精品解析：陕西省西安市周至县部分学校2024-2025学年七年级下学期5月月考英语试卷

2024—2025学年度第二学期周期学业能力评鉴 七年级英语（三） 考生注意：本试卷全卷满分120分，考试时间120分钟。请将答案填写在题后相应的位置。 第一部分（听力 共30分） Ⅰ. 听选答案（共15小题，计20分） 第一节：听下而10段对话，每段对话后有一个问题，读两遍。请根据每段对话的内容和后面的问题，从所给的三个选项中选出问题的正确答案。（共10小题，计10分） 1. A. To turn off the light. B. To turn off the tap. C. To turn on the tap. 2. A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 3. A. David. B. Tom. C. The woman. 4. A. By bike. B. On foot. C. By bus. 5. A. The dolphin. B. The cat. C. The fox. 6. A. Every morning. B. Once a week. C. Never. 7. A. Turn it down. B. Turn it on. C. Turn it off. 8. A. On Wednesday afternoon. B. On Thursday afternoon. C. On Friday afternoon. 9. A. He likes coffee. B. He likes milk. C. He likes juice. 10. A. He often swims. B. He often plays basketball. C. He often plays volleyball. 第二节：听下面两段材料，每段材料后有几道小题，请根据材料的内容，从题目所给的三个选项中选出问题的正确答案。每段材料读两遍。（共5小题，计10分） 听第1段材料，回答第11、12小题。 11. What’s the relationship (关系) between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Mother and son. C. Brother and sister. 12. What did Mike forget to do? A. Have dinner. B. Turn off the TV. C. Turn off the tap. 听第2段材料，回答第13至15小题。 13. What’s Amy’s favourite animal? A. The koala. B. The tiger. C. The elephant. 14. Why does Tim like elephants? A. Because elephants are cute. B. Because elephants can help people. C. Because elephants are scary. 15. What time will the speakers meet at the zoo tomorrow? A. At 9:00. B. At 9:13. C. At 9:30. Ⅱ. 听填信息（共5小题，计10分） 本题你将听到一段独白，读两遍。请根据独白内容，用所听到的信息完成下列各题。（每空不超过三个单词） 16. Some students from Class 2, Grade 7 of No.9 Junior High School are ________ by the river. 17. The tallest boy is digging ________ in the ground. 18. Two girls with ________ are carrying some water for the trees. 19. Jim is writing ________ for the trees. 20. All the students enjoy planting trees a lot and hope to make our ________ more beautiful. 第二部分（笔试 共90分） Ⅲ. 完形填空（共20小题，计20分） 第一节：阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 It is a hot summer evening. Ma Xiaoming and his brother Ma Daming finished their homework just now. They are very happy, ____1____ their mother allows them to watch TV for half an hour. They ____2____ TV in the living room. Suddenly the TV is off. Xiaoming tries to turn it back on, but it doesn’t work. They soon know that there is no ____3____. What can they do? “Do you want to go outside to watch ____4____ with me?” Daming asks. “Yes, I’d love to,” Xiaoming says ____5____. Without streetlights, the stars are bright and it is very easy to see them. Lying on the grass, they see different kinds of stars. How beautiful! After watching the stars for ____6____ hour, the boys go back home. There ____7____ only some candles. They spend the night playing cards and telling stories with ____8____ parents. They really ____9____ watching stars and the time with their family. Sometimes we ____10____ have a different lifestyle and enjoy all the things that life gives us. 1. A. and B. because C. so D. but 2. A. watched B. watches C. are watching D. to watch 3. A. water B. electricity C. food D. time 4. A. star B. stars C. light D. lights 5. A. happy B. happily C. more happily D. happier 6. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7. A. is B. was C. are D. were 8. A. their B. they C. them D. theirs 9. A. enjoy B. dislike C. enjoys D. dislikes 10. A. can’t B. can C. must D. mustn’t 第二节：阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 World Water Day is celebrated ____11____ March 22 every year. It is a day to learn about water problems and take action to save water. It reminds (提醒) people of the importance of fresh ____12____ and the need to protect it. Water is necessary for ____13____, but many people around the world still lack (缺乏) clean water. About 2.2 billion people in the world do not have safe drinking water, so we ____14____ protect this important resource. The United Nations started this day in 1993 ____15____ people how to use water wisely. Each year has a different ____16____, such as “Water for All” or “Saving Water.” People organize events like clean-up activities and educational programs. Schools and communities ____17____ activities like designing posters, having competitions and water-saving challenges. We can all help ____18____ water. For example, turn off the tap while brushing your teeth, take ____19____ showers. Small actions can make a big difference! Let’s work together to keep our water ____20____ and safe for everyone! 11. A. in B. on C. at D. by 12. A. fruit B. food C. air D. water 13. A. life B. live C. leaves D. leaf 14. A. may B. can C. must D. mustn’t 15. A. to teach B. to help C. to ask D. to start 16. A. meaning B. topic C. article D. work 17. A. happen B. happens C. holds D. hold 18. A. waste B. fix C. save D. borrow 19. A. short B. long C. cold D. hot 20. A. dirty B. clean C. grey D. salt Ⅳ. 阅读理解（共15小题，计20分） 第一节：阅读下面A、B、C三篇材料，从所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。（共10小题，计15分） A Dongting Lake It is a large freshwater lake in Hunan Province, China. It is the second-largest freshwater lake in China. It is about 2,700 square kilometers. It is famous for its beautiful scenery and rich wildlife. Lake Annecy (Lac d’Annecy) (安纳西湖) It lies in the southeast of France. It is known as Europe’s cleanest lake because of strict environmental rules. The water is very clear and blue, perfect for swimming. The town “Annecy” is called the “Venice of the Alps’’ for its canals (运河) 21. Dongting Lake is a great place to ________. A. go fishing B. go on a trip C. go shopping D. go swimming 22. What can we learn from the passage? A. Dongting Lake is a large freshwater lake in Hubei Province. B. Lake Annecy is the cleanest lake in Europe. C. Lake Annecy is not perfect for swimming. D. Dongting Lake is famous for its clean water. 23. Where can we read the text? A. In a geography book. B. In a math book. C. In a music book. D. In a picture book. B Nowadays, more and more people are talking about electric cars. Electric cars do not use gas. These cars have batteries that power their motors (马达). The batteries can be charged (充电) many times. They can be used (被使用) again and again. This makes electric cars great. They are cleaner because they don’t produce smoke. Electricity is cheaper than gas, so driving an electric car saves money. Electric cars are better for the environment, especially if the electricity comes from solar (太阳能) or wind power (风能). But electric cars have problems, too. They are slower than gas cars. They are also very quiet. This means that some people can’t hear them when they go by. They may not think a car is coming. So they have to be careful. Electric cars are cleaner and cheaper to use, but gas cars are still more common. Most cars run on gas. Gas cars work very well. But there is a problem. Cars that run on gas make the air dirty. The dirty air is not good for people, animals or trees. People are finding ways to make electric cars better all the time. In the future, electric cars may become the best choice! 24. What does the underlined word “they” refer to (指的是)？ A. Gas cars. B. Some people. C. Electric cars. D. The batteries. 25. Why do people have to be careful about electric cars? A. Because they are quiet. B. Because they are fast. C. Because they are too big. D. Because they make the air dirty. 26. What’s the problem with gas cars? A. They are too big. B. They are noisy. C. They are too small. D. They make the air dirty. 27. What’s the best title for the passage? A. The problems of gas cars B. People who study cars C. The problems of electric cars D. Gas cars and electric cars C The kangaroo was given its name by English tourists in the 18th century. One day, when English explorers first arrived in Australia, they saw a strange animal hopping (跳跃) around. It had strong legs, a long tail, and carried its baby in a pouch. They never saw anything like it before! Curiously, they asked a local man, “What is this animal called?” The man replied, “Kangaroo.” The explorers thought this was its name and started calling it that. But later, they learned something funny—in the local language, “kangaroo” (or “gangurru”) actually meant “I don’t understand you!” The man wasn’t naming the animal; he just didn’t know what the explorers were saying! Now, we still call this amazing animal a “kangaroo”. The kangaroo can be 1.5m tall when standing upright and the male can weigh as heavy as 50 kg. The female is smaller and lighter than the male. The kangaroo’s head is small, but its ears are large, and its forefeet are really small. The animal has strong back legs and a long tail. When it’s in danger, it can use its back legs and strong tail to protect itself. 28. Who gave the kangaroo its name in the 18th century? A. American tourists. B. English tourists. C. French tourists. D. Australian tourists. 29. What does the kangaroo use to protect itself? A. The ears. B. The weight. C. The front legs. D. The back legs and strong tail. 30. What should be the title of this article? A. The Story of the Kangaroo B. The Story of the Kangaroo’s Shape C. The Story of English tourists D. The Story of Australia 第二节：根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题，计5分） The emperor (帝王) penguin is the tallest and heaviest of all penguins. Where can we see them? We can see them in the Antarctic (南极), ____31____. The emperor penguins live with many other emperor penguins. These birds cannot fly, ____32____ They are good at swimming. They can swim 6 km to 9 km an hour. Also, they can stay under the water for about 20 minutes at a time. ____33____ Emperor penguins are good parents. The mother penguin has only one egg every year. Then she gives it to the father penguin. ____34____ The father penguin usually keeps the egg warm on his feet. He doesn’t go anywhere. The mother travels to find food. They show strong family love. After two months, the baby penguin comes out of the egg. Both parents take good care of their baby, teaching us about team work and responsibility. ____35____ They can live in harsh (恶劣的) environments. They are cute and interesting, at the same time, they have team work and a strong sense of responsibility. A. the coldest (最寒冷的) place on Earth. B. Baby penguins look very lovely. C. but they can swim well. D. He stays with the egg all the time. E. What will the father penguin do next? F. So they can dive deep into the ocean to catch fish. G. This is why so many people love emperor penguins. Ⅴ. 完成句子：根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。（共5小题，计10分） 36. 你应该立刻回家。 You should go home ________. 37. 你是最后一个离开教室的，你能把灯关掉吗？ You are the last one to leave the classroom. Can you ________ the lights? 38. 空调使我们的教室夏天凉爽。 ________ keep our classroom cool in summer. 39. 玩电子游戏对我们的健康有害。 ________ is bad for our health. 40. 我们通过节约用电来关心环境。 We ________ the environment by saving electricity. Ⅵ. 短文填空：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。）（共10小题，计10分） most make the be get look salt no for must Do you want to know why ____41____ Earth looks blue from space? That’s why scientists call it the “Blue Planet”! About 71% of Earth’s surface is covered by water—____42____ in oceans. When sunlight hits the water, it reflects blue light. It ____43____ our planet shine like a blue jewel (宝石) in space. Astronaut Yang Liwei said Earth ____44____ like a “blue-and-white pearl (珍珠)” from his spaceship! But most of the water on the Earth is ____45____ water. In fact, only about 2.5% of the water on our planet ____46____ fresh water. However, we are not able to use all of it. ____47____ example, we can’t ____48____ the fresh water in rocks deep underground. In the end, the fresh water that we can use is less than 1% of the water on the Earth! That’s why we ____49____ protect every drop—because without water, there would be ____50____ life on our beautiful blue home. Ⅶ. 任务型阅读：阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。（共5小题，计10分） Water is very important in our lives. We use it every day. But people use water without thinking where it comes from or how valuable it is. The water we use comes from clouds in the sky as rain. Rainwater fills lakes, rivers, seas and so on. And people use it in many ways. The most important use of water is for drinking. Without water humans can live for a week at most. When we heat water to 100℃, it boils and turns into steam. This is how we make tea, cook noodles. We also need water to keep our bodies and our homes clean. Water always moves from one place to another, as what we often see in seas, rivers and lakes. Moving water produces energy. People use the energy in the moving water to produce electricity. However, some people waste water. They leave the tap running or use too much for cleaning. We must remember that water is valuable. We should turn off taps after use and reuse water when possible. We can also grow some plants that don’t need a lot of water in the garden. 51. Where does the water come from? The water comes from ________ as rain. 52. How long can a person live without water at most? Without water, humans can live ________ at most. 53. What can we do with the energy in the moving water? We can use the energy in the moving water to ________. 54. After using water, what should we do? We should ________ after using water. 55. What is the best title for the passage? It is “________”. Ⅶ. 补全对话（共5小题，计5分） 根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。 A: Hi, Tom. ____56____. B: I listened to a speech yesterday. A: ____57____? B: It was about the greenhouse effect. We should do something to protect the environment. A: You are right. ____58____ B: Well, we can start with saving water and electricity as the first step. A: How about planting more trees? B: ____59____. We can also take our glass, paper and plastic to a recycling center. A: Thank you for your sharing with us. B: ____60____. Let’s share with more people. A: See you! Ⅸ. 书面表达（共1题，计15分） 61. 你的老师想让你给同学们分享一些节约用电的行为，请你根据以下提示写一篇演讲稿。 内容包括：1. 电在我们日常生活中的作用； 2. 如何做到节约用电； 3. 倡议大家共同节约用电。 写作要求：1. 必须包含要点内容，可适当发挥； 2. 语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范； 3. 文章不得出现你的任何真实信息（姓名，校名和地名等）； 4. 词数：不少于50词。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024—2025学年度第二学期周期学业能力评鉴 七年级英语（三） 考生注意：本试卷全卷满分120分，考试时间120分钟。请将答案填写在题后相应的位置。 第一部分（听力 共30分） Ⅰ. 听选答案（共15小题，计20分） 第一节：听下而10段对话，每段对话后有一个问题，读两遍。请根据每段对话的内容和后面的问题，从所给的三个选项中选出问题的正确答案。（共10小题，计10分） 1. A. To turn off the light. B. To turn off the tap. C. To turn on the tap. 2. A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 3. A. David. B. Tom. C. The woman. 4. A. By bike. B. On foot. C. By bus. 5. A. The dolphin. B. The cat. C. The fox. 6. A. Every morning. B. Once a week. C. Never. 7. A. Turn it down. B. Turn it on. C. Turn it off. 8. A. On Wednesday afternoon. B. On Thursday afternoon. C. On Friday afternoon. 9. A. He likes coffee. B. He likes milk. C. He likes juice. 10. A. He often swims. B. He often plays basketball. C. He often plays volleyball. 第二节：听下面两段材料，每段材料后有几道小题，请根据材料的内容，从题目所给的三个选项中选出问题的正确答案。每段材料读两遍。（共5小题，计10分） 听第1段材料，回答第11、12小题。 11. What’s the relationship (关系) between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Mother and son. C. Brother and sister. 12. What did Mike forget to do? A. Have dinner. B. Turn off the TV. C. Turn off the tap. 听第2段材料，回答第13至15小题。 13. What’s Amy’s favourite animal? A. The koala. B. The tiger. C. The elephant. 14. Why does Tim like elephants? A. Because elephants are cute. B. Because elephants can help people. C. Because elephants are scary. 15. What time will the speakers meet at the zoo tomorrow? A. At 9:00. B. At 9:13. C. At 9:30. Ⅱ. 听填信息（共5小题，计10分） 本题你将听到一段独白，读两遍。请根据独白内容，用所听到的信息完成下列各题。（每空不超过三个单词） 16. Some students from Class 2, Grade 7 of No.9 Junior High School are ________ by the river. 17. The tallest boy is digging ________ in the ground. 18. Two girls with ________ are carrying some water for the trees. 19. Jim is writing ________ for the trees. 20. All the students enjoy planting trees a lot and hope to make our ________ more beautiful. 第二部分（笔试 共90分） Ⅲ. 完形填空（共20小题，计20分） 第一节：阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 It is a hot summer evening. Ma Xiaoming and his brother Ma Daming finished their homework just now. They are very happy, ____1____ their mother allows them to watch TV for half an hour. They ____2____ TV in the living room. Suddenly the TV is off. Xiaoming tries to turn it back on, but it doesn’t work. They soon know that there is no ____3____. What can they do? “Do you want to go outside to watch ____4____ with me?” Daming asks. “Yes, I’d love to,” Xiaoming says ____5____. Without streetlights, the stars are bright and it is very easy to see them. Lying on the grass, they see different kinds of stars. How beautiful! After watching the stars for ____6____ hour, the boys go back home. There ____7____ only some candles. They spend the night playing cards and telling stories with ____8____ parents. They really ____9____ watching stars and the time with their family. Sometimes we ____10____ have a different lifestyle and enjoy all the things that life gives us. 1. A. and B. because C. so D. but 2. A. watched B. watches C. are watching D. to watch 3. A. water B. electricity C. food D. time 4. A. star B. stars C. light D. lights 5. A. happy B. happily C. more happily D. happier 6. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7. A. is B. was C. are D. were 8. A. their B. they C. them D. theirs 9. A. enjoy B. dislike C. enjoys D. dislikes 10. A. can’t B. can C. must D. mustn’t 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. A 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了一个炎热的夏日晚上，马小明和哥哥马大明做完作业后，因停电无法看电视，转而出去看星星，回家后和父母一起度过欢乐夜晚，感悟到可以尝试不同生活方式、享受生活的故事。 【1题详解】 句意：他们非常开心，因为他们的妈妈允许他们看半小时电视。 空后“妈妈允许他们看电视”是他们开心的原因，应用because“因为”。and“和”表并列，so“所以”表结果，but“但是”表转折，均不符。 【2题详解】 句意：他们正在客厅看电视。 前文提到“他们刚做完作业，妈妈允许他们看电视”，结合语境可知动作正在进行，应用现在进行时are watching。watched是一般过去时，watches是一般现在时第三人称单数，to watch是动词不定式，均不符。 【3题详解】 句意：他们很快知道没有电了。 前文提到“电视突然关了，打不开”，结合常识可知是停电了，electricity“电”符合。water“水”、food“食物”、time“时间”均与电视无法打开的语境无关。 【4题详解】 句意：你想和我一起出去看星星吗？ 后文提到“没有路灯，星星很亮，很容易看到”，可知此处指看星星，且星星是复数，应用stars。star是单数，light“灯”（单数）、lights“灯（复数）”均与后文语境不符。 【5题详解】 句意：小明开心地说：“好的，我很乐意。” 此处修饰动词says，应用副词happily“开心地”。happy是形容词，more happily是比较级（文中无比较语境），happier是形容词比较级，均不符。 【6题详解】 句意：看了一个小时星星后，男孩们回到了家。 hour是以元音音素开头的单词，前面应用不定冠词an。a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，the表特指，/不填，均不符。 【7题详解】 句意：只有一些蜡烛。 此处是there be句型，主语some candles是复数，且全文时态以一般现在时为主，应用are。is用于单数主语，was是一般过去时单数，were是一般过去时复数，均不符。 【8题详解】 句意：他们和他们的父母一起打牌、讲故事度过了这个晚上。 此处修饰名词parents，应用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。they是主格，them是宾格，theirs是名词性物主代词，均不符。 【9题详解】 句意：他们真的很喜欢看星星和与家人在一起的时光。 结合前文“他们开心地看星星，和父母度过欢乐夜晚”，可知是喜欢，主语they是复数，应用动词原形enjoy。dislike“不喜欢”，enjoys是第三人称单数，dislikes是第三人称单数，均不符。 【10题详解】 句意：有时候我们可以有不同的生活方式，享受生活给予我们的所有东西。 结合全文，停电后男孩们度过了不一样的欢乐夜晚，可知此处指“可以”有不同的生活方式，应用can“可以”。can’t“不能”，must“必须”，mustn’t“禁止”，均不符。 第二节：阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 World Water Day is celebrated ____11____ March 22 every year. It is a day to learn about water problems and take action to save water. It reminds (提醒) people of the importance of fresh ____12____ and the need to protect it. Water is necessary for ____13____, but many people around the world still lack (缺乏) clean water. About 2.2 billion people in the world do not have safe drinking water, so we ____14____ protect this important resource. The United Nations started this day in 1993 ____15____ people how to use water wisely. Each year has a different ____16____, such as “Water for All” or “Saving Water.” People organize events like clean-up activities and educational programs. Schools and communities ____17____ activities like designing posters, having competitions and water-saving challenges. We can all help ____18____ water. For example, turn off the tap while brushing your teeth, take ____19____ showers. Small actions can make a big difference! Let’s work together to keep our water ____20____ and safe for everyone! 11. A. in B. on C. at D. by 12. A. fruit B. food C. air D. water 13. A. life B. live C. leaves D. leaf 14. A. may B. can C. must D. mustn’t 15. A. to teach B. to help C. to ask D. to start 16. A. meaning B. topic C. article D. work 17. A. happen B. happens C. holds D. hold 18. A. waste B. fix C. save D. borrow 19. A. short B. long C. cold D. hot 20. A. dirty B. clean C. grey D. salt 【答案】11. B 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了世界水日的时间、设立目的、每年的主题及相关活动，还给出了节约水资源的具体方法，呼吁人们共同保护水资源。 【11题详解】 句意：每年3月22日庆祝世界水日。 空后March 22是具体日期，具体日期前应用介词on。in用于月份、年份前，at用于具体时刻前，by表示“到……为止”，均不符。 【12题详解】 句意：它提醒人们淡水的重要性以及保护它的必要性。 结合上下文，世界水日与水相关，fresh water“淡水”符合语境。fruit“水果”、food“食物”、air“空气”均与水日主题无关。 【13题详解】 句意：水对生命来说是必要的，但世界上许多人仍然缺乏干净的水。 水是生命必需的，life“生命”符合语境。live“居住”（动词）、leaves“树叶”（复数）、leaf“树叶”（单数）均不符。 【14题详解】 句意：世界上大约有22亿人没有安全的饮用水，所以我们必须保护这一重要资源。 结合前文人们缺乏干净饮用水的现状，保护水资源是必须做的事，must“必须”符合。may“可能”、can“可以”、mustn’t“禁止”，均不符 【15题详解】 句意：联合国于1993年设立这一天，目的是教人们如何明智地用水。 设立世界水日的目的是传授节水方法，to teach“教”符合。to help“帮助”、to ask“询问”、to start“开始”，均与语境不符。 【16题详解】 句意：每年都有不同的主题，比如“人人享有水”或“节约用水”。 后文举例的内容是世界水日的主题，topic“主题”符合。meaning“意义”、article“文章”、work“工作”，均不符。 【17题详解】 句意：学校和社区举办活动，比如设计海报、举办比赛和节水挑战。 主语Schools and communities是复数，谓语动词用原形，hold“举办”符合语境。happen“发生”、happens“发生”（第三人称单数），均不符。 【18题详解】 句意：我们都可以帮助节约用水。 结合下文举例的节水方法，此处指节约水，save“节约”符合。waste“浪费”、fix“修理”、borrow“借”，均不符。 【19题详解】 句意：例如，刷牙时关掉水龙头，洗短时间的淋浴。 节约用水的方法之一是缩短淋浴时间，short“短的”符合。long“长的”、cold“冷的”、hot“热的”，均与节水语境不符。 【20题详解】 句意：让我们一起努力，让我们的水保持干净和安全，供每个人使用！ 结合前文提到的干净水、安全饮用水，此处指保持水干净，clean“干净的”符合。dirty“脏的”、grey“灰色的”、salt“咸的”，均不符。 Ⅳ. 阅读理解（共15小题，计20分） 第一节：阅读下面A、B、C三篇材料，从所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。（共10小题，计15分） A Dongting Lake It is a large freshwater lake in Hunan Province, China. It is the second-largest freshwater lake in China. It is about 2,700 square kilometers. It is famous for its beautiful scenery and rich wildlife. Lake Annecy (Lac d’Annecy) (安纳西湖) It lies in the southeast of France. It is known as Europe’s cleanest lake because of strict environmental rules. The water is very clear and blue, perfect for swimming. The town “Annecy” is called the “Venice of the Alps’’ for its canals (运河) 21. Dongting Lake is a great place to ________. A. go fishing B. go on a trip C. go shopping D. go swimming 22. What can we learn from the passage? A. Dongting Lake is a large freshwater lake in Hubei Province. B. Lake Annecy is the cleanest lake in Europe. C. Lake Annecy is not perfect for swimming. D. Dongting Lake is famous for its clean water. 23. Where can we read the text? A. In a geography book. B. In a math book. C. In a music book. D. In a picture book. 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的洞庭湖和法国的安纳西湖，包括它们的地理位置、特点以及相关美誉等信息。 【21题详解】 第一栏提到“It is famous for its beautiful scenery and rich wildlife.”，美丽的风景和丰富的野生动物使得洞庭湖成为旅游的好去处。 【22题详解】 第二栏提到“It is known as Europe’s cleanest lake because of strict environmental rules.”，明确表明安纳西湖因为严格的环境规则被称为欧洲最干净的湖。 【23题详解】 文章主要介绍了两个湖泊的地理位置、特点等信息，这些内容通常会在地理书中出现，所以可以在地理书中读到这篇文章。 B Nowadays, more and more people are talking about electric cars. Electric cars do not use gas. These cars have batteries that power their motors (马达). The batteries can be charged (充电) many times. They can be used (被使用) again and again. This makes electric cars great. They are cleaner because they don’t produce smoke. Electricity is cheaper than gas, so driving an electric car saves money. Electric cars are better for the environment, especially if the electricity comes from solar (太阳能) or wind power (风能). But electric cars have problems, too. They are slower than gas cars. They are also very quiet. This means that some people can’t hear them when they go by. They may not think a car is coming. So they have to be careful. Electric cars are cleaner and cheaper to use, but gas cars are still more common. Most cars run on gas. Gas cars work very well. But there is a problem. Cars that run on gas make the air dirty. The dirty air is not good for people, animals or trees. People are finding ways to make electric cars better all the time. In the future, electric cars may become the best choice! 24. What does the underlined word “they” refer to (指的是)？ A. Gas cars. B. Some people. C. Electric cars. D. The batteries. 25. Why do people have to be careful about electric cars? A. Because they are quiet. B. Because they are fast. C. Because they are too big. D. Because they make the air dirty. 26. What’s the problem with gas cars? A. They are too big. B. They are noisy. C. They are too small. D. They make the air dirty. 27. What’s the best title for the passage? A. The problems of gas cars B. People who study cars C. The problems of electric cars D. Gas cars and electric cars 【答案】24. D 25. A 26. D 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了电动汽车和燃油汽车的特点、优缺点，以及未来电动汽车的发展前景。 【24题详解】 划线词前一句提到“The batteries can be charged (充电) many times.”，划线词“They”指代前文的复数名词，结合语境“可以被反复使用”，可知此处指代The batteries。 【25题详解】 第一段提到“They are also very quiet. This means that some people can’t hear them when they go by... So they have to be careful.”，可知人们需要小心电动汽车，是因为它们are quiet，行人不容易察觉。 【26题详解】 第二段 明确指出“Cars that run on gas make the air dirty.”，可知燃油汽车的问题是They make the air dirty。 【27题详解】 文章既介绍了电动汽车的优点与不足，也提到了燃油汽车的特点和问题，因此最佳标题是Gas cars and electric cars。 C The kangaroo was given its name by English tourists in the 18th century. One day, when English explorers first arrived in Australia, they saw a strange animal hopping (跳跃) around. It had strong legs, a long tail, and carried its baby in a pouch. They never saw anything like it before! Curiously, they asked a local man, “What is this animal called?” The man replied, “Kangaroo.” The explorers thought this was its name and started calling it that. But later, they learned something funny—in the local language, “kangaroo” (or “gangurru”) actually meant “I don’t understand you!” The man wasn’t naming the animal; he just didn’t know what the explorers were saying! Now, we still call this amazing animal a “kangaroo”. The kangaroo can be 1.5m tall when standing upright and the male can weigh as heavy as 50 kg. The female is smaller and lighter than the male. The kangaroo’s head is small, but its ears are large, and its forefeet are really small. The animal has strong back legs and a long tail. When it’s in danger, it can use its back legs and strong tail to protect itself. 28. Who gave the kangaroo its name in the 18th century? A. American tourists. B. English tourists. C. French tourists. D. Australian tourists. 29. What does the kangaroo use to protect itself? A. The ears. B. The weight. C. The front legs. D. The back legs and strong tail. 30. What should be the title of this article? A. The Story of the Kangaroo B. The Story of the Kangaroo’s Shape C. The Story of English tourists D. The Story of Australia 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了袋鼠名字的由来，包括18世纪英国游客给袋鼠命名的趣事，以及袋鼠的外形特征和自我保护方式，展现了袋鼠的特别之处。 【28题详解】 第一段指出袋鼠名字的由来：“The kangaroo was given its name by English tourists in the 18th century”，说明18世纪给袋鼠命名的是英国游客。 【29题详解】 .第四段说明袋鼠的自我保护方式：“When it’s in danger, it can use its back legs and strong tail to protect itself.”，表明袋鼠用后腿和强壮的尾巴保护自己。 【30题详解】 通读全文，文章开头介绍袋鼠名字的由来，中间讲述命名的趣事，结尾介绍袋鼠的外形和自我保护方式，核心围绕袋鼠名字的故事及袋鼠本身展开，最适合的标题是袋鼠的故事。 第二节：根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题，计5分） The emperor (帝王) penguin is the tallest and heaviest of all penguins. Where can we see them? We can see them in the Antarctic (南极), ____31____. The emperor penguins live with many other emperor penguins. These birds cannot fly, ____32____ They are good at swimming. They can swim 6 km to 9 km an hour. Also, they can stay under the water for about 20 minutes at a time. ____33____ Emperor penguins are good parents. The mother penguin has only one egg every year. Then she gives it to the father penguin. ____34____ The father penguin usually keeps the egg warm on his feet. He doesn’t go anywhere. The mother travels to find food. They show strong family love. After two months, the baby penguin comes out of the egg. Both parents take good care of their baby, teaching us about team work and responsibility. ____35____ They can live in harsh (恶劣的) environments. They are cute and interesting, at the same time, they have team work and a strong sense of responsibility. A. the coldest (最寒冷的) place on Earth. B. Baby penguins look very lovely. C. but they can swim well. D. He stays with the egg all the time. E. What will the father penguin do next? F. So they can dive deep into the ocean to catch fish. G. This is why so many people love emperor penguins. 【答案】31. A 32. C 33. F 34. E 35. G 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了帝企鹅的基本情况，包括它们的栖息地、生活习性、游泳能力，以及帝企鹅父母对幼崽的照顾，展现了帝企鹅的可爱与责任感。 【31题详解】 前文提到我们可以在南极看到帝企鹅，A选项“the coldest (最寒冷的) place on Earth.”表示地球最寒冷的地方，承接上文，进一步说明南极的特点。 【32题详解】 前文说这些鸟不会飞，C选项“but they can swim well.”表示但是它们游泳很好，与前文构成转折关系，引出下文帝企鹅擅长游泳的内容。 【33题详解】 前文提到帝企鹅每小时能游6到9公里，还能一次在水下待大约20分钟，F选项“So they can dive deep into the ocean to catch fish.”表示所以它们能潜入深海捕鱼，承接上文帝企鹅的游泳能力，说明其带来的结果。 【34题详解】 前文说企鹅妈妈把蛋交给企鹅爸爸，E选项“What will the father penguin do next?”表示企鹅爸爸接下来会做什么，承接上文，引出下文企鹅爸爸照顾蛋的内容。 【35题详解】 前文提到帝企鹅能在恶劣环境中生存，可爱有趣，还具有团队合作精神和强烈的责任感，G选项“This is why so many people love emperor penguins.”表示这就是为什么很多人喜欢帝企鹅，总结上文帝企鹅的优点，呼应全文。 Ⅴ. 完成句子：根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。（共5小题，计10分） 36. 你应该立刻回家。 You should go home ________. 【答案】at once 【解析】 【详解】原句中“立刻”是关键词，表示“立刻、马上”的单词是at once（或immediately），此处需填一个短语表示“立刻”，符合句子语境。 37. 你是最后一个离开教室的，你能把灯关掉吗？ You are the last one to leave the classroom. Can you ________ the lights? 【答案】turn off##switch off 【解析】 【详解】原句中“关灯”是关键词，结合句意可知，此处指关灯，表示电器“关掉”的动词短语是turn off或switch off，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填turn off/switch off。 38. 空调使我们的教室夏天凉爽。 ________ keep our classroom cool in summer. 【答案】Air conditioners 【解析】 【详解】原句中“空调”是关键词，表示“空调”的名词是air conditioner，本句描述的是一般事实，所以时态是一般现在时，因谓语动词keep为原形，主语应使用复数形式，位于句首首字母大写。故填Air conditioners。 39. 玩电子游戏对我们的健康有害。 ________ is bad for our health. 【答案】Playing video games 【解析】 【详解】原句中“玩电子游戏”是关键词，表示“玩电子游戏”的短语是play video games，根据句中的“is bad for our health”可知该短语此处位于句首作主语，需使用动名词形式，且位于句首首字母大写，故填Playing video games。 40. 我们通过节约用电来关心环境。 We ________ the environment by saving electricity. 【答案】care about##care for 【解析】 【详解】原句中“关心”是关键词，表示“关心”的动词短语是care about或care for。本句为一般现在时，主语We后接动词原形。故填care about/for。 Ⅵ. 短文填空：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。）（共10小题，计10分） most make the be get look salt no for must Do you want to know why ____41____ Earth looks blue from space? That’s why scientists call it the “Blue Planet”! About 71% of Earth’s surface is covered by water—____42____ in oceans. When sunlight hits the water, it reflects blue light. It ____43____ our planet shine like a blue jewel (宝石) in space. Astronaut Yang Liwei said Earth ____44____ like a “blue-and-white pearl (珍珠)” from his spaceship! But most of the water on the Earth is ____45____ water. In fact, only about 2.5% of the water on our planet ____46____ fresh water. However, we are not able to use all of it. ____47____ example, we can’t ____48____ the fresh water in rocks deep underground. In the end, the fresh water that we can use is less than 1% of the water on the Earth! That’s why we ____49____ protect every drop—because without water, there would be ____50____ life on our beautiful blue home. 【答案】41. the 42. mostly 43. makes 44. looked 45. salt 46. is 47. For 48. get 49. must 50. no 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了地球被称为“蓝色星球”的原因，阐述了地球表面的水资源分布，指出淡水资源的稀缺性，呼吁人们保护每一滴水。 【41题详解】 句意：你想知道为什么地球从太空中看起来是蓝色的吗？“Earth”是独一无二的星球，空格处需填一个定冠词表示特指，所给单词中“the”用于特指独一无二的事物，符合句意及语境。 【42题详解】 句意：地球表面约71%被水覆盖——大部分在海洋中。“About 71% of Earth’s surface is covered by water”提示空格处需填一个词表示“大部分、主要地”，所给单词中“mostly”意为“大部分、主要地”，符合句意及语境，指大部分水在海洋中。 【43题详解】 句意：它使我们的星球在太空中像一颗蓝色的宝石一样闪耀。“shine like a blue jewel”提示空格处需填一个动词表示“使、让”，所给单词中“make”符合此含义，make sb/sth do sth表示“使某人/某物做某事”，结合主语It是第三人称单数，一般现在时中谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式“makes”。 【44题详解】 句意：宇航员杨利伟说，从他的宇宙飞船上看，地球看起来像一颗“蓝白相间的珍珠”。“like a ‘blue-and-white pearl’”提示空格处需填一个动词表示“看起来”，所给单词中“look”符合此含义，结合主句时态为一般过去时，宾语从句需呼应主句时态，“look”的过去式为“looked”。 【45题详解】 句意：但是地球上的大部分水是咸水。结合常识，海洋中的水是咸水，空格处需填一个形容词表示“咸的”，所给单词中“salt”的形容词形式为salty，但所给单词中只有salt，此处用salt作定语修饰water，符合句意及语境。 【46题详解】 句意：事实上，我们星球上只有大约2.5%的水是淡水。“only about 2.5% of the water”是不可数名词短语，空格处需填一个be动词表示“是”，结合时态为一般现在时，此处用is。 【47题详解】 句意：例如，我们无法获取地下深处岩石中的淡水。“we can’t...the fresh water in rocks deep underground”是举例说明无法使用的淡水，空格处需填一个介词构成固定短语“for example”，所给单词中“for”符合此含义，for example意为“例如”，首字母大写。 【48题详解】 句意：例如，我们无法获取地下深处岩石中的淡水。“the fresh water in rocks deep underground”提示空格处需填一个动词表示“获取、得到”，所给单词中“get”符合此含义，情态动词can’t后接动词原形。 【49题详解】 句意：这就是为什么我们必须保护每一滴水——因为没有水，我们美丽的蓝色家园就不会有生命。“the fresh water that we can use is less than 1%”的现状提示空格处需填一个情态动词表示“必须”，所给单词中“must”符合此含义，保护水资源是必须做的事。 【50题详解】 句意：这就是为什么我们必须保护每一滴水——因为没有水，我们美丽的蓝色家园就不会有生命。“without water”提示没有水就没有生命，空格处需填一个词表示“没有”，所给单词中“no”符合此含义，no life意为“没有生命”。 Ⅶ. 任务型阅读：阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。（共5小题，计10分） Water is very important in our lives. We use it every day. But people use water without thinking where it comes from or how valuable it is. The water we use comes from clouds in the sky as rain. Rainwater fills lakes, rivers, seas and so on. And people use it in many ways. The most important use of water is for drinking. Without water humans can live for a week at most. When we heat water to 100℃, it boils and turns into steam. This is how we make tea, cook noodles. We also need water to keep our bodies and our homes clean. Water always moves from one place to another, as what we often see in seas, rivers and lakes. Moving water produces energy. People use the energy in the moving water to produce electricity. However, some people waste water. They leave the tap running or use too much for cleaning. We must remember that water is valuable. We should turn off taps after use and reuse water when possible. We can also grow some plants that don’t need a lot of water in the garden. 51. Where does the water come from? The water comes from ________ as rain. 52. How long can a person live without water at most? Without water, humans can live ________ at most. 53. What can we do with the energy in the moving water? We can use the energy in the moving water to ________. 54. After using water, what should we do? We should ________ after using water. 55. What is the best title for the passage? It is “________”. 【答案】51. clouds in the sky 52. for a week 53. produce electricity 54. turn off taps 55. Water is important and we should save it 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了水在我们生活中的重要性、水的来源、用途，以及人们浪费水的现象，并呼吁人们珍惜水资源、节约用水。 【51题详解】 根据第一段“The water we use comes from clouds in the sky as rain.”可知，我们使用的水来自天空中的云，以雨水的形式落下。 【52题详解】 根据第二段“Without water humans can live for a week at most.”可知，没有水，人类最多能活一周。 【53题详解】 根据第三段“People use the energy in the moving water to produce electricity.”可知，我们可以利用流动水中的能量来发电。 【54题详解】 根据第四段“We should turn off taps after use and reuse water when possible.”可知，用完水后，我们应该关掉水龙头。 【55题详解】 通读全文可知，文章围绕水的来源、用途、浪费现象及节水建议展开，核心是水的重要性和节约用水，因此最佳标题为“Water is important and we should save it”（答案不唯一，符合主旨即可）。 Ⅶ. 补全对话（共5小题，计5分） 根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。 A: Hi, Tom. ____56____. B: I listened to a speech yesterday. A: ____57____? B: It was about the greenhouse effect. We should do something to protect the environment. A: You are right. ____58____ B: Well, we can start with saving water and electricity as the first step. A: How about planting more trees? B: ____59____. We can also take our glass, paper and plastic to a recycling center. A: Thank you for your sharing with us. B: ____60____. Let’s share with more people. A: See you! 【答案】56. What did you do yesterday 57. What was it about 58. What can we do to protect the environment 59. That sounds great/Good idea/I agree 60. You’re welcome/My pleasure 【解析】 【导语】本文是一段关于环境保护的对话。A询问Tom昨天的活动，得知他听了一场关于温室效应的演讲。两人讨论如何从日常小事做起保护环境，包括节约水电、多种树和回收利用，最后决定将环保理念分享给更多人。 【56题详解】 根据下文Tom回答“I listened to a speech yesterday.”可知，A在询问Tom昨天做了什么。故填What did you do yesterday。 【57题详解】 根据Tom回答“It was about greenhouse effect.”可知，A在询问演讲的内容或主题。故填What was it about。 【58题详解】 上文A表示同意保护环境，下文Tom开始提出具体的做法（从节约水电开始），因此A应该是在询问可以采取哪些行动。故填What can we do to protect the environment。 【59题详解】 对于A提出“多种树”的建议，Tom表示赞同并补充其他做法。故填That sounds great/Good idea/I agree。 【60题详解】 A感谢Tom的分享，Tom应礼貌地回应“不客气”，并提议与更多人分享。故填You’re welcome/My pleasure。 Ⅸ. 书面表达（共1题，计15分） 61. 你的老师想让你给同学们分享一些节约用电的行为，请你根据以下提示写一篇演讲稿。 内容包括：1. 电在我们日常生活中的作用； 2. 如何做到节约用电； 3. 倡议大家共同节约用电。 写作要求：1. 必须包含要点内容，可适当发挥； 2. 语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范； 3. 文章不得出现你的任何真实信息（姓名，校名和地名等）； 4. 词数：不少于50词。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文： Hello, everyone! Electricity is very important in our daily life. It helps us study, work and live comfortably. So we should save electricity? Firstly, turn off lights when leaving a room. Secondly, unplug chargers after using them. Thirdly, use energy-saving bulbs. Let’s take action together! Saving electricity means saving resources and protecting our Earth. Thank you! 【解析】 【详解】[第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：演讲稿，用一般现在时为主 明确要点：电在日常生活中的作用、节约用电的具体做法、向同学们发出节约用电的倡议 确定人称：第一人称（I/we）、第二人称（you） 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名、校名、地名 [第二步：构思布局] 开头：问候听众，点明电的重要性，引出节约用电的话题 主体：分点介绍节约用电的具体做法 结尾：发出倡议，升华节约用电的意义并致谢 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：电在日常生活中的作用 电的作用：Electricity is very important in our daily life/Electricity plays an important role in our daily life/Electricity is necessary for our daily life等 具体作用：It helps us study, work and live comfortably/It helps us study, work and live easily/It makes our study, work and life convenient等 要点二：节约用电的具体做法 做法1：turn off lights when leaving a room/turn off the lights when you leave a room/switch off the lights when leaving the room等 做法2：unplug chargers after using them/pull out chargers after using them/take chargers out of sockets after use等 做法3：use energy-saving bulbs/use energy-efficient bulbs/choose energy-saving lights等 要点三：倡议与结尾升华 发出倡议：Let’s take action together!/Let’s do something together!/Let’s take action right now!等 意义升华：Saving electricity means saving resources and protecting our Earth/Saving electricity means saving energy and protecting our environment/Saving electricity helps save resources and protect the Earth等 结尾致谢：Thank you!/That’s all, thank you!/Thanks for listening!等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $