Unit 1 Looking forwards 重点单词变形，语法，短语，句型练习-2025-2026学年外研版高二英语选择性必修第四册

**基本信息** 聚焦词汇语法双维度系统训练，通过词性转换、语境应用及语篇填空构建"基础-应用-综合"三阶能力提升路径。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单词变形|14组|词性转换链式训练|从核心名词拓展至形容词/动词/副词，构建词形变化网络| |语法填空|20题|语境化语法应用|覆盖时态、非谓语、词性转换等，强化语法规则在语境中的灵活运用| |单词拼写|10题|语义驱动型词汇考查|结合语境提示考查核心词汇拼写，注重词汇应用场景记忆| |完成句子|10题|中英互译与语法结构|融合固定搭配、时态及复杂句式，提升语言表达准确性| |语篇填空|2篇|语篇层面综合应用|考查上下文逻辑、词汇辨析及语法连贯，培养语篇理解与表达能力|

Unit 1 Looking forwards 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 单词变形 1．ambition n．雄心；野心→ adj.有雄心的；有野心的 2．trainee n．接受工作培训的人；实习生→ n．运动鞋；教练员 → v．培训；训练→ n．培训 3．historical adj.(有关)历史的→ n．历史→ adj.历史上著名(或重要)的 4．detective n．私家侦探→ v．发现；查明 5．dot n．点，小圆点→ adj.有斑点的；星罗棋布的 6．admission n．录取；允许加入(进入)→ v．承认；准许进入 7．participation n．参加，参与→ v．参加→ n．参与者 8．thoughtful adj.认真思考的，深思的→ n．思想；想法 9．mixture n．混合；混合体→ v．混合 10．affection n．喜爱；爱；感情→ v．影响；侵袭 11．qualification n．资格；资历→ vt.使有资格→ adj.有资格的 12．fluency n．熟练，流利→ adj.流利的 13．sincerely adv.由衷地，真诚地，真心实意地→ adj.真诚的 14．refreshments n．茶点，点心和饮料→ v．使恢复精力；使凉爽 一、单句语法填空 1．So curious was the (detect) about the man wearing sunglasses that he decided to follow him. 2． (trainee) should go through a four-hour lesson before they are let loose on the controls. 3．It’s easier for the (ambition) students to succeed in their studies than those with little ambition. 4．Her face showed a (mix) of fear and excitement when she heard the news. 5．He finally gained (admit) to his dream school after years of hard work. 6．By the time the rescue team arrived, the missing hikers (endure) the harsh conditions for over 48 hours. 7． Zhang Zhuo, the drama’s chief producer, says the team have conducted in-depth research into the customs and lifestyles of the dynasty to ensure that every detail — from the actors’ makeup to architectural designs — matches (history) records. 8．She (suffer) defeat before, so she was confident and positive when she was faced with the big challenge of losing two important players. 9．Naadam powerfully represents Mongolian heritage and spirit, drawing widespread (participate) and appreciation. 10．By the time Yuan Longping won the Medal of the Republic in 2019, he (devote) decades to hybrid rice research. 11．The use of light and dark (symbol) good and evil. 12．The scientist (do) research on AI since last year, and the project will be completed next month. 13．The company has been (expand) its customer base using trade magazine advertising. 14．In York County we had a short stop for (refresh) and then continued our trip. 15．Whenever the critic writes a review, it is insightful and (thought). 16．George was (sincere) anxious that his son could find happiness and security. 17．David is one of those people who have trouble making up (they) minds. 18．In order to better adapt ourselves to new (circumstance), we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills. 19．What she has just said isn’t in (correspondent) with the views of the majority. 20． (ultimate), though, you have to make your own judgments. 二、单词拼写 21．Humor, if used properly, will help us break the ice and gain ________ (喜爱) of others in social communication. 22．These communities are now turning to recycling as a cheaper ________ (可供选择的事物) to landfills. 23．To work as a translator, you need ________ (流利) in at least one foreign language. 24．Provided that he is enthusiastic and ________ (胜任的) for the job, I see no reason to remove him from office. 25．In the short film, you can learn that my school has been ________ (奋斗) for a better future. 26．He has been ________ (写博客) about her travels and experiences around the world. 27．Each company is fighting to protect its own______(商业的) interests. 28．The Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger” has been ________ (激励) athletes all the time. 29．Police asked passers-by if they had ___________(目击) the accident. 30．By 1909, Picasso had ______ (建立、确立) himself as a painter of great talent in Paris. 三、完成句子 31．我一直专注于控制聚会，以至于在这段困难时期，我没有考虑到托比对我弟弟有多重要。 _____________________________ that I failed to consider how important Toby was to my brother during this difficult time. 32．不知道如何解决这个问题，因此，我别无选择只能向你求助。 I didn’t know how to deal with the problem, so I had ________________. 33．________ ________ ________ ________ a wonderful feeling. 得知我们赢了，感觉真好。 34．校园生活趣味十足。我过去常常去旁听许多自己根本没报名的课。 School life was interesting. I used to sit in on lots of classes I hadn’t even ________ ________ ________. 35．屠呦呦是一位尽责的科学家，做出了无数贡献 Tu Youyou is a c________ scientist, who made n________ contributions. 36．I _________ _________ _________ the fridge all the morning. 我一上午都在修理电冰箱。 37．_________, he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter. 高中毕业后，他进入堪萨斯当地的一家报社做实习记者。 38．As many of us already know, __________________ is no guarantee that they will become reality. 正如我们许多人都知道的那样，对未来有计划并不能保证它们都会成为现实。 39．一旦他下定决心去做某事，没有什么能够改变它。 Once he __________ __________ ____________ ____________ to do something, nothing can change it. 40．到了20世纪20年代，他已成为一名探险家，致力于寻找古埃及国王的陵墓。 __________ the 1920s, he __________ __________ an explorer, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings. 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the not-too-distant future, we will be living in smart homes 41 will remember to switch off the TV when we forget. These smart homes will use 42 (integrate) sensors to help save energy. Your home will also learn your daily routine and 43 (prefer), so your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favorite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already 44 (prepare). Your smart home will be monitoring your health for you every day. If you start to have sleep or weight problems, it 45 (send) a warning to your phone. Smart toilets will be keeping track of your health, 46 (warn) you early on if there is something 47 (normal) or if you have a critical illness. Smart homes will be able to prevent serious damage from accidents. If a water pipe starts leaking, your smart home will detect it and provide you 48 the relevant information. This smart technology is not 49 fantasy. Nevertheless, it will take some years 50 most new homes begin to use this new technology. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My neighbor, Claire, is a friendly lady, likely in her late 70s. We often chat and I am glad to offer her a 51 (help) hand, such as carrying her groceries upstairs. One day she asked me if China is still like what it was in the old comic The Adventures of Tintin, 52 describes China in the 1930s. Of course not. China is changing so fast that I myself have found 53 hard to keep updated. Take Yinchuan for example: a city in Ningxia once 54 (consider) “remote” now feels more modern than many European cities. A Belgian potato expert I interviewed 55 (visit) China dozens of times in the past three decades and has 56 balanced understanding of the country. He has taken many of his students to China, some of whom have said the trips 57 (complete) changed their view of the Asian nation, unlike what they heard in the Western media. Fortunately, more Europeans can take advantage of 58 (China) visa-free policy to discover the country and to see for themselves both the good and bad things there. The good news is that reservations for travel to China are 59 the rise lately in several European countries. Seeing is believing. 60 (understand) today’s China, one must look beyond old comics and broken news. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Looking forwards 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 单词变形 1．ambition n．雄心；野心→ambitious adj.有雄心的；有野心的 2．trainee n．接受工作培训的人；实习生→trainer n．运动鞋；教练员→train v．培训；训练→training n．培训 3．historical adj.(有关)历史的→history n．历史→historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的 4．detective n．私家侦探→detect v．发现；查明 5．dot n．点，小圆点→dotted adj.有斑点的；星罗棋布的 6．admission n．录取；允许加入(进入)→admit v．承认；准许进入 7．participation n．参加，参与→participate v．参加→participant n．参与者 8．thoughtful adj.认真思考的，深思的→thought n．思想；想法 9．mixture n．混合；混合体→mix v．混合 10．affection n．喜爱；爱；感情→affect v．影响；侵袭 11．qualification n．资格；资历→qualify vt.使有资格→qualified adj.有资格的 12．fluency n．熟练，流利→fluent adj.流利的 13．sincerely adv.由衷地，真诚地，真心实意地→sincere adj.真诚的 14．refreshments n．茶点，点心和饮料→refresh v．使恢复精力；使凉爽 一、单句语法填空 1．So curious was the (detect) about the man wearing sunglasses that he decided to follow him. 【答案】detective 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位侦探对那个戴墨镜的男子如此好奇，以至于决定跟踪他。根据定冠词the及主谓一致可知，此处是倒装句，横线处需要填一个名词作主语。动词detect对应的表示人的名词是detective，意为“侦探”，此处特指这一个侦探，为单数意义。故填detective。 2． (trainee) should go through a four-hour lesson before they are let loose on the controls. 【答案】Trainees 【详解】考查名词。 句意：受训人员在独立操作之前必须上完一节四小时的课程。后面代词为they，此处应用复数形式，作主语。句首单词首字母大写，故填Trainees。 3．It’s easier for the (ambition) students to succeed in their studies than those with little ambition. 【答案】ambitious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：有抱负的学生比没什么志向的学生更容易在学业上取得成功。分析句子可知，修饰名词students要用形容词，ambition的形容词是 ambitious，意为“有雄心的、有抱负的”。故填ambitious。 4．Her face showed a (mix) of fear and excitement when she heard the news. 【答案】mixture 【详解】考查名词。句意：当她听到这个消息时，她的脸上露出混合着恐惧与兴奋的神情。根据空前的不定冠词a可知，空处应填名词，mix的名词形式mixture，意为“混合；混合物”。故填mixture。 5．He finally gained (admit) to his dream school after years of hard work. 【答案】admission 【详解】考查名词。句意：经过多年的努力，他终于被梦想中的学校录取了。提示词作宾语，用名词形式admission，意为“录取”，不可数名词；gain admission to...“获准进入……；被录取”。故填admission。 6．By the time the rescue team arrived, the missing hikers (endure) the harsh conditions for over 48 hours. 【答案】had endured/had been enduring 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当救援队到达时，失踪的徒步者已经在恶劣条件下坚持了48个多小时。“by the time + 一般过去时”的结构表示“到过去某个时间为止”，主句动作发生在“救援队到达”之前，即“过去的过去”，用过去完成时（had endured）；若强调动作在过去某一时间之前一直持续，则可用过去完成进行时（had been enduring），两者均符合语境，故填had endured/had been enduring。 7． Zhang Zhuo, the drama’s chief producer, says the team have conducted in-depth research into the customs and lifestyles of the dynasty to ensure that every detail — from the actors’ makeup to architectural designs — matches (history) records. 【答案】historical 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这部剧的总制片人张卓表示，团队对那个朝代的风俗习惯和生活方式进行了深入研究，以确保从演员的妆容到建筑设计等每一个细节都与历史记载相符。此处修饰名词records，需用形容词historical。故填historical。 8．She (suffer) defeat before, so she was confident and positive when she was faced with the big challenge of losing two important players. 【答案】had suffered 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她以前经历过失败，所以当面临失去两名重要球员的巨大挑战时，她自信且积极。根据“before”以及“was confident and positive”可知，她“遭受失败”这一动作发生在“她自信且积极”之前，也就是发生在过去的过去，因此需要用过去完成时。过去完成时的结构是“had + 过去分词”。故填had suffered。 9．Naadam powerfully represents Mongolian heritage and spirit, drawing widespread (participate) and appreciation. 【答案】participation 【详解】考查名词。句意：那达慕有力地代表了蒙古的遗产和精神，得到了广泛的参与和欣赏。空处单词与and后面的名词appreciation构成并列关系，共同作动词drawing的宾语，应用名词participation“参与”。故填participation。 10．By the time Yuan Longping won the Medal of the Republic in 2019, he (devote) decades to hybrid rice research. 【答案】had devoted 【详解】考查时态。句意：到2019年袁隆平获得共和国勋章时，他已经致力于杂交水稻研究数十年。根据时间状语By the time Yuan Longping won the Medal of the Republic in 2019可知，主句需用过去完成时态，表示过去的过去发生的事情。故填had devoted。 11．The use of light and dark (symbol) good and evil. 【答案】symbolizes 【详解】考查动词。句意：光明与黑暗的运用象征着善与恶。空处作句子谓语，提示词的动词形式symbolize“象征”符合题意，句子陈述一般性事实，用一般现在时，主语不可数，谓语用单数形式。故填symbolizes。 12．The scientist (do) research on AI since last year, and the project will be completed next month. 【答案】has been doing 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这位科学家从去年开始就一直在做人工智能方面的研究，这个项目将于下个月完成。时间状语since last year是完成时态的标志，结合后半句“项目下个月完成”可知，研究动作从过去开始持续到现在，且可能还会继续下去，要用现在完成进行时，其结构为“have/has been+现在分词”，主语the scientist为第三人称单数，助动词用has，do的现在分词为doing。故填has been doing。 13．The company has been (expand) its customer base using trade magazine advertising. 【答案】expanding 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：该公司一直通过贸易杂志广告来扩大客户群。强调动作expand“扩大，扩展”从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，时态用现在完成进行时，本空用expand的现在分词形式expanding，与空前的has been构成现在完成进行时。故填expanding。 14．In York County we had a short stop for (refresh) and then continued our trip. 【答案】refreshments 【详解】考查名词。句意：在约克县，我们稍作停留补充了些食物饮品，然后继续前行。作介词的宾语，用名词refreshment，此处数量大于一用复数形式。故填refreshments。 15．Whenever the critic writes a review, it is insightful and (thought). 【答案】thoughtful 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位评论家每次写评论都见解深刻且深思熟虑。此处与并列连词“and”前的形容词“insightful(见解深刻的)”构成并列结构，需用形容词作表语；thought作名词表“想法”，其对应的形容词为thoughtful，意为“深思熟虑的；体贴的”，符合语境。故填thoughtful。 16．George was (sincere) anxious that his son could find happiness and security. 【答案】sincerely 【详解】考查副词。句意：乔治由衷地渴望他的儿子能找到幸福与安稳。此处需用副词修饰形容词“anxious(渴望的)”；sincere是形容词，意为“真诚的”，其对应的副词形式为“sincerely(由衷地，真诚地)”。故填sincerely。 17．David is one of those people who have trouble making up (they) minds. 【答案】their 【详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：大卫是那种难以做出决定的人。此处作定语，修饰minds，应用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”，故填their。 18．In order to better adapt ourselves to new (circumstance), we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills. 【答案】circumstances 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：为了更好地适应新的环境，我们必须准备好并乐于学习新技能。circumstance表示“环境；情况”时，常用复数形式circumstances，此处指各类新的处境，作宾语。故填circumstances。 19．What she has just said isn’t in (correspondent) with the views of the majority. 【答案】correspondence 【详解】考查名词。句意：她刚才说的话与大多数人的观点不一致。此处在句中作宾语，故应用名词“correspondence一致，相符”，in correspondence with意为“与……一致/相符”故填correspondence。 20． (ultimate), though, you have to make your own judgments. 【答案】Ultimately 【详解】考查副词。句意：不过，最终你必须自己做出判断。本空修饰整个句子，作状语，应用副词ultimately，意为“最终，最后”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Ultimately。 二、单词拼写 21．Humor, if used properly, will help us break the ice and gain ________ (喜爱) of others in social communication. 【答案】affection 【详解】考查名词。句意：在社交中，如果运用得当，幽默将帮助我们打破僵局，获得他人的喜爱。根据汉语提示，“喜爱”对应的名词是affection，作gain的宾语。故填affection。 22．These communities are now turning to recycling as a cheaper ________ (可供选择的事物) to landfills. 【答案】alternative 【详解】考查名词。句意：这些社区现在正转向回收利用，将其作为比垃圾填埋场更便宜的选择。根据汉语提示可知，表示“可供选择的事物”为名词alternative，作介词as的宾语，由空前a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填alternative。 23．To work as a translator, you need ________ (流利) in at least one foreign language. 【答案】fluency 【详解】考查名词。句意：要做一名翻译，你需要至少流利掌握一门外语。根据汉语提示“流利”可知，此处用名词fluency作宾语，且为不可数名词。故填fluency。 24．Provided that he is enthusiastic and ________ (胜任的) for the job, I see no reason to remove him from office. 【答案】qualified 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果他对这份工作充满热情且能胜任，我认为没有理由将他免职。根据汉语提示“胜任的”为qualified，作表语，构成短语be qualified for“胜任”。故填qualified。 25．In the short film, you can learn that my school has been ________ (奋斗) for a better future. 【答案】struggling 【详解】考查动词。句意：在这部短片中，你可以了解到我的学校一直在为创造更美好的未来而努力奋斗。根据汉语提示可知用动词struggle，结合上文has been可知为现在完成进行时。故填struggling。 26．He has been ________ (写博客) about her travels and experiences around the world. 【答案】blogging 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：他一直在写博客，记录她在世界各地的旅行和经历。根据汉语提示“写博客”，以及上文has been可知，此处应填动词的现在分词形式，构成现在完成进行时has been doing，“写博客”的动词形式为blog，其现在分词是blogging，故填blogging。 27．Each company is fighting to protect its own______(商业的) interests. 【答案】commercial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：每家公司都在努力保护自己的商业利益。根据汉语提示可知用形容词commercial，修饰名词interests。故填commercial。 28．The Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger” has been ________ (激励) athletes all the time. 【答案】inspiring/motivating 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：奥林匹克格言“更快、更高、更强”一直激励着运动员们。“激励”作谓语，用动词inspire/motivate，结合句意和助动词has been可知，应用现在分词构成现在完成进行时态has been inspiring/motivating，强调动作从过去持续到现在，并将一直进行下去。故填inspiring/motivating。 29．Police asked passers-by if they had ___________(目击) the accident. 【答案】witnessed 【详解】考查动词。句意：警方询问过路人是否目击了这起事故。根据汉语提示可知，应用动词witness，结合had可知为过去完成时。故填witnessed。 30．By 1909, Picasso had ______ (建立、确立) himself as a painter of great talent in Paris. 【答案】established 【详解】考查动词。句意：到1909年，毕加索已成为巴黎一位才华横溢的画家。根据句意及汉语提示可知，空处应填动词established“建立、确立”，由时间状语By 1909和had可知，句子应为过去完成时，空处应填动词的过去分词形式。故填established。 三、完成句子 31．我一直专注于控制聚会，以至于在这段困难时期，我没有考虑到托比对我弟弟有多重要。 _____________________________ that I failed to consider how important Toby was to my brother during this difficult time. 【答案】I had been so focused on keeping the party under control 【详解】考查状语从句、时态、形容词和动词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“我一直专注于控制聚会”，根据后文“以至于”可知，空处为“so...that...”引导的结果状语从句的主句，“一直专注于”用固定短语be focused on，程度副词so应修饰形容词focused；主句“专注”的动作在从句“failed”之前就已经持续，且对后者产生了影响，因此主句应用过去完成时 (had done)，“我一直专注于”应用I had been so focused on；“控制”用固定短语keep...under control，作介词on的宾语，因此keep应用动名词形式keeping；“聚会”用the party，作keeping的宾语。故填I had been so focused on keeping the party under control。 32．不知道如何解决这个问题，因此，我别无选择只能向你求助。 I didn’t know how to deal with the problem, so I had ________________. 【答案】no alternative but to turn to you for help 【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“别无选择只能”短语为have no alternative but to do sth.；句意表示“向某人求助”短语为turn to sb. for help。故填no alternative but to turn to you for help。 33．________ ________ ________ ________ a wonderful feeling. 得知我们赢了，感觉真好。 【答案】 Knowing we’d won was 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“得知”用动词know，此处作主语，用动名词形式；know后跟省略关系词的宾语从句，主语为we；表示“赢了”用动词win，此处表示过去的过去用过去完成时；主句动作发生在过去用一般过去时。首字母大写。故填①Knowing；②we’d；③won；④was。 34．校园生活趣味十足。我过去常常去旁听许多自己根本没报名的课。 School life was interesting. I used to sit in on lots of classes I hadn’t even ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 signed up for. 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“报名”用固定短语sign up for，本空用过去分词形式，与空前的hadn’t构成过去完成时，强调“报名”这一动作发生在used to sit之前完成。故填①signed；②up；③for。 35．屠呦呦是一位尽责的科学家，做出了无数贡献 Tu Youyou is a c________ scientist, who made n________ contributions. 【答案】 conscientious numerous 【详解】考查形容词。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“尽责的”应用conscientious，为形容词，在本句中作定语修饰后面名词scientist；表示“无数”应用numerous，为形容词，在本句中作定语，修饰后面名词contributions，符合语境。故填conscientious；numerous。 36．I _________ _________ _________ the fridge all the morning. 我一上午都在修理电冰箱。 【答案】 have been fixing 【详解】考查时态。空格处意为“一直在修理”，表示“修理”用fix，由all the morning可知，表示动作从过去持续到现在且可能还会继续下去，句子时态用现在完成进行时，主语是I，助动词用have，谓语用have been fixing。故填have been fixing。 37．_________, he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter. 高中毕业后，他进入堪萨斯当地的一家报社做实习记者。 【答案】On leaving high school 【详解】考查介词短语。表示“高中毕业后”即“一毕业”用on doing sth.结构，表示“离开高中”用leave high school。动名词作宾语。故填On leaving high school。 38．As many of us already know, __________________ is no guarantee that they will become reality. 正如我们许多人都知道的那样，对未来有计划并不能保证它们都会成为现实。 【答案】having plans in place for the future 【详解】考查非谓语动词。“对未来有计划”译为动词短语have plans in place for future，空处作主语，表示一般性、经常性的动作，使用动名词形式，故填having plans in place for the future。 39．一旦他下定决心去做某事，没有什么能够改变它。 Once he __________ __________ ____________ ____________ to do something, nothing can change it. 【答案】 makes up his mind 【详解】固定短语：make up one’s mind 下定决心，根据句意可知用一般现在时态，故答案为makes      up  his   mind 。 40．到了20世纪20年代，他已成为一名探险家，致力于寻找古埃及国王的陵墓。 __________ the 1920s, he __________ __________ an explorer, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings. 【答案】 By had become 【详解】根据语境到了20世纪20年代要用by the 1920s，句子要用过去完成时had become。 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the not-too-distant future, we will be living in smart homes 41 will remember to switch off the TV when we forget. These smart homes will use 42 (integrate) sensors to help save energy. Your home will also learn your daily routine and 43 (prefer), so your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favorite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already 44 (prepare). Your smart home will be monitoring your health for you every day. If you start to have sleep or weight problems, it 45 (send) a warning to your phone. Smart toilets will be keeping track of your health, 46 (warn) you early on if there is something 47 (normal) or if you have a critical illness. Smart homes will be able to prevent serious damage from accidents. If a water pipe starts leaking, your smart home will detect it and provide you 48 the relevant information. This smart technology is not 49 fantasy. Nevertheless, it will take some years 50 most new homes begin to use this new technology. 【答案】 41．that/which 42．integrated 43．preferences 44．prepared 45．will send 46．warning 47．abnormal 48．with 49．a 50．before 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了未来智能家居的诸多功能，包括节约能源、了解居住者日常习惯、监测健康、预防事故损害等，还提及了这项智能技术并非幻想，但大多数新住宅开始使用还需数年时间。 41．考查定语从句。句意：在不久的将来，我们将居住在智能家居里，当我们忘记关电视时，这些智能家居会记得关掉电视。先行词是smart homes，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导定语从句。故填which/that。 42．考查形容词。句意：这些智能家居将使用集成传感器来帮助节约能源。sensors是名词，前面需要用形容词修饰，integrate的形容词形式是integrated，意为“集成的；综合的”。故填integrated。 43．考查名词。句意：你的家也会了解你的日常作息和偏好，所以你一进门，灯就会亮起来，同时响起你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目，而且你会发现晚餐已经准备好了。and连接并列成分，前面daily routine是名词短语，所以此处也应用名词，prefer的名词形式是preference，且常用复数形式preferences表示“偏好；喜好”。故填preferences。 44．考查非谓语动词。句意：你的家也会了解你的日常作息和偏好，所以你一进门，灯就会亮起来，同时响起你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目，而且你会发现晚餐已经准备好了。dinner和prepare之间是被动关系，即晚餐被准备，用过去分词prepared作宾语补足语，“find + 宾语 + 过去分词”表示“发现……被…”。故填prepared。 45．考查动词时态。句意：如果你开始有睡眠或体重问题，它会向你的手机发送警告。在if引导的条件状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。故填will send。 46．考查非谓语动词。句意：智能马桶会跟踪你的健康状况，如果有什么异常情况或者你患有重大疾病，会提前警告你。此处为非谓语，主语Smart toilets和动词warn之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。故填warning。 47．考查形容词。句意：智能马桶会跟踪你的健康状况，如果有什么异常情况或者你患有重大疾病，会提前警告你。根据语境，此处表示“异常的”，形容词normal的反义词是abnormal，作后置定语，修饰something。故填abnormal。 48．考查介词。句意：如果水管开始漏水，你的智能家居会检测到并向你提供相关信息。provide sb. with sth.是固定搭配，意为“向某人提供某物”。故填with。 49．考查冠词。句意：这项智能技术不是一个幻想。fantasy是可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个幻想”，且fantasy是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。 50．考查连词。句意：然而，大多数新住宅开始使用这项新技术还需要几年时间。It will take some time before...是固定句型，意为“要过……时间才……”。故填before。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My neighbor, Claire, is a friendly lady, likely in her late 70s. We often chat and I am glad to offer her a 51 (help) hand, such as carrying her groceries upstairs. One day she asked me if China is still like what it was in the old comic The Adventures of Tintin, 52 describes China in the 1930s. Of course not. China is changing so fast that I myself have found 53 hard to keep updated. Take Yinchuan for example: a city in Ningxia once 54 (consider) “remote” now feels more modern than many European cities. A Belgian potato expert I interviewed 55 (visit) China dozens of times in the past three decades and has 56 balanced understanding of the country. He has taken many of his students to China, some of whom have said the trips 57 (complete) changed their view of the Asian nation, unlike what they heard in the Western media. Fortunately, more Europeans can take advantage of 58 (China) visa-free policy to discover the country and to see for themselves both the good and bad things there. The good news is that reservations for travel to China are 59 the rise lately in several European countries. Seeing is believing. 60 (understand) today’s China, one must look beyond old comics and broken news. 【答案】 51．helping 52．which 53．it 54．considered 55．has visited 56．a 57．completely 58．China’s 59．on 60．To understand 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是中国近年来的快速发展与巨大变化，以及这种变化如何改变了外界（尤其是欧洲人）对中国的传统认知。 51．考查形容词。句意：我们经常聊天，我很乐意伸出援手帮她一把，比如帮她把食品杂货拎上楼。空处修饰名词hand，应用形容词helping“给予帮助（或支持）的，辅助的”作定语，a helping hand表示“帮助之手，援手”，故填helping。 52．考查定语从句。句意：有一天，她问我现在的中国是否还像老版漫画《丁丁历险记》里描绘的那样，那部漫画描绘的是20世纪30年代的中国。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词The Adventures of Tintin是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。 53．考查代词。句意：中国变化如此之快，连我自己都觉得很难跟上它的步伐。find it + adj. + to do sth.是固定短语，意为“觉得做某事……”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式，故填it。 54．考查非谓语动词。句意：以银川为例：这座宁夏的城市，曾经被认为“偏远”，如今却比许多欧洲城市更具现代感。句中谓语是feels，空格处用非谓语动词，city和consider之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词considered作后置定语，修饰名词city，故填considered。 55．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我采访过的一位比利时马铃薯专家，在过去三十年里访问中国数十次，对这个国家有着全面客观的了解。根据in the past three decades可知，此处用现在完成时，强调动作的结果，主语A Belgian potato expert是单数，助动词用has。故填has visited。 56．考查冠词。句意：我采访过的一位比利时马铃薯专家，在过去三十年里访问中国数十次，对这个国家有着全面客观的了解。have a balanced understanding of是固定短语，意为“对……有全面的理解”，balanced以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，故填a。 57．考查副词。句意：他带了许多学生来中国，其中一些学生表示，这次旅行完全改变了他们对这个亚洲国家的看法，与他们在西方媒体上听到的截然不同。空处修饰动词changed，应用副词completely“完全”，作状语，故填completely。 58．考查名词所有格。句意：幸运的是，越来越多的欧洲人可以利用中国的免签政策来了解这个国家，亲眼看看那里好的和不好的一面。China和visa-free policy之间是所属关系，因此空格处用名词所有格China’s。故填China’s。 59．考查介词。句意：好消息是，最近几个欧洲国家赴华旅游预订量呈上升趋势。on the rise是固定短语，意为“正在上升”，因此空格处用介词on，故填on。 60．考查非谓语动词。句意：要了解今天的中国，人们必须超越老旧的漫画和不实的新闻。根据语境可知，此处表示“为了要了解今天的中国”，空格处用不定式表目的，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填To understand。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $