your emotions take control; your mind shuts down, and you feel consumed by tunnel vision. Here’s a four-step plan to manage these intense feelings and regain control. Realize your emotions have taken over. Once your brain’s emotional center fires up, your rational (理智的) mind goes offline. Your brain drifts into past experiences fueling your mood, making it stronger. 2 They circle back, strengthening your feelings and making escape harder. The first step is recognizing this cycle: your rational mind is offline, and racing thoughts worsen the situation. 3 As soon as you notice this emotional cycle, take action to stop it. Simply name your feelings and pattern: I’m upset; my emotional brain has taken over; I’m stuck in that negative circle. This small act creates a gap between you and your emotions. Calm yourself. Have pre-planned calming skills ready: deep breathing, mindful cooking, or distraction like watching a favorite show. 4 They work by grounding you in the present, pulling you from negative memories and worst cases. Experts advise listing these methods visibly for easy access. Once calm, circle back. Reflect: What triggered (触发) me? A partner’s critical tone, sudden work change, or small disappointment? 5 Or is it an ongoing emotional pattern? Finally, take targeted action to solve it. The key to handling emotional outbursts is balancing regulation and problem-solving. Master these steps, and you’ll hit the brakes on intense emotions before they take over. A．Stop feeling bad. B．Label what’s going on. C．Reflect why it has influenced your mood. D．Next, judge if it’s a real solvable problem. E．They hit fast, intense feelings hard to process. F．Memories turn into negative thoughts quickly. G．These techniques need no special skills and are easy to use. Passage 13 （2026·重庆·二诊） Dealing With Family Stress When families face stressful issues, the ways they respond often depend on their dealing and stress-management resources. In times of hardship, it might be hard to imagine how to decrease stress within the family system. 1 First, consider carrying out a practice of having a family meeting where members can explore how the current stressors are impacting them. 2 For example, can you each agree not to talk over each other or to take a break if one of you starts to raise your voice. This can help ensure each member feels safe and heard. 3 Each family member can then get some alone time. During this time, that family member is supported in relaxing and joining in an activity they find comforting without interruptions from others. Doing so can allow greater space for rest and relaxation and support the development of internal resources. To support mental wellness, a calm corner could be helpful. A calm corner is a part of the house that is set aside for quiet reflection. When things are feeling stressful, it is a place to go to take deep breaths and regulate nervous system. 4 Please be gentle with yourself during this process as it can be challenging to shift deeply fixed patterns, perspectives, and resources. It takes time to build and develop different skills and responses to stress. 5 Grant yourself patience and grace and take things one day and one moment at a time. A．Change takes consistent effort over time. B．It’s necessary to seek shared family activities. C．It may also be helpful to create a family schedule. D．Such a place can be friendly for kids and adults alike. E．Before digging into dialogue, set some shared agreements. F．However, even small actions can lead to different outcomes. G．Focus on your emotions before considering the family’s needs. Passage 14 （2026·云南昆明·二测） Surfing is a full-body workout that engages multiple muscle groups. If you want to better your surfing skills but may not have immediate access to the water, practicing on land is an excellent alternative. 1 . In this article, we will explore how to practice surfing on land through various exercises and tools that mimic (模仿) the movements and demands of surfing. ●Balance Training Balance is one of the most critical skills in surfing. 2 . It helps you stay on your board while riding waves. On land, you can practice balance with the following exercises: Balance Board Training, Bosu Ball Exercises, and Single-Leg Stands. ●Pop-Up Practice The pop-up is a fundamental movement in surfing that involves going from a prone (俯卧的) position on the board to a standing position. Practicing this move on land can help you build muscle memory and perfect your timing. Lie down and practice the motion, focusing on the transition. 3 . ●Flexibility and Mobility Surfing requires flexibility and mobility, especially in the hips, shoulders, and lower back. Improving your range of motion will allow you to make more fluid movements on the water. 4 . Focus on poses that stretch the hips, back, and shoulders, such as downward dog, pigeon pose, and cat-cow stretches. These poses can help improve mobility and prevent injuries. 5 , they provide a solid foundation for developing balance, core strength, and flexibility. A．These are all essentials for becoming a better surfer B．Surfing requires a stable and centered body position C．Although real surfing environments are more complex D．Repeat the movement several times to reinforce the muscle memory E．While these exercises can’t fully mimic the experience of catching waves F．Yoga is a great practice as it enhances flexibility and promotes range of motion G．Land-based practice can help you improve your balance, technique, and overall fitness Passage 15 （2026·云南昭通·二模） The path to becoming emotionally intelligent is very tough and not everyone is able to do it. Hopefully, with these strategies, you will not only become emotionally strong but also improve as a person. Do not try to change others Just like you, everyone else is entitled to their own beliefs and opinions, and this is completely normal. Keeping that in mind, it is better if you understand that you cannot change others, no matter how hard you try. 1 . Even if you try changing others and their feelings, you will only be hurting yourself in the process. 2 People interact with us like we are mind readers sometimes, and this happens mostly in relationships. Your partner would want you to know exactly what they want and when they want it, which can be extremely painful. Just as you aren’t a mind reader, others aren’t either. You need to communicate your needs to the other person. 3 Take responsibility for your actions Just like your words, you need to take full responsibility for your actions. 4 ? Many people make silly excuses and don’t take responsibility for their actions — that is where they hurt others and themselves. If you have made a mistake and hurt others in the process, apologize immediately. It won’t bring your self-respect down; it will actually elevate you as a person. You will become emotionally mature by doing this. Avoid negative people 5 . If you are surrounded by happy and motivated people, you will always be happy. If you are surrounded by negative people that only bring others down, then you will always feel miserable. In order to be emotionally intelligent, you must have a good and supportive company by your side. You are the CEO of your life, so hire, fire, and promote accordingly. A．Communicate your needs B．Mind your actions and words C．They need to do the same with you D．You can’t change others just like they can’t change you E．It is always true that you are known by the company you keep F．How can you become emotionally strong if you don’t own whatever you say or do G．How can you develop your emotional strength if you never practise what you expect Passage 16 （2026·甘肃兰州·二诊） Many families schedule obedience (服从) lessons when they first bring a dog into their home. 1 Shir Limazati, founder of Another Chance Training, wants all dog owners to improve their communication with their furry friend. Here’s her typical day as a Chicago dog trainer. Limazati doesn’t have a regular office job. 2 Every family, and every dog, needs a different kind of training. Since Limazati studied child psychology, she specializes in helping kids and dogs get along. She starts working at about 7 a.m., texting the day’s clients to remind them she’s coming. Before leaving for work, Limazati double-checks that she has her important supplies. She has to make sure that her backpack is ready. 3 If there is a certain client needs extra tools, she brings those, as well. Then she drives to the first appointment of the day. “Usually, there’s a dynamic where the kids are afraid of the dog, or the dog’s afraid of the kids,” Limazati says. “There’s a lot of crying. 4 ” She has achieved this result by teaching “alternative behaviors,” or different ways for humans and dogs to act around each other. “Boundaries are probably the biggest thing I work on,” she says. After each session, she takes notes to help her remember how it went. She also posts photos from the session on social media, celebrating the family’s progress. 5 Limazati ends her workday late at night. When she returns home, she checks her texts and answers questions from clients. Then she gets ready to do it all again the next day. A．She prefers working outdoors during training. B．She puts lots of different treats in that bag, and her laptop. C．Then she gets in her car, heading to the next client’s home. D．But after five or more sessions, kids and dogs start to bond. E．It often takes hours to compose everyone before training starts. F．Rather, she works with several families every day, an hour each. G．These can be group classes, or private sessions with a professional trainer. Passage 17 （2026·甘肃酒泉·二调） As adulthood approaches, we need to develop independence in every aspect of our lives so that we can earn a living, develop a career, be emotionally mature, and form a personal philosophy. Outlined here are four reasons why achieving independence is essential. Being independent is a boost to your confidence. 1 The more independent you are, the more confident you will become. Having confidence gives you a positive outlook on life. You are going to be willing to do things on your own, without needing support or approval from others. 2 Self-reliance is a significant element in being an independent person. When you can make decisions for yourself without relying on others to approve your choice, you are acting independently. People who rely heavily on others for support are often seen as needy and demanding. 3 You can get freedom through financial independence. Nothing compares to receiving that first pay packet and knowing that at last, you can begin to pay your way in the world. Having financial independence is a fantastic feeling. 4 Knowing you are in control of your income and spending without referring to anyone else reduces stress and improves your feeling of contentedness. Independence leads to broader horizons. Once you can function as an independent person without restrictions placed on you by others, you can broaden your horizons. You will be able to take trips to exotic (异国的) destinations, meet people with different social and moral beliefs, and gain more extensive knowledge. 5 It might affect the way you approach decision-making, or, on a simpler level, change your attitude to food. A．You will not need to rely on others. B．Stress is reduced, and we become happier. C．Being independent makes you a better decision-maker. D．These are not attractive features in someone’s personality. E．It means that you don’t have to depend on others to pay for you. F．In turn, this will change how you view many aspects of your life. G．Every life coach stresses the importance of confidence when you seek success in life. Passage 18 （2026·甘肃·二模） Many people love winter, but if you’re not one of them, you don’t have to. Just accept that you’ll feel down at this time of year. 1 Here are some things you can do to open yourself up to the delights of the season. Embrace winter-friendly slow hobbies. Instead of wishing away winter and waiting for spring, get into the cooling weather by planning indoor activities. For example, you can start planning some slow hobbies you can do indoors, such as baking, knitting or painting. 2 It’s really slow and healing. Adapt summer activities for winter. If biking, hiking or walking on the beach brings you joy, try it in winter. If you love gardening in summer, grow something inside. 3 4 If you feel a little blue after seeing people over the holidays, try to plan more comfortable dinners with friends or a party. If you enjoy holiday decoration, just keep up some shining lights.And if the holidays tire you out, put aside some time to rest and recover in January. Make a practice of noticing nature. 5 But when people actively pay attention to their natural surroundings and notice how it makes them feel, it significantly boosts their well-being. Take note of the birds and squirrels as you take a walk or wait for the bus, or look at the moon or the changing sky outside your window. A．Celebrate holidays in your way. B．Manage your post-holiday blues. C．Too often, we ignore the natural world in winter. D．But when leaves begin to fall, so does your mood. E．You can also make a list of books to read at home. F．Learn to use winter to plan your garden for next summer. G．But writing off wintertime means writing off a quarter of your life. Passage 19 （2026·新疆·二模） If Someone’s Always Late: Understanding Why and How to Change We often judge those who are always late as simply being rude. 1 . Understanding them is the first step toward positive change. Underlying Causes of Lateness One well-documented cause is “time blindness,” which is the inability to accurately sense the passage of time. It relates to the brain’s executive function and is common in people with ADHD (注意缺陷多动障碍). There are other psychological factors leading to habitual lateness. For example, some people are late due to social anxiety, fearing small talk if they arrive early. Others may be subconsciously rebelling against a lack of control in their lives, stealing back minutes of personal time — a psychology similar to Revenge Bedtime Procrastination (报复性睡前拖延症). 2 . People who feel their time is more important than others’ may give themselves permission to be late. 3 The encouraging news is that regardless of the cause, lateness is a manageable habit. It’s suggested using multiple time-tracking tools should be better than relying on one device. 4 . Worse still, counting only on willpower is equally ineffective. Actually, we need to establish practical systems. For instance, using a smart watch for alerts and having traditional clocks with hands around provides multiple time cues. Breaking tasks into a checklist and avoiding an overcrowded schedule are equally effective strategies. In conclusion, whether rooted in time blindness or other psychological factors, habitual lateness can be overcome. 5 . A．Building Supporting Systems B．Effective Time-Tracking Devices C．Another factor can be a person’s feeling of superiority D．However, the causes behind habitual lateness are more complex E．Practical approaches make reliable punctuality possible for anyone F．Using phones alone is a sufficient and convenient timekeeping tool G．Complete dependence on your phone for time invites more distractions Passage 20 （2026·内蒙古·二模） Imagine this: You’re staring at a messy homework planner, your phone ringing with TikTok notifications, while your best friend argues fiercely about yesterday’s basketball game. This chaotic scene is your personal battlefield — and Sun Tzu’s 2,500-year-old strategies can bring order to the chaos. 1 Every skilled leader knows some fights consume more value than they create. Consider how classmates sometimes form tight groups — maybe the “pop music fans” argue endlessly over which is the better singer, or certain students exclude (排挤) others based on old bitterness. Sun Tzu would remind us: “ 2 ” Instead of joining lunch table debates about who belongs to which group, use that energy to practice for the upcoming speech contest or study for next week’s chemistry quiz. True battle isn’t about fitting in — it’s about choosing where to shine. 3 Let’s build a study schedule Sun Tzu would approve. Start by inspecting the “enemy territory” — your midterm exams. If history tests emphasize essay writing, schedule daily practice just for that. Next, analyze your weaknesses like a general studying his army’s disadvantages. Feeling sleepy during English readings? Try studying at sunrise when your mind is sharpest. Finally, break big tasks into “mini-missions” — conquering five vocabulary words daily feels easier than memorizing 100 at once. Yet Sun Tzu’s deepest lesson warns that our worst enemy often stays hidden within. That phone exhausting your study hours? It’s your Trojan Horse — a gift hiding danger. 4 Conduct a weekly self-check: Track screen time versus homework progress. You might discover two hours daily lost to games, equal to 14 hours weekly — enough to master a new skill. 5 . Now it is time to arm your pen with this wisdom: its true might lies not in outperforming others, but in building a better version of you. Go rewrite your story, one strategic choice at a time. A．Wise warriors win by avoiding pointless wars. B．Maybe it’s time to turn self-awareness into a weapon. C．That’s the enemy’s drumbeat trying to distract you from the course. D．Planning separates the stressed from the strategic. E．Let’s explore how ancient wisdom applies to modern student struggles. F．All warfare is based on cheating. G．True victory isn’t about beating classmates but outgrowing yesterday’s self. Passage 21 （2026·内蒙古呼和浩特·二模） How to Develop a Strong Work Ethic A strong work ethic is the foundation of all meaningful labor and achievement. It is not merely about hard work, but about purpose, commitment, and excellence. Cultivating work ethic requires conscious effort and a shift in mindset. 1 2 Many people view work as a burden, which often leads to procrastination and half-hearted effort. However, those with a strong work ethic see labor as an opportunity for self-improvement and contribution, knowing that every task builds character and reliability. By reframing your perspective, you can find inner motivation beyond external rewards. Discipline is the basis of a solid work ethic. It means placing emphasis on responsibilities over immediate pleasure and staying focused even when motivation declines. 3 This might involve creating a structured schedule, eliminating distractions, or setting clear boundaries between work and leisure. True discipline is about consistency — showing up and giving your best effort, even on difficult days. Taking ownership of your work is another crucial element. This means not only completing assigned tasks but also going the extra mile to ensure quality. 4 It involves anticipating problems, taking initiative, and holding yourself responsible for the outcome. Taking pride in your labor may lead to better results and personal growth. Finally, embrace challenges and learn from failure. Labor is rarely smooth sailing; obstacles and mistakes are inevitable. 5 Instead of being discouraged by setbacks, view them as valuable learning experiences. This resilience not only strengthens your work ethic but also equips you with the mental strength to tackle greater challenges in life. In essence, a strong work ethic is the conscious choice to honor labor, respect effort, and strive for continuous improvement in all that you do. A．It starts with changing your attitude toward work. B．It is these very difficulties that build character and competence, though. C．This means avoiding the temptation to cut corners or do the bare minimum. D．Developing self-discipline requires setting realistic goals and tracking progress. E．Putting this principle into practice, however, requires several concrete strategies. F．To build this discipline, you must learn to manage your time and energy effectively. G．However, understanding why it matters is just as important as knowing how to develop it. Passage 22 （2026·内蒙古乌兰察布·二模） The New Year is a time when people often set resolutions to start a new hobby and exercise more. But rather than always choose something new to do, researchers suggest maybe considering the opposite. “It’s time to reassess at the end of the year ‘ 1 ’” says Rachit Dubey from the University of California, Los Angeles. 2 “It’s human nature to set goals because goals give us direction. Goals represent some desired future end state,” says Dubey. But past goals may have become impractical to work toward. Maybe they feel too hard or they just no longer match what you want for your life now. Continuing to work toward goals that don’t fit can create guilt and stress. Worse still, the time and effort spent trying may prevent you seeing other options. But breaking up with a goal and moving on can be messy and painful. 3 A recent study surveyed over 500 university students over nine months. In the beginning, the team asked participants about a long-term goal they were quitting. To assess inner drive, the team asked participants to rate statements such as, “ 4 ” Statements like “People have been telling me I have to let this goal go” assessed outside pressures to quit. With the study progressing, the team assessed how “stuck” a person was. People who were quitting primarily due to outside pressures tended to get more stuck than those who were self-driven. People don’t just wake up one day, saying, “I’m done” and move on to their next adventure. But what’s clear is that holding on to an outgrown goal can do more harm than good. 5 And finding a new path forward may first require the courage to say, “I think I can’t.” A．I feel torn about letting go of this goal. B．This goal no longer reflects who I am. C．Goals serve an important role in our lives. D．Can I replace my past goals with new achievable ones? E．What is something I don’t need in my life anymore? F．So sometimes, letting go can be tougher than sticking it out. G．Cutting ties can clear space in your life to pursue what matters to you. Passage 23 （2026·四川达州·二诊） Understanding articles on cutting-edge technology, such as artificial intelligence or quantum (量子) computing, demands targeted strategies as follows that go far beyondgeneral reading comprehension skills. ● Preview to Identify Structure Before focusing on a close reading, invest time in previewing the entire article. Note all section headings and their logical order. This initial mapping is not merely passive viewing; it actively prepares your mind to follow the author’s logical framework, whether it presents a cause-effect chain, or a problem-solution model. 1 ● Question the Evidence and Data Merely understanding the surface claim of a technological breakthrough is far from sufficient for true comprehension. 2 You must develop a habit of checking the data sources, sample sizes, and the presence of control groups. This critical method, questioning how conclusions are reached, is what separates an informed reader from one who simply accepts information at face value, especially when findings seem revolutionary. ● 3 Beyond the stated facts and figures, a deeper layer of understanding involves analyzing the author’s perspective and intention. 4 Is the language overstating, cautiously optimistic, or objective? Identifying these tiny differences, including the choice of persuasive adjectives or the structure of argumentation, reveals the intended influence on the reader and provides crucial context for evaluating the information’s objectivity and potential bias. ● Integrate and Seek Connections Finally, to move from separate facts to integrated knowledge, actively connect this new information to your existing mental models. 5 Does this new discovery confirm, challenge, or entirely expand upon established principles? Engaging in this process, that is, asking how it fits into the broader scientific or technological landscape, transforms an individual data point into meaningful, long-lasting understanding and insight. A．Analyze how the writer starts. B．A doubting approach is essential. C．Explore the writer’s hidden information. D．This means relating it to known principles. E．Grasping the core argument precisely is the first goal. F．Telling fact reporting from persuading intention comes first. G．Understanding this outline is fundamental for further reading. Passage 24 （2026·四川广元·二测） The tradition of oral storytelling has a long history. Nowadays, with so many advanced audio and visual media around, storytelling might seem like a forgotten art. 1 Volunteer your storytelling ability whenever you can. Often, the beginning of a professional storytelling career involves many free performances at public events. By volunteering at a local library, community day care, café, charity or other venues, an amateur storyteller can gain the experience needed to perfect their craft and become a professional storyteller. 2 Start a storytelling club or event. If there aren’t many storytelling events or places near you, take the initiative and find your own. Suggest hosting a “Public Story Hour” at your local library or coffee shop. Give your story event a theme. 3 For example, you can ask for stories based on specific topics like “romance”, “sea adventures” or “fun with technology”. Get involved. 4 Whether you attend as a participant or as a member of the audience, take advantage of the opportunity to learn. Listening to others can sharpen your skills and inspire you to find new stories of your own. Industry conferences are also excellent platforms for performing and professional growth. 5 Read both fiction and nonfiction with purpose, thinking about what makes a story memorable. Memoirs are especially helpful — they teach you how to shape personal experiences into engaging stories. Reading guides about storytelling can help you improve your delivery, master pacing and understand what makes a story work well. A．Read a lot. B．Choose memorable stories. C．The more you practice, the more perfect you will be. D．This can attract specific audience and inspire new ideas. E．Practicing alone is more important than performing in public. F．Storyteller groups hold activities and festivals all over the country. G．Actually, there are opportunities for you to become a professional storyteller. Passage 25 （2026·四川南充·二诊） As a seven-time Olympic medalist, Beard tried traditional meditation (冥想) in her training. This practice requires stillness and quiet, asking people to sit with their thoughts and turn inward. 1 That was because she failed to grasp its true meaning and even considered it totally unsuitable for her active, easily distracted personality. After her retirement, Beard found walking meditation accidentally. She walked outdoors with relaxed steps while listening to her favourite music, which instantly brought her a sense of peace in the chaos of daily life. This immediate sense of calm convinced her to explore walking meditation further. 2 Walking meditation is not only helpful for athletes but also easy for common people. Its simplicity and flexibility are major advantages for newcomers. 3 The key is a slow, steady pace and a conscious focus on the immediate experience — the feel of the ground, the touch of the air, and the sounds of your surroundings, anywhere from parks to neighborhoods. Furthermore, walking meditation benefits physical and mental health. Physically, it improves balance, strengthens leg muscles and stabilizes heart rate, supporting overall fitness. Mentally, it clears the mind, eases worry, and encourages a more positive outlook. 4 It does this by promoting the release of pleasure-inducing hormones such as dopamine. Long-term practice can also help develop a stronger mentality to deal with life’s difficulties. 5 Different from traditional meditation, it replaces total physical stillness with gentle movement while maintaining mental focus. This combination of movement and focus makes it a unique form of meditation. A．Traditional meditation requires patience. B．Even a short-time practice can lift your spirits. C．However, as an active person, she gave it up later. D．Therefore, practicing it requires professional qualification. E．It demands neither special equipment nor a dedicated space. F．It then gradually became a daily habit, relieving her long - term anxiety. G．Walking meditation offers a good choice for those who cannot keep still. Passage 26 （2026·四川·二模） Confidence is a quality that can be highly beneficial in life. You may believe that confidence is something people are born with, and you either have it or you don’t. 1 Self-confidence is something you can develop. According to Psychology Today, confidence can be nurtured (培养), and it is possible to build it and let it grow at any given time in your life. It is true that some people have an easier time with this than others, but don’t let that discourage you. 2 So where do you start? You start, according to a blog on Psych Central, with self-acceptance. Being honest with yourself and practicing self-love and self-acceptance is what it is all about. There is nothing to achieve from pretending and there are no easy paths to success. 3 The good news is that it’s up to you. Sit with yourself, meditate and journal (冥想和记日记). Think about your strengths and weaknesses, who you are and who you aren’t. Get to know yourself better. And be kind to yourself, like you would be kind to others. 4 You may even start to notice a change in how you connect with others. Because someone who is at peace with themselves and has confidence, according to Inc Magazine, is able to have compassion (同情) towards others. Sometimes when working towards a goal, getting some additional help can play an important role. 5 People that know you well and are there for you can be helpful when you need a reminder of who you are and how unique, special and loved you are. Remember that building confidence is a journey. There isn’t necessarily a destination or an end goal. Accept yourself and be proud of who you are. A．This needs lots of practices. B．That’s not necessarily true. C．You should let go of perfection. D．These practices can be beneficial. E．You can benefit from talking to others. F．It’s a muscle that can be strengthened and worked on. G．It’s about where you came from and how far you’ve come. Passage 27 （2026·四川宜宾·二诊） Ever feel like you just put something down and can’t remember where? Or that your reactions aren’t quite as sharp as they used to be? Don’t worry — you’re not necessarily getting older; your brain might just be telling you it’s time to get moving. 1 When we think of exercise, running or walking usually comes to mind. But the real game-changer for keeping your brain young is resistance training, a strength training. 2 A recent study found that sticking with resistance training for a year could make your brain up to 2-3 years younger. Here are five simple resistance exercises you can do at home: Wall sit, Calf raise, Wall push-up，Glute bridge, Dumbbell shoulder press (water bottles work great, too!) 3 To get the most out of your resistance training, keep these four tips in mind. Breathe naturally — Avoid holding your breath during exercise. 4 It also ensures your muscles receive enough oxygen when you need them most. Find the right intensity — You should feel tired but able to recover by the next day. Too easy training won’t bring results; too much may cause injury. Stay consistent — Aim for 2-3 sessions per week to let your muscles recover and rebuild gradually. 5 Listen to your body — Skip workouts when sick. If you feel chest pain, dizziness, or unusual joint pain during exercise, stop immediately and seek help if needed. A．It’s also important to consult your coach. B．In fact, even simple activities can improve your memory. C．It involves working your muscles against a weight or force. D．This helps prevent dizziness and keeps your blood pressure stable. E．But did you know that the type of exercise you choose matters greatly? F．The real benefits come from long-term habits, not short bursts of effort. G．These exercises require no special equipment and can be done anytime. Passage 28 （2026·陕西渭南·二测）   Between soccer practices, music lessons and school projects, many families find themselves questioning whether there’s time or even a need for their children to do chores at home. But according to Elizabeth Harris, a child and adolescent psychologist, asking kids to pitch in around the house can have powerful lifelong benefits.   Chores are not just about keeping a house clean. 1 One thing that often surprises parents is how chores build empathy. When kids understand what it takes to maintain a home, they become more aware of and grateful for what others do for them. That kind of perspective can be a game-changer in emotional development. 2 During the school year, kids thrive on routine. But during vacations, that structure often disappears. Adding a few regular responsibilities, especially ones the child helps choose, can provide much-needed rhythm and stability.   Assigning regular household duties can also enhance children’s cognitive development. 3 They develop stronger working memory, better emotional regulation and more mental flexibility. These are foundational skills not just for success in school, but in life.   So when should a kid start? As early as preschool. Younger children love to feel capable. Simple tasks like cleaning up toys or wiping and setting the table foster autonomy. 4 They include maintaining their room, helping cook meals and managing pet care. Harris encourages parents to frame these not as punishments, but as opportunities to grow. 5 But when there’s room, lean into those opportunities. Kids don’t need to do everything, but they should do something. Giving children and teens consistent, age-appropriate chores is one of the simplest and most effective ways to help them grow into responsible, capable adults. A．The benefits go even deeper. B．Chores also reinforce structure. C．When life gets busy, it’s okay to pull back. D．These are skills that serve them well, far into adulthood. E．Kids who have chores are typically better self-managers. F．For older children and teens, tasks can become more complex. G．Children who have age-appropriate chores develop stronger relationships. Passage 29 （2026·陕西咸阳·二测） How to Make Your Neighborhood a Better Place Creating a better neighborhood will bring advantages, including boosted housing values and a more enjoyable residential experience. However, bettering your neighborhood is a relatively complicated task. 1 Fortunately, with some work and some thought, you’ll be on the road to making your neighborhood a better place. 2 A great way to build a good neighborhood is to start with your home. Basic maintenance is a great way of creating the impression that your neighborhood is a good place to live. If you skip your home maintenance, you’ll send the impression that you don’t care about your neighborhood or your neighbors. Make friends with your neighbors. Building genuine connections with those around you is foundational to fostering a nicer neighborhood. People who know and care for the people in their neighborhood will be more likely to take extra steps to better their community. 3 Host an annual block party or barbecue. Organizing a yearly neighborhood gathering is a fantastic way to strengthen community bonds. Beyond being a fun event, it’ll get everyone out and interacting. 4 Invite everyone in your neighborhood. Also, you can ask your neighbors and others in the neighborhood to help you plan it. Do random acts of kindness for your neighbors. Small, unexpected acts of generosity can transform the atmosphere of your neighborhood. If one of your neighbors is sick, bring them soup. If someone’s family member has passed away, visit them and comfort them. If you know someone is hurting financially, offer to cover their household bill one month. 5 By doing so, your neighbors will come to believe that you care for them and the community. A．Maintain your home. B．Make necessary repairs to your home. C．Whatever it is, no matter how small it is, just do it. D．It calls for not only personal effort but also neighborly cooperation. E．A warm hello or a small welcome gift for new arrivals goes a long way. F．If your neighbor watches over your children, show your sincere gratitude. G．This will help build a better neighborhood and a stronger sense of community. Passage 30 （2026·陕西宝鸡·二模） Stuck doing all the household chores? This practical guide can help. In many households, one person shoulders the brunt of the chores and childcare. 1 If we divide domestic tasks fairly, it can help reduce stress at home and give back precious time to each member of the household. 1. List every chore and errand (差事) The first thing you want to do is list out each and every task required to manage the home. Do it in a place that’s easy for everyone to see and access: a shared notes app, a spreadsheet or a whiteboard, for example. Include essential tasks like washing dishes or taking the kids to school and errands like grocery shopping or picking up the dry cleaning. 2 1. Assign the tasks When it comes to splitting up the housework, nothing is ever equal. Here are some helpful tips on how to assign chores: 3 If you have chores and workflows in place that are already working for you and your partner or roommate, don’t worry about reassigning them. Continue doing the tasks that bring you joy, whether it’s cooking dinner or folding the laundry. Share the load on burdensome tasks. No one should have to be responsible for one task forever, especially if it’s unpleasant. 4 It’s things like nighttime baby care or picking up dog poop in the backyard. That could mean taking turns on the task or agreeing to do that chore together. Consider your housemate or partner’s circumstances for the week. Are this week’s conference calls completely at odds with your carpool schedule? Does your roommate need a bit of a break? 1. Be fully responsible for your duties Lastly — if you’ re in charge of a household chore, take full ownership of it. 5 It’s your responsibility to account for what you need. Your partner and household are depending on you. When everyone does their part to keep the household running smoothly, you can free up more time. A．Own the tasks you love. B．But it doesn’t have to be this way. C．Reassign routines with great joy. D．Don’t expect others to pick up the slack if you can’t complete the task. E．Find a way to assign the most time-consuming or least-favorite tasks. F．Instead of listing all chores, sort them into “daily chores” and “weekly errands”. G．Don’t forget to add tasks that might be less visible, like writing thank you cards. Passage 31 （2026·青海西宁·二模） Whether it’s a trip to the grocery store or a vacation to the beach, there’s nothing more enjoyable than quality family time and nothing quite as terrible as a public temper tantrum (耍脾气). 1 Here are tips to set expectations and ensure outings are enjoyable for the whole family. Set age-appropriate expectations Your children have a lot of energy and excitement. 2 Having breaks and rewards can help your child behave well while you run to the grocery store, then to the bank. Think about stopping at the park after the bank. 3 As a parent, you know what are reasonable expectations. Clearly communicate expectations and plan for your outing 4 For example, you can tell them that you are going to go through your grocery list and will not be buying snacks at the grocery store. It’s important to communicate expectations as clearly as possible. Make sure you’re doing so in an age-appropriate way. Your preschooler may be able to repeat your expectations back to you, but your toddler (学步的儿童) likely will not be able to do so. Offer rewards on your own terms It’s OK to reward your child, but if your child is in the middle of a tantrum, it’s important to avoid offering a reward. This may lead her to frequently have outbursts if it seems like this type of behavior gets rewarded. Instead, you set the expectation that good behavior is required for a treat and rewards will be provided if those expectations are met. 5 A．It’s OK to reward for good behavior! B．You can ask him to wait quietly and read a book. C．Tell your children how happy and proud they made you. D．Before leaving, let your child know what’s going to happen. E．Or you may introduce a new game or toy on the drive home. F．Temper tantrum, in fact, is quite normal for young children. G．Therefore, asking them to be quiet for a long period of time isn’t realistic. 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （2026·吉林长春·二测） What exactly is a chore? The word alone brings to mind boring, repetitive tasks — cleaning, doing laundry, or paying bills. 1 But why are these everyday tasks so important? The answer might surprise you: they are the foundation of a well-run life. 2 Chores feel tiring for several psychological reasons. They rarely offer instant rewards, making them feel like a waste of time. Since they need to be done repeatedly, they can seem endless. Our brains are also wired to avoid unpleasant tasks, causing procrastination (拖延). It’s also easy to underestimate how important chores really are. We only notice their value when they’re left undone — when dishes pile up or bills are overdue. So what makes chores so essential? For starters, they create stability. Life runs on routines, and chores maintain order. A tidy space helps us think clearly. 3 Paying bills on time avoids late fees; regular car maintenance prevents costly repairs. Perhaps most importantly, they support health and personal growth. Cooking healthy meals and keeping a clean home reduce health risks. 4 By staying organized, we create room for hobbies, family, and creative projects. Fortunately, there are simple ways to make chores easier. View them as necessary “life maintenance”. Build simple routines and handle small tasks right away. Break large tasks down into smaller, manageable steps. 5 Remember: chores aren’t obstacles; they’re the quiet heroes that keep life running smoothly. A．Beyond that, they act as preventive medicine. B．Even five minutes of effort can make a difference. C．These are tasks we must do, not choose to do for fun. D．Moreover, they build the kind of order that fuels creativity. E．They also free up time for the people and activities we love. F．This sense of control, in turn, reduces anxiety about the future. G．Yet despite their importance, most of us find them unpleasant. Passage 2 （2026·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模） From Page to Screen The charm of bringing a classic book to the screen lies in the opportunity to reach a wider audience and visualize the characters and the story. 1 It demands both respect for the original and courage to reimagine. One of the most significant challenges is adapting the often long and complicated narrative of a novel into the limited runtime of a movie. Novels allow readers to immerse themselves in the story over hundreds of pages, exploring intricate subplots, character developments, and detailed settings. In contrast, a film typically has just two to three hours to convey the essence of the story. 2 Namely, they have to decide what to include and what to leave out. Reproducing an author’s distinctive tone and literary style is challenging as well. Capturing them on film requires a deep understanding of the source material and a creative approach to visual storytelling. 3 For example, the 1995 adaptation of Sense and Sensibility directed by Ang Lee captured Jane Austen’s subtle humor and social comment through its careful attention to period details, character interactions, and the pace of dialogue, making it one of the most beloved adaptations of her novels. Another challenge is portraying beloved characters that have lived in the imaginations of readers for generations. These characters are often vividly described in the novels, and readers develop strong attachments to their own interpretations. 4 Yet, a well-cast actor can make the characters come alive. Therefore, filmmakers must consider not only physical resemblance but also the ability to convey the characters’ complexities and inner struggles when casting.      In the end, the art of adaptation lies in striking the right balance between faithfulness and innovation. 5 A．Great adaptations achieve this masterfully. B．It requires filmmakers to make tough choices. C．However, this journey is full of potential difficulties. D．The mental images can be difficult to match on screen. E．Filmmakers focus on such details to present a novel’s plot. F．Only in this way can we honor the past and speak to the present. G．Casting is the bridge between a reader’s imagination and the screen. Passage 3 （2026·广西南宁·二测） When research-based learning was introduced at my school, I saw it as a frightening task. 1 My teacher, Mr Lee, changed my view. He said, “True learning starts with a question from your own life.” His words encouraged me to look around with curiosity. I began to notice small things. Why did I prefer studying in the library corner near the window? What made group study sometimes effective and sometimes noisy? After thinking carefully, I settled on a simple question: Does background music help or hold back homework efficiency? This was my first lesson: Choose a question I truly want to answer. 2 Next, I needed a plan. I felt overwhelmed until I broke it down. I decided to experiment on myself for two weeks: one week with soft instrumental music, and one week in complete silence. 3 I also designed a short survey for my classmates. Making a clear, simple plan turns anxiety into action. The real challenge came during the execution (执行). My self-observation was easy, but analyzing the results was confusing. After analysis, I found that the survey responses were mixed, and the results weren’t what I had expected. 4 Then, I remembered that research is about understanding, not just proving a point. So, I looked for patterns instead of a single answer. I prepared to learn from unexpected data, not just to confirm my guess. 5 I made two simple graphs about my focus and classmates’ music preferences. I saw music helped me with repetitive tasks but not with reading, and that preferences varied widely — showing no universal answer, only personal patterns. Presenting these findings taught me research is less about definitive truths and more about methodical exploration. It improved my ability to observe, plan, adapt, and communicate. Ultimately, the process itself is the real lesson. You can start your own research today by picking a small, curious question from daily life and following it step by step. A．Finally, I turned to Mr Lee. B．I almost thought my project was a failure. C．My personal interest is the best motivation. D．I tracked my focus time and task completion. E．Later, Mr Lee suggested I picture my confusing data. F．I had to give up the project I was doing at that moment. G．The word “research” itself sounded too serious and distant. Passage 4 （2026·重庆九龙坡·二模） Eighth grader Sam Gerber carefully holds a knife to the surface of a red apple. 1 Beside him, his classmate Sabelle Guido waits to chop up the apple crisps (苹果脆). This is a family and consumer science class at Lincoln Middle School in Maine, US. 2 All eighth-graders at the school have to take it. In the class, students spend a third of their time on cooking and classic home economics: food safety, knife skills, folding clothes, setting a table, eating healthily and shopping. 3 It is not always easy to learn these skills. In the class, Sabelle Guido tried to cut butter into small pieces with a wooden spoon. Later, she learned that she should use a metal knife. Rhonda Mayer, who has been teaching the course for 31 years, thinks that kids need these skills. 4 Only three states require them. That means only about 5 million students will take them, according to a survey by the American Association of Family and Consumer Sciences. Nowadays, schools focus more on math, English and science classes. They think “home ec” classes are for future housewives. 5 Recently, a Maine lawmaker introduced a bill. It will require students to take a half-year name economics class. They won’t be able to graduate from school without taking the class. But it has not been voted on yet. A．Yet, things may be going to change. B．He slowly pulls the skin away in small pieces. C．The class is also known as “home ec”, short for home economics. D．However, across the US, “home ec” classes are not widely adopted. E．Basketball, rugby, volleyball, swimming are also available in the class. F．They also learn about money management, workplace skills and even childcare. G．He holds that kids couldn’t take good care of themselves without such common sense. Passage 5 （2026·贵州毕节·二模） Reading: A Secret to Health and Long Life Are you looking for a simple habit that can transform your health? 1 You may know the joy of reading, but there are even more unexpected ways reading will positively affect your body and mind. ● 2 Studies prove regular book readers live nearly two years longer than non-readers. Reading lowers stress and provides a sense of social connection, both vital for healthy aging. Reading books for more than 3.5 hours per week is linked to a 20% lower risk of death. Even 15 minutes of reading before bed can calm your nervous system, helping you sleep better and live longer. ● You can boost brain power with daily reading. Reading builds mental strength, which helps protect your brain to resist age-related decline. It also sharpens working memory, attention, and empathy by placing you in different characters’ lives. Treat reading like everyday exercise — just 10 to 30 minutes a day strengthens mental skills over time. 3 ● You can start reading from birth for lifelong health. 4 Reading aloud with babies and young children helps their brains grow and reduces harmful stress. Doctors and nurses should encourage shared reading beginning from birth as a cost-effective, evidence-based strategy to lay the foundation for lifelong health. Children who see books as comfort and connection often carry the habit into adulthood. ● You can make reading a simple habit. The secret to getting the most from reading is doing it often, not reading a lot at once. 5 Choose books you truly love, schedule short reading time, and remember — it is never too late to start. Each page is an investment in a longer, healthier life — start today. A．The benefits of reading begin early. B．Reading may be just the thing you need. C．You can live longer by reading regularly. D．You can read as much as possible every day. E．Experts agree that small, enjoyable daily routines matter most. F．The more you challenge yourself with books, the healthier you become. G．This daily mental workout protects your brain and boosts focus and strength. Passage 6 （2026·云南·二诊） What Is a Lawnmower (割草机) Parent? You’ve heard of the “helicopter parent” — those overprotective caregivers who swoop in the moment their child meets a problem. Now a new term is sweeping playgrounds across the US: the “lawnmower parent.” 1 Lawnmower parents get their name because they mow down all challenges, conflicts or struggles their children might face before the kids have to deal with them themselves. Unlike helicopter parents who only keep a close watch, they completely remove obstacles before their kids even see them. 2 For example, a dad once rushed to school with an expensive water bottle just because his teen complained about the school’s water fountains. True story! This parenting style comes from deep love, but it brings serious long-term harm to kids’ growth. Clinical psychologist Dr. Elizabeth Cohen says adults raised by lawnmower parents often struggle with basic life difficulties. 3 “When parents take away all conflict, kids lose the key skill of handling frustration and disappointment,” she explains. Many parents don’t even notice they’re acting this way. I’ll admit I’ve been both a helicopter and a lawnmower parent to my 3-year-old son. 4 I e$