专题05 阅读理解说明文（一模新题速递）（湖北专用）2026年中考英语一模分类汇编

**基本信息** 聚焦初中英语说明文阅读，涵盖中国文化、科技、自然等多主题，素材鲜活（如李子柒服饰、AI寻人），问题梯度分明（细节理解到推理判断）。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|70题|中国文化（毛墨飞绘画、蔡伦造纸）、科技（农业机器人、AI修复照片）、自然（江豚保护、植物发声）|情境时代性（2025春晚机器人、银发旅游热点）；问题层次性（细节题如“they指代”，推理题如“Cindy平衡道理”）；学科融合（语言能力与文化意识结合，如中国传统名言阅读）|

专题05 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与社会——中国文化 Passage 1 （2026·湖北·模拟预测） What would you paint if someone asked you to tell them about China? For 12-year-old Mao Mofei from Chengdu Xichuan Middle School, the answer is a colorful combination of the ancient and the modern. Mao’s painting, Future Is Coming, is shown at the International Youth Art Invitation Exhibition in Florence, Italy. Lots of people like her picture. It shows her view of what Chengdu will be like in the future: People live modern lives with 5G and high- speed railways, and also have a relaxing time with tea and hotpot; there are tall buildings and robots everywhere, as well as green forests, clean rivers and wild animals; scientists are sending rockets into space, while artists are performing Sichuan Opera. Mao started to learn painting from an early age. The paper and brushes not only develop her imagination but also help her to build friendship. When Mao was in the second grade, she got a chance to visit an Indonesian school. There, she used fun pictures to tell Indonesian students the meanings of different Chinese characters. The local students really enjoyed her paintings. She even developed a long- term friendship with one of her “fans”. “People around the world speak different languages, but art is the common language that we can all understand,” said Mao. “To increase understanding and share ideas— that’s what I love most about art.” 1. What did Mao Mofei paint to show Italians the charm (魅力) of China? A. A colorful picture of the ancient and the modern China. B. A painting called Future Is Coming to introduce Chengdu. C. Tall buildings, robots, green forests, clean rivers and wild animals. D. Some fun pictures to teach Indonesian students Chinese characters. 2. In which of the following aspects did Mao paint about future Chengdu? ①transport ②environment ③entertainment ④science and technology A. ①② B. ①②③ C. ①②④ D. ①②③④ 3. Which of the following statements is right about Mao Mofei? A. She started to learn painting in the second grade. B. She thinks her hometown is both modern and traditional. C. She made friends with Indonesian students for a short time. D. She once got a chance to visit an Indonesian school by herself. 4. What hasn’t painting brought to Mao according to the passage? A Wealth. B. Friendship. C. Popularity. D. Rich imagination. 5. What do Mao’s words mean in the last paragraph? A. She loves painting just because it’s useful. B. Painting is the easiest way of communication. C. Art can be used to increase understanding and share ideas. D. Art is the common language that we can all use to express ourselves. Passage 2 （2026·湖北武汉·一模） Come and share your favorite saying from ancient China! “In difficult times, one focuses on self-development; after achieving success, one brings it to all.” Since ancient times, many have taken it as their philosophy (哲学) of life. Tang poet Li Bai, for example, achieved great success with his poems and hoped to serve the country through a government job. Though he was not valued by the emperor, his life still reflected Mengzi’s words. (Tam) “Time flies by like a quick look of a white horse running past a crack (缝隙) in a wall.” The saying comes from the book Zhuangzi. In this book, it is said that Kongzi came to Laozi to ask about the ultimate (终极的) truth of the world. Laozi replied that a person’s life was like a quick look of a white horse running past a crack in a wall. To me, this saying reminds me of the importance of time. (Li Xin) ___________________________________________ “My favorite saying means that to do too much of something is as bad as not to do enough. I read it in a story about a carpenter (木匠). To show his skill, he once made the table legs too thin, and another time too thick, but neither succeeded. Only after his master’s guidance did he understand this truth. I learned it the hard way, too. Once I wanted to lose a few kilos for a big party, so I didn’t eat enough and exercised all the time. In the end, I got really sick and couldn’t get up! (Cindy) 6. In which part of the online newspaper can we read the material? A. YOUR WORDS. B. TECH TALK. C. ANIMAL WORLD. D. SCHOOL TIME. 7. Which writing skill is used in Part 1? A. Listing numbers. B. Raising questions. C. Giving examples. D. Comparing facts. 8. Who said the saying about time according to Zhuangzi? A. Mengzi. B. Kongzi. C. Laozi. D. Zhuangzi. 9. What is Cindy’s favorite saying? A. When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers. B. What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others. C. A gentleman is not a tool used for a special purpose. D. To go too far is as bad as to fall short. 10. What might Cindy learn from her experience? A. Keeping a balance matters. B. Try as hard as possible. C. Setting a goal is necessary. D. Think in a different way. Passage 3 （2026·湖北襄阳·一模） At the 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala, Li Ziqi surprised everyone. She looked very beautiful and wore special traditional clothes. Her clothing combined (结合) 13 traditional Chinese artworks made by hand. It clearly showed that these old-fashioned skills can still be beautiful and meaningful today. Her dress used colors from plants. The colors of the dress were soft and natural, and they showed that she respected nature. The patterns on her dress were made with Nanjing Yunjin, a well-known kind of silk. Each pattern told a wonderful story from Chinese history. The back of her dress had butterfly wings. These wings were made with special skills from Weifang kites and gold-thread work. So her dress looked not only lively but also artistic. Her accessories (装饰) were also very interesting. She wore traditional Chinese knots, Beijing silk flowers, Qing Shen bamboo artworks, and Ying Shan wrapped flowers. Each of these things showed a different part of Chinese culture. She decorated her hair with a flower made of peony porcelain (牡丹瓷) and other things. These things used mother-of-pearl (珍珠母) and Chengdu lacquer art (漆艺), and made her look more beautiful. We can know that it’s very important to protect and share our traditions with the world. When Li Ziqi showed up at the Spring Festival Gala, these traditional artworks came back to the public’s attention. It made people think that our cultural heritage (遗产) is valuable and we should pass it on. 11. How does the writer lead into the topic? A. By showing facts. B. By giving examples. C. By asking questions. D. By sharing experiences. 12. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. The dress. B. The colors of the dress. C. The patterns on the dress. D. The back of the dress. 13. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Li Ziqi’s clothing only combined 10 traditional Chinese handicrafts. B. The patterns on her dress were made with common silk without any stories. C. Her accessories showed different parts of Chinese culture. D. People didn’t pay much attention to traditional handicrafts after her show. 14. Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2,…) A. B. C. D. 15. Which is the best title of this passage? A. The Beauty of Traditional Chinese Artworks B. The Mix of Traditional Culture and Fashion C. The Cultural Show of Li Ziqi at the Gala D. The Protection of Chinese Cultural Heritage 主题02 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （2026·湖北·模拟预测） In a field in England, three little robots have been given a great job: to find and kill grass before planting seeds (种子) in the soil. The robots are named Tom, Dick and Harry. Tom is the first of the three clever robots to start working. He watches the crops (庄稼) carefully and collects the information about each plant. He can create a short introduction to each plant and even make decisions on what chemicals are needed for your crops. Dick does the dirty work. He can go to each plant that is doing bad to the crops and take it out. Plants that are good for the crops are left. He can spray (喷洒) things like chemicals in order to keep plants healthy. Harry is a planter. He digs holes into the field and puts seeds into the ground, and records where he puts them. If a seed doesn’t grow, he can easily travel there and plants a new seed. The smart robots are made by Small Robot. The British company says farmers could reduce costs by 40% and chemical usage by up to 95%. The little robots allow farmers to free their soils from chemicals. Using less chemicals is going to save much money and is good for the environment. As well as reducing the use of chemicals, robots will bring us better soil quality and more plants and animals. “We have to change farming now, or else there won’t be anything to farm,” says Small Robot. 16. What can we know about the three robots from Paragraph 1? A. They are huge. B. They work in a field. C. They can plant seeds. D. They come from America. 17. Which may be used by Dick? A. B. C. D. 18. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A. The harm that chemicals cause. B. The cost farmers spend on farming. C. A famous company that produces robots. D. The advantages that the farming robots bring. 19. What is the structure (结构) for the passage？ A. B. C. D. 20. What is the best title for the passage? A. Living a Modern Life B. Protecting the Plants C. The Changes on Farming D. The History of Robots Passage 2 （2026·湖北·一模） The 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala (文艺演出) surprised people all over the country with a big show of high-tech robots. They danced, performed kung fu and talked with people, making the whole gala full of modern magic. On the stage, many kinds of robots worked together perfectly. Humanoid (人形) robots showed wonderful kung fu movements. They could jump, turn and keep balance better than many people. With the help of AI and high-tech motors, they acted freely and smoothly. Bionic (仿生学的) robots looked almost like real humans. They could communicate with performers, show different feelings and even answer questions quickly. What’s more, hundreds of robots could dance at the same time. Thanks to the group control system, they moved in perfect order without any mistakes. This technology was developed by Chinese scientists, showing the rapid growth of China’s robot industry. These robots were not only for fun. The technology behind them will be widely used in our daily life, such as helping with housework, serving in public places and looking after old people. The robot show at the Spring Festival Gala is more than just a performance. It tells the world how fast China’s technology is developing. It also makes traditional Chinese culture more lively and fashionable for young people. 21. What made the 2026 Spring Festival Gala special? A. It was held in a new big stadium. B. It had more traditional dance programs. C. High-tech robots gave a big surprise show. D. It made traditional Chinese culture more lively and fashionable. 22. What could the humanoid robots do on the stage? A. Show different feelings. B. Answer questions quickly. C. Communicate with performers. D. Jump, turn and keep good balance. 23. How could hundreds of robots work together well? A. By following human orders one by one. B. By using cameras to watch each other. C. With the help of foreign high technology. D. With the help of the group control system. 24. What’s the structure of the passage? A. ①→②③→④⑤ B. ①→②→③④→⑤ C. ①②→③→④→⑤ D. ①→②③④→⑤ 25. What can we learn from the passage? A. The robot show is for fun. B. China’s robot industry is developing fast. C. Robots can just perform in the Spring Festival Gala. D. Traditional culture is not popular with young people. Passage 3 （2026·湖北孝感·一模） AI has already been used in many different fields. And now, this technology has made a difference in the lives of missing children. In Hubei, a group of 30 university students are working on a special project. They have developed an AI system that restores old photos. The clearer photos allow them to better find missing people. Over the past three years, the team has restored more than 1,000 photos. They have helped 11 families with missing children successfully. Thanks to the AI programme, in December 2021, a father found his missing son after 14 years of searching. The father was moved to tears with the help of the programme. The case got a lot of media (媒体) attention after a movie Dearest came out in 2014. The project was set up by a university student, Sheng in 2020. One day, he happened to see a missing child notice. The photos on the notice were hard to make out. “Even if the child is present, the photos may not be of any use,” he said. As a result, Sheng decided to use his knowledge to help families with missing children. To his surprise, many of his schoolmates volunteered to join him. After six months’ hard work, the team managed to develop an AI system for restoring old photos. In the future, Sheng plans to put together a more skilled team to run the programme. His goal is not just to improve the technology. More importantly, he would like to see more young people join the public service. Sheng is confident that this team will be able to create more wonders. 26. What is AI now helping with according to the passage? A. Cooking food. B. Finding missing children. C. Driving cars. D. Playing games. 27. What does the underlined word “restores” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. repairs B. copies C. prints D. sells 28. Why did Sheng decide to start the AI project? A. Because he saw a movie called Dearest in 2014. B. Because many schoolmates volunteered to work with him. C. Because his university asked him to help find missing children. D. Because he happened to see a missing child notice with unclear photos. 29. What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A. Sheng wants young experts. B. Sheng plans a new AI project. C. Sheng works for more attention. D. Sheng hopes to make wonders. 30. Which can be the best title for the passage? A. Missing Photos Are Found B. A University Student Starts AI C. AI Helps Find Missing Children D. Students Get Media Attention Passage 4 （2026·湖北监利·一模） Researchers from the University of Buenos Aires successfully used a robot teacher to teach the male (雄性) Chingolo, a kind of small bird in South America, to learn a special song. The song was part of the birds’ culture but disappeared more than 50 years ago. Male Chingolos learn their special two-second song from older male birds. “It is a special song—like a fingerprint (指纹), but learned,” a researcher says. “It helps them catch the attention of female (雌性) birds and protect their homes. It is the bird’s way of saying, ‘This is me, and I am here.’” But the city development and losing living places broke the learning chain (链条). So the birds’ old special song disappeared. To solve this problem, the researchers decided to bring back the lost song. The song was only known from a record made in the 1960s. First, the team made a correct artificial version of the lost song. Then they made three robot teachers to play the song for the birds. They played the song for the young birds during their important learning time, from October to February. The song was played during the birds’ busiest singing hours, for no more than eight hours a day. There were also sudden stops between the songs. This made the birds feel that the three robot teachers in the park were having a real talk with each other. This made the birds start singing, too. The results were very good. Young Chingolos learned and used the song. They added their own group’s special song to the final voice. This shows that their singing comes from both learned behaviors and born characteristics. “This is not only about saving genes (基因), but also saving cultural biodiversity (生物多样性),” a researcher says. Now the team is making AI systems to tell different bird songs apart. They also plan to study how bird culture spreads, to make sure it will never be lost again. 31. What did the researchers teach the birds? A. Some lost languages. B. Some learning chains. C. A disappearing call. D. A disappeared song. 32. What is one role of Chingolos’ song? A. It stops hunters from finding them. B. It serves as their social mark. C. It helps them get used to city growth. D. It makes them remember their home. 33. What does the underlined phrase “artificial version” mean in paragraph 5? A. A man-made copy of the song. B. A special robot that plays music. C. A new fingerprint of the bird. D. A machine to keep bird sounds. 34. Why do the researchers stop suddenly sometimes? A. To protect the birds’ special voice. B. To test the birds’ singing speed. C. To cheat the birds into communication. D. To help the birds to catch the song. 35. What can we learn from Chingolos’ learning results? A. Their behaviors to the song need improving. B. AI systems can record different bird songs. C. Their singing shows special characters of voice. D. The song has spread to other younger birds. 主题03 人与社会——旅游 Passage 1 （2026·湖北武汉·一模） In recent years, “silver-haired tourism (旅游业)” has become a hot topic in China. With over 310 million people aged 60 and above, older adults are exploring new ways to enjoy their later years. Unlike traditional tours that rush from place to place, silver-haired travel focuses on slow-paced plans, cultural experiences and relaxing. The elderly today (born in the 1950s and 1960s) are healthier, more educated, and expect to try new things. For example, Grandma Li from Shanghai recently joined a 12-day cruise (邮轮旅行) to Japan. “We visited ancient buildings, tried local foods, and even danced with new friends on board,” she said, “It was like a dream!” Silver-haired travel isn’t just fun—it’s also good for health. Studies show that traveling improves memory and reduces stress in older adults. In Hainan, a popular place for winter vacations, the elderly enjoy beach walks, yoga classes, and traditional art. “Staying active keeps my mind working,” shared by Mr. Wang. Silver-haired tourism makes differences to local areas. In places like Chengdu and Hangzhou, hotels and restaurants now offer elderly-friendly services, such as easy-to-read menus and walking tours. The industry also creates jobs for tour guides, care-givers, and transportation workers. Moreover, it challenges thoughts about aging. In Xi’an, elderly tourists lead groups to the Terracotta Army, sharing stories that are not written in books. “Hearing their experiences was unforgettable,” said a 15-year-old volunteer. Experts predict silver-haired tourism will grow into a $100 billion industry by 2030. Technology companies are developing apps with voice guides and danger alarms for the elderly. Cities like Suzhou are designing “slow travel” routes (路线) with parks, museums, and tea houses. As the aging population grows bigger, silver-haired tourism shows that growing older doesn’t mean slowing down. It’s a chance to experience, connect, and create memories. Whether boating down the Li River or dancing in Tokyo, the elderly are telling the world that age is just a number. 36．What does the underlined word slow-paced in paragraph 1 mean? A．Fast and meaningful. B．cheap and interesting. C．Expensive and convenient. D．Relaxing and unhurried. 37．What do silver-haired tourists usually do during their trips? A．Rush to visit many places quickly. B．Enjoy slow activities like beach walks. C．Stay in hotels all day and talk a lot. D．Only eat local food and go shopping. 38．Why is traveling helpful for older adults’ health according to the passage? A．It improves memory and cuts down stress. B．It makes them stronger and live longer. C．It gives them more money and free time. D．It helps them make friends and avoid illnesses. 39．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a future plan for silver-haired tourism? A．Apps with voice guides and alarms. B．“Slow travel” routes in more cities. C．Free travel for all old people. D．Jobs in tourism for local people. 40．What is the main idea of the passage? A．“Silver-haired tourism” becomes popular. B．Traveling is good for the elderly. C．The elderly should travel more. D．Young people like to travel with the elderly. Passage 2 （2026·湖北黄石·一模） In recent years, a new kind of travel has become popular: “slow travel.” Instead of rushing from one tourist spot to another, slow travelers spend more time in fewer places. They aim to connect with local culture, food, and people. The idea started in Europe in the 1980s as a response to fast-paced tourism. Today, it has spread worldwide. Slow travelers often choose trains over planes, stay in local homes instead of hotels, and eat at family-owned restaurants. One reason for this change is environmental awareness (意识). Air travel produces large amounts of carbon emissions (碳排放). By traveling slowly, people reduce their environmental impact. Another reason is the desire (渴望) for deeper experiences. Many travelers feel that visiting many places in a short time leaves little memory. In China, slow travel is also growing. Young people are spending a year exploring rural (农村) areas. Some even volunteer on farms or teach in villages. They say these experiences help them understand the country better than visiting big cities. However, slow travel is not for everyone. It requires time, patience, and sometimes more money. But for those who try it, the rewards are rich: real connections, lasting memories, and a new way to see the world. 41. What is the main idea of slow travel? A. Staying longer in fewer places. B. Visiting as many places as possible. C. Traveling only by train. D. Staying in expensive hotels. 42. When did slow travel first appear? A. In the 1960s. B. In the 1970s. C. In the 1980s. D. In the 1990s. 43. What is one reason people choose slow travel? A. To save time. B. To reduce carbon emissions. C. To visit more cities. D. To stay in big hotels. 44. The underlined word “rewards” in the last paragraph means __________. A. problems B. gifts C. advantages D. prizes 45. What does the story of slow travel mainly tell us? A. Traveling fast is better. B. Young people prefer cities. C. Air travel is harmful. D. Slow travel helps people connect deeply. 主题04 人与自然——动物和植物 Passage 1 （2026·湖北·一模） The Yangtze Finless Porpoise (江豚) is a kind of cute animal living in the Yangtze River. It was named water pig and greedy fish in “Bencao Gangmu” by Li Shizhen. Now people call it smiling angel. But years ago, it was in great danger. Mr. Li is a 52-year-old man from Jingzhou, Hubei. He used to make a living by fishing in the Yangtze. At that time, he found the water was getting dirtier and the finless porpoises appeared fewer and fewer. His heart was filled with sadness. In 2020, China started the 10-year fishing ban (禁令) on the Yangtze. Mr. Li gave up fishing at once and became a protector of the Yangtze finless porpoise. Every day, he and other volunteers patrolled the river by boat. They picked up rubbish, stopped harmful activities and recorded the number of finless porpoises. They also told local people the importance of protecting the river and animals. More and more people understood and joined them. Some college students came to help with research. Some artists drew beautiful pictures to call on people to protect the environment. Now, the water of the Yangtze is much cleaner. The number of the finless porpoise is growing slowly. Mr. Li feels happy and proud. He says he will keep working until the “smiling angel” stays safely in the river forever. Protecting nature is protecting ourselves. Everyone can play a part in it. 46. What do people call the Yangtze finless porpoise now? A. Water pig. B. Smiling angel. C. Greedy fish. D. Green helper. 47. What did Mr. Li do before? A. A protector. B. A volunteer. C. A fisherman. D. A scientist. 48. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Mr. Li is 62 years old now. B. The 10-year fishing ban started in 2021. C. Only old people joined in the protection work. D. The number of finless porpoises is growing now. 49. The underlined word “patrolled” in Paragraph 3 probably means________. A. cleaned up B. watched over C. swam across D. flew over 50. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Volunteers are great and helpful. B. Fishing is bad for the Yangtze River. C. The Yangtze Finless Porpoise is cute. D. We should protect nature and animals. Passage 2 （2026·湖北黄冈·一模） Try to think about it: you sit down and begin to eat a tomato. Suddenly, it screams (尖叫)! Just like humans, plants have ways to show they’re not okay. Scientists did a study. They used special microphones (麦克风) to hear the sounds of tomato plants in three groups. Then they checked the three groups. Groups 1 and 2 made sounds 30 to 50 times an hour, but Group 3 was quiet. “Quiet tomatoes are not nervous (紧张的) ,” said Hadany from the study team. He also listened to potatoes and corn, and found they made sounds, too. Who listens to these sounds? Scientists think that animals may hear the sounds. For example, the sound can tell animals which plant is safe. And some animals can choose which plant to eat by the sounds. Scientists say that this study will help farmers. They can take better care of the crops (农作物) by “hearing” how they feel. 51. Which of the following might let tomato plants make sounds more often? A. Planting them at the right time. B. Watering them as needed. C. Giving them enough sunlight. D. Cutting off their stems (茎). 52. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指代)? A. Tomato plants. B. Potatoes and corn. C. Some animals. D. Hadany and other scientists. 53. How can the study help farmers? A. It can help them grow healthy crops. B. It can help them stay safe while planting crops. C. It shows them a way to talk to their crops. D. It makes it more fun to work in the fields. 54. What’s the best title for the passage? A. Healthy Crops B. Amazing Tomatoes C. Screaming Plants D. Clever Animals 55. Where can we probably read the passage? A. In a food magazine. B. In a science book. C. In a storybook. D. In a travelling magazine. Passage 3 （2026·湖北老河口·一模） Can animals sense earthquakes and other natural disasters before they happen? Is there any real science behind this idea? As far back as 373 BCE, the ancient Greeks noticed that snakes would “behave strangely days before a big earthquake”. However, there isn’t enough scientific support that animals can sense earthquakes, at least not days before they happen. When an earthquake happens, it produces two kinds of energy waves(波). The smaller one is called a primary wave, or “P wave”. It arrives a couple of minutes before the larger secondary(第二的) wave, or “S wave”. The “P wave” travels faster because it can move through solid(固体的) things, water and air, while the “S wave” can only pass through solid things. Very few people notice the “P wave”, but animals often can, thanks to their good senses. With their excellent sense of smell, some wild animals can tell when a fire is burning nearby. But it’s impossible for them to have a premonition of when and where fires will start ahead of time. With the world getting warmer and warmer, wildfires become more common. It is harder than ever for animals to live through these disasters. A new study suggests that some birds may be able to sense storms much earlier than humans. The researchers studied veeries(棕色夜鸫), a kind of songbird. In certain years, these birds finished their breeding season(繁殖期) and began moving to South America earlier than usual. Those years turned out to have longer and more serious hurricane(飓风) seasons. The researchers consider the birds’ unusual behavior to be a sign of storms. But we need more research to make sure of this. 56. Why does the “P wave” travel faster? A. Because it’s much smaller. B. Because it carries more energy. C. Because people can sense it more easily. D. Because it can move through more things. 57. What does the underlined word “premonition” mean in Paragraph 4? A. A feeling that something is going to happen. B. A feeling that something is really important. C. A feeling that something is not completely true. D. A feeling that something will turn uncomfortable. 58. Which of the following might be a sign of serious storms? A. Veeries can sense the P wave clearly. B. Veeries look for safer places to live. C. Veeries fly to South America earlier. D. Veeries smell dangerous wildfires nearby. 59. What is the structure of the passage? (P = Paragraph) (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2 …) A. A. B. C. D. 60. Which is the best title for the passage? A. How to Predict Natural Disasters B. Ways to Keep Safe During Disasters C. Animals’ Unusual Behavior Before Disasters D. Why Earthquakes Produce Two Kinds of Waves 主题05 人与社会——建筑 Passage 1 （2026·湖北广水·一模） All around the world, buildings are going green! People are making green buildings. What does it mean to go green or to make a green building? A green building is designed (设计) in a way that does no harm to the environment. The building uses energy, water, and other materials in ways that are good for the environment. When planning green buildings, architects (建筑师) must think about how to use energy, water, and materials in an environment-friendly way. There are many ways to save energy. Architects can design buildings to use natural light. Buildings can also be made with solar or wind power to get energy from the sun or the wind. To save water, green buildings can have areas on the roofs (屋顶) to collect rainwater. Kitchens and bathrooms can have sinks (洗涤槽) and toilets that conserve water. As for the building materials, it is important to use those that do not have chemicals that are harmful to the air or water. Recycled materials can also be used for buildings. Buildings around the world use all three of these ways to go green. An office building called CH2 in Melbourne, Australia, uses wind and solar power. A cultural center in London, England, is made from recycled train cars and is powered by solar and wind power. The Academy of Sciences building in California in the U.S. has recycled materials, solar energy, and a huge “living roof” of plants. A temple in Thailand is made out of one million recycled glass bottles! This is a good use of recycled material, and it also lets natural light into the temple. Not a single building should be designed without considering its influence on the environment. It’s pleasing that more and more green buildings are being built and they are making the world a better place! 61. What do we know about a green building? A. It uses fewer materials than other buildings. B. It is designed by famous architects. C. It is built in an environment-friendly way. D. It is usually painted green outside. 62. Which of the followings are GREEN ways to make buildings? ①using natural light ②getting energy from modern power ③collecting rainwater on the roofs ④having water-saving sinks and toilets ⑤buying low-cost building materials ⑥choosing harmless and recycled materials A. ①②④⑤ B. ①③④⑥ C. ②③④⑤ D. ②③⑤⑥ 63. How does the writer develop the main idea of paragraph 3? A. By listing reasons. B. By giving examples. C. By comparing facts. D. By raising questions. 64. What is the writer’s attitude (态度) towards green buildings? A. Doubtful. B. Uncertain. C. Worried. D. Supportive. 65. Which is the correct structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2,…) A. B. C. D. Passage 2 （2026·湖北随州·一模） The Three Gorges Dam (三峡大坝), lying on the Yangtze River in Hubei Province, is one of the largest and most amazing engineering projects in the world. It stands proudly between the beautiful mountains of Xiling Gorge, showing the wisdom and hard work of the Chinese people. The Yangtze River, China’s longest river, often caused serious floods in the past, bringing disasters to millions of people. To solve this problem and create clean energy, the Chinese government decided to build a huge dam. People began to build the Three Gorges Dam in 1994. And it took over 12 years to complete. Thousands of workers used modern machines and technology to make this dream come true. They moved mountains, changed the river’s path (路径) to build the dam, which is about 2.3 kilometers long and 185 meters high—as tall as a 60-story building! Today, the dam plays a key role in China. It has greatly reduced flood risks, protecting cities and farmlands. The dam’s power stations produce clean electricity for millions of homes and factories, helping reduce air pollution. Its connected vessel system (连通器系统) helps ships pass. Ships enter a lock (水闸), and gates close. Water level inside the lock rises or falls to match the next section. When the water levels become the same, gates open, and the ship moves to the next lock. The Three Gorges Dam is not just a dam—it’s a symbol of China’s courage and creativity. Visitors from around the world come to see this modern wonder. Students learn about its scientific achievements and the spirit of teamwork behind it. The dam teaches us that with determination (决心), humans can overcome even the most difficult challenges of nature. 66. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to (指代)？ A. The Yangtze River. B. The Xiling Gorge. C. The Three Gorges Dam. D. The engineering project. 67. What are the uses of the Three Gorges Dam according to the passage? ①Controlling floods. ②Producing clean energy. ③Creating new tourist places. ④Improving ship transportation. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 68. What physics principle (原理) allows ships to pass through the dam’s gates smoothly? A. B. C. D. 69. Which is the right structure of the passage?（①= Paragraph 1,②= Paragraph 2,…） A. B. C. D. 70. What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing the passage? A. To list the dam’s benefits to society. B. To describe challenges in building the dam. C. To explain why Chinese people built the dam. D. To praise the Chinese people’s wisdom and creativity. 主题01 人与社会——中国文化 Passage 1 （2026·湖北黄石·一模） Wuhan: The Busy and Modern City Wuhan is the capital of Hubei. It mixes old culture and new technology. In October 2025, the Wuhan Yangtze River Cultural Festival started. Over 300,000 people came to join it. They watched beautiful light shows on the Yangtze River Bridge, enjoyed traditional Chu shows and tasted local food like hot dry noodles. Young people also went to the 5G tech show in Optics Valley. It shows Wuhan is great in both culture and technology. Yichang: The Beautiful Scenic City Yichang is famous as the “Gateway to the Three Gorges”. In summer 2025, the Three Gorges International Tourism Festival brought many visitors. People took boats to see the great Three Gorges Dam, the world’s biggest hydro-power (水电) project. Local musicians gave folk music shows by the Yangtze River. Many visitors also went to Qu Yuan Temple to remember the great ancient poet. Xiangyang: The Old Historical City Xiangyang has a history of 2,800 years. In September 2025, it held the Xiangyang Ancient City Culture Week. People watched old battle shows on the city wall, visited calligraphy shows and tried traditional tea. Visitors could wear Hanfu (old Chinese clothes) and learn to make paper cuts. This activity shows Xiangyang’s important role in ancient Chinese history and culture. Huangshi: The Industrial and Cultural City Huangshi has a long industrial history and rich culture. In November 2025, it held the Huangshi Mining Culture Festival. People visited old mines and saw old mining tools in shows. They also joined stone-carving workshops and local craft fairs. Besides, there were outdoor music shows in lakeside parks. It shows Huangshi’s special mix of old industry and new culture. 1. Which city is good at both culture and technology? A. Wuhan. B. Yichang. C. Xiangyang. D. Huangshi. 2. What can visitors do in Yichang? A. Go to a 5G tech show. B. Watch folk music shows by the river. C. Wear Hanfu. D. Visit a mining festival. 3. The Xiangyang Ancient City Culture Week is mainly about __________. A. modern art B. natural scenery C. old history and culture D. industrial development 4. What is Huangshi famous for in this passage? A. The Three Gorges Dam. B. The Yangtze River Cultural Festival. C. Its industrial and cultural charm. D. The Xiangyang City Wall. 5. What do all four cities have in common? A. They are all modern tech centers. B. They have rich culture or history. C. They are all by the Yangtze River. D. They all hold big sports games. Passage 2 （2026·湖北黄石·一模） In ancient times, writing materials were rare (稀缺) and expensive. In China, people used bamboo strips (竹简) and silk to write. Bamboo strips were heavy and took up too much space, while silk was light but far too costly for common people. Writing and reading were activities only for the rich. Then came a man who would change everything. Cai Lun, an official in the Eastern Han Dynasty, was determined (决定) to find a better way. Around 105 AD, he created a new material by mixing tree bark, old cloth, fishing nets, and hemp (麻) waste with water. He pressed the mixture flat and let it dry in the sun. The result was light, thin, and cheap—the first true paper. Cai Lun sent his invention to the emperor, who was deeply impressed. Soon, paper was widely used across China. It made writing and reading possible for many more people, and knowledge began to spread faster than ever before. The art of paper-making remained a Chinese secret for hundreds of years. It spread to Korea and Japan, and later to the Arab world after the Tang Dynasty. In the 12th century, paper finally reached Europe. Before paper arrived, Europeans wrote on animal skin, which was so expensive that few people could afford books. Paper changed that. Suddenly, books became much cheaper, and education was no longer a privilege (特权) of the rich. Today, paper is everywhere. Without Cai Lun’s invention, the spread of knowledge would have been much slower. Paper is considered one of the most important inventions in human history. 6. What problem did people face before paper was invented? A. They did not know how to write. B. Writing materials were either heavy or too expensive. C. The emperor did not allow writing. D. They had no bamboo or silk. 7. What did Cai Lun use to make paper? A. Wood and stones. B. Bamboo strips and silk. C. Animal skin and metal. D. Tree bark, old cloth, fishing nets, and hemp waste. 8. What is the right order of the following facts from the passage? ①Paper-making spread to Europe. ②Cai Lun invented the first true paper. ③Writing materials like bamboo strips and silk were expensive. ④Paper was widely used across China. A. ③→②→④→① B. ②→③→①→④ C. ③→①→②→④ D. ②→④→③→① 9. How did paper help spread knowledge? A. It made books cheaper and more available. B. It made writing more beautiful. C. It helped the emperor rule better. D. It was stronger than bamboo. 10. What does the story of paper mainly tell us? A. The importance of keeping secrets. B. The history of Chinese emperors. C. How an invention can change the world. D. The best way to make paper. Passage 3 （2026·湖北丹江口·一模） So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e I. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called Kua Fu Mission. Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2,000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground. From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology. 11. In China, space scientists get ideas from ________ when naming satellites. ①old stories ②traditional projects ③ancient famous people ④popular inventions A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②④ D. ③④ 12. What do we know about Chang’e I according to the passage? A. It moves around the moon. B. It protects the Jade Rabbit. C. It “visits” the sun with the scientists. D. It is the world’s first man-made satellite. 13. How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 4? A. By listing numbers. B. By comparing facts. C. By giving an example. D. By reporting a result. 14. Which is the right structure of the passage? （①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, ...） A. B. C. D. 15. What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage? A. To spread the traditional Chinese culture. B. To explain how our scientists develop the space industry. C. To introduce the achievements in our science and technology. D. To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science. Passage 4 （2026·湖北监利·一模） Have you ever heard of the British Library? It is one of the largest research libraries in the world. It has more than 170 million collections, including 14 million books and plenty of ancient manuscripts (古老的手稿). People can enjoy great works by Mozart and Shakespeare there. It also keeps special Chinese treasures: more than 450 oracle bones (甲骨文) from over three thousand years ago in the Shang Dynasty (朝代) and the Diamond Sutra, the world’s earliest dated printed book. Recently, 16 Chinese online novels have been collected by the British Library as the first Chinese web novels in it. Readers can look up the information about the 16 books on the library’s website and borrow printed copies in the library. They are now in the library’s Asian & African collections, such as The Wisdom of the Great Song Dynasty, Good Spring Time and Magic World. Covering history, reality and fantasy, these works are seen as the great classics of Chinese online literature in the past 20 years. The British Library chooses books according to readers’ needs and cultural importance. It collects items that show the history, art and culture of a country. The collection of the 16 works means Chinese online literature has become an important modern cultural characteristic. Good Spring Time pays much attention to Chinese porcelain (瓷器) culture. It tells people to fight against fate (命运) actively and shows women’s independence and the warm love among family members. Readers can learn about a great and wonderful China from the traditions, friendship and beauty in the novel. Some people think it is not important, but many Chinese writers and fans are very excited. They think it is a successful cultural spread and hope Chinese web novels will get more attention from the world in the future. 16. The writer starts the text by ________. A. telling a story B. asking a question C. listing numbers D. explaining a difference 17. What is the most special part about the 16 books? A. They cover history, reality and fantasy. B. They make up special Chinese treasures. C. Readers can also borrow printed copies in it. D. They are the first Chinese online novels in it. 18. The library chooses the 16 books because ________. A. they are read by most Chinese people B. they cover the topics Chinese people like C. they are welcomed and culturally important D. they are all about Chinese porcelain culture 19. What does the passage mainly tell us? A. The British Library is the largest library. B. Online novels play an important role. C. Chinese online novels are becoming popular. D. Readers can learn more about China from novels. 20. The structure of the passage is ________. A. B. C. D. 主题02 人与自然——自然现象 Passage 1 （2026·湖北武汉·一模） There’s always one thing that can brighten up a rainy day, and that’s a rainbow (彩虹). Rainbows are simple tricks played by sunlight and raindrops. Raindrops are like tiny, round balls—that’s what makes rainbows possible. When sunlight enters a raindrop, it first bends (折射), then reflects off the inside wall, and finally goes out. On this journey, sunlight breaks into seven colors. Red light bends the least and goes out at 42°, landing on the outer side. Purple light bends the most and goes out at 40°, landing on the inner side. All the other colors—orange, yellow, green, blue, and indigo—spread out in between. When light bends twice inside the drop, a double rainbow can form. And in that second arc (弧), the colors take a turn and appear in the opposite order. Why don’t you see rainbows every time it rains? The Sun must be behind you and no higher than 42° above the horizon (地平线). Only in that condition can light hit the drops just right and reach your eyes. A fogbow (雾虹) is like a rainbow that forgets its colors. Instead of raindrops, it’s made by tiny drops of water in fog or mist. They are so small that sunlight doesn’t bend completely, and it spreads out. This mixes the colors together, creating a large, white fogbow. Fire rainbows aren’t on fire. They’re rainbow-colored clouds. High in the freezing sky, clouds made of ice crystals (冰晶) act like colorful glass. When the Sun climbs above 58°, sunlight hits the crystals just right, bends, and breaks into colors across the sky, like the clouds that catch fire. You can usually see them in summer, within 55 degrees north or south of the equator (赤道). See them, and you’ve caught the sky doing its most magical trick. 21. What makes rainbows possible according to paragraph 1? A. Thick and heavy clouds. B. Tiny ball-like raindrops. C. Clear and blue sky. D. Low temperature. 22. The picture shows how a rainbow forms, so what degree should be in ①? A. 42° B. 40° C. 55° D. 58° 23. In which kind of rainbow does red light land on the inner side? A. The single rainbow. B. The double rainbow. C. The fogbow. D. The fire rainbows. 24. According to paragraph 6, what is a necessary condition for fire rainbows to form? A. The Sun is at the horizon. B. There is a big fire in the sky. C. The Sun is higher than 58° above the horizon. D. People must use colorful glass. 25. What does the passage mainly introduce? A. The reflection of light B. How water creates colors. C. Why the Sun is magical. D. Rainbows and their cousins. 主题03 人与自我——性格与品质 Passage 1 （2026·湖北荆州·一模） Have you ever compared your handwriting with your friends’ to see how different it is? Like no two leaves in the world are exactly the same, no two people share the same handwriting. Your handwriting can actually say a lot about what kind of person you are. Try writing out a sentence: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. Then see what your handwriting says about you. Size of your handwriting Did you know that the size of your handwriting can show your character? Large handwriting may show that you’re easy to get along with and you want to be noticed by others. Small handwriting may mean that you’re shy and cautious, and always pay attention to details (细节). If your handwriting is medium-sized, you can get used to new places quickly. Space between words Do you often leave big spaces between your words? A study says the space between your words can show how close you want to be with others. If you leave wide spaces, you love your freedom. You like having your own space. If your words are very close to each other, you have a strong desire (愿望) to stay with your friends and family. If you leave medium spaces, you are balanced (平衡的). You like your own space, but you also enjoy being with others sometimes. Slant (倾斜) of the words The slant of your handwriting can tell how you treat people around you. Slanting to the right means you welcome or accept new ideas easily. And you consider your friends and family are more important than anything else. While slanting to the left may show that you think deeply. And you like to work behind the scenes better. If you write without slanting at all, you may be very calm. Although the handwriting doesn’t always tell the truth, we can read it for fun. What matters most is that you should write carefully. 26. How does the writer start the passage? A. By telling a story. B. By asking a question. C. By comparing facts. D. By listing numbers. 27. What does the underlined word “cautious” mean in paragraph 2? A. Brave. B. Outgoing. C. Careful. D. Humorous. 28. Which of the following can be put in ________ of the following mind map? A. low, wide B. low, straight C. strong, wide D. strong, straight 29. Which is the right structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2,…) A. B. C. D. 30. What is the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage? A. To ask people to write out a sentence. B. To ask us to change our handwriting. C. To tell us handwriting may show character. D. To show people how to write beautifully. 主题04 人与自我——记忆力提升 Passage 1 （2026·湖北黄冈·一模） Most people hope to have a good memory which helps them succeed in study, work and life. Can memory be improved? Luckily, hundreds of studies in the past 50 years have already given us a definite (确定的) answer. A healthy lifestyle (生活方式) keeps your brain memory active. First of all, it is necessary to have a healthy eating habit. Eating more food rich in Vitamin B and Vitamin E helps you have a better memory. Doing exercise can keep your brain alive, too. Proper exercise provides much needed oxygen (氧气) for the brain. Running, riding a bike, swimming and even walking two or three times a week are helpful. Moreover, getting enough sleep is important. Only when your brain gets a good rest, can it work well. The healthier your lifestyle is, the better your memory will become. Memory skills help you remember things better. Chunking is a way of remembering a piece of information by cutting it into smaller ones. For example, to memorize a ten-digit (数字) telephone number 2127983630, you can divide the digits into three groups: first 212, then 798, and last 3630. This method is far more effective (有效的) than remembering a string (字符串) of 10 digits. However, memory skills will hardly work if you don’t understand the information. What’s more, only a regular (经常的) review can make the memory last long. That is why students are always advised to go over what they have learned after one day and then after three days, and then use it as often as possible. Human brains are like muscles that need nutrition (营养) and exercise to become stronger. If you make a few lifestyle changes and try some memory skills, you can certainly improve your memory. 31. How many ways of keeping a healthy lifestyle are mentioned in the passage? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 32. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________. A. telephone B. nutrition C. information D. memory 33. Why should we review what we’ve learned regularly? A. To make the memory last long. B. To show that we are hard-working. C. To follow our teachers’ advice. D. To do homework right and finish it early. 34. Which of the following is NOT true? A. To have a healthy eating habit is necessary. B. Getting enough sleep is important. C. Memory skills are helpful for you to remember things. D. Human brains don’t need nutrition and exercise. 35. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Not everyone has a good memory. B. Memory can be improved in some way. C. Memory skills are not difficult to learn. D. It’s important to have a healthy lifestyle. 主题05 人与自我——身体语言 Passage 1 （2026·湖北丹江口·一模） Positive body language can tell you a lot about how someone is feeling. It shows that they’re interested in you and the conversation. A relaxed posture (姿势) shows a sense of comfort and ease. If someone sits comfortably and breathes calmly, he may be free from stress (压力). He will leave you with an impression that encourages you to share a lot with him. Relaxed arms also show that the person is easy to get along with. For example, when you’re talking to the host at a party, and the host uncrosses his arms and opens his hands, you must feel welcomed. Proper eye contact is necessary in a pleasant conversation. Looking into the other person’s eyes shows that you’re really interested in what they are saying. However, staring at others too long can be considered impolite. So proper eye contact also means looking away sometimes to avoid staring. Nodding along is a way of showing that you’re really listening. When you nod while someone else is talking, it lets them know that you agree with what they’re saying and understand their meaning. Smiling is an effective way to be kind and honest. Everyone loves being around people who always have a smile on their face. Using positive body language can make communication much smoother and bring great things in return. The proper use of body language in communication with people will lead to some surprising results! 36. According to this passage, how many kinds of positive body language are mentioned? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 37. When someone is talking with you with a relaxed posture, you will ________. A. sit in a comfortable sofa B. leave him with a good impression C. have a stressful feeling D. want to talk to him more 38. Which of the following body language can show your agreement? A. Smiling happily. B. Nodding along. C. Eye contact. D. Crossing arms. 39. Which of the following is NOT true about positive body language? A. People like staying with the person who always smiles. B. Using too much eye contact is very impolite. C. When you cross your arms, you are welcoming others. D. Nodding while someone else is talking means you understand them. 40. What would be the best title for the passage? A. The Power of Positive Body Language B. How to Improve Your Communication Skills C. Smiling: The Most Important Gesture D. Understanding Different Types of Body Language 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与社会——中国文化 Passage 1 （2026·湖北·模拟预测） What would you paint if someone asked you to tell them about China? For 12-year-old Mao Mofei from Chengdu Xichuan Middle School, the answer is a colorful combination of the ancient and the modern. Mao’s painting, Future Is Coming, is shown at the International Youth Art Invitation Exhibition in Florence, Italy. Lots of people like her picture. It shows her view of what Chengdu will be like in the future: People live modern lives with 5G and high- speed railways, and also have a relaxing time with tea and hotpot; there are tall buildings and robots everywhere, as well as green forests, clean rivers and wild animals; scientists are sending rockets into space, while artists are performing Sichuan Opera. Mao started to learn painting from an early age. The paper and brushes not only develop her imagination but also help her to build friendship. When Mao was in the second grade, she got a chance to visit an Indonesian school. There, she used fun pictures to tell Indonesian students the meanings of different Chinese characters. The local students really enjoyed her paintings. She even developed a long- term friendship with one of her “fans”. “People around the world speak different languages, but art is the common language that we can all understand,” said Mao. “To increase understanding and share ideas— that’s what I love most about art.” 1. What did Mao Mofei paint to show Italians the charm (魅力) of China? A. A colorful picture of the ancient and the modern China. B. A painting called Future Is Coming to introduce Chengdu. C. Tall buildings, robots, green forests, clean rivers and wild animals. D. Some fun pictures to teach Indonesian students Chinese characters. 2. In which of the following aspects did Mao paint about future Chengdu? ①transport ②environment ③entertainment ④science and technology A. ①② B. ①②③ C. ①②④ D. ①②③④ 3. Which of the following statements is right about Mao Mofei? A. She started to learn painting in the second grade. B. She thinks her hometown is both modern and traditional. C. She made friends with Indonesian students for a short time. D. She once got a chance to visit an Indonesian school by herself. 4. What hasn’t painting brought to Mao according to the passage? A Wealth. B. Friendship. C. Popularity. D. Rich imagination. 5. What do Mao’s words mean in the last paragraph? A. She loves painting just because it’s useful. B. Painting is the easiest way of communication. C. Art can be used to increase understanding and share ideas. D. Art is the common language that we can all use to express ourselves. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国四川成都12岁的小学生毛墨飞，用绘画去向世界展示中国的事情，她的画作《未来已来》正在意大利展出，图中描绘了她心目中未来成都的美好景象，令各国学生大加赞许。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据 “It shows her view of what Chengdu will be like in the future.” 可知毛墨飞的画展示了对未来成都的介绍。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中 “People live modern lives with 5G and high- speed railways, and also have a relaxing time with tea and hotpot; there are tall buildings and robots everywhere, as well as green forests, clean rivers and wild animals; scientists are sending rockets into space, while artists are performing Sichuan Opera.” 可知涉及交通、环境、娱乐、科技。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据 “People live modern lives with 5G and high- speed railways, and also have a relaxing time with tea and hotpot; there are tall buildings and robots everywhere, as well as green forests, clean rivers and wild animals; scientists are sending rockets into space, while artists are performing Sichuan Opera.” 可推知，毛墨飞认为她的家乡是现代与传统的结合。故选B。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中 “Mao started to learn painting from an early age. The paper and brushes not only develop her imagination but also help her to build friendship.”以及全文内容可知，绘画并没有给她带来财富。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据“ ‘People around the world speak different languages, but art is the common language that we can all understand,’ said Mao. ‘To increase understanding and share ideas— that’s what I love most about art.’ ” 可知，艺术能够被用来增加理解和分享思想。故选C。 Passage 2 （2026·湖北武汉·一模） Come and share your favorite saying from ancient China! “In difficult times, one focuses on self-development; after achieving success, one brings it to all.” Since ancient times, many have taken it as their philosophy (哲学) of life. Tang poet Li Bai, for example, achieved great success with his poems and hoped to serve the country through a government job. Though he was not valued by the emperor, his life still reflected Mengzi’s words. (Tam) “Time flies by like a quick look of a white horse running past a crack (缝隙) in a wall.” The saying comes from the book Zhuangzi. In this book, it is said that Kongzi came to Laozi to ask about the ultimate (终极的) truth of the world. Laozi replied that a person’s life was like a quick look of a white horse running past a crack in a wall. To me, this saying reminds me of the importance of time. (Li Xin) ___________________________________________ “My favorite saying means that to do too much of something is as bad as not to do enough. I read it in a story about a carpenter (木匠). To show his skill, he once made the table legs too thin, and another time too thick, but neither succeeded. Only after his master’s guidance did he understand this truth. I learned it the hard way, too. Once I wanted to lose a few kilos for a big party, so I didn’t eat enough and exercised all the time. In the end, I got really sick and couldn’t get up! (Cindy) 6. In which part of the online newspaper can we read the material? A. YOUR WORDS. B. TECH TALK. C. ANIMAL WORLD. D. SCHOOL TIME. 7. Which writing skill is used in Part 1? A. Listing numbers. B. Raising questions. C. Giving examples. D. Comparing facts. 8. Who said the saying about time according to Zhuangzi? A. Mengzi. B. Kongzi. C. Laozi. D. Zhuangzi. 9. What is Cindy’s favorite saying? A. When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers. B. What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others. C. A gentleman is not a tool used for a special purpose. D. To go too far is as bad as to fall short. 10. What might Cindy learn from her experience? A. Keeping a balance matters. B. Try as hard as possible. C. Setting a goal is necessary. D. Think in a different way. 【答案】6. A 7. C 8. C 9. D 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章采用读者分享的形式，介绍了三则来自中国古代的智慧名言及其对后世的启示。 【6题详解】 文章开头提到：“Come and share your favorite saying from ancient China!”，随后列出了Tam、Li Xin和Cindy三位读者的分享内容。这种互动式分享栏目最可能出现在报纸的YOUR WORDS“你的话语/读者园地”版块。 【7题详解】 第一部分中提到：“Tang poet Li Bai, for example, achieved great success with his poems…”。作者通过举李白的例子来论证孟子的名言，使用了举例的写作技巧。 【8题详解】 第二部分提到：“…it is said that Kongzi came to Laozi to ask about the ultimate truth…Laozi replied that a person’s life was like a quick look of a white horse…”。根据文中逻辑，这句话是老子对孔子的回答。 【9题详解】 第三部分开头提到：“My favorite saying means that to do too much of something is as bad as not to do enough.”，这句话说明做某事做得太多和做得不够一样糟糕，强调做事需把握度。选项D意为“走得太远和未达到目标一样糟糕”，即中国古代名言“过犹不及”，与原文表述的含义完全一致。 【10题详解】 第三部分提到Cindy通过节食和过度运动导致生病：“…so I didn’t eat enough and exercised all the time. In the end, I got really sick…”。结合木匠把桌腿做得太细或太厚的例子，推断出她明白了两极化行为的危害，即“保持平衡很重要”。 Passage 3 （2026·湖北襄阳·一模） At the 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala, Li Ziqi surprised everyone. She looked very beautiful and wore special traditional clothes. Her clothing combined (结合) 13 traditional Chinese artworks made by hand. It clearly showed that these old-fashioned skills can still be beautiful and meaningful today. Her dress used colors from plants. The colors of the dress were soft and natural, and they showed that she respected nature. The patterns on her dress were made with Nanjing Yunjin, a well-known kind of silk. Each pattern told a wonderful story from Chinese history. The back of her dress had butterfly wings. These wings were made with special skills from Weifang kites and gold-thread work. So her dress looked not only lively but also artistic. Her accessories (装饰) were also very interesting. She wore traditional Chinese knots, Beijing silk flowers, Qing Shen bamboo artworks, and Ying Shan wrapped flowers. Each of these things showed a different part of Chinese culture. She decorated her hair with a flower made of peony porcelain (牡丹瓷) and other things. These things used mother-of-pearl (珍珠母) and Chengdu lacquer art (漆艺), and made her look more beautiful. We can know that it’s very important to protect and share our traditions with the world. When Li Ziqi showed up at the Spring Festival Gala, these traditional artworks came back to the public’s attention. It made people think that our cultural heritage (遗产) is valuable and we should pass it on. 11. How does the writer lead into the topic? A. By showing facts. B. By giving examples. C. By asking questions. D. By sharing experiences. 12. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. The dress. B. The colors of the dress. C. The patterns on the dress. D. The back of the dress. 13. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Li Ziqi’s clothing only combined 10 traditional Chinese handicrafts. B. The patterns on her dress were made with common silk without any stories. C. Her accessories showed different parts of Chinese culture. D. People didn’t pay much attention to traditional handicrafts after her show. 14. Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2,…) A. B. C. D. 15. Which is the best title of this passage? A. The Beauty of Traditional Chinese Artworks B. The Mix of Traditional Culture and Fashion C. The Cultural Show of Li Ziqi at the Gala D. The Protection of Chinese Cultural Heritage 【答案】11. A 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了李子柒在2025年央视春晚上穿着融合13项手工非遗技艺的传统服饰亮相，以此展现中华传统文化之美，并强调了传承与分享文化遗产的重要性。 【11题详解】 第一段第一、三句指出：“At the 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala, Li Ziqi surprised everyone…Her clothing combined (结合) 13 traditional Chinese artworks made by hand.”。作者通过陈述春晚的具体事实引出话题，属于陈述事实。 【12题详解】 第二段第二句指出：“The colors of the dress were soft and natural, and they showed that she respected nature.”。根据语境，这里的they指代前一句提到的“The colors of the dress”，即衣服的颜色展现了她对大自然的尊重。 【13题详解】 第三段第一、三句指出：“Her accessories (装饰) were also very interesting…Each of these things showed a different part of Chinese culture.”。该原句直接证明了李子柒的饰品展示了中国文化的不同部分，表述正确。 【14题详解】 读全文可知，第一段总起全文，介绍李子柒亮相春晚及服装背景（①）；第二、三段分别从衣服和饰品两个并列的维度展开细节说明（②③）；第四段总结保护和传承传统的意义（④）。这种“总—分—总”的结构对应图B。 【15题详解】 全文紧扣李子柒在春晚展示融合了多种传统工艺的服饰这一核心事件，并以此引出对文化遗产价值的思考。选项C“李子柒在春晚的文化展示”最适合作文章的标题。 主题02 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （2026·湖北·模拟预测） In a field in England, three little robots have been given a great job: to find and kill grass before planting seeds (种子) in the soil. The robots are named Tom, Dick and Harry. Tom is the first of the three clever robots to start working. He watches the crops (庄稼) carefully and collects the information about each plant. He can create a short introduction to each plant and even make decisions on what chemicals are needed for your crops. Dick does the dirty work. He can go to each plant that is doing bad to the crops and take it out. Plants that are good for the crops are left. He can spray (喷洒) things like chemicals in order to keep plants healthy. Harry is a planter. He digs holes into the field and puts seeds into the ground, and records where he puts them. If a seed doesn’t grow, he can easily travel there and plants a new seed. The smart robots are made by Small Robot. The British company says farmers could reduce costs by 40% and chemical usage by up to 95%. The little robots allow farmers to free their soils from chemicals. Using less chemicals is going to save much money and is good for the environment. As well as reducing the use of chemicals, robots will bring us better soil quality and more plants and animals. “We have to change farming now, or else there won’t be anything to farm,” says Small Robot. 16. What can we know about the three robots from Paragraph 1? A. They are huge. B. They work in a field. C. They can plant seeds. D. They come from America. 17. Which may be used by Dick? A. B. C. D. 18. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A. The harm that chemicals cause. B. The cost farmers spend on farming. C. A famous company that produces robots. D. The advantages that the farming robots bring. 19. What is the structure (结构) for the passage？ A. B. C. D. 20. What is the best title for the passage? A. Living a Modern Life B. Protecting the Plants C. The Changes on Farming D. The History of Robots 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍Smart Robot公司生产的三款改变农作方式的农业智能机器人，主要是关于它们的不同功能和各自的不同工作任务。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In a field...three little robot...to find and kill grass...in the soil”可知，这三个机器人在农田工作，故选B。 【17题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段第二行“He (Dick) can spray things like chemicals...”可知，Dick要用工具喷洒化学品，故选A。 【18题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段第一、二句“The smart robots are made by Small Robot. The British company says farmers could reduce costs by 40% and chemical usage by up to 95%.”及后文的具体解释，可知本段主要讲的是农业机器人带来的好处，故选D。 【19题详解】 篇章结构题。第一段和第六段是开头结尾，中间第二、三、四段各介绍一款机器人，这三段是并列关系，第五段是关于这三款机器人带来的好处，故选A。 【20题详解】 标题归纳题。本文是关于三款改变农作方式的农业智能机器人，主要介绍它们具体的工作方式、任务及优势，故选C。 Passage 2 （2026·湖北·一模） The 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala (文艺演出) surprised people all over the country with a big show of high-tech robots. They danced, performed kung fu and talked with people, making the whole gala full of modern magic. On the stage, many kinds of robots worked together perfectly. Humanoid (人形) robots showed wonderful kung fu movements. They could jump, turn and keep balance better than many people. With the help of AI and high-tech motors, they acted freely and smoothly. Bionic (仿生学的) robots looked almost like real humans. They could communicate with performers, show different feelings and even answer questions quickly. What’s more, hundreds of robots could dance at the same time. Thanks to the group control system, they moved in perfect order without any mistakes. This technology was developed by Chinese scientists, showing the rapid growth of China’s robot industry. These robots were not only for fun. The technology behind them will be widely used in our daily life, such as helping with housework, serving in public places and looking after old people. The robot show at the Spring Festival Gala is more than just a performance. It tells the world how fast China’s technology is developing. It also makes traditional Chinese culture more lively and fashionable for young people. 21. What made the 2026 Spring Festival Gala special? A. It was held in a new big stadium. B. It had more traditional dance programs. C. High-tech robots gave a big surprise show. D. It made traditional Chinese culture more lively and fashionable. 22. What could the humanoid robots do on the stage? A. Show different feelings. B. Answer questions quickly. C. Communicate with performers. D. Jump, turn and keep good balance. 23. How could hundreds of robots work together well? A. By following human orders one by one. B. By using cameras to watch each other. C. With the help of foreign high technology. D. With the help of the group control system. 24. What’s the structure of the passage? A. ①→②③→④⑤ B. ①→②→③④→⑤ C. ①②→③→④→⑤ D. ①→②③④→⑤ 25. What can we learn from the passage? A. The robot show is for fun. B. China’s robot industry is developing fast. C. Robots can just perform in the Spring Festival Gala. D. Traditional culture is not popular with young people. 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. D 24. A 25. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了2026年央视春晚的高科技机器人表演，详细说明了不同类型机器人的舞台表现、协同工作的技术原理，以及该技术的应用前景和社会意义。 【21题详解】 第一段指出：“The 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala surprised people all over the country with a big show of high-tech robots.”，这直接说明2026年春晚的特别之处是高科技机器人带来了一场惊喜的盛大表演。 【22题详解】 第二段说明：“Humanoid robots showed wonderful kung fu movements. They could jump, turn and keep balance better than many people.”，这直接表明人形机器人在舞台上可以跳跃、转身并保持良好的平衡。 【23题详解】 第三段解释：“Thanks to the group control system, they moved in perfect order without any mistakes.”，这说明数百个机器人能够完美协同工作，是得益于群组控制系统的支持。 【24题详解】 第一段指出2026年春晚特别之处在于高科技机器人的精彩表演，点明全文话题。 第二段介绍人形机器人展示功夫动作，第三段说明数百台机器人借助群控系统完美同步表演，两段共同详细阐述机器人的舞台功能与核心技术。第四段说明机器人技术将广泛应用于家务、公共服务等日常生活，第五段总结该表演体现了中国科技的快速发展，也让传统文化更具活力，两段共同总结机器人技术的应用价值与文化意义。 【25题详解】 第三段和第五段点明：“showing the rapid growth of China’s robot industry”以及“It tells the world how fast China’s technology is developing.”，这说明我们可以从文中了解到中国的机器人产业正在快速发展。 Passage 3 （2026·湖北孝感·一模） AI has already been used in many different fields. And now, this technology has made a difference in the lives of missing children. In Hubei, a group of 30 university students are working on a special project. They have developed an AI system that restores old photos. The clearer photos allow them to better find missing people. Over the past three years, the team has restored more than 1,000 photos. They have helped 11 families with missing children successfully. Thanks to the AI programme, in December 2021, a father found his missing son after 14 years of searching. The father was moved to tears with the help of the programme. The case got a lot of media (媒体) attention after a movie Dearest came out in 2014. The project was set up by a university student, Sheng in 2020. One day, he happened to see a missing child notice. The photos on the notice were hard to make out. “Even if the child is present, the photos may not be of any use,” he said. As a result, Sheng decided to use his knowledge to help families with missing children. To his surprise, many of his schoolmates volunteered to join him. After six months’ hard work, the team managed to develop an AI system for restoring old photos. In the future, Sheng plans to put together a more skilled team to run the programme. His goal is not just to improve the technology. More importantly, he would like to see more young people join the public service. Sheng is confident that this team will be able to create more wonders. 26. What is AI now helping with according to the passage? A. Cooking food. B. Finding missing children. C. Driving cars. D. Playing games. 27. What does the underlined word “restores” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. repairs B. copies C. prints D. sells 28. Why did Sheng decide to start the AI project? A. Because he saw a movie called Dearest in 2014. B. Because many schoolmates volunteered to work with him. C. Because his university asked him to help find missing children. D. Because he happened to see a missing child notice with unclear photos. 29. What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A. Sheng wants young experts. B. Sheng plans a new AI project. C. Sheng works for more attention. D. Sheng hopes to make wonders. 30. Which can be the best title for the passage? A. Missing Photos Are Found B. A University Student Starts AI C. AI Helps Find Missing Children D. Students Get Media Attention 【答案】26. B 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人工智能技术在寻找失踪儿童方面的应用：湖北一群大学生开发了AI老照片修复系统，帮助失踪儿童家庭更清晰地辨认亲人，并分享了该项目的起源、成果与未来展望。 【26题详解】 第一段指出研究发现：“this technology has made a difference in the lives of missing children”，说明了人工智能现在正在帮助寻找失踪儿童。 【27题详解】 第二段说明：“The clearer photos allow them to better find missing people”，并以修复模糊的失踪儿童照片为例，“restores old photos”指修复老旧模糊的照片，使其更清晰，与repairs含义一致。 【28题详解】 第三段指出起因：“One day, he happened to see a missing child notice. The photos on the notice were hard to make out... As a result, Sheng decided to use his knowledge to help families with missing children”，说明Sheng因看到一张照片模糊的失踪儿童启事，决定启动该AI项目。 【29题详解】 第四段说明未来规划：“Sheng is confident that this team will be able to create more wonders”，Sheng希望团队能创造更多奇迹，帮助更多家庭。 【30题详解】 全文围绕“AI技术修复老照片、帮助寻找失踪儿童”展开，核心主题是AI在寻人领域的公益应用，因此最佳标题为“AI Helps Find Missing Children”。 Passage 4 （2026·湖北监利·一模） Researchers from the University of Buenos Aires successfully used a robot teacher to teach the male (雄性) Chingolo, a kind of small bird in South America, to learn a special song. The song was part of the birds’ culture but disappeared more than 50 years ago. Male Chingolos learn their special two-second song from older male birds. “It is a special song—like a fingerprint (指纹), but learned,” a researcher says. “It helps them catch the attention of female (雌性) birds and protect their homes. It is the bird’s way of saying, ‘This is me, and I am here.’” But the city development and losing living places broke the learning chain (链条). So the birds’ old special song disappeared. To solve this problem, the researchers decided to bring back the lost song. The song was only known from a record made in the 1960s. First, the team made a correct artificial version of the lost song. Then they made three robot teachers to play the song for the birds. They played the song for the young birds during their important learning time, from October to February. The song was played during the birds’ busiest singing hours, for no more than eight hours a day. There were also sudden stops between the songs. This made the birds feel that the three robot teachers in the park were having a real talk with each other. This made the birds start singing, too. The results were very good. Young Chingolos learned and used the song. They added their own group’s special song to the final voice. This shows that their singing comes from both learned behaviors and born characteristics. “This is not only about saving genes (基因), but also saving cultural biodiversity (生物多样性),” a researcher says. Now the team is making AI systems to tell different bird songs apart. They also plan to study how bird culture spreads, to make sure it will never be lost again. 31. What did the researchers teach the birds? A. Some lost languages. B. Some learning chains. C. A disappearing call. D. A disappeared song. 32. What is one role of Chingolos’ song? A. It stops hunters from finding them. B. It serves as their social mark. C. It helps them get used to city growth. D. It makes them remember their home. 33. What does the underlined phrase “artificial version” mean in paragraph 5? A. A man-made copy of the song. B. A special robot that plays music. C. A new fingerprint of the bird. D. A machine to keep bird sounds. 34. Why do the researchers stop suddenly sometimes? A. To protect the birds’ special voice. B. To test the birds’ singing speed. C. To cheat the birds into communication. D. To help the birds to catch the song. 35. What can we learn from Chingolos’ learning results? A. Their behaviors to the song need improving. B. AI systems can record different bird songs. C. Their singing shows special characters of voice. D. The song has spread to other younger birds. 【答案】31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了布宜诺斯艾利斯大学研究人员通过机器人老师，成功教会南美小型鸟类Chingolo学习一种已消失50多年的特殊歌曲，以恢复其文化多样性，并介绍研究过程、方法及结果。 【31题详解】 文章第1段“Researchers from the University of Buenos Aires successfully used a robot teacher to teach the male Chingolo...The song was part of the birds’ culture but disappeared more than 50 years ago.”表明研究人员教给鸟类的是一首消失的歌曲。 【32题详解】 文章第2段“It helps them catch the attention of female birds and protect their homes. It is the bird’s way of saying, ‘This is me, and I am here.”’表明这首歌是鸟类的社交标识，起到了类似身份标记的作用。 【33题详解】 文章第5段“First, the team made a correct artificial version of the lost song. Then they made three robot teachers to play the song for the birds.”表明团队制作了这首失传歌曲的正确人工版本，然后制作了三个机器人教师为鸟类播放这首歌，结合上文“歌曲仅留存于1960年代的记录”可知，研究人员需要人工复刻这首歌，因此“artificial version”指的是人工制作的歌曲复制品。 【34题详解】 文章第6段“There were also sudden stops between the songs. This made the birds feel that the three robot teachers in the park were having a real talk with each other. This made the birds start singing, too.”表明突然停顿是为了让鸟类误以为在进行真实交流，从而诱导它们参与互动。 【35题详解】 文章第7段“Young Chingolos learned and used the song. They added their own group’s special song to the final voice. This shows that their singing comes from both learned behaviors and born characteristics.”表明年轻的Chingolo学会并使用这首歌。它们将本群体的特殊歌声融入最终的声音中。这表明它们的歌声源于后天习得行为和先天特征，歌声体现了声音的特殊特征。 主题03 人与社会——旅游 Passage 1 （2026·湖北武汉·一模） In recent years, “silver-haired tourism (旅游业)” has become a hot topic in China. With over 310 million people aged 60 and above, older adults are exploring new ways to enjoy their later years. Unlike traditional tours that rush from place to place, silver-haired travel focuses on slow-paced plans, cultural experiences and relaxing. The elderly today (born in the 1950s and 1960s) are healthier, more educated, and expect to try new things. For example, Grandma Li from Shanghai recently joined a 12-day cruise (邮轮旅行) to Japan. “We visited ancient buildings, tried local foods, and even danced with new friends on board,” she said, “It was like a dream!” Silver-haired travel isn’t just fun—it’s also good for health. Studies show that traveling improves memory and reduces stress in older adults. In Hainan, a popular place for winter vacations, the elderly enjoy beach walks, yoga classes, and traditional art. “Staying active keeps my mind working,” shared by Mr. Wang. Silver-haired tourism makes differences to local areas. In places like Chengdu and Hangzhou, hotels and restaurants now offer elderly-friendly services, such as easy-to-read menus and walking tours. The industry also creates jobs for tour guides, care-givers, and transportation workers. Moreover, it challenges thoughts about aging. In Xi’an, elderly tourists lead groups to the Terracotta Army, sharing stories that are not written in books. “Hearing their experiences was unforgettable,” said a 15-year-old volunteer. Experts predict silver-haired tourism will grow into a $100 billion industry by 2030. Technology companies are developing apps with voice guides and danger alarms for the elderly. Cities like Suzhou are designing “slow travel” routes (路线) with parks, museums, and tea houses. As the aging population grows bigger, silver-haired tourism shows that growing older doesn’t mean slowing down. It’s a chance to experience, connect, and create memories. Whether boating down the Li River or dancing in Tokyo, the elderly are telling the world that age is just a number. 36．What does the underlined word slow-paced in paragraph 1 mean? A．Fast and meaningful. B．cheap and interesting. C．Expensive and convenient. D．Relaxing and unhurried. 37．What do silver-haired tourists usually do during their trips? A．Rush to visit many places quickly. B．Enjoy slow activities like beach walks. C．Stay in hotels all day and talk a lot. D．Only eat local food and go shopping. 38．Why is traveling helpful for older adults’ health according to the passage? A．It improves memory and cuts down stress. B．It makes them stronger and live longer. C．It gives them more money and free time. D．It helps them make friends and avoid illnesses. 39．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a future plan for silver-haired tourism? A．Apps with voice guides and alarms. B．“Slow travel” routes in more cities. C．Free travel for all old people. D．Jobs in tourism for local people. 40．What is the main idea of the passage? A．“Silver-haired tourism” becomes popular. B．Traveling is good for the elderly. C．The elderly should travel more. D．Young people like to travel with the elderly. 【答案】36．D 37．B 38．A 39．C 40．A 【导语】本文讲述了近年来“银发旅游业”在中国兴起并变得受欢迎，并介绍了其特点、对老年人健康的好处、对当地的影响以及未来发展规划等内容。 36．词句猜测题。根据“Unlike traditional tours that rush from place to place”可知，银发旅游应是“轻松和不匆忙的”，选项D符合语境。故选D。 37．细节理解题。根据“silver-haired travel focuses on slow-paced plans”和“In Hainan, a popular place for winter vacations, the elderly enjoy beach walks, yoga classes, and traditional art.”可知，银发游客通常享受像海滩漫步这样的慢节奏活动。故选B。 38．细节理解题。根据“Studies show that traveling improves memory and reduces stress in older adults. ”可知，旅行能改善老年人的记忆力并减轻他们的压力，所以对健康有帮助。故选A。 39．细节理解题。根据“The industry also creates jobs for tour guides, care-givers, and transportation workers.”和“Technology companies are developing apps with voice guides and danger alarms for the elderly. Cities like Suzhou are designing ‘slow travel’ routes (路线) with parks, museums, and tea houses.”可知，A、B、D选项均有提及，C选项“为所有老年人提供免费旅行”未提到。故选C。 40．主旨大意题。根据“In recent years, ‘silver-haired tourism (旅游业)’ has become a hot topic in China. ”该句，以及文章后面段落从多方面阐述了银发旅游的相关情况。A选项“银发旅游变得受欢迎”符合题意。故选A。 Passage 2 （2026·湖北黄石·一模） In recent years, a new kind of travel has become popular: “slow travel.” Instead of rushing from one tourist spot to another, slow travelers spend more time in fewer places. They aim to connect with local culture, food, and people. The idea started in Europe in the 1980s as a response to fast-paced tourism. Today, it has spread worldwide. Slow travelers often choose trains over planes, stay in local homes instead of hotels, and eat at family-owned restaurants. One reason for this change is environmental awareness (意识). Air travel produces large amounts of carbon emissions (碳排放). By traveling slowly, people reduce their environmental impact. Another reason is the desire (渴望) for deeper experiences. Many travelers feel that visiting many places in a short time leaves little memory. In China, slow travel is also growing. Young people are spending a year exploring rural (农村) areas. Some even volunteer on farms or teach in villages. They say these experiences help them understand the country better than visiting big cities. However, slow travel is not for everyone. It requires time, patience, and sometimes more money. But for those who try it, the rewards are rich: real connections, lasting memories, and a new way to see the world. 41. What is the main idea of slow travel? A. Staying longer in fewer places. B. Visiting as many places as possible. C. Traveling only by train. D. Staying in expensive hotels. 42. When did slow travel first appear? A. In the 1960s. B. In the 1970s. C. In the 1980s. D. In the 1990s. 43. What is one reason people choose slow travel? A. To save time. B. To reduce carbon emissions. C. To visit more cities. D. To stay in big hotels. 44. The underlined word “rewards” in the last paragraph means __________. A. problems B. gifts C. advantages D. prizes 45. What does the story of slow travel mainly tell us? A. Traveling fast is better. B. Young people prefer cities. C. Air travel is harmful. D. Slow travel helps people connect deeply. 【答案】41. A 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了近年来流行的一种新的旅行方式“慢旅行”，介绍了其起源、特点、流行原因以及在中国的发展情况，还提及了慢旅行并非适合所有人但能带来丰富回报。 【41题详解】 第一段明确指出慢旅行的特点：“Instead of rushing from one tourist spot to another, slow travelers spend more time in fewer places”，说明慢旅行的主要理念是在更少的地方停留更长时间。 【42题详解】 第二段提到起源时间：“The idea started in Europe in the 1980s as a response to fast-paced tourism”，说明慢旅行首次出现是在20世纪80年代。 【43题详解】 第三段提到选择慢旅行的原因：“One reason for this change is environmental awareness (意识). Air travel produces large amounts of carbon emissions (碳排放). By traveling slowly, people reduce their environmental impact”，说明人们选择慢旅行的一个原因是为了减少碳排放。 【44题详解】 最后一段提到“rewards”所在句子：“But for those who try it, the rewards are rich: real connections, lasting memories, and a new way to see the world”，根据语境可知这里的“rewards”指的是慢旅行带来的好处，即“advantages”。 【45题详解】 文章整体围绕慢旅行展开，强调慢旅行能让人们与当地文化、食物和人有更深入的联系，最后一段“But for those who try it, the rewards are rich: real connections, lasting memories, and a new way to see the world”也再次强调了这一点，说明慢旅行能帮助人们深入联系。 主题04 人与自然——动物和植物 Passage 1 （2026·湖北·一模） The Yangtze Finless Porpoise (江豚) is a kind of cute animal living in the Yangtze River. It was named water pig and greedy fish in “Bencao Gangmu” by Li Shizhen. Now people call it smiling angel. But years ago, it was in great danger. Mr. Li is a 52-year-old man from Jingzhou, Hubei. He used to make a living by fishing in the Yangtze. At that time, he found the water was getting dirtier and the finless porpoises appeared fewer and fewer. His heart was filled with sadness. In 2020, China started the 10-year fishing ban (禁令) on the Yangtze. Mr. Li gave up fishing at once and became a protector of the Yangtze finless porpoise. Every day, he and other volunteers patrolled the river by boat. They picked up rubbish, stopped harmful activities and recorded the number of finless porpoises. They also told local people the importance of protecting the river and animals. More and more people understood and joined them. Some college students came to help with research. Some artists drew beautiful pictures to call on people to protect the environment. Now, the water of the Yangtze is much cleaner. The number of the finless porpoise is growing slowly. Mr. Li feels happy and proud. He says he will keep working until the “smiling angel” stays safely in the river forever. Protecting nature is protecting ourselves. Everyone can play a part in it. 46. What do people call the Yangtze finless porpoise now? A. Water pig. B. Smiling angel. C. Greedy fish. D. Green helper. 47. What did Mr. Li do before? A. A protector. B. A volunteer. C. A fisherman. D. A scientist. 48. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Mr. Li is 62 years old now. B. The 10-year fishing ban started in 2021. C. Only old people joined in the protection work. D. The number of finless porpoises is growing now. 49. The underlined word “patrolled” in Paragraph 3 probably means________. A. cleaned up B. watched over C. swam across D. flew over 50. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Volunteers are great and helpful. B. Fishing is bad for the Yangtze River. C. The Yangtze Finless Porpoise is cute. D. We should protect nature and animals. 【答案】46. B 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了长江江豚的生存状况、渔民李先生从捕鱼者转变为江豚保护者的过程，以及长江禁渔后江豚数量逐渐恢复的情况，呼吁人们保护自然与动物。 【46题详解】 第一段指出称呼：“Now people call it smiling angel”，直接说明现在人们把长江江豚叫作微笑天使。 【47题详解】 第二段说明职业：“He used to make a living by fishing in the Yangtze”，表明李先生以前是一名渔民。 【48题详解】 第五段说明现状：“The number of the finless porpoise is growing slowly”，证明长江江豚的数量现在正在慢慢增长。 【49题详解】 第三段解释词义：“Every day, he and other volunteers patrolled the river by boat”，结合上下文巡逻、守护河流的语境，可知“patrolled”意为“watched over”。 【50题详解】 最后一段点明主旨：“Protecting nature is protecting ourselves”，说明文章的中心思想是我们应该保护自然和动物。 Passage 2 （2026·湖北黄冈·一模） Try to think about it: you sit down and begin to eat a tomato. Suddenly, it screams (尖叫)! Just like humans, plants have ways to show they’re not okay. Scientists did a study. They used special microphones (麦克风) to hear the sounds of tomato plants in three groups. Then they checked the three groups. Groups 1 and 2 made sounds 30 to 50 times an hour, but Group 3 was quiet. “Quiet tomatoes are not nervous (紧张的) ,” said Hadany from the study team. He also listened to potatoes and corn, and found they made sounds, too. Who listens to these sounds? Scientists think that animals may hear the sounds. For example, the sound can tell animals which plant is safe. And some animals can choose which plant to eat by the sounds. Scientists say that this study will help farmers. They can take better care of the crops (农作物) by “hearing” how they feel. 51. Which of the following might let tomato plants make sounds more often? A. Planting them at the right time. B. Watering them as needed. C. Giving them enough sunlight. D. Cutting off their stems (茎). 52. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指代)? A. Tomato plants. B. Potatoes and corn. C. Some animals. D. Hadany and other scientists. 53. How can the study help farmers? A. It can help them grow healthy crops. B. It can help them stay safe while planting crops. C. It shows them a way to talk to their crops. D. It makes it more fun to work in the fields. 54. What’s the best title for the passage? A. Healthy Crops B. Amazing Tomatoes C. Screaming Plants D. Clever Animals 55. Where can we probably read the passage? A. In a food magazine. B. In a science book. C. In a storybook. D. In a travelling magazine. 【答案】51. D 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家的一项研究发现：植物在缺水或受损等压力状态下会发出人类听不到的“尖叫”声，并阐述了这一发现对动物行为及农业生产的潜在意义。 【51题详解】 第三段第二句指出：“Groups 1 and 2 made sounds 30 to 50 times an hour, but Group 3 was quiet.”。结合第二段图片信息可知，Group 2的操作是“Cut off stems”，这直接证明了切掉植物的茎会让其更频繁地发出声音。 【52题详解】 第三段最后一句指出：“He also listened to potatoes and corn, and found they made sounds, too.”。根据指代一致原则，此处的“they”指代前文提到的研究对象“potatoes and corn”，也就是土豆和玉米。 【53题详解】 最后一段第2句指出：“They can take better care of the crops (农作物) by ‘hearing’ how they feel.”。该句说明了通过“听”植物的声音来了解其感受，可以帮助农民更好地照顾作物，从而助力长出健康的庄稼。 【54题详解】 通读全文可知，文章第一段通过番茄“尖叫”的行为引出话题，第三段具体描述了不同植物发声的情况。选项C“尖叫的植物”最适合作文章的标题。 【55题详解】 文章第二段开头提到“Scientists did a study.”，且末段再次引用“Scientists say…”。全文通过科学实验来解释自然现象，属于科普知识，最可能出现在科学书中。 Passage 3 （2026·湖北老河口·一模） Can animals sense earthquakes and other natural disasters before they happen? Is there any real science behind this idea? As far back as 373 BCE, the ancient Greeks noticed that snakes would “behave strangely days before a big earthquake”. However, there isn’t enough scientific support that animals can sense earthquakes, at least not days before they happen. When an earthquake happens, it produces two kinds of energy waves(波). The smaller one is called a primary wave, or “P wave”. It arrives a couple of minutes before the larger secondary(第二的) wave, or “S wave”. The “P wave” travels faster because it can move through solid(固体的) things, water and air, while the “S wave” can only pass through solid things. Very few people notice the “P wave”, but animals often can, thanks to their good senses. With their excellent sense of smell, some wild animals can tell when a fire is burning nearby. But it’s impossible for them to have a premonition of when and where fires will start ahead of time. With the world getting warmer and warmer, wildfires become more common. It is harder than ever for animals to live through these disasters. A new study suggests that some birds may be able to sense storms much earlier than humans. The researchers studied veeries(棕色夜鸫), a kind of songbird. In certain years, these birds finished their breeding season(繁殖期) and began moving to South America earlier than usual. Those years turned out to have longer and more serious hurricane(飓风) seasons. The researchers consider the birds’ unusual behavior to be a sign of storms. But we need more research to make sure of this. 56. Why does the “P wave” travel faster? A. Because it’s much smaller. B. Because it carries more energy. C. Because people can sense it more easily. D. Because it can move through more things. 57. What does the underlined word “premonition” mean in Paragraph 4? A. A feeling that something is going to happen. B. A feeling that something is really important. C. A feeling that something is not completely true. D. A feeling that something will turn uncomfortable. 58. Which of the following might be a sign of serious storms? A. Veeries can sense the P wave clearly. B. Veeries look for safer places to live. C. Veeries fly to South America earlier. D. Veeries smell dangerous wildfires nearby. 59. What is the structure of the passage? (P = Paragraph) (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2 …) A. A. B. C. D. 60. Which is the best title for the passage? A. How to Predict Natural Disasters B. Ways to Keep Safe During Disasters C. Animals’ Unusual Behavior Before Disasters D. Why Earthquakes Produce Two Kinds of Waves 【答案】56. D 57. A 58. C 59. A 60. C 【解析】 【导语】本文探讨了动物是否能提前感知自然灾害，介绍了相关现象、科学原理及研究进展。 【56题详解】 第3段提到“The ‘P wave’ travels faster because it can move through solid things, water and air, while the ‘S wave’ can only pass through solid things”，可知P波传播更快是因为它能穿过更多物质。 【57题详解】 第4段“premonition”所在句意为“但它们不可能提前对火灾发生的时间和地点有____”，结合语境，该词意为“预感（A feeling that something is going to happen）”。 【58题详解】 第5段提到“these birds finished their breeding season and began moving to South America earlier than usual. Those years turned out to have longer and more serious hurricane seasons”，可知棕夜鸫更早飞往南美可能是强风暴的信号。 【59题详解】 第1段提出“动物能否提前感知自然灾害”的问题；第2-5段分别从地震、火灾、风暴三个方面展开说明。结构为①—②③④⑤，对应选项A。 【60题详解】 全文围绕“动物在灾害前的异常行为”展开，选项“Animals’ Unusual Behavior Before Disasters”最贴合主题。 主题05 人与社会——建筑 Passage 1 （2026·湖北广水·一模） All around the world, buildings are going green! People are making green buildings. What does it mean to go green or to make a green building? A green building is designed (设计) in a way that does no harm to the environment. The building uses energy, water, and other materials in ways that are good for the environment. When planning green buildings, architects (建筑师) must think about how to use energy, water, and materials in an environment-friendly way. There are many ways to save energy. Architects can design buildings to use natural light. Buildings can also be made with solar or wind power to get energy from the sun or the wind. To save water, green buildings can have areas on the roofs (屋顶) to collect rainwater. Kitchens and bathrooms can have sinks (洗涤槽) and toilets that conserve water. As for the building materials, it is important to use those that do not have chemicals that are harmful to the air or water. Recycled materials can also be used for buildings. Buildings around the world use all three of these ways to go green. An office building called CH2 in Melbourne, Australia, uses wind and solar power. A cultural center in London, England, is made from recycled train cars and is powered by solar and wind power. The Academy of Sciences building in California in the U.S. has recycled materials, solar energy, and a huge “living roof” of plants. A temple in Thailand is made out of one million recycled glass bottles! This is a good use of recycled material, and it also lets natural light into the temple. Not a single building should be designed without considering its influence on the environment. It’s pleasing that more and more green buildings are being built and they are making the world a better place! 61. What do we know about a green building? A. It uses fewer materials than other buildings. B. It is designed by famous architects. C. It is built in an environment-friendly way. D. It is usually painted green outside. 62. Which of the followings are GREEN ways to make buildings? ①using natural light ②getting energy from modern power ③collecting rainwater on the roofs ④having water-saving sinks and toilets ⑤buying low-cost building materials ⑥choosing harmless and recycled materials A. ①②④⑤ B. ①③④⑥ C. ②③④⑤ D. ②③⑤⑥ 63. How does the writer develop the main idea of paragraph 3? A. By listing reasons. B. By giving examples. C. By comparing facts. D. By raising questions. 64. What is the writer’s attitude (态度) towards green buildings? A. Doubtful. B. Uncertain. C. Worried. D. Supportive. 65. Which is the correct structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2,…) A. B. C. D. 【答案】61. C 62. B 63. B 64. D 65. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了绿色建筑的概念及其对环境的重要性。 【61题详解】 细节理解题。根据“A green building is designed in a way that does no harm to the environment.”可知，绿色建筑是以不损害环境的方式设计的。故选C。 【62题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Architects can design buildings to use natural light.”、“To save water, green buildings can have areas on the roofs to collect rainwater.”、“Kitchens and bathrooms can have sinks and toilets that conserve water.”、“As for the building materials, it is important to use those that do not have chemicals that are harmful to the air or water. Recycled materials can also be used for buildings.”可知，绿色建筑的方式包括使用自然光、收集雨水、使用节水设备以及选择无害和可回收材料。故选B。 【63题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中提到的多个绿色建筑的例子，如澳大利亚的CH2办公楼、伦敦的文化中心、加利福尼亚的科学学院大楼和泰国的寺庙，可知作者通过举例来展开段落的主要思想。故选B。 【64题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“It’s pleasing that more and more green buildings are being built and they are making the world a better place!”可知，作者对绿色建筑持支持态度。故选D。 【65题详解】 篇章结构题。文章的结构为：第一段介绍绿色建筑的概念，第二三段详细说明绿色建筑的设计方法以及举例印证，第四段总结并表达对绿色建筑的支持。故选A。 Passage 2 （2026·湖北随州·一模） The Three Gorges Dam (三峡大坝), lying on the Yangtze River in Hubei Province, is one of the largest and most amazing engineering projects in the world. It stands proudly between the beautiful mountains of Xiling Gorge, showing the wisdom and hard work of the Chinese people. The Yangtze River, China’s longest river, often caused serious floods in the past, bringing disasters to millions of people. To solve this problem and create clean energy, the Chinese government decided to build a huge dam. People began to build the Three Gorges Dam in 1994. And it took over 12 years to complete. Thousands of workers used modern machines and technology to make this dream come true. They moved mountains, changed the river’s path (路径) to build the dam, which is about 2.3 kilometers long and 185 meters high—as tall as a 60-story building! Today, the dam plays a key role in China. It has greatly reduced flood risks, protecting cities and farmlands. The dam’s power stations produce clean electricity for millions of homes and factories, helping reduce air pollution. Its connected vessel system (连通器系统) helps ships pass. Ships enter a lock (水闸), and gates close. Water level inside the lock rises or falls to match the next section. When the water levels become the same, gates open, and the ship moves to the next lock. The Three Gorges Dam is not just a dam—it’s a symbol of China’s courage and creativity. Visitors from around the world come to see this modern wonder. Students learn about its scientific achievements and the spirit of teamwork behind it. The dam teaches us that with determination (决心), humans can overcome even the most difficult challenges of nature. 66. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to (指代)？ A. The Yangtze River. B. The Xiling Gorge. C. The Three Gorges Dam. D. The engineering project. 67. What are the uses of the Three Gorges Dam according to the passage? ①Controlling floods. ②Producing clean energy. ③Creating new tourist places. ④Improving ship transportation. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 68. What physics principle (原理) allows ships to pass through the dam’s gates smoothly? A. B. C. D. 69. Which is the right structure of the passage?（①= Paragraph 1,②= Paragraph 2,…） A. B. C. D. 70. What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing the passage? A. To list the dam’s benefits to society. B. To describe challenges in building the dam. C. To explain why Chinese people built the dam. D. To praise the Chinese people’s wisdom and creativity. 【答案】66. C 67. B 68. C 69. A 70. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了三峡大坝的基本概况、建造背景、功能作用，以及其作为中国勇气与创造力象征的意义。 【66题详解】 第一段开头点明“The Three Gorges Dam, lying on the Yangtze River in Hubei Province, is one of the largest and most amazing engineering projects in the world.”，后文的“It stands proudly...”承接前文主语，因此It指代The Three Gorges Dam。 【67题详解】 第二段提到大坝用于“Controlling floods”（防洪），第四段提到“produce clean electricity”（发电，即②Producing clean energy），第四段还提到船闸系统“helps ships pass”（改善航运，即④Improving ship transportation），文中未提及③Creating new tourist places，因此正确组合为①②④。 【68题详解】 第四段说明船闸的原理是“Water level inside the lock rises or falls to match the next section. When the water levels become the same, gates open”，这是连通器原理，对应选项C的U型管连通器示意图。 【69题详解】 文章结构分析： ①段总起，介绍三峡大坝的地位； ②段介绍建造背景与过程； ③段介绍大坝的功能作用； ④段总结升华，点明大坝的象征意义。 属于“总-分-总”结构，对应选项A的结构。 【70题详解】 第一段提到大坝“showing the wisdom and hard work of the Chinese people”，最后一段提到“a symbol of China’s courage and creativity”，全文围绕赞美中国人民的智慧与创造力展开，因此作者的写作目的是To praise Chinese people’s wisdom and creativity。 主题01 人与社会——中国文化 Passage 1 （2026·湖北黄石·一模） Wuhan: The Busy and Modern City Wuhan is the capital of Hubei. It mixes old culture and new technology. In October 2025, the Wuhan Yangtze River Cultural Festival started. Over 300,000 people came to join it. They watched beautiful light shows on the Yangtze River Bridge, enjoyed traditional Chu shows and tasted local food like hot dry noodles. Young people also went to the 5G tech show in Optics Valley. It shows Wuhan is great in both culture and technology. Yichang: The Beautiful Scenic City Yichang is famous as the “Gateway to the Three Gorges”. In summer 2025, the Three Gorges International Tourism Festival brought many visitors. People took boats to see the great Three Gorges Dam, the world’s biggest hydro-power (水电) project. Local musicians gave folk music shows by the Yangtze River. Many visitors also went to Qu Yuan Temple to remember the great ancient poet. Xiangyang: The Old Historical City Xiangyang has a history of 2,800 years. In September 2025, it held the Xiangyang Ancient City Culture Week. People watched old battle shows on the city wall, visited calligraphy shows and tried traditional tea. Visitors could wear Hanfu (old Chinese clothes) and learn to make paper cuts. This activity shows Xiangyang’s important role in ancient Chinese history and culture. Huangshi: The Industrial and Cultural City Huangshi has a long industrial history and rich culture. In November 2025, it held the Huangshi Mining Culture Festival. People visited old mines and saw old mining tools in shows. They also joined stone-carving workshops and local craft fairs. Besides, there were outdoor music shows in lakeside parks. It shows Huangshi’s special mix of old industry and new culture. 1. Which city is good at both culture and technology? A. Wuhan. B. Yichang. C. Xiangyang. D. Huangshi. 2. What can visitors do in Yichang? A. Go to a 5G tech show. B. Watch folk music shows by the river. C. Wear Hanfu. D. Visit a mining festival. 3. The Xiangyang Ancient City Culture Week is mainly about __________. A. modern art B. natural scenery C. old history and culture D. industrial development 4. What is Huangshi famous for in this passage? A. The Three Gorges Dam. B. The Yangtze River Cultural Festival. C. Its industrial and cultural charm. D. The Xiangyang City Wall. 5. What do all four cities have in common? A. They are all modern tech centers. B. They have rich culture or history. C. They are all by the Yangtze River. D. They all hold big sports games. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了武汉、宜昌、襄阳和黄石四个城市的特点及相关活动情况，重点介绍了每个城市在文化、科技、历史、工业等方面的特色以及举办的活动。 【1题详解】 “Wuhan”部分提到“It shows Wuhan is great in both culture and technology”，说明武汉在文化和科技方面都很出色。 【2题详解】 “Yichang”部分提到“Local musicians gave folk music shows by the Yangtze River”，说明在宜昌游客可以在河边观看民间音乐表演。 【3题详解】 “Xiangyang”部分提到“This activity shows Xiangyang’s important role in ancient Chinese history and culture”，说明襄阳古城文化周主要是关于中国古代历史和文化的。 【4题详解】 “Huangshi”部分提到“Huangshi has a long industrial history and rich culture”，说明黄石在这篇文章中以工业和文化魅力而闻名。 【5题详解】 文中分别介绍了武汉融合古老文化和新技术，宜昌有著名景点和民间音乐等文化活动，襄阳有2800年历史及多种传统文化活动，黄石有悠久工业历史和丰富文化并举办矿业文化节等，说明这四个城市的共同点是都有丰富的文化或历史。 Passage 2 （2026·湖北黄石·一模） In ancient times, writing materials were rare (稀缺) and expensive. In China, people used bamboo strips (竹简) and silk to write. Bamboo strips were heavy and took up too much space, while silk was light but far too costly for common people. Writing and reading were activities only for the rich. Then came a man who would change everything. Cai Lun, an official in the Eastern Han Dynasty, was determined (决定) to find a better way. Around 105 AD, he created a new material by mixing tree bark, old cloth, fishing nets, and hemp (麻) waste with water. He pressed the mixture flat and let it dry in the sun. The result was light, thin, and cheap—the first true paper. Cai Lun sent his invention to the emperor, who was deeply impressed. Soon, paper was widely used across China. It made writing and reading possible for many more people, and knowledge began to spread faster than ever before. The art of paper-making remained a Chinese secret for hundreds of years. It spread to Korea and Japan, and later to the Arab world after the Tang Dynasty. In the 12th century, paper finally reached Europe. Before paper arrived, Europeans wrote on animal skin, which was so expensive that few people could afford books. Paper changed that. Suddenly, books became much cheaper, and education was no longer a privilege (特权) of the rich. Today, paper is everywhere. Without Cai Lun’s invention, the spread of knowledge would have been much slower. Paper is considered one of the most important inventions in human history. 6. What problem did people face before paper was invented? A. They did not know how to write. B. Writing materials were either heavy or too expensive. C. The emperor did not allow writing. D. They had no bamboo or silk. 7. What did Cai Lun use to make paper? A. Wood and stones. B. Bamboo strips and silk. C. Animal skin and metal. D. Tree bark, old cloth, fishing nets, and hemp waste. 8. What is the right order of the following facts from the passage? ①Paper-making spread to Europe. ②Cai Lun invented the first true paper. ③Writing materials like bamboo strips and silk were expensive. ④Paper was widely used across China. A. ③→②→④→① B. ②→③→①→④ C. ③→①→②→④ D. ②→④→③→① 9. How did paper help spread knowledge? A. It made books cheaper and more available. B. It made writing more beautiful. C. It helped the emperor rule better. D. It was stronger than bamboo. 10. What does the story of paper mainly tell us? A. The importance of keeping secrets. B. The history of Chinese emperors. C. How an invention can change the world. D. The best way to make paper. 【答案】6. B 7. D 8. A 9. A 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了蔡伦改进造纸术的历史背景、制作方法及其对知识传播和世界文明的重大影响。 【6题详解】 第一段明确指出：“Bamboo strips were heavy and took up too much space, while silk was light but far too costly”，说明在纸发明之前，书写材料要么太重，要么太贵。 【7题详解】 第二段明确指出：“he created a new material by mixing tree bark, old cloth, fishing nets, and hemp waste with water”，说明蔡伦用树皮、旧布、渔网和麻渣等材料造纸。 【8题详解】 第一段提到“In ancient times, writing materials were rare (稀缺) and expensive. In China, people used bamboo strips (竹简) and silk to write”，说明像竹简和丝绸这样的书写材料很昂贵，这是最初的情况，为③；第二段提到“Around 105 AD, he created a new material...The result was light, thin, and cheap—the first true paper”，说明蔡伦发明了第一张真正的纸，为②；第三段提到“Soon, paper was widely used across China”，说明纸在中国广泛使用，为④；第四段提到“In the 12th century, paper finally reached Europe”，说明造纸术传播到欧洲，为①。所以顺序是③→②→④→①。 【9题详解】 第四段指出纸传到欧洲后，“Suddenly, books became much cheaper, and education was no longer a privilege of the rich”，说明纸使书籍更便宜、更容易获得，从而帮助知识传播。 【10题详解】 全文讲述了纸的发明如何从昂贵的书写材料演变为普及的知识传播工具，说明了发明可以改变世界。 Passage 3 （2026·湖北丹江口·一模） So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e I. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called Kua Fu Mission. Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2,000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground. From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology. 11. In China, space scientists get ideas from ________ when naming satellites. ①old stories ②traditional projects ③ancient famous people ④popular inventions A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②④ D. ③④ 12. What do we know about Chang’e I according to the passage? A. It moves around the moon. B. It protects the Jade Rabbit. C. It “visits” the sun with the scientists. D. It is the world’s first man-made satellite. 13. How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 4? A. By listing numbers. B. By comparing facts. C. By giving an example. D. By reporting a result. 14. Which is the right structure of the passage? （①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, ...） A. B. C. D. 15. What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage? A. To spread the traditional Chinese culture. B. To explain how our scientists develop the space industry. C. To introduce the achievements in our science and technology. D. To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science. 【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了嫦娥一号、“玉兔号”月球车、“墨子号”空间量子科学实验卫星与中国传统文化之间的关联，展现了传统文化对我国太空科学的影响。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names.”可知，中国的太空科学家在给卫星和太空飞船命名时，受到古老故事和古代名人的启发。故选B。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据“China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e I”可知，嫦娥一号是一颗绕月人造卫星。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据“For example,…”可知，作者通过举例来支持自己的观点。故选C。 【14题详解】 篇章结构题。通过文章可知，第一段介绍文章主题，太空技术与古代传统文化有关系；第二，三，四自然段分别从中国传统故事以及古代著名人物方面介绍；最后一个自然段总结全文。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了嫦娥一号、“玉兔号”月球车、“墨子号”空间量子科学实验卫星与中国传统文化之间的关联，展现了传统文化对我国太空科学的影响。故选D。 Passage 4 （2026·湖北监利·一模） Have you ever heard of the British Library? It is one of the largest research libraries in the world. It has more than 170 million collections, including 14 million books and plenty of ancient manuscripts (古老的手稿). People can enjoy great works by Mozart and Shakespeare there. It also keeps special Chinese treasures: more than 450 oracle bones (甲骨文) from over three thousand years ago in the Shang Dynasty (朝代) and the Diamond Sutra, the world’s earliest dated printed book. Recently, 16 Chinese online novels have been collected by the British Library as the first Chinese web novels in it. Readers can look up the information about the 16 books on the library’s website and borrow printed copies in the library. They are now in the library’s Asian & African collections, such as The Wisdom of the Great Song Dynasty, Good Spring Time and Magic World. Covering history, reality and fantasy, these works are seen as the great classics of Chinese online literature in the past 20 years. The British Library chooses books according to readers’ needs and cultural importance. It collects items that show the history, art and culture of a country. The collection of the 16 works means Chinese online literature has become an important modern cultural characteristic. Good Spring Time pays much attention to Chinese porcelain (瓷器) culture. It tells people to fight against fate (命运) actively and shows women’s independence and the warm love among family members. Readers can learn about a great and wonderful China from the traditions, friendship and beauty in the novel. Some people think it is not important, but many Chinese writers and fans are very excited. They think it is a successful cultural spread and hope Chinese web novels will get more attention from the world in the future. 16. The writer starts the text by ________. A. telling a story B. asking a question C. listing numbers D. explaining a difference 17. What is the most special part about the 16 books? A. They cover history, reality and fantasy. B. They make up special Chinese treasures. C. Readers can also borrow printed copies in it. D. They are the first Chinese online novels in it. 18. The library chooses the 16 books because ________. A. they are read by most Chinese people B. they cover the topics Chinese people like C. they are welcomed and culturally important D. they are all about Chinese porcelain culture 19. What does the passage mainly tell us? A. The British Library is the largest library. B. Online novels play an important role. C. Chinese online novels are becoming popular. D. Readers can learn more about China from novels. 20. The structure of the passage is ________. A. B. C. D. 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. C 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了大英图书馆首次收录16部中国网络小说的事件，说明了大英图书馆的馆藏背景、选书标准，以及这些中国网络小说的文化价值与国际意义。 【16题详解】 第一段“Have you ever heard of the British Library?”说明文章以提出问题的方式开篇。 【17题详解】 第二段“Recently, 16 Chinese online novels have been collected by the British Library as the first Chinese web novels in it.”表明这16本书最特殊的地方是它们是大英图书馆首次收录的中国网络小说。 【18题详解】 第四段“The British Library chooses books according to readers’ needs and cultural importance.”说明大英图书馆选书的依据是读者需求（即受欢迎程度）和文化重要性。 【19题详解】 文章围绕“大英图书馆收录16部中国网络小说”这一事件展开，说明了中国网络文学的文化价值与国际影响力，核心主旨是中国网络小说正受到国际关注、走向世界。 【20题详解】 第一段介绍大英图书馆的背景与馆藏；第二、三段介绍了大英图书馆收录了中国网络小说；第四、五段说明中国网络小说被收录的原因；第六段总结并说明不同人对此事的看法与展望。A选项符合文章结构。 主题02 人与自然——自然现象 Passage 1 （2026·湖北武汉·一模） There’s always one thing that can brighten up a rainy day, and that’s a rainbow (彩虹). Rainbows are simple tricks played by sunlight and raindrops. Raindrops are like tiny, round balls—that’s what makes rainbows possible. When sunlight enters a raindrop, it first bends (折射), then reflects off the inside wall, and finally goes out. On this journey, sunlight breaks into seven colors. Red light bends the least and goes out at 42°, landing on the outer side. Purple light bends the most and goes out at 40°, landing on the inner side. All the other colors—orange, yellow, green, blue, and indigo—spread out in between. When light bends twice inside the drop, a double rainbow can form. And in that second arc (弧), the colors take a turn and appear in the opposite order. Why don’t you see rainbows every time it rains? The Sun must be behind you and no higher than 42° above the horizon (地平线). Only in that condition can light hit the drops just right and reach your eyes. A fogbow (雾虹) is like a rainbow that forgets its colors. Instead of raindrops, it’s made by tiny drops of water in fog or mist. They are so small that sunlight doesn’t bend completely, and it spreads out. This mixes the colors together, creating a large, white fogbow. Fire rainbows aren’t on fire. They’re rainbow-colored clouds. High in the freezing sky, clouds made of ice crystals (冰晶) act like colorful glass. When the Sun climbs above 58°, sunlight hits the crystals just right, bends, and breaks into colors across the sky, like the clouds that catch fire. You can usually see them in summer, within 55 degrees north or south of the equator (赤道). See them, and you’ve caught the sky doing its most magical trick. 21. What makes rainbows possible according to paragraph 1? A. Thick and heavy clouds. B. Tiny ball-like raindrops. C. Clear and blue sky. D. Low temperature. 22. The picture shows how a rainbow forms, so what degree should be in ①? A. 42° B. 40° C. 55° D. 58° 23. In which kind of rainbow does red light land on the inner side? A. The single rainbow. B. The double rainbow. C. The fogbow. D. The fire rainbows. 24. According to paragraph 6, what is a necessary condition for fire rainbows to form? A. The Sun is at the horizon. B. There is a big fire in the sky. C. The Sun is higher than 58° above the horizon. D. People must use colorful glass. 25. What does the passage mainly introduce? A. The reflection of light B. How water creates colors. C. Why the Sun is magical. D. Rainbows and their cousins. 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了彩虹及其“亲属”现象（如双彩虹、雾虹和火彩虹）的形成原理、颜色排列顺序以及观测这些现象所需的特定条件。 【21题详解】 第一段提到：“Raindrops are like tiny, round balls—that’s what makes rainbows possible.”，这直接说明了像微小圆球一样的雨滴是彩虹形成的必要条件。 【22题详解】 第二段提到：“Red light bends the least and goes out at 42°, landing on the outer side. Purple light bends the most and goes out at 40°, landing on the inner side.”。结合图片可知，①指向彩虹外侧的红光，②指向内侧的紫光，因此①对应的度数应为42°。 【23题详解】 第三段提到双彩虹时说明：“…in that second arc, the colors take a turn and appear in the opposite order.”。在普通彩虹中红光位于外侧，而双彩虹的第二道弧颜色顺序相反，因此红光会出现在内侧。 【24题详解】 第六段提到：“When the Sun climbs above 58°, sunlight hits the crystals just right…”。文中明确指出，只有当太阳高度角超过58°时，阳光才能以正确的角度照射冰晶形成火彩虹，这是其形成的必要物理条件。 【25题详解】 文章前四段介绍了普通彩虹和双彩虹的原理及条件，第五、六段分别引申介绍了雾虹和火彩虹。综合全篇，文章主要介绍了彩虹及其相关类似现象。 主题03 人与自我——性格与品质 Passage 1 （2026·湖北荆州·一模） Have you ever compared your handwriting with your friends’ to see how different it is? Like no two leaves in the world are exactly the same, no two people share the same handwriting. Your handwriting can actually say a lot about what kind of person you are. Try writing out a sentence: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. Then see what your handwriting says about you. Size of your handwriting Did you know that the size of your handwriting can show your character? Large handwriting may show that you’re easy to get along with and you want to be noticed by others. Small handwriting may mean that you’re shy and cautious, and always pay attention to details (细节). If your handwriting is medium-sized, you can get used to new places quickly. Space between words Do you often leave big spaces between your words? A study says the space between your words can show how close you want to be with others. If you leave wide spaces, you love your freedom. You like having your own space. If your words are very close to each other, you have a strong desire (愿望) to stay with your friends and family. If you leave medium spaces, you are balanced (平衡的). You like your own space, but you also enjoy being with others sometimes. Slant (倾斜) of the words The slant of your handwriting can tell how you treat people around you. Slanting to the right means you welcome or accept new ideas easily. And you consider your friends and family are more important than anything else. While slanting to the left may show that you think deeply. And you like to work behind the scenes better. If you write without slanting at all, you may be very calm. Although the handwriting doesn’t always tell the truth, we can read it for fun. What matters most is that you should write carefully. 26. How does the writer start the passage? A. By telling a story. B. By asking a question. C. By comparing facts. D. By listing numbers. 27. What does the underlined word “cautious” mean in paragraph 2? A. Brave. B. Outgoing. C. Careful. D. Humorous. 28. Which of the following can be put in ________ of the following mind map? A. low, wide B. low, straight C. strong, wide D. strong, straight 29. Which is the right structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2,…) A. B. C. D. 30. What is the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage? A. To ask people to write out a sentence. B. To ask us to change our handwriting. C. To tell us handwriting may show character. D. To show people how to write beautifully. 【答案】26. B 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了笔迹分析，并从三个方面分析了笔迹与性格的关系。 【26题详解】 根据首句“Have you ever compared your handwriting with your friends’ to see how different it is?”，可知作者是通过设问的方式引出论点。文章开头的方式即提问。 【27题详解】 根据“shy and cautious, and always pay attention to details”三个词的并列关系，可知cautious意为careful“小心”。outgoing与shy语义矛盾，humorous“幽默”和brave“勇敢”与另外两个词反映的性格特质不太相符。 【28题详解】 由横轴“Spaces between words”定位到第三段；由“If your words are very close to each other, you have a strong desire to stay with your friends and family.”可知，写字间距窄，对应着和家人朋友待在一起的强烈愿望，第一空填strong；“If you leave wide spaces, you love your freedom.”说明写字间距宽反映热爱自由，第二空填wide。 【29题详解】 本文是“总——分——总”结构，先通过设问引出笔迹反映性格的论点；再用三个小标题从三个方面展开具体论述；最后从测试回归认真书写的重要性。A项结构图符合。 【30题详解】 全文围绕“笔迹反映性格”展开，从大小、间距、倾斜度三方面分析，符合C项“告诉我们笔迹可能反映出性格”。 主题04 人与自我——记忆力提升 Passage 1 （2026·湖北黄冈·一模） Most people hope to have a good memory which helps them succeed in study, work and life. Can memory be improved? Luckily, hundreds of studies in the past 50 years have already given us a definite (确定的) answer. A healthy lifestyle (生活方式) keeps your brain memory active. First of all, it is necessary to have a healthy eating habit. Eating more food rich in Vitamin B and Vitamin E helps you have a better memory. Doing exercise can keep your brain alive, too. Proper exercise provides much needed oxygen (氧气) for the brain. Running, riding a bike, swimming and even walking two or three times a week are helpful. Moreover, getting enough sleep is important. Only when your brain gets a good rest, can it work well. The healthier your lifestyle is, the better your memory will become. Memory skills help you remember things better. Chunking is a way of remembering a piece of information by cutting it into smaller ones. For example, to memorize a ten-digit (数字) telephone number 2127983630, you can divide the digits into three groups: first 212, then 798, and last 3630. This method is far more effective (有效的) than remembering a string (字符串) of 10 digits. However, memory skills will hardly work if you don’t understand the information. What’s more, only a regular (经常的) review can make the memory last long. That is why students are always advised to go over what they have learned after one day and then after three days, and then use it as often as possible. Human brains are like muscles that need nutrition (营养) and exercise to become stronger. If you make a few lifestyle changes and try some memory skills, you can certainly improve your memory. 31. How many ways of keeping a healthy lifestyle are mentioned in the passage? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 32. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________. A. telephone B. nutrition C. information D. memory 33. Why should we review what we’ve learned regularly? A. To make the memory last long. B. To show that we are hard-working. C. To follow our teachers’ advice. D. To do homework right and finish it early. 34. Which of the following is NOT true? A. To have a healthy eating habit is necessary. B. Getting enough sleep is important. C. Memory skills are helpful for you to remember things. D. Human brains don’t need nutrition and exercise. 35. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Not everyone has a good memory. B. Memory can be improved in some way. C. Memory skills are not difficult to learn. D. It’s important to have a healthy lifestyle. 【答案】31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如何通过健康的生活方式和记忆技巧来提高记忆力。文章指出，过去50年的研究已经证实记忆力是可以提升的，并给出了具体的建议和方法。 【31题详解】 第二段提到保持健康生活方式的具体做法：“First of all, it is necessary to have a healthy eating habit.”、“Doing exercise can keep your brain alive, too.”、“Moreover, getting enough sleep is important.”，共提到三种方式。 【32题详解】 第三段中“it”出现在句子“if you don’t understand the information”之后，指代前文提到的“information”，即如果你不理解信息，记忆技巧几乎不起作用。 【33题详解】 第三段明确指出：“only a regular review can make the memory last long”，因此定期复习目的是让记忆保持长久。 【34题详解】 最后一段指出：“Human brains are like muscles that need nutrition and exercise to become stronger.”，而D选项说“Human brains don’t need nutrition and exercise”与原文意思相反。 【35题详解】 文章第一段提出“Can memory be improved?”并给出肯定答案，随后从生活方式和记忆技巧两方面说明如何提升记忆力。最后一段总结：“you can certainly improve your memory”，因此文章主旨是记忆力可以通过某些方式得到提升。 主题05 人与自我——身体语言 Passage 1 （2026·湖北丹江口·一模） Positive body language can tell you a lot about how someone is feeling. It shows that they’re interested in you and the conversation. A relaxed posture (姿势) shows a sense of comfort and ease. If someone sits comfortably and breathes calmly, he may be free from stress (压力). He will leave you with an impression that encourages you to share a lot with him. Relaxed arms also show that the person is easy to get along with. For example, when you’re talking to the host at a party, and the host uncrosses his arms and opens his hands, you must feel welcomed. Proper eye contact is necessary in a pleasant conversation. Looking into the other person’s eyes shows that you’re really interested in what they are saying. However, staring at others too long can be considered impolite. So proper eye contact also means looking away sometimes to avoid staring. Nodding along is a way of showing that you’re really listening. When you nod while someone else is talking, it lets them know that you agree with what they’re saying and understand their meaning. Smiling is an effective way to be kind and honest. Everyone loves being around people who always have a smile on their face. Using positive body language can make communication much smoother and bring great things in return. The proper use of body language in communication with people will lead to some surprising results! 36. According to this passage, how many kinds of positive body language are mentioned? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 37. When someone is talking with you with a relaxed posture, you will ________. A. sit in a comfortable sofa B. leave him with a good impression C. have a stressful feeling D. want to talk to him more 38. Which of the following body language can show your agreement? A. Smiling happily. B. Nodding along. C. Eye contact. D. Crossing arms. 39. Which of the following is NOT true about positive body language? A. People like staying with the person who always smiles. B. Using too much eye contact is very impolite. C. When you cross your arms, you are welcoming others. D. Nodding while someone else is talking means you understand them. 40. What would be the best title for the passage? A. The Power of Positive Body Language B. How to Improve Your Communication Skills C. Smiling: The Most Important Gesture D. Understanding Different Types of Body Language 【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了积极肢体语言在交流中的重要作用及具体表现。 【36题详解】 文中提到的积极肢体语言分别为放松的姿势、放松的手臂、恰当的眼神交流、点头、微笑，一共五种。 【37题详解】 根据原文第二段段末“He will leave you with an impression that encourages you to share a lot with him”可知，放松的姿态会给对方留下一种印象，鼓励你与他多交流。 【38题详解】 原文第五段明确指出“When you nod while someone else is talking, it lets them know that you agree with what they’re saying and understand their meaning.”，点头表示同意和理解。 【39题详解】 原文第三段提到“when you’re talking to the host at a party, and the host uncrosses his arms and opens his hands, you must feel welcomed.”，这说明uncrossed arms（手臂未交叉）才是表示欢迎的姿态，交叉手臂则相反。因此C选项与原文不符。 【40题详解】 文章开头点明积极肢体语言能反映情绪、表达兴趣；最后一段总结“Using positive body language can make communication much smoother and bring great things in return.”，全文围绕积极肢体语言的作用展开，因此The Power of Positive Body Language是最佳标题。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解（说明文） 参考答案 主题01 人与社会——中国文化 Passage 1：1. B 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. C Passage 2：6. A 7. C 8. C 9. D 10. A Passage 3：11. A 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. C 主题02 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1：16. B 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. C Passage 2：21. C 22. D 23. D 24. A 25. B Passage 3：26. B 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. C Passage 4：31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C 主题03 人与社会——旅游 Passage 1：36．D 37．B 38．A 39．C 40．A Passage 2：41. A 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. D 主题04 人与自然——动物和植物 Passage 1：46. B 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. D Passage 2：51. D 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. B Passage 3：56. D 57. A 58. C 59. A 60. C 主题05 人与社会——建筑 Passage 1：61. C 62. B 63. B 64. D 65. A Passage 2：66. C 67. B 68. C 69. A 70. D 主题01 人与社会——中国文化 Passage 1：1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. B Passage 2：6. B 7. D 8. A 9. A 10. C Passage 3：11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D Passage 4：16. B 17. D 18. C 19. C 20. A 主题02 人与自然——自然现象 Passage 1：21. B 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 主题03 人与自我——性格与品质 Passage 1：26. B 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. C 主题04 人与自我——记忆力提升 Passage 1：31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 主题05 人与自我——身体语言 Passage 1：36. C 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. A 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $