Unit 5 Water is life 单元话题练（语法填空+阅读+完形+语法选择+写作）-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（沪教版）

**基本信息** 以“水”为核心主题，整合语法、阅读、写作等多题型，构建“现象-问题-保护”逻辑链，强化语言能力与思维品质协同发展。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法填空|2篇短文|考查动词时态、代词、介词等语法应用|从京杭大运河历史切入，延伸至日常节水，实现语法与主题融合| |完形填空|3篇|围绕水的重要性、水循环等主题考查词汇辨析|由水的生命意义到污染问题，层层递进培养语篇理解| |语法选择|3篇|聚焦语法规则在语境中的运用|结合健康饮水、茶文化、环保话题，体现语法实用性| |阅读理解|5篇|涵盖实验说明、河流价值、科学原理等文体|从水循环科学原理到长江保护法律，构建跨学科知识网络| |任务型阅读|1篇|综合信息提取与开放表达|系统梳理水的形态、作用及威胁，提升信息整合能力| |书面表达|2篇|倡议信与说明文写作|从污染问题分析到节水措施建议，落实语言输出与思维表达|

Unit 5 Water is life单元话题组合练 （语法填空+阅读+完形+语法选择+写作） 一、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is about 1,800 kilometres long. It 1 (start) from Hangzhou in the south and goes to Beijing in the 2 . It has a long history of over 2,500 years. In the year AD 605, Emperor Yang Guang gave 3 order to build (建造) the canal. Building such a long canal was 4 (real) difficult at that time. There were 3.6 million people working on it and in a short time lots of 5 (they) lost their lives. It took people about six years 6 (build) the canal. The Grand Canal became a bridge 7 the north and the south of China. The Grand Canal was built in old times, 8 it is still in use today. Every day, ships go up and down the canal. And many people like to take a walk 9 it. It is part of many Chinese people’s lives. Now many people are living 10 (happy) near the canal. They call it “mother river” and it is one of the symbols in Hangzhou. Water is very important to us. We use it in many ways. In our daily life, we need 1 (drink) water to stay healthy. But do you know how much water we should drink every day? A lot of people think they should drink eight glasses of water a day. But in fact, the amount of water we need 2 (depend) on many factors, such as our age, weight and activity level. For example, if you are very active and do a lot of sports, you need 3 (drink) more water. You should also drink more water in hot weather. However, not everyone has enough clean water 4 (use). In some places, water is very scarce. People there don’t have 5 (much) water for daily use. We should save water. We can start from small things. For example, when we brush our teeth, we should turn 6 the tap. We can also use 7 (reuse) water to water plants. In addition, water pollution is a big problem. Factories and farms often put 8 (harm) chemicals into rivers and lakes. This makes the water undrinkable. We need to protect water resources and stop 9 (pollute) water. If we all work together, we can make a difference and ensure that there is enough clean water 10 future generations. 二、完形填空 Water: The Source of Life Water is one of the most 1 substances on Earth. It is essential for all forms of life. Without water, life as we know it would not exist. We use water in countless ways in our daily lives. We drink it to 2 hydrated, cook with it, and use it for cleaning. In addition, water is 3 for agriculture. Farmers rely on water to irrigate their fields and grow crops. Without sufficient water, crops would wither and die, leading to food shortages. Water also plays a crucial 4 in industry. Many manufacturing processes require large amounts of water. For example, in the paper-making industry, water is used to 5 the pulp. In the energy sector, water is used to generate electricity in hydro-power plants. However, water is not evenly distributed around the world. Some regions suffer from water shortages, while others face water pollution problems. Factories and farms often 6 harmful chemicals into water bodies, making the water 7 for human consumption and harmful to aquatic life. We need to 8 water resources. One way is to save water in our daily lives. We can turn off the tap when brushing our teeth or use a bucket instead of a hose to wash the car. Another way is to 9 water pollution. We should support stricter environmental regulations and encourage industries to adopt cleaner production methods. In conclusion, water is precious. We must do our part to protect and 10 this valuable resource for future generations. 1．A．common B．important C．interesting D．beautiful 2．A．keep B．make C．get D．stay 3．A．useless B．necessary C．harmful D．difficult 4．A．game B．role C．part D．place 5．A．make B．create C．process D．produce 6．A．put B．throw C．release D．give 7．A．safe B．unsafe C．clean D．dirty 8．A．waste B．protect C．use D．pollute 9．A．increase B．reduce C．improve D．change 10．A．waste B．save C．destroy D．use Water is very important to living things. Without water there can be no 1 on Earth. All animals and plants need water. 2 also needs water. We need water to drink. to cook our food and to clean ourselves. Water is needed in offices, factories and schools. Water is needed everywhere. There is water in seas, rivers and 3 . Water is found almost everywhere. Even in the 4 part of the world, there is some water in the air. You cannot see or feel it when it is a part of the 5 . The water in the seas, rivers and lakes is a liquid (液体). The water in the air is a 6 , and we call it water vapor. Clouds are made of water. They may be made of very small drops of water. They may also be made of snow crystals (结晶体). Snow crystals are very, very small crystals of ice. Ice is frozen water. It is a solid. There can be 7 and ice everywhere in winter. Some people think there’s 8 water on Earth. In fact, there is only enough water for us to use now. If we don’t 9 it, it will surely be used out some day. To protect water is to protect 10 . Do you think so? 1．A．birds B．trees C．fish D．life 2．A．Animals B．Plants C．People D．Food 3．A．air B．lakes C．pools D．bathrooms 4．A．highest B．hottest C．coldest D．driest 5．A．air B．sea C．river D．ice 6．A．light B．gas C．sound D．color 7．A．rain B．storm C．snow D．sunlight 8．A．little B．no C．not much D．much 9．A．drink B．save C．use D．pollute 10．A．friends B．parents C．ourselves D．teachers When it rains, water falls from clouds in the sky to the ground. How does the water get into the 1 ? It is something called the water cycle (循环)． There is always water in the air, but you can’t always 2 it. It’s called water vapor. The 3 heats up water in rivers, lakes and oceans. The water 4 water vapor. It goes into the air. High in the sky, it is 5 at first. When water vapor gets cold, it becomes 6 again. You can see this 7 when you have a cold drink on a warm day. Water is on the outside of the glass. Does the glass leak (漏)? No. Water vapor in the air turns into water when it touches (接触) the cold 8 . Millions of water drops come together in the sky. They 9 clouds. Wind moves clouds. And the water vapor in clouds cools off and changes to water. Then the water 10 onto the Earth. Rain falls back into the oceans, lakes and rivers. The sun turns it into water vapor. The water cycle starts all over again. 1．A．river B．trees C．sky D．mountain 2．A．see B．smell C．look D．hear 3．A．sun B．moon C．earth D．star 4．A．comes from B．takes in C．gets into D．turns into 5．A．warm B．cold C．small D．big 6．A．rain B．cloud C．water D．snow 7．A．happen B．climb C．push D．mean 8．A．ground B．desk C．book D．glass 9．A．remain B．form C．find D．allow 10．A．drops B．fights C．leads D．discusses 三、语法选择 We all know that water is important for life. But 1 water should we drink? Usually for most of us eight glasses of water every day might be OK. But when people live or work in warmer environments, they need 2 more water. That is because they lose more water than us. About 70% of our body is 3 up of water, but it cannot replenish (补充) water itself. So drinking water helps with our health. Here 4 some important things about drinking water. 1．Drink regularly (有规律地) through the day to prevent dehydration (脱水). After you get up, 55 is helpful to drink a glass of water. 1．Some people 56 have the habit of drinking regularly. They only drink 57 they are thirsty (口渴的). In fact, when we feel thirsty, 58 body is already short of water. It is too late to drink water. 1．In 59 office, keep water within reach and drink it whenever (无论何时) you see it. 60 this way, you can drink enough water. 2．A．how many B．how long C．how much D．what 3．A．drinks B．to drink C．drinking D．drank 4．A．make B．makes C．making D．made 5．A．are B．is C．were D．did 6．A．it B．this C．that D．he 7．A．aren’t B．doesn’t C．isn’t D．don’t 8．A．so B．but C．when D．before 9．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 10．A．your B．you C．we D．our 11．A．On B．In C．For D．To Tea is one of 1 drinks in China. And there are many different kinds of tea. People in China have grown tea for 2 years. Thanks to a man 3 Lu Yu, people all over China started enjoying tea as a drink. Lu Yu 4 studied the art of making tea and he wanted to share his knowledge 5 others. Nowadays most people know the story about Dragon Well green tea. This tea comes from the Chinese village of Dragon Well, not far from Hangzhou. Nearly 2000 years ago, the village had many months with no rain. All of the crops were dying and the farmers were very worried. Then a man 6 a dragon in a well. He asked the dragon 7 out of the well. 8 the dragon came out, it began to rain and the crops were saved. People now call the tea from that area, “Dragon Well tea”. People in the UK, the USA and Australia drink tea 9 but most people there like tea with sugar. According to doctors, green tea is very good 10 you. You should drink some every day. Do you? 1．A．most popular B．the most popular C．more popular D．popular 2．A．thousand of B．thousands C．thousands of D．a thousand of 3．A．call B．calling C．called D．was called 4．A．care B．careful C．more careful D．carefully 5．A．with B．to C．for D．at 6．A．find B．found C．finding D．to find 7．A．get B．got C．getting D．to get 8．A．As soon as B．If C．When D．Because 9．A．too B．also C．as well D．either 10．A．at B．for C．with D．to The Earth is our home. We must take care of it. Life today is easier than it was 1 years ago, but it has brought some new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution. We can see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it. Pollution problems 2 more and more serious now. There are many kinds of pollution around us such as air pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution and light pollution. They are bad 3 our health in many ways. Air pollution from industry and cars is 4 to our environment, which can cause sore eyes and breathing problems. People throw away 5 rubbish. Rubbish is everywhere. It makes the environment 6 . Noise pollution is also around us, so it’s difficult for 7 to study or work well. People may even lose their hearing 8 they work in a noisy place for a long time. Too much noise can cause high blood pressure (高血压) 9 . We have only one Earth. The pollution problems are 10 serious that we should act now to protect the environment. Let’s start out small and make our home more and more beautiful. 1．A．hundred B．hundreds of C．hundred of D．hundreds 2．A．are becoming B．will become C．became D．becomes 3．A．to B．in C．for D．of 4．A．harm B．harmless C．harms D．harmful 5．A．a lot B．lot of C．lots of D．lots 6．A．dirt B．dirty C．dirtily D．dirtiest 7．A．we B．us C．our D．ourselves 8．A．before B．after C．if D．while 9．A．also B．neither C．either D．as well 10．A．very B．quite C．much D．so 四、阅读理解 Let’s do this experiment (实验) to see how rain forms. You will need the objects (物件): a glass jar (罐), hot water, a plate and ice cubes (冰块). What happens in the jar? Hot water makes warm, wet air called steam (水蒸气). Steam rises up to the cold plate. The cold air near the plate changes warm steam into water. Then heavy drops of water fall. What happens in the sky? The sun heats (加热) the water. The warm, wet air rises up into the sky. If the warm, wet air meets the cold air, rain clouds will form. When the clouds have enough water, the drops fall to the ground as rain. 1．Which of the following is the right order of using the objects in the experiment? ①a plate     ②a glass jar     ③ice cubes     ④hot water A．②①③④ B．④①②③ C．②④①③ D．①③②④ 2．How long does it take to see raindrops in this experiment? A．About five minutes. B．About ten minutes. C．About fifteen minutes. D．About twenty minutes. 3．From the text we can know the drops of water in the experiment ________. A．come from the melting ice cubes B．come from the warm steam C．come from the rain clouds D．come from the cold air 4．Which of the following should be put into ________? A．cloud B．snow C．wind D．water 5．In which class will you probably do this experiment? A．History. B．Chinese. C．Math. D．Geography. Rivers are one of our most important natural resources. Many of the world’s great cities are located on rivers, and almost every country has at least one river flowing through it that plays an important part in the lives of its people. Since the beginning of history, people have used rivers for transportation. The longest one in the United States is the Mississippi. The lifeline of Egypt is the Nile. To the people of India, the Ganges is great, but it is also important for transportation; ships can travel along it for a thousand miles. Other great rivers are the Congo in Africa and the Mekong in Southeast Asia. The greatest of all for navigation, however, is the Amazon in Brazil. It is so wide and so deep that large ships can go about two thousand miles upon it. Besides transportation, rivers give food, water to drink, water for crops, and chances for fun for the people who live along their banks. In order to increase the supply of water for crops, engineers sometimes build a dam across a river and let a lake form behind the dam. Then people can use the water not only to grow crops but also to make electricity for their homes and industries. However, large cities and industries located upon rivers often make problems. As the cities grow in size and industries increase in number, the water in the rivers becomes polluted with chemicals and other materials. However, people are learning the importance of doing more to keep their rivers clean if they want to enjoy the benefits of this natural resource. 1．The greatest river for navigation is ________. A．the Amazon B．the Nile C．the Mexico D．the Mississippi 2．Which of the following is WRONG? A．The Nile is in India. B．Almost every country has at least one important river. C．Many cities are located near rivers. D．Rivers play an important part in the lives of people. 3．From a dam, people can use the water for ________. A．keeping the rivers clean B．only making electricity C．washing clothes D．irrigation and making electricity 4．The water in the river is polluted because ________. A．people drink too much water B．people swim in the river C．people build a dam across a river D．there are chemicals and other materials 5．The best title of the passage is ________. A．Rivers in Cities B．The Importance of Rivers C．Natural Resources D．Transportation Do you know the saying “the quiet before the storm (暴风雨)”? It means a quiet time before a busy or hard time comes. People found that just before a storm the sea and the air would be very quiet. Soon, the clouds would get together and they’d hear the first thunder (雷声). How does this develop? Let’s see the science behind it! Warm air goes up. Warm air is lighter than the cool air around it. Just before a storm, warm air near the ground begins to go up quickly. Low pressure (低气压) forms. As the warm air goes up, taking away a lot of energy (能量), it makes a low pressure area (区域) form near the ground. Clouds get together. At the same time, high up in the sky, the warm air is cooling and getting together to become clouds. These clouds go on to get together, getting heavy and dark. Storm comes. At last, this get-together of energy in the air makes the storm itself. The quiet ends as rain, wind, and thunder come. Remember, this quiet doesn’t last long. A big storm may be coming very soon. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What did people find just before a storm? A．The sea would be deep. B．The rain would be heavy. C．The clouds would get together. D．The wind would be strong. 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指的是)? A．The air. B．The wind. C．The quiet. D．The cloud. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Warm air is heavier than the cool air. B．Clouds get together and become light. C．The quiet before the storm lasts for a long time. D．Low pressure forms near the ground before a storm. 4．From the text, which picture can show how the storm happens? A． B． C． D． 5．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Moving of Warm Air. B．The Quiet Before the Storm. C．The Coming of the Storm. D．The Get-together of the Clouds. You may have heard the saying “The Yangtze River is China’s mother river”. It’s almost 6,400 kilometres long. As the world’s third-longest river, it covers one-fifth of China’s land area. The Yangtze River Economic Zone (长江经济带) covers eleven provinces and cities, making up about 40 percent of China’s total population and GDP. On December 26, China passed the Yangtze River Protection Law, which came into force on March 1, 2021. It is the first law to protect a waterway in China. The mother river is in great need of protection because something is wrong with it. For example, because of overfishing and water pollution, the river’s Chinese paddlefish has died out there. There’s also desertified land and soil pollution near the river. According to the law, fishing will not be allowed in all of the Yangtze’s natural waterways, including its major tributaries (支流) and lakes. Those who are caught fishing will be fined (罚款) 50,000 to 500,000 yuan. Digging sand will be strictly limited (限制) in the river. Many companies are digging sand along the river. However, this has led to lower water levels on the river, which has caused the river’s water quality to decline. Companies and factories along the river will need to focus on green development. If their activities do harm to the waterways, they will be moved away, the law says. 1．What does the first paragraph tell us about the Yangtze River? A．How old it is. B．Why it’s important. C．What problems it has. D．Where it joins the sea. 2．What does Paragraph 3 explain? A．Why the river needs protection. B．How the river is being polluted. C．When Chinese paddlefish died out. D．How the river will be protected. 3．What does the underlined word “decline” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Become better. B．Become worse. C．Be hard to test. D．Be easy to control. 4．According to the passage, which of the following is true about protecting the river? A．People can’t fish in the river’s major tributaries. B．Digging sand will not be allowed in the river anymore. C．Companies along the river will be moved to other places. D．Anyone who causes pollution will be fined at least 50,000 yuan. Everyone knows water is important to all living things. But water is becoming less and less today. Here are some interesting facts about water. And we all should know what we do with the water problems. Facts about water Without water, the Earth would look like the Moon. People can live several days without food, but only a few days without water. Scientists say 70% of the human body is made up of water. Water makes up 83% of our blood, 70% of our brain，and 90% of our lungs (肺). About 95% of a tomato is water, and about 80% of an apple is water. ______. Keep a shower only in 10 minutes. It helps save much water. Use a broom to sweep the floor, the stair, the garage (车库), or the road instead of water. Never throw your used water away. Instead, you can use some to water plants or run the toilets. Use a bucket (桶) of water to wash your bike or the family car instead of water pipes. Use water only when you need it. Don’t leave water running. Be sure to turn the tap off when you are not using it. 1．Why does the writer tell us the facts about water first? A．To let us know many things need water. B．To let us learn some knowledge. C．To show he knows much. D．To tell us how important water is. 2．Which of the following can be put into the blank? A．Ways to help with the water problems. B．Different ways to use water. C．Some terrible water problems. D．Drink much water every day. 3．Which can NOT help to save water? A．Taking a shower for 7 minutes. B．Using water pipes to wash your car. C．Using the used water to water plants. D．Using water only when you need it. 4．What does the passage want us to do? A．To drink healthy water. B．To save water. C．To use much water. D．To find fresh water. 五、任务型阅读 Water: The Lifeline of Our Planet Water is the essence of life on Earth. It covers a large part of our planet and is involved in almost every aspect of our lives. In nature, water exists in various forms, such as liquid, solid, and gas. The water cycle is a continuous process that ensures the distribution of water around the world. It starts with evaporation, where water from oceans, lakes, and rivers turns into vapor and rises into the atmosphere. Then, it condenses to form clouds. When the clouds become heavy enough, water falls back to the ground as precipitation, like rain or snow. Water is vital for all living organisms. In the human body, water makes up a significant portion of our weight. It helps with digestion, transportation of nutrients, and regulation of body temperature. For example, when we exercise, we sweat, and water in our bodies helps to cool us down. If we don’t replenish the lost water by drinking, we can become dehydrated, which can cause various health problems. In the environment, water is home to a diverse range of plants and animals. Rivers, lakes, and oceans are ecosystems that support countless species. Some animals, like fish, depend entirely on water for survival. Water also helps in the growth of plants. It transports nutrients from the soil to different parts of the plant, enabling it to grow and thrive. However, water faces many threats today. Pollution from factories, agricultural runoff, and human waste is contaminating water sources. This not only affects the quality of water but also endangers the lives of those who depend on it. Additionally, over-consumption of water in some areas is leading to water shortages. 1．What are the three forms of water in nature? 2．How does water help in the human body during exercise? 3．What are the main threats to water according to the passage? 4．In your opinion, what can schools do to raise students’ awareness of water conservation? Please list at least two measures and explain them. 六、书面表达 1．假定你是李辉。你是学校环保社团的一员，最近你看到一些环境污染的相关报道后，决定写一篇英文倡议信，号召大家一起保护地球，要点如下： 1. 污染问题； 2.保护措施； 3.表达倡议。 要求：1.词数80左右，开头已为你写好，不计入总词数； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.倡议信中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 Dear friends, As we know, the Earth is our home and it is facing many problems now. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1．水是我们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分，地球上的一切生物都离不开水，但是世界上很多地区已经处于严重缺水的状态。请根据下面表格的提示，以“How to save water”为题，写一篇不少于70 词的英语文章，可适当发挥。 水的重要性 生物生存离不开水；水对于生产(production) 很重要。 节约用水的具体方法 关掉水龙头；使用用过的水灌溉植物。 How to save water _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Water is life单元话题组合练 （语法填空+阅读+完形+语法选择+写作） 一、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is about 1,800 kilometres long. It 1 (start) from Hangzhou in the south and goes to Beijing in the 2 . It has a long history of over 2,500 years. In the year AD 605, Emperor Yang Guang gave 3 order to build (建造) the canal. Building such a long canal was 4 (real) difficult at that time. There were 3.6 million people working on it and in a short time lots of 5 (they) lost their lives. It took people about six years 6 (build) the canal. The Grand Canal became a bridge 7 the north and the south of China. The Grand Canal was built in old times, 8 it is still in use today. Every day, ships go up and down the canal. And many people like to take a walk 9 it. It is part of many Chinese people’s lives. Now many people are living 10 (happy) near the canal. They call it “mother river” and it is one of the symbols in Hangzhou. 【答案】 1．starts 2．north 3．an 4．really 5．them 6．to build 7．between 8．but 9．along 10．happily 【导语】本文介绍京杭大运河的长度、起止点、修建背景及历史价值，展现其作为连接南北的交通纽带，至今仍滋养民众、融入国人生活的重要意义。 1．句意：它从南方的杭州开始，向北延伸至北京。句子描述京杭大运河的客观事实，用一般现在时；主语“It”是第三人称单数，谓语动词“start”需变为第三人称单数形式“starts”。 2．句意：它从南方的杭州开始，向北延伸至北京。前半句提及“in the south”，此处与之对应，需填表示“北方”的名词“north”。 3．句意：公元605年，隋炀帝下令开凿这条运河。“give an order to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“下令做某事”；“order”以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词“an”修饰。 4．句意：在那个时候，修建这样一条长长的运河真的非常困难。此处修饰形容词“difficult”，需用副词形式，“real”的副词是“really”。 5．句意：有360万人参与修建，并且在短时间内，很多人失去了生命。介词“of”后需接人称代词的宾格形式，“they”的宾格是“them”。 6．句意：人们花了大约六年时间才建成这条运河。“It took sb. some time to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“某人花费多长时间做某事”，其中“it”是形式主语，真正主语用不定式“to build”。 7．句意：大运河成为了连接中国北方和南方的桥梁。“between…and…”是固定搭配，意为“在……和……之间”，此处表示运河连接南北两方。 8．句意：大运河修建于古代，但如今仍在使用。前半句“was built in old times”与后半句“is still in use today”是转折关系，需用连词“but”连接。 9．句意：而且很多人喜欢沿着运河散步。结合语境“take a walk”与“the canal”，“along”表示“沿着”，“walk along it”即“沿着它散步”。 10．句意：现在很多人幸福地生活在运河附近。此处修饰动词“living”，需用副词形式“happily”，意为“幸福地”，作状语修饰动词。 Water is very important to us. We use it in many ways. In our daily life, we need 1 (drink) water to stay healthy. But do you know how much water we should drink every day? A lot of people think they should drink eight glasses of water a day. But in fact, the amount of water we need 2 (depend) on many factors, such as our age, weight and activity level. For example, if you are very active and do a lot of sports, you need 3 (drink) more water. You should also drink more water in hot weather. However, not everyone has enough clean water 4 (use). In some places, water is very scarce. People there don’t have 5 (much) water for daily use. We should save water. We can start from small things. For example, when we brush our teeth, we should turn 6 the tap. We can also use 7 (reuse) water to water plants. In addition, water pollution is a big problem. Factories and farms often put 8 (harm) chemicals into rivers and lakes. This makes the water undrinkable. We need to protect water resources and stop 9 (pollute) water. If we all work together, we can make a difference and ensure that there is enough clean water 10 future generations. 【答案】 1．to drink 2．depends 3．to drink 4．to use 5．much 6．off 7．reused 8．harmful 9．polluting 10．for 【导语】本文主要讲述了水在我们日常生活中的重要性以及水污染问题，呼吁大家节约并保护水资源。 1．句意：在我们的日常生活中，我们需要喝水来保持健康。need to do“需要做某事”。故填to drink。 2．句意：但实际上，我们所需的水量取决于许多因素，如年龄、体重和活动水平。分析句子可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“the amount of water”，是单数概念，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填depends。 3．句意：例如，如果你非常活跃并且做很多运动，你需要喝更多的水。need to do“需要做某事”。故填to drink。 4．句意：然而，并不是每个人都有足够干净的可用水。have…to do“有……要做”，此处表示“有足够的干净水来使用”。故填to use。 5．句意：那里的人没有多少水用于日常使用。water是不可数名词，应用much修饰。故填much。 6．句意：例如，当我们刷牙时，我们应该关掉水龙头。turn off“关掉”。故填off。 7．句意：我们也可以用可回收的水浇花。分析句子可知，此处需要形容词修饰water，reused“可再利用的”，表示“可再利用的（可回收的）水”。故填reused。 8．句意：工厂和农场常常把有害的化学物质排入江河湖泊。此处需要一个形容词修饰chemicals，harmful“有害的”。故填harmful。 9．句意：我们需要保护水资源并停止污染水。stop doing sth“停止正在做的事情”。故填polluting。 10．句意：如果我们大家齐心协力，我们就能有所作为，确保子孙后代有足够的清洁用水。根据“If we all work together, we can make a difference and ensure that there is enough clean water…future generations.”可知此处是指确保有足够的干净水供子孙后代使用，for“为了”。故填for。 二、完形填空 Water: The Source of Life Water is one of the most 1 substances on Earth. It is essential for all forms of life. Without water, life as we know it would not exist. We use water in countless ways in our daily lives. We drink it to 2 hydrated, cook with it, and use it for cleaning. In addition, water is 3 for agriculture. Farmers rely on water to irrigate their fields and grow crops. Without sufficient water, crops would wither and die, leading to food shortages. Water also plays a crucial 4 in industry. Many manufacturing processes require large amounts of water. For example, in the paper-making industry, water is used to 5 the pulp. In the energy sector, water is used to generate electricity in hydro-power plants. However, water is not evenly distributed around the world. Some regions suffer from water shortages, while others face water pollution problems. Factories and farms often 6 harmful chemicals into water bodies, making the water 7 for human consumption and harmful to aquatic life. We need to 8 water resources. One way is to save water in our daily lives. We can turn off the tap when brushing our teeth or use a bucket instead of a hose to wash the car. Another way is to 9 water pollution. We should support stricter environmental regulations and encourage industries to adopt cleaner production methods. In conclusion, water is precious. We must do our part to protect and 10 this valuable resource for future generations. 1．A．common B．important C．interesting D．beautiful 2．A．keep B．make C．get D．stay 3．A．useless B．necessary C．harmful D．difficult 4．A．game B．role C．part D．place 5．A．make B．create C．process D．produce 6．A．put B．throw C．release D．give 7．A．safe B．unsafe C．clean D．dirty 8．A．waste B．protect C．use D．pollute 9．A．increase B．reduce C．improve D．change 10．A．waste B．save C．destroy D．use 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文主要论述了水是生命之源，在日常生活、农业、工业等方面都有着至关重要的作用，但水资源在全球分布不均且面临短缺和污染问题，强调我们需要保护和节约水资源，以确保这一宝贵资源能造福后代。 1．句意：水是地球上最重要的物质之一。 common常见的；important重要的；interesting有趣的；beautiful美丽的。根据“Water is one of the most...substances on Earth. It is essential for all forms of life.”可知，后文提到水对所有生命形式都至关重要，所以这里强调水的“重要性”。此处应选“important”。故选B。 2．句意：我们饮用它以保持水分。 keep保持；make制作；get得到；stay保持。根据“We drink it to...hydrated”可知，“stay hydrated”是固定表达，表示“保持水分”。此处应选“stay”。故选D。 3．句意：此外，水对农业来说是必不可少的。 useless无用的；necessary必要的；harmful有害的；difficult困难的。根据“In addition, water is...for agriculture.”可知，后文提到农民依靠水灌溉田地和种植庄稼，所以水对农业“必不可少”。此处应选“necessary”。故选B。 4．句意：水在工业中也起着至关重要的作用。 game游戏；role角色；part部分；place地方。根据“Water also plays a crucial...in industry.”可知，“play a crucial role”是固定短语，表示“起着至关重要的作用”。此处应选“role”。故选B。 5．句意：例如，在造纸工业中，水被用来处理纸浆。 make制作；create创造；process处理；produce生产。根据“For example, in the paper-making industry, water is used to...the pulp.”可知，这里说水用于对纸浆进行“处理”。此处应选“process”。故选C。 6．句意：工厂和农场经常向水体中排放有害化学物质。 put放；throw扔；release排放；give给。根据“Factories and farms often...harmful chemicals into water bodies”可知，这里说工厂和农场向水体“排放”有害化学物质，用“release”更合适。故选C。 7．句意：使水对人类饮用不安全，对水生生物有害。 safe安全的；unsafe不安全的；clean干净的；dirty脏的。根据“making the water...for human consumption and harmful to aquatic life.”可知，因为排放有害化学物质，所以水对人类饮用“不安全”。此处应选“unsafe”。故选B。 8．句意：我们需要保护水资源。 waste浪费；protect保护；use使用；pollute污染。根据“We need to...water resources.”可知，后文提到了节约用水和减少水污染等措施，所以这里是要“保护”水资源。此处应选“protect”。故选B。 9．句意：另一种方法是减少水污染。 increase增加；reduce减少；improve提高；change改变。根据“Another way is to...water pollution.”可知，这里说应对水污染的方法，应该是“减少”水污染。此处应选“reduce”。故选B。 10．句意：我们必须尽自己的一份力量来保护和节约这一宝贵资源，为子孙后代着想。 waste浪费；save节约；destroy破坏；use使用。根据“We must do our part to protect and...this valuable resource for future generations.”可知，前文提到保护水资源，这里说要“节约”水资源。此处应选“save”。故选B。 Water is very important to living things. Without water there can be no 1 on Earth. All animals and plants need water. 2 also needs water. We need water to drink. to cook our food and to clean ourselves. Water is needed in offices, factories and schools. Water is needed everywhere. There is water in seas, rivers and 3 . Water is found almost everywhere. Even in the 4 part of the world, there is some water in the air. You cannot see or feel it when it is a part of the 5 . The water in the seas, rivers and lakes is a liquid (液体). The water in the air is a 6 , and we call it water vapor. Clouds are made of water. They may be made of very small drops of water. They may also be made of snow crystals (结晶体). Snow crystals are very, very small crystals of ice. Ice is frozen water. It is a solid. There can be 7 and ice everywhere in winter. Some people think there’s 8 water on Earth. In fact, there is only enough water for us to use now. If we don’t 9 it, it will surely be used out some day. To protect water is to protect 10 . Do you think so? 1．A．birds B．trees C．fish D．life 2．A．Animals B．Plants C．People D．Food 3．A．air B．lakes C．pools D．bathrooms 4．A．highest B．hottest C．coldest D．driest 5．A．air B．sea C．river D．ice 6．A．light B．gas C．sound D．color 7．A．rain B．storm C．snow D．sunlight 8．A．little B．no C．not much D．much 9．A．drink B．save C．use D．pollute 10．A．friends B．parents C．ourselves D．teachers 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了水对生物的重要性以及水在自然界中的存在形式。 1．句意：没有水，地球上就没有生命。 birds鸟；trees树；fish鱼；life生命。根据上文“Water is very important to living things.”可知，水对生物非常重要，没有水就没有“生命”。此处使用“life”意为“生命”符合语境。故选D。 2．句意：人们也需要水。 Animals动物；Plants植物；People人们；Food食物。根据下文“We need water to drink, to cook our food and to clean ourselves.”可知，此处指“人们”在生活中需要水。此处使用“People”意为“人们”符合语境。故选C。 3．句意：在海洋、河流和湖泊中有水。 air空气；lakes湖泊；pools水池；bathrooms浴室。根据“There is water in seas, rivers and...Water is found almost everywhere.”可知，水存在于海洋、河流和“湖泊”中，到处都能够发现水。此处使用“lakes”意为“湖泊”符合语境。故选B。 4．句意：即使在世界上最干燥的地方，空气中也有一些水。 highest最高的；hottest最热的；coldest最冷的；driest最干燥的。根据“Water is found almost everywhere. Even in the...part of the world, there is some water in the air.”可知，到处都能够发现水，即使在“最干燥”的地方，空气中也有水。使用“driest”意为“最干燥的”符合语境。故选D。 5．句意：当它是空气的一部分时，你看不到或感觉不到它。 air空气；sea海洋；river河流；ice冰。根据“there is some water in the air. You cannot see or feel it when it is a part of the...”可知，水是“空气”的一部分时，看不见也摸不着。此处使用“air”意为“空气”符合语境。故选A。 6．句意：空气中的水是一种气体，我们称之为水蒸气。 light光；gas气体；sound声音；color颜色。根据“The water in the air is a...and we call it water vapor.”可知，空气中的水是“气体”，被称为水蒸气。此处使用“gas”意为“气体”符合语境。故选B。 7．句意：冬天到处都会有雪和冰。 rain雨；storm风暴；snow雪；sunlight阳光。根据“Ice is frozen water. It is a solid. There can be...and ice everywhere in winter.”可知，在冬天到处都有“雪”和冰，这是常识。此处使用“snow”意为“雪”与“ice”对应，符合冬季寒冷的语境。故选C。 8．句意：有些人认为地球上有大量的水。 little很少；no没有；not much不多；much很多。根据“In fact, there is only enough water for us to use now.”可知，有些人认为地球上有“大量、很多”的水。此处使用“much”意为“大量、很多”符合语境。故选D。 9．句意：如果我们不节约用水，总有一天它肯定会被用完。 drink喝；save节约；use使用；pollute污染。根据“it will surely be used out some day”可知，如果不“节约”用水，水总有一天会被用完。此处使用“save”意为“节约”符合语境。故选B。   10．句意：保护水就是保护我们自己。 friends朋友；parents父母；ourselves我们自己；teachers老师。根据“To protect water is to protect...”可知，句中表述保护水就是保护“我们自己”。此处使用反身代词“ourselves”意为“我们自己”符合语境。故选C。 When it rains, water falls from clouds in the sky to the ground. How does the water get into the 1 ? It is something called the water cycle (循环)． There is always water in the air, but you can’t always 2 it. It’s called water vapor. The 3 heats up water in rivers, lakes and oceans. The water 4 water vapor. It goes into the air. High in the sky, it is 5 at first. When water vapor gets cold, it becomes 6 again. You can see this 7 when you have a cold drink on a warm day. Water is on the outside of the glass. Does the glass leak (漏)? No. Water vapor in the air turns into water when it touches (接触) the cold 8 . Millions of water drops come together in the sky. They 9 clouds. Wind moves clouds. And the water vapor in clouds cools off and changes to water. Then the water 10 onto the Earth. Rain falls back into the oceans, lakes and rivers. The sun turns it into water vapor. The water cycle starts all over again. 1．A．river B．trees C．sky D．mountain 2．A．see B．smell C．look D．hear 3．A．sun B．moon C．earth D．star 4．A．comes from B．takes in C．gets into D．turns into 5．A．warm B．cold C．small D．big 6．A．rain B．cloud C．water D．snow 7．A．happen B．climb C．push D．mean 8．A．ground B．desk C．book D．glass 9．A．remain B．form C．find D．allow 10．A．drops B．fights C．leads D．discusses 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了水循环的过程，从水蒸发形成水蒸气，到水蒸气冷却凝结成云，最终降落到地面。 1．句意：水是如何进入天空的？ river河流；trees树木；sky天空；mountain山。根据“water falls from clouds in the sky”可知，水循环涉及天空，故选C。 2．句意：空气中总是有水，但你并不总能看见它。 see看见；smell闻；look看；hear听。水蒸气是看不见的，故选A。 3．句意：太阳加热河流、湖泊和海洋中的水。 sun太阳；moon月亮；earth地球；star星星。根据“heats up water in river, lakes and oceans.”及常识可知，太阳的热量提升了河流、湖泊等的温度，故选A。 4．句意：水变成水蒸气。 comes from来自；takes in吸收；gets into进入；turns into变成。根据下文“It goes into the air.”可知，水变成水蒸气，故选D。 5．句意：在高空中，起初是温暖的。 warm温暖的；cold冷的；small小的；big大的。根据“water vapor gets cold”可知，起初是温暖的，故选A。 6．句意：当水蒸气变冷时，它又变成水。 rain雨；cloud云；water水；snow雪。根据“water vapor gets cold”可知，遇冷时水蒸气变回水，故选C。 7．句意：在温暖的日子里喝冷饮时，你可以看到这种现象发生。 happen发生；climb爬；push推；mean意味着。根据“You can see this...when you have a cold drink on a warm day.”可知，是指在温暖的日子里喝冷饮时，可以看到这种情况的发生，故选A。 8．句意：当水蒸气接触到冰冷的玻璃时，它会变成水。 ground地面；desk桌子；book书；glass玻璃。根据“No, water vapor in the air turns into water when it...the cold glass.”可知，是指水蒸气碰到冰冷的玻璃就会变成水。故选D。 9．句意：它们在天空中形成云。 remain保持；form形成；find找到；allow允许。根据“Millions of water drops come together”可知，水滴聚集形成云，故选B。 10．句意：然后水落到地球上。 drops落下；fights战斗；leads引导；discusses讨论。根据“Rain falls back”可知，水从云中落下，故选A。 三、语法选择 We all know that water is important for life. But 1 water should we drink? Usually for most of us eight glasses of water every day might be OK. But when people live or work in warmer environments, they need 2 more water. That is because they lose more water than us. About 70% of our body is 3 up of water, but it cannot replenish (补充) water itself. So drinking water helps with our health. Here 4 some important things about drinking water. 1．Drink regularly (有规律地) through the day to prevent dehydration (脱水). After you get up, 55 is helpful to drink a glass of water. 1．Some people 56 have the habit of drinking regularly. They only drink 57 they are thirsty (口渴的). In fact, when we feel thirsty, 58 body is already short of water. It is too late to drink water. 1．In 59 office, keep water within reach and drink it whenever (无论何时) you see it. 60 this way, you can drink enough water. 2．A．how many B．how long C．how much D．what 3．A．drinks B．to drink C．drinking D．drank 4．A．make B．makes C．making D．made 5．A．are B．is C．were D．did 6．A．it B．this C．that D．he 7．A．aren’t B．doesn’t C．isn’t D．don’t 8．A．so B．but C．when D．before 9．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 10．A．your B．you C．we D．our 11．A．On B．In C．For D．To 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了水的重要性和喝水需要注意的事项。 1．句意：我们一天应该喝多少水？ how many多少（接可数名词）；how long多长时间；how much多少（接不可数名词）；what什么；根据“Usually for most of us eight glasses of water every day might be OK.”可知，下文说的是一天喝八杯水，说明此处问数量，且水为不可数名词。故选C。 2．句意：但是当人们在温暖的环境中生活或工作时，他们需要喝更多的水。 drinks动词三单；to drink动词不定式；drinking动名词；drank动词过去式。根据短语need to do可知此处用动词不定式。故选B。 3．句意：我们身体约70%是由水组成的，但它本身不能补充水分。 make动词原形；makes动词三单；making动名词；made动词过去式或过去分词。be made up of“由……组成”。故选D。 4．句意：以下是关于饮用水的一些重要事项。 are是；is是；were是（过去式）；did（助动词用在一般过去时）。根据“here is/ are”表示“这是……”。根据就近原则，some things为复数，故用here are。故选A。 5．句意：起床后喝杯水是有益的。 it它；this这个；that那个；he他。根据句式分析为it作形式主语。故选A。 6．句意：有些人没有经常喝水的习惯。 aren’t不是；doesn’t助动词的否定形式；isn’t不是；don’t助动词的否定形式。根据“have the habit”可知是动词短语的否定形式，且主语为people，故选C。 7．句意：他们只有在口渴的时候才喝水。 so所以；but但是；when当；before在……前。前文“他们没有规律地喝水的习惯”可知，他们喝水只是在口渴时才喝，故用when表示“当……时候”。故选C。 8．句意：事实上，当我们感到口渴的时候，身体已经缺水了。 a泛指一个；an泛指一个（接元音音素开头的词）；the定冠词表特指。根据前文已经提到过身体，可知此处用the表示前文已经提到的。故选C。 9．句意：在你的办公室里，把水放在触手可及的地方，看到水就喝。 your你的；you你；we我的；our我们的。根据从句“whenever you see it”可知是在“你的办公室”。故选A。 Tea is one of 1 drinks in China. And there are many different kinds of tea. People in China have grown tea for 2 years. Thanks to a man 3 Lu Yu, people all over China started enjoying tea as a drink. Lu Yu 4 studied the art of making tea and he wanted to share his knowledge 5 others. Nowadays most people know the story about Dragon Well green tea. This tea comes from the Chinese village of Dragon Well, not far from Hangzhou. Nearly 2000 years ago, the village had many months with no rain. All of the crops were dying and the farmers were very worried. Then a man 6 a dragon in a well. He asked the dragon 7 out of the well. 8 the dragon came out, it began to rain and the crops were saved. People now call the tea from that area, “Dragon Well tea”. People in the UK, the USA and Australia drink tea 9 but most people there like tea with sugar. According to doctors, green tea is very good 10 you. You should drink some every day. Do you? 1．A．most popular B．the most popular C．more popular D．popular 2．A．thousand of B．thousands C．thousands of D．a thousand of 3．A．call B．calling C．called D．was called 4．A．care B．careful C．more careful D．carefully 5．A．with B．to C．for D．at 6．A．find B．found C．finding D．to find 7．A．get B．got C．getting D．to get 8．A．As soon as B．If C．When D．Because 9．A．too B．also C．as well D．either 10．A．at B．for C．with D．to 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了茶是中国最受欢迎的饮品之一，中国人种茶历史悠久，因陆羽推广人们开始饮茶，还讲述龙井茶的传说，以及英、美、澳等国人的饮茶习惯。 1．句意：茶在中国是最受欢迎的饮品之一。 most popular最受欢迎的；the most popular最受欢迎的；more popular更受欢迎的；popular受欢迎的。“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“……之一”，固定搭配，要用形容词最高级the most popular。故选B。 2．句意：中国人种植茶已经有数千年历史了。 thousand of错误表达；thousands数千；thousands of数以千计的；a thousand of错误表达，正确表达为a thousand。根据“People in China have grown tea for ... years.”可知，此处应指中国人种植茶有数千年历史，表示概数用thousands of。故选C。 3．句意：多亏了一个叫陆羽的人，全中国的人开始把茶当作饮品。 call称呼，动词原形；calling动名词/现在分词；called过去分词；was called一般过去时的被动语态。根据“Thanks to a man ... Lu Yu”可知，此处应指一个叫陆羽的人，要用过去分词called作后置定语，修饰a man。故选C。 4．句意：陆羽仔细地研究制茶工艺并且他想和其他人分享他的知识。 care关心；careful仔细的；more careful更仔细的；carefully仔细地。根据“Lu Yu ... studied the art of making tea”可知，此处修饰动词studied，要用副词carefully。故选D。 5．句意：陆羽仔细地研究制茶工艺并且他想和其他人分享他的知识。 with和……一起；to向；for为了；at在。share sth. with sb.“和某人分享某物”，固定搭配，要用with。故选A。 6．句意：然后一个人在井里发现了一条龙。 find发现，动词原形；found过去式；finding动名词/现在分词；to find动词不定式。根据“Nearly 2000 years ago”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，谓语动词要用过去式，find的过去式为found。故选B。 7．句意：他请求龙从井里出来。 get得到，动词原形；got过去式；getting动名词/现在分词；to get动词不定式。ask sb. to do sth.“请求某人做某事”，固定搭配，此处要用动词不定式。故选D。 8．句意：龙一出来，天开始下雨，庄稼得救了。 As soon as一……就……；If如果；When当……时；Because因为。根据“... the dragon came out, it began to rain and the crops were saved.”可知，此处应指龙一出来，天就开始下雨，要用As soon as引导时间状语从句。故选A。 9．句意：英国、美国和澳大利亚的人也喝茶，但那里大多数人喜欢加糖的茶。 too也，用于肯定句句末，用逗号和前面隔开；also也，用于句中；as well也，用于肯定句句末，通常不用逗号隔开；either也，用于否定句句末。根据“People in the UK, the USA and Australia drink tea ...”可知，此处用于肯定句句末，且不用逗号隔开，要用as well。故选C。 10．句意：根据医生所说，绿茶对你健康非常有益。 at在；for对于；with和……一起；to向。be good for“对……有好处”，固定搭配，要用for。故选B。 The Earth is our home. We must take care of it. Life today is easier than it was 1 years ago, but it has brought some new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution. We can see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it. Pollution problems 2 more and more serious now. There are many kinds of pollution around us such as air pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution and light pollution. They are bad 3 our health in many ways. Air pollution from industry and cars is 4 to our environment, which can cause sore eyes and breathing problems. People throw away 5 rubbish. Rubbish is everywhere. It makes the environment 6 . Noise pollution is also around us, so it’s difficult for 7 to study or work well. People may even lose their hearing 8 they work in a noisy place for a long time. Too much noise can cause high blood pressure (高血压) 9 . We have only one Earth. The pollution problems are 10 serious that we should act now to protect the environment. Let’s start out small and make our home more and more beautiful. 1．A．hundred B．hundreds of C．hundred of D．hundreds 2．A．are becoming B．will become C．became D．becomes 3．A．to B．in C．for D．of 4．A．harm B．harmless C．harms D．harmful 5．A．a lot B．lot of C．lots of D．lots 6．A．dirt B．dirty C．dirtily D．dirtiest 7．A．we B．us C．our D．ourselves 8．A．before B．after C．if D．while 9．A．also B．neither C．either D．as well 10．A．very B．quite C．much D．so 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．D 【导语】本文主要讲了现如今的环境污染问题，呼吁人们保护环境。 1．句意：今天的生活比几百年前更容易，但它也带来了一些新的问题。 hundred百；hundreds of数以百计的；hundred of错误搭配；hundreds百的复数。根据“it was ... years ago”可知，用hundreds of表概数，故选B。 2．句意：污染问题现在变得越来越严重。 are becoming现在进行时；will become一般将来时；became动词过去式；becomes动词第三人称单数形式。根据“now”可知用现在进行时，结构为“am/is/are+动词现在分词”，主语为“Pollution problems”，be动词用are，故选A。 3．句意：他们在许多方面对我们的健康有害。 to朝；in在……里面；for对于；of……的。be bad for意为“对……有害”，故选C。 4．句意：来自工业和汽车的空气污染对我们的环境是有害的，这可以引起眼睛疼痛和呼吸问题。 harm损害，动词原形或名词；harmless无害的，形容词；harms损害，动词第三人称单数形式；harmful有害的，形容词。is后接形容词作表语，be harmful to意为“对……有害”，故选D。 5．句意：人们扔掉许多垃圾。 a lot许多；lot of错误搭配；lots of许多；lots许多。a lot of=lots of“许多”，可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。故选C。 6．句意：它使环境变得很脏。 dirt灰尘，名词；dirty脏的，形容词；dirtily脏地，副词；dirtiest最脏的，形容词最高级。make sth.+adj.意为“使某物变得……”，此处无比较之意，所以用形容词原级，故选B。 7．句意：噪音污染也在我们身边，所以我们很难好好学习或工作。 we我们，人称代词主格；us我们，人称代词宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ourselves我们自己，反身代词。for后用人称代词宾格us。故选B。 8．句意：如果人们在一个嘈杂的地方工作很长一段时间，他们甚至可能失去他们的听力。 before在……之前；after在……之后；if如果；while当……时。“他们在一个嘈杂的地方工作很长一段时间”是“甚至可能失去他们的听力”的条件，所以用if引导条件状语从句，故选C。 9．句意：太多的噪音也会导致高血压。 also也，置于句中；neither两者都不；either也，用于否定句；as well也，置于句末。空格位于句末且句子是肯定句，用as well，故选D。 10．句意：污染问题是如此严重，我们现在应该采取行动来保护环境。 very非常；quite相当；much非常；so如此。so...that意为“如此……以致于”，引导结果状语从句，故选D。 四、阅读理解 Let’s do this experiment (实验) to see how rain forms. You will need the objects (物件): a glass jar (罐), hot water, a plate and ice cubes (冰块). What happens in the jar? Hot water makes warm, wet air called steam (水蒸气). Steam rises up to the cold plate. The cold air near the plate changes warm steam into water. Then heavy drops of water fall. What happens in the sky? The sun heats (加热) the water. The warm, wet air rises up into the sky. If the warm, wet air meets the cold air, rain clouds will form. When the clouds have enough water, the drops fall to the ground as rain. 1．Which of the following is the right order of using the objects in the experiment? ①a plate     ②a glass jar     ③ice cubes     ④hot water A．②①③④ B．④①②③ C．②④①③ D．①③②④ 2．How long does it take to see raindrops in this experiment? A．About five minutes. B．About ten minutes. C．About fifteen minutes. D．About twenty minutes. 3．From the text we can know the drops of water in the experiment ________. A．come from the melting ice cubes B．come from the warm steam C．come from the rain clouds D．come from the cold air 4．Which of the following should be put into ________? A．cloud B．snow C．wind D．water 5．In which class will you probably do this experiment? A．History. B．Chinese. C．Math. D．Geography. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一个关于模拟雨形成的实验，介绍了实验所需物品、实验中罐内发生的现象以及天空中雨形成的原理。 1．第一段提到“You will need the objects (物件): a glass jar (罐), hot water, a plate and ice cubes (冰块).”，结合实验步骤，正确的使用顺序应该是先准备一个玻璃罐，即②；再往罐里加入热水，即④；然后放上盘子，即①；最后在盘子上放冰块，即③。 2．根据“Cover the jar with a plate. Wait 5 minutes.” “Put ice cubes on the plate. Wait 15 minutes.”可知，实验观察到雨滴需等待约20分钟。 3．第二段提到“Hot water makes warm, wet air called steam (水蒸气). Steam rises up to the cold plate. The cold air near the plate changes warm steam into water. Then heavy drops of water fall.”，说明实验中的水滴来自温暖的蒸汽。 4．第三段提到“If the warm, wet air meets the cold air, rain clouds will form. When the clouds have enough water, the drops fall to the ground as rain.”，结合前文实验中蒸汽遇冷形成水滴类似天空中雨形成原理，这里应该是说实验模拟的类似天空中云（cloud）的形成过程。 5．文章主要围绕模拟雨形成的实验展开，涉及到自然现象中雨的形成原理，在地理学科中会涉及到此类自然现象的学习，所以可能会在地理课（Geography）上做这个实验。 Rivers are one of our most important natural resources. Many of the world’s great cities are located on rivers, and almost every country has at least one river flowing through it that plays an important part in the lives of its people. Since the beginning of history, people have used rivers for transportation. The longest one in the United States is the Mississippi. The lifeline of Egypt is the Nile. To the people of India, the Ganges is great, but it is also important for transportation; ships can travel along it for a thousand miles. Other great rivers are the Congo in Africa and the Mekong in Southeast Asia. The greatest of all for navigation, however, is the Amazon in Brazil. It is so wide and so deep that large ships can go about two thousand miles upon it. Besides transportation, rivers give food, water to drink, water for crops, and chances for fun for the people who live along their banks. In order to increase the supply of water for crops, engineers sometimes build a dam across a river and let a lake form behind the dam. Then people can use the water not only to grow crops but also to make electricity for their homes and industries. However, large cities and industries located upon rivers often make problems. As the cities grow in size and industries increase in number, the water in the rivers becomes polluted with chemicals and other materials. However, people are learning the importance of doing more to keep their rivers clean if they want to enjoy the benefits of this natural resource. 1．The greatest river for navigation is ________. A．the Amazon B．the Nile C．the Mexico D．the Mississippi 2．Which of the following is WRONG? A．The Nile is in India. B．Almost every country has at least one important river. C．Many cities are located near rivers. D．Rivers play an important part in the lives of people. 3．From a dam, people can use the water for ________. A．keeping the rivers clean B．only making electricity C．washing clothes D．irrigation and making electricity 4．The water in the river is polluted because ________. A．people drink too much water B．people swim in the river C．people build a dam across a river D．there are chemicals and other materials 5．The best title of the passage is ________. A．Rivers in Cities B．The Importance of Rivers C．Natural Resources D．Transportation 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了河流作为重要自然资源的相关情况，包括河流对城市位置、交通、生活等多方面的重要作用，以及河流面临的污染问题和人们为保护河流的认识，强调了河流的重要性。 1．第二段提到：“The greatest of all for navigation, however, is the Amazon in Brazil. It is so wide and so deep that large ships can go about two thousand miles upon it.”，说明对于航行来说最伟大的河流是亚马逊河。 2．第一段提到“The lifeline of Egypt is the Nile.”，说明尼罗河在埃及，而不是印度，A选项错误。 3．第三段提到：“In order to increase the supply of water for crops, engineers sometimes build a dam across a river and let a lake form behind the dam. Then people can use the water not only to grow crops but also to make electricity for their homes and industries.”，说明从大坝人们可以用水来灌溉（grow crops即灌溉）和发电。 4．第四段提到：“As the cities grow in size and industries increase in number, the water in the rivers becomes polluted with chemicals and other materials.”，说明河水被污染是因为有化学物质和其他材料。 5．文章整体围绕河流的重要性展开，从河流对城市、交通、生活等方面的重要性以及面临的问题等方面进行阐述，B选项“The Importance of Rivers”符合文章主旨。 Do you know the saying “the quiet before the storm (暴风雨)”? It means a quiet time before a busy or hard time comes. People found that just before a storm the sea and the air would be very quiet. Soon, the clouds would get together and they’d hear the first thunder (雷声). How does this develop? Let’s see the science behind it! Warm air goes up. Warm air is lighter than the cool air around it. Just before a storm, warm air near the ground begins to go up quickly. Low pressure (低气压) forms. As the warm air goes up, taking away a lot of energy (能量), it makes a low pressure area (区域) form near the ground. Clouds get together. At the same time, high up in the sky, the warm air is cooling and getting together to become clouds. These clouds go on to get together, getting heavy and dark. Storm comes. At last, this get-together of energy in the air makes the storm itself. The quiet ends as rain, wind, and thunder come. Remember, this quiet doesn’t last long. A big storm may be coming very soon. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What did people find just before a storm? A．The sea would be deep. B．The rain would be heavy. C．The clouds would get together. D．The wind would be strong. 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指的是)? A．The air. B．The wind. C．The quiet. D．The cloud. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Warm air is heavier than the cool air. B．Clouds get together and become light. C．The quiet before the storm lasts for a long time. D．Low pressure forms near the ground before a storm. 4．From the text, which picture can show how the storm happens? A． B． C． D． 5．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Moving of Warm Air. B．The Quiet Before the Storm. C．The Coming of the Storm. D．The Get-together of the Clouds. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了暴风雨来临前的天气变化。 1．文章中：“the clouds would get together”指出，人们发现云会聚集起来。 2．文章中：“People found that just before a storm the sea and the air would be very quiet. Soon, the clouds would get together and they’d hear the first thunder.”表明，it指的是暴风雨来之前的宁静。 3．文章中：“it makes a low pressure area form near the ground”指出，近地面形成低气压。 4．文章中：“warm air near the ground begins to go up quickly”指出，热空气上升，只有B项符合。 5．通读全文可知这篇文章介绍了暴风雨来临之前的宁静。 You may have heard the saying “The Yangtze River is China’s mother river”. It’s almost 6,400 kilometres long. As the world’s third-longest river, it covers one-fifth of China’s land area. The Yangtze River Economic Zone (长江经济带) covers eleven provinces and cities, making up about 40 percent of China’s total population and GDP. On December 26, China passed the Yangtze River Protection Law, which came into force on March 1, 2021. It is the first law to protect a waterway in China. The mother river is in great need of protection because something is wrong with it. For example, because of overfishing and water pollution, the river’s Chinese paddlefish has died out there. There’s also desertified land and soil pollution near the river. According to the law, fishing will not be allowed in all of the Yangtze’s natural waterways, including its major tributaries (支流) and lakes. Those who are caught fishing will be fined (罚款) 50,000 to 500,000 yuan. Digging sand will be strictly limited (限制) in the river. Many companies are digging sand along the river. However, this has led to lower water levels on the river, which has caused the river’s water quality to decline. Companies and factories along the river will need to focus on green development. If their activities do harm to the waterways, they will be moved away, the law says. 1．What does the first paragraph tell us about the Yangtze River? A．How old it is. B．Why it’s important. C．What problems it has. D．Where it joins the sea. 2．What does Paragraph 3 explain? A．Why the river needs protection. B．How the river is being polluted. C．When Chinese paddlefish died out. D．How the river will be protected. 3．What does the underlined word “decline” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Become better. B．Become worse. C．Be hard to test. D．Be easy to control. 4．According to the passage, which of the following is true about protecting the river? A．People can’t fish in the river’s major tributaries. B．Digging sand will not be allowed in the river anymore. C．Companies along the river will be moved to other places. D．Anyone who causes pollution will be fined at least 50,000 yuan. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了长江作为中国“母亲河”的重要地位，以及它目前面临的生态问题，为了保护这条重要的水道，中国颁布了首部水道保护法 ——《长江保护法》，并详细说明了该法律的主要措施。 1．主旨大意题。根据“The Yangtze River is China’s mother river”以及“It’s almost 6,400 kilometres long. As the world’s third-longest river, it covers one-fifth of China’s land area. The Yangtze River Economic Zone (长江经济带) covers eleven provinces and cities, making up about 40 percent of China’s total population and GDP.”可知，本段主要讲述了长江为什么重要。故选B。 2．主旨大意题。根据“The mother river is in great need of protection because something is wrong with it.”并举例说明过度捕捞和水污染导致白鲟灭绝，还有土地沙化和土壤污染等问题可知，此处解释了长江需要保护的原因。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Digging sand will be strictly limited... this has led to lower water levels on the river, which has caused the river’s water quality to decline.”可知，采砂导致河流水位降低，进而影响水质，水位降低通常会使水质变差，“decline”在这里的意思是“变差”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“According to the law, fishing will not be allowed in all of the Yangtze’s natural waterways, including its major tributaries...”可知，在长江的主要支流也不允许捕鱼，A项正确。故选A。 Everyone knows water is important to all living things. But water is becoming less and less today. Here are some interesting facts about water. And we all should know what we do with the water problems. Facts about water Without water, the Earth would look like the Moon. People can live several days without food, but only a few days without water. Scientists say 70% of the human body is made up of water. Water makes up 83% of our blood, 70% of our brain，and 90% of our lungs (肺). About 95% of a tomato is water, and about 80% of an apple is water. ______. Keep a shower only in 10 minutes. It helps save much water. Use a broom to sweep the floor, the stair, the garage (车库), or the road instead of water. Never throw your used water away. Instead, you can use some to water plants or run the toilets. Use a bucket (桶) of water to wash your bike or the family car instead of water pipes. Use water only when you need it. Don’t leave water running. Be sure to turn the tap off when you are not using it. 1．Why does the writer tell us the facts about water first? A．To let us know many things need water. B．To let us learn some knowledge. C．To show he knows much. D．To tell us how important water is. 2．Which of the following can be put into the blank? A．Ways to help with the water problems. B．Different ways to use water. C．Some terrible water problems. D．Drink much water every day. 3．Which can NOT help to save water? A．Taking a shower for 7 minutes. B．Using water pipes to wash your car. C．Using the used water to water plants. D．Using water only when you need it. 4．What does the passage want us to do? A．To drink healthy water. B．To save water. C．To use much water. D．To find fresh water. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了水的重要性、水在人体和自然界中的组成比例，以及如何节约用水的具体方法。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“Without water, the Earth would look like the Moon.”以及“People can live several days without food, but only a few days without water.”可知，作者通过列举这些事实是为了说明水的重要性。故选D。 2．推理判断题。空白处前文列举了水在人体和食物中的比例，后文则开始介绍节约用水的方法。因此，空白处应是一个过渡句，将话题从水的重要性转向如何应对水问题。 故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文中“Use a bucket of water to wash your bike or the family car instead of water pipes.”可知，使用水管洗车会浪费水。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。文章最后部分列举了多种节约用水的方法，如缩短洗澡时间、用扫帚清洁、重复利用水等，旨在呼吁读者节约用水。故选B。 五、任务型阅读 Water: The Lifeline of Our Planet Water is the essence of life on Earth. It covers a large part of our planet and is involved in almost every aspect of our lives. In nature, water exists in various forms, such as liquid, solid, and gas. The water cycle is a continuous process that ensures the distribution of water around the world. It starts with evaporation, where water from oceans, lakes, and rivers turns into vapor and rises into the atmosphere. Then, it condenses to form clouds. When the clouds become heavy enough, water falls back to the ground as precipitation, like rain or snow. Water is vital for all living organisms. In the human body, water makes up a significant portion of our weight. It helps with digestion, transportation of nutrients, and regulation of body temperature. For example, when we exercise, we sweat, and water in our bodies helps to cool us down. If we don’t replenish the lost water by drinking, we can become dehydrated, which can cause various health problems. In the environment, water is home to a diverse range of plants and animals. Rivers, lakes, and oceans are ecosystems that support countless species. Some animals, like fish, depend entirely on water for survival. Water also helps in the growth of plants. It transports nutrients from the soil to different parts of the plant, enabling it to grow and thrive. However, water faces many threats today. Pollution from factories, agricultural runoff, and human waste is contaminating water sources. This not only affects the quality of water but also endangers the lives of those who depend on it. Additionally, over-consumption of water in some areas is leading to water shortages. 1．What are the three forms of water in nature? 2．How does water help in the human body during exercise? 3．What are the main threats to water according to the passage? 4．In your opinion, what can schools do to raise students’ awareness of water conservation? Please list at least two measures and explain them. 【答案】1．Liquid, solid, and gas. 2．When we exercise, water in our bodies helps to cool us down. 3．Pollution from factories, agricultural runoff, and human waste, and over-consumption of water in some areas. 4．Schools can organize water-saving themed lectures to let students know the importance of water conservation. Also, they can hold practical activities like finding and repairing water leaks in school, making students practice water-saving. (本题答案不唯一，合理正确即可) 【导语】本文介绍了水是地球生命的命脉，阐述其在自然界以液态、固态、气态存在，参与水循环。 1．根据“In nature, water exists in various forms, such as liquid, solid, and gas.”可知，自然界中，水以多种形态存在，如液态、固态和气态。故填Liquid, solid, and gas. 2．根据“For example, when we exercise, we sweat, and water in our bodies helps to cool us down.”可知，运动时我们会出汗，身体里的水帮助我们降温。故填When we exercise, water in our bodies helps to cool us down. 3．根据“Pollution from factories, agricultural runoff, and human waste is contaminating water sources... over-consumption of water in some areas is leading to water shortages.”可知，工厂污染、农业径流和人类废弃物污染水源等，从而导致部分地区过度用水导致水资源短缺。故填Pollution from factories, agricultural runoff, and human waste, and over-consumption of water in some areas. 4．本题答案不唯一，合理正确即可。故填Schools can organize water-saving themed lectures to let students know the importance of water conservation. Also, they can hold practical activities like finding and repairing water leaks in school, making students practice water-saving. 六、书面表达 1．假定你是李辉。你是学校环保社团的一员，最近你看到一些环境污染的相关报道后，决定写一篇英文倡议信，号召大家一起保护地球，要点如下： 1. 污染问题； 2.保护措施； 3.表达倡议。 要求：1.词数80左右，开头已为你写好，不计入总词数； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.倡议信中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 Dear friends, As we know, the Earth is our home and it is facing many problems now. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Dear friends, As we know, the Earth is our home and it is facing many problems now. There are different kinds of pollution. We can’t live better if the environment on the Earth is damaged. So it’s everyone’s duty to protect the environment. How can we protect our environment? We can keep our environment by doing small things, such as turning off the dripping taps, not throwing away rubbish everywhere, switching off the lights when leaving the rooms and going to school instead of taking a car etc. Now, everybody, let’s take actions to protect our environment. Protecting the environment is protecting ourselves. I hope everybody can do something for our environment. Thank you for your listening. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇倡议信； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，要求根据提示信息写一封倡议信，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍地球面临的污染问题； 第二步，具体阐述如何保护地球； 第三步，倡议大家采取行动来保护环境； 第四部，书写结语。 [亮点词汇] ①different kinds of不同种类的 ②such as例如 ③instead of而不是 [高分句型] ①We can’t live better if the environment on the Earth is damaged.（if引导的条件状语从句） ②I hope everybody can do something for our environment.（省略that的宾语从句） 1．水是我们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分，地球上的一切生物都离不开水，但是世界上很多地区已经处于严重缺水的状态。请根据下面表格的提示，以“How to save water”为题，写一篇不少于70 词的英语文章，可适当发挥。 水的重要性 生物生存离不开水；水对于生产(production) 很重要。 节约用水的具体方法 关掉水龙头；使用用过的水灌溉植物。 How to save water _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 How to save water We all know living things on the Earth cannot live without water. Water is very important to production. So it is very valuable. But how should we save water in our daily life? First, turn off the tap when you don’t use water. For example, when you're brushing your teeth, you can turn off the tap. Next, use the used water to water plants. It can not only help save water but also be good for plants. Finally, have a shower instead of a bath because having a bath usually wastes a lot of water. 【详解】［总体分析］ ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文。 ②时态：主要为“一般现在时”。 ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏题目要求中每一项内容，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。还要注意是否出现语法错误，有无重复遗漏，大小写是否正确，词数是否符合要求等。 ［写作步骤］​ 第一步，开头通过说明水对生物和生产的重要性，强调其珍贵性，引出日常生活中如何节约用水这一核心话题，为下文介绍具体方法做铺垫。​ 第二步，依次介绍日常生活中节约用水的三种方法，每种方法都结合具体场景或原因进行说明。​ ［亮点词汇］​ ①living things 生物​ ②on the Earth 地球上​ ③have a bath 泡澡​ ④instead of 代替​​​ ［高分句型］ ①We all know living things on the Earth cannot live without water.（宾语从句） ②For example, when you’re brushing your teeth, you can turn off the tap.（when引导的时间状语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $