Unit 5 Water is life 语法Grammar 谈论数量-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（沪教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦初中英语“谈论数量”核心用法，通过分层题型构建“概念辨析-应用转换-语篇实践”的递进训练体系，提升语言理解与表达能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|20题|考查数量词（few/a few, little/a little等）在语境中的辨析与选择|从基础数量词（修饰可数/不可数名词）到限定词（many/much, enough），形成概念层级| |完成句子|10题|涉及数量表达的同义转换（如a little→some）、汉译英及疑问句构建|连接概念与句式应用，强化语言表达的准确性| |短文填空|10题|结合“雨水”节气语篇，考查数量词在真实语境中的运用（如描述降雨量）|实现从孤立知识点到语篇综合运用的迁移，体现语言能力的实际应用价值|

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 5 Water is life 谈论数量 （时间：40分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．—You have ________ time left to review your lessons before the exam, so start now! —Don’t worry about that. I still have ________ days left for it. A．little; few B．little; a few C．a little; a few 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——考试前你剩下的复习时间不多了，所以现在就开始吧！——别担心。我还有几天时间可以用来复习。   little很少（修饰不可数名词，表否定）；few很少（修饰可数名词复数，表否定）；a few一些（修饰可数名词复数，表肯定）。第一个空修饰不可数名词“time”，表示时间不多，应用little；第二个空修饰可数名词“days”，表示还有一些日子，应用a few。 2．________ tourists go to Fuzhou, our hometown every year. A．Five millions B．Five million of C．Millions of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每年有数百万游客去我们的家乡福州。 当million前面有具体数字修饰时，million不用复数形式，后面也不加of；当表示不确定的数目时，million用复数形式，后面加of。此处表示概数，A、B项形式错误。故选C。 3．He is a man of ________ words and he seldom goes out with his friends, either. A．little B．a few C．few 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他是一个寡言少语的人，也很少和朋友出去。 little少的（修饰不可数名词）；a few一些（修饰可数名词，肯定意义）；few很少（修饰可数名词，否定意义）。“words”为可数名词复数，表示“话少”，用few表示否定意义。 4．I don’t have ________ money to buy this new phone. A．many B．much C．a few D．enough 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我没有足够的钱买这部新手机。 many许多（修饰可数名词复数）；much许多（修饰不可数名词）；a few一些（修饰可数名词复数）；enough足够的。根据“to buy this new phone”可知，缺乏的是足够的钱；money为不可数名词，且表示“足够的钱”应用enough。 5．—How ________ water did the bottle hold originally? —It could hold 500ml, but now there is only ________ left, not ________ for us to drink. A．much; a little; enough B．many; a few; much C．much; few; enough D．many; a little; many 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这个瓶子原来装了多少水？——它能装500毫升，但现在只剩下一点了，不够我们喝。 much许多（修饰不可数名词）；many许多（修饰可数名词复数）；a little一点（修饰不可数名词）；a few几个（修饰可数名词复数）；few几乎没有（修饰可数名词复数）；enough足够的。第一空water为不可数名词，用much；第二空表示“只剩下一点水”，water为不可数名词，用a little；第三空表示“不够我们喝”，用enough。应填much; a little; enough。 6．We only have ________ meat left. Let’s go to the supermarket to buy some. A．a little B．a few C．many D．enough 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们只剩下一点肉了。我们去超市买一些吧。 a little一点（修饰不可数名词，表示肯定意义）；a few一些（修饰可数名词复数）；many许多（修饰可数名词复数）；enough足够。根据“Let’s go to the supermarket to buy some”（我们去超市买一些吧）可知，剩下的肉很少，但并非完全没有；meat为不可数名词，应用a little。 7．—________ milk do we need for the cake? —Only one bottle. A．How many B．How much C．How long D．How often 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们做蛋糕需要多少牛奶？——只需要一瓶。 How many多少（修饰可数名词复数）；How much多少（修饰不可数名词）；How long多长时间；How often多久一次。milk为不可数名词，用How much。应填How much。 8．—Do we have ________ bread for breakfast? —Yes, we have two loaves. A．enough B．a little C．much D．many 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们早餐有足够的面包吗？——有的，我们有两条面包。 enough足够的；a little一点；much许多（多用于否定/疑问句，但不强调“足够”）；many许多（修饰可数名词复数）。根据答句“we have two loaves”可知数量充足，应用enough。 9．The shelf has ________ books on it, but ________ of them are about English grammar. We need to buy some more. A．a lot of; few B．much; a little C．many; little D．a little; few 【答案】A 【详解】句意：书架上有很多书，但几乎没有关于英语语法的。我们需要再买一些。 much、a little、little修饰不可数名词；many、few、a lot of修饰可数名词；few、little表否定含义，a few、a little表肯定含义。第一空修饰books（可数名词复数），排除 B、D；第二空指代 books，且根据“We need to buy some more”可知语法书不够，表否定含义，little修饰不可数，few修饰可数。 10．There is ________ juice in the bottle. You can drink it. A．a lot of B．many C．a few D．no 【答案】A 【详解】句意：瓶子里有很多果汁，你可以喝。 a lot of许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）；many许多（修饰可数名词复数）；a few一些（修饰可数名词复数）；no没有。juice为不可数名词，且根据“You can drink it”可知有很多，用a lot of。应填a lot of。 11．—How ________ students are there in your class? —Forty-five. A．much B．many C．lot D．little 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—你们班有多少名学生？—四十五名。 much许多；many许多；lot大量；little很少。根据答语“Forty-five”可知问句询问数量，students是可数名词复数，应用How many提问。应填many。 12．There is very ________ water in this lake, so all the fish in it die (死亡). A．much B．few C．little 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个湖里的水非常少，所以里面的鱼都死了。 much许多；few很少，修饰可数名词复数；little很少，修饰不可数名词。water是不可数名词，根据“fish in it all die”可知水很少，故用little。 13．There are ________ sheep and ________ cows eating grass on the hill. A．a little, a few B．a few, a few C．little, few 【答案】B 【详解】句意：山上有几只羊和几头牛在吃草。 sheep为单复同形名词，此处“There are”表明是几只羊，为复数概念，应用a few修饰；cows为可数名词复数，且表示“几头牛”，应用a few修饰。 14．Bobby bought ________ bags of rice and ________ meat from the shop. A．a little; few B．a few; a little C．a little; a few D．a few; few 【答案】B 【详解】句意：鲍比从商店买了几袋大米和一点肉。 考查不定代词辨析。a few“一些，几个” ，修饰可数名词复数；few“很少，几乎没有”，修饰可数名词复数；a little“一点儿，少量”，修饰不可数名词 。“bags”是可数名词复数，用“a few”修饰；“meat”是不可数名词，用“a little”修饰。故选B。 15．—_________ bottles of milk do you want to buy?        —Two. A．How many B．How much C．How often 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你想要买多少瓶牛奶？——两瓶。 考查特殊疑问句。How many，多少，用于询问可数名词的数量；How much多少，多少钱，询问不可数名词的数量或询问价格等；How often，多久一次，用于询问频率。根据答语“Two”可知，问句是在询问数量，且针对可数名词，故选A。 16．—________ is it from your home to the school? —About two miles. A．How long B．How far C．How often D．How much 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你家到学校有多远？——大约2英里。 考查特殊疑问句。how long多长时间；how far多远；how often多久一次；how much多少。根据回答“About two miles.”可知是询问距离，用how far。故选B。 17．—There is _______ food in the fridge. —OK, I will buy something to eat and ________. A．a little, two glasses of milk B．little, two glasses of milk C．a few, two glasses of milk D．few, two glasses of milks 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——冰箱里几乎没有食物了。 ——好的，我去买些吃的和两杯牛奶。 考查不定代词和不可数名词以及数的表达。a little一些，修饰不可数名词；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词。第一空后“food”表示“食物”，是不可数名词，且答句里的“I will buy something to eat”说明冰箱里“没有食物了”，因此第一空是little；第二空表示“两杯牛奶”，milk是不可数名词，因此正确表达是“two glasses of milk”。故选B。 18．Zhao Ming, we have ________ milk at home. Let’s go and get some in the shop. A．few B．little C．much 【答案】B 【详解】句意：赵明，我们家里几乎没有牛奶了。我们去商店买一些吧。 考查代词辨析。few几乎没有，修饰复数名词，表示否定含义；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词，表示否定含义；much许多，修饰不可数名词。结合后句“Let’s go and get some in the shop”可知，此处应指家里几乎没有牛奶了，milk“牛奶”为不可数名词，应用little修饰。故选B。 19．—________ cups of water do you drink every day, Tom? —About eight cups. It’s important to drink enough water every day. A．How far B．How often C．How much D．How many 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——汤姆，你每天喝多少杯水？——大约八杯。每天喝足够的水很重要。 考查特殊疑问词。 How far多远；How often多久一次；How much多少，后接不可数名词；How many多少，后接可数名词复数。“About eight cups.”是可数名词的数量，用How many提问。故选D。 20．There are parts of the world where there is ________ fresh water. In the Arab countries, salt water can be made safe to drink. A．few B．much C．enough D．little 【答案】D 【详解】句意：世界上有些地方几乎没有淡水资源。在阿拉伯国家，咸水资源可以被处理，安全饮用。 考查形容词辨析。few修饰可数名词，几乎没有；little修饰不可数名词，少量的，几乎没有；much许多的，修饰不可数名词；enough足够的。根据“salt water can be made safe to drink”可知，在一些地区是几乎没有淡水资源的；fresh water“淡水”，不可数名词。故选D。 二、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分) 21．我们应该节约每一滴水。 We should save every ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 drop of water 【详解】根据所给汉语提示可知，every drop of water是固定短语，意为“每一滴水”。故填drop；of；water。 22．我在这个城市里有几个朋友。 I have ________ ________ friends in this city. 【答案】 a few 【详解】根据英汉句子可知，空格处缺少“几个”的英文。“几个”可译为“a few”，后接可数名词复数，friends为可数名词复数，故填a few符合语境。故填a；few。 23．There is a little water in the bottle. (改为同义句) There is ________ ________ water in the bottle. 【答案】 not much 【详解】句意：瓶子里有一点水。改为同义句，water为不可数名词，a little“一点儿”可以用not much“不多”替换，故填not；much。 24．He doesn’t have much time to watch TV. （改为同义句） He ________ ________ time to watch TV. 【答案】 has little 【详解】句意：他没有太多时间看电视。doesn’t have much time表示“没有太多时间”，可以用has little time来替换，little表示“几乎没有”，表示否定意义，故填has；little。 25．There is a little water in the bottle. (保持原句意思) There is ________ ________ water in the bottle. 【答案】 not much 【详解】句意：瓶子里有一点水。根据题干中“a little”意为“一点”，表肯定，后面跟不可数名词，结合要求“保持原句意思”可知，此处空缺部分的用not much来进行同义替换。故填not；much。 26．我妹妹不喜欢有太多糖的咖啡。 My sister doesn’t like coffee with ________ sugar. 【答案】too much 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“太多”，此处是修饰不可数名词sugar，用too much，故填too much。 27．我认为睡眠很重要，因为睡得好可以给你足够的能量。 I think sleep is important because sleeping well can give you ________. 【答案】enough energy 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“足够的能量”，其英文表达为enough energy，故填enough energy。 28．这件大衣多少钱？          ________ ________ is the coat? 【答案】 How much 【详解】此处询问价格，用疑问词how much，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填How；much。 29．一小时是多少分钟？       ________ ________ minutes are there in an hour? 【答案】 How many 【详解】句意：一小时是多少分钟？根据句意可知，此处对可数名词minutes的数量提问，用疑问词how many，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填How；many。 30．you, do, many, want, how, kilos _________________________? 【答案】How many kilos do you want 【详解】根据所给单词及标点可知，本句为特殊疑问句，how many“多少”，后面加可数名词kilos“公斤”，后面加一般疑问句，助动词do，you作主语，want作谓语。故填How many kilos do you want“你想要多少公斤”。 三、短文填空(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) Rain Water, the second solar term in the Chinese lunar calendar, usually 31 ( arrive) around February 18th or 19th each year. Just as 32 (it) name tells, at this time, the cold winter begins to leave, and the weather gets warmer. Rainfall becomes 33 ( often).​ The coming of Rain Water brings many changes. The icy cold of winter 34 (slow) goes away. Little by little, grass starts to turn green, and trees grow new and tender 35 (leaf). The earth seems to wake up 36 its long winter sleep. For farmers, this solar term is really important. The extra rain helps water the crops. Crops can grow better with enough water, and this means 37 good harvest in autumn.​ In Chinese culture, there are some 38 (interest) traditions during Rain Water. Married daughters often visit their parents-in-law. They take gifts like food or nice clothes 39 (show) their love and respect. Also, this is a time for people to make plans for the new farming season. Everyone is full of hope 40 the gentle rain brings new life to the world. We all look forward to a great year ahead. 【答案】 31．arrives 32．its 33．more often 34．slowly 35．leaves 36．from 37．a 38．interesting 39．to show 40．because 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国农历二十四节气中的雨水节气，包括其时间、带来的天气变化、对农业的重要性以及中国文化中在雨水节气的一些传统。 31．句意：雨水，中国农历的第二个节气，通常在每年的2月18日或19日左右到来。根据句中的“usually”和“each year”可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语“Rain Water”是第三人称单数，所以动词arrive要用第三人称单数形式arrives，故填arrives。 32．句意：就像它的名字所表明的那样，在这个时候，寒冷的冬天开始离开，天气变得更暖和。name是名词，前面需要用形容词性物主代词修饰，it的形容词性物主代词是its，故填its。 33．句意：降雨变得更频繁了。根据前文“the cold winter begins to leave, and the weather gets warmer”可知与之前相比，降雨变得更频繁，要用比较级，often的比较级是more often，故填more often。 34．句意：冬天的冰冷慢慢地消退了。goes away是动词短语，需要用副词来修饰，slow的副词形式是slowly，故填slowly。 35．句意：渐渐地，草开始变绿，树木长出了新的嫩叶子。leaf是可数名词，根据语境，树不可能只长一片叶子，所以要用复数形式leaves，故填leaves。 36．句意：大地似乎从它漫长的冬眠中苏醒过来。wake up from是固定短语，意为“从……中醒来”，故填from。 37．句意：有了足够的水，庄稼可以长得更好，这意味着在秋天会有一个好收成。harvest是可数名词，此处表示“一个好收成”，good是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a，故填a。 38．句意：在中国文化中，在雨水节气期间有一些有趣的传统。traditions“传统”是名词，前面需要用形容词修饰。interest的形容词形式有interesting“有趣的”，修饰物；interested“感兴趣的”，修饰人；这里修饰traditions，所以用interesting，故填interesting。 39．句意：已婚女儿经常去看望她们的公婆。她们带食物或漂亮衣服之类的礼物来表达她们的爱和尊重。根据语境，带礼物的目的是表达爱和尊重，所以用动词不定式to show作目的状语，故填to show。 40．句意：每个人都充满希望，因为温柔的雨给世界带来了新的生命。根据语境，“the gentle rain brings new life to the world”是“Everyone is full of hope”的原因，所以用because“因为”引导原因状语从句，故填because。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 5 Water is life 谈论数量 （时间：40分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．—You have ________ time left to review your lessons before the exam, so start now! —Don’t worry about that. I still have ________ days left for it. A．little; few B．little; a few C．a little; a few 2．________ tourists go to Fuzhou, our hometown every year. A．Five millions B．Five million of C．Millions of 3．He is a man of ________ words and he seldom goes out with his friends, either. A．little B．a few C．few 4．I don’t have ________ money to buy this new phone. A．many B．much C．a few D．enough 5．—How ________ water did the bottle hold originally? —It could hold 500ml, but now there is only ________ left, not ________ for us to drink. A．much; a little; enough B．many; a few; much C．much; few; enough D．many; a little; many 6．We only have ________ meat left. Let’s go to the supermarket to buy some. A．a little B．a few C．many D．enough 7．—________ milk do we need for the cake? —Only one bottle. A．How many B．How much C．How long D．How often 8．—Do we have ________ bread for breakfast? —Yes, we have two loaves. A．enough B．a little C．much D．many 9．The shelf has ________ books on it, but ________ of them are about English grammar. We need to buy some more. A．a lot of; few B．much; a little C．many; little D．a little; few 10．There is ________ juice in the bottle. You can drink it. A．a lot of B．many C．a few D．no 11．—How ________ students are there in your class? —Forty-five. A．much B．many C．lot D．little 12．There is very ________ water in this lake, so all the fish in it die (死亡). A．much B．few C．little 13．There are ________ sheep and ________ cows eating grass on the hill. A．a little, a few B．a few, a few C．little, few 14．Bobby bought ________ bags of rice and ________ meat from the shop. A．a little; few B．a few; a little C．a little; a few D．a few; few 15．—_________ bottles of milk do you want to buy?        —Two. A．How many B．How much C．How often 16．—________ is it from your home to the school? —About two miles. A．How long B．How far C．How often D．How much 17．—There is _______ food in the fridge. —OK, I will buy something to eat and ________. A．a little, two glasses of milk B．little, two glasses of milk C．a few, two glasses of milk D．few, two glasses of milks 18．Zhao Ming, we have ________ milk at home. Let’s go and get some in the shop. A．few B．little C．much 19．—________ cups of water do you drink every day, Tom? —About eight cups. It’s important to drink enough water every day. A．How far B．How often C．How much D．How many 20．There are parts of the world where there is ________ fresh water. In the Arab countries, salt water can be made safe to drink. A．few B．much C．enough D．little 二、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分) 21．我们应该节约每一滴水。 We should save every ________ ________ ________. 22．我在这个城市里有几个朋友。 I have ________ ________ friends in this city. 23．There is a little water in the bottle. (改为同义句) There is ________ ________ water in the bottle. 24．He doesn’t have much time to watch TV. （改为同义句） He ________ ________ time to watch TV. 25．There is a little water in the bottle. (保持原句意思) There is ________ ________ water in the bottle. 26．我妹妹不喜欢有太多糖的咖啡。 My sister doesn’t like coffee with ________ sugar. 27．我认为睡眠很重要，因为睡得好可以给你足够的能量。 I think sleep is important because sleeping well can give you ________. 28．这件大衣多少钱？          ________ ________ is the coat? 29．一小时是多少分钟？       ________ ________ minutes are there in an hour? 30．you, do, many, want, how, kilos _________________________? 三、短文填空(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) Rain Water, the second solar term in the Chinese lunar calendar, usually 31 ( arrive) around February 18th or 19th each year. Just as 32 (it) name tells, at this time, the cold winter begins to leave, and the weather gets warmer. Rainfall becomes 33 ( often).​ The coming of Rain Water brings many changes. The icy cold of winter 34 (slow) goes away. Little by little, grass starts to turn green, and trees grow new and tender 35 (leaf). The earth seems to wake up 36 its long winter sleep. For farmers, this solar term is really important. The extra rain helps water the crops. Crops can grow better with enough water, and this means 37 good harvest in autumn.​ In Chinese culture, there are some 38 (interest) traditions during Rain Water. Married daughters often visit their parents-in-law. They take gifts like food or nice clothes 39 (show) their love and respect. Also, this is a time for people to make plans for the new farming season. Everyone is full of hope 40 the gentle rain brings new life to the world. We all look forward to a great year ahead. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $