专题02 阅读理解（记叙文+议论文）（山东专用）2026高考英语二模分类汇编

专题02 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （2026·山东胶州·二模） Seven children line up,awaiting their turn on a slide. As each child rushes down, the ones behind laugh and cheer. Such scene is rare in Lagos, one of Africa’s fastest-growing cities, with a population of about 17 million. But on the city’s suburbs, a garbage-site-turned- park is providing room for kids to play. The project is the brainchild of 17-year-old Amara Nwuneli,who wants to prove that even in Lagos’ most crowded corners, children can have fun. For Amara, the path to building parks began when a terrible flood struck her hometown in 2020. Heavy rains swallowed entire neighborhoods, leaving thousands of families homeless. “People just said it was government failure or bad luck. ”Amara recalls. But, later, she realized it was what was called Nigeria’s “climate apathy” : the tendency to view floods, heat waves, and droughts as isolated (孤立的) incidents rather than consequences of a warming planet. “I wanted to change the mindset,” Amara says. “If people don’t feel connected to nature, they won’t fight to protect it. And I knew that had to start with creating spaces people could actually see and feel.” It was no easy task. Amara first approached the Lagos State Government, which offered land but imposed (施加) restrictions that made long-term construction impossible. After months of dead ends, she shifted strategy and started looking for alternative spaces that were accessible to high-risk communities. Eventually, Amara secured a garbage site. She then mobilized a team of artists, volunteers, and small donors to clear the trash and rebuild the site with recycled materials. Three months later, the park opened. Amara is now planning two more parks. She says communities from across the country have been reaching out to her team for advice on how to recycle abandoned spaces for public use. “That creates a kind of cycle,” Amara reflects. “I take action, others notice, they want to take action, too. And together, it grows.” 1. What might be a problem Lagos is facing? A. Insufficient public areas. B. Poor garbage management. C. Limited recreational (娱乐的) activities. D. Uncontrolled population growth. 2. What made Amara determined to build parks? A. Losses from natural disasters. B. People’s ignorance of climate change. C. Disappointment in government failure. D. Nigeria’s inadequacy in public education. 3. What quality does Amara demonstrate when completing the project? A. Integrity. B. Optimism. C. Flexibility. D. Patience. 4. What does Amara want to convey in the last paragraph? A. Small steps make a big difference. B. Every cloud has a silver lining. C. All roads lead to Rome. D. It is never too late to act. Passage 2 （2026·山东泰安·二模） After ten years in London, I recently relocated to Berlin, and as is customary when making new friends, the question “Where are you from?” tends to come up. My honest answer would be, “I don’t really know.” The truth is, most of us TCKs (Third Culture Kids) — a term coined to describe “children who move between cultures before they have had the opportunity to fully develop their personal and cultural identity” — had no choice growing up but to follow our parents around the world. We’d often be told, “Pack your bags, kids. We’re moving!” and in the blink of an eye, everything would change. By the time I was 18, I had changed schools 10 times, moved countries at least 6 times, acquired a confusing accent, and developed both a love of travel and a desire for stability. Being an Indonesian-Italian, I often felt an identity crisis weighing on me in my teens. Moving to a new country after spending ten years in the UK — the longest I have lived anywhere — has brought back feelings of this cultural confusion. Growing up as a TCK isn’t as charming as many people would expect. It is both a blessing and a curse (诅咒), beautiful but unpredictable, and full of adventures. This lack of roots and stability will likely cause issues later in life. Yet kids are adaptable. After overcoming culture shock, you start to adjust and see the bigger picture. You learn that the world is much bigger than you, and that your problems are small. You also learn responsibility, respect different beliefs, and form your own opinions. Making friends and then losing touch teaches you that everything is temporary. Growing up as a TCK, you rarely realize how adaptable you are, until your older friends often comment on how “wise and mature” you are for your age. Travelling from a young age opens your eyes beyond “Hypernormalization”. It teaches that diversity is nothing to be afraid of. Growing up as a TCK was tough, but I wouldn’t trade it for anything. It has shaped me to be the person that I am today — an actual “citizen of the world”. 1. How does the author usually respond to “Where are you from”? A. By stating her nationality directly. B. By admitting her uncertainty honestly. C. By explaining the TCK concept briefly. D. By describing her experiences in detail. 2. What does the author say about TCKs’ childhood? A. They enjoyed planning their moves. B. They resisted their parents’ decisions. C. They maintained their personal lifestyle. D. They were forced to adapt to sudden changes. 3. Which of the following can best describe TCKs’ experiences? A. Tough and confusing. B. Peaceful and predictable. C. Routine but eye-opening. D. Adventurous but beneficial. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Growing up as a TCK B. Challenges for Migration C. How to Become a Global Citizen D. How to Adapt to Diverse Cultures Passage 3 （2026·山东临沂·二模） In 1978, eight-year-old David Chiem and his family left Vietnam and arrived in Australia. He didn’t speak a word of English when he started school, but he picked it up quickly and topped his class that same year. At 14, Chiem starred in the Australian TV series Butterfly Island, becoming the first Asian-Australian to land a lead role on mainstream television. He became interested in acting and film-making and decided to study them — little knowing this would one day lead him to create an education empire. While learning film-making, Chiem realized something important: teachers often told students what to learn, but never how to learn. He wondered why so many kids struggled in school. He thought it might be because lessons didn’t truly interest them. He asked himself, “Instead of memorizing facts, why not teach children how to learn and help them become lifelong learners who love learning?” In 1998, Chiem started a research center in Sydney. He brought together experts in education, psychology, and brain science to develop the “3-Mind” learning model: the Champion Mind (never giving up), the Learning Mind (knowing how to learn), and the Creative Mind (coming up with new ideas). This approach helps children face challenges with curiosity and confidence. The first MindChamps preschool opened in Singapore in 2008 and was so popular that parents waited three months for a spot. Today, MindChamps has 39 preschools in Singapore and 81 across Australia, Myanmar, and Indonesia. Perhaps the greatest sign of success: over 70% of its franchisees (特许经营人) are parents of children who attend MindChamps schools. That’s real belief in a better way to learn. 1. What can we learn about David Chiem from the first two paragraphs? A. He had difficulty in learning English. B. He became a TV star quite by chance. C. His acting career inspired later business. D. He made the move for better education. 2. What did Chiem see as the main problem with traditional education? A. Children struggled in school. B. It stressed memorizing facts. C. Lessons were not challenging. D. It didn’t teach learning methods. 3. Which of the following best describe Chiem’s “3-Mind” model? A. Impractical. B. Demanding. C. Debatable. D. Innovative. 4. What does the high percentage of parents franchisees show? A. Parents have faith in the model. B. The schools are expanding quickly. C. Parents excel at making money. D. The model is favored by children. 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （2026·山东德州·二模） At 76, I’d long considered myself too set in my ways to try anything new. My life ran like a well-oiled machine, scheduled and safe. Every day followed the same simple routine without any unexpected changes. But my granddaughter’s simple question — “Grandma, when did you last do something that scared you?” — forced me to step outside my comfort zone and rethink my attitude towards life. Three old friends and I signed up for a weekend pottery workshop. I’d never touched clay in my life, and the thought of shaping it with my own trembling hands filled me with unease. On the first morning, our instructor encouraged us to give up perfection and embrace imperfection. She told us that mistakes in clay could always be repaired and turned into special beauty. I struggled to centre the clay on the wheel, my hands unskillful and awkward. More than once, the lump of earth twisted out of shape. Yet as the hours passed, something shifted. I stopped worrying about making a “good” pot and began to enjoy the quiet connection with the warm, damp clay. I focused on the gentle movement of my hands and the smooth feeling under my fingers. When my first rough bowl took shape, I felt a burst of pride I hadn’t known in decades. On the final day, we were asked to carve a single word into our work that represented what we’d gained. Most chose “joy” or “courage”. I carved “unfrozen”. To me, it meant letting go of the fear that I was too old to grow and daring to start a new journey. Our instructor looked at our creations and smiled. “You haven’t just made pots,” she said. “You’ve rewritten your own stories.” Those words stayed with me long after the workshop ended. I realized growth doesn’t retire with age; it only waits for the courage to begin again and discover a better self. 1. What made the author decide to take the pottery workshop? A. Her friends’ strong persuasion. B. Her granddaughter’s question. C. Her dream of making a bowl. D. Her hope to change her routine. 2. How did the author feel while making her first bowl? A. Anxious initially but proud later. B. Confident and calm all the way. C. Curious yet soon uninterested. D. Frustrated and discouraged halfway. 3. Why did the author carve “unfrozen” into her work? A. To show her love for pottery. B. To remember her granddaughter. C. To express her inner change. D. To praise the instructor’s help. 4. What can we infer from the text? A. Growth is still possible for the elderly. B. Perfection is the key to making good pots. C. The author was good at shaping clay at first. D. The instructor taught basic pottery skills quickly. Passage 2 （2026·山东聊城·二模） When I was little, I would sit beside my dad as he painted. He told me that a cow, a meadow, or sunlight alone were ordinary, but when put together, they created magic. I understood what he was saying, but I’ve never felt what he was saying until one day when I was up in the sycamore tree (梧桐树) to secure a kite interlaced in the branches. It was a long way up, but I thought I’d give it a shot. I started climbing. Then I looked down. And suddenly I got dizzy and weak. I was miles off the ground! But the kite was still beyond my reach. I caught my breath and forced myself to concentrate on the kite as I climbed up. When the kite was fully liberated, I needed a minute to rest. That’s when the fear of being up so high began to lift, and in its place came the most amazing feeling that I was flying. Just soaring above the earth, sailing among the clouds. Then I began to notice how wonderful the breeze smelled. I couldn’t stop breathing it in, filling my lungs again and again with the sweetest smell I’d ever known. It wasn’t long before I wasn’t afraid of being up so high and found the spot that became my spot. I could sit there for hours, just looking out at the world. Sunsets were amazing. Some days they’d be purple and pink, some days they’d be a blazing orange, setting fire to clouds across the horizon. It was on a day like that when my father’s notion (观念) moved from my head to my heart. The view from my sycamore was more than rooftops and clouds and wind and colors combined. And I started marveling (惊奇) at how I was feeling both humble and majestic. How was that possible? How could I be so full of peace and full of wonder? It was magic. 1. What was the author’s intention of climbing up the sycamore tree? A. To get the kite home. B. To prove her courage. C. To unfasten the kite. D. To practice climbing skills. 2. How did the author feel about the climbing experience? A. Breathtaking but exhausting. B. Challenging but rewarding. C. Strange and unique. D. Shocking and touching. 3. Why did the author like being up high in the tree? A. Because the tree gave off a pleasant smell. B. Because she found inner fulfillment beyond views. C. Because she could catch the amazing sunsets. D. Because it could help her focus her mind. 4. What can we learn from the text? A. Combination towers over its components. B. Actions speak louder than words. C. Beautiful things don’t ask for attention. D. Practice makes perfect. Passage 3 （2026·山东肥城·二模） I am one of those people who has two left feet. It is so bad, I can’t even do a basketball lay-up, which really discouraged me from playing the game as a kid. I can’t dance, either. I am such a bad dancer, I made my wife agree I wouldn’t have to dance as part of our wedding. But show me a lawn (草坪) that needs mowing (修剪) and something magical happens. It doesn’t matter if I am on an old-fashioned mower, I feel it! A pattern forms in my mind and I am ready to dance. As a consequence, our front lawn has featured Olympic rings, huge hearts, even a herringbone pattern where I changed the tilt (斜度) on the mower at the end of each row. It looked great, but was too much work to do again. Last fall, we let the back lawn grow and I mowed in winding paths. I am not much of an artist, but our lawns have become my special creation. I am not sure everyone in the family likes the look. I hope calling them grass fields will convince my wife to let me keep them. My mowing habit was featured in the John Deere dealers’ magazine many years back. Actually, twice. The photographers had to stand on tall ladders to get a decent shot. Lawn paths and patterns look great and are fun to create. If you can, cooperate with your neighbors and create a really nice look for the whole neighborhood — circular patterns around trees or street-wide stripes are great options. I urge all readers to give a couple of patterns a try over the next few weeks. Doing so might very well end lawn mowing a tiring job and add a bit of fun to our everyday travels. 1. What can we learn about the author from the first paragraph? A. He has an unusual body shape. B. He once played basketball well. C. He shows great talent in dancing. D. He is awkward in physical activities. 2. What does the author do when he sees a lawn that needs mowing? A. He urges to dance on it wildly. B. He wants to touch it personally. C. He is tired of the old-fashioned mower. D. He feels a creative idea coming to him. 3. How did the author’s mowing habit get recognized? A. His family all spoke highly of his creation. B. His neighbors came to cooperate with him. C. It was reported in a magazine many years ago. D. Photographers took pictures of him while mowing. 4. What message does the text convey? A. Mowing lawns is an art requiring practice. B. Creation can make boring tasks enjoyable. C. Gardening is helpful for improving sports ability. D. Unique lawn patterns can bring neighbors together. Passage 4 （2026·山东滨州·二模） If I hadn't been a struggling violinist, I might have never become a writer. In fourth grade, my school had an orchestra program, and I eagerly signed up to learn the violin with my friend Irene. We both loved the idea of being in the orchestra and walked together to our music lessons every week. Our orchestra teacher, Mr. Baumgartner, was strict. He told us that if we damaged our instruments, we'd be kicked out of the program because the school couldn't afford replacements. Unfortunately, I wasn't very good at the violin. One day, while practicing, the bridge of my violin flew off and the strings broke. Scared of Mr. Baumgartner's reaction, I tried to fix it myself with some glue. But when he saw my crooked bridge, he told me I couldn't be in the orchestra anymore. Instead, he suggested I join the glee club. I switched to the glee club and found I enjoyed singing with others, even though I didn't have a great voice. Later, the junior high chorus held auditions for the All City Honor Chorus, and I was one of only five girls from my school to audition. Because of this, I made the chorus. After a performance, my English teacher asked if anyone in the chorus wanted to write an article for the school newspaper. For some reason, I raised my hand. I loved reading, but I had never thought about writing before. However, when I saw my name and words in print, I knew I wanted to write more. The next year, I became the editor of the school newspaper. I realized that writing was my true passion. Looking back, I understand that if I hadn't broken my violin and joined the glee club, I might never have discovered my love for writing. Years later, I saw Irene at a reunion. She told me she had become a professional violinist in Australia. I thought, "That could have been me." But Mr. Baumgartner’s decision led me to a different path—one filled with words and stories. I'm grateful for that turn in my life and for Mr. Baumgartner's unexpected guidance. 1. What caused the author to leave the school orchestra? A. She lost interest in playing the violin. B. She wanted to join the glee club instead. C. She damaged her violin and failed to repair it properly. D. Her friend Irene became much better than her. 2. What was the initial result of the author joining the glee club? A. She immediately discovered her talent for singing. B. She was selected for a city-wide honor chorus. C. She decided to become a professional singer. D. She started writing articles for the newspaper. 3. How did the author feel when she first saw her writing published? A. Surprised but indifferent. B. Proud and determined to continue. C. Regretful about her past choices. D. Nervous about others’ opinions. 4. What is the main message the author wants to convey? A. Failure in one area can lead to success in another. B. Strict teachers are essential for student development. C. Childhood friendships can shape our future careers. D. Natural talent is more important than hard work. Passage 5 （2026·山东威海·二模） When Michelle Jackson retired at 56, she felt as if a door had suddenly closed. After decades as an engineer designing high-speed trains for British Rail, the once-busy rhythm of meetings, deadlines, and projects was gone. The silence that followed felt heavier than she had expected. “What am I going to do now?” she asked herself, faced with long days and too much quiet time. Luckily, five years later, she found her answer. At 61, Michelle picked up her first camera, determined to learn something entirely new. As a beginner, she joined a local walking and photography group, often spending hours outdoors experimenting with settings she barely understood at first. She also signed up for online courses in photography and Photoshop, insisting, “If I’m going to do something, I’ll do it properly.” Michelle always loved nature. In her twenties, she hiked long distances such as the 268-mile Pennine Way in northern England. Yet back then, she never thought of bringing a camera. Only after retirement did she realize that photography could preserve what had always touched her: the quiet wonder of wild places and animals. Her hearing loss, which once pushed her into retirement, has sharpened her vision. She notes that the weakening of one sense can strengthen another. This heightened perception, coupled with great patience, allows her to tolerate long waits in nature — whether for seabirds to form a heart with their heads or for a deer to enter the twilight. Now in her mid-60s, Michelle has won national and international awards. She spends at least 20 hours a week in the field, hiding under nets for cover or lying in wet grass, always ready for the excitement of the unexpected. Yet for her, success is not measured by awards. “Each time I see an animal appear,” she says, “my heart races. If you truly seek them, you will find them.” 1. What pushed Michelle to take up photography? A. Her interest in online courses. B. Her sudden hearing loss. C. Her emptiness after retirement. D. Her thirst for expanding her social circle. 2. How does hearing loss influence Michelle? A. It enhances her ability to see. B. It causes her lots of problems in daily life. C. It enriches her knowledge about wild animals. D. It deepens her understanding of human-nature relationship. 3. What does Michelle probably think of the awards she has earned? A. They have helped her gain wide recognition. B. They bring motivation for her to keep taking photos. C. They fail to compare with the joy of spotting wild animals. D. They are a silent witness to her progress in photography. 4. What message does Michelle’s story deliver? A. Well begun is half done. B. Age is no limit to passion. C. Nature is the best medicine. D. Failure is the mother of success. 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （2026·山东济南·二模） Maya Martinez, a high school senior living in a fog-covered coastal village in North California, noticed that the community garden was gradually drying up during the driest summer on record. While the villagers remained helpless, Maya chose to spend her afternoons carefully observing the thick mist that rolled in from the sea. Maya had already identified a critical fault in traditional fog-collecting mesh nets (网状网): they frequently became blocked by the very water drops they caught, which severely reduced their effectiveness. Digging deeper into solutions, Maya found a novel device designed by two scientists — the “Fog Harp (竖琴)”. Maya decided to use the handy materials to create her own “Fog Harp”. At first, neighbors watched the process with doubt as she strung hundreds of thin, upright wires across a solid wooden frame. To them, the setup looked no more than “a giant musical instrument” that only produced useless sounds in the cold coastal wind. Little did they know this simple-looking setup would soon prove surprisingly effective. The remarkable efficiency of Maya’s Fog Harp lies in its clever use of gravity. In a traditional mesh net, tiny water drops get easily trapped within the small square gaps, which stop further collection. This occurs because the surface tension — the invisible, stretchy “skin” of liquid water — is too strong for the small drops to overcome. In Maya’s Fog Harp, by contrast, water drops hit the wires and slowly combine into larger drops. Most importantly, with no cross wires to hold these larger drops in place, gravity easily overcomes surface tension, allowing the water to slide effortlessly down the wires and collect in a tank below. Of course, the project faced its share of setbacks. During one severe coastal storm, the extreme wind tore through the wooden frame. Yet, instead of giving in to despair, she immediately set out to fix the problem by reinforcing the entire structure with durable steel wires. By the time autumn arrived, Maya’s “Fog Harps” were reliably producing plenty of fresh water every day, partly meeting the daily water needs of the village. 1. Why did Maya observe the thick mist in her afternoons? A. To predict the weather conditions. B. To clarify the reasons for drought. C. To check the efficiency of the mesh nets. D. To work out a solution to water shortage. 2. What can we know about Maya’s “Fog Harp”? A. It was a musical instrument. B. It invited villagers’ acid words. C. It presented an inborn fault. D. It featured a solid metal frame. 3. What is the key for Maya’s Fog Harp to function well? A. Its upright-wire design. B. Its mesh-net structure. C. Its weak surface tension. D. Its resistance to gravity. 4. What can we learn from Maya’s story? A. Look before you leap. B. Better late than never. C. Think outside the box. D. Time waits for no man. Passage 2 （2026·山东日照·二模） In what would become one of her last interviews, Jane sat with a faded photograph in her hands. The image showed the baby Jane holding her first birthday gift from her father — a stuffed chimpanzee Jubilee. “My mother’s friends were horrified by this toy, thinking it would frighten me and give me nightmares,” she recalled. Instead, it led to her sense of wonder about the world and changed humankind’s understanding of animals. Her fascination with Africa began not long after she learned to read. She discovered Dr. Doolittle at eight, and Tarzan and the Apes by ten. It was then that she announced she was going to grow up, go to Africa, live with wild animals, and write books about them. This was in 1944, when World War II was raging and the idea of women as professionals “just wasn’t on the table.” London-born Jane always credited her parents — businessman Mortimer Herbert and novelist Margaret Joseph — for their support. When other children teased her unusual dream, her mother reassured her: true dreams demand tireless work, seizing opportunity, and never giving in to doubt. This firm belief became her life’s foundation. A memory from age four captures this: she had disappeared for four hours, causing considerable concern, only to be discovered sitting contentedly in the henhouse, absorbed in watching the hens and wondering where their eggs came from. Instead of scolding her, her mother saw the profound wonder in her daughter’s eyes. Her work defined her life — right up to the end. Despite her advanced age Jane traveled 300 days a year, delivering talks to students, scientists, and academics. She was on a speaking tour in the U.S. when she departed this life recently in her sleep at a hotel in Los Angeles. Tributes (颂词) flooded in from far and wide. “Jane’s work on primates and the importance of conservation opened the doors for generations of women in science,” Barack Obama said. Prince William praised her “infinite curiosity, compassion, and pioneering spirit. She challenged us all to make a difference and inspired me and countless others to work to protect our planet.” 1. Why is the toy Jubilee mentioned? A. It shows the fears it created in her childhood. B. It highlights its inspiring role in her life. C. It justifies her bond with family social circle. D. It functions as her first scientific subject. 2. What does “wasn’t on the table” suggest in paragraph 2? A. Wildlife study was unsuitable for women. B. Scientific practice was set under the table. C. Society could accommodate girls' ambition. D. Female scientists were less acknowledged. 3. What quality did Jane get from her family education? A. Boundless curiosity and persistence. B. Strong ambition and competitiveness. C. A creative and imaginative mindset. D. A gentle and caring heart for creatures. 4. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To launch a pioneering campaign. B. To introduce a promising career. C. To remember a guardian of nature. D. To awaken a passion for wildlife. 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （2026·山东胶州·二模） Have you ever obeyed the suggestions of a digital writing assistant to replace a word or restructure a sentence? Before the appearance of digital tools, you’d probably have turned to a dictionary for the same assistance. Dictionaries enable us to write not with fail-safe convenience but with originality and a point of view. While AI assistants produce phrases and statements so writers don’t have to think them up, dictionaries provide us with the knowledge to use language ourselves in expressive and potentially infinite (无穷的) ways. They place choice and authority literally in human hands, forcing us to discover how we want to explain ourselves and our ideas to the world. The abundance of digital writing assistants gives greater urgency to debates about what a dictionary should be. In 1946, George Orwell described good writing as “picking out words for the sake of their meaning,” a practice that dictionaries facilitate while digital writing programs stifle. Writers consulting a dictionary make a choice, while writers guided by an app have their choices made for them. The digital-native approach delivers hands-off, derivative (衍生的) communication. The other requires leafing through pages without knowing exactly where you’ll end up. Without dictionaries to provide us with a guide to English’s potential, writing that way is nearly impossible. Our ability to express ourselves is critical — it helps us define who we are. Dictionaries aid us in achieving this: They categorize our unique ways of thinking through language. I’m a Canadian; my feeling of pride in my native land is enhanced by small verbal Canadianisms like “eaves trough” or “serviette”, which are well-documented in dictionaries but rarely used by AI chatbots, for the most part. As digital writing extends deeper into our lives and minds, we need dictionaries more than ever. Abandoning dictionaries and embracing mechanized writing would weaken our capacity for collective identity quite as much as the ability to express ourselves. 1. What might be a distinct feature of dictionaries according to the author? A. They promise fail-safe phrases. B. They possess academic authority. C. They facilitate creative writing. D. They provide ready-made expressions. 2. What does the underlined word “stifle” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Favor. B. Revise. C. Observe. D. Discourage. 3. Why does the author mention “eaves trough” and “serviette” in paragraph 4? A. To show how AI aids us in expressing. B. To indicate the weakness of dictionaries. C. To celebrate the diversity of Canadian English. D. To illustrate how language use affects identity. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Why Keep Your Dictionary? B. How to Deal with Digital Writing? C. Who Uses Writing Assistants? D. What to Expect from Dictionaries? Passage 2 （2026·山东东营·二模） I have struggled with speaking English since learning it as a second language at 27. Early in my teaching career, students complained about my accent, and my department chair once summed up my performance: Dr. Sun was a good teacher, but he had an accent. Even my children urged me to try harder. “Anything can be done,” they insisted. The unspoken accusation was clear: If I still sounded foreign, I wasn’t trying hard enough. What neither of them knew was that biology had already cast the die. There is a term for the firm influence of one’s mother tongue: imprinting, an early, mostly unchangeable form of learning. The idea first entered science through the brilliance of Konrad Lorenz, who famously persuaded newly hatched goslings to follow him as if he were their mother. At the time, imprinting was mostly treated as an animal curiosity. Its deeper relevance to humans took longer to sink in. Decades of research since then have reinforced the point. Human brains pass through a critical period for language acquisition. During childhood, neural (神经的) circuits are finely tuned to absorb sounds and accents. Later, those circuits become less flexible, not because adults are lazy, but because gene expression changes with age. This is why children can pick up a new language without an accent, while adults, no matter how dedicated, cannot. I stopped fighting this biological limit and focused on areas imprinting does not control: word choice, sentence structure and rhythm. Something unexpected happened – my English writing improved greatly, and I even began writing books in English. Biology does not write our future, but it does draw boundaries. That is why we abandon many childhood dreams: basketball for being too short, soccer for starting too late. Ignoring them, we trip up. Understanding them, we can work around them. The best kind of confidence is not the belief that you can do anything. It is the wisdom to know what you cannot do, and the discipline to stop wasting precious time trying to prove otherwise. 1. What did the author’s children accuse him of? A. Showing off his pronunciation. B. Not trying hard to drop his accent. C. Speaking with an accent in class. D. Refusing to learn standard English. 2. What does the underlined phrase “cast the die” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Delayed the process. B. Unlocked the potential. C. Improved the situation. D. Determined the outcome. 3. What makes it hard for adults to learn a foreign language without an accent? A. Mental laziness. B. Learning habits. C. Biological changes. D. Genetic patterns. 4. What does the author intend to tell us? A. Play to your strengths. B. It’s never too late to learn. C. Practice makes perfect. D. Early bird catches the worm. Passage 3 （2026·山东菏泽·二模） Between Durban and Pietermaritzburg in South Africa, a 55-mile Comrades Marathon is unfolding with nine medals, each tied to a strict time limit. Hundreds of runners may fall short even after giving their all, yet they remain excited, proud, and eager to return next year. This scene stands as the most authentic reflection of the “paradox (悖论) of effort”. First coined by University of Toronto psychologist Michael Inzlicht, the concept refers to a seemingly contradictory human tendency that we often pursue things not for ease, but precisely because their difficulty draws us in. Inzlicht and his team credit this persistence to two main factors: first, rewards are more valued because of the effort put in; second, effort itself functions as its own reward. When we invest heavily in something without getting equal returns, we tend to convince ourselves that “the result is worth it.” Over time, like Pavlov’s dogs responding to a bell, we gradually relate effort to positive outcomes. A new study published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: General in 2025 further uncovered the mystery of the paradox of effort. When considering the future, participants assigned greater value to cash than to mugs (马克杯) that required climbing stairs to obtain, but after actually completing the stair-climbing task, they raised the value of the mugs due to the effort invested. Behind this hides a general principle of timing: future effort takes the shine off the appeal, but past effort gives a brilliance to perceived value. The shift in value perception, however, relies on a critical balance between “within reach” and “out of sight”. While people like something more as it gets more challenging, this appeal fades when it becomes overly difficult. That’s why the marathon has different medals: everyone needs a goal that feels possible with a little extra effort. The paradox of effort never encourages blind suffering; instead, true value often emerges from those “optimal challenges”. Neither should you shy away from toil and trouble, nor should you chase hardship for hardship’s sake. Just as Inzlicht said, “It’s the struggle within the right bounds that fulfills your life and brings lasting happiness.” 1. What does the Comrades Marathon suggest? A. Failure can be a source of pride. B. Strict rules boost participants’ passion. C. Difficulty can be a motivator. D. Physical endurance ensures final success. 2. Which of the following best reflects the factors behind the “paradox of effort”? A. A chef uses pre-made meals for instant profits. B. A researcher abandons project despite potential gains. C. A shopper values self-crafted items over finished ones. D. A student jumps to quick conclusions without thinking. 3. What does the 2025 study show about the “paradox of effort”? A. Future task elevates financial appeal. B. Stair-climbing devalues invested effort. C. Past effort reduces mug’s value. D. Effort shifts perception of its value. 4. What does Inzlicht advise about effort? A. Seek maximum difficulty. B. Bear unnecessary hardship. C. Embrace attainable challenge. D. Pursue effortless happiness. 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （2026·山东滕州·二模） Raj Patel was 5, traveling with his family to India from England.A young girl, no older than 12, approached their car, carrying a crying baby, begging for money and food. “My parents embarrassingly pushed some money out to her from the window,”Patel says. “Since then, the journey has been to figure out why this stuff happens.” Upon returning to England, Patel decided to rent out his toys and raise money to stop hunger. It didn’t take him long to realize his attempts would not fix the problem.While attending Oxford University, Patel had an idea to shift his major to mathematics, believing that mathematics could handle the crisis of hunger and poverty (贫困).But as he dived deeper into the topic, he learned the political and systemic side of the story. So he changed his undergraduate degree back to economics and added the study of philosophy and politics to his pursuits (事业). After graduation, he worked for the World Bank and the United Nations. But even that, he says, didn’t lead to workable solutions (解决方案). His first book, Stuffed and Starved, was a breakout work written for a general audience. While living in Africa, Patel created a number of documentaries but none gained much popularity until he met Anita Chitaya, an activist in Bwabwa, a remote village in Malawi. Anita works with a local organization that has fought hunger in Malawi for decades.She helps farmers to experiment with crops to grow more nutritious food. Her story evolved into an 11-year project -The Ants&the Grasshopper, which earned the Moving Mountains Award. As the decade of research,filming and editing carries on, this drought-stricken village goes from being.self-sufficient through sustainable farming practices to struggling to grow enough nutritious food and access clean,drinkable water. Climate change ended up being another part of the story. Patel knows that he needs to find other ways to reach audiences. He released a widely shared YouTube video about capitalism, chicken nuggets (鸡块) and the global hunger crisis. He’s given 20-minute TED Talks that summarize the intentions of his books. No matter what gets thrown his way, Patel seems to course-correct in order to continue pursuing his mission. 1. What excited Patel’s pursuit of his career? A. A beggar-led crowd. B. A fund-raising event. C. A chance encounter with a needy girl. D. A narrow escape from a car accident. 2. Why did Patel shift his major to mathematics? A. He felt he was good at it. B. He disliked boring economic theories. C. He was eager to learn its political and systemic side. D. He considered it as a solution to the hunger and poverty crisis. 3. What is The Ants & the Grasshopper mainly about? A. Anita’s journey to tackle food crisis. B. Causes of climate change in Malawi. C. Bwabwa’s remarkable transformation. D. Patel’s personal experience in Bwabwa. 4. What did Patel do to attract more attention to global hunger? A. He shot funny videos. B. He made presentations. C. He cut the price of his books. D. He conducted collaborative research. Passage 2 （2026·山东济宁·二模） For years I walked the streets of London wearing noise-canceling headphones, absorbed in playlists, podcasts or long voice notes, a million miles away from wherever I physically was. One damp January evening, I was walking home, headphones out of power in my bag, when I noticed a small figure fall down on the pavement with her eyes closed. I might not have noticed her if I had been in my own world, fixated on what was playing in my ears. I asked her name. No response. Worse, she didn’t seem to be breathing. My mind raced back to my first-aid class, but I drew a blank, afraid of getting it wrong. I dialed 999. The call handler talked me through it: lie her down, press her chest to a count, keep going. To my relief, the stranger took a breath. After the medical workers arrived, I quietly left. After that night, I resolved to be more aware of the happenings around me. Wearing headphones made me feel as if I was wrapped in sound: it could be comforting, but the world was dulled and separate. So, off they came. Suddenly, I awakened to all that had long escaped my notice. A noise in the grass turned out to be a hedgehog fighting a blackbird — I felt as if I’d entered a secret world. A thunderous crack alerted me to a woodpecker drilling holes in a tree near my local park. Plus, I’m more open to talking to strangers now. It’s easier to start a conversation when my first response isn’t “What?” as I peel off my headphones. Still, it helps to have the option to zone out. I refuse to go for a run without loud Cuban music in my ears to force my trainers to hit the ground with the beat. There’s no way I’m getting on an aeroplane without listening to an audio book. As for that January night, I’ll never know what happened to the stranger, but I’m glad I was paying attention. 1. Why was the author able to notice the woman’s unusual condition? A. He heard a sound of an ambulance. B. He had rich first-aid expertise. C. His headphones happened to be dead. D. His mind was wandering from music. 2. What does the underlined word “they” refer to in paragraph 4? A. The headphones. B. The noises. C. The happenings. D. The medical workers. 3. What is the author’s current view on using headphones? A. It is a stylish trend. B. It is a conscious choice. C. It is a regular routine. D. It is a habitual preference. 4. What message does the text try to convey? A. Music speaks. B. Alertness counts. C. Kindness never fades. D. To tune out is to tune in. Passage 3 （2026·山东潍坊·二模） When I was a child, I drew a face. A grown-up corrected me quickly with a circle, round eyes, a seven-shaped nose and a curved mouth. I stood confused, for this cold, mechanical pattern felt nothing like the lively faces I knew in real life. As I grew up, I kept wondering how to draw a real face. Once, I got a chance to ask people to draw each other following two rules: never lift the pencil, and never look down at the paper. They could only look at their partner. After a minute, the drawings were terrible but wonderful. Why? Because they had drawn what they truly saw, not what they thought a face should look like. They also did something rare: they made eye-to-eye, face-to-face contact for almost a full minute without looking away. They slowed down, focused fully, and truly noticed another person. That was the secret to drawing “a real face”. Later, as an illustrated journalist, I once planned a drawn story about how public libraries served the people. I explored every corner of the library and genuinely connected with the staff. I found with their intentional, public-spirited help, those seemingly ordinary facilities served people in far more meaningful ways. Computers that I assumed were for checking out books or emails were actually lifelines for people searching for jobs and housing. The sinks in the public restroom served as a laundromat (洗衣房) and showers for the homeless. The entirely new and rich truth contributed to my series of breathing drawings. I do not hope everyone becomes an artist, but everyone can learn to see deeply. Slow down, pay attention, and truly observe; you will rediscover love for the world and all people around you. We urgently need this courage-to see each other and ourselves clearly, and to honor the real truth hidden in plain sight. 1. What confused the author in the first paragraph? A. A fixed concept. B. The adult’s criticism. C. A sharp contrast. D. The unclear drawing rules. 2. Why were the drawings terrible but wonderful in paragraph 2? A. They were messy but detailed. B. They were rough but lively. C. They appeared ugly but organized. D. They seemed simple but friendly. 3. What do the underlined words “the entirely new and rich truth” refer to in paragraph 3? A. More library service roles. B. Better maintenance of facilities. C. Greater professional pride. D. Deeper exploration for good stories. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Drawing a Magic. B. Discovering the Art. C. Seeing the Real Face. D. Creating Fine Works. Passage 4 （2026·山东淄博·二模） In 1998, British adventurer Karl Bushby looked down a road in Chile and set a goal: walk all the way home to Hull, England — without using a single form of transport, which was audacious. What he didn’t know then was that the journey he thought would take eight years would stretch into a remarkable 27-year trek (跋涉) across continents, oceans and history. Now, after walking 36,000 miles, surviving the attack of polar bears, swimming across seas, and navigating countless visa setbacks, the 56-year-old adventurer is finally on the home stretch. Bushby began his adventure in Punta Arenas, Chile, trekking north through South and North America, eventually reaching Alaska. In 2006, he attempted one of the most dangerous legs of the journey: crossing the frozen Bering Strait into Siberia. Armed with a gun to scare off polar bears and forced to leap between moving blocks of ice, he achieved what few people on Earth have ever done. His challenges didn’t stop there. Last year, when he couldn’t safely travel through a European country, he took on a new challenge — swimming across the Caspian Sea. With a support team and co-swimmer Angela Maxwell, Bushby spent 31 days completing the 179-mile crossing, swimming a total of 132 hours. After reaching Azerbaijan, he continued through Turkey, and now stands less than 2,000 miles from home. He hopes to recenter Europe this summer and walk into Hull by September 2026. Returning home after nearly three decades, he admits, will feel unrealistic. He left when he was 29. He will return at 58. He says reuniting with family will mean “getting to know each other again”. Bushby walks an average of 30km a day and rests wherever he can find shelter. His mission, called the Goliath Expedition, has outlasted five UK prime ministers, a global health incident, and numerous wars — but his spirit remains as strong as it was in 1998. And the world is cheering him on as he enters the final chapter of one of the most extraordinary human endurance journeys ever attempted. 1.What does the underlined word “audacious” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Common. B. Meaningless. C. Ambitious. D. Practical. 2. Why did Bushby swim across the Caspian Sea? A. To set a new world record. B. To avoid the potential risk. C. To shorten the distance. D. To test his physical limits. 3. What does Bushby mean by saying “getting to know each other again”? A.It is awkward to see his family. B. It is too long since he left home. C.He feels regretful for traveling. D. He wants to accompany his family more. 4. What does the Goliath Expedition symbolize? A. The power of spirit. B. The need for recognition. C. The meaning of exploration. D. The importance of adaptation. 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （2026·山东青岛·二模） “Growing fruit trees is a very simple way to stay in love with our world,” says Vivian Keh, playwright and daughter of immigrants, holding a basket of persimmons (柿子) she’s cultivated to feel connected to her Korean ancestors. Keh is just one of the 50 remarkable subjects in naturalist writer Amy Stewart’s The Tree Collectors: Tales of Arboreal Obsession, a collection of portraits of people transformed by their love of trees. Initially, trees struck Stewart as an odd thing to collect. Intrigued by this community of enthusiasts, she discovered educators, preservationists and visionaries, all drawn to a kind of curation, motivated by reasons diverse as their projects. They plant trees in public and private spaces both modest and expansive, nurturing (培育) their collections to honor beloved dead, attract wildlife, preserve rare species’ connect to history, invest in the future, grow food and create beauty. Steward categorizes these tree collectors according to their sense of purpose. Kenneth Hoegh, one of the book’s “ecologists”, tests which cold-loving species might grow in a warming and historically treeless Greenland. “Healer” Joe Hamilton plants loblolly pines on a parcel of land he got from his enslaved ancestors with an eye toward long-term sustainable forestry which he hopes will establish a source of generational wealth for his family. Reagan Wytsalucy has a plan to restore traditional peach orchards on Navajo land as one of the “community builders” who seek to bring people together. Adding to the book’s charm are Stewart’s watercolor’ illustrations — she gives Us a look at each of her human subjects while also cataloging the most wonderful qualities of featured trees, such as Seussian eucalyptus seed pods and delicate camellia blossoms. After spending time in this varied commonwealth, you’ll undoubtedly experience an intense desire to rest under the shade of a leafy oak. But something even deeper is happening here: by creating a space for people to talk about something they love. “How often do any of us get a chance to pour our hearts out to a stranger?” she writes. “Somehow, talking about trees made it possible.” 1. What does the underlined word “curation” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Connection. B. Collection. C. Treatment. D. Transformation, 2. What purpose of planting trees is mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To preserve rare species. B. To honor beloved dead. C. To develop new varieties. D. To strengthen social bonds. 3. What does the quote in the last paragraph suggest about discussing trees? A. It inspires new ideas. B. It rarely happens in public. C. It allows deep emotional sharing. D. It helps resolve environmental issues. 4. What does the writer think of the book? A. Complicated. B. Conventional. C. Inspiring. D. Intense. Passage 2 （2026·山东威海·二模） Dark chocolate, mainly solid cocoa, is widely believed to be a healthier treat, often credited with benefits like lowering blood pressure and boosting brainpower. These claims are largely linked to flavanols (黄烷醇), compounds abundant in cocoa. However, a closer look at the scientific evidence suggests that we should be careful about eating dark chocolate. While some short-term studies, frequently funded by chocolate companies, suggested potential advantages, their results have been inconsistent. More importantly, they are too brief to reveal the long-term effects of regular consumption. Observational studies, which simply note correlations (相关性), found that people who eat more dark chocolate tend to be healthier. But this could be because they often have higher incomes and better overall lifestyles, not because of the chocolate itself. To settle the debate, a big randomized experiment was conducted. It involved older adults who took daily cocoa-flavanol supplements for several years. The findings were clear: the flavanols made no significant difference to the risk of developing heart disease, diabetes, or cancer. There was one positive note — a reduction in cardiovascular (心血管的) deaths — but this single outcome is not solid proof of benefit. Crucially, obtaining a high share of flavanols from commercial dark chocolate introduces serious disadvantages. To counter cocoa’s bitterness, manufacturers add large amounts of sugar. It means a person would also consume a substantial portion of the daily recommended limit of fat, which is known to raise cholesterol (胆固醇) and harm heart health. A far healthier way to get flavanols is from foods like apples, nuts, strawberries, or green tea. Ultimately, the celebrated health benefits of dark chocolate appear to be rooted more in marketing and wishful thinking than in robust science. While enjoying it as an occasional treat is fine, relying on it as a health food is misguided. True wellness comes from a balanced diet rich in various fruits, vegetables, and beans—not from a single, sugary treat. 1. What is a common belief about dark chocolate? A. It has inconsistent benefits. B. Its benefits come at a high cost. C. It contributes to physical health. D. Its advantages rely on long-term intake. 2. What is a result of taking in flavanols from dark chocolate? A. Faster fat burning. B. Resistance to cholesterol. C. Reduction of cancer risks. D. Increase in sugar consumption. 3. What does the underlined word “robust” in the last paragraph mean? A. Basic. B. Solid. C. Advanced. D. Emerging. 4. Which is the best title for the text? A. The Bitter Truth About Dark Chocolate B. A Guide to Choosing Healthy Chocolate C. The Impact of Flavanols on Your Health D. Marketing vs. Science in the Food Industry / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A Passage 2【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 4. A Passage 3【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 4. A 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A Passage 2【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A Passage 3【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C 4. B Passage 4【答案】1.C 2. C 3. B 4. A Passage 5【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C Passage 2【答案】1.B 2. A 3. A 4. C 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 4. A Passage 2【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A Passage 3【答案】1.C 2. C 3. D 4. C 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B Passage 2【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D Passage 3【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C Passage 4【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C Passage 2【答案】1.C 2. D 3. B 4. A / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （2026·山东胶州·二模） Seven children line up,awaiting their turn on a slide. As each child rushes down, the ones behind laugh and cheer. Such scene is rare in Lagos, one of Africa’s fastest-growing cities, with a population of about 17 million. But on the city’s suburbs, a garbage-site-turned- park is providing room for kids to play. The project is the brainchild of 17-year-old Amara Nwuneli,who wants to prove that even in Lagos’ most crowded corners, children can have fun. For Amara, the path to building parks began when a terrible flood struck her hometown in 2020. Heavy rains swallowed entire neighborhoods, leaving thousands of families homeless. “People just said it was government failure or bad luck. ”Amara recalls. But, later, she realized it was what was called Nigeria’s “climate apathy” : the tendency to view floods, heat waves, and droughts as isolated (孤立的) incidents rather than consequences of a warming planet. “I wanted to change the mindset,” Amara says. “If people don’t feel connected to nature, they won’t fight to protect it. And I knew that had to start with creating spaces people could actually see and feel.” It was no easy task. Amara first approached the Lagos State Government, which offered land but imposed (施加) restrictions that made long-term construction impossible. After months of dead ends, she shifted strategy and started looking for alternative spaces that were accessible to high-risk communities. Eventually, Amara secured a garbage site. She then mobilized a team of artists, volunteers, and small donors to clear the trash and rebuild the site with recycled materials. Three months later, the park opened. Amara is now planning two more parks. She says communities from across the country have been reaching out to her team for advice on how to recycle abandoned spaces for public use. “That creates a kind of cycle,” Amara reflects. “I take action, others notice, they want to take action, too. And together, it grows.” 1. What might be a problem Lagos is facing? A. Insufficient public areas. B. Poor garbage management. C. Limited recreational (娱乐的) activities. D. Uncontrolled population growth. 2. What made Amara determined to build parks? A. Losses from natural disasters. B. People’s ignorance of climate change. C. Disappointment in government failure. D. Nigeria’s inadequacy in public education. 3. What quality does Amara demonstrate when completing the project? A. Integrity. B. Optimism. C. Flexibility. D. Patience. 4. What does Amara want to convey in the last paragraph? A. Small steps make a big difference. B. Every cloud has a silver lining. C. All roads lead to Rome. D. It is never too late to act. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。讲述了17岁的阿玛拉·努威利在尼日利亚拉各斯将垃圾场改造成公园，以此改变人们对气候和自然的冷漠态度，并带动更多人行动起来的故事。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Such scene is rare in Lagos, one of Africa’s fastest-growing cities, with a population of about 17 million. But on the city’s suburbs, a garbage-site-turned- park is providing room for kids to play. (这样的场景在拉各斯十分罕见，这座非洲增长最快的城市之一，约有1700万人口。但在城市郊区，一个由垃圾场改造而成的公园为孩子们提供了玩耍的空间。)”可知，拉各斯面临的问题是公共活动区域不足。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“But, later, she realized it was what was called Nigeria’s “climate apathy”: the tendency to view floods, heat waves, and droughts as isolated incidents rather than consequences of a warming planet. (但是，后来，她意识到这就是所谓的尼日利亚“气候冷漠”：将洪水、热浪和干旱看作孤立事件，而不是地球变暖的后果。)”以及第三段“I wanted to change the mindset. (我想要改变这种心态。)”可知，是人们对气候变化的无知和漠视让阿玛拉决心建造公园。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Amara first approached the Lagos State Government, which offered land but imposed (施加) restrictions that made long-term construction impossible. After months of dead ends,she shifted strategy and started looking for alternative spaces that were accessible to high-risk communities. Eventually, Amara secured a garbage site. (阿玛拉首先向拉各斯州政府提出了申请，该政府提供了土地，但附加了一些限制条件，使得长期建设变得不可能。经过数月的无果努力后，她改变了策略，开始寻找那些对高风险社区来说易于到达的替代场地。最终，阿玛拉获得了一个垃圾场的使用。)”可知，她在遇到困难时及时调整策略，体现出灵活变通的品质。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘I take action, others notice, they want to take action, too. And together, it grows.’ (我采取行动，别人看到，他们也想行动。然后一起行动，影响就会扩大。)”可知，阿玛拉想传达的是：小小的行动也能带来巨大改变。故选A。 Passage 2 （2026·山东泰安·二模） After ten years in London, I recently relocated to Berlin, and as is customary when making new friends, the question “Where are you from?” tends to come up. My honest answer would be, “I don’t really know.” The truth is, most of us TCKs (Third Culture Kids) — a term coined to describe “children who move between cultures before they have had the opportunity to fully develop their personal and cultural identity” — had no choice growing up but to follow our parents around the world. We’d often be told, “Pack your bags, kids. We’re moving!” and in the blink of an eye, everything would change. By the time I was 18, I had changed schools 10 times, moved countries at least 6 times, acquired a confusing accent, and developed both a love of travel and a desire for stability. Being an Indonesian-Italian, I often felt an identity crisis weighing on me in my teens. Moving to a new country after spending ten years in the UK — the longest I have lived anywhere — has brought back feelings of this cultural confusion. Growing up as a TCK isn’t as charming as many people would expect. It is both a blessing and a curse (诅咒), beautiful but unpredictable, and full of adventures. This lack of roots and stability will likely cause issues later in life. Yet kids are adaptable. After overcoming culture shock, you start to adjust and see the bigger picture. You learn that the world is much bigger than you, and that your problems are small. You also learn responsibility, respect different beliefs, and form your own opinions. Making friends and then losing touch teaches you that everything is temporary. Growing up as a TCK, you rarely realize how adaptable you are, until your older friends often comment on how “wise and mature” you are for your age. Travelling from a young age opens your eyes beyond “Hypernormalization”. It teaches that diversity is nothing to be afraid of. Growing up as a TCK was tough, but I wouldn’t trade it for anything. It has shaped me to be the person that I am today — an actual “citizen of the world”. 1. How does the author usually respond to “Where are you from”? A. By stating her nationality directly. B. By admitting her uncertainty honestly. C. By explaining the TCK concept briefly. D. By describing her experiences in detail. 2. What does the author say about TCKs’ childhood? A. They enjoyed planning their moves. B. They resisted their parents’ decisions. C. They maintained their personal lifestyle. D. They were forced to adapt to sudden changes. 3. Which of the following can best describe TCKs’ experiences? A. Tough and confusing. B. Peaceful and predictable. C. Routine but eye-opening. D. Adventurous but beneficial. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Growing up as a TCK B. Challenges for Migration C. How to Become a Global Citizen D. How to Adapt to Diverse Cultures 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章结合作者的经历讲述第三文化孩子（TCKs）的成长经历、面临的困惑及这种经历对他们的积极影响。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“After ten years in London, I recently relocated to Berlin, and as is customary when making new friends, the question “Where are you from?” tends to come up. My honest answer would be, “I don’t really know.”(在伦敦生活了十年后，我最近搬到了柏林。就像结交新朋友时的惯例一样，“你来自哪里？”这个问题往往会被问到。我诚实的回答是：“我真的不知道。”)”可知，作者在被问到“你来自哪里？”时，会诚实地承认自己的不确定。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The truth is, most of us TCKs (Third Culture Kids) — a term coined to describe “children who move between cultures before they have had the opportunity to fully develop their personal and cultural identity” — had no choice growing up but to follow our parents around the world. We’d often be told, “Pack your bags, kids. We’re moving!” and in the blink of an eye, everything would change.(事实是，我们大多数第三文化孩子（TCKs）——这个术语被创造出来描述“在有机会充分发展个人和文化认同之前在不同文化之间移动的孩子”——在成长过程中别无选择，只能跟随父母环游世界。我们经常会被告知：“孩子们，收拾好你们的行李。我们要搬家了！”转眼间，一切都会改变)”可知，第三文化孩子（TCKs）的童年被迫适应突如其来的变化。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It is both a blessing and a curse (诅咒), beautiful but unpredictable, and full of adventures.(它既是一种祝福也是一种诅咒，美好却不可预测，充满了冒险)”以及最后一段中的“Growing up as a TCK was tough, but I wouldn’t trade it for anything. It has shaped me to be the person that I am today — an actual “citizen of the world”.(作为一名第三文化孩子长大很艰难，但我无论如何都不会交换这段经历。它塑造了今天的我——一个真正的“世界公民”)”可知，第三文化孩子（TCKs）的经历充满冒险且有益处。故选D项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，并结合根据第二段“The truth is, most of us TCKs (Third Culture Kids) — a term coined to describe “children who move between cultures before they have had the opportunity to fully develop their personal and cultural identity” — had no choice growing up but to follow our parents around the world. We’d often be told, “Pack your bags, kids. We’re moving!” and in the blink of an eye, everything would change.(事实是，我们大多数第三文化孩子（TCKs）——这个术语被创造出来描述“在有机会充分发展个人和文化认同之前在不同文化之间移动的孩子”——在成长过程中别无选择，只能跟随父母环游世界。我们经常会被告知：“孩子们，收拾好你们的行李。我们要搬家了！”转眼间，一切都会改变)”和第三段“By the time I was 18, I had changed schools 10 times, moved countries at least 6 times, acquired a confusing accent, and developed both a love of travel and a desire for stability. Being an Indonesian-Italian, I often felt an identity crisis weighing on me in my teens.(等到18岁时，我已经换了10所学校，辗转了至少6个国家，口音变得不伦不类，既爱上了旅行，又渴望安稳。作为印尼与意大利混血，我在青少年时期常常深陷身份认同危机)”可知，文章围绕第三文化孩子（TCKs）的成长经历展开，介绍了他们童年的无奈、成长中的困惑以及这段经历带来的积极影响，核心是“作为第三文化孩子的成长过程”。结合选项，A项“Growing up as a TCK(作为第三文化孩子长大)”最适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 Passage 3 （2026·山东临沂·二模） In 1978, eight-year-old David Chiem and his family left Vietnam and arrived in Australia. He didn’t speak a word of English when he started school, but he picked it up quickly and topped his class that same year. At 14, Chiem starred in the Australian TV series Butterfly Island, becoming the first Asian-Australian to land a lead role on mainstream television. He became interested in acting and film-making and decided to study them — little knowing this would one day lead him to create an education empire. While learning film-making, Chiem realized something important: teachers often told students what to learn, but never how to learn. He wondered why so many kids struggled in school. He thought it might be because lessons didn’t truly interest them. He asked himself, “Instead of memorizing facts, why not teach children how to learn and help them become lifelong learners who love learning?” In 1998, Chiem started a research center in Sydney. He brought together experts in education, psychology, and brain science to develop the “3-Mind” learning model: the Champion Mind (never giving up), the Learning Mind (knowing how to learn), and the Creative Mind (coming up with new ideas). This approach helps children face challenges with curiosity and confidence. The first MindChamps preschool opened in Singapore in 2008 and was so popular that parents waited three months for a spot. Today, MindChamps has 39 preschools in Singapore and 81 across Australia, Myanmar, and Indonesia. Perhaps the greatest sign of success: over 70% of its franchisees (特许经营人) are parents of children who attend MindChamps schools. That’s real belief in a better way to learn. 1. What can we learn about David Chiem from the first two paragraphs? A. He had difficulty in learning English. B. He became a TV star quite by chance. C. His acting career inspired later business. D. He made the move for better education. 2. What did Chiem see as the main problem with traditional education? A. Children struggled in school. B. It stressed memorizing facts. C. Lessons were not challenging. D. It didn’t teach learning methods. 3. Which of the following best describe Chiem’s “3-Mind” model? A. Impractical. B. Demanding. C. Debatable. D. Innovative. 4. What does the high percentage of parents franchisees show? A. Parents have faith in the model. B. The schools are expanding quickly. C. Parents excel at making money. D. The model is favored by children. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 4. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了大卫·奇姆的经历。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“At 14, Chiem starred in the Australian TV series Butterfly Island, becoming the first Asian - Australian to land a lead role on mainstream television. He became interested in acting and film - making and decided to study them—little knowing this would one day lead him to create an education empire.(14岁时，奇姆主演了澳大利亚电视剧《蝴蝶岛》，成为首位在主流电视节目中担任主角的亚裔澳大利亚人。他对表演和电影制作产生了兴趣并决定学习这些——他当时不知道这有一天会引领他创建一个教育帝国)”可知，他的演艺经历激发了他后来在教育领域的商业活动，故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“While learning film-making, Chiem realized something important: teachers often told students what to learn, but never how to learn.(在学习电影制作时，奇姆意识到一件重要的事：老师们经常告诉学生学什么，但从不告诉他们怎么学)”可知，奇姆认为传统教育的主要问题是不教授学习方法，故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“He brought together experts in education, psychology, and brain science to develop the “3-Mind” learning model: the Champion Mind (never giving up), the Learning Mind (knowing how to learn), and the Creative Mind (coming up with new ideas).(他召集了教育、心理学和脑科学领域的专家，开发出“3 - Mind”学习模式：冠军思维（永不放弃）、学习思维（知道如何学习）和创新思维（提出新想法）)””可知，“3-Mind”学习模式融合多领域知识，提出新的学习理念，具有创新性，故选D项。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Perhaps the greatest sign of success: over 70% of its franchisees (特许经营人) are parents of children who attend MindChamps schools. That’s real belief in a better way to learn.(也许最大的成功标志是：超过70%的特许经营人是就读于MindChamps学校孩子的家长。这是对一种更好学习方式的真正信任)”可知，高比例的家长成为特许经营人表明家长对这种模式有信心，故选A项。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （2026·山东德州·二模） At 76, I’d long considered myself too set in my ways to try anything new. My life ran like a well-oiled machine, scheduled and safe. Every day followed the same simple routine without any unexpected changes. But my granddaughter’s simple question — “Grandma, when did you last do something that scared you?” — forced me to step outside my comfort zone and rethink my attitude towards life. Three old friends and I signed up for a weekend pottery workshop. I’d never touched clay in my life, and the thought of shaping it with my own trembling hands filled me with unease. On the first morning, our instructor encouraged us to give up perfection and embrace imperfection. She told us that mistakes in clay could always be repaired and turned into special beauty. I struggled to centre the clay on the wheel, my hands unskillful and awkward. More than once, the lump of earth twisted out of shape. Yet as the hours passed, something shifted. I stopped worrying about making a “good” pot and began to enjoy the quiet connection with the warm, damp clay. I focused on the gentle movement of my hands and the smooth feeling under my fingers. When my first rough bowl took shape, I felt a burst of pride I hadn’t known in decades. On the final day, we were asked to carve a single word into our work that represented what we’d gained. Most chose “joy” or “courage”. I carved “unfrozen”. To me, it meant letting go of the fear that I was too old to grow and daring to start a new journey. Our instructor looked at our creations and smiled. “You haven’t just made pots,” she said. “You’ve rewritten your own stories.” Those words stayed with me long after the workshop ended. I realized growth doesn’t retire with age; it only waits for the courage to begin again and discover a better self. 1. What made the author decide to take the pottery workshop? A. Her friends’ strong persuasion. B. Her granddaughter’s question. C. Her dream of making a bowl. D. Her hope to change her routine. 2. How did the author feel while making her first bowl? A. Anxious initially but proud later. B. Confident and calm all the way. C. Curious yet soon uninterested. D. Frustrated and discouraged halfway. 3. Why did the author carve “unfrozen” into her work? A. To show her love for pottery. B. To remember her granddaughter. C. To express her inner change. D. To praise the instructor’s help. 4. What can we infer from the text? A. Growth is still possible for the elderly. B. Perfection is the key to making good pots. C. The author was good at shaping clay at first. D. The instructor taught basic pottery skills quickly. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了76岁的作者受孙女的问题启发，走出舒适区参加陶艺工作坊，在制作陶器的过程中克服不安、重拾成长的勇气，最终领悟到成长不会随年龄止步的故事。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“But my granddaughter’s simple question — “Grandma, when did you last do something that scared you?” — forced me to step outside my comfort zone and rethink my attitude towards life.(但孙女那句简单的问题——“奶奶，你上一次做让自己害怕的事是什么时候？”——迫使我走出舒适区，重新思考自己对生活的态度。)”以及第二段“Three old friends and I signed up for a weekend pottery workshop.(我和三个老朋友报名参加了一个周末陶艺工作坊。)”可知，是孙女的问题让作者决定参加陶艺工作坊。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“I’d never touched clay in my life, and the thought of shaping it with my own trembling hands filled me with unease.(我这辈子从没碰过黏土，一想到要用自己颤抖的手塑形，我就满心不安。)”以及第三段“When my first rough bowl took shape, I felt a burst of pride I hadn’t known in decades.(当我第一个粗糙的碗成型时，我感受到了几十年来从未有过的自豪感。)”可知，作者一开始感到焦虑，后来则感到自豪。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“I carved “unfrozen”. To me, it meant letting go of the fear that I was too old to grow and daring to start a new journey.(我刻下了“解冻”。对我来说，它意味着放下“自己太老无法成长”的恐惧，敢于开启一段新的旅程。)”可知，作者刻下“unfrozen”是为了表达自己内心的转变。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“I realized growth doesn’t retire with age; it only waits for the courage to begin again and discover a better self.(我意识到成长不会随年龄退休，它只等待着重新开始、发现更好的自己的勇气。)”可知，老年人依然可以实现成长。 Passage 2 （2026·山东聊城·二模） When I was little, I would sit beside my dad as he painted. He told me that a cow, a meadow, or sunlight alone were ordinary, but when put together, they created magic. I understood what he was saying, but I’ve never felt what he was saying until one day when I was up in the sycamore tree (梧桐树) to secure a kite interlaced in the branches. It was a long way up, but I thought I’d give it a shot. I started climbing. Then I looked down. And suddenly I got dizzy and weak. I was miles off the ground! But the kite was still beyond my reach. I caught my breath and forced myself to concentrate on the kite as I climbed up. When the kite was fully liberated, I needed a minute to rest. That’s when the fear of being up so high began to lift, and in its place came the most amazing feeling that I was flying. Just soaring above the earth, sailing among the clouds. Then I began to notice how wonderful the breeze smelled. I couldn’t stop breathing it in, filling my lungs again and again with the sweetest smell I’d ever known. It wasn’t long before I wasn’t afraid of being up so high and found the spot that became my spot. I could sit there for hours, just looking out at the world. Sunsets were amazing. Some days they’d be purple and pink, some days they’d be a blazing orange, setting fire to clouds across the horizon. It was on a day like that when my father’s notion (观念) moved from my head to my heart. The view from my sycamore was more than rooftops and clouds and wind and colors combined. And I started marveling (惊奇) at how I was feeling both humble and majestic. How was that possible? How could I be so full of peace and full of wonder? It was magic. 1. What was the author’s intention of climbing up the sycamore tree? A. To get the kite home. B. To prove her courage. C. To unfasten the kite. D. To practice climbing skills. 2. How did the author feel about the climbing experience? A. Breathtaking but exhausting. B. Challenging but rewarding. C. Strange and unique. D. Shocking and touching. 3. Why did the author like being up high in the tree? A. Because the tree gave off a pleasant smell. B. Because she found inner fulfillment beyond views. C. Because she could catch the amazing sunsets. D. Because it could help her focus her mind. 4. What can we learn from the text? A. Combination towers over its components. B. Actions speak louder than words. C. Beautiful things don’t ask for attention. D. Practice makes perfect. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者小时候爬上梧桐树解开风筝的经历，以及这次经历如何让她理解了父亲关于组合产生魔法的观念。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“I understood what he was saying, but I’ve never felt what he was saying until one day when I was up in the sycamore tree (梧桐树) to secure a kite interlaced in the branches. (我明白他在说什么，但直到有一天，我站在梧桐树上，去取缠在树枝上的风筝，我才真正感受到他的意思。)”可知，作者爬上梧桐树的目的是解开缠在树枝上的风筝。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Then I looked down. And suddenly I got dizzy and weak. (然后我往下看。突然我感到头晕和虚弱。)”以及第三段“When the kite was fully liberated, I needed a minute to rest. That’s when the fear of being up so high began to lift, and in its place came the most amazing feeling that I was flying. (当风筝完全被解开时，我需要休息一分钟。就在那时，对如此高的恐惧开始消散，取而代之的是一种惊人的感觉，我感觉自己在飞翔。)”可知，这次攀爬经历充满挑战，但作者最终获得了飞翔般的奇妙感受，因此是有挑战性但有回报的。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The view from my sycamore was more than rooftops and clouds and wind and colors combined. (从我的梧桐树上看到的景色不仅仅是屋顶、云朵、风和色彩的结合。)”以及最后一段“And I started marveling (惊奇) at how I was feeling both humble and majestic. How was that possible? How could I be so full of peace and full of wonder? It was magic. (我开始惊叹于自己既感到谦卑又感到崇高的感觉。这怎么可能呢？我怎么能如此充满平静和惊奇呢？这是魔法。)”可知，作者喜欢待在树上的高处，是因为她在这里找到了超越景色的内心满足。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“He told me that a cow, a meadow, or sunlight alone were ordinary, but when put together, they created magic. (他告诉我，一头牛、一片草地或阳光本身都很普通，但当它们组合在一起时，就会创造出魔法。)”以及全文内容可知，文章通过作者在梧桐树上的经历，传达了组合的力量大于其组成部分的观念。 Passage 3 （2026·山东肥城·二模） I am one of those people who has two left feet. It is so bad, I can’t even do a basketball lay-up, which really discouraged me from playing the game as a kid. I can’t dance, either. I am such a bad dancer, I made my wife agree I wouldn’t have to dance as part of our wedding. But show me a lawn (草坪) that needs mowing (修剪) and something magical happens. It doesn’t matter if I am on an old-fashioned mower, I feel it! A pattern forms in my mind and I am ready to dance. As a consequence, our front lawn has featured Olympic rings, huge hearts, even a herringbone pattern where I changed the tilt (斜度) on the mower at the end of each row. It looked great, but was too much work to do again. Last fall, we let the back lawn grow and I mowed in winding paths. I am not much of an artist, but our lawns have become my special creation. I am not sure everyone in the family likes the look. I hope calling them grass fields will convince my wife to let me keep them. My mowing habit was featured in the John Deere dealers’ magazine many years back. Actually, twice. The photographers had to stand on tall ladders to get a decent shot. Lawn paths and patterns look great and are fun to create. If you can, cooperate with your neighbors and create a really nice look for the whole neighborhood — circular patterns around trees or street-wide stripes are great options. I urge all readers to give a couple of patterns a try over the next few weeks. Doing so might very well end lawn mowing a tiring job and add a bit of fun to our everyday travels. 1. What can we learn about the author from the first paragraph? A. He has an unusual body shape. B. He once played basketball well. C. He shows great talent in dancing. D. He is awkward in physical activities. 2. What does the author do when he sees a lawn that needs mowing? A. He urges to dance on it wildly. B. He wants to touch it personally. C. He is tired of the old-fashioned mower. D. He feels a creative idea coming to him. 3. How did the author’s mowing habit get recognized? A. His family all spoke highly of his creation. B. His neighbors came to cooperate with him. C. It was reported in a magazine many years ago. D. Photographers took pictures of him while mowing. 4. What message does the text convey? A. Mowing lawns is an art requiring practice. B. Creation can make boring tasks enjoyable. C. Gardening is helpful for improving sports ability. D. Unique lawn patterns can bring neighbors together. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者不擅长体育活动，但擅长修剪草坪并创造各种图案，认为创作能让无聊的工作变得有趣。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“I am one of those people who has two left feet. It is so bad, I can’t even do a basketball lay-up, which really discouraged me from playing the game as a kid. I can’t dance, either.(我是那种笨手笨脚的人之一。情况太糟糕了，我甚至不能完成篮球上篮，这真的让我在小时候就不想玩这个游戏了。我也不会跳舞。)”可知，作者在体育活动中很笨拙。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“But show me a lawn (草坪) that needs mowing (修剪) and something magical happens. It doesn’t matter if I am on an old-fashioned mower, I feel it! A pattern forms in my mind and I am ready to dance.(但是给我看一块需要修剪的草坪，神奇的事情就会发生。不管我用的是不是老式割草机，我都能感觉到！一个图案在我脑海中形成，我准备跳舞了。)”可知，当作者看到需要修剪的草坪时，他感到一个创造性的想法涌上心头。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“My mowing habit was featured in the John Deere dealers’ magazine many years back. Actually, twice.(多年以前，我的修剪习惯被刊登在约翰迪尔经销商杂志上。事实上，两次。)”可知，作者的修剪习惯在多年前被杂志报道过，因此得到了认可。故选C。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段“I urge all readers to give a couple of patterns a try over the next few weeks. Doing so might very well end lawn mowing a tiring job and add a bit of fun to our everyday travels.(我敦促所有读者在未来几周内尝试一些图案。这样做可能会让修剪草坪不再是一项累人的工作，为我们的日常出行增添一些乐趣。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者不擅长体育活动，但擅长修剪草坪并创造各种图案，认为创作能让无聊的工作变得有趣。故选B。 Passage 4 （2026·山东滨州·二模） If I hadn't been a struggling violinist, I might have never become a writer. In fourth grade, my school had an orchestra program, and I eagerly signed up to learn the violin with my friend Irene. We both loved the idea of being in the orchestra and walked together to our music lessons every week. Our orchestra teacher, Mr. Baumgartner, was strict. He told us that if we damaged our instruments, we'd be kicked out of the program because the school couldn't afford replacements. Unfortunately, I wasn't very good at the violin. One day, while practicing, the bridge of my violin flew off and the strings broke. Scared of Mr. Baumgartner's reaction, I tried to fix it myself with some glue. But when he saw my crooked bridge, he told me I couldn't be in the orchestra anymore. Instead, he suggested I join the glee club. I switched to the glee club and found I enjoyed singing with others, even though I didn't have a great voice. Later, the junior high chorus held auditions for the All City Honor Chorus, and I was one of only five girls from my school to audition. Because of this, I made the chorus. After a performance, my English teacher asked if anyone in the chorus wanted to write an article for the school newspaper. For some reason, I raised my hand. I loved reading, but I had never thought about writing before. However, when I saw my name and words in print, I knew I wanted to write more. The next year, I became the editor of the school newspaper. I realized that writing was my true passion. Looking back, I understand that if I hadn't broken my violin and joined the glee club, I might never have discovered my love for writing. Years later, I saw Irene at a reunion. She told me she had become a professional violinist in Australia. I thought, "That could have been me." But Mr. Baumgartner’s decision led me to a different path—one filled with words and stories. I'm grateful for that turn in my life and for Mr. Baumgartner's unexpected guidance. 1. What caused the author to leave the school orchestra? A. She lost interest in playing the violin. B. She wanted to join the glee club instead. C. She damaged her violin and failed to repair it properly. D. Her friend Irene became much better than her. 2. What was the initial result of the author joining the glee club? A. She immediately discovered her talent for singing. B. She was selected for a city-wide honor chorus. C. She decided to become a professional singer. D. She started writing articles for the newspaper. 3. How did the author feel when she first saw her writing published? A. Surprised but indifferent. B. Proud and determined to continue. C. Regretful about her past choices. D. Nervous about others’ opinions. 4. What is the main message the author wants to convey? A. Failure in one area can lead to success in another. B. Strict teachers are essential for student development. C. Childhood friendships can shape our future careers. D. Natural talent is more important than hard work. 【答案】1.C 2. C 3. B 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者回忆了童年时因不擅长小提琴且意外损坏乐器，被严厉的音乐老师要求离开乐队，转而加入合唱团的经历。这一看似挫折的转变，却连锁反应般地让她通过合唱团获得了为校报写作的机会，最终发现了自己对写作的真正热情。通过多年后与成为小提琴家的朋友的对比，作者感慨并感激这次意外的人生转向。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段与第三段的描述，“One day, while practicing, the bridge of my violin flew off and the strings broke.”以及“Scared of Mr. Baumgartner's reaction, I tried to fix it myself with some glue. But when he saw my crooked bridge, he told me I couldn't be in the orchestra anymore.”可知，作者离开学校管弦乐队是因为她损坏了小提琴并且自己未能妥善修复。选项A“她对拉小提琴失去兴趣”文中未提及；选项B“她想加入合唱团”是老师在她被乐队除名后的建议，并非原因；选项D“她的朋友艾琳比她好得多”文中无依据。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容，“Later, the junior high chorus held auditions for the All City Honor Chorus, and I was one of only five girls from my school to audition. Because of this, I made the chorus.”可知，作者加入合唱团后，最初的直接成果是她成功入选了“全城荣誉合唱团”。选项A“她立刻发现了歌唱天赋”与原文“even though I didn’t have a great voice”矛盾；选项C“她决定成为一名专业歌手”属于无中生有；选项D“她开始为报纸写文章”是后续事件，并非加入合唱团的“最初”结果。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段最后一句“However, when I saw my name and words in print, I knew I wanted to write more.”可知，当作者第一次看到自己的文字被印刷出来时，她产生了想要继续写作的强烈愿望，这体现了她内心的自豪和坚定。选项A“惊讶但冷漠”与文意相反；选项C“对过去的选择后悔”与全文感恩的基调不符；选项D“担心别人的看法”文中未体现。故选B。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通览全文，作者的核心经历是：在拉小提琴上遭遇失败（损坏乐器、被乐队除名），却因此被迫转向合唱团，并意外地通过合唱团发现了自己对于写作的热爱与才能，最终找到了人生方向。文章结尾的感慨与对比，更是强化了“一个领域的失败可能开启另一领域的成功之门”这一主题。选项A准确地概括了这一人生启示。选项B“严格的老师对学生发展至关重要”只是故事中的一个元素，并非核心主旨；选项C“童年友谊塑造未来职业”夸大了朋友的作用；选项D“天赋比努力更重要”并非作者想传达的信息。故选A。 Passage 5 （2026·山东威海·二模） When Michelle Jackson retired at 56, she felt as if a door had suddenly closed. After decades as an engineer designing high-speed trains for British Rail, the once-busy rhythm of meetings, deadlines, and projects was gone. The silence that followed felt heavier than she had expected. “What am I going to do now?” she asked herself, faced with long days and too much quiet time. Luckily, five years later, she found her answer. At 61, Michelle picked up her first camera, determined to learn something entirely new. As a beginner, she joined a local walking and photography group, often spending hours outdoors experimenting with settings she barely understood at first. She also signed up for online courses in photography and Photoshop, insisting, “If I’m going to do something, I’ll do it properly.” Michelle always loved nature. In her twenties, she hiked long distances such as the 268-mile Pennine Way in northern England. Yet back then, she never thought of bringing a camera. Only after retirement did she realize that photography could preserve what had always touched her: the quiet wonder of wild places and animals. Her hearing loss, which once pushed her into retirement, has sharpened her vision. She notes that the weakening of one sense can strengthen another. This heightened perception, coupled with great patience, allows her to tolerate long waits in nature — whether for seabirds to form a heart with their heads or for a deer to enter the twilight. Now in her mid-60s, Michelle has won national and international awards. She spends at least 20 hours a week in the field, hiding under nets for cover or lying in wet grass, always ready for the excitement of the unexpected. Yet for her, success is not measured by awards. “Each time I see an animal appear,” she says, “my heart races. If you truly seek them, you will find them.” 1. What pushed Michelle to take up photography? A. Her interest in online courses. B. Her sudden hearing loss. C. Her emptiness after retirement. D. Her thirst for expanding her social circle. 2. How does hearing loss influence Michelle? A. It enhances her ability to see. B. It causes her lots of problems in daily life. C. It enriches her knowledge about wild animals. D. It deepens her understanding of human-nature relationship. 3. What does Michelle probably think of the awards she has earned? A. They have helped her gain wide recognition. B. They bring motivation for her to keep taking photos. C. They fail to compare with the joy of spotting wild animals. D. They are a silent witness to her progress in photography. 4. What message does Michelle’s story deliver? A. Well begun is half done. B. Age is no limit to passion. C. Nature is the best medicine. D. Failure is the mother of success. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述米歇尔·杰克逊退休后因生活空虚接触摄影，凭借对自然的热爱和耐心深耕，虽受听力损伤影响却精进视觉感知，最终斩获摄影奖项，领悟生活真谛的故事。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When Michelle Jackson retired at 56, she felt as if a door had suddenly closed.(米歇尔·杰克逊56岁退休时，感觉一扇门突然关上了。)”以及“The silence that followed felt heavier than she had expected. ‘What am I going to do now?’ she asked herself, faced with long days and too much quiet time.(随之而来的寂静比她预想的更沉重。“我现在要做什么？”面对漫长的日子和过多的安静时光，她自言自语)”及第二段首句“Luckily, five years later, she found her answer. At 61, Michelle picked up her first camera, determined to learn something entirely new.(幸运的是，五年后，她找到了答案。61岁时，米歇尔拿起了她的第一台相机，决心学习一些全新的东西)”可知，退休后的空虚感促使米歇尔开始接触摄影。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Her hearing loss, which once pushed her into retirement, has sharpened her vision. She notes that the weakening of one sense can strengthen another.(曾经迫使她退休的听力损伤，反而敏锐了她的视觉。她指出，一种感官的减弱会增强另一种感官)”可知，听力损伤提升了米歇尔的视觉能力。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Yet for her, success is not measured by awards. “Each time I see an animal appear,” she says, “my heart races. If you truly seek them, you will find them.”(然而对她来说，成功不是用奖项来衡量的。“每次看到动物出现，”她说，“我的心都会怦怦直跳。如果你真心去寻找它们，你就会找到它们。”)”可推断，米歇尔认为奖项远不及发现野生动物时的喜悦有价值。故选C项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述米歇尔56岁退休后陷入空虚，61岁才开始接触摄影这一全新领域，凭借热爱和坚持在六十多岁斩获国内外奖项，打破了年龄对追求热爱的限制。她的故事传递出“年龄不是激情的阻碍”。故选B项。 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （2026·山东济南·二模） Maya Martinez, a high school senior living in a fog-covered coastal village in North California, noticed that the community garden was gradually drying up during the driest summer on record. While the villagers remained helpless, Maya chose to spend her afternoons carefully observing the thick mist that rolled in from the sea. Maya had already identified a critical fault in traditional fog-collecting mesh nets (网状网): they frequently became blocked by the very water drops they caught, which severely reduced their effectiveness. Digging deeper into solutions, Maya found a novel device designed by two scientists — the “Fog Harp (竖琴)”. Maya decided to use the handy materials to create her own “Fog Harp”. At first, neighbors watched the process with doubt as she strung hundreds of thin, upright wires across a solid wooden frame. To them, the setup looked no more than “a giant musical instrument” that only produced useless sounds in the cold coastal wind. Little did they know this simple-looking setup would soon prove surprisingly effective. The remarkable efficiency of Maya’s Fog Harp lies in its clever use of gravity. In a traditional mesh net, tiny water drops get easily trapped within the small square gaps, which stop further collection. This occurs because the surface tension — the invisible, stretchy “skin” of liquid water — is too strong for the small drops to overcome. In Maya’s Fog Harp, by contrast, water drops hit the wires and slowly combine into larger drops. Most importantly, with no cross wires to hold these larger drops in place, gravity easily overcomes surface tension, allowing the water to slide effortlessly down the wires and collect in a tank below. Of course, the project faced its share of setbacks. During one severe coastal storm, the extreme wind tore through the wooden frame. Yet, instead of giving in to despair, she immediately set out to fix the problem by reinforcing the entire structure with durable steel wires. By the time autumn arrived, Maya’s “Fog Harps” were reliably producing plenty of fresh water every day, partly meeting the daily water needs of the village. 1. Why did Maya observe the thick mist in her afternoons? A. To predict the weather conditions. B. To clarify the reasons for drought. C. To check the efficiency of the mesh nets. D. To work out a solution to water shortage. 2. What can we know about Maya’s “Fog Harp”? A. It was a musical instrument. B. It invited villagers’ acid words. C. It presented an inborn fault. D. It featured a solid metal frame. 3. What is the key for Maya’s Fog Harp to function well? A. Its upright-wire design. B. Its mesh-net structure. C. Its weak surface tension. D. Its resistance to gravity. 4. What can we learn from Maya’s story? A. Look before you leap. B. Better late than never. C. Think outside the box. D. Time waits for no man. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了北加利福尼亚一个沿海村庄的高中生玛雅·马丁内斯面对村庄干旱问题，通过观察海雾，发明了“雾竖琴”来收集淡水，解决了村庄部分用水需求的故事。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Maya Martinez, a high school senior living in a fog-covered coastal village in North California, noticed that the community garden was gradually drying up during the driest summer on record. While the villagers remained helpless, Maya chose to spend her afternoons carefully observing the thick mist that rolled in from the sea.(玛雅·马丁内斯是北加利福尼亚一个被雾笼罩的沿海村庄的一名高中生，她注意到在有记录以来最干旱的夏天，社区花园正在逐渐干涸。当村民们束手无策时，玛雅选择花下午的时间仔细观察从海上滚滚而来的浓雾)”可知，玛雅观察浓雾是为了找出解决缺水问题的方法。故选D项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“At first, neighbors watched the process with doubt as she strung hundreds of thin, upright wires across a solid wooden frame. To them, the setup looked no more than “a giant musical instrument” that only produced useless sounds in the cold coastal wind.(起初，当她在一块结实的木架上挂上数百根细长的竖线时，邻居们怀疑地看着这个过程。对他们来说，这个装置看起来不过是一把“巨大的乐器”，在寒冷的海风中只能发出无用的声音)”可知，邻居们对玛雅的“雾竖琴”持怀疑态度，甚至用酸言酸语来形容它。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“In Maya’s Fog Harp, by contrast, water drops hit the wires and slowly combine into larger drops. Most importantly, with no cross wires to hold these larger drops in place, gravity easily overcomes surface tension, allowing the water to slide effortlessly down the wires and collect in a tank below.(相比之下，在玛雅的雾竖琴中，水滴撞击电线，慢慢合并成更大的水滴。最重要的是，由于没有交叉的电线来固定这些较大的水滴，重力很容易克服表面张力，使水毫不费力地沿着电线滑下，并收集在下面的水箱中)”可知，玛雅的雾竖琴的关键在于其直立电线的设计，使得水滴能够顺利滑下并被收集。故选A项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，结合第二段中“Maya had already identified a critical fault in traditional fog-collecting mesh nets (网状网): they frequently became blocked by the very water drops they caught, which severely reduced their effectiveness. Digging deeper into solutions, Maya found a novel device designed by two scientists — the “Fog Harp (竖琴)”.(玛雅已经发现了传统雾收集网的一个关键缺陷：它们经常被捕获的水滴堵塞，这严重降低了它们的有效性。深入挖掘解决方案后，玛雅发现了两位科学家设计的一种新型装置——“雾竖琴”)”可知，玛雅没有受传统方法的限制，而是通过观察和思考，发明了新的雾收集装置，这体现了“跳出常规思维”的精神。故选C项。 Passage 2 （2026·山东日照·二模） In what would become one of her last interviews, Jane sat with a faded photograph in her hands. The image showed the baby Jane holding her first birthday gift from her father — a stuffed chimpanzee Jubilee. “My mother’s friends were horrified by this toy, thinking it would frighten me and give me nightmares,” she recalled. Instead, it led to her sense of wonder about the world and changed humankind’s understanding of animals. Her fascination with Africa began not long after she learned to read. She discovered Dr. Doolittle at eight, and Tarzan and the Apes by ten. It was then that she announced she was going to grow up, go to Africa, live with wild animals, and write books about them. This was in 1944, when World War II was raging and the idea of women as professionals “just wasn’t on the table.” London-born Jane always credited her parents — businessman Mortimer Herbert and novelist Margaret Joseph — for their support. When other children teased her unusual dream, her mother reassured her: true dreams demand tireless work, seizing opportunity, and never giving in to doubt. This firm belief became her life’s foundation. A memory from age four captures this: she had disappeared for four hours, causing considerable concern, only to be discovered sitting contentedly in the henhouse, absorbed in watching the hens and wondering where their eggs came from. Instead of scolding her, her mother saw the profound wonder in her daughter’s eyes. Her work defined her life — right up to the end. Despite her advanced age Jane traveled 300 days a year, delivering talks to students, scientists, and academics. She was on a speaking tour in the U.S. when she departed this life recently in her sleep at a hotel in Los Angeles. Tributes (颂词) flooded in from far and wide. “Jane’s work on primates and the importance of conservation opened the doors for generations of women in science,” Barack Obama said. Prince William praised her “infinite curiosity, compassion, and pioneering spirit. She challenged us all to make a difference and inspired me and countless others to work to protect our planet.” 1. Why is the toy Jubilee mentioned? A. It shows the fears it created in her childhood. B. It highlights its inspiring role in her life. C. It justifies her bond with family social circle. D. It functions as her first scientific subject. 2. What does “wasn’t on the table” suggest in paragraph 2? A. Wildlife study was unsuitable for women. B. Scientific practice was set under the table. C. Society could accommodate girls' ambition. D. Female scientists were less acknowledged. 3. What quality did Jane get from her family education? A. Boundless curiosity and persistence. B. Strong ambition and competitiveness. C. A creative and imaginative mindset. D. A gentle and caring heart for creatures. 4. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To launch a pioneering campaign. B. To introduce a promising career. C. To remember a guardian of nature. D. To awaken a passion for wildlife. 【答案】1.B 2. A 3. A 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了动物学家简·古道尔的生平，包括童年玩具带来的启发、追梦历程、家庭支持、毕生的科研与环保工作，以及她对后世的深远影响。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The image showed the baby Jane holding her first birthday gift from her father — a stuffed chimpanzee Jubilee. “My mother’s friends were horrified by this toy, thinking it would frighten me and give me nightmares,” she recalled. Instead, it led to her sense of wonder about the world and changed humankind’s understanding of animals.(照片上，婴儿时期的简抱着父亲送的第一个生日礼物——一只毛绒黑猩猩朱比利。“我母亲的朋友们都很害怕这个玩具，认为它会吓到我，让我做噩梦，”她回忆道。相反，它激发了她对世界的好奇心，并改变了人类对动物的理解。)”可知，玩具朱比利并未如他人担忧的那样吓到简，反而激发了她的好奇心，对她的人生产生了重要启发。故选B项。 【2题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“It was then that she announced she was going to grow up, go to Africa, live with wild animals, and write books about them. This was in 1944, when World War II was raging and the idea of women as professionals “just wasn’t on the table.”(就在那时，她宣布自己长大后要去非洲，和野生动物生活在一起，并写关于它们的书。那是在1944年，第二次世界大战正激烈进行，女性成为专业人士的想法“根本不在考虑范围内”。)”可知，简在1944年提出要从事野生动物研究的职业理想，而当时的社会背景下，女性成为专业人士的想法不被接受，即“野生动物研究不适合女性”。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When other children teased her unusual dream, her mother reassured her: true dreams demand tireless work, seizing opportunity, and never giving in to doubt. This firm belief became her life’s foundation. A memory from age four captures this: she had disappeared for four hours, causing considerable concern, only to be discovered sitting contentedly in the henhouse, absorbed in watching the hens and wondering where their eggs came from.(当其他孩子嘲笑她不寻常的梦想时，她的母亲安慰她：真正的梦想需要不懈的努力、抓住机会，永远不要向怀疑屈服。这个坚定的信念成为了她人生的基础。一段四岁时的回忆体现了这一点：她消失了四个小时，引起了极大的担忧，结果发现她心满意足地坐在鸡舍里，全神贯注地看着母鸡，想知道它们的蛋是从哪里来的。)”可知，简从家庭教育中获得了“不懈坚持”和“无限好奇心”。故选A项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Her work defined her life — right up to the end. Despite her advanced age Jane traveled 300 days a year, delivering talks to students, scientists, and academics. She was on a speaking tour in the U.S. when she departed this life recently in her sleep at a hotel in Los Angeles.(她的工作定义了她的一生——直到生命的尽头。尽管年事已高，简每年仍旅行300天，向学生、科学家和学者们发表演讲。最近，她在美国进行巡回演讲时，在洛杉矶的一家酒店睡觉时与世长辞。)”以及第五段中的“Tributes flooded in from far and wide. “Jane’s work on primates and the importance of conservation opened the doors for generations of women in science,” Barack Obama said. Prince William praised her “infinite curiosity, compassion, and pioneering spirit. She challenged us all to make a difference and inspired me and countless others to work to protect our planet.”(来自四面八方的颂词如潮水般涌来。巴拉克·奥巴马说：“简在灵长类动物研究和环境保护重要性方面的工作，为一代又一代的女性科学家打开了大门。”威廉王子称赞她“拥有无限的好奇心、同情心和开拓精神。她激励我们所有人做出改变，也鼓舞着我和无数人致力于保护我们的星球。”)”可知，文章详细回顾了简·古道尔毕生致力于灵长类动物研究与环保事业的事迹，以及她去世后获得的广泛赞誉，所以本文的目的是缅怀这位伟大的自然守护者。故选C项。 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （2026·山东胶州·二模） Have you ever obeyed the suggestions of a digital writing assistant to replace a word or restructure a sentence? Before the appearance of digital tools, you’d probably have turned to a dictionary for the same assistance. Dictionaries enable us to write not with fail-safe convenience but with originality and a point of view. While AI assistants produce phrases and statements so writers don’t have to think them up, dictionaries provide us with the knowledge to use language ourselves in expressive and potentially infinite (无穷的) ways. They place choice and authority literally in human hands, forcing us to discover how we want to explain ourselves and our ideas to the world. The abundance of digital writing assistants gives greater urgency to debates about what a dictionary should be. In 1946, George Orwell described good writing as “picking out words for the sake of their meaning,” a practice that dictionaries facilitate while digital writing programs stifle. Writers consulting a dictionary make a choice, while writers guided by an app have their choices made for them. The digital-native approach delivers hands-off, derivative (衍生的) communication. The other requires leafing through pages without knowing exactly where you’ll end up. Without dictionaries to provide us with a guide to English’s potential, writing that way is nearly impossible. Our ability to express ourselves is critical — it helps us define who we are. Dictionaries aid us in achieving this: They categorize our unique ways of thinking through language. I’m a Canadian; my feeling of pride in my native land is enhanced by small verbal Canadianisms like “eaves trough” or “serviette”, which are well-documented in dictionaries but rarely used by AI chatbots, for the most part. As digital writing extends deeper into our lives and minds, we need dictionaries more than ever. Abandoning dictionaries and embracing mechanized writing would weaken our capacity for collective identity quite as much as the ability to express ourselves. 1. What might be a distinct feature of dictionaries according to the author? A. They promise fail-safe phrases. B. They possess academic authority. C. They facilitate creative writing. D. They provide ready-made expressions. 2. What does the underlined word “stifle” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Favor. B. Revise. C. Observe. D. Discourage. 3. Why does the author mention “eaves trough” and “serviette” in paragraph 4? A. To show how AI aids us in expressing. B. To indicate the weakness of dictionaries. C. To celebrate the diversity of Canadian English. D. To illustrate how language use affects identity. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Why Keep Your Dictionary? B. How to Deal with Digital Writing? C. Who Uses Writing Assistants? D. What to Expect from Dictionaries? 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 4. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过对比数字写作助手和字典指出，在数字写作普及的当下，字典对保留写作原创性、塑造身份认同有不可替代的作用，最后点明我们比以往更需要字典。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Dictionaries enable us to write not with fail-safe convenience but with originality and a point of view.(词典让我们写作时并非依靠万无一失的便捷，而是能够展现独特性和观点)”可知，字典能帮助我们写出有原创性的内容。故选C。 【2题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词前“a practice that dictionaries facilitate(字典促进这种做法)”和“while”表示的对比关系可知，stifle和facilitate含义相反，即“抑制、阻碍”，选项中discourage“阻拦、使气馁”意思一致。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。第四段开头“Our ability to express ourselves is critical — it helps us define who we are. Dictionaries aid us in achieving this: They categorize our unique ways of thinking through language.(我们表达自我的能力至关重要——它帮助我们定义自己是谁。词典有助于我们实现这一目标：它们通过语言将我们独特的思维方式进行分类)”点明观点：表达自我的能力帮助我们定义自身身份，字典能帮我们保留独有的语言表达。下文“I’m a Canadian; my feeling of pride in my native land is enhanced by small verbal Canadianisms like “eaves trough” or “serviette”, which are well-documented in dictionaries but rarely used by AI chatbots, for the most part.(我是加拿大人；我对祖国的自豪感因一些小小的加拿大式词汇而得到增强，比如“檐沟”或“餐巾纸”，这些词汇在词典中有详细记载，但在大多数情况下，人工智能聊天机器人很少使用它们)”作者举这两个加拿大特有的词汇，是为了说明：这类特有语言能增强本土身份认同感，即语言使用会影响个人/群体身份。故选D。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段“As digital writing extends deeper into our lives and minds, we need dictionaries more than ever. Abandoning dictionaries and embracing mechanized writing would weaken our capacity for collective identity quite as much as the ability to express ourselves.(随着数字写作深入我们的生活和思维，我们对词典的需求比以往任何时候都更加迫切。放弃词典而转向机械化写作，将同等程度地削弱我们建立集体认同的能力和表达自我的能力)”可知，全文对比数字写作助手和字典，层层论述：在数字写作普及的当下，字典对保留写作原创性、塑造身份认同有不可替代的作用，结尾点明我们比以往更需要字典。由此可知，A项“为什么要保留字典？”适合作本文标题。故选A。 Passage 2 （2026·山东东营·二模） I have struggled with speaking English since learning it as a second language at 27. Early in my teaching career, students complained about my accent, and my department chair once summed up my performance: Dr. Sun was a good teacher, but he had an accent. Even my children urged me to try harder. “Anything can be done,” they insisted. The unspoken accusation was clear: If I still sounded foreign, I wasn’t trying hard enough. What neither of them knew was that biology had already cast the die. There is a term for the firm influence of one’s mother tongue: imprinting, an early, mostly unchangeable form of learning. The idea first entered science through the brilliance of Konrad Lorenz, who famously persuaded newly hatched goslings to follow him as if he were their mother. At the time, imprinting was mostly treated as an animal curiosity. Its deeper relevance to humans took longer to sink in. Decades of research since then have reinforced the point. Human brains pass through a critical period for language acquisition. During childhood, neural (神经的) circuits are finely tuned to absorb sounds and accents. Later, those circuits become less flexible, not because adults are lazy, but because gene expression changes with age. This is why children can pick up a new language without an accent, while adults, no matter how dedicated, cannot. I stopped fighting this biological limit and focused on areas imprinting does not control: word choice, sentence structure and rhythm. Something unexpected happened – my English writing improved greatly, and I even began writing books in English. Biology does not write our future, but it does draw boundaries. That is why we abandon many childhood dreams: basketball for being too short, soccer for starting too late. Ignoring them, we trip up. Understanding them, we can work around them. The best kind of confidence is not the belief that you can do anything. It is the wisdom to know what you cannot do, and the discipline to stop wasting precious time trying to prove otherwise. 1. What did the author’s children accuse him of? A. Showing off his pronunciation. B. Not trying hard to drop his accent. C. Speaking with an accent in class. D. Refusing to learn standard English. 2. What does the underlined phrase “cast the die” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Delayed the process. B. Unlocked the potential. C. Improved the situation. D. Determined the outcome. 3. What makes it hard for adults to learn a foreign language without an accent? A. Mental laziness. B. Learning habits. C. Biological changes. D. Genetic patterns. 4. What does the author intend to tell us? A. Play to your strengths. B. It’s never too late to learn. C. Practice makes perfect. D. Early bird catches the worm. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【导语】作者讲述自己成年后学英语难改口音的经历，介绍母语印记的科学原理，告诉我们要认清自身局限、扬长避短。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The unspoken accusation was clear: If I still sounded foreign, I wasn’t trying hard enough.(这种无声的指责很明显：如果我说话仍然有外国口音，就是我不够努力)”可知，作者的孩子们指责他没有努力改掉口音。 【2题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“There is a term for the firm influence of one’s mother tongue: imprinting, an early, mostly unchangeable form of learning. (母语带来的这种根深蒂固的影响有一个专业术语：印记效应，这是一种早期形成、基本无法改变的学习形式)”可知，母语对人的语言习惯有早期且几乎不可改变的固定影响，因此划线词所在句子表示“生理条件早已决定了结果”。cast the die表示“决定结果”。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Later, those circuits become less flexible, not because adults are lazy, but because gene expression changes with age.(后来，这些神经回路变得不那么灵活，不是因为成年人懒惰，而是因为基因表达会随着年龄发生变化)”可知，生理方面的变化导致成年人学外语很难没有口音。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Understanding them, we can work around them. The best kind of confidence is not the belief that you can do anything. It is the wisdom to know what you cannot do.(看清局限，我们就能扬长避短。最好的自信不是无所不能，而是认清自己做不到的事)”可知，作者想告诉我们要发挥自身优势，避开短板。 Passage 3 （2026·山东菏泽·二模） Between Durban and Pietermaritzburg in South Africa, a 55-mile Comrades Marathon is unfolding with nine medals, each tied to a strict time limit. Hundreds of runners may fall short even after giving their all, yet they remain excited, proud, and eager to return next year. This scene stands as the most authentic reflection of the “paradox (悖论) of effort”. First coined by University of Toronto psychologist Michael Inzlicht, the concept refers to a seemingly contradictory human tendency that we often pursue things not for ease, but precisely because their difficulty draws us in. Inzlicht and his team credit this persistence to two main factors: first, rewards are more valued because of the effort put in; second, effort itself functions as its own reward. When we invest heavily in something without getting equal returns, we tend to convince ourselves that “the result is worth it.” Over time, like Pavlov’s dogs responding to a bell, we gradually relate effort to positive outcomes. A new study published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: General in 2025 further uncovered the mystery of the paradox of effort. When considering the future, participants assigned greater value to cash than to mugs (马克杯) that required climbing stairs to obtain, but after actually completing the stair-climbing task, they raised the value of the mugs due to the effort invested. Behind this hides a general principle of timing: future effort takes the shine off the appeal, but past effort gives a brilliance to perceived value. The shift in value perception, however, relies on a critical balance between “within reach” and “out of sight”. While people like something more as it gets more challenging, this appeal fades when it becomes overly difficult. That’s why the marathon has different medals: everyone needs a goal that feels possible with a little extra effort. The paradox of effort never encourages blind suffering; instead, true value often emerges from those “optimal challenges”. Neither should you shy away from toil and trouble, nor should you chase hardship for hardship’s sake. Just as Inzlicht said, “It’s the struggle within the right bounds that fulfills your life and brings lasting happiness.” 1. What does the Comrades Marathon suggest? A. Failure can be a source of pride. B. Strict rules boost participants’ passion. C. Difficulty can be a motivator. D. Physical endurance ensures final success. 2. Which of the following best reflects the factors behind the “paradox of effort”? A. A chef uses pre-made meals for instant profits. B. A researcher abandons project despite potential gains. C. A shopper values self-crafted items over finished ones. D. A student jumps to quick conclusions without thinking. 3. What does the 2025 study show about the “paradox of effort”? A. Future task elevates financial appeal. B. Stair-climbing devalues invested effort. C. Past effort reduces mug’s value. D. Effort shifts perception of its value. 4. What does Inzlicht advise about effort? A. Seek maximum difficulty. B. Bear unnecessary hardship. C. Embrace attainable challenge. D. Pursue effortless happiness. 【答案】1.C 2. C 3. D 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要阐释“努力悖论”的概念、成因及相关研究，点明适度挑战才能带来持久价值。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Hundreds of runners may fall short even after giving their all, yet they remain excited, proud, and eager to return next year. (数以百计的跑步者即便拼尽全力仍未达标，却依旧兴奋、自豪，渴望来年再战)”以及第二段中对“努力悖论”的定义“we often pursue things not for ease, but precisely because their difficulty draws us in (我们追求事物往往不是为了安逸，而是恰恰因其难度而被吸引)”可知，马拉松的例子表明困难可以成为一种驱动力。故选C项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Inzlicht and his team credit this persistence to two main factors: first, rewards are more valued because of the effort put in; second, effort itself functions as its own reward.(因兹利希及其研究团队将这种坚持不懈的精神归因于两大主要因素：其一，因付出了努力，回报会被赋予更高的价值；其二，努力本身就是一种回报)”可知，“努力悖论”的两个核心因素：一是付出的努力会让回报更有价值；二是努力本身就是一种回报。选项C“购物者更看重手工制作的物品而非成品”，体现了因为投入了劳动（努力），所以物品的价值在购物者心中被提升，符合“努力悖论”的内涵。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When considering the future, participants assigned greater value to cash than to mugs (马克杯) that required climbing stairs to obtain, but after actually completing the stair-climbing task, they raised the value of the mugs due to the effort invested. (在展望未来时，参与者更看重现金，而非需要爬楼梯才能获得的马克杯；但在完成爬楼梯任务后，由于投入了努力，他们提升了马克杯的价值)”可知，2025年的研究表明努力会改变人们对事物价值的认知。故选D项。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“true value often emerges from those “optimal challenges” (真正的价值往往源于那些“适度的挑战”)”以及Inzlicht所说“It’s the struggle within the right bounds that fulfills your life and brings lasting happiness (在合理范围内的拼搏，才能充实人生、带来持久的幸福感)”可知，因兹利希建议人们拥抱可实现的挑战。故选C项。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （2026·山东滕州·二模） Raj Patel was 5, traveling with his family to India from England.A young girl, no older than 12, approached their car, carrying a crying baby, begging for money and food. “My parents embarrassingly pushed some money out to her from the window,”Patel says. “Since then, the journey has been to figure out why this stuff happens.” Upon returning to England, Patel decided to rent out his toys and raise money to stop hunger. It didn’t take him long to realize his attempts would not fix the problem.While attending Oxford University, Patel had an idea to shift his major to mathematics, believing that mathematics could handle the crisis of hunger and poverty (贫困).But as he dived deeper into the topic, he learned the political and systemic side of the story. So he changed his undergraduate degree back to economics and added the study of philosophy and politics to his pursuits (事业). After graduation, he worked for the World Bank and the United Nations. But even that, he says, didn’t lead to workable solutions (解决方案). His first book, Stuffed and Starved, was a breakout work written for a general audience. While living in Africa, Patel created a number of documentaries but none gained much popularity until he met Anita Chitaya, an activist in Bwabwa, a remote village in Malawi. Anita works with a local organization that has fought hunger in Malawi for decades.She helps farmers to experiment with crops to grow more nutritious food. Her story evolved into an 11-year project -The Ants&the Grasshopper, which earned the Moving Mountains Award. As the decade of research,filming and editing carries on, this drought-stricken village goes from being.self-sufficient through sustainable farming practices to struggling to grow enough nutritious food and access clean,drinkable water. Climate change ended up being another part of the story. Patel knows that he needs to find other ways to reach audiences. He released a widely shared YouTube video about capitalism, chicken nuggets (鸡块) and the global hunger crisis. He’s given 20-minute TED Talks that summarize the intentions of his books. No matter what gets thrown his way, Patel seems to course-correct in order to continue pursuing his mission. 1. What excited Patel’s pursuit of his career? A. A beggar-led crowd. B. A fund-raising event. C. A chance encounter with a needy girl. D. A narrow escape from a car accident. 2. Why did Patel shift his major to mathematics? A. He felt he was good at it. B. He disliked boring economic theories. C. He was eager to learn its political and systemic side. D. He considered it as a solution to the hunger and poverty crisis. 3. What is The Ants & the Grasshopper mainly about? A. Anita’s journey to tackle food crisis. B. Causes of climate change in Malawi. C. Bwabwa’s remarkable transformation. D. Patel’s personal experience in Bwabwa. 4. What did Patel do to attract more attention to global hunger? A. He shot funny videos. B. He made presentations. C. He cut the price of his books. D. He conducted collaborative research. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，短文叙述了拉杰·帕特尔通过自己的努力让人们了解球饥饿危机。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“A young girl, no older than 12, approached their car, carrying a crying baby, begging for money and food. “My parents embarrassingly pushed some money out to her from the window,“ Patel says. “Since then, the journey has been to figure out why this stuff happens.”（ 一个不到12岁的小女孩抱着一个哭闹的婴儿走近他们的车，向他们乞讨钱和食物。帕特尔说:“我父母很尴尬地从窗户里拿出一些钱给她。”“从那以后，我一直在寻找这种情况发生的原因。”）可知，偶然遇到一个需要帮助的女孩激发了帕特尔对事业的追求。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“While attending Oxford University, Patel had an idea to shift his major to mathematics, believing that mathematics could handle the crisis of hunger and poverty (贫困)”（ 在牛津大学读书时，帕特尔认为数学可以解决饥饿和贫困危机，萌生了转学数学的想法）可知，为什么帕特尔把他的专业转向数学是他认为这是解决饥饿和贫困危机的办法。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“. Anita works with a local organization that has fought hunger in Malawi for decades.She helps farmers to experiment with crops to grow more nutritious food. Her story evolved into an 11-year project -The Ants&the Grasshopper…”（ 安妮塔与一个当地组织合作，这个组织在马拉维与饥饿斗争了几十年。她帮助农民试种农作物，种植更有营养的食物。她的故事演变成一个11年的项目——“The Ants&the Grasshopper”。）可知，The Ants & the Grasshopper主要关于安妮塔应对粮食危机之旅。故选A项。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Patel knows that he needs to find other ways to reach audiences. He released a widely shared YouTube video about capitalism, chicken nuggets (鸡块) and the global hunger crisis. He’s given 20-minute TED Talks that summarize the intentions of his books.”（ 帕特尔知道，他需要找到其他方式来接触观众。他在 YouTube 上发布了一个关于资本主义、鸡块和全球饥饿危机的视频，被广泛转发。他做了20分钟的 TED 演讲，总结了他的书的意图。）可知，他做报告吸引人们更多地关注全球饥饿问题。故选B项。 Passage 2 （2026·山东济宁·二模） For years I walked the streets of London wearing noise-canceling headphones, absorbed in playlists, podcasts or long voice notes, a million miles away from wherever I physically was. One damp January evening, I was walking home, headphones out of power in my bag, when I noticed a small figure fall down on the pavement with her eyes closed. I might not have noticed her if I had been in my own world, fixated on what was playing in my ears. I asked her name. No response. Worse, she didn’t seem to be breathing. My mind raced back to my first-aid class, but I drew a blank, afraid of getting it wrong. I dialed 999. The call handler talked me through it: lie her down, press her chest to a count, keep going. To my relief, the stranger took a breath. After the medical workers arrived, I quietly left. After that night, I resolved to be more aware of the happenings around me. Wearing headphones made me feel as if I was wrapped in sound: it could be comforting, but the world was dulled and separate. So, off they came. Suddenly, I awakened to all that had long escaped my notice. A noise in the grass turned out to be a hedgehog fighting a blackbird — I felt as if I’d entered a secret world. A thunderous crack alerted me to a woodpecker drilling holes in a tree near my local park. Plus, I’m more open to talking to strangers now. It’s easier to start a conversation when my first response isn’t “What?” as I peel off my headphones. Still, it helps to have the option to zone out. I refuse to go for a run without loud Cuban music in my ears to force my trainers to hit the ground with the beat. There’s no way I’m getting on an aeroplane without listening to an audio book. As for that January night, I’ll never know what happened to the stranger, but I’m glad I was paying attention. 1. Why was the author able to notice the woman’s unusual condition? A. He heard a sound of an ambulance. B. He had rich first-aid expertise. C. His headphones happened to be dead. D. His mind was wandering from music. 2. What does the underlined word “they” refer to in paragraph 4? A. The headphones. B. The noises. C. The happenings. D. The medical workers. 3. What is the author’s current view on using headphones? A. It is a stylish trend. B. It is a conscious choice. C. It is a regular routine. D. It is a habitual preference. 4. What message does the text try to convey? A. Music speaks. B. Alertness counts. C. Kindness never fades. D. To tune out is to tune in. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了作者过去长期戴耳机屏蔽外界，因一次意外事件主动摘下耳机、感知生活；同时懂得适度使用耳机，明白适度屏蔽外界，才能更好地感受生活。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“One damp January evening, I was walking home, headphones out of power in my bag, when I noticed a small figure fall down on the pavement with her eyes closed. (一月一个潮湿的夜晚，我步行回家，包里的耳机早已没电，就在这时，我看到一个小小的身影双眼紧闭，摔倒在人行道上。)”可知，作者能够察觉到这位女士的异常状况是因为他的耳机碰巧没电了。 【2题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“Wearing headphones made me feel as if I was wrapped in sound: it could be comforting, but the world was dulled and separate. (戴着耳机，我仿佛被声音层层包裹：这或许能带来慰藉，却也让周遭世界变得模糊疏离、格格不入。)”可知，上文核心讲述戴耳机的弊端，第四段承接上文，表达“所以我摘掉了耳机”。由此可知，they指代上文的headphones。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Still, it helps to have the option to zone out. I refuse to go for a run without loud Cuban music in my ears to force my trainers to hit the ground with the beat. There’s no way I’m getting on an aeroplane without listening to an audio book. (即便如此，能选择放空思绪、隔绝外界，也未尝不是一件好事。跑步时，我一定要播放节奏感强烈的古巴音乐，踩着节拍迈步；不收听有声书，我绝不肯登上飞机。)”可知，作者不再随时随地戴耳机、主动关注现实，但会根据场景主动选择使用耳机，是一种有意识的自主选择。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。文章讲述了作者过去长期戴耳机屏蔽外界，因一次意外事件主动摘下耳机、感知生活；同时懂得适度使用耳机，明白适度屏蔽外界，才能更好地感受生活。由此可知，文章想要传达“学会屏蔽，方能用心感知”。 Passage 3 （2026·山东潍坊·二模） When I was a child, I drew a face. A grown-up corrected me quickly with a circle, round eyes, a seven-shaped nose and a curved mouth. I stood confused, for this cold, mechanical pattern felt nothing like the lively faces I knew in real life. As I grew up, I kept wondering how to draw a real face. Once, I got a chance to ask people to draw each other following two rules: never lift the pencil, and never look down at the paper. They could only look at their partner. After a minute, the drawings were terrible but wonderful. Why? Because they had drawn what they truly saw, not what they thought a face should look like. They also did something rare: they made eye-to-eye, face-to-face contact for almost a full minute without looking away. They slowed down, focused fully, and truly noticed another person. That was the secret to drawing “a real face”. Later, as an illustrated journalist, I once planned a drawn story about how public libraries served the people. I explored every corner of the library and genuinely connected with the staff. I found with their intentional, public-spirited help, those seemingly ordinary facilities served people in far more meaningful ways. Computers that I assumed were for checking out books or emails were actually lifelines for people searching for jobs and housing. The sinks in the public restroom served as a laundromat (洗衣房) and showers for the homeless. The entirely new and rich truth contributed to my series of breathing drawings. I do not hope everyone becomes an artist, but everyone can learn to see deeply. Slow down, pay attention, and truly observe; you will rediscover love for the world and all people around you. We urgently need this courage-to see each other and ourselves clearly, and to honor the real truth hidden in plain sight. 1. What confused the author in the first paragraph? A. A fixed concept. B. The adult’s criticism. C. A sharp contrast. D. The unclear drawing rules. 2. Why were the drawings terrible but wonderful in paragraph 2? A. They were messy but detailed. B. They were rough but lively. C. They appeared ugly but organized. D. They seemed simple but friendly. 3. What do the underlined words “the entirely new and rich truth” refer to in paragraph 3? A. More library service roles. B. Better maintenance of facilities. C. Greater professional pride. D. Deeper exploration for good stories. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Drawing a Magic. B. Discovering the Art. C. Seeing the Real Face. D. Creating Fine Works. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 【解析】 【导语】作者结合自身绘画与图书馆调研经历，讲述深度观察的重要性，呼吁人们用心看清事物本质。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A grown-up corrected me quickly with a circle, round eyes, a seven-shaped nose and a curved mouth. I stood confused, for this cold, mechanical pattern felt nothing like the lively faces I knew in real life.(一位成年人很快用圆形、圆眼睛、七字形鼻子和弯嘴巴纠正我。我一脸困惑，因为这种冰冷刻板的模式和我现实中鲜活的面孔截然不同。)”可知，成人固化的绘画模板和现实里鲜活的面容形成强烈反差，让作者心生困惑。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Because they had drawn what they truly saw, not what they thought a face should look like.(因为他们画出了自己真实看到的模样，而非主观认知里面孔该有的样子。)”可知，画作外表粗糙简陋，却贴合真实、富有生命力，所以看似糟糕却十分动人。 【3题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Computers that I assumed were for checking out books or emails were actually lifelines for people searching for jobs and housing. The sinks in the public restroom served as a laundromat (洗衣房) and showers for the homeless.(我原本以为仅用于借书、查看邮件的电脑，实则是人们求职、寻找住处的重要依托，公共洗手间的水池还能为无家可归者提供洗衣和洗漱的便利。)”可知，作者发现图书馆设施拥有更多元的服务作用，远超固有认知，因此画线短语指代“图书馆更多的服务职能与价值”。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是尾段中的“I do not hope everyone becomes an artist, but everyone can learn to see deeply. Slow down, pay attention, and truly observe; you will rediscover love for the world and all people around you.(我不希望每个人都成为艺术家，但每个人都可以学会深度观察。放慢脚步、集中注意、用心观察，你会重新收获对世界和身边所有人的热爱。)”可知，文章以绘画真实面孔为线索，阐释用心观察、看见真实的核心道理，以此升华全文主旨，所以“Seeing the Real Face(窥见真实面貌)”最适合作为文章标题。 Passage 4 （2026·山东淄博·二模） In 1998, British adventurer Karl Bushby looked down a road in Chile and set a goal: walk all the way home to Hull, England — without using a single form of transport, which was audacious. What he didn’t know then was that the journey he thought would take eight years would stretch into a remarkable 27-year trek (跋涉) across continents, oceans and history. Now, after walking 36,000 miles, surviving the attack of polar bears, swimming across seas, and navigating countless visa setbacks, the 56-year-old adventurer is finally on the home stretch. Bushby began his adventure in Punta Arenas, Chile, trekking north through South and North America, eventually reaching Alaska. In 2006, he attempted one of the most dangerous legs of the journey: crossing the frozen Bering Strait into Siberia. Armed with a gun to scare off polar bears and forced to leap between moving blocks of ice, he achieved what few people on Earth have ever done. His challenges didn’t stop there. Last year, when he couldn’t safely travel through a European country, he took on a new challenge — swimming across the Caspian Sea. With a support team and co-swimmer Angela Maxwell, Bushby spent 31 days completing the 179-mile crossing, swimming a total of 132 hours. After reaching Azerbaijan, he continued through Turkey, and now stands less than 2,000 miles from home. He hopes to recenter Europe this summer and walk into Hull by September 2026. Returning home after nearly three decades, he admits, will feel unrealistic. He left when he was 29. He will return at 58. He says reuniting with family will mean “getting to know each other again”. Bushby walks an average of 30km a day and rests wherever he can find shelter. His mission, called the Goliath Expedition, has outlasted five UK prime ministers, a global health incident, and numerous wars — but his spirit remains as strong as it was in 1998. And the world is cheering him on as he enters the final chapter of one of the most extraordinary human endurance journeys ever attempted. 1.What does the underlined word “audacious” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Common. B. Meaningless. C. Ambitious. D. Practical. 2. Why did Bushby swim across the Caspian Sea? A. To set a new world record. B. To avoid the potential risk. C. To shorten the distance. D. To test his physical limits. 3. What does Bushby mean by saying “getting to know each other again”? A.It is awkward to see his family. B. It is too long since he left home. C.He feels regretful for traveling. D. He wants to accompany his family more. 4. What does the Goliath Expedition symbolize? A. The power of spirit. B. The need for recognition. C. The meaning of exploration. D. The importance of adaptation. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了英国冒险家卡尔·布什比从1998年开始，计划徒步从智利返回英国故乡，历经27年、跨越3.6万英里，克服无数艰难险阻，如今即将完成这一非凡壮举的故事。 【1题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“In 1998, British adventurer Karl Bushby looked down a road in Chile and set a goal: walk all the way home to Hull, England — without using a single form of transport, which was audacious. (1998年，英国冒险家卡尔·布什比望着智利的一条路，定下了一个目标：不使用任何交通工具，一路步行回到英格兰的赫尔——这可谓audacious)”以及后文描述他花费27年、行走3.6万英里可知，这个目标非常大胆、有雄心。故划线词audacious意为“雄心勃勃的”，与“Ambitious”同义。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Last year, when he couldn’t safely travel through a European country, he took on a new challenge — swimming across the Caspian Sea. (去年，当他无法安全穿越某个欧洲国家时，他接受了一项新的挑战——游泳横渡里海)”可知，布什比游泳横渡里海是为了避免穿越某国可能带来的安全风险。故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Returning home after nearly three decades, he admits, will feel unrealistic. (他承认，在近三十年后回家，会感觉不真实)”和“He left when he was 29. He will return at 58. He says reuniting with family will mean “getting to know each other again”.(他29岁时离开，归来时已58岁。他说与家人重逢意味着“重新认识彼此”)”可推知，他说“getting to know each other again”的意思是自己离开家的时间太长了，重逢意味着要重新了解彼此。故选B项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“His mission, called the Goliath Expedition, has outlasted five UK prime ministers, a global health incident, and numerous wars — but his spirit remains as strong as it was in 1998. (他的使命被称为“歌利亚远征”，它历经了五位英国首相、一次全球卫生事件和无数次战争——但他的精神仍与1998年时一样坚强)”以及全文描述他克服的种种困难可知，“歌利亚远征”象征着精神的力量。故选A项。 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （2026·山东青岛·二模） “Growing fruit trees is a very simple way to stay in love with our world,” says Vivian Keh, playwright and daughter of immigrants, holding a basket of persimmons (柿子) she’s cultivated to feel connected to her Korean ancestors. Keh is just one of the 50 remarkable subjects in naturalist writer Amy Stewart’s The Tree Collectors: Tales of Arboreal Obsession, a collection of portraits of people transformed by their love of trees. Initially, trees struck Stewart as an odd thing to collect. Intrigued by this community of enthusiasts, she discovered educators, preservationists and visionaries, all drawn to a kind of curation, motivated by reasons diverse as their projects. They plant trees in public and private spaces both modest and expansive, nurturing (培育) their collections to honor beloved dead, attract wildlife, preserve rare species’ connect to history, invest in the future, grow food and create beauty. Steward categorizes these tree collectors according to their sense of purpose. Kenneth Hoegh, one of the book’s “ecologists”, tests which cold-loving species might grow in a warming and historically treeless Greenland. “Healer” Joe Hamilton plants loblolly pines on a parcel of land he got from his enslaved ancestors with an eye toward long-term sustainable forestry which he hopes will establish a source of generational wealth for his family. Reagan Wytsalucy has a plan to restore traditional peach orchards on Navajo land as one of the “community builders” who seek to bring people together. Adding to the book’s charm are Stewart’s watercolor’ illustrations — she gives Us a look at each of her human subjects while also cataloging the most wonderful qualities of featured trees, such as Seussian eucalyptus seed pods and delicate camellia blossoms. After spending time in this varied commonwealth, you’ll undoubtedly experience an intense desire to rest under the shade of a leafy oak. But something even deeper is happening here: by creating a space for people to talk about something they love. “How often do any of us get a chance to pour our hearts out to a stranger?” she writes. “Somehow, talking about trees made it possible.” 1. What does the underlined word “curation” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Connection. B. Collection. C. Treatment. D. Transformation, 2. What purpose of planting trees is mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To preserve rare species. B. To honor beloved dead. C. To develop new varieties. D. To strengthen social bonds. 3. What does the quote in the last paragraph suggest about discussing trees? A. It inspires new ideas. B. It rarely happens in public. C. It allows deep emotional sharing. D. It helps resolve environmental issues. 4. What does the writer think of the book? A. Complicated. B. Conventional. C. Inspiring. D. Intense. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了自然主义作家艾米·斯图尔特的作品The Tree Collectors: Tales of Arboreal Obsession，该书描绘了50位因对树木的热爱而改变的人物。 【1题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章第二段“Initially, trees struck Stewart as an odd thing to collect. Intrigued by this community of enthusiasts, she discovered educators, preservationists and visionaries, all drawn to a kind of curation, motivated by reasons diverse as their projects.(起初，斯图尔特觉得收集树木很奇怪。被这个爱好者群体所吸引，她发现了教育工作者、保护主义者和梦想家，他们都被这一种 所吸引，其动机与他们的项目不同)”可知，这里curation应指前一句中所提及的收集，所以猜测curation表“收集”的意思。故选B项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第三段“‘Healer’ Joe Hamilton plants loblolly pines on a parcel of land he got from his enslaved ancestors with an eye toward long-term sustainable forestry which he hopes will establish a source of generational wealth for his family. Reagan Wytsalucy has a plan to restore traditional peach orchards on Navajo land as one of the ‘community builders’ who seek to bring people together.(‘治疗师’乔·汉密尔顿在他从被奴役的祖先那里获得的一块土地上种植火炬松，着眼于长期可持续的林业，他希望这将为他的家庭建立一代人的财富来源。Reagan Wytsalucy计划恢复纳瓦霍土地上的传统桃园，作为寻求将人们聚集在一起的‘社区建设者’之一)”可知，第3段提到植树是可以加强社会联系的。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段“‘How often do any of us get a chance to pour our hearts out to a stranger?’ she writes. ‘’Somehow, talking about trees made it possible.’(她写道：‘我们中有多少人有机会向陌生人倾诉心声？不知何故，和树聊天可以使这成为可能。’)”可知，和树聊天可允许人们进行深度的情感分享。故选C项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段“After spending time in this varied commonwealth, you’ll undoubtedly experience an intense desire to rest under the shade of a leafy oak. But something even deeper is happening here: by creating a space for people to talk about something they love. (在这个多样化的联邦度过一段时间后，你无疑会强烈渴望在绿树成荫的橡树下休息。但这里正在发生更深层次的事情：为人们创造一个谈论他们喜欢的事情的空间)”以及上下文可知，作者认为这本书鼓舞人心，会让读者爱上树以及向往书里的生活。故选C项。 Passage 2 （2026·山东威海·二模） Dark chocolate, mainly solid cocoa, is widely believed to be a healthier treat, often credited with benefits like lowering blood pressure and boosting brainpower. These claims are largely linked to flavanols (黄烷醇), compounds abundant in cocoa. However, a closer look at the scientific evidence suggests that we should be careful about eating dark chocolate. While some short-term studies, frequently funded by chocolate companies, suggested potential advantages, their results have been inconsistent. More importantly, they are too brief to reveal the long-term effects of regular consumption. Observational studies, which simply note correlations (相关性), found that people who eat more dark chocolate tend to be healthier. But this could be because they often have higher incomes and better overall lifestyles, not because of the chocolate itself. To settle the debate, a big randomized experiment was conducted. It involved older adults who took daily cocoa-flavanol supplements for several years. The findings were clear: the flavanols made no significant difference to the risk of developing heart disease, diabetes, or cancer. There was one positive note — a reduction in cardiovascular (心血管的) deaths — but this single outcome is not solid proof of benefit. Crucially, obtaining a high share of flavanols from commercial dark chocolate introduces serious disadvantages. To counter cocoa’s bitterness, manufacturers add large amounts of sugar. It means a person would also consume a substantial portion of the daily recommended limit of fat, which is known to raise cholesterol (胆固醇) and harm heart health. A far healthier way to get flavanols is from foods like apples, nuts, strawberries, or green tea. Ultimately, the celebrated health benefits of dark chocolate appear to be rooted more in marketing and wishful thinking than in robust science. While enjoying it as an occasional treat is fine, relying on it as a health food is misguided. True wellness comes from a balanced diet rich in various fruits, vegetables, and beans—not from a single, sugary treat. 1. What is a common belief about dark chocolate? A. It has inconsistent benefits. B. Its benefits come at a high cost. C. It contributes to physical health. D. Its advantages rely on long-term intake. 2. What is a result of taking in flavanols from dark chocolate? A. Faster fat burning. B. Resistance to cholesterol. C. Reduction of cancer risks. D. Increase in sugar consumption. 3. What does the underlined word “robust” in the last paragraph mean? A. Basic. B. Solid. C. Advanced. D. Emerging. 4. Which is the best title for the text? A. The Bitter Truth About Dark Chocolate B. A Guide to Choosing Healthy Chocolate C. The Impact of Flavanols on Your Health D. Marketing vs. Science in the Food Industry 【答案】1.C 2. D 3. B 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了黑巧克力被广泛认为的健康益处，指出这些益处更多基于营销和一厢情愿的想法，而非坚实的科学依据。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Dark chocolate, mainly solid cocoa, is widely believed to be a healthier treat, often credited with benefits like lowering blood pressure and boosting brainpower.(黑巧克力，主要是固体可可，被广泛认为是一种更健康的零食，人们认为它有降低血压和提高智力的好处)”可知，关于黑巧克力，人们普遍认为它有助于身体健康。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Crucially, obtaining a high share of flavanols from commercial dark chocolate introduces serious disadvantages. To counter cocoa’s bitterness, manufacturers add large amounts of sugar.(至关重要的是，从商业黑巧克力中获取高比例的黄烷醇会带来严重的缺点。为了抵消可可的苦味，制造商添加了大量的糖)”可知，从黑巧克力中摄取黄烷醇会导致糖的摄入量增加。故选D项。 【3题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Ultimately, the celebrated health benefits of dark chocolate appear to be rooted more in marketing and wishful thinking than in robust science. (最终，黑巧克力那些备受称赞的健康益处似乎更多植根于市场营销和一厢情愿的想法，而非robust的科学)”可知，划线词“robust”与“marketing and wishful thinking (营销和一厢情愿的想法)”形成对比，用来修饰“science”，应指“坚实的、可靠的”科学证据，与B项“Solid”意思相近。故选B项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇第一段“Dark chocolate, mainly solid cocoa, is widely believed to be a healthier treat, often credited with benefits like lowering blood pressure and boosting brainpower. These claims are largely linked to flavanols, compounds abundant in cocoa. However, a closer look at the scientific evidence suggests that we should be careful about eating dark chocolate.(人们普遍认为，以固体可可为主的黑巧克力是更健康的零食，常被认为具有降低血压、增强脑力等益处。这些说法主要与可可中富含的黄烷醇化合物有关。然而，仔细审视科学证据会发现，我们对食用黑巧克力应持谨慎态度)”即引出对黑巧克力健康宣称的质疑。随后，文章第二、三段分析相关科学证据的薄弱之处，第四段揭示其高糖高脂的健康风险，最后一段总结其健康益处更多源于营销。全文核心在于揭示关于黑巧克力健康的“苦涩真相”。A项“The Bitter Truth About Dark Chocolate (黑巧克力的苦涩真相)”准确概括了这一主题，是文章最佳标题。故选A项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $