精品解析：北京市第二十中学2025-2026学年高一下学期期中英语试题

2026北京二十中高一（下）期中 英 语 （时间：90分钟 满分100分 必修二模块结业考试） 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 As the foreign English teacher at my school, I have a weekly English music broadcast where I showcase different English songs. I try to get the students to recommend songs to me for the broadcast. At the broadcast, I usually announce who recommended the song and then____1____ it for everyone to hear during lunch time. I offer everyone an opportunity to share themselves through their music, including one____2____student of mine. This student____3____gets into fights with the other students, doesn’t study, and brings down the energy of the class.Most of the other teachers and students push him away. I knew though that he just needed a friend, or at least someone he could____4____with. I could tell he was warming up to me over the last year.I told him to____5____a song he likes that has some English words in it and I would play it on the broadcast for him.He eventually recommended a song. I actually really liked the song so I put it on the broadcast and made sure to announce his name,so everyone knew that he____6____and recommended such a great song. Needless to say,the boy was____7____, and he’s been much happier and focused in English class ever since. While everyone else misunderstood him and pushed him away, I saw him right through and knew that he just needed someone who____8____him. There’s still a language____9____between us, but words aren’t needed, because you can always sense where you’re at with someone. He recently walked by me and gave me the most genuine smile that I’d ever seen. My coworker turned to me and said “I’ve never seen him smile like that before. How did you get through to him?” “I gave him a____10____,”I said, “through just one song.” 1. A. accept B. play C. choose D. change 2. A. absent B. anxious C. tough D. quiet 3. A. constantly B. finally C. carefully D. obviously 4. A. cooperate B. agree C. argue D. connect 5. A. think of B. listen to C. talk about D. hand out 6. A. gathered B. contributed C. remembered D. wrote 7. A. interested B. confused C. astonished D. excited 8. A. acknowledged B. persuaded C. entertained D. impressed 9. A. trap B. boundary C. barrier D. disorder 10. A. word B. chance C. gift D. game 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过播放一个调皮男孩推荐的歌曲，给了一个承认他的机会，男孩也因此在英语课上变得更快乐、更专注了。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在广播中，我通常会宣布是谁推荐了这首歌，然后在午餐时间播放给大家听。A. accept接受；B. play播放；C. choose选择；D. change改变。后文“it for everyone to hear during lunch time”中it指代歌曲，故指播放歌曲，应用动词play。故选B。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我为每个人提供了一个通过音乐来分享自己的机会，包括我的一个棘手的学生。A. absent缺席的；B. anxious焦急的；C. tough艰难的，棘手的；D. quiet安静的。根据后文“gets into fights with the other students, doesn’t study, and brings down the energy of the class”可知这个学生不听话，很棘手。故选C。 【3题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个学生经常和其他学生打架，不学习，使班级的活力下降。A. constantly持续地；B. finally最后；C. carefully仔细地；D. obviously显然。根据后文“gets into fights with the other students, doesn’t study, and brings down the energy of the class”指这个学生经常和其他学生打架，不学习，使班级的活力下降。故选A。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不过我知道他只是需要一个朋友，或者至少是一个他可以交流的人。A. cooperate合作；B. agree同意；C. argue争论；D. connect连接。根据上文“I knew though that he just needed a friend, or at least someone he could”可知，男孩需要一个朋友，一个可以联系交流的人。故选D。 【5题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我告诉他想一首他喜欢的歌，里面有一些英语单词，我会在广播里放给他听。A. think of想起；B. listen to听；C. talk about谈论；D. hand out分发。根据后文“a song he likes that has some English words in it”指作者让男生想一起喜欢的歌。故选A。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的很喜欢这首歌，所以我把它放在广播中，并确保宣布他的名字，所以每个人都知道，他贡献和推荐这样一首好歌曲。A. gathered聚集；B. contributed贡献；C. remembered记得；D. wrote写。根据后文“and recommended such a great song”指男生贡献和推荐这样一首好歌曲。故选B。 【7题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不用说，男孩很兴奋，从那以后，他在英语课上变得更快乐、更专注了。A. interested感兴趣的；B. confused困惑的；C. astonished吃惊的；D. excited激动的。根据后文“and he’s been much happier and focused in English class ever since”可知，作者的做法让男孩很激动，因此从那以后，他在英语课上变得更快乐、更专注了。故选D。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当每个人都误解他，把他推开的时候，我看透了他，知道他只是需要一个承认他的人。A. acknowledged承认；B. persuaded说服；C. entertained娱乐；D. impressed使印象深刻。根据上文“I saw him right through and knew that he just needed someone who”可知，当每个人都误解他，把他推开的时候，作者看透了他，知道他只是需要一个承认他的人。故选A。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们之间仍然有语言障碍，但不需要言语，因为你总能感觉到你和某人在哪里。A. trap陷阱；B. boundary边界；C. barrier障碍；D. disorder混乱。根据后文“but words aren’t needed”可知，but表示转折，说明仍然存在语言障碍，但不需要言语。故选C。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我给了他一个机会，”我说，“只是通过一首歌。”A. word单词；B. chance机会；C. gift礼物；D. game游戏。呼应第一段中“I offer everyone an opportunity to share themselves(我给每个人一个分享自己的机会)”指给了男孩一个机会。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Some people are living very long lives. What are some of their secrets to longevity? Eating the right food plays a big role. Exercise is also important. In 2023, a study ____11____ (find) that people who exercised at recommended levels gained 3-4 years of life ____12____ (compare) to those who were inactive. In addition, there is also a link between happiness and lifespan — happy people with a positive outlook on life tend to live ____13____ (long) and experience better health than their unhappy peers. 【答案】11. found 12. compared 13. longer 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了长寿的一些秘诀，包括饮食、锻炼和心态。 【11题详解】 考查时态。句意：2023年，一项研究发现，与不运动的人相比，达到推荐运动水平的人寿命可延长3-4年。find(发现)是主句谓语动词，根据时间状语in 2023可知，句子是在描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时态found。 【12题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2023年，一项研究发现，与不运动的人相比，达到推荐运动水平的人寿命可延长3-4年。此处作比较状语，compare(比较，对比)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语people之间为被动关系，应用过去分词compared表被动。 【13题详解】 考查副词比较级。句意：此外，幸福和寿命之间也有联系——对生活持积极态度的快乐的人往往比不快乐的同龄人寿命更长，身体更健康。根据句意和than their unhappy peers可知，应用副词比较级longer作状语，修饰动词live，表示“寿命更长”。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 2015 was the year _____14_____ Tu Youyou’s team found malaria treatment. She is renowned for discovering artemisinin, which _____15_____ (use) widely in malaria-endemic regions. Today, the discovery is recognized as a milestone in medical history, particularly because in her cure _____16_____ malaria, traditional approaches are combined creatively with modern science. Her perseverance in challenging environments shows her _____17_____ (commit) to scientific progress. 【答案】14. when 15. is used 16. for 17. commitment 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了屠呦呦团队发现疟疾治疗方法及其意义。 【14题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：2015年是屠呦呦团队发现疟疾治疗方法的一年。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the year，关系词代替先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。 【15题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：她因发现青蒿素而闻名，青蒿素在疟疾流行地区被广泛使用。本句描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，定语从句主语which（指代artemisinin）和use之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用is used。 【16题详解】 考查介词。句意：今天，这一发现被认为是医学史上的一个里程碑，特别是在她治疗疟疾的过程中，传统方法与现代科学创造性地结合在一起。cure for“对……的治疗方法”，固定搭配，本空用介词for。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：她在充满挑战的环境中坚持不懈，显示了她对科学进步的承诺。此处作宾语，应用名词commitment“承诺”。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A study shows that 176 bird species have been found to build nests from human litter like plastic bags and fishing nets. ____18____ worries the scientists is that such materials can harm chicks and even adult birds. The study reviews research ____19____ (cover) almost 35,000 nests and finds that birds use human-made materials in nests on all continents except Antarctica. While such behaviour was observed as early as in the 1830s, undoubtedly it ____20____ (increase) in recent years. 【答案】18. What 19. covering 20. has increased 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了一项研究发现鸟类用人类垃圾筑巢及其危害。 【18题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：令科学家们担心的是，这些材料会伤害雏鸟甚至成年鸟类。本空引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“令科学家们担心的事情”，应用连接代词what引导，位于句首，首字母大写。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该研究回顾了涵盖近3.5万个鸟巢的研究，发现除南极洲外，所有大陆的鸟类都在巢中使用人造材料。此处应用非谓语动词，作后置定语，cover和逻辑主语research之间为主动关系，应用现在分词covering。 【20题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：虽然早在19世纪30年代就观察到了这种行为，但毫无疑问，近年来这种行为有所增加。根据时间状语in recent years可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语it是第三人称单数，助动词用has，谓语用has increased。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A COMPETITION Draw a sea creature for our ocean poster Are you a gifted artist? Do you think you can draw a prize-winning dolphin or shark? In celebration of World Ocean Day on 8 June, The Week Junior is running a competition to create an awesome poster featuring some of the world’s coolest sea creatures, and your artwork could be part of it! How to enter Draw a picture of your favorite sea creature and send your picture by email to competitions@theweekjunior.com with OCEAN POSTER as the subject line by 10 April 2022. Make sure you’ve included your name, age, chosen sea creature, the address and phone number of your parent or guardian. Once the competition has closed, our judges will pick 10 of the best animal drawings. They will be looking for the most creative and colorful drawings, so don’t be afraid to go big! What you could win The winning pictures will be shown on a The Week Junior ocean poster. Each winner will also receive a paint brush set worth over £80, which will be delivered to you. Terms and conditions The Week Junior will not share your personal details with third parties. The Week Junior will only use personal details to contact the competition winners. No responsibility can be accepted for entries that have been lost or damaged in transit( 运送 ), any technical failure or any event that may cause the competition to stop. Entries must be received before 11:59 pm on 10 April 2022. All winners will be informed accordingly 4–6 weeks after the competition closes. By entering the competition all participants give permission for their artwork to be published online. Entries cannot be returned to senders. 21. The drawing competition is held to ________. A. celebrate World Ocean Day B. help the talented artists C. advertise The Week Junior D. protect dolphins and sharks 22. Winners of the competition will ________. A. meet the judges B. get prize money C. accept delivery of prizes D. receive an ocean poster 23. What will The Week Junior be responsible for? A. The privacy of the participants. B. The damage or loss of pictures. C. The return of the artwork to the senders. D. The computer problems in sending emails. 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。为庆祝世界海洋日，《少年周刊》举办了一场绘画比赛，本文就比赛的方式、作品要求、奖品等做了说明。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“In celebration of World Ocean Day on 8 June, The Week Junior is running a competition to create an awesome poster featuring some of the world’s coolest sea creatures, and your artwork could be part of it!(为了庆祝6月8日的世界海洋日，《少年周刊》正在举办一场比赛，制作一张精美的海报，展示世界上一些最酷的海洋生物，你的作品可能会成为其中的一部分！)”可知，这次的绘画比赛是为了庆祝世界海洋日。故选A。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据What you could win段落下的“Each winner will also receive a paint brush set worth over £80, which will be delivered to you.(每位获胜者还将收到价值超过80英镑的画笔套装，并将通过快递的方式送达)”可知，参赛的获胜者将会收到快递过去的奖品。故选C。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据Terms and conditions段落下的“The Week Junior will not share your personal details with third parties. The Week Junior will only use personal details to contact the competition winners.(《少年周刊》不会与第三方分享您的个人信息，个人详细信息仅用于联系竞赛优胜者)”可知，《少年周刊》对参赛者的隐私负责。故选A。 B This little South American Magellanic penguin swims 5,000 miles, to a beach in Brazil, every year in order to be reunited with the man who saved its life. It sounds like something out of a fairy tale, but it’s true! 71-year-old retired brick worker Joao, who lives in an island village just outside Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, found the small Magellanic penguin lying on rocks at his local beach in 2011. The penguin was covered in oil and running out of time fast. Joao rescued the penguin, naming it Din, cleaned the oil off its feathers and fed him a daily diet of fish to rebuild its strength. After a week of recovery, Joao attempted to release the penguin back into the wild. However, Din had already formed a family bond with his rescuer and wouldn’t leave. “He stayed with me for 11 months and then, just after he changed his coat with new feathers, he disappeared,” Joao recalls. “I love the penguin like it’s my own child and I believe the penguin loves me,” Joao told Globo TV. “No one else is allowed to touch him. He pecks (啄) them if they do. He lies on my lap, lets me give him showers, and allows me to feed him.” Professor Krajewski, a biologist who interviewed the fisherman for Globo TV, told The Independent: “I have never seen anything like this before. I think the penguin believes Joao is part of his family and probably a penguin as well.” However, environmentalists warn that, while hundreds of the Magellanic species are known to naturally migrate (迁徙) thousands of miles north in search of food, there has been a worrying rise in the phenomenon of oceanic creatures washing up on Brazil’s beaches. Professor David Zee from Rio de Janeiro’s State University, said the increase is due in part to global climatic changes. Professor Zee added that sea animals face increased danger from leaked tanker oil. Luckily the ending for Joao and Din has been a happy one, even though it is illegal in Brazil to keep wild animals as pets. Professor Krajewski said: “Professionals who work with animals try to avoid relationships like this occurring so they are able to reintroduce the animal into the wild. But in this single case the authorities allowed Din to stay with Joao because of his kindness.” 24. Every year Din swims a long distance to a beach in Brazil to ______. A. avoid being killed B. meet his rescuer C. escape from ocean currents D. find much more fish 25. When Din was found in 2011 ______. A. he was dying B. he was running on the beach C. he was resting on a rock D. he was cleaning oil off his feathers 26. What can we learn about Joao from the passage? A. He is not allowed to keep the penguin as a pet by the authorities. B. He overprotects the penguin by keeping him away from others. C. His contact with the penguin is encouraged by professionals. D. His kindness wins the penguin’s trust. 27. The story in the passage mainly shows ______. A. the environmental impact on wildlife B. the love between humans and wildlife C. the tendency of wildlife to bond with humans D. the protection of threatened wildlife by mankind 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了南美洲的小麦哲伦企鹅丁每年都要游5000英里到巴西的一个海滩和它的救命恩人团聚。同时，专家也表示担忧气候和海洋漏油污染给海洋动物带来的危害。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中This little South American Magellanic penguin swims 5,000 miles, to a beach in Brazil, every year in order to be reunited with the man who saved its life. 这只南美洲的小麦哲伦企鹅每年都要游5000英里，游到巴西的一个海滩，为了和救了它命的人团聚。可知，每年丁都要长途游泳到巴西的海滩是为了去见他的救命恩人。故选B项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中The penguin was covered in oil and running out of time fast. Joao rescued the penguin, naming it Din, cleaned the oil off its feathers and fed him a daily diet of fish to rebuild its strength.这只企鹅浑身是油，很快就没命了。若昂救了这只企鹅，给它取名为丁，清理掉它羽毛上的油污，每天喂它吃鱼来恢复体力。可知，2011年当Din被发现时，他已经奄奄一息了。故选A项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“I love the penguin like it’s my own child and I believe the penguin loves me,” Joao told Globo TV. “No one else is allowed to touch him. He pecks (啄) them if they do. He lies on my lap, lets me give him showers, and allows me to feed him.” “我爱这只企鹅就像爱自己的孩子一样，我相信这只企鹅也爱我，”若昂告诉环球电视台。“他不许别人碰他。如果他们这样做了，他就会啄他们。他躺在我的腿上，让我给他洗澡，让我喂他。”可知，若昂的善良赢得了这只企鹅的信任。故选D项。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文尤其是第一段中This little South American Magellanic penguin swims 5,000 miles, to a beach in Brazil, every year in order to be reunited with the man who saved its life. 这只南美洲的小麦哲伦企鹅每年都要游5000英里，游到巴西的一个海滩，为了和救了它命的人团聚。以及最后一段中But in this single case the authorities allowed Din to stay with Joao because of his kindness. 但在这件事上，由于乔的好意，当局允许丁和他呆在一起。可知，本文主要是讲述了若昂和企鹅丁之间相处的故事，体现了人类和野生动物之间的爱。故选B项。 C In 2012, James Cameron, creator of Avatar and Titanic, became the first person to reach the Challenger Deep. When he arrived at the deepest spot on Earth at 7 miles below sea level, he spent hours mapping the region and taking photos and samples. “As human beings, we’re drawn to absolutes — the deepest, the highest, the coldest, the farthest,” he says. “And as a storyteller and curious monkey, I just wanted to see what was there.” The answer is obvious — plastic and more. “Our so-called civilization is using the ocean as its toilet,” Cameron says. “Unless this changes, ocean ecosystems are going to continue their rapid collapse.” Despite decades of environmental studies, the impact of plastic and other forms of pollution on oceans are not entirely understood. Initial studies appear to indicate that ingesting (摄取) them — either directly or indirectly — could cause disease. Plastics can also release poisonous substances into the water, which could potentially impact animal populations. But plastic is just one of the problems facing oceans that have yet to be fully understood. “Plastic waste in the ocean is horrifying but is only the most obvious of our many deadly waste streams, which include carbon that’s heating the atmosphere and making the ocean acidic, and the run-off nutrients from all the world’s agriculture, which is causing anoxic (缺氧的) dead zones the size of countries,” Cameron says. Oceans, like the rest of the world, are impacted by the burning of fossil fuels and the release of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide — about 30 percent of which is absorbed by the sea. This absorption causes ocean acidification, where the pH level is altered to become more acidic. As a result, it’s harder for some creatures to form shells and skeletons and countless species at the base of the food web can struggle to survive, which, scientists say, has the potential to cause huge disruptions to entire ecosystems. Indeed, ocean acidification is thought to have played an important role in Earth’s worst-ever mass extinction event 252 million years ago. The effect of climate change on the world’s oceans will likely worsen in coming decades. Last June, scientists announced carbon dioxide levels had reached the highest levels since human records began. The last time carbon dioxide levels were this high was during the Pliocene era, between 3 and 5 million years ago, when global temperatures were about 4 degrees Celsius warmer than they are today. Current climate models suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue on their current trend, we may be on course to see 4 degrees of warming by 2100. As a result, understanding the role oceans have on global systems is becoming more and more important. 28. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about? A. The author’s feelings to the ocean. B. Cameron’s movies and remarks. C. The author’s discoveries under the sea. D. Cameron’s observation and concern. 29. What does the underlined word “disruptions” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Decreases. B. Destruction. C. Diseases. D. Discrimination. 30. Why does the author mention the mass extinction event 252 million years ago? A. To call on people to protect sea animals. B. To compare current situations with the past. C. To explain how serious the ocean problem is. D. To prove pollution to be the cause of acidification. 31. What can we infer from the passage? A. Several countries are suffering from anoxic dead zones. B. More concern should have been given to the pollution on oceans. C. Plastic is supposed to be the most serious environmental problem. D. Ocean acidification removes the nutrients from agricultural products. 【答案】28. D 29. B 30. C 31. B 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述卡梅隆深海下潜发现海洋塑料污染，指出塑料、温室气体排放引发海洋酸化、缺氧死区等多重严重危机，危害生态且后果深远，呼吁人们重视并保护海洋环境。 【28题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“In 2012, James Cameron, creator of Avatar and Titanic, became the first person to reach the Challenger Deep. When he arrived at the deepest spot on Earth at 7 miles below sea level, he spent hours mapping the region and taking photos and samples.(2012年，《阿凡达》和《泰坦尼克号》的创作者詹姆斯·卡梅隆成为第一个到达挑战者深渊的人。当他到达海平面以下7英里的地球最深处时，他花了几个小时绘制该地区的地图，并拍照和采集样本。)”以及第二段中“The answer is obvious — plastic and more. “Our so-called civilization is using the ocean as its toilet,” Cameron says. “Unless this changes, ocean ecosystems are going to continue their rapid collapse.”(答案很明显——塑料等等。“我们所谓的文明正在把海洋当作厕所，”卡梅隆说。“除非这种情况改变，否则海洋生态系统将继续迅速崩溃。”)”可知，前两段主要讲述了卡梅隆的观察（到达海底并发现海洋污染情况）和担忧（海洋生态系统将迅速崩溃）。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段中“As a result, it’s harder for some creatures to form shells and skeletons and countless species at the base of the food web can struggle to survive, which, scientists say, has the potential to cause huge disruptions to entire ecosystems.(结果导致部分海洋生物难以形成外壳和骨骼，无数处于食物链底端的物种难以生存。科学家称，这有可能给整个生态系统带来disruptions。)”可知，一些生物更难形成外壳和骨骼，食物网底层的无数物种都在挣扎求生，这对整个生态系统有潜在的造成巨大破坏的可能性。故disruptions意思是“破坏”。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“This absorption causes ocean acidification, where the pH level is altered to become more acidic. As a result, it’s harder for some creatures to form shells and skeletons and countless species at the base of the food web can struggle to survive, which, scientists say, has the potential to cause huge disruptions to entire ecosystems. Indeed, ocean acidification is thought to have played an important role in Earth’s worst-ever mass extinction event 252 million years ago.(这种吸收会引发海洋酸化，使海水酸碱度失衡、酸性增强。结果导致部分海洋生物难以形成外壳和骨骼，无数处于食物链底端的物种难以生存。科学家称，这有可能给整个生态系统带来严重破坏。事实上，海洋酸化被认为在2.52 亿年前地球最严重的生物大灭绝事件中起到了关键作用。)”可推知，作者提到2.52亿年前的大规模灭绝事件是为了解释海洋问题有多严重。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Despite decades of environmental studies, the impact of plastic and other forms of pollution on oceans are not entirely understood. Initial studies appear to indicate that ingesting(摄取) them — either directly or indirectly — could cause disease. Plastics can also release poisonous substances into the water, which could potentially impact animal populations.(尽管进行了数十年的环境研究，但塑料和其他形式的污染对海洋的影响还没有完全弄清楚。初步研究表明，直接或间接摄入它们可能会导致疾病。塑料还会向水中释放有毒物质，这可能会对动物种群造成潜在影响。)”以及最后一段“As a result, understanding the role oceans have on global systems is becoming more and more important.(因此，了解海洋在全球系统中的作用变得越来越重要。)”可知，塑料只是海洋众多污染之一，其危害尚未被完全研究透彻，由此可推知，人们本应更早、更多关注海洋污染问题。 D The argument that human-caused carbon emissions (排放) are merely a drop in the bucket compared to greenhouse gases generated by volcanoes has been making its way around the rumor mill for years. And while it seems to be reasonable, the science just doesn’t back it up. According to the US Geological Survey (USGS), the world’s volcanoes, both on land and undersea, generate about 200 million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) annually, while our automotive and industrial activities cause some 24 billion tons of CO2 emissions every year worldwide. Despite the arguments to the contrary, the facts speak for themselves: Greenhouse gas emissions from volcanoes compose less than one percent of those generated by today’s human activities. Another indication that human emissions surpass those of volcanoes is the fact that atmospheric CO2 levels, as measured by sampling stations around the world, have gone up consistently year after year regardless of whether or not there have been major volcanic eruptions in specific years. “If it were true that individual volcanic eruptions dominated human emissions and were causing the rise in carbon dioxide concentrations, then these carbon dioxide records would be full of spikes — one for each eruption,” says Coby Beck, a journalist writing for online environmental news. “Instead, such records show a smooth and regular trend.” Furthermore, some scientists believe that volcanic eruptions, like that of Mt.St. Helens in 1980 and Mt. Pinatubo in 1991, actually lead to short-term global cooling, not warming, as sulfur dioxide (SO2), ash and other particles in the air and stratosphere (平流层) reflect some solar energy instead of letting it into Earth’s atmosphere. SO2, which converts to sulfuric acid aerosol, when it hits the stratosphere, can linger there for as long as seven years and can exercise a cooling effect long after a volcanic eruption has taken place. Scientists tracking the effects of the major 1991 eruption of the Philippines’ Mt. Pinatubo found that the overall effect of the blast was to cool the surface of the Earth globally by some 0.5 degrees Celsius a year later, even though rising human greenhouse gas emissions and an El Nino event caused some surface warming during the 1991 — 1993 study period. In an interesting twist on the issue, British researchers last year published an article in the peer reviewed scientific journal Nature showing how volcanic activity may be contributing to the melting of ice caps in Antarctica but not because of any emissions, natural or man-made. Instead, scientists Hugh Corr and David Vaughan of the British Antarctic Survey believe that volcanoes underneath Antarctica may be melting the continents ice sheets from below, just as warming air temperatures from human-induced emissions erode them from above. 32. According to Paragraph 1, some people argue that . A. their opinion is supported by science B. volcanoes generate most of the greenhouse gases C. human activities are to blame for greenhouse gases D. carbon emissions produced by volcanoes are increasing 33. What does the underlined word “spikes” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Sudden increases. B. Smooth trends. C. Stable regularities. D. Sharp declines. 34. The purpose of the passage is to . A. compare the results of the studies B. contradict a view held by some people C. present new findings for greenhouse phenomenon D. report the effects of CO2, in greenhouse phenomenon 【答案】32. B 33. A 34. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为议论文。文章用事实来反驳多年来人们认为火山产生了大部分的温室气体的观点。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The argument that human-caused carbon emissions(排放) are merely a drop in the bucket compared to greenhouse gases generated by volcanoes has been making its way around the rumor mill for years.(多年来，与火山产生的温室气体相比，人类造成的碳排放量只是沧海一粟的言论一直在坊间流传。)”可推知，一些人认为是火山产生了大部分的温室气体，而不是人类的行为。故选B。 【33题详解】 猜测词义题。根据文章第三段划线词spikes所在的句子“If it were true that individual volcanic eruptions dominated human emissions and were causing the rise in carbon dioxide concentrations, then these carbon dioxide records would be full of spikes — one for each eruption,” says Coby Beck, a journalist writing for online environmental news. “Instead, such records show a smooth and regular trend.”(一个网络环境新闻的作者Coby Beck说道：“如果个别火山爆发时二氧化碳高于人类的排放，并导致二氧化碳浓度的增加，那么每一次火山喷发都会充满“spikes”，相反的是，记录显示出二氧化碳浓度增加是“平稳而有规律的”。)”可知，句中的“instead”表示转折，表示前后意思相反。环境新闻的记者Coby Beck说二氧化碳浓度的增加“记录显示出平稳的”，那么，“spikes”应该就是与之相反的“突然”的增加。A. Sudden increases突然增加；B. Smooth trends平稳的趋势；C. Stable regularities稳定的规律；D. Sharp declines急剧下降。故选A。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The argument that human-caused carbon emissions (排放) are merely a drop in the bucket compared to greenhouse gases generated by volcanoes has been making its way around the rumor mill for years. And while it seems to be reasonable, the science just doesn’t back it up.(多年来，与火山产生的温室气体相比，人类造成的碳排放量只是沧海一粟的言论一直在坊间流传。尽管它似乎是合理的，但科学却不支持这一观点。)”可知，本文第一段提出了坊间流传的科学并不支持的观点，下文对此进行批判的同时提出了新的发现，即火山的爆发却能一定程度地导致全球温度下降，起到冷却作用。即反驳了某些人的观点。这篇文章的目的是反驳一些人所持的观点。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When you go to concerts, you expect your favorite musician to perform amazingly on stage. But you may have noticed something curious that most musicians don’t just play with their fingers. They also involve body movements that fit the song’s beat or dance following the music. ____35____ The facial expressions musicians show when playing may seem strange or crazy to an outsider, but all that pulling faces might actually serve a purpose. Firstly, playing a musical instrument usually requires intense focus and concentration. ____36____ Their facial expressions can be a demonstration of the intense emotions and physical effort that go hand-in-hand with musical performance. They’re often subconscious-in fact, many of us will pull strange faces when we’re deeply involved in an activity we care about. ____37____Musicians have a strong emotional connection with the music they perform. They often use their facial expressions to express the mood and interpretation of the music, which creates a more engaging musical experience. While facial expressions may not directly make someone a better musician, they might contribute to the overall artistry of the music. Performing live music is a rather stressful experience, so it could be that the performer is expressing those nerves through their face-biting the bottom lip, for example. Luckily, nerves will often go away soon after a musician starts performing. ____38____ The facial expressions obviously to some extent express the performer’s inner world. Another interesting thing is that making facial expressions can have a physiological impact on the musician’s performance. Some research suggests that certain facial movements can activate specific muscles and improve muscle harmonization. ____39____However, it’s important to note that this relationship is still not well understood, and the extent to which facial expressions directly impact musical competence is a subject of ongoing investigation. A. When you’re really focused, you don’t care about the outside world. B. Among them the part of the body that best exhibits this is obviously the face. C. They likely won’t be the main cause for those strange faces throughout a performance. D. Such effects are particularly helpful in controlling muscles when playing an instrument. E. Facial expressions can also help musicians communicate emotions and artistic expression. F. Musicians are often overcome with emotion from the music itself or the reaction of the crowd. G. Musicians often enter a state of “flow”, where they become completely absorbed in the music they’re creating. 【答案】35. B 36. G 37. E 38. C 39. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。音乐家演奏时不只是用手指演奏还会有身体动作，其中一个身体动作就是面部表情。文章主要介绍了音乐家演奏时使用面部表情给他们带来的好处。 【35题详解】 上文“But you may have noticed something curious that most musicians don’t just play with their fingers. They also involve body movements that fit the song’s beat or dance following the music. (但您可能已经注意到一些奇怪的事情，大多数音乐家不只是用手指演奏。还包括适应歌曲节奏或舞蹈音乐的身体动作。)”可知，音乐家不仅用手指演奏，还会用身体动作，下文“The facial expressions musicians show when playing may seem strange or crazy to an outsider, but all that pulling faces might actually serve a purpose.(音乐家在演奏时表现出的面部表情对于局外人来说可能看起来很奇怪或疯狂，但所有这些表情实际上可能都是有目的的。)”指出了音乐家在演奏时的面部表情是什么样的，由此可知，空处应指出音乐家的身体动作之一就是面部表情，B项“其中最能体现这一点的身体部位显然就是脸部。”承上启下，them代指上文“body movements”，故选B。 【36题详解】 上文“Firstly, playing a musical instrument usually requires intense focus and concentration.(首先，演奏乐器通常需要高度集中注意力)”指出演奏乐器通常需要高度集中注意力，所以音乐家会在演奏时完全沉浸于表演中，G项“音乐家经常进入一种“心流”状态，他们完全沉浸在他们正在创作的音乐中。”承接上文，故选G。 【37题详解】 上文“Their facial expressions can be a demonstration of the intense emotions and physical effort that go hand-in-hand with musical performance.(他们的面部表情可以表现出与音乐表演密切相关的强烈情感和体力。)”指出面部表情的好处之一是可以表现出与音乐表演密切相关的强烈情感和体力，下文“Musicians have a strong emotional connection with the music they perform. They often use their facial expressions to express the mood and interpretation of the music, which creates a more engaging musical experience. (音乐家与他们演奏的音乐有着强烈的情感联系。他们经常用面部表情来表达音乐的情绪和诠释，从而创造出更具吸引力的音乐体验。)”指出音乐家用面部表情来表达音乐的情绪，E项“面部表情还可以帮助音乐家交流情感和艺术表达。”介绍了面部表情的其他好处，故选E。 【38题详解】 上文“Performing live music is a rather stressful experience, so it could be that the performer is expressing those nerves through their face-biting the bottom lip, for example. Luckily, nerves will often go away soon after a musician starts performing.(表演现场音乐是一种相当紧张的体验，因此表演者可能会通过咬下嘴唇等方式来表达这些紧张情绪。幸运的是，音乐家开始表演后，紧张往往很快就会消失)”指出表演者可能会通过咬下嘴唇等方式来表达紧张情绪，但是音乐家在表演的时候不会出现紧张情绪，所以紧张情绪不是音乐家出现这些奇怪面部表情的原因，C项“它们可能不会成为整个表演过程中出现这些奇怪面孔的主要原因。”承接上文，they代指上文的nerves，故选C。 【39题详解】 上文“Another interesting thing is that making facial expressions can have a physiological impact on the musician’s performance. Some research suggests that certain facial movements can activate specific muscles and improve muscle harmonization.(另一件有趣的事情是，面部表情会对音乐家的表演产生生理影响。一些研究表明，某些面部动作可以激活特定的肌肉并改善肌肉的协调性)”指出面部表情会对音乐家的表演产生生理影响——可以激活特定的肌肉并改善肌肉的协调性，空处承接上文，指出这种生理影响对音乐家表演时所带来的好处，D项“这种效果对于演奏乐器时控制肌肉特别有帮助。”符合语境，Such effects呼应上文的activate specific muscles and improve muscle harmonization，故选D。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Tom, a 15-year-old inventor and entrepreneur (创业者), witnessed at his own school the widespread consumption of sugary drinks by kids. He knew there had to be a better portable drink solution and decided to innovate from something he saw in his own home: fruit infused (浸泡) water. Tom watched his mum make healthy fruit infusions but then struggle for a take-along option. From observing his mum and from his desire to give kids better drink options, he came up with his original model for the Fun Bottle. “I wanted to come up with a healthy, natural way for people to drink when on the go. A big part of my mission is to get people of all ages off sugary drinks,” Tom explains. The bottle is made with a strainer (滤网) that allows the great tastes and natural sugars of the various fruits and vegetables you choose to come through the water, without any of the seeds or skins flowing through. Tom is proud of his design and excited to be selling the Fun Bottle on his website and in stores, but this 15-year-old is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others. It helps to provide healthy alternatives to sugary drinks; and also Tom donates part of the profits to the Organisation for a Healthier Generation (OHG). Tom has been awarded several prizes, but this teenage innovator remains humble. When asked what advice he’d give other entrepreneurial youth, he says, “Prepare and have your family’s support. It is important to know from the beginning that there are a lot of highs and lows, and there is no such thing as overnight success.” 40. What did Tom witness at his own school? 41. Where did Tom get the idea for the original model for the Fun Bottle? 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Tom is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others because he not only provides healthy alternatives to sugary drinks but also donates all the profits to the OHG. 43. Among Tom’s qualities, which one(s) do you think will be important for us? Why?(In about 40 words) 【答案】40. Tom witnessed the widespread consumption of sugary drinks by kids at his own school. 41. Tom got the idea from observing his mum make healthy fruit infusions but then struggle for a take-along option. 42. Tom is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others because he not only provides healthy alternatives to sugary drinks but also donates all the profits to the OHG. Tom donates part of the profits to the OHG. 43. I think the quality of perspicacity will be important, because this insight can help us constantly find our own shortcomings in our lives, which in turn can help us improve ourselves.(31) 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述15岁的汤姆看到自己学校的学生喝含糖的饮料，随后发明了一种适合所有年龄的人们可以喝的无糖的健康饮料。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句“Tom, a 15-year-old inventor and entrepreneur (创业者), witnessed at his own school the widespread consumption of sugary drinks by kids.”（汤姆，一个15岁的发明家和企业家，在他自己的学校目睹了孩子们大量消费含糖饮料）可知，作为15岁的发明家和创业者，汤姆在学校目睹了孩子们广泛消费含糖饮料。故答案为Tom witnessed the widespread consumption of sugary drinks by kids at his own school. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句中“Tom watched his mum make healthy fruit infusions ”（汤姆看着他的妈妈制作健康的水果饮料）第二句“ From observing his mum and from his desire to give kids better drink options, he came up with his original model for the Fun Bottle. ”（从观察他的母亲和他要给孩子们更好的饮料选择的愿望，他想出了他的原始模型的Fun Bottle）可知，汤姆在观察母亲制作水果饮料的过程中得到启发，才有了Fun Bottle的原始模型。故答案为Tom got the idea from observing his mum make healthy fruit infusions but then struggle for a take-along option. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段中“but this 15-year-old is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others. It helps to provide healthy alternatives to sugary drinks; and also Tom donates part of the profits to the Organisation for a Healthier Generation (OHG).”（但是这个15岁的孩子最感到自豪的是Fun Bottle带给其他人的机会。它有助于对含糖饮料提供健康的替代品。而且汤姆还捐赠了部分利润为一个名为OHG的组织）可知，汤姆把自己产品的部分利润，并非全部利润，捐给了OHG。所以错误在于“all the profits”，应修改为“part of the profits”，故答案为Tom is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others because he not only provides healthy alternatives to sugary drinks but also donates all the profits to the OHG. Tom donates part of the profits to the OHG. 【43题详解】 开放题，言之有理即可。根据第一段第一句“Tom, a 15-year-old inventor and entrepreneur (创业者), witnessed at his own school the widespread consumption of sugary drinks by kids.”（汤姆，一个15岁的发明家和企业家，在他自己的学校目睹了孩子们广泛消费含糖饮料）第二段中““I wanted to come up with a healthy, natural way for people to drink when on the go. A big part of my mission is to get people of all ages off sugary drinks,” Tom explains.”（“我想出一种健康、自然的方式，让人们在旅途中喝。我的一大任务就是让所有年龄段的人都不再喝含糖饮料,”汤姆解释说）可知，汤姆在看到学生喝含糖的饮料时，他想到要发明出一种适合所有年龄段都能喝的不含糖的饮料，可推知，汤姆是一个很有聪颖的，有洞察力的人。这种洞察力在我们的生活中可以帮助我们不断发现自己的不足，进而帮助我们提升自己。故答案为：I think the quality of perspicacity im is portant, because this insight can help us constantly find our own shortcomings in our lives, which in turn can help us improve ourselves.(31) 44. 第二节 44. Dear readers, We are looking for the Most Influential Figure in the World among teenagers. Please write to us and recommend someone you look up to, sharing his or her stories and influences on you. Please email us at teens@time.com. TIME for Teens 注意：1. 词数100词左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Sir or Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Sir or Madam, I’m glad to recommend Yuan Longping, who is the most influential figure that I deeply admire. He was a great scientist who spent his whole life studying hybrid rice. He worked hard day and night to help people get enough food, which has saved millions of lives around the world. What impresses me most is that he never gave up even when he met huge difficulties. His story tells me that I should keep my dream and try my best to help others. I also realize that true greatness comes from hard work and a kind heart. I believe he is well worth being chosen and he sets a good role model for all teenagers. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】题目要求考生向杂志方推荐一位自己敬仰的、对青少年有影响力的名人，并分享其故事以及对自己的影响。 【详解】1.词汇积累 研究：study → research 帮助：help → assist 放弃：give up → quit 尽最大努力：try my best → do my utmost 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I’m glad to recommend Yuan Longping, who is the most influential figure that I deeply admire. 拓展句：I’m glad to recommend Yuan Longping because he is the most influential figure that I deeply admire. 【点睛】【高分句型1】He was a great scientist who spent his whole life studying hybrid rice. (运用了who引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】What impresses me most is that he never gave up even when he met huge difficulties. (运用了What引导的主语从句、that引导的表语从句以及when引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026北京二十中高一（下）期中 英 语 （时间：90分钟 满分100分 必修二模块结业考试） 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 As the foreign English teacher at my school, I have a weekly English music broadcast where I showcase different English songs. I try to get the students to recommend songs to me for the broadcast. At the broadcast, I usually announce who recommended the song and then____1____ it for everyone to hear during lunch time. I offer everyone an opportunity to share themselves through their music, including one____2____student of mine. This student____3____gets into fights with the other students, doesn’t study, and brings down the energy of the class.Most of the other teachers and students push him away. I knew though that he just needed a friend, or at least someone he could____4____with. I could tell he was warming up to me over the last year.I told him to____5____a song he likes that has some English words in it and I would play it on the broadcast for him.He eventually recommended a song. I actually really liked the song so I put it on the broadcast and made sure to announce his name,so everyone knew that he____6____and recommended such a great song. Needless to say,the boy was____7____, and he’s been much happier and focused in English class ever since. While everyone else misunderstood him and pushed him away, I saw him right through and knew that he just needed someone who____8____him. There’s still a language____9____between us, but words aren’t needed, because you can always sense where you’re at with someone. He recently walked by me and gave me the most genuine smile that I’d ever seen. My coworker turned to me and said “I’ve never seen him smile like that before. How did you get through to him?” “I gave him a____10____,”I said, “through just one song.” 1. A. accept B. play C. choose D. change 2. A. absent B. anxious C. tough D. quiet 3. A. constantly B. finally C. carefully D. obviously 4. A. cooperate B. agree C. argue D. connect 5. A. think of B. listen to C. talk about D. hand out 6. A. gathered B. contributed C. remembered D. wrote 7. A. interested B. confused C. astonished D. excited 8. A. acknowledged B. persuaded C. entertained D. impressed 9. A. trap B. boundary C. barrier D. disorder 10. A. word B. chance C. gift D. game 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Some people are living very long lives. What are some of their secrets to longevity? Eating the right food plays a big role. Exercise is also important. In 2023, a study ____11____ (find) that people who exercised at recommended levels gained 3-4 years of life ____12____ (compare) to those who were inactive. In addition, there is also a link between happiness and lifespan — happy people with a positive outlook on life tend to live ____13____ (long) and experience better health than their unhappy peers. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 2015 was the year _____14_____ Tu Youyou’s team found malaria treatment. She is renowned for discovering artemisinin, which _____15_____ (use) widely in malaria-endemic regions. Today, the discovery is recognized as a milestone in medical history, particularly because in her cure _____16_____ malaria, traditional approaches are combined creatively with modern science. Her perseverance in challenging environments shows her _____17_____ (commit) to scientific progress. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A study shows that 176 bird species have been found to build nests from human litter like plastic bags and fishing nets. ____18____ worries the scientists is that such materials can harm chicks and even adult birds. The study reviews research ____19____ (cover) almost 35,000 nests and finds that birds use human-made materials in nests on all continents except Antarctica. While such behaviour was observed as early as in the 1830s, undoubtedly it ____20____ (increase) in recent years. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A COMPETITION Draw a sea creature for our ocean poster Are you a gifted artist? Do you think you can draw a prize-winning dolphin or shark? In celebration of World Ocean Day on 8 June, The Week Junior is running a competition to create an awesome poster featuring some of the world’s coolest sea creatures, and your artwork could be part of it! How to enter Draw a picture of your favorite sea creature and send your picture by email to competitions@theweekjunior.com with OCEAN POSTER as the subject line by 10 April 2022. Make sure you’ve included your name, age, chosen sea creature, the address and phone number of your parent or guardian. Once the competition has closed, our judges will pick 10 of the best animal drawings. They will be looking for the most creative and colorful drawings, so don’t be afraid to go big! What you could win The winning pictures will be shown on a The Week Junior ocean poster. Each winner will also receive a paint brush set worth over £80, which will be delivered to you. Terms and conditions The Week Junior will not share your personal details with third parties. The Week Junior will only use personal details to contact the competition winners. No responsibility can be accepted for entries that have been lost or damaged in transit( 运送 ), any technical failure or any event that may cause the competition to stop. Entries must be received before 11:59 pm on 10 April 2022. All winners will be informed accordingly 4–6 weeks after the competition closes. By entering the competition all participants give permission for their artwork to be published online. Entries cannot be returned to senders. 21. The drawing competition is held to ________. A. celebrate World Ocean Day B. help the talented artists C. advertise The Week Junior D. protect dolphins and sharks 22. Winners of the competition will ________. A. meet the judges B. get prize money C. accept delivery of prizes D. receive an ocean poster 23. What will The Week Junior be responsible for? A. The privacy of the participants. B. The damage or loss of pictures. C. The return of the artwork to the senders. D. The computer problems in sending emails. B This little South American Magellanic penguin swims 5,000 miles, to a beach in Brazil, every year in order to be reunited with the man who saved its life. It sounds like something out of a fairy tale, but it’s true! 71-year-old retired brick worker Joao, who lives in an island village just outside Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, found the small Magellanic penguin lying on rocks at his local beach in 2011. The penguin was covered in oil and running out of time fast. Joao rescued the penguin, naming it Din, cleaned the oil off its feathers and fed him a daily diet of fish to rebuild its strength. After a week of recovery, Joao attempted to release the penguin back into the wild. However, Din had already formed a family bond with his rescuer and wouldn’t leave. “He stayed with me for 11 months and then, just after he changed his coat with new feathers, he disappeared,” Joao recalls. “I love the penguin like it’s my own child and I believe the penguin loves me,” Joao told Globo TV. “No one else is allowed to touch him. He pecks (啄) them if they do. He lies on my lap, lets me give him showers, and allows me to feed him.” Professor Krajewski, a biologist who interviewed the fisherman for Globo TV, told The Independent: “I have never seen anything like this before. I think the penguin believes Joao is part of his family and probably a penguin as well.” However, environmentalists warn that, while hundreds of the Magellanic species are known to naturally migrate (迁徙) thousands of miles north in search of food, there has been a worrying rise in the phenomenon of oceanic creatures washing up on Brazil’s beaches. Professor David Zee from Rio de Janeiro’s State University, said the increase is due in part to global climatic changes. Professor Zee added that sea animals face increased danger from leaked tanker oil. Luckily the ending for Joao and Din has been a happy one, even though it is illegal in Brazil to keep wild animals as pets. Professor Krajewski said: “Professionals who work with animals try to avoid relationships like this occurring so they are able to reintroduce the animal into the wild. But in this single case the authorities allowed Din to stay with Joao because of his kindness.” 24. Every year Din swims a long distance to a beach in Brazil to ______. A. avoid being killed B. meet his rescuer C. escape from ocean currents D. find much more fish 25. When Din was found in 2011 ______. A. he was dying B. he was running on the beach C. he was resting on a rock D. he was cleaning oil off his feathers 26. What can we learn about Joao from the passage? A. He is not allowed to keep the penguin as a pet by the authorities. B. He overprotects the penguin by keeping him away from others. C. His contact with the penguin is encouraged by professionals. D. His kindness wins the penguin’s trust. 27. The story in the passage mainly shows ______. A. the environmental impact on wildlife B. the love between humans and wildlife C. the tendency of wildlife to bond with humans D. the protection of threatened wildlife by mankind C In 2012, James Cameron, creator of Avatar and Titanic, became the first person to reach the Challenger Deep. When he arrived at the deepest spot on Earth at 7 miles below sea level, he spent hours mapping the region and taking photos and samples. “As human beings, we’re drawn to absolutes — the deepest, the highest, the coldest, the farthest,” he says. “And as a storyteller and curious monkey, I just wanted to see what was there.” The answer is obvious — plastic and more. “Our so-called civilization is using the ocean as its toilet,” Cameron says. “Unless this changes, ocean ecosystems are going to continue their rapid collapse.” Despite decades of environmental studies, the impact of plastic and other forms of pollution on oceans are not entirely understood. Initial studies appear to indicate that ingesting (摄取) them — either directly or indirectly — could cause disease. Plastics can also release poisonous substances into the water, which could potentially impact animal populations. But plastic is just one of the problems facing oceans that have yet to be fully understood. “Plastic waste in the ocean is horrifying but is only the most obvious of our many deadly waste streams, which include carbon that’s heating the atmosphere and making the ocean acidic, and the run-off nutrients from all the world’s agriculture, which is causing anoxic (缺氧的) dead zones the size of countries,” Cameron says. Oceans, like the rest of the world, are impacted by the burning of fossil fuels and the release of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide — about 30 percent of which is absorbed by the sea. This absorption causes ocean acidification, where the pH level is altered to become more acidic. As a result, it’s harder for some creatures to form shells and skeletons and countless species at the base of the food web can struggle to survive, which, scientists say, has the potential to cause huge disruptions to entire ecosystems. Indeed, ocean acidification is thought to have played an important role in Earth’s worst-ever mass extinction event 252 million years ago. The effect of climate change on the world’s oceans will likely worsen in coming decades. Last June, scientists announced carbon dioxide levels had reached the highest levels since human records began. The last time carbon dioxide levels were this high was during the Pliocene era, between 3 and 5 million years ago, when global temperatures were about 4 degrees Celsius warmer than they are today. Current climate models suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue on their current trend, we may be on course to see 4 degrees of warming by 2100. As a result, understanding the role oceans have on global systems is becoming more and more important. 28. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about? A. The author’s feelings to the ocean. B. Cameron’s movies and remarks. C. The author’s discoveries under the sea. D. Cameron’s observation and concern. 29. What does the underlined word “disruptions” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Decreases. B. Destruction. C. Diseases. D. Discrimination. 30. Why does the author mention the mass extinction event 252 million years ago? A. To call on people to protect sea animals. B. To compare current situations with the past. C. To explain how serious the ocean problem is. D. To prove pollution to be the cause of acidification. 31. What can we infer from the passage? A. Several countries are suffering from anoxic dead zones. B. More concern should have been given to the pollution on oceans. C. Plastic is supposed to be the most serious environmental problem. D. Ocean acidification removes the nutrients from agricultural products. D The argument that human-caused carbon emissions (排放) are merely a drop in the bucket compared to greenhouse gases generated by volcanoes has been making its way around the rumor mill for years. And while it seems to be reasonable, the science just doesn’t back it up. According to the US Geological Survey (USGS), the world’s volcanoes, both on land and undersea, generate about 200 million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) annually, while our automotive and industrial activities cause some 24 billion tons of CO2 emissions every year worldwide. Despite the arguments to the contrary, the facts speak for themselves: Greenhouse gas emissions from volcanoes compose less than one percent of those generated by today’s human activities. Another indication that human emissions surpass those of volcanoes is the fact that atmospheric CO2 levels, as measured by sampling stations around the world, have gone up consistently year after year regardless of whether or not there have been major volcanic eruptions in specific years. “If it were true that individual volcanic eruptions dominated human emissions and were causing the rise in carbon dioxide concentrations, then these carbon dioxide records would be full of spikes — one for each eruption,” says Coby Beck, a journalist writing for online environmental news. “Instead, such records show a smooth and regular trend.” Furthermore, some scientists believe that volcanic eruptions, like that of Mt.St. Helens in 1980 and Mt. Pinatubo in 1991, actually lead to short-term global cooling, not warming, as sulfur dioxide (SO2), ash and other particles in the air and stratosphere (平流层) reflect some solar energy instead of letting it into Earth’s atmosphere. SO2, which converts to sulfuric acid aerosol, when it hits the stratosphere, can linger there for as long as seven years and can exercise a cooling effect long after a volcanic eruption has taken place. Scientists tracking the effects of the major 1991 eruption of the Philippines’ Mt. Pinatubo found that the overall effect of the blast was to cool the surface of the Earth globally by some 0.5 degrees Celsius a year later, even though rising human greenhouse gas emissions and an El Nino event caused some surface warming during the 1991 — 1993 study period. In an interesting twist on the issue, British researchers last year published an article in the peer reviewed scientific journal Nature showing how volcanic activity may be contributing to the melting of ice caps in Antarctica but not because of any emissions, natural or man-made. Instead, scientists Hugh Corr and David Vaughan of the British Antarctic Survey believe that volcanoes underneath Antarctica may be melting the continents ice sheets from below, just as warming air temperatures from human-induced emissions erode them from above. 32. According to Paragraph 1, some people argue that . A. their opinion is supported by science B. volcanoes generate most of the greenhouse gases C. human activities are to blame for greenhouse gases D. carbon emissions produced by volcanoes are increasing 33. What does the underlined word “spikes” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Sudden increases. B. Smooth trends. C. Stable regularities. D. Sharp declines. 34. The purpose of the passage is to . A. compare the results of the studies B. contradict a view held by some people C. present new findings for greenhouse phenomenon D. report the effects of CO2, in greenhouse phenomenon 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When you go to concerts, you expect your favorite musician to perform amazingly on stage. But you may have noticed something curious that most musicians don’t just play with their fingers. They also involve body movements that fit the song’s beat or dance following the music. ____35____ The facial expressions musicians show when playing may seem strange or crazy to an outsider, but all that pulling faces might actually serve a purpose. Firstly, playing a musical instrument usually requires intense focus and concentration. ____36____ Their facial expressions can be a demonstration of the intense emotions and physical effort that go hand-in-hand with musical performance. They’re often subconscious-in fact, many of us will pull strange faces when we’re deeply involved in an activity we care about. ____37____Musicians have a strong emotional connection with the music they perform. They often use their facial expressions to express the mood and interpretation of the music, which creates a more engaging musical experience. While facial expressions may not directly make someone a better musician, they might contribute to the overall artistry of the music. Performing live music is a rather stressful experience, so it could be that the performer is expressing those nerves through their face-biting the bottom lip, for example. Luckily, nerves will often go away soon after a musician starts performing. ____38____ The facial expressions obviously to some extent express the performer’s inner world. Another interesting thing is that making facial expressions can have a physiological impact on the musician’s performance. Some research suggests that certain facial movements can activate specific muscles and improve muscle harmonization. ____39____However, it’s important to note that this relationship is still not well understood, and the extent to which facial expressions directly impact musical competence is a subject of ongoing investigation. A. When you’re really focused, you don’t care about the outside world. B. Among them the part of the body that best exhibits this is obviously the face. C. They likely won’t be the main cause for those strange faces throughout a performance. D. Such effects are particularly helpful in controlling muscles when playing an instrument. E. Facial expressions can also help musicians communicate emotions and artistic expression. F. Musicians are often overcome with emotion from the music itself or the reaction of the crowd. G. Musicians often enter a state of “flow”, where they become completely absorbed in the music they’re creating. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Tom, a 15-year-old inventor and entrepreneur (创业者), witnessed at his own school the widespread consumption of sugary drinks by kids. He knew there had to be a better portable drink solution and decided to innovate from something he saw in his own home: fruit infused (浸泡) water. Tom watched his mum make healthy fruit infusions but then struggle for a take-along option. From observing his mum and from his desire to give kids better drink options, he came up with his original model for the Fun Bottle. “I wanted to come up with a healthy, natural way for people to drink when on the go. A big part of my mission is to get people of all ages off sugary drinks,” Tom explains. The bottle is made with a strainer (滤网) that allows the great tastes and natural sugars of the various fruits and vegetables you choose to come through the water, without any of the seeds or skins flowing through. Tom is proud of his design and excited to be selling the Fun Bottle on his website and in stores, but this 15-year-old is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others. It helps to provide healthy alternatives to sugary drinks; and also Tom donates part of the profits to the Organisation for a Healthier Generation (OHG). Tom has been awarded several prizes, but this teenage innovator remains humble. When asked what advice he’d give other entrepreneurial youth, he says, “Prepare and have your family’s support. It is important to know from the beginning that there are a lot of highs and lows, and there is no such thing as overnight success.” 40. What did Tom witness at his own school? 41. Where did Tom get the idea for the original model for the Fun Bottle? 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Tom is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others because he not only provides healthy alternatives to sugary drinks but also donates all the profits to the OHG. 43. Among Tom’s qualities, which one(s) do you think will be important for us? Why?(In about 40 words) 44. 第二节 44. Dear readers, We are looking for the Most Influential Figure in the World among teenagers. Please write to us and recommend someone you look up to, sharing his or her stories and influences on you. Please email us at teens@time.com. TIME for Teens 注意：1. 词数100词左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Sir or Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $