Unit 4 Space Exploration 单元语法（动词不定式做定语和状语）练习-2025-2026学年高一英语人教版必修第三册

Unit 4 Space Exploration 动词不定式做定语和状语 一、单句语法填空 1．The project (complete) by next month will use advanced AI technology. 2．High school students have the opportunity （exchange）ideas and experiences in various clubs and organizations. 3．Ambitious and determined, he was the first (volunteer) for the challenging project. 4．I was staying in Atlanta, which was one of the cities (hit). 5．I must say that I have the potential (work) as an instructor. 6．She realized that one of the great benefits of the phones was its ability (remove) the distance that usually exists between people. 7．Susan was the first person in our office (think) of the idea. 8．People have the freedom (express) their opinion. 9．The next person (attend) the meeting is Mr Baker. 10．Human life is regarded as part of nature, and the only way for us (survive) is to live in harmony with nature. 11．Ne Zha 2: Demon Child Conquers the Sea, written and directed by Jiaozi, has earned more than 14.5 billon at the box office, becoming the first Chinese film (achieve) the milestone. 12．She has a strong desire (catch) up on her reading during the holidays. 13．First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get a second chance (make) a first impression. 14．I have the privilege (introduce) our speaker for tonight. 15．His failure (defend) quickly enough led to losing the match. 16．The technology has the potential (change) our transportation systems and our cities. 17．The inability (engage) with longer-term causes and consequences leads to some of the world’s most serious problems: climate change, biodiversity collapse, and more. 18．The realization that this is a precious land, (respect) by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni. 19．Network learning has increasingly become an important means for people (acquire) knowledge and solve problems. 20．In the end, I had a new scientific interest (pursue). 21． (promote) healthy eating habits, the hospitals launched educational campaigns, distributing free nutrition guides in communities. 22． (illustrate) the importance of time management, the teacher showed how a weekly schedule could double productivity. 23．The committee held a special ceremony (award) the students who had achieved outstanding academic performance. 24． (catch) the first bus, we got up very early. 25．A committee was established (limit) damage to the old buildings. 26． (strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media. 27． (access) the online library, make sure your device is connected to a stable network. 28． (defeat) their opponents in the upcoming match, the team trained day and night. 29．They went to the store to buy the new phone, only (inform) that it was sold out. 30．From my point of view, Jane was too young (proceed) with the next job. 31．The stadium is large enough (contain) 100 thousand audience. 32．Your argument is too weak (persuade) me. 33．She had meant to sit back and take a nap, only (inspire) by the powerful speech. 34．The evidence is not detailed enough (sustain) his argument. 35．Festival-goers are keen (try) traditional foods from different cultures. 36．We will be pleased (answer) any questions you may have. 37．After John was back on his feet, he was anxious (return) to school as soon as possible. 38．Do not feel ashamed (miss) my wedding. 39．I am ashamed (show) off my incompetence in the presence of an expert like you. 40．He is a bright boy with rich knowledge, since he is always curious (discover) the unknown.（用所给词的适当形式填空） 二、完成句子 41．They were very happy . 收到它们他们很高兴。 42．I’m so sorry (hear) about your failure on business. 听说你生意失败，我很难过。 43．我们应该足够勇敢来接受新的挑战，选择我们自己的道路。 We should be brave enough to new challenges and choose our own path. 44．People set off fireworks during the Spring Festival the bad luck of the past year. 人们在春节放烟花以摆脱过去一年的坏运气。 45．You will also have the chance . 你也将有机会设计和发射一个模型火箭。 46．This vast dish also has the ability , right at the edge of the visible universe. 这个巨盘还能探索数十亿光年之外的太空领域，那里是看得到的宇宙的边界。 47．As a physician during the Han Dynasty, Hua Tuo is often credited with being . 作为汉代的一名医生，华佗经常被认为是中国第一个在手术中使用麻醉的人。 48． is to learn by experience. 学习的最佳办法就是从经验中学习。 49．与你的同学们经常对照笔记是提高学习的一种有效方法。 Comparing notes with your classmates frequently is a good way . 50．我们早早起床，以便能准时到那儿。(一句多译) （1）We got up early we could get there on time. （2）We got up early on time. （3）We got up early on time. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Space Exploration 动词不定式做定语和状语 一、单句语法填空 1．The project (complete) by next month will use advanced AI technology. 【答案】to be completed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：将于下个月完成的项目将使用先进的人工智能技术。根据“by next month”可知是描述将来的事情，应用动词不定式作定语，且complete和project之间是被动关系，故用不定式的被动语态，故填to be completed。 2．High school students have the opportunity （exchange）ideas and experiences in various clubs and organizations. 【答案】to exchange 【详解】考查动词不定式。 句意：高中生有机会在各种俱乐部和组织中交流想法和经验。opportunity后常用不定式作后置定语，表示“做某事的机会”。故填to exchange。 3．Ambitious and determined, he was the first (volunteer) for the challenging project. 【答案】to volunteer 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他雄心勃勃，意志坚定，是第一个自愿参加这个具有挑战性的项目的人。根据句意和空前的the first可知，此处考查固定结构“the+序数词+to do sth.”，表示“第几个做某事的人”，所以空处需用动词不定式作后置定语修饰the first，表示“他是第一个自愿参加这个具有挑战性项目的人”。故填to volunteer。 4．I was staying in Atlanta, which was one of the cities (hit). 【答案】to be hit 【详解】考查不定式作后置定语。句意：我当时住在亚特兰大，那是被袭击的城市之一。所填动词作之前名词“the cities”的后置定语，而名词“the cities”在句中作表语，应是用不定式形式作后置定语，且“hit”与其之间为被动关系，应是to be done。故填to be hit。 5．I must say that I have the potential (work) as an instructor. 【答案】to work 【详解】考查不定式。句意：我必须说我有成为一名教师的潜力。have the potential to do sth.是固定短语，意为“有做某事的潜力”，因此空格处用不定式to work，作后置定语。故填to work。 6．She realized that one of the great benefits of the phones was its ability (remove) the distance that usually exists between people. 【答案】to remove 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她意识到手机最大的好处之一是它能够消除人与人之间通常存在的距离。ability后常用动词不定式作定语，表示“……的能力”。故填to remove。 7．Susan was the first person in our office (think) of the idea. 【答案】to think 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：苏珊是我们办公室里第一个想到这个想法的人。“the first+名词+to do”表示“第一个做……的……”，所以空处用不定式作后置定语，修饰person。故填to think。 8．People have the freedom (express) their opinion. 【答案】to express 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们有表达自己观点的自由。have the freedom to do sth.是固定用法，意为 “有做某事的自由”，不定式作后置定语。故填to express。 9．The next person (attend) the meeting is Mr Baker. 【答案】to attend 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：下一个参加会议的人是贝克先生。空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词person，根据句意可知，此处表示将来要发生的动作，需用动词不定式to attend作后置定语。故填to attend。 10．Human life is regarded as part of nature, and the only way for us (survive) is to live in harmony with nature. 【答案】to survive 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人类的生命被视为自然的一部分，我们生存的唯一途径就是与自然和谐相处。“the (only) way for sb. to do sth.”是常用搭配，意为“某人做某事的(唯一)方法”，其中不定式to do作后置定语，用来修饰名词way；the only way for sb. to survive意为“某人生存的唯一途径”。故填to survive。 11．Ne Zha 2: Demon Child Conquers the Sea, written and directed by Jiaozi, has earned more than 14.5 billon at the box office, becoming the first Chinese film (achieve) the milestone. 【答案】to achieve 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：由饺子自编自导的《哪吒2：魔童闹海》票房超过145亿美元，成为第一部达到这一里程碑的中国电影。当名词前有序数词、最高级等修饰时，常用动词不定式作后置定语，对该名词进行修饰和限定。在本句中，“the first Chinese film”被序数词 “first” 修饰，所以后面要用动词不定式 “to achieve”作后置定语，修饰“film”，表示 “第一部达到这个里程碑的中国电影”。故填to achieve。 12．She has a strong desire (catch) up on her reading during the holidays. 【答案】to catch 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：她强烈渴望在假期里补上她落下的阅读量。“have a strong desire to do sth.” 是固定用法，表示 “有强烈的愿望去做某事”，此处要用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰 “desire”。故填 to catch。 13．First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get a second chance (make) a first impression. 【答案】to make 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：第一印象是最持久的。毕竟，你没有第二次机会给别人留下第一印象。chance后使用动词不定式作定语，故填to make。 14．I have the privilege (introduce) our speaker for tonight. 【答案】to introduce 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很荣幸能介绍今晚的演讲者。privilege后接不定式作定语，表示“有……的特权/荣幸”。故填to introduce。 15．His failure (defend) quickly enough led to losing the match. 【答案】to defend 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他未能足够迅速地进行防守导致输掉了比赛。“failure to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“未能做某事”，名词failure后常用不定式作后置定语。故填to defend。 16．The technology has the potential (change) our transportation systems and our cities. 【答案】to change 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这项技术有潜力改变我们的交通系统和我们的城市。have the potential to do sth有做某事的潜力，为固定短语。不定式作后置定语。故填to change。 17．The inability (engage) with longer-term causes and consequences leads to some of the world’s most serious problems: climate change, biodiversity collapse, and more. 【答案】to engage 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：无法处理长期原因和后果导致了一些世界上最严重的问题：气候变化、生物多样性崩溃等等。修饰抽象名词“inability”，常用不定式形式。故填to engage。 18．The realization that this is a precious land, (respect) by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni. 【答案】to be respected 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：意识到这是一块珍贵的土地，应该受到人类的尊重，这是Ginni最深刻的感受之一。空处修饰名词land作后置定语，动作发生在将来，且land与respect构成逻辑上的被动关系，用动词不定式的被动语态。故填to be respected。 19．Network learning has increasingly become an important means for people (acquire) knowledge and solve problems. 【答案】to acquire 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：网络学习日益成为人们获取知识和解决问题的重要手段。本句谓语为has become，此处为非谓语动词。means for sb. to do sth.，意为“供某人做某事的方式/手段”，所以本空用动词acquire“获取”的不定式，作后置定语。故填 to acquire。 20．In the end, I had a new scientific interest (pursue). 【答案】to pursue 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，我有了一个新的科学兴趣去追求。此处是have sth to do结构，表示“有某事要……”，动词不定式作后置定语，故填to pursue。 21． (promote) healthy eating habits, the hospitals launched educational campaigns, distributing free nutrition guides in communities. 【答案】To promote 【详解】考查不定式。句意：为了促进健康的饮食习惯，医院发起了教育运动，在社区分发免费的营养指南。由后文句意可知，空格处用不定式表目的，作状语。位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填To promote。 22． (illustrate) the importance of time management, the teacher showed how a weekly schedule could double productivity. 【答案】To illustrate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了说明时间管理的重要性，老师展示了周计划如何提高效率。根据句意可知，此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了说明”，句首字母大写，故填To illustrate。 23．The committee held a special ceremony (award) the students who had achieved outstanding academic performance. 【答案】to award 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：委员会举行了一个特别仪式，以表彰那些学业成绩优异的学生。结合语意可知，委员会句型特别仪式是为了表彰成绩优异的学生，空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式形式to award，表示“为了表彰”。故填to award。 24． (catch) the first bus, we got up very early. 【答案】To catch 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了赶上第一班公共汽车，我们起得很早。句中got为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处表示目的，作状语故使用不定式结构。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填To catch。 25．A committee was established (limit) damage to the old buildings. 【答案】to limit 【详解】考查不定式。句意：成立了一个委员会以限制对旧建筑的破坏。由“limit damage to the old buildings”可知。句子表示“成立了一个委员会以限制对旧建筑的破坏”，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to limit。 26． (strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media. 【答案】To strengthen 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括多项在社交媒体上进行的公众推广活动。空处在句中作目的状语，应用不定式形式，to位于句首首字母大写。故填To strengthen。 27． (access) the online library, make sure your device is connected to a stable network. 【答案】To access 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：要访问在线图书馆，请确保您的设备连接到稳定的网络。此处access作目的状语，用不定式，首字母大写。故填To access。 28． (defeat) their opponents in the upcoming match, the team trained day and night. 【答案】To defeat 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了在即将到来的比赛中击败对手，队员们夜以继日地训练。空格处作目的状语，应用不定式，首字母大写。故填To defeat。 29．They went to the store to buy the new phone, only (inform) that it was sold out. 【答案】to be informed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们去商店买新手机，结果却被告知已售罄。此处需要使用非谓语动词不定式，构成固定搭配only to do，表示出乎意料或令人失望的结果。主语They与inform之间是被动关系，因此需要使用被动形式。故填to be informed。 30．From my point of view, Jane was too young (proceed) with the next job. 【答案】to proceed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我看来，简太年轻了，不能从事下一份工作。根据句意和空格前的too young可知，此处考查“too...to...(太……以至于不能……)”结构，所以，空格处应该用不定式作结果状语。故填to proceed。 31．The stadium is large enough (contain) 100 thousand audience. 【答案】to contain 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个体育场大得足以容纳10万名观众。“形容词/副词+enough to do sth.”是固定结构，表示“足够……去做某事”，应用contain“容纳，包含”的不定式形式，作结果状语。故填to contain。 32．Your argument is too weak (persuade) me. 【答案】to persuade 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你的论点太弱，说服不了我。此处是固定搭配：too...to...意为“太……以至于不能……”。故填to persuade。 33．She had meant to sit back and take a nap, only (inspire) by the powerful speech. 【答案】to be inspired 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她本想坐下来睡个午觉，不料却被这篇有力的演讲所鼓舞。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，此处表示出乎意料的结果，需用动词不定式，she和inspire为逻辑动宾关系，需要不定式的被动语态。故填to be inspired。 34．The evidence is not detailed enough (sustain) his argument. 【答案】to sustain 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：证据不够详尽，不足以支持他的论点。此处为固定结构be+adj.+enough+ to do，空处需填动词不定式to sustain作结果状语。故填to sustain。 35．Festival-goers are keen (try) traditional foods from different cultures. 【答案】to try 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：参加节日的人热衷于尝试不同文化的传统食物。此处位于形容词后用动词不定式作状语。故填to try。 36．We will be pleased (answer) any questions you may have. 【答案】to answer 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们很高兴能回答任何你们提出的问题。此处是“be+形容词+动词不定式”结构，be pleased to do sth“很高兴做某事”，故填to answer。 37．After John was back on his feet, he was anxious (return) to school as soon as possible. 【答案】to return 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：约翰重新站起来后，渴望尽快回学校。be anxious to do sth.意为“渴望做某事”。故填to return。 38．Do not feel ashamed (miss) my wedding. 【答案】to miss 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不要因为错过我的婚礼而羞愧。be/feel ashamed to do sth.“因做某事而（感到）羞愧”是固定搭配，动词不定式作原因状语。故填to miss。 39．I am ashamed (show) off my incompetence in the presence of an expert like you. 【答案】to show 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在你这样的专家面前，我不好意思卖弄我的无能。根据“am ashamed”和“off my incompetence”可推知，此处用短语be ashamed to do表示“因怕难堪（或丢脸）而不愿意做某事”，空处应用不定式。故填to show。 40．He is a bright boy with rich knowledge, since he is always curious (discover) the unknown.（用所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】to discover 【详解】考查不定式。句意：他是一个聪明的孩子，有着丰富的知识，因为他总是对发现未知的东西感到好奇。形容词后不定式作原因状语，故填to discover。 二、完成句子 41．They were very happy . 收到它们他们很高兴。 【答案】to receive them 【详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，空白处在句中作状语，表示原因，根据汉语提示，“收到它们”对应的英语表达是“receive them”，“做某事很高兴”常见的英语表达是“be happy to do sth”，所以此处应填to receive them。故填to receive them。 42．I’m so sorry (hear) about your failure on business. 听说你生意失败，我很难过。 【答案】to hear 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据中英文提示，be sorry to do意思为：很难过，抱歉做某事，空处缺少不定式作状语。故填to hear。 43．我们应该足够勇敢来接受新的挑战，选择我们自己的道路。 We should be brave enough to new challenges and choose our own path. 【答案】 take on 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“承担，接受(尤指艰巨工作或重大责任)”应用动词短语take on，动词原形和to构成不定式。故空1填take；空2填on。 44．People set off fireworks during the Spring Festival the bad luck of the past year. 人们在春节放烟花以摆脱过去一年的坏运气。 【答案】 to get rid of 【详解】考查动词不定式。表示“摆脱”短语为get rid of，作目的状语用动词不定式。故填to get rid of 。 45．You will also have the chance . 你也将有机会设计和发射一个模型火箭。 【答案】to design and launch a model rocket 【详解】考查非谓语动词和短语。表示“设计”用动词design；表示“发射”用动词launch；表示“一个模型火箭”为a model rocket，动词为并列关系，由连词and连接；chance后常跟动词不定式，作后置定语。故填to design and launch a model rocket。 46．This vast dish also has the ability , right at the edge of the visible universe. 这个巨盘还能探索数十亿光年之外的太空领域，那里是看得到的宇宙的边界。 【答案】to explore regions of space billions of light years away 【详解】考查非谓语动词和短语。表示“有……的能力”用have the ability to do sth.，不定式作后置定语；表示“探索数十亿光年之外的太空领域”用explore regions of space billions of light years away。故填to explore regions of space billions of light years away。 47．As a physician during the Han Dynasty, Hua Tuo is often credited with being . 作为汉代的一名医生，华佗经常被认为是中国第一个在手术中使用麻醉的人。 【答案】the first in China to use anesthesia during surgery 【详解】考查动词不定式做定语、名词和介词短语。根据英汉对比可知，空处应填“中国第一个在手术中使用麻醉的人”；表示“中国第一个做某事的人”可以翻译为the first in China to do sth.，动词不定式是后置定语；表示“在手术中使用麻醉”可以翻译为use anesthesia during surgery。故填the first in China to use anesthesia during surgery。 48． is to learn by experience. 学习的最佳办法就是从经验中学习。 【答案】The best way to learn 【详解】考查名词和不定式。“最好的方法”译为the best way，“学习”译为learn，名词由形容词最高级修饰时，常用动词不定式，作后置定语。句首单词，首字母大写。故填The best way to learn。 49．与你的同学们经常对照笔记是提高学习的一种有效方法。 Comparing notes with your classmates frequently is a good way . 【答案】to improve your study 【详解】考查非谓语动词。“提高你的学习”表达为improve your study，a way to do sth.“做某事的方法”，所以应用不定式形式，作后置定语，修饰way。故填to improve your study。 50．我们早早起床，以便能准时到那儿。(一句多译) （1）We got up early we could get there on time. （2）We got up early on time. （3）We got up early on time. 【答案】 so that/in order that to get there in order to/so as to get there 【详解】考查状语从句和固定短语。第一空后是句子，故“以便”使用so that/in order that引导目的状语从句；也可使用动词不定式作目的状语；或者使用in order to/so as to“为了”，后接动词短语get there。故填①so that/in order that②to get there③in order to/so as to get there。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $