专题04 阅读理解（七选五）（山东专用）2026年高考英语二模分类汇编

专题04 阅读理解（七选五） 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1【答案】1. A 2. G 3. F 4. E 5. D Passage 2【答案】1. G 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. E Passage 3【答案】1. C 2. G 3. A 4. B 5. E Passage 4【答案】1. G 2. B 3. F 4. C 5. A 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1【答案】1. E 2. A 3. C 4. F 5. G Passage 2【答案】1. D 2. C 3. G 4. A 5. B Passage 3【答案】1. E 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. G Passage 4【答案】1. F 2. A 3. E 4. D 5. G Passage 5【答案】1. G 2. B 3. E 4. D 5. C Passage 6【答案】1. B 2. A 3. G 4. F 5. E 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1【答案】1. E 2. B 3. F 4. C 5. D Passage 2【答案】1. A 2. F 3. C 4. E 5. B Passage 3【答案】1.G 2. C 3. D 4. F 5. A 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1【答案】1. D 2. A 3. F 4. G 5. E Passage 2【答案】1. B 2. C 3. G 4. F 5. D Passage 3【答案】1. C 2. F 3. D 4. G 5. E Passage 4【答案】1. E 2.A 3. F 4. D 5. G Passage 5【答案】1.C 2. A 3. F 4. B 5. G / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（七选五） 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （2026·山东东营·二模） Micro-connections: The Small Interactions That Matter Many of us, especially introverts, avoid small talk with strangers in daily life. However, brief and kind interactions with strangers and acquaintances, known as micro-connections, carry great value. ____1____ Micro-connections refer to short, shared moments, such as greeting passers-by, chatting with baristas (咖啡吧服务员), thanking servers, or complimenting others. Despite being tiny, these moments are far more meaningful than people think. Today, society is highly connected digitally but faces rising loneliness and division. People increasingly stay indoors and complete tasks online, reducing chances of communicating with strangers. ____2____ Why are micro-connections valuable? They effectively fight loneliness: studies show over 40% of U.S. adults feel lonely, and micro-connections help ease this. Such interactions lift one’s mood by increasing feel-good hormones and reducing stress. ____3____ Besides, micro-connections strengthen our sense of belonging and safety. They allow people to share deeper thoughts with less emotional risk. Strangers often provide new information, exposing us to different views and broadening our horizons. Moreover, they increase trust and strengthen the whole community. ____4____ We don’t need to be outgoing to practice micro-connections — introverts can also benefit. First, put ourselves in social situations where we might meet others. ____5____ Then, when we are comfortable, use the QUICK method: ask questions, find common ground, and show kindness. Repeated practice helps us become comfortable again. In short, these small interactions can improve mental health, reduce loneliness and build a warmer society. A. What exactly are micro-connections? B. How do micro-connections affect our mental well-being? C. Therefore, micro-connections are particularly important. D. Start small with simple gestures like smiles or greetings. E. How can we make the most of micro-connections in daily life? F. They also improve others’ mood, creating a two-way positive effect. G. Meanwhile, distrust grows, and people rarely interact with those who are different. 【答案】1. A 2. G 3. F 4. E 5. D 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了“微联结”的定义、当下社会背景下的重要性、价值以及日常践行微联结的方法。 【1题详解】 根据下文“Micro-connections refer to short, shared moments, such as greeting passers-by, chatting with baristas (咖啡吧服务员), thanking servers, or complimenting others.(微联结指的是短暂的、共享的时刻，比如问候路人、和咖啡吧服务员聊天、感谢服务员或赞美他人)”可知，下文是对“微联结”的具体定义，此处应提出关于“微联结是什么”的问题，引出下文的解释。A选项“What exactly are micro-connections? (微联结到底是什么？)”以设问形式衔接下文的定义。 【2题详解】 根据上文“Today, society is highly connected digitally but faces rising loneliness and division. People increasingly stay indoors and complete tasks online, reducing chances of communicating with strangers. (如今，社会在数字上高度联结，但却面临着日益加剧的孤独感和分裂。人们越来越多地待在室内，在线完成任务，减少了与陌生人交流的机会)”可知，进一步说明人们待在室内，在网上完成任务所产生的影响。G选项“Meanwhile, distrust grows, and people rarely interact with those who are different.(与此同时，不信任感日益加剧，人们很少与和自己不同的人交往)”中的Meanwhile表示并列关系，进一步描述了社会现状的另一个方面——不信任增长、与不同人群交流减少，与上文共同构成微连接缺失的社会背景。 【3题详解】 根据上文“Why are micro-connections valuable? They effectively fight loneliness: studies show over 40% of U.S. adults feel lonely, and micro-connections help ease this. Such interactions lift one’s mood by increasing feel-good hormones and reducing stress. (为什么微联结有价值？它们能有效对抗孤独：研究表明，超过40%的美国成年人感到孤独，而微联结有助于缓解这种情况。这样的互动通过增加让人感觉良好的荷尔蒙和减轻压力来提升人的情绪)”可知，上文介绍了微联结对自身情绪的积极影响，此处应进一步补充其积极作用，且与上文衔接连贯。F选项“They also improve others’ mood, creating a two-way positive effect. (它们还能改善他人的情绪，创造双向的积极影响)”中的They指代上文的micro-connections，also承接上文的积极作用，补充了对他人的影响。 【4题详解】 根据下文“We don’t need to be outgoing to practice micro-connections — introverts can also benefit. First, put ourselves in social situations where we might meet others. (我们不需要外向就能践行微联结——内向的人也能从中受益。首先，让自己处于可能遇到他人的社交场合中)”可知，下文介绍的是践行微联结的方法，此处应提出关于“如何践行微联结”的问题，引出下文的具体建议。E选项“How can we make the most of micro-connections in daily life? (我们如何在日常生活中充分利用微联结？)”以设问形式引出了下文的方法。 【5题详解】 根据上文“First, put ourselves in social situations where we might meet others. (首先，让自己处于可能遇到他人的社交场合中)”以及下文“Then, when we are comfortable, use the QUICK method: ask questions, find common ground, and show kindness. (然后，当我们感到舒适时，使用QUICK方法：提问、寻找共同点、表达善意)”可知，此处应衔接“进入社交场合”之后、“使用QUICK方法”之前的步骤。D选项“Start small with simple gestures like smiles or greetings. (从微笑或问候等简单的手势开始)”中的Start small呼应上文的First，且简单手势符合“刚开始进入社交场合”的场景，衔接下文的进一步方法。 Passage 2 （2026·山东泰安·二模） For many kids, setting a big goal and achieving it can feel like climbing a slippery hill. ____1____ Teaching children to create goals that are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound builds a can-do attitude and helps them face obstacles in life. SMART goals deconstruct larger goals into smaller, actionable steps. They remove guesswork and make goals easier to track. ____2____ For example, an unclear goal like “do better at math” can be reframed as “practice multiplication tables for 10 minutes after dinner every day”. When you set SMART goals with kids, the key is to keep them collaborative and simple. ____3____ They can make kids feel overwhelmed, so it’s better to focus on one simple goal at a time until it becomes a habit. It’s also important to avoid common mistakes. ____4____ Praising only the results instead of the effort will make kids discouraged when they face setbacks. What’s more, don’t set goals for your kids — let them take ownership of their own goals. Setting the goal is just the first step; sticking to it is more important. ____5____ Regular check-ins, celebrating small progress and adjusting goals when needed can all help kids stay on track with their SMART goals. In the end, SMART goals are not just about achieving something, but about building life skills like time management and self-discipline for kids. A. Goals should be specific and detailed. B. One of them is paying no attention to process. C. Children should be encouraged to set their own goals. D. First, avoid making goals too big or setting too many of them. E. There are several tips to help kids stick to their SMART goals. F. You need to prepare a lot of professional tools to track the goals. G. But SMART goals can give them the tools to conquer it with confidence. 【答案】1. G 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍孩子制定大目标难以实现，进而给出用SMART目标帮助孩子设定、坚持目标并培养生活技能的建议。 【1题详解】 根据上文“For many kids, setting a big goal and achieving it can feel like climbing a slippery hill.(对许多孩子来说，设定一个大目标并实现它就像爬一座滑溜溜的山)”以及下文“Teaching children to create goals that are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound builds a can-do attitude and helps them face obstacles in life.(教孩子制定具体、可衡量、可实现、相关且有时间限制的目标，能培养他们积极肯干的态度，并帮助他们面对生活中的障碍)”可知，此处应衔接上文孩子实现大目标的困难，引出下文的SMART目标，G选项“But SMART goals can give them the tools to conquer it with confidence.(但SMART目标能给他们信心十足地征服它的工具)”中的it指代上文climbing a slippery hill，既转折了上文的困难，又引出下文的SMART目标，符合语境。故选G项。 【2题详解】 根据上文“SMART goals deconstruct larger goals into smaller, actionable steps. They remove guesswork and make goals easier to track.(SMART目标将较大的目标分解为更小的、可执行的步骤。它们消除了猜测，使目标更容易跟踪)”以及下文“For example, an unclear goal like “do better at math” can be reframed as “practice multiplication tables for 10 minutes after dinner every day”.(例如，一个不明确的目标，比如“数学学得更好”，可以重新定义为“每天晚饭后练习10分钟乘法表”)”可知，此处应体现SMART目标的具体性，A选项“Goals should be specific and detailed.(目标应该具体而详细)”既呼应了上文SMART目标的特点，又与下文的例子相契合，符合语境。故选A项。 【3题详解】 根据上文“When you set SMART goals with kids, the key is to keep them collaborative and simple.(当你和孩子一起设定SMART目标时，关键是要保持协作和简单)”以及下文“They can make kids feel overwhelmed, so it’s better to focus on one simple goal at a time until it becomes a habit.(它们会让孩子感到不知所措，所以最好一次专注于一个简单的目标，直到它成为一种习惯)”可知，此处应指出要避免的问题，D选项“First, avoid making goals too big or setting too many of them.(首先，避免把目标定得太大或定得太多)”中的goals too big or too many对应下文的overwhelmed，符合语境。故选D项。 【4题详解】 根据上文“It’s also important to avoid common mistakes.(避免常见错误也很重要)”以及下文“Praising only the results instead of the effort will make kids discouraged when they face setbacks.(只表扬结果而不表扬努力，会让孩子在面对挫折时感到气馁)”可知，此处应列举一种常见错误，B选项“One of them is paying no attention to process.(其中之一是不关注过程)”中的one of them指代上文的common mistakes，paying no attention to process与下文only the results instead of the effort相呼应，符合语境。故选B项。 【5题详解】 根据上文“Setting the goal is just the first step; sticking to it is more important.(设定目标只是第一步，坚持下去更重要)”以及下文“Regular check-ins, celebrating small progress and adjusting goals when needed can all help kids stay on track with their SMART goals.(定期检查、庆祝小进步以及在需要时调整目标，都能帮助孩子坚持他们的SMART目标)”可知，此处应引出帮助孩子坚持SMART目标的方法，E选项“There are several tips to help kids stick to their SMART goals.(有几个技巧可以帮助孩子坚持他们的SMART目标)”既承接上文“坚持目标更重要”，又引出下文的具体技巧，符合语境。故选E项。 Passage 3 （2026·山东滕州·二模） We love our pets. In fact, for most people they are more than me re pets and become more like family members. It is likely then that their owners, at some point, are going to want photographs of their furry friends. However, pet photography presents its own special problems. ____1____ If you’re thinking of trying pet photography, here are a few pointers to get you started. Find out about your subject’s personality and habits. Where does it nod off if the sun is out? What is its favourite toy? ____2____ It’s also worth spending a little time getting to know the animal yourself. Cats, dogs, horses, they all have personality, and you need to ensure they are comfortable being around you, and you around them. ____3____ If the pet is comfortable with you, and if it isn’t too nervous, fill the frame with the pet’s face. Get the eyes nice and sharp. Just like humans, this is a natural point of focus, although focusing on the nose or mouth of a dog or cat can also make for an interesting image in its own right. See the world from pets’ perspective. If you photograph a pet while you’re standing up, all you’re going to see is the top of their head and their backs, not what you want for a portrait. Get down to their eye level. Try pre-focusing your camera and just holding it at ground level so you can look up at the pet. ____4____. Bring a flash with the owner’s permission. While greeting or playing with a new pet, fire a couple of test flashes away from them to see their reaction. In daylight particularly, they never seem to mind the flash at all. ____5____. A. Think about getting in close to your subject. B. It’s worth a try just for a new angle on things. C. Animals can be unpredictable, lazy, aggressive and excitable. D. A good photograph focuses on the subject and not the background. E. If they do mind, then stick with natural light and use a white reflector. F. The more you shoot, the greater your chances of hitting that perfect shot! G. Take time to chat with the owner and observe your subject to gain some insight. 【答案】1. C 2. G 3. A 4. B 5. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文就如何给动物拍照片提出了几点建议。 【1题详解】 根据上文“However, pet photography presents its own special problems.”（然而，宠物摄影也有其特殊的问题）可知，选项承接上文说明动物的具体问题。故C选项“动物可能是不可预测的、懒惰的、好斗的和容易激动的”切题。故选C项。 【2题详解】 根据上文“Where does it nod off if the sun is out? What is its favourite toy?”（太阳出来的时候它在哪里打盹?它最喜欢的玩具是什么?）可知，选项承接上文说明通过一起洗渠道了解动物的一些情况。故G选项“花点时间和主人聊天，观察你的拍摄对象，获得一些洞察力”切题，且呼应下文“It’s also worth spending a little time getting to know the animal yourself.”（花一点时间去了解这种动物也是值得的）切题。故选G项。 【3题详解】 根据下文“If the pet is comfortable with you, and if it isn’t too nervous, fill the frame with the pet’s face. Get the eyes nice and sharp.”（如果宠物和你在一起很舒服，如果它不太紧张，照整张脸。把眼睛弄得漂亮而锐利）可知，本段告诉读者要接近拍摄对象。故A选项“考虑接近你的拍摄对象。”切题，为本段的标题。故选A项。 【4题详解】 根据上文“See the world from pets’ perspective.”（从宠物的角度看世界）可知，选项总结上文呼应主题，从从宠物的角度看世界是一个新的视角，值得去做。故B选项“从新的角度看问题，值得一试。”切题。故选B项。 【5题详解】 根据上文“In daylight particularly, they never seem to mind the flash at all.”（尤其是在白天，它们似乎根本不在乎闪光灯。）可知，选项承接上文说明相反的情况怎么办。故E选项“如果它们介意，那就坚持使用自然光，使用白色的反光镜”切题。故选E项。 Passage 4 （2026·山东青岛·二模） When Becca’s parents informed her that the family would be hiking to Big Bend National Park in West Texas for spring break, Becca was not excited, because the only things she knew about it were some things her friend Shayla had told her that the cell phone signal was not very good, and that there was very little to do. ____1____. Becca threw her bag into the car, rolling her eyes, and asked how long it was going to take to get to the infamous park. “It’s about a five-hour drive,” her mom replied. ____2____. “Is the scenery at least good along the way?” she complained extremely unhappily. ____3____. She rested her head against a pillow and immediately fell asleep. After hours of tossing (翻转) and turning in the uncomfortable back seat. Becca was awakened by her mother’s excited announcement: “We’re here!” Looking wide-eyed into the canyon (峡谷), Becca suddenly spotted a large animal. “Dad, look!” she shouted. After a while, Becca thought about the opinions her friend Shayla had shared with her. “See, a mountain lion! Amazing!” The three of them stared at it in open-mouthed astonishment. ____4____. “Uh, Mom, Dad,” Becca finally said as the lion slid into some tall bushes. “I didn’t know Big Bend is so beautiful or that mountain lions live here. I can hardly believe what I am seeing!” “Yeah, honey. That’s the wonder of nature — you’re always discovering something new!” her mom exclaimed in excitement. “That true. Becca. Just keep our minds open to things. ____5____!” her dad added. A. We’ll definitely find miracles in nature B. Hearing that, her mood soured even more C. Becca was surprised by the breathtaking sight D. Shayla went back to her room to sleep in silence E. You should work with, not against, Mother Nature F. Becca jumped unwillingly into the back seat without a word G. So, she questioned her parents’ decision from the bottom of her heart 【答案】1. G 2. B 3. F 4. C 5. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Becca从抗拒去Big Bend国家公园到被壮丽自然景观震撼并爱上大自然的转变过程。 【1题详解】 由上文“Becca was not excited, because the only things she knew about it were some things her friend Shayla had told her that the cell phone signal was not very good, and that there was very little to do. (Becca并不兴奋，因为她对Big Bend国家公园的了解仅来自朋友Shayla的描述——手机信号不好，没什么可做的)”及下文“Becca threw her bag into the car, rolling her eyes, and asked how long it was going to take to get to the infamous park. (Becca把包扔进车里，翻着白眼，问要多久才能到达那个“臭名昭著”的公园)”可知，上文说明Becca因朋友的负面信息而不兴奋，下文是她质疑父母决定后的不满动作，本空应说明她对这件事持有的负面的情绪或态度。G选项“So, she questioned her parents’ decision from the bottom of her heart. (所以，她从心底质疑父母的决定)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 【2题详解】 由上文““It’s about a five-hour drive,” her mom replied. (“大约五个小时的车程，”妈妈回答)”及下文““Is the scenery at least good along the way?” she complained extremely unhappily. (“沿途的风景至少好点吧？”她极其不满地抱怨道)”可知，上文提到漫长的车程，下文是Becca的抱怨，本空应说明她听到车程后的心情变化。B选项“Hearing that, her mood soured even more. (听到这个，她的心情更糟了)”中“that”指代“五个小时车程”，“mood soured even more”承接上文的“not excited”，引出下文的抱怨，符合语境。故选B。 【3题详解】 由下文“She rested her head against a pillow and immediately fell asleep. (她把头靠在枕头上，立刻睡着了)”及“After hours of tossing (翻转) and turning in the uncomfortable back seat. (在不舒服的后座上翻转了几个小时后)”可知，下文提到她在后座睡觉的动作，本空应说明她上车的动作。F选项“Becca jumped unwillingly into the back seat without a word. (Becca不情愿地跳进后座，一句话也没说)”中“unwillingly”对应下文的“uncomfortable back seat”，“without a word”引出“immediately fell asleep”的动作，符合语境。故选F。 【4题详解】 由上文“The three of them stared at it in open-mouthed astonishment. (他们三个目瞪口呆地盯着它)”及下文““I didn’t know Big Bend is so beautiful or that mountain lions live here. I can hardly believe what I am seeing!” (“我不知道Big Bend这么美，也不知道这里有美洲狮。我简直不敢相信眼前的一切！”)”可知，上文提到他们对美洲狮的震惊，下文是Becca对眼前景象的感叹，本空应说明她被景象震惊的状态。C选项“Becca was surprised by the breathtaking sight. (Becca被这令人窒息的景象震惊了)”中“breathtaking sight”指代“峡谷和美洲狮的景象”，“surprised”承接上文的“open-mouthed astonishment”，引出下文的感叹，符合语境。故选C。 【5题详解】 由上文““Yeah, honey. That’s the wonder of nature — you’re always discovering something new!” her mom exclaimed in excitement. (“是的，宝贝。这就是自然的奇迹——你总是能发现新事物！”妈妈兴奋地喊道)”及““That true. Becca. Just keep our minds open to things. (“没错，Becca。只要保持开放的心态)”可知，上文妈妈提到自然的奇迹和发现新事物，爸爸强调保持开放心态，本空应承接“自然奇迹”的主题。A选项“We’ll definitely find miracles in nature. (我们一定会在自然中找到奇迹)”中“miracles in nature”对应妈妈的“wonder of nature”，“definitely find”承接爸爸的“keep our minds open”，符合语境。故选A。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （2026·山东德州·二模） In the fast-paced world of 2026, many people find themselves feeling stressed, tired, or disconnected from their own well-being. The good news is that small, science-backed changes to your daily routine can make a big difference in how you feel. ____1____ These simple daily practices don’t require much time or money, but they can help boost your mood and improve your overall quality of life. One of the most effective ways to feel better is to prioritize daily movement. It’s not about doing intense workouts, but about staying active in a way that works for you. ____2____ Simply walking, stretching, or dancing to your favorite music can release endorphins (内啡肽), which help reduce stress and lift your mood. ____3____ The key practice is getting enough quality sleep. Many people underestimate the importance of sleep, but it’s essential for both physical and mental health. Avoiding screens an hour before bed and creating a calm bedtime routine can help you fall asleep faster and sleep more soundly. Connecting with others is crucial for emotional well-being as well. ____4____ In an era of constant digital communication, face-to-face interactions can feel rare, but they’re vital for building meaningful relationships. Spending time with others can reduce feelings of loneliness and increase feelings of happiness. Finally, don’t forget to take time for yourself. In a world that often values busyness, it’s important to carve out moments of relaxation. This could be reading a book or practicing meditation and enjoying the present moment. ____5____ A. You don’t have to push yourself too hard. B. Taking deep breaths can help calm your mind. C. Beyond physical activity, good mental rest also matters. D. Spending time in nature is also a great way to reduce stress. E. They can bring great benefits to your mental and physical health. F. Yet nothing can compare with the comfort of in-person connections. G. Taking care of your own needs isn’t selfish-it’s essential for well-being. 【答案】1. E 2. A 3. C 4. F 5. G 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了日常运动、优质睡眠、面对面社交和自我关怀四种科学小习惯，能有效提升身心健康与生活质量。 【1题详解】 前文“The good news is that small, science-backed changes to your daily routine can make a big difference in how you feel.( 但好消息是，对日常生活习惯进行一些基于科学的小改变，就能极大地改善你的感受)”指出“科学支持的日常小改变能显著改善感受”，后文“These simple daily practices don’t require much time or money, but they can help boost your mood and improve your overall quality of life.( 这些简单的日常行为不需要太多时间或金钱，但却能帮助提升你的情绪，改善你的整体生活质量)”具体说明“这些简单做法能提升情绪、改善生活质量”。E选项“They can bring great benefits to your mental and physical health.( 它们对您的身心健康都有极大的益处)”中的They精准指代前文的small, science-backed changes，承接上文引出这些改变带来的核心益处，自然过渡到下文对具体做法的介绍。 【2题详解】 前文“One of the most effective ways to feel better is to prioritize daily movement. It’s not about doing intense workouts, but about staying active in a way that works for you.( 让自己每天保持活跃是感觉更好的最有效方式之一。这并非指进行高强度的锻炼，而是指以适合自己的方式保持活跃)”强调运动“不是高强度锻炼，而是适合自己的方式”，后文“Simply walking, stretching, or dancing to your favorite music can release endorphins (内啡肽), which help reduce stress and lift your mood.( 仅仅是散步、伸展或者随着你最喜欢的音乐跳舞就能释放内啡肽，这有助于减轻压力并提升心情)”列举了走路、拉伸、跳舞等简单运动形式。A选项“You don’t have to push yourself too hard.( 你不必过于勉强自己)”直接呼应“无需高强度”的核心观点，与后文“简单运动即可释放内啡肽”形成完美的逻辑递进，明确了日常运动的轻松原则。 【3题详解】 上一段完整论述了“身体运动”的重要性，本段核心话题“The key practice is getting enough quality sleep.( 关键的实践是保证充足的高质量睡眠)”转为“高质量睡眠”（精神休息的核心）。C选项“Beyond physical activity, good mental rest also matters.( 除了体育锻炼之外，良好的精神休息也很重要)”作为段落首句，起到了绝佳的承上启下作用，用Beyond physical activity自然结束上一话题，用good mental rest also matters开启本段关于睡眠的讨论。 【4题详解】 前文“Connecting with others is crucial for emotional well-being as well.( 与他人建立联系对于情感健康也至关重要)”提出“人际连接对情绪健康至关重要”，后文“In an era of constant digital communication, face-to-face interactions can feel rare, but they’re vital for building meaningful relationships.( 在这个不断进行数字化交流的时代，面对面的交流可能显得较为罕见，但它们对于建立有意义的关系至关重要)”转折指出“数字时代面对面交流稀缺但意义重大”。F选项“Yet nothing can compare with the comfort of in-person connections.( 但没有什么能比得上面对面交流所带来的舒适感)”中的Yet形成转折，将话题从泛泛的“人际连接”聚焦到“面对面连接”的独特价值，与后文face-to-face interactions形成精准呼应。 【5题详解】 本段核心是“Finally, don’t forget to take time for yourself.( 最后，别忘了给自己留出一些时间)”以及前文“This could be reading a book or practicing meditation and enjoying the present moment.( 这可以是阅读一本书、练习冥想以及享受当下的美好时光)”列举了读书、冥想等具体方式。G选项“Taking care of your own needs isn’t selfish-it’s essential for well-being.( 关心自己的需求并非自私之举——这是保持健康所必需的)”作为全文最后一句，升华了“自我关怀”的主题，纠正了“自我关怀是自私”的常见误解，强调其对幸福的必要性，收束全文有力且温暖。 Passage 2 （2026·山东胶州·二模） About a year ago, our dishwasher broke down. We called a repairman and were told it would have to be replaced. ____1____ So my mother asked me to wash dishes by hand after dinner. To understand why this upset me so much, you need to know what my life was like as a university senior. ____2____ Homework assignments, projects and tests competed for my attention and time. I caged myself in a prison of my own ambitions and expectations, cut off from many aspects of the world. So when I first started washing dishes, I felt annoyed. I was in a rush to be done with them, eager to get back to my endless list of tasks. ____3____ For about 15 minutes every day, I realized that I could slow down time and forget everything in the world. As my mind, eyes and hands focused on a simple task that would always result in success, I found peace. Though the new dishwasher arrived eventually, I continued to wash dishes by hand. This task became more relaxing and educational than I could have imagined. ____4____ From my kitchen window, I watched the seasons change: the tomato plant grew in summer, gave its fruit in fall, and died back in winter. Then new green was showing in spring. I kept these sights in mind, thinking on time itself. Washing dishes taught me to think of the completion of a task as the ultimate reward, not praise or a prize. I learned to be more relaxed about deadlines. ____5____ A. It definitely allowed me to recover. B. Now I can enjoy whatever task I’m doing. C. I was running around stressed most of the day. D. It took a while for the model we ordered to arrive. E. But a new dishwasher was out of our consideration. F. I should have accomplished them with even greater efforts. G. Washing dishes, though, caused an admirable transformation in me. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. G 4. A 5. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因洗碗机故障洗碗，从中获得成长的经历。 【1题详解】 上文“We called a repairman and were told it would have to be replaced.(我们打电话给修理工，被告知洗碗机必须更换)”说明洗碗机无法修理，需要更换。空后“So my mother asked me to wash dishes by hand after dinner.(所以我妈妈让我晚饭后手洗碗)”说明暂时无法使用新洗碗机，需要手动洗碗。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明新洗碗机无法立即到位。选项D“It took a while for the model we ordered to arrive.(我们订购的型号花了一段时间才到)”的“took a while to arrive”解释了为什么需要手动洗碗，与后文内容相呼应，符合语境。故选D。 【2题详解】 上文“To understand why this upset me so much, you need to know what my life was like as a university senior.(要理解为什么这让我如此沮丧，你需要知道我作为大四学生的生活是什么样的)”说明下文将介绍作者大四的生活状态。空后“Homework assignments, projects and tests competed for my attention and time.(家庭作业、项目和考试都在争夺我的注意力和时间)”描述了作者忙碌的状态。空处承接前文，具体说明作者的生活状态。选项C“I was running around stressed most of the day.(我大部分时间都在紧张地忙碌)”具体体现了作者大四的忙碌与压力，与后文的任务繁重相呼应，符合语境。故选C。 【3题详解】 上文“So when I first started washing dishes, I felt annoyed. I was in a rush to be done with them, eager to get back to my endless list of tasks.(所以当我刚开始洗碗时，我感到很恼火。我急于洗完，渴望回到我无尽的任务清单上)”说明作者一开始对洗碗很反感、很急躁。空后“For about 15 minutes every day, I realized that I could slow down time and forget everything in the world.(每天大约15分钟，我意识到我可以放慢时间，忘记世界上的一切)”说明作者后来对洗碗的态度发生了转变。空处为转折关系，体现作者的变化。选项G“Washing dishes, though, caused an admirable transformation in me.(然而，洗碗给我带来了令人钦佩的转变)”中的“though”表转折，“transformation”呼应后文作者态度的变化，与上下文内容相衔接，符合语境。故选G。 【4题详解】 上文“This task became more relaxing and educational than I could have imagined.(这项任务比我想象的更放松、更有教育意义)”说明洗碗给作者带来了积极影响。空后“From my kitchen window, I watched the seasons change: the tomato plant grew in summer, gave its fruit in fall, and died back in winter. Then new green was showing in spring. I kept these sights in mind, thinking on time itself.(从我家厨房的窗户望去，我目睹了四季的更替：番茄植株在夏季生长，秋季结出果实，冬季又逐渐枯萎。而到了春天，又会萌发出新的绿意。我将这些景象铭记于心，思考着时间的本质)”具体描述了洗碗时的收获。空处承接前文，进一步说明洗碗的积极作用。选项A“It definitely allowed me to recover.(它确实让我得到了恢复)”中的“It”指代“washing dishes”，“recover”呼应前文的“relaxing”，体现洗碗对作者的积极影响，与后文内容相呼应，符合语境。故选A。 【5题详解】 上文“Washing dishes taught me to think of the completion of a task as the ultimate reward, not praise or a prize. I learned to be more relaxed about deadlines.(洗碗教会我把完成一项任务视为最终的奖励，而不是表扬或奖品。我学会了对截止日期更放松)”说明作者从洗碗中学会了正确的做事态度。空处为总结句，体现作者的转变与收获。选项B“Now I can enjoy whatever task I’m doing.(现在我可以享受我正在做的任何任务)”总结了作者从洗碗中获得的成长，呼应前文的态度转变，作为文章结尾，符合语境。故选B。 Passage 3 （2026·山东聊城·二模） Many of us set grand goals, yet ultimately give in to hopelessness when progress remains snail-paced or invisible, failing to realize that lasting success is rarely achieved in no time. ____1____ Small steps serve as the core foundation of remarkable achievements. Consider the transformation of a seed into a towering forest giant. This process unfolds gradually, not in a flash. ____2____ Day by day, it takes in sunlight and water, growing deeper roots until it finally stands tall and resiliently — a proof of patience and persistence (坚持). Our goals mirror that seed: they demand time and daily care. ____3____ For example, reading a short English passage daily is better than finishing a thick book in a weekend. The former builds a sustainable routine; the latter just tires you out. Consistency is key, and small steps make consistency possible by keeping the task manageable. Another noticeable advantage of small steps lies in their capacity to lessen anxiety. When faced with a huge task, feeling nervous is an instinctive response. ____4____ However, splitting it into small steps helps. Each modest victory fosters a sense of fulfillment, which in turn strengthens your perseverance. This positive cycle can turn even the hardest goals into something easy to achieve. Small steps teach an invaluable lesson in personal growth. ____5____ Thus, the next time you are confronted with a monumental objective, don’t be afraid to start small. Bear in mind: every great journey begins with a single step. A. We may even abandon the effort before we begin. B. It transforms quietly and steadily beneath the surface. C. Small steps contribute to the formation of good habits. D. Make gradual progress on the demanding task each day. E. To change this situation, the best solution is to take small steps. F. Small steps are by no means capable of changing the circumstance. G. They remind us that progress, rather than perfection, is what truly counts. 【答案】1. E 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. G 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了小步骤是伟大成就的核心基础，及其带来的诸多好处与启示 。 【1题详解】 上文“Many of us set grand goals, yet ultimately give in to hopelessness when progress remains snail-paced or invisible, failing to realize that lasting success is rarely achieved in no time. (我们很多人设定了宏伟的目标，然而当进展缓慢或看不到进展时，最终还是会陷入绝望，没有意识到持久的成功很少能一蹴而就)”指出人们常因进展慢而绝望，没意识到成功不能一蹴而就，E选项“要改变这种状况，最好的解决办法就是采取小步骤”针对上文问题提出解决办法，即采取小步骤，承接上文，符合语境。 【2题详解】 上文“Consider the transformation of a seed into a towering forest giant. This process unfolds gradually, not in a flash. (想想一颗种子如何变成参天大树。这个过程是逐渐展开的，不是一蹴而就的)”以种子成长为大树为例说明成长过程缓慢，B选项“它在表面之下安静而稳定地变化着”进一步描述种子成长的状态，即安静稳定地变化，承接上文，符合语境。 【3题详解】 下文“For example, reading a short English passage daily is better than finishing a thick book in a weekend. The former builds a sustainable routine; the latter just tires you out. (例如，每天读一篇短篇英语文章比在一个周末读完一本厚书要好。前者能建立可持续的习惯；后者只会让你疲惫不堪)”通过举例说明每天做小事能建立可持续的习惯，C选项“小步骤有助于养成良好习惯”概括了本段主旨，引出下文例子，符合语境。 【4题详解】 上文“When faced with a huge task, feeling nervous is an instinctive response. (当面对一项巨大的任务时，感到紧张是一种本能反应)”提到面对大任务会本能紧张，A选项“我们甚至可能在开始之前就放弃努力”进一步说明紧张可能导致的后果，即放弃努力，承接上文，符合语境。 【5题详解】 上文“Small steps teach an invaluable lesson in personal growth. (小步骤在个人成长方面给我们上了宝贵的一课)”指出小步骤对个人成长有宝贵作用，G选项“它们提醒我们，真正重要的是进步，而不是完美”具体说明小步骤带来的启示，即重视进步而非完美，承接上文，符合语境。 Passage 4 （2026·山东肥城·二模） Habits are useful. But as more and more activities become habitual, life becomes more routinized. ____1____ One small change — like choosing to have lunch on a park bench instead of at your desk — can lead to good things. In my case, the breakthrough was a subway ride. When my husband broke his hip (髋), instead of driving, we started taking the train from Boston to visit my family in New York. For a decade, we arrived late on Friday nights and joined the long taxi line, adding another exhausting hour to the trip. ____2____ To our amazement it was a simple 10-minute ride, followed by a three-minute walk to our hotel. Suddenly, we were free of the slowly crawling street traffic. The short walk from the subway stop to our hotel took us past a little grocery store, and it dawned on us that we could buy breakfast supplies instead of going out for them each morning. ____3____ Breaking the habit got us thinking again. If we took a train only one hour earlier, we could get to the city in time for dinner and actually have an extra evening in New York. ____4____ The enjoyment of sitting down to eat dinner, minutes after arriving in the city, was enhanced by the thought of how, in the old days, we’d still be standing in line for taxi. ____5____ Which habits have served their purpose? Which should be cherished? The small decision to take the subway has led to a string of other good decisions. The less company-fancy the meal is, the more my attention shifts to its other qualities. Some habits hold us back, while others give daily life its deep satisfactions. A. Eventually, our daughter suggested the subway. B. It was strange how deeply we’d fallen into the habit. C. We’d both begun using the subway system as teenagers. D. This led to a search for restaurants within walking distances. E. Eating-in leisurely turned out to be far more enjoyable. F. That is why breaking even a small habit can feel so significant. G. Having benefited from breaking a habit, I question others more. 【答案】1. F 2. A 3. E 4. D 5. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了打破习惯的重要性及作者打破习惯后的感悟。 【1题详解】 由上文“Habits are useful. But as more and more activities become habitual, life becomes more routinized. (习惯是有用的。但是随着越来越多的活动成为习惯，生活变得更加常规化。)”及下文“One small change — like choosing to have lunch on a park bench instead of at your desk — can lead to good things. (一个小小的改变——比如选择在公园长椅上吃午饭而不是在办公桌前吃——就能带来好事。)”可知，上文提到习惯让生活常规化，下文指出一个小改变能带来好事，本空应说明打破小习惯的意义重大。F选项“That is why breaking even a small habit can feel so significant. (这就是为什么即使是打破一个小习惯也会让人觉得如此重要。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 【2题详解】 由上文“For a decade, we arrived late on Friday nights and joined the long taxi line, adding another exhausting hour to the trip. (十年来，我们周五晚上很晚才到，然后加入长长的出租车队伍，给旅程又增加了一个令人疲惫的小时。)”及下文“To our amazement it was a simple 10-minute ride, followed by a three-minute walk to our hotel. (令我们惊讶的是，这段路程只需10分钟的车程，然后步行3分钟就到酒店了。)”可知，上文描述了之前乘坐出租车的疲惫经历，下文提到乘坐地铁的便捷，本空应说明有人提出了乘坐地铁的建议。A选项“Eventually, our daughter suggested the subway. (最终，我们的女儿建议乘坐地铁。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 【3题详解】 由上文“The short walk from the subway stop to our hotel took us past a little grocery store, and it dawned on us that we could buy breakfast supplies instead of going out for them each morning. (从地铁站到酒店的短途步行让我们经过了一家小杂货店，我们突然意识到我们可以买早餐用品，而不是每天早上出去买。)”及下文“Breaking the habit got us thinking again. (打破这个习惯让我们又开始思考。)”可知，上文提到在杂货店买早餐用品，下文提到打破习惯带来的思考，本空应说明这一改变带来的其他好处，如在家悠闲地吃饭。E选项“Eating-in leisurely turned out to be far more enjoyable. (悠闲地在屋里吃饭反而更惬意。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选E。 【4题详解】 由上文“If we took a train only one hour earlier, we could get to the city in time for dinner and actually have an extra evening in New York.(如果我们提前一个小时坐火车，我们就能及时赶到城里吃晚饭，实际上还能在纽约多待一个晚上。)”及下文“The enjoyment of sitting down to eat dinner, minutes after arriving in the city, was enhanced by the thought of how, in the old days, we’d still be standing in line for taxi.(一到达城市就坐下来吃晚饭的乐趣，因为想到在过去，我们还会在排队等出租车而得到了增强。)”可知，上文说明提前坐火车赶到城里吃晚饭，下文说明坐下来吃晚饭带来的愉悦感，此处衔接赶晚餐的想法，引出寻找就近餐厅。D 选项“This led to a search for restaurants within walking distances. (这让我们开始寻找步行可达的餐厅)”能承接上下文，符合逻辑。故选D。 【5题详解】 由下文“Which habits have served their purpose? Which should be cherished? The small decision to take the subway has led to a string of other good decisions. (哪些习惯已经达到了目的？哪些应该被珍惜？乘坐地铁这个小决定引发了一系列其他好决定。)”可知，下文提到对习惯的反思和决定，本空应说明作者从打破一个习惯中受益后，开始质疑其他习惯。G选项“Having benefited from breaking a habit, I question others more. (从打破一个习惯中受益后，我更质疑其他习惯。)”能引出下文，符合语境。故选G。 Passage 5 （2026·山东淄博·二模） Do you often find yourself re-reading pages just to grasp the meaning? Boosting your reading speed and comprehension may seem like an unconquerable task. ____1____ Reading speed and comprehension are intertwined skills. Studies have shown that faster readers tend to understand the material better than slower readers. ____2____ Experts believe it’s because faster readers are able to process more information per unit of time, which allows them to retain and recall details more effectively. This is known as the “processing capacity” theory-our brains have a limited capacity for processing new information. Slow, disjointed reading can exhaust this capacity, causing attention to wander and information to be poorly integrated. In fact, this inefficiency is often because of underlying obstacles that hinder our focus and comprehension. One major challenge is a lack of focus, which can be caused by distractions like social media, email notifications, or simply the urge to multitask. ____3____ Reading in harsh sunlight or dimly lit rooms can cause eye strain and discomfort, leading to slower comprehension. Prior knowledge also plays a significant role in reading speed and comprehension. If you’re unfamiliar with the topic, it’s natural that your understanding will suffer. ____4____ To become a faster and more efficient reader, many often focus on finding quick fixes or magic solutions. However, the truth is that consistent effort and purposeful practice are key to achieving lasting results. Purposeful practice involves setting specific goals for improvement, identifying areas of weakness, and creating a structured plan to address them. ____5____ It focuses on making gradual progress over time rather than seeking short-term gains. By dedicating regular time to focused practice, readers can develop their skills and build confidence in their ability to understand complex material quickly. A. This is perfectly normal! B. But why does this happen? C. This approach emphasizes quality over quantity. D. Given these challenges, how should we proceed? E. Another common obstacle is poor lighting conditions. F. This way, you stay focused and get a better understanding. G. However, with right techniques, you can unlock your full potential. 【答案】1. G 2. B 3. E 4. D 5. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，围绕阅读能力提升展开，说明了阅读速度与理解能力的关联，分析了影响阅读效率的常见障碍，指出提升阅读能力的核心是持续且有目的的练习。 【1题详解】 上文“Boosting your reading speed and comprehension may seem like an unconquerable task. (提高阅读速度和理解能力似乎是一项难以完成的任务)”提到提升阅读速度和理解能力很困难；下文“Reading speed and comprehension are intertwined skills.(阅读速度和理解能力是相互关联的技能)”讲到了阅读速度和理解能力之间的关系，并提及如何成为一个更快和更高效率的阅读者“To become a faster and more efficient reader, many often focus on finding quick fixes or magic solutions. (为了成为阅读速度更快、效率更高的读者，许多人往往会倾向于寻找快速的解决办法或神奇的解决方案。)”可知，空处应承上启下，G选项“然而，只要运用恰当的方法，你就能充分发挥自己的潜力。”表示提高阅读速度和理解能力是可以做到的。故选G。 【2题详解】 上文“Studies have shown that faster readers tend to understand the material better than slower readers. (研究表明，阅读速度快的人往往比阅读速度慢的人更能理解所读的内容。)”及下文“Experts believe it’s because faster readers are able to process more information per unit of time, which allows them to retain and recall details more effectively. (专家们认为，这是因为阅读速度较快的人能够在相同时间内处理更多的信息，这使得他们能够更有效地记住和回忆细节)”可知，下文是上文对于“阅读速度快的人往往比阅读速度慢的人更能理解所读的内容”的现象的原因说明，B选项“但为什么会发生这种情况呢？”引出下文原因。故选B。 【3题详解】 上文“One major challenge is a lack of focus, which can be caused by distractions like social media, email notifications, or simply the urge to multitask. (一个主要的挑战在于缺乏专注力，这可能是由诸如社交媒体、电子邮件通知等干扰因素所导致的，也可能是出于想要同时处理多项任务的冲动所致。)”可知，上文提到了影响阅读效率的一个挑战，E选项“另一个常见的障碍是光线条件不佳。”为另外一个挑战，符合语境和结构。故选E。 【4题详解】 下文“To become a faster and more efficient reader, many often focus on finding quick fixes or magic solutions. (为了成为阅读速度更快、效率更高的读者，许多人往往会倾向于寻找快速的解决办法或神奇的解决方案。)”可知，此段介绍了如何进行更高效率的阅读。D选项“面对这些挑战，我们应当如何应对呢？”总领本段。故选D。 【5题详解】 下文“It focuses on making gradual progress over time rather than seeking short-term gains. (它注重的是随着时间的推移逐步取得进展，而非追求短期的成效。)”提到前文的方法追求质量而非数量，C选项“这种方法更注重质量而非数量。”与下文语境一致，为对于下文语境的概括句，符合逻辑。故选C。 Passage 6 （2026·山东青岛·二模） When I was asked to take part in a forest bathing, I packed a swimsuit, assuming it must involve a refreshing swim in the water. ____1____ I met Forest Therapy (治疗) guide Melanic Choukas- Bradley and several other women who’d come along for the adventure at an urban forest. Here, I began to get it. Forest bathing isn’t a bath. We sat on the banks of the river, but we did not get in the water. ____2____ We did walk the forest tracks, but we wandered with no destination in mind. The aim of forest bathing, Choukas-Bradley explained, is to slow down and become fully bathed in the natural environment. She helped us tune in to the forest’s smells, tastes and sights. ___3___ As we passed through the trees, we touched their trunks, feeling the roughness beneath our fingers. We smelled the flowers, each breath being a celebration of nature’s beauty. There’s a growing body of evidence that shows forest bathing can help boost mood and reduce stress. ____4____ A 2011 study comparing city walks to forest walks found the forest environment led to greater reductions in blood pressure, despite both activities requiring equal physical effort. ____5____ Most of human history was spent in environments that lack buildings and walls, and our bodies have adapted to living in the natural world. But today most of us spend much of our life indoors. Perhaps the new forest bathing trend is a recognition that many of us need a little nudge to get back out there. A. It’s not a hike, either. B. It turns out that my interpretation was literal. C. The benefits of nature can be accessed simply. D. Forest bathing frees us from worldly engagements. E. The idea that spending time in nature is good is not new. F. Indeed, medical researchers have demonstrated its benefits. G. We took in the peaceful surroundings by using all our senses. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. G 4. F 5. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是森林浴以及森林浴的好处等。 【1题详解】 根据上文“When I was asked to take part in a forest bathing, I packed a swimsuit, assuming it must involve a refreshing swim in the water.(当我被邀请参加森林浴时，我带上了泳衣，以为一定是在水里游个痛快)”可知，上文提到作者以为森林浴就是去游泳，即从字面上理解了这个概念。故B选项“原来我理解的是字面意思”符合语境，故选B。 【2题详解】 根据上文“We sat on the banks of the river, but we did not get in the water.(我们坐在河岸上，但没有下水)”以及后文“We did walk the forest tracks, but we wandered with no destination in mind.(我们确实沿着森林小径走了，但我们漫无目的地徘徊)”可知，本句主要是在介绍森林浴的特点，不是下水游泳，只是漫无目的地徘徊，说明是无目的的散步，不是有目的地徒步旅行。故A选项“也不是徒步旅行”符合语境，故选A。 【3题详解】 根据后文“As we passed through the trees, we touched their trunks, feeling the roughness beneath our fingers. We smelled the flowers, each breath being a celebration of nature’s beauty.(当我们穿过树林时，我们触摸着树干，感受着手指下的粗糙。我们闻着花香，每一次呼吸都是对大自然之美的赞美)”可知，提到了触摸、感受、闻着、呼吸，都是在强调感官体验。故G选项“我们运用一切感官感受这宁静的环境”符合语境，故选G。 【4题详解】 根据上文“There’s a growing body of evidence that shows forest bathing can help boost mood and reduce stress.(越来越多的证据表明，森林浴可以帮助改善情绪，减轻压力)”以及后文“A 2011 study comparing city walks to forest walks found the forest environment led to greater reductions in blood pressure, despite both activities requiring equal physical effort.(2011年的一项研究比较了城市散步和森林散步，发现森林环境更能降低血压，尽管这两种活动都需要同样的体力)”可知，本句为过渡句，指出有研究证明了森林浴可以帮助改善情绪，减轻压力，同时引出后文的研究内容。故F选项“事实上，医学研究人员已经证明了它的好处”符合语境，故选F。 【20题详解】 根据后文“Most of human history was spent in environments that lack buildings and walls, and our bodies have adapted to living in the natural world. But today most of us spend much of our life indoors. Perhaps the new forest bathing trend is a recognition that many of us need a little nudge to get back out there.(人类历史的大部分时间都是在没有建筑和墙壁的环境中度过的，我们的身体已经适应了在自然界的生活。但是今天，我们大多数人的大部分时间都在室内度过。也许新的森林浴潮流是一种认识，即我们中的许多人需要一点推动才能回到那里)”可知，后文提到人类的身体已经适应了在自然界的生活，且需要推动回到大自然，说明是在建议花时间亲近大自然。故E选项“花时间在大自然中是件好事的想法并不新鲜”符合语境，故选E。 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （2026·山东济宁·二模） There may be times when you may feel that enveloping your message in a generous coat of “nice” will make communication with others better. ____1____ Sugarcoating your words — whatever your reasons are — not only does not push meaningful relationships forward but may actually endanger otherwise healthy interactions. While, at best, sugarcoating can be an attempt at kindness, at worst, it could be viewed as a form of manipulation — trying to communicate in a way that controls the other person’s experience, instead of allowing them to have their own real reaction. ____2____ “For many, this pattern began in childhood,” says psychologist Carolyn Hextall. “Love may have felt conditional, and an unconscious decision was made that being pleasing, agreeable, or undemanding was the safest route to acceptance and connection.” ____3____ You might notice that you would rather validate others, stay quiet or soften your truth because you fear the consequence of voicing your own thoughts. Opposed to sugarcoating, saltcoating goes in the opposite direction. ____4____ But often, it crosses the line from being honest to being rude. People who use saltcoating often ignore others’ feelings, speaking their minds without any consideration, which easily leads to misunderstandings and conflicts. To avoid these, Carolyn suggests stopping using global, absolute statements such as “you always” or “you never”. ____5____ Instead, be specific in your feedback, and use “I” statements, which clearly communicate your experience without assigning any blame. For example, you might say: “When you said you’d meet me and then canceled, I felt upset and hurt.” This centers your emotional experience, and helps the other person understand the impact of their behavior. A. Yet in fact, the opposite is preferred. B. Often, sugarcoating is deeply rooted in people. C. It can be presented as being straight and direct. D. These tend to cause defensiveness very quickly. E. But a nice wrapper does not necessarily make a gift better. F. In adulthood, this early adaptation can continue to play out. G. These two approaches are two extremes that are better off avoided. 【答案】1. E 2. B 3. F 4. C 5. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了生活中两种极端的沟通方式 ——美化委婉的糖衣式表达与直白生硬的尖锐式表达，分析了糖衣式沟通的根源、弊端以及尖锐式沟通的问题，并给出了客观真诚、恰当表达的合理沟通建议。 【1题详解】 根据前文“There may be times when you may feel that enveloping your message in a generous coat of “nice” will make communication with others better.(有时候，你可能会觉得用大量客套温和的话语包装自己的想法，会让人际交往更加顺畅。)” 可知空前认为温和包装语言利于沟通；空后“Sugarcoating your words — whatever your reasons are — not only does not push meaningful relationships forward but may actually endanger otherwise healthy interactions.(粉饰委婉的言辞，无论出于何种缘由，不仅无法推动真挚的人际关系良性发展，反而还可能破坏原本健康正常的交往。)”指出过度美化话语反而不利于人际关系、甚至破坏正常交往；故推知：空处需要转折，表达华丽外表的包装并不能提升本质，选项E“But a nice wrapper does not necessarily make a gift better.(但是精美的包装并不一定会让礼物变得更好。)” 贴合上下文转折逻辑，衔接自然。 【2题详解】 根据后文“For many, this pattern began in childhood (对很多人来说，这种说话模式始于童年时期)” 可知下文开始追溯委婉美化式说话方式的起源；故推知：空处为本段总起句，引出糖衣式表达根深蒂固的特点，选项B“Often, sugarcoating is deeply rooted in people.(通常情况下，委婉粉饰的说话方式在人们心中根深蒂固。)” 统领本段内容。 【3题详解】 根据前文“Love may have felt conditional, and an unconscious decision was made that being pleasing, agreeable, or undemanding was the safest route to acceptance and connection.(人们曾觉得爱是有条件的，于是下意识认定：顺从讨好、不提要求，才是获得认可与维系关系最稳妥的方式。)” 可知前文讲述童年时期形成的处事思维；空后“You might notice that you would rather validate others, stay quiet or soften your truth because you fear the consequence of voicing your own thoughts.(你或许会发现，自己一味迎合他人、保持沉默或是委婉淡化真相，只因害怕说出内心真实想法后所要面对的后果。)”描写成年后的行为表现；故推知：空处衔接童年经历与成年后的行为延续，选项F“In adulthood, this early adaptation can continue to play out.(步入成年后，这种早年养成的处事习惯会持续显现。)” 符合语境。 【4题详解】 根据前文“Opposed to sugarcoating, saltcoating goes in the opposite direction.(与委婉粉饰的糖衣式表达相反，尖锐直白的沟通走向了另一个极端。)” 可知本段开始介绍另一种沟通方式；空后“But often, it crosses the line from being honest to being rude.(但很多时候，这会越过界限，从坦诚直白变成粗鲁无礼。)”说明这种方式容易失礼越界；故推知：空处应先解释尖锐式表达的外在特点，选项C“It can be presented as being straight and direct.(它通常表现为说话直白、不加修饰。)” 承接上文，引出下文弊端。 【5题详解】 根据前文“To avoid these, Carolyn suggests stopping using global, absolute statements such as “you always” or “you never”.(为避免这些问题，Carolyn建议不要再使用“你总是”、“你从不”这类笼统绝对的表述。)” 可知空前提及绝对化的错误用语；空后“Instead, be specific in your feedback, and use “I” statements, which clearly communicate your experience without assigning any blame.(相反，给出反馈时要具体，多用以“我”为主语的表达方式，既能清晰说出自身感受，又不会指责他人。)”提出改用具体表述与第一人称表达的正确做法；故推知：空处需说明绝对化用语的负面影响，选项D“These tend to cause defensiveness very quickly.(这类话语很容易瞬间引发对方的抵触心理。)” 逻辑通顺，前后呼应。 Passage 2 （2026·山东淄博·二模） In recent years, more people have begun to prioritize their emotional well-being over constant availability. The phrase “protect your peace” has become a guiding principle for those who feel exhausted by endless demands, unspoken duties, and relationships that take more than they give. 1 It is a response to burnout. People begin to withdraw not because they do not care, but because they have spent too long caring without limits. 2 Some conversations are difficult but necessary. The challenge lies in knowing when silence preserves your well-being and when it quietly costs you your sense of self. Boundaries are often misunderstood as rules imposed (强加) on others. 3 They reflect who you believe you are and what you believe you are allowed to need. Many people struggle with boundaries not because they lack communication skills, but because they have internalized the belief that their worth is tied to how much they give. 4 Healthy, loving relationships thrive on clarity and care. Silence can create distance, while thoughtful communication can strengthen trust. Explaining a boundary does not weaken it. When done with honesty and kindness, it helps others understand that your limits are not rejection, but preservation. Boundaries are not demands. They are signals. They show others what we value and what we will protect. Over time, this clarity reshapes relationships, making room for mutual respect. Protecting your peace is not a single decision but an ongoing practice. It requires reflection, communication, and the willingness to redefine strength. In choosing yourself with honesty and care, you do not lose connection. 5 A. This shift isn’t about selfishness. B. Instead, you create healthier ones. C. As a matter of fact, they are rooted in identity. D. Healthy relationships often require regular apology. E. Protecting your peace doesn’t remove the need for explanation. F. Yet protecting your peace doesn’t mean avoiding all discomfort. G. It means refusing to lose yourself in the process of deep reflection. 【答案】1. A 2. F 3. C 4. E 5. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了近年来人们开始重视情绪健康，将“保护内心的平静”作为应对疲惫和无尽需求的准则，并阐述了设定界限的重要性及其对健康关系的积极影响。 【1题详解】 根据上文““protect your peace” has become a guiding principle for those who feel exhausted by endless demands, unspoken duties, and relationships that take more than they give.(“保护你的平静”已经成为那些被无尽的需求、未说出口的责任以及付出多于收获的关系所疲惫的人的指导原则。)”和下文“It is a response to burnout.(这是对倦怠的一种回应。)”可知，空处是对“保护你的平静”这一原则的进一步解释，说明它不是一种自私的行为，而是对倦怠的回应。选项A“This shift isn’t about selfishness.(这种转变不是关于自私。)”符合语境。故选A。 【2题详解】 根据下文“Some conversations are difficult but necessary. The challenge lies in knowing when silence preserves your well-being and when it quietly costs you your sense of self.(有些对话很难，但却是必要的。挑战在于知道什么时候沉默能保护你的幸福，什么时候沉默会悄悄地让你失去自我意识。)”可知，空处与下文形成转折关系，说明保护内心的平静并不意味着要避免所有的不适，有些对话虽然困难但却是必要的。选项F“Yet protecting your peace doesn’t mean avoiding all discomfort.(然而，保护你的平静并不意味着避免所有的不适。)”符合语境。故选F。 【3题详解】 根据上文“Boundaries are often misunderstood as rules imposed on others.(界限常常被误解为强加给他人的规则。)”和下文“They reflect who you believe you are and what you believe you are allowed to need.(它们反映了你认为你是谁，以及你认为你可以需要什么。)”可知，空处应是对界限的进一步解释，说明界限不是强加给他人的规则，而是根植于个人的身份认同。选项C“As a matter of fact, they are rooted in identity.(事实上，它们根植于身份认同。)”符合语境。故选C。 【4题详解】 根据下文“Healthy, loving relationships thrive on clarity and care. Silence can create distance, while thoughtful communication can strengthen trust. Explaining a boundary does not weaken it. When done with honesty and kindness, it helps others understand that your limits are not rejection, but preservation.(健康、充满爱的关系需要清晰和关心。沉默会产生距离，而深思熟虑的交流可以加强信任。解释界限并不会削弱它。当以诚实和善良的方式去做时，它有助于他人理解你的界限不是拒绝，而是保护。)”可知，空处应是对下文内容的总结，说明保护内心的平静并不意味着不需要解释，而是需要清晰和关心的交流。选项E“Protecting your peace doesn’t remove the need for explanation.(保护你的平静并不意味着不需要解释。)”符合语境。故选E。 【5题详解】 根据上文“In choosing yourself with honesty and care, you do not lose connection.(在诚实和关心地选择自己时，你不会失去联系。)”可知，空处应是对上文的进一步解释，说明在保护自己的平静时，不仅不会失去联系，反而会建立更健康的关系。选项B“Instead, you create healthier ones.(相反，你会建立更健康的关系。)”符合语境。故选B。 Passage 3 （2026·山东日照·二模） Economists have a name for what you must give up while you wait. We call this your opportunity cost. For example, you are always queuing a long time for a concert ticket. ____1____ The advice you can find on the internet for beating the lines at the Sistine Chapel often involves going early, perhaps before the museum opens, to secure a spot toward the front of the line. ____2____ If I arrive an hour before tickets go on sale to be first in line, but the wait would be only forty minutes long if I arrived when the museum opened, I end up waiting longer, not less. Whether arriving early shortens my wait depends on when others choose to arrive, and if all tourists follow the same internet advice and arrive an hour early, the lines at opening may be the longest of the day. It is hard to predict when the wait will actually be the shortest. ____3____ Rather than going when you think the lines might be the shortest, you can go when your opportunity cost is the smallest-for example, when you have nothing (or little) better to do. ____4____ Sometimes, it increases the total amount of time you wait, though. By arriving before opening, you get your waiting out of the way when other activities are not yet open. Sure, you might give up an hour of sleep or the chance to have a leisurely breakfast. This is worthwhile if the planned activities hold greater value for you. ____5____ If you’re first in line at the museum, you can see the chapel and still enjoy a packed day visiting other sites in Rome. A. Only then is queuing up early a good choice. B. Sightseeing joy outweighs breakfast comfort easily. C. But the economist in me is not sure about this advice. D. This is why you are better off considering opportunity cost. E. Opportunity cost awareness improves personal satisfaction later. F. Thinking about opportunity cost can make arriving an hour early seem sensible. G. Your opportunity cost is the enjoyment, work, or wages you give up by waiting. 【答案】1.G 2. C 3. D 4. F 5. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了经济学中“机会成本”的概念，并通过排队等待的例子说明如何根据机会成本来做出更合理的决策，以最小化等待的总时间。 【1题详解】 根据上文“Economists have a name for what you must give up while you wait. We call this your opportunity cost. For example, you are always queuing a long time for a concert ticket.(经济学家对你在等待时必须放弃的东西有一个名称。我们称之为机会成本。例如，你总是要排很长时间的队才能买到音乐会门票。)”可知，前文先定义了机会成本，再用排队买票举例，空处需要具体解释这个例子里的机会成本是什么。G选项(你的机会成本就是你因等待而放弃的乐趣、工作或薪水)承接上文的例子，具体阐释机会成本的内涵，符合语境。故选G项。 【2题详解】 根据上文“The advice you can find on the internet for beating the lines at the Sistine Chapel often involves going early, perhaps before the museum opens, to secure a spot toward the front of the line.(网上关于如何在西斯廷教堂避免排长队的建议通常是早点去，或许在博物馆开门前就去，以确保排在队伍前面。)”以及下文“If I arrive an hour before tickets go on sale to be first in line, but the wait would be only forty minutes long if I arrived when the museum opened, I end up waiting longer, not less.(如果我在售票前一小时到达以排在第一位，但如果我在博物馆开门时到达，只需要等四十分钟，那我最终等待的时间反而更长了。)”可知，空处需要表达对网上这条建议的质疑。C选项(但我骨子里的经济学家思维让我对这条建议存疑)承接上文的建议，引出下文对该建议不合理性的分析，符合语境。故选C项。 【3题详解】 根据上文“It is hard to predict when the wait will actually be the shortest.(很难预测什么时候排队的时间真的最短。)”以及下文“Rather than going when you think the lines might be the shortest, you can go when your opportunity cost is the smallest-for example, when you have nothing (or little) better to do.(与其在你认为队伍最短的时候去，不如在你的机会成本最小的时候去，例如，当你没有（或很少有）更好的事情要做的时候。)”可知，空处需要引出“考虑机会成本”这个解决办法。D选项(这就是为什么你最好考虑机会成本)承接上文“难以预测排队最短时间”的问题，引出下文的解决策略，符合语境。故选D项。 【4题详解】 根据下文“Sometimes, it increases the total amount of time you wait, though.(不过，有时这会增加你等待的总时长。)”可知，空处内容与下文构成转折关系，应该先说明考虑机会成本的好处。F选项(考虑机会成本会让提前一小时到达的做法显得合理)先肯定考虑机会成本的积极作用，再用下文的“though”转折，指出其可能存在的问题，符合语境。故选F项。 【5题详解】 根据上文“This is worthwhile if the planned activities hold greater value for you.(如果计划的活动对你来说有更大的价值，那么这就是值得的。)”以及下文“If you’re first in line at the museum, you can see the chapel and still enjoy a packed day visiting other sites in Rome.(如果你排在博物馆的第一位，你就能参观教堂，还能在罗马充实游览其他景点。)”可知，空处需要表达“提前排队是好选择”的结论。A选项(只有在这种情况下，提前排队才是个好选择)承接上文“活动有更大价值就值得”的观点，引出下文的具体例子，符合语境。故选A项。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （2026·山东潍坊·二模） At the age of 35, Professor Setiya found himself at a crossroads. He had everything he thought he wanted: a distinguished position as an MIT professor, a loving family, and financial security. ____1____ As he looked at the life he had carefully constructed, the long, predictable road ahead stretched out before him like a straight line — a never-ending series of achievements leading ultimately to retirement, decline, and death. This prospect left him feeling anxious and unfulfilled. ____2____ He stopped running, and instead immersed himself in things that have no end point or completion: aimless walks, open conversations with friends, self-knowledge for interest (not achievements), and raising his children not as a “project to produce a successful human”, but as an enjoyable process. ____3____ Setiya’s story is a vivid example of how stepping away from unending pursuits can lift one out of a low point. When you are dealing with tough times, especially at midlife and against a backdrop of world instability, there emerges a powerful opportunity for deep positive change. ____4____ It can help people during this period to live in the moment and appreciate what’s happening right now, rather than getting caught up in worries about the future or past. The journey leads to a process called individuation. ____5____ Instead, life begins adding a qualitative dimension to the quantitative one. You start to find new sources of strength and renewal in unexplored places, and your past experiences become the foundation upon which you build your next steps, allowing you to grow and rise again in the second half of life. A. He found a way out. B. He set much clearer goals. C. Trying harder only makes matters worse. D. Yet he couldn’t shake off an empty feeling. E. Achieving more no longer holds the answer. F. The combination of all that brought him relief. G. By being more present, you can feel more grounded and satisfied. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. F 4. G 5. E 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要讲述了麻省理工学院教授塞蒂亚虽拥有理想生活却深感空虚，他通过享受无终点的过程走出低谷，揭示人生应从追求成就转向追求质量的真谛。 【1题详解】 前文“He had everything he thought he wanted: a distinguished position as an MIT professor, a loving family, and financial security. (他拥有了自己认为想要的一切：在麻省理工学院担任教授的显赫职位、一个温馨的家庭以及经济上的保障。)”列举了塞蒂亚教授拥有的一切（名校职位、美满家庭、经济保障），后文“This prospect left him feeling anxious and unfulfilled. (这种前景让他感到焦虑和未得到满足。)”却描述他“感到焦虑和不满足”。D选项“Yet he couldn’t shake off an empty feeling. (但那种空虚感仍挥之不去。)”中的Yet形成强烈转折，精准衔接“物质成功”与“精神空虚”的矛盾，自然引出下文他对人生前景的迷茫。 【2题详解】 第一段结尾是“As he looked at the life he had carefully constructed, the long, predictable road ahead stretched out before him like a straight line — a never-ending series of achievements leading ultimately to retirement, decline, and death. (当他审视自己精心构建的生活时，那条漫长而规律的未来之路在他面前像一条直线般延伸着——一条永无止境的成就之路，最终通向退休、衰退和死亡。)”塞蒂亚陷入人生低谷，第二段开头“He stopped running, and instead immersed himself in things that have no end point or completion 于是他停止了奔波，转而投身于那些没有终点、没有完成之日的事情中。)”则描述他开始改变生活方式，停止追逐无尽的成就。A选项“He found a way out. (他找到了出路。)”作为过渡句，清晰地表明他从困境中找到了突破口，完美承接上文的“问题”与下文的“解决方案”。 【3题详解】 前文“aimless walks, open conversations with friends, self-knowledge for interest (not achievements), and raising his children not as a “project to produce a successful human”, but as an enjoyable process. (漫无目的地散步、与朋友的坦诚交流、为了兴趣而非成就而自我认知，以及以一种享受的过程而非“培养出一个成功的人才”的方式来养育孩子。)”详细列举了 塞蒂亚采取的一系列新的生活方式（漫无目的散步、开放式交谈、享受育儿过程等）。F选项“The combination of all that brought him relief. (所有这些因素的结合让他感到轻松。)”中的all that精准指代前文的所有行为，总结了这些改变给他带来的积极结果，收束本段内容。 【4题详解】 前文“When you are dealing with tough times, especially at midlife and against a backdrop of world instability, there emerges a powerful opportunity for deep positive change. (你面临艰难时期，尤其是在中年时期，且处于世界不稳定的大背景下时，就会出现一个强大的机会来实现深刻的积极转变。)”指出人生低谷期是深度改变的契机，后文“It can help people during this period to live in the moment and appreciate what’s happening right now, rather than getting caught up in worries about the future or past. (它能帮助人们在这一时期专注于当下，欣赏眼前正在发生的事情，而不是陷入对未来或过去的担忧之中。)”进一步解释这种改变的核心是“活在当下”。G选项“By being more present, you can feel more grounded and satisfied. (通过更加专注于当下，你就能感觉更加踏实和满足。)”中的being more present与后文的live in the moment形成同义呼应，阐明了活在当下带来的具体益处，逻辑连贯。 【5题详解】 前文“The journey leads to a process called individuation. (这段旅程会带来一个被称为“个体化”的过程。)”提到“个体化”过程，后文用Instead转折，指出生活开始从“追求数量”转向“追求质量”。E选项“Achieving more no longer holds the answer. (得到更多成就已不再能解决问题。)”直接否定了“不断追求成就”的传统人生模式，与后文的Instead形成完美的反义并列，准确概括了个体化过程的核心转变。 Passage 2 （2026·山东东营·二模） For many constantly connected to digital devices, a complete tech break sounds increasingly appealing. In the hit show The White Lotus, guests at a high-end hotel are asked to hand in their phones for a full digital “detox”. Off screen, the tech-free reset idea has gained huge popularity, from weekend getaways to apps claiming to help you quit other apps. ____1____ Before answering that question, we must define what a digital detox really means. It is not just full abandonment of all digital tech, but partial avoidance of overused features, like quitting a problematic social app or silencing endless notifications (通知). More and more people try detoxes to reclaim attention control and build healthier digital habits. ____2____ While positive online reviews sound persuasive, they are often one-sided. Only well-controlled experimental studies offer reliable answers. The findings, however, tell a more complex story, contrary to popular belief. ____3____ Instead, the most reliable effects come from partial, lasting changes over at least two weeks, like limiting daily phone use, rather than total avoidance. Then how does digital detox work to improve wellbeing? Our “non-smart phone study” offers clear explanations. ____4____ At its core, it cut overall digital media consumption, which in turn freed up daily time for meaningful offline activities. Most critically, this reduced constant distractions, helping people stay fully present in daily life. ____5____ Identify harmful content, replace screen time with joyful offline activities, and reduce phone distractions in social settings. This ensures long-term effectiveness. In our digital world, it is more than a trend — it’s a practical way to protect your attention and well-being. A. What is digital detox? B. Does digital detox actually work? C. Still, popularity doesn’t prove effectiveness. D. To maximize detox benefits, start with practical steps. E. Improvements come from psychological and behavioral shifts. F. We found the improvement originates from interconnected changes. G. No solid evidence proves total, short detoxes bring long-term benefits. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. G 4. F 5. D 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了数字排毒日渐流行，本文阐释其真正内涵，指出短期彻底断网收效甚微，长期适度管控电子设备更有效，并说明了其改善身心的原理，还给出了切实可行的实施建议。 【1题详解】 上文“For many constantly connected to digital devices, a complete tech break sounds increasingly appealing. In the hit show The White Lotus, guests at a high-end hotel are asked to hand in their phones for a full digital “detox”. Off screen, the tech-free reset idea has gained huge popularity, from weekend getaways to apps claiming to help you quit other apps.( 对于那些总是依赖数字设备的人来说，彻底远离科技产品听起来愈发具有吸引力。在热门剧集《白莲花》中，一家高档酒店的客人被要求上交手机，进行一次全面的“数字排毒”。在荧幕之外，这种远离科技的重新调整理念已广受追捧，从周末度假到声称能帮助你戒除其他应用的应用程序都有体现。)”介绍数字排毒（digital detox）的流行现象，第二段开头明确提到“Before answering that question(在回答那个问题之前)”，说明空格处必须是一个核心问题，引出全文的讨论重点。全文后续内容都围绕“数字排毒是否有效”“如何有效”展开，而非单纯定义数字排毒。B选项“Does digital detox actually work?( 数字戒断真的有效果吗？)”作为核心问题，完美衔接下文“先定义、再验证有效性”的写作逻辑。 【2题详解】 前文“More and more people try detoxes to reclaim attention control and build healthier digital habits.( 越来越多的人尝试这种排毒方式，以重新掌控注意力并建立更健康的数字习惯。)”提到“越来越多人尝试数字排毒”（体现其流行度），后文“While positive online reviews sound persuasive, they are often one-sided. Only well-controlled experimental studies offer reliable answers.( 虽然正面的网络评价听起来很有说服力，但往往只是一方之见。只有经过严格控制的实验性研究才能提供可靠的答案。)”转折指出“正面评论片面，只有实验研究能提供可靠答案”。C选项“Still, popularity doesn’t prove effectiveness.( 但流行度并不能证明其有效性。)”起到了关键的过渡作用，将“流行”与“有效性”两个概念区分开，自然引出下文对数字排毒实际效果的科学验证。 【3题详解】 本段开头“The findings, however, tell a more complex story, contrary to popular belief.( 然而，研究结果却讲述了一个更为复杂的故事，与普遍看法相反。)”指出“研究结果与普遍看法相反”，后文用“Instead”（相反）引出正确结论：“最可靠的效果来自至少两周的部分、持久的改变”。“Instead”表明空格处的内容必须与后文形成强烈对比。G选项“No solid evidence proves total, short detoxes bring long-term benefits.( 目前尚无确凿证据表明完全的短期戒断能带来长期益处。)”指出“完全、短期的排毒没有长期好处”，正好与后文“部分、长期的改变有效”构成反义并列，逻辑严密。 【4题详解】 前文“Then how does digital detox work to improve wellbeing? Our “non-smart phone study” offers clear explanations.( 那么，数字戒断是如何改善人们的生活质量的呢？我们的“非智能手机研究”给出了明确的解释。)”提出“数字排毒如何改善幸福感”的问题，并提到 “非智能手机研究提供了清晰解释”；后文“At its core, it cut overall digital media consumption, which in turn freed up daily time for meaningful offline activities. Most critically, this reduced constant distractions, helping people stay fully present in daily life.( 从根本上说，它减少了整体的数字媒体使用量，从而腾出了每天用于有意义的线下活动的时间。最重要的是，这减少了持续不断的干扰，帮助人们在日常生活中保持完全的专注。)”具体列举了两个核心变化：“减少数字媒体消费”和“减少持续干扰”。F选项“We found the improvement originates from interconnected changes.( 我们发现这种改善源自相互关联的变化。)”作为本段的总起句，明确指出“改善源于相互关联的变化”，后文则对这些“相互关联的变化”进行了具体阐述，形成了“总 - 分”结构。 【5题详解】 空后“Identify harmful content, replace screen time with joyful offline activities, and reduce phone distractions in social settings.( 识别有害内容，用愉快的线下活动取代屏幕时间，减少在社交场合中的手机干扰。)”连续列出了三个具体的行动建议：“识别有害内容”“用线下活动取代屏幕时间”“减少社交场合的手机干扰”。D选项“To maximize detox benefits, start with practical steps.( 要最大限度地发挥戒断效果，应从实际步骤开始。)”作为本段的主旨句，直接点明“要最大化排毒效果，需从实际步骤入手”，完美引出后文的具体操作指南，结构清晰。 Passage 3 （2026·山东济南·二模） Why struggle with an essay when AI can generate one on your behalf in seconds? Why personally respond to an email when AI can instantly produce automatic replies filled with all the typical greetings and talking-points? ____1____ Nevertheless, the ease is not necessarily a good thing. Writing still can’t be replaced even in the AI-driven era. Writing serves as a fundamental cognitive (认知的) exercise through which we realize what we truly understand, acknowledge the limits of our knowledge, and develop structured reasoning. More crucially, it is precisely by the very act of writing that we individuals ultimately make new sense of the world around us and arrive at a deeper understanding of who we are. ____2____ Paul Graham, a well-known computer scientist, once observed, “Good writers do not simply think and then record thoughts casually. ____3____” Writing helps us generate ideas we have never had before. Another critical but often overlooked function of writing is the compression (凝练) of ideas. ____4____ When done poorly, this process loses precious insights. When done well, it generates the insights and removes the unnecessary parts. Compression requires thinking, which is one reason why writing is so difficult. AI can write for us, but it won’t help us learn to think or understand a problem with deep fluency. And we need deep fluency to solve hard problems. A world of common thinking available on demand will encourage people to outsource their thinking and reward people who don’t. ____5____ Original thinking will only become more valuable in the future. A. It bridges the gap between ideas. B. Many people depend heavily on AI. C. AI has made writing surprisingly effortless. D. They always uncover insights in the act of writing. E. Those who can think and write independently will stand out. F. This journey of self-discovery is in essence a vital form of learning. G. Writing requires us to keep to a point and organize our ideas logically. 【答案】1. C 2. F 3. D 4. G 5. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了AI在写作方面的便捷性及其局限性，指出写作对于认知发展、思想生成和观点凝练具有不可替代的作用，并强调独立思考与写作能力在未来将更具价值。 【1题详解】 上文“Why struggle with an essay when AI can generate one on your behalf in seconds? Why personally respond to an email when AI can instantly produce automatic replies filled with all the typical greetings and talking-points? (当AI能在几秒钟内为你生成一篇文章时，为什么还要费力去写？当AI能立即生成充满典型问候和话题点的自动回复时，为什么还要亲自回复邮件？)”以反问句的形式突出了AI写作的高效便捷，C选项“AI has made writing surprisingly effortless. (AI已经让写作变得惊人地轻松)”承接上文，是对上文反问句所体现观点的总结——AI让写作变得毫不费力；下文“Nevertheless, the ease is not necessarily a good thing. (然而，这种便捷未必是件好事)”与上文构成转折，指出便捷背后的问题，其中“the ease”与C选项中的“effortless”相呼应，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 【2题详解】 上文“Writing serves as a fundamental cognitive (认知的) exercise through which we realize what we truly understand, acknowledge the limits of our knowledge, and develop structured reasoning. More crucially, it is precisely by the very act of writing that we individuals ultimately make new sense of the world around us and arrive at a deeper understanding of who we are.  (写作是一项基础的认知练习，通过它我们能够认清自己真正理解了什么，承认自身知识的局限，并发展出结构化的推理能力。更重要的是，正是通过写作这一行为，我们每个人最终才能重新理解周围的世界，并更深刻地认识自己)”详细阐述了写作对自我认知和世界理解的重要作用，F选项“This journey of self-discovery is in essence a vital form of learning. (这种自我发现之旅本质上是一种至关重要的学习形式)”承接上文，对前文描述的写作过程进行总结和定性，点明这种通过写作实现自我探索的过程就是学习的核心形式。故选F项。 【3题详解】 上文“Paul Graham, a well-known computer scientist, once observed, “Good writers do not simply think and then record thoughts casually. (保罗·格雷厄姆曾说过：“优秀的作家不是简单地思考，然后随意地记录下来)”引用了计算机科学家对写作本质的观察，指出好作家的写作并非简单的记录，D选项“They always uncover insights in the act of writing. (他们总是在写作的过程中发现洞见)”承接上文，进一步解释好作家在写作时的真实状态——通过写作本身来获得新的认识和见解，与上文中“not simply think and then record”形成对比，揭示了写作作为发现过程的功能，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 【4题详解】 上文“Another critical but often overlooked function of writing is the compression (凝练) of ideas. (写作另一个关键但常被忽视的功能是观点的凝练)”提出了写作的“凝练”功能，G选项“Writing requires us to keep to a point and organize our ideas logically. (写作要求我们紧扣要点并逻辑清晰地组织观点)”承接上文，具体解释了“凝练”这一功能在实际写作中是如何实现的——通过聚焦核心和逻辑组织；下文“When done poorly, this process loses precious insights. When done well, it generates the insights and removes the unnecessary parts. (如果做得不好，这个过程就会丢失宝贵的洞见；如果做得好，它就能产生洞见并去除不必要的部分)”中的“this process”指代G选项中“keep to a point and organize our ideas logically”这一过程，上下文逻辑一致。故选G项。 【5题详解】 上文“A world of common thinking available on demand will encourage people to outsource their thinking and reward people who don’t. (一个按需提供通用思维的世界会鼓励人们外包自己的思考，同时也会奖励那些不这样做的人)”指出AI时代思考能力的两极分化趋势——多数人外包思考，少数独立思考者获得回报，E选项“Those who can think and write independently will stand out. (那些能够独立思考和写作的人将会脱颖而出)”承接上文，明确指出能够脱颖而出的是哪些人——独立思考和写作者，与上文中“reward people who don’t (外包思考的人)”相呼应；下文“Original thinking will only become more valuable in the future. (原创性思维在未来只会变得更有价值)”进一步说明这种能力的未来价值，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 Passage 4 （2026·山东临沂·二模） Though positivity isn’t what everyone is born with, we can grow more positive with practice. Here are practical ways to help you do so. Learn to reframe negative experiences. One of the mistakes people make is trying to avoid or ignore negative experiences. ____1____. However, trying to avoid or ignore these experiences actually damages your ability to deal with them. Instead, consider how you can reframe these experiences. Try to learn from them or view them differently. ____2____. Your body and your mind are connected. If you’re struggling to feel positive, it could be because your body is working against you. Social psychologist Amy Cuddy has shown that your posture can affect the levels of stress hormones in your body. Try standing up straight. Hold your shoulders back and your chest forward. Hold your gaze in front of you. ____3____. Show compassion to others. Compassion is doing something kind for someone else, especially if that person is less fortunate than you are. It can really boost your positivity. ____4____, whether it’s on an individual level or in your community, and practice showing compassion. Not only is it good for others, it’s even good for your health! See a therapist (治疗师). A common misperception is that people only need to see a therapist when there’s something wrong. ____5____. Similarly, seeing a therapist can also be a helpful preventive technique. And if you want to learn how to think and behave more positively, a therapist can help you identify unhelpful patterns in your thinking and develop new positive strategies. A. Use your body B. Do exercise to keep physically fit C. Learn from positive people around you D. Think of ways that you can serve others E. This makes sense, on some level, because they’re painful F. These “power poses” can help you feel more confident and optimistic G. Actually, you go to the doctor for annual checkups even if you’re not sick 【答案】1. E 2.A 3. F 4. D 5. G 【解析】 【导语】本文提供了几种通过练习来培养积极心态的实用方法：重新解读负面经历、利用身体姿态、对他人心怀同情以及寻求专业治疗师的帮助。 【1题详解】 上文“One of the mistakes people make is trying to avoid or ignore negative experiences. (人们犯的错误之一就是试图避免或忽视负面经历)”指出了人们对待负面经历的常见错误方式。E选项“This makes sense, on some level, because they’re painful (这在某种程度上说得通，因为它们很痛苦)”承接上文，解释了人们为何会犯这种错误(因为负面经历是痛苦的，所以想逃避是人之常情)。这为下文“However, trying to avoid... actually damages...”的转折提供了铺垫，先承认其合理性，再指出其危害，使论述更全面、有说服力。故选E项。 【2题详解】 下文“Your body and your mind are connected. If you’re struggling to feel positive, it could be because your body is working against you. Social psychologist Amy Cuddy has shown that your posture can affect the levels of stress hormones in your body. Try standing up straight. Hold your shoulders back and your chest forward. Hold your gaze in front of you. (你的身体和心灵是相连的。如果你难以感到积极，可能是因为你的身体在拖你的后腿。社会心理学家艾米·卡迪的研究表明，你的姿势会影响体内压力荷尔蒙的水平。试着站直。肩膀向后，胸部向前。目光直视前方)”详细阐述了身体姿态(如站姿、肩膀、胸部、目光)如何影响心理状态和压力水平。A选项“Use your body (利用你的身体)”位于段首，作为小标题，准确概括了下文的核心内容——通过有意识地调整身体姿态来促进积极心态。故选A项。 【3题详解】 上文“Try standing up straight. Hold your shoulders back and your chest forward. Hold your gaze in front of you. (试着站直。肩膀向后，胸部向前。目光直视前方)”列举了具体的身体姿势调整方法。F选项“These “power poses” can help you feel more confident and optimistic (这些“能量姿势”可以帮助你感到更自信和乐观)”顺承上文，通过“These “power poses””指代上文描述的具体姿态，并总结了这些姿态带来的积极心理效果(增强自信和乐观)，是对本段建议的最终落脚点。故选F项。 【4题详解】 上文“Compassion is doing something kind for someone else, especially if that person is less fortunate than you are. It can really boost your positivity. (同情心是为他人做一些友善的事，尤其是当那个人比你不幸时。它真的能提升你的积极性)”定义了同情心并说明了其益处。D选项“Think of ways that you can serve others (思考你可以服务他人的方式)”顺承上文，给出了将同情心付诸实践的具体建议，即思考如何“serve others (服务他人)”。下文“whether it’s on an individual level or in your community, and practice showing compassion. (无论是在个人层面还是在你的社区中，并练习展现同情心)”则是在D选项基础上的进一步说明(服务的范围和练习)。故选D项。 【5题详解】 上文“A common misperception is that people only need to see a therapist when there’s something wrong. (一个常见的误解是，人们只有在出了问题的时候才需要去看治疗师)”指出了一个关于看治疗师的普遍误解。G选项“Actually, you go to the doctor for annual checkups even if you’re not sick (事实上，即使你没有生病，你也会每年去看医生做体检)”通过类比(看医生做体检)，有力地反驳了上述误解，说明了寻求专业帮助也可以是预防性的、维护整体健康的正常行为。这与下文“seeing a therapist can also be a helpful preventive technique (看治疗师也可以是一种有用的预防技巧)”的观点完全一致，并为该观点提供了生动的例证。故选G项。 Passage 5 （2026·山东威海·二模） The Benefits of Power Naps Winston Churchill swore by them. After polishing off a boozy lunch and a cigar the former British prime minister would climb into bed for an afternoon nap. The last part of his regime may be worth imitating. ____1____A randomised controlled trial in 2023 found that nappers woke up with improvements to mood, alertness and memory. Napping habitually might also be wise. A study from 2007 found that healthy adults who took regular naps had a 37% lower risk of dying from heart disease. ____2____Sleep scientists tend to agree that a short “power” nap, somewhere between ten and 30 minutes, is best. For example, in 1994 NASA found that a 26-minute power nap enhanced pilots’ performance. Sleep for too long and you enter deeper sleep phases and wake up feeling groggy. ____3____A meta-analysis in 2016 concluded that daily naps lasting more than an hour increased the risk of developing diabetes. Some sleep experts contend that humans are biologically disposed to nap. They point to a natural dip in alertness after midday. ____4____ In cultures where this is common, however, nappers must still rest at night for the recommended seven hours. Coffee is a popular antidote to midday drowsiness. ____5____A study published in 2008 found power naps to be more effective than caffeine at improving alertness and memory. “The rest in the middle of the day”, Churchill wrote, “refresh the human frame far more than a long night.” Modern sleep experts might not go so far. But if you have time for a catnap, it could do you some good. Just remember to set an alarm. A. However, the duration of your nap is critical. B. This natural dip in alertness makes a brief daytime sleep appealing. C. Sleeping during the day is not just for shift workers and cats. D. Moreover, studies show such short naps do not harm nighttime sleep quality. E. Therefore, office workers should be encouraged to take naps during lunch breaks. F. Taking longer naps on a regular basis could even have negative health effects. G. But research suggests a short nap might be a more effective solution. 【答案】1.C 2. A 3. F 4. B 5. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了午间小睡的益处，包括改善情绪、警觉性、记忆力和心血管健康，并强调了时长的关键性（10-30分钟为佳）。同时，文章从生理节律角度解释了人类适合小睡的原因，并将其与喝咖啡提神的效果进行对比，最终指出短暂的小睡是更有效的休息方式。 【1题详解】 根据上文“Winston Churchill... The last part of his regime may be worth imitating.（温斯顿·丘吉尔……他这一习惯的最后部分或许值得效仿。）”以及下文“A randomised controlled trial in 2023 found that...（2023年的一项随机对照试验发现……）”可知，上文以名人例子引出话题，下文开始列举科学研究的普遍性证据。因此，此处需要一个承上启下的主题句，将话题从个例转向普遍的科学论述。C选项“Sleeping during the day is not just for shift workers and cats.（日间小睡并非仅属于轮班工人和猫咪。）”打破了人们对午睡的刻板印象，为下文阐述“人人皆可受益”及一系列科学研究做铺垫，逻辑连贯。故选C项。 【2题详解】 根据上文第二段主要阐述小睡的诸多益处，以及下文“Sleep scientists tend to agree that a short ‘power’ nap, somewhere between ten and 30 minutes, is best.（睡眠科学家倾向于认为，一次10到30分钟的短暂‘高效’小睡是最佳的。）”可知，下文开始讨论小睡的“具体时长”问题。因此，此处需要一个表示转折的句子，引出享受前述益处的前提条件或重要限制。A选项“However, the duration of your nap is critical.（然而，你小睡的时长至关重要。）”中的“However”完美承接转折关系，“duration（时长）”一词精准预判了下文的核心讨论内容。故选A项。 【3题详解】 根据上文“Sleep for too long and you enter deeper sleep phases and wake up feeling groggy.（睡得太久，你会进入更深睡眠阶段，醒来时感到昏昏沉沉。）”以及下文“A meta-analysis in 2016 concluded that daily naps lasting more than an hour increased the risk of developing diabetes.（2016年的一项荟萃分析得出结论，每天持续一小时以上的小睡会增加患糖尿病的风险。）”可知，上文描述睡太久的即时感受，下文引用研究说明其长期健康风险。因此，此处需要一个概括性观点句，既总结“长睡”的不良影响，又引出后文的科学例证。F选项“Taking longer naps on a regular basis could even have negative health effects.（经常进行较长时间的小睡甚至可能对健康产生负面影响。）”恰好扮演了这个角色，使段落内部形成“观点→现象→研究证据”的完整逻辑链。故选F项。 【4题详解】 根据上文“Some sleep experts contend that humans are biologically disposed to nap. They point to a natural dip in alertness after midday.（一些睡眠专家认为，人类在生理上就适合小睡。他们指出，午后警觉性会自然下降。）”可知，前文提出了“生理适合”的观点及理由（警觉性自然下降）。因此，此处需要一个对前文理由进行解释或推论的句子，说明这个生理现象意味着什么。B选项“This natural dip in alertness makes a brief daytime sleep appealing.（这种警觉性的自然下降使得短暂的日间小睡颇具吸引力。）”中，“This natural dip”完美指代前文，“makes...appealing”则解释了为什么“生理适合”会自然地导向“行为倾向”，逻辑紧密，为后文“但夜间仍需充足睡眠”的转折做好了铺垫。故选B项。 【5题详解】 根据上文“Coffee is a popular antidote to midday drowsiness.（咖啡是应对午后困倦的流行解药。）”以及下文“A study published in 2008 found power naps to be more effective than caffeine at improving alertness and memory.（2008年发表的一项研究发现，在提高警觉性和记忆力方面，高效小睡比咖啡因更有效。）”可知，上文提出一种解困方法（咖啡），下文用研究证明另一种方法（小睡）更优。因此，此处需要一个表示对比或转折的句子，将讨论焦点从“咖啡”引向“小睡”，并暗示后者的优势。G选项“But research suggests a short nap might be a more effective solution.（但研究表明，短暂的小睡或许是更有效的解决方法。）”中的“But”表示对比，“a short nap”对应下文的“power naps”，“more effective solution”则直接引出了下文的研究结论，衔接流畅自然。故选G项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（七选五） 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （2026·山东东营·二模） Micro-connections: The Small Interactions That Matter Many of us, especially introverts, avoid small talk with strangers in daily life. However, brief and kind interactions with strangers and acquaintances, known as micro-connections, carry great value. ____1____ Micro-connections refer to short, shared moments, such as greeting passers-by, chatting with baristas (咖啡吧服务员), thanking servers, or complimenting others. Despite being tiny, these moments are far more meaningful than people think. Today, society is highly connected digitally but faces rising loneliness and division. People increasingly stay indoors and complete tasks online, reducing chances of communicating with strangers. ____2____ Why are micro-connections valuable? They effectively fight loneliness: studies show over 40% of U.S. adults feel lonely, and micro-connections help ease this. Such interactions lift one’s mood by increasing feel-good hormones and reducing stress. ____3____ Besides, micro-connections strengthen our sense of belonging and safety. They allow people to share deeper thoughts with less emotional risk. Strangers often provide new information, exposing us to different views and broadening our horizons. Moreover, they increase trust and strengthen the whole community. ____4____ We don’t need to be outgoing to practice micro-connections — introverts can also benefit. First, put ourselves in social situations where we might meet others. ____5____ Then, when we are comfortable, use the QUICK method: ask questions, find common ground, and show kindness. Repeated practice helps us become comfortable again. In short, these small interactions can improve mental health, reduce loneliness and build a warmer society. A. What exactly are micro-connections? B. How do micro-connections affect our mental well-being? C. Therefore, micro-connections are particularly important. D. Start small with simple gestures like smiles or greetings. E. How can we make the most of micro-connections in daily life? F. They also improve others’ mood, creating a two-way positive effect. G. Meanwhile, distrust grows, and people rarely interact with those who are different. Passage 2 （2026·山东泰安·二模） For many kids, setting a big goal and achieving it can feel like climbing a slippery hill. ____1____ Teaching children to create goals that are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound builds a can-do attitude and helps them face obstacles in life. SMART goals deconstruct larger goals into smaller, actionable steps. They remove guesswork and make goals easier to track. ____2____ For example, an unclear goal like “do better at math” can be reframed as “practice multiplication tables for 10 minutes after dinner every day”. When you set SMART goals with kids, the key is to keep them collaborative and simple. ____3____ They can make kids feel overwhelmed, so it’s better to focus on one simple goal at a time until it becomes a habit. It’s also important to avoid common mistakes. ____4____ Praising only the results instead of the effort will make kids discouraged when they face setbacks. What’s more, don’t set goals for your kids — let them take ownership of their own goals. Setting the goal is just the first step; sticking to it is more important. ____5____ Regular check-ins, celebrating small progress and adjusting goals when needed can all help kids stay on track with their SMART goals. In the end, SMART goals are not just about achieving something, but about building life skills like time management and self-discipline for kids. A. Goals should be specific and detailed. B. One of them is paying no attention to process. C. Children should be encouraged to set their own goals. D. First, avoid making goals too big or setting too many of them. E. There are several tips to help kids stick to their SMART goals. F. You need to prepare a lot of professional tools to track the goals. G. But SMART goals can give them the tools to conquer it with confidence. Passage 3 （2026·山东滕州·二模） We love our pets. In fact, for most people they are more than me re pets and become more like family members. It is likely then that their owners, at some point, are going to want photographs of their furry friends. However, pet photography presents its own special problems. ____1____ If you’re thinking of trying pet photography, here are a few pointers to get you started. Find out about your subject’s personality and habits. Where does it nod off if the sun is out? What is its favourite toy? ____2____ It’s also worth spending a little time getting to know the animal yourself. Cats, dogs, horses, they all have personality, and you need to ensure they are comfortable being around you, and you around them. ____3____ If the pet is comfortable with you, and if it isn’t too nervous, fill the frame with the pet’s face. Get the eyes nice and sharp. Just like humans, this is a natural point of focus, although focusing on the nose or mouth of a dog or cat can also make for an interesting image in its own right. See the world from pets’ perspective. If you photograph a pet while you’re standing up, all you’re going to see is the top of their head and their backs, not what you want for a portrait. Get down to their eye level. Try pre-focusing your camera and just holding it at ground level so you can look up at the pet. ____4____. Bring a flash with the owner’s permission. While greeting or playing with a new pet, fire a couple of test flashes away from them to see their reaction. In daylight particularly, they never seem to mind the flash at all. ____5____. A. Think about getting in close to your subject. B. It’s worth a try just for a new angle on things. C. Animals can be unpredictable, lazy, aggressive and excitable. D. A good photograph focuses on the subject and not the background. E. If they do mind, then stick with natural light and use a white reflector. F. The more you shoot, the greater your chances of hitting that perfect shot! G. Take time to chat with the owner and observe your subject to gain some insight. Passage 4 （2026·山东青岛·二模） When Becca’s parents informed her that the family would be hiking to Big Bend National Park in West Texas for spring break, Becca was not excited, because the only things she knew about it were some things her friend Shayla had told her that the cell phone signal was not very good, and that there was very little to do. ____1____. Becca threw her bag into the car, rolling her eyes, and asked how long it was going to take to get to the infamous park. “It’s about a five-hour drive,” her mom replied. ____2____. “Is the scenery at least good along the way?” she complained extremely unhappily. ____3____. She rested her head against a pillow and immediately fell asleep. After hours of tossing (翻转) and turning in the uncomfortable back seat. Becca was awakened by her mother’s excited announcement: “We’re here!” Looking wide-eyed into the canyon (峡谷), Becca suddenly spotted a large animal. “Dad, look!” she shouted. After a while, Becca thought about the opinions her friend Shayla had shared with her. “See, a mountain lion! Amazing!” The three of them stared at it in open-mouthed astonishment. ____4____. “Uh, Mom, Dad,” Becca finally said as the lion slid into some tall bushes. “I didn’t know Big Bend is so beautiful or that mountain lions live here. I can hardly believe what I am seeing!” “Yeah, honey. That’s the wonder of nature — you’re always discovering something new!” her mom exclaimed in excitement. “That true. Becca. Just keep our minds open to things. ____5____!” her dad added. A. We’ll definitely find miracles in nature B. Hearing that, her mood soured even more C. Becca was surprised by the breathtaking sight D. Shayla went back to her room to sleep in silence E. You should work with, not against, Mother Nature F. Becca jumped unwillingly into the back seat without a word G. So, she questioned her parents’ decision from the bottom of her heart 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （2026·山东德州·二模） In the fast-paced world of 2026, many people find themselves feeling stressed, tired, or disconnected from their own well-being. The good news is that small, science-backed changes to your daily routine can make a big difference in how you feel. ____1____ These simple daily practices don’t require much time or money, but they can help boost your mood and improve your overall quality of life. One of the most effective ways to feel better is to prioritize daily movement. It’s not about doing intense workouts, but about staying active in a way that works for you. ____2____ Simply walking, stretching, or dancing to your favorite music can release endorphins (内啡肽), which help reduce stress and lift your mood. ____3____ The key practice is getting enough quality sleep. Many people underestimate the importance of sleep, but it’s essential for both physical and mental health. Avoiding screens an hour before bed and creating a calm bedtime routine can help you fall asleep faster and sleep more soundly. Connecting with others is crucial for emotional well-being as well. ____4____ In an era of constant digital communication, face-to-face interactions can feel rare, but they’re vital for building meaningful relationships. Spending time with others can reduce feelings of loneliness and increase feelings of happiness. Finally, don’t forget to take time for yourself. In a world that often values busyness, it’s important to carve out moments of relaxation. This could be reading a book or practicing meditation and enjoying the present moment. ____5____ A. You don’t have to push yourself too hard. B. Taking deep breaths can help calm your mind. C. Beyond physical activity, good mental rest also matters. D. Spending time in nature is also a great way to reduce stress. E. They can bring great benefits to your mental and physical health. F. Yet nothing can compare with the comfort of in-person connections. G. Taking care of your own needs isn’t selfish-it’s essential for well-being. Passage 2 （2026·山东胶州·二模） About a year ago, our dishwasher broke down. We called a repairman and were told it would have to be replaced. ____1____ So my mother asked me to wash dishes by hand after dinner. To understand why this upset me so much, you need to know what my life was like as a university senior. ____2____ Homework assignments, projects and tests competed for my attention and time. I caged myself in a prison of my own ambitions and expectations, cut off from many aspects of the world. So when I first started washing dishes, I felt annoyed. I was in a rush to be done with them, eager to get back to my endless list of tasks. ____3____ For about 15 minutes every day, I realized that I could slow down time and forget everything in the world. As my mind, eyes and hands focused on a simple task that would always result in success, I found peace. Though the new dishwasher arrived eventually, I continued to wash dishes by hand. This task became more relaxing and educational than I could have imagined. ____4____ From my kitchen window, I watched the seasons change: the tomato plant grew in summer, gave its fruit in fall, and died back in winter. Then new green was showing in spring. I kept these sights in mind, thinking on time itself. Washing dishes taught me to think of the completion of a task as the ultimate reward, not praise or a prize. I learned to be more relaxed about deadlines. ____5____ A. It definitely allowed me to recover. B. Now I can enjoy whatever task I’m doing. C. I was running around stressed most of the day. D. It took a while for the model we ordered to arrive. E. But a new dishwasher was out of our consideration. F. I should have accomplished them with even greater efforts. G. Washing dishes, though, caused an admirable transformation in me. Passage 3 （2026·山东聊城·二模） Many of us set grand goals, yet ultimately give in to hopelessness when progress remains snail-paced or invisible, failing to realize that lasting success is rarely achieved in no time. ____1____ Small steps serve as the core foundation of remarkable achievements. Consider the transformation of a seed into a towering forest giant. This process unfolds gradually, not in a flash. ____2____ Day by day, it takes in sunlight and water, growing deeper roots until it finally stands tall and resiliently — a proof of patience and persistence (坚持). Our goals mirror that seed: they demand time and daily care. ____3____ For example, reading a short English passage daily is better than finishing a thick book in a weekend. The former builds a sustainable routine; the latter just tires you out. Consistency is key, and small steps make consistency possible by keeping the task manageable. Another noticeable advantage of small steps lies in their capacity to lessen anxiety. When faced with a huge task, feeling nervous is an instinctive response. ____4____ However, splitting it into small steps helps. Each modest victory fosters a sense of fulfillment, which in turn strengthens your perseverance. This positive cycle can turn even the hardest goals into something easy to achieve. Small steps teach an invaluable lesson in personal growth. ____5____ Thus, the next time you are confronted with a monumental objective, don’t be afraid to start small. Bear in mind: every great journey begins with a single step. A. We may even abandon the effort before we begin. B. It transforms quietly and steadily beneath the surface. C. Small steps contribute to the formation of good habits. D. Make gradual progress on the demanding task each day. E. To change this situation, the best solution is to take small steps. F. Small steps are by no means capable of changing the circumstance. G. They remind us that progress, rather than perfection, is what truly counts. Passage 4 （2026·山东肥城·二模） Habits are useful. But as more and more activities become habitual, life becomes more routinized. ____1____ One small change — like choosing to have lunch on a park bench instead of at your desk — can lead to good things. In my case, the breakthrough was a subway ride. When my husband broke his hip (髋), instead of driving, we started taking the train from Boston to visit my family in New York. For a decade, we arrived late on Friday nights and joined the long taxi line, adding another exhausting hour to the trip. ____2____ To our amazement it was a simple 10-minute ride, followed by a three-minute walk to our hotel. Suddenly, we were free of the slowly crawling street traffic. The short walk from the subway stop to our hotel took us past a little grocery store, and it dawned on us that we could buy breakfast supplies instead of going out for them each morning. ____3____ Breaking the habit got us thinking again. If we took a train only one hour earlier, we could get to the city in time for dinner and actually have an extra evening in New York. ____4____ The enjoyment of sitting down to eat dinner, minutes after arriving in the city, was enhanced by the thought of how, in the old days, we’d still be standing in line for taxi. ____5____ Which habits have served their purpose? Which should be cherished? The small decision to take the subway has led to a string of other good decisions. The less company-fancy the meal is, the more my attention shifts to its other qualities. Some habits hold us back, while others give daily life its deep satisfactions. A. Eventually, our daughter suggested the subway. B. It was strange how deeply we’d fallen into the habit. C. We’d both begun using the subway system as teenagers. D. This led to a search for restaurants within walking distances. E. Eating-in leisurely turned out to be far more enjoyable. F. That is why breaking even a small habit can feel so significant. G. Having benefited from breaking a habit, I question others more. Passage 5 （2026·山东淄博·二模） Do you often find yourself re-reading pages just to grasp the meaning? Boosting your reading speed and comprehension may seem like an unconquerable task. ____1____ Reading speed and comprehension are intertwined skills. Studies have shown that faster readers tend to understand the material better than slower readers. ____2____ Experts believe it’s because faster readers are able to process more information per unit of time, which allows them to retain and recall details more effectively. This is known as the “processing capacity” theory-our brains have a limited capacity for processing new information. Slow, disjointed reading can exhaust this capacity, causing attention to wander and information to be poorly integrated. In fact, this inefficiency is often because of underlying obstacles that hinder our focus and comprehension. One major challenge is a lack of focus, which can be caused by distractions like social media, email notifications, or simply the urge to multitask. ____3____ Reading in harsh sunlight or dimly lit rooms can cause eye strain and discomfort, leading to slower comprehension. Prior knowledge also plays a significant role in reading speed and comprehension. If you’re unfamiliar with the topic, it’s natural that your understanding will suffer. ____4____ To become a faster and more efficient reader, many often focus on finding quick fixes or magic solutions. However, the truth is that consistent effort and purposeful practice are key to achieving lasting results. Purposeful practice involves setting specific goals for improvement, identifying areas of weakness, and creating a structured plan to address them. ____5____ It focuses on making gradual progress over time rather than seeking short-term gains. By dedicating regular time to focused practice, readers can develop their skills and build confidence in their ability to understand complex material quickly. A. This is perfectly normal! B. But why does this happen? C. This approach emphasizes quality over quantity. D. Given these challenges, how should we proceed? E. Another common obstacle is poor lighting conditions. F. This way, you stay focused and get a better understanding. G. However, with right techniques, you can unlock your full potential. Passage 6 （2026·山东青岛·二模） When I was asked to take part in a forest bathing, I packed a swimsuit, assuming it must involve a refreshing swim in the water. ____1____ I met Forest Therapy (治疗) guide Melanic Choukas- Bradley and several other women who’d come along for the adventure at an urban forest. Here, I began to get it. Forest bathing isn’t a bath. We sat on the banks of the river, but we did not get in the water. ____2____ We did walk the forest tracks, but we wandered with no destination in mind. The aim of forest bathing, Choukas-Bradley explained, is to slow down and become fully bathed in the natural environment. She helped us tune in to the forest’s smells, tastes and sights. ___3___ As we passed through the trees, we touched their trunks, feeling the roughness beneath our fingers. We smelled the flowers, each breath being a celebration of nature’s beauty. There’s a growing body of evidence that shows forest bathing can help boost mood and reduce stress. ____4____ A 2011 study comparing city walks to forest walks found the forest environment led to greater reductions in blood pressure, despite both activities requiring equal physical effort. ____5____ Most of human history was spent in environments that lack buildings and walls, and our bodies have adapted to living in the natural world. But today most of us spend much of our life indoors. Perhaps the new forest bathing trend is a recognition that many of us need a little nudge to get back out there. A. It’s not a hike, either. B. It turns out that my interpretation was literal. C. The benefits of nature can be accessed simply. D. Forest bathing frees us from worldly engagements. E. The idea that spending time in nature is good is not new. F. Indeed, medical researchers have demonstrated its benefits. G. We took in the peaceful surroundings by using all our senses. 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （2026·山东济宁·二模） There may be times when you may feel that enveloping your message in a generous coat of “nice” will make communication with others better. ____1____ Sugarcoating your words — whatever your reasons are — not only does not push meaningful relationships forward but may actually endanger otherwise healthy interactions. While, at best, sugarcoating can be an attempt at kindness, at worst, it could be viewed as a form of manipulation — trying to communicate in a way that controls the other person’s experience, instead of allowing them to have their own real reaction. ____2____ “For many, this pattern began in childhood,” says psychologist Carolyn Hextall. “Love may have felt conditional, and an unconscious decision was made that being pleasing, agreeable, or undemanding was the safest route to acceptance and connection.” ____3____ You might notice that you would rather validate others, stay quiet or soften your truth because you fear the consequence of voicing your own thoughts. Opposed to sugarcoating, saltcoating goes in the opposite direction. ____4____ But often, it crosses the line from being honest to being rude. People who use saltcoating often ignore others’ feelings, speaking their minds without any consideration, which easily leads to misunderstandings and conflicts. To avoid these, Carolyn suggests stopping using global, absolute statements such as “you always” or “you never”. ____5____ Instead, be specific in your feedback, and use “I” statements, which clearly communicate your experience without assigning any blame. For example, you might say: “When you said you’d meet me and then canceled, I felt upset and hurt.” This centers your emotional experience, and helps the other person understand the impact of their behavior. A. Yet in fact, the opposite is preferred. B. Often, sugarcoating is deeply rooted in people. C. It can be presented as being straight and direct. D. These tend to cause defensiveness very quickly. E. But a nice wrapper does not necessarily make a gift better. F. In adulthood, this early adaptation can continue to play out. G. These two approaches are two extremes that are better off avoided. Passage 2 （2026·山东淄博·二模） In recent years, more people have begun to prioritize their emotional well-being over constant availability. The phrase “protect your peace” has become a guiding principle for those who feel exhausted by endless demands, unspoken duties, and relationships that take more than they give. 1 It is a response to burnout. People begin to withdraw not because they do not care, but because they have spent too long caring without limits. 2 Some conversations are difficult but necessary. The challenge lies in knowing when silence preserves your well-being and when it quietly costs you your sense of self. Boundaries are often misunderstood as rules imposed (强加) on others. 3 They reflect who you believe you are and what you believe you are allowed to need. Many people struggle with boundaries not because they lack communication skills, but because they have internalized the belief that their worth is tied to how much they give. 4 Healthy, loving relationships thrive on clarity and care. Silence can create distance, while thoughtful communication can strengthen trust. Explaining a boundary does not weaken it. When done with honesty and kindness, it helps others understand that your limits are not rejection, but preservation. Boundaries are not demands. They are signals. They show others what we value and what we will protect. Over time, this clarity reshapes relationships, making room for mutual respect. Protecting your peace is not a single decision but an ongoing practice. It requires reflection, communication, and the willingness to redefine strength. In choosing yourself with honesty and care, you do not lose connection. 5 A. This shift isn’t about selfishness. B. Instead, you create healthier ones. C. As a matter of fact, they are rooted in identity. D. Healthy relationships often require regular apology. E. Protecting your peace doesn’t remove the need for explanation. F. Yet protecting your peace doesn’t mean avoiding all discomfort. G. It means refusing to lose yourself in the process of deep reflection. Passage 3 （2026·山东日照·二模） Economists have a name for what you must give up while you wait. We call this your opportunity cost. For example, you are always queuing a long time for a concert ticket. ____1____ The advice you can find on the internet for beating the lines at the Sistine Chapel often involves going early, perhaps before the museum opens, to secure a spot toward the front of the line. ____2____ If I arrive an hour before tickets go on sale to be first in line, but the wait would be only forty minutes long if I arrived when the museum opened, I end up waiting longer, not less. Whether arriving early shortens my wait depends on when others choose to arrive, and if all tourists follow the same internet advice and arrive an hour early, the lines at opening may be the longest of the day. It is hard to predict when the wait will actually be the shortest. ____3____ Rather than going when you think the lines might be the shortest, you can go when your opportunity cost is the smallest-for example, when you have nothing (or little) better to do. ____4____ Sometimes, it increases the total amount of time you wait, though. By arriving before opening, you get your waiting out of the way when other activities are not yet open. Sure, you might give up an hour of sleep or the chance to have a leisurely breakfast. This is worthwhile if the planned activities hold greater value for you. ____5____ If you’re first in line at the museum, you can see the chapel and still enjoy a packed day visiting other sites in Rome. A. Only then is queuing up early a good choice. B. Sightseeing joy outweighs breakfast comfort easily. C. But the economist in me is not sure about this advice. D. This is why you are better off considering opportunity cost. E. Opportunity cost awareness improves personal satisfaction later. F. Thinking about opportunity cost can make arriving an hour early seem sensible. G. Your opportunity cost is the enjoyment, work, or wages you give up by waiting. 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （2026·山东潍坊·二模） At the age of 35, Professor Setiya found himself at a crossroads. He had everything he thought he wanted: a distinguished position as an MIT professor, a loving family, and financial security. ____1____ As he looked at the life he had carefully constructed, the long, predictable road ahead stretched out before him like a straight line — a never-ending series of achievements leading ultimately to retirement, decline, and death. This prospect left him feeling anxious and unfulfilled. ____2____ He stopped running, and instead immersed himself in things that have no end point or completion: aimless walks, open conversations with friends, self-knowledge for interest (not achievements), and raising his children not as a “project to produce a successful human”, but as an enjoyable process. ____3____ Setiya’s story is a vivid example of how stepping away from unending pursuits can lift one out of a low point. When you are dealing with tough times, especially at midlife and against a backdrop of world instability, there emerges a powerful opportunity for deep positive change. ____4____ It can help people during this period to live in the moment and appreciate what’s happening right now, rather than getting caught up in worries about the future or past. The journey leads to a process called individuation. ____5____ Instead, life begins adding a qualitative dimension to the quantitative one. You start to find new sources of strength and renewal in unexplored places, and your past experiences become the foundation upon which you build your next steps, allowing you to grow and rise again in the second half of life. A. He found a way out. B. He set much clearer goals. C. Trying harder only makes matters worse. D. Yet he couldn’t shake off an empty feeling. E. Achieving more no longer holds the answer. F. The combination of all that brought him relief. G. By being more present, you can feel more grounded and satisfied. Passage 2 （2026·山东东营·二模） For many constantly connected to digital devices, a complete tech break sounds increasingly appealing. In the hit show The White Lotus, guests at a high-end hotel are asked to hand in their phones for a full digital “detox”. Off screen, the tech-free reset idea has gained huge popularity, from weekend getaways to apps claiming to help you quit other apps. ____1____ Before answering that question, we must define what a digital detox really means. It is not just full abandonment of all digital tech, but partial avoidance of overused features, like quitting a problematic social app or silencing endless notifications (通知). More and more people try detoxes to reclaim attention control and build healthier digital habits. ____2____ While positive online reviews sound persuasive, they are often one-sided. Only well-controlled experimental studies offer reliable answers. The findings, however, tell a more complex story, contrary to popular belief. ____3____ Instead, the most reliable effects come from partial, lasting changes over at least two weeks, like limiting daily phone use, rather than total avoidance. Then how does digital detox work to improve wellbeing? Our “non-smart phone study” offers clear explanations. ____4____ At its core, it cut overall digital media consumption, which in turn freed up daily time for meaningful offline activities. Most critically, this reduced constant distractions, helping people stay fully present in daily life. ____5____ Identify harmful content, replace screen time with joyful offline activities, and reduce phone distractions in social settings. This ensures long-term effectiveness. In our digital world, it is more than a trend — it’s a practical way to protect your attention and well-being. A. What is digital detox? B. Does digital detox actually work? C. Still, popularity doesn’t prove effectiveness. D. To maximize detox benefits, start with practical steps. E. Improvements come from psychological and behavioral shifts. F. We found the improvement originates from interconnected changes. G. No solid evidence proves total, short detoxes bring long-term benefits. Passage 3 （2026·山东济南·二模） Why struggle with an essay when AI can generate one on your behalf in seconds? Why personally respond to an email when AI can instantly produce automatic replies filled with all the typical greetings and talking-points? ____1____ Nevertheless, the ease is not necessarily a good thing. Writing still can’t be replaced even in the AI-driven era. Writing serves as a fundamental cognitive (认知的) exercise through which we realize what we truly understand, acknowledge the limits of our knowledge, and develop structured reasoning. More crucially, it is precisely by the very act of writing that we individuals ultimately make new sense of the world around us and arrive at a deeper understanding of who we are. ____2____ Paul Graham, a well-known computer scientist, once observed, “Good writers do not simply think and then record thoughts casually. ____3____” Writing helps us generate ideas we have never had before. Another critical but often overlooked function of writing is the compression (凝练) of ideas. ____4____ When done poorly, this process loses precious insights. When done well, it generates the insights and removes the unnecessary parts. Compression requires thinking, which is one reason why writing is so difficult. AI can write for us, but it won’t help us learn to think or understand a problem with deep fluency. And we need deep fluency to solve hard problems. A world of common thinking available on demand will encourage people to outsource their thinking and reward people who don’t. ____5____ Original thinking will only become more valuable in the future. A. It bridges the gap between ideas. B. Many people depend heavily on AI. C. AI has made writing surprisingly effortless. D. They always uncover insights in the act of writing. E. Those who can think and write independently will stand out. F. This journey of self-discovery is in essence a vital form of learning. G. Writing requires us to keep to a point and organize our ideas logically. Passage 4 （2026·山东临沂·二模） Though positivity isn’t what everyone is born with, we can grow more positive with practice. Here are practical ways to help you do so. Learn to reframe negative experiences. One of the mistakes people make is trying to avoid or ignore negative experiences. ____1____. However, trying to avoid or ignore these experiences actually damages your ability to deal with them. Instead, consider how you can reframe these experiences. Try to learn from them or view them differently. ____2____. Your body and your mind are connected. If you’re struggling to feel positive, it could be because your body is working against you. Social psychologist Amy Cuddy has shown that your posture can affect the levels of stress hormones in your body. Try standing up straight. Hold your shoulders back and your chest forward. Hold your gaze in front of you. ____3____. Show compassion to others. Compassion is doing something kind for someone else, especially if that person is less fortunate than you are. It can really boost your positivity. ____4____, whether it’s on an individual level or in your community, and practice showing compassion. Not only is it good for others, it’s even good for your health! See a therapist (治疗师). A common misperception is that people only need to see a therapist when there’s something wrong. ____5____. Similarly, seeing a therapist can also be a helpful preventive technique. And if you want to learn how to think and behave more positively, a therapist can help you identify unhelpful patterns in your thinking and develop new positive strategies. A. Use your body B. Do exercise to keep physically fit C. Learn from positive people around you D. Think of ways that you can serve others E. This makes sense, on some level, because they’re painful F. These “power poses” can help you feel more confident and optimistic G. Actually, you go to the doctor for annual checkups even if you’re not sick Passage 5 （2026·山东威海·二模） The Benefits of Power Naps Winston Churchill swore by them. After polishing off a boozy lunch and a cigar the former British prime minister would climb into bed for an afternoon nap. The last part of his regime may be worth imitating. ____1____A randomised controlled trial in 2023 found that nappers woke up with improvements to mood, alertness and memory. Napping habitually might also be wise. A study from 2007 found that healthy adults who took regular naps had a 37% lower risk of dying from heart disease. ____2____Sleep scientists tend to agree that a short “power” nap, somewhere between ten and 30 minutes, is best. For example, in 1994 NASA found that a 26-minute power nap enhanced pilots’ performance. Sleep for too long and you enter deeper sleep phases and wake up feeling groggy. ____3____A meta-analysis in 2016 concluded that daily naps lasting more than an hour increased the risk of developing diabetes. Some sleep experts contend that humans are biologically disposed to nap. They point to a natural dip in alertness after midday. ____4____ In cultures where this is common, however, nappers must still rest at night for the recommended seven hours. Coffee is a popular antidote to midday drowsiness. ____5____A study published in 2008 found power naps to be more effective than caffeine at improving alertness and memory. “The rest in the middle of the day”, Churchill wrote, “refresh the human frame far more than a long night.” Modern sleep experts might not go so far. But if you have time for a catnap, it could do you some good. Just remember to set an alarm. A. However, the duration of your nap is critical. B. This natural dip in alertness makes a brief daytime sleep appealing. C. Sleeping during the day is not just for shift workers and cats. D. Moreover, studies show such short naps do not harm nighttime sleep quality. E. Therefore, office workers should be encouraged to take naps during lunch breaks. F. Taking longer naps on a regular basis could even have negative health effects. G. But research suggests a short nap might be a more effective solution. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $