内容正文:
清单04
形容词和副词
ABC
(解题必备+易混易错)
形容词
(一)形容词的位置及用法
说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态,用来修饰名词或复合不定代词的词叫作形容词。
形容词作定语,一般放在所修饰的名词前,复合不定代词后。
Ilove
例:
He speaks excellent English.
English!
(他英语说得棒极了。)
o I have something interesting to tell you.
(我有些有趣的事情要告诉你。)
2
形容词作表语,放在系动词后。
例:
You'll feel comfortable after a good night's sleep.
(你晚上睡个好觉就会觉得很舒服。)
3.
形容词作宾语补足语,与make,leave,keep,
think,find等动词连用,放在宾语后。
例:
Leave the door open,please
(请把门开着。)
o The noise was keeping everyone awake.
(喧闹声吵得大家都睡不着。)
B
清单04形容词和副词
(解题必备+易混易错)
形容词
(二)形容词的其他用法
“the+形容词”泛指一类人或物,
作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
例句
The rich are not always happy
有钱人不一定总是快乐的。
v.-ig式的形容词表示“令人.…的”,主语多为事物;
V.-ed式的形容词表示“感到.”,
主语一般为人。
v.-ing式(令人.的)
v.-ed式(感到.…)
例词
配图
例词
配图
interesting
interested
令人感兴趣的
感到感兴趣的
exciting
excited
令人兴奋的
感到兴奋的
boring
bored
令人厌烦的
感到厌烦的
清单04形容词和副词
A
(解题必备+易混易错)】
副词
(一)副词的用法
副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、整个句子或其他结构,
在句中作状语、表语、定语和宾语补足语。
Unluckily,their candle was put out
状语:
and they got lost in the dark.
(倒霉的是,他们的蜡烛熄灭了,
他们在黑暗中迷失了方向。)
People here live a better life
定语:
than before.
命品
(这儿的人们过着比以前更好的生活。)
I must be off soon.
表语:
(我很快就得离开这里。)
I'm happy to see you back.
宾补:
(看到你回来我很高兴。)
清单04形溶词和副词(解题必备+易混易错】
★副词
(二)
副词的分类
副词种类
例词
例句
时间副词
today,later,early,
I lay on a beach and enjoyed the sunshine yesterday.
soon,now,ago,
(昨天,我躺在海滩上晒太阳。)
then,tomorrow,
e
The museum is open daily throughout the year.
once,daily等
(这个博物馆一年到头每天都开放。)
地点副词
ahead,here,there,
●
Can you help to carry this table upstairs?
out,home,
(你能帮忙把桌子搬到楼上去吗?)
somewhere,outside,
●
The boy read quietly over there all afternoon.
above,upstairs等
(这男孩整个下午都在那儿静静地看书。)
程度副词
very,much,enough,
●
Canada is even larger than the United States.
rather,almost,even,
(加拿大甚至比美国还大。)
just,quite,still,
●
She fell and hurt her leg rather badly.
pretty等
(她跌倒了,腿伤得相当严重。)
”到词
Time goes by quickly.(时间过得很快。)
well,nervously,sadly,
slowly,carefully等
●1
The boy slowly walked into his teacher's office.
(男孩慢慢地走进老师的办公室。)
频度副词
always,usually,often,
Business is usually quieter at this time of year.
00
sometimes,seldom,
(每年这个时节,生意往往比较冷清。)
never,ever等
I sometimes climb mountains with my old friends.
(我有时跟老朋友一起去爬山。)
疑问副词(短语)
where,how,why,
Where do you live?(你住在哪儿?)
when,how often,
How was your trip down to Orlando?
how far等
(你的奥兰多之行怎么样?)
连接副词
I don't know the reason why he didn't come to the
when,where,how,
海
meeting yesterday.
besides,moreover,
(我不知道他昨天为什么没来开会。)
otherwise,then等
Life was harder then because neither of us had a job.
(那时生活比较艰苦,因为我们俩都没有工作。)
清单04形容词和副词
(解题必备+易混易错)
形容词和副词的比较等级
(一)形容词,副词的规侧变化
分类
构成规则
原级
比较级
最高级
一般加-er,-est
tall
taller
tallest
large
larger
largest
以不发音字母e结尾的直接加-r,-st
simple
simpler
simplest
章
hot
hotter
hottest
单音节及
以重读闭音节结尾且结尾只有
部分双音节
一个辅音字母的,双写末尾的
sad
sadder
saddest
辅音字母再加-er,-est
big
bigger
biggest
以辅音字母加y结尾的,
early
earlier
earliest
变y为i再加-er,-est
happy
happier
happiest
clever
cleverer
cleverest
少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词
在末尾加-er,-est
narrow
narrower
narrowest
部分双音节
important
more important
most important
在单词前面加more,most
和多音节
outgoing
more outgoing
most outgoing
小贴士
比较级用于两者之间的比较,最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较。
清单04
形容词和副词(解题必备+易混易错)
形容词和副词的比较等级
(二)形容词、副词的不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
ill/bad/badly
worse
worst
因
many/much
more
most
little
less
least
farther
farthest
far
further
furthest
(三)原级、比较级、最高级的标志词
原级:very,quite,too,so,rather,pretty等。
比较级:-er+than;修饰词:much,even,a little,
any,far,alot,abit等。
3
最高级:of all,in+范围,ofus/you/them three(four,five.)等。
2
3
清单04形容词和副词(解题必备+易混易错)
形容词和副词的比较等级
(四)用法1:原级&比较级
1.原级
(1)
A和B一样。
句型:A+V.+as原级asB.
例:Lily is as tall as Lucy.(Lily和Lucy一样高。)
He runs as fast as his brother.(他和他哥哥跑得一样快。)
(2)
A不如B
句型:A+V.+not as原级asB.=A+v.+not so原级asB.
例:Lily isn't as tall as Lucy.(Lily设有lucy高。)
He doesn't run as fast as his brother..(他没有他哥哥跑得快。)
(3)
A是B的..倍
(一倍once,
句型:A+V.+倍数as原级asB.
两倍twice,
例:Our school is twice as large as theirs.
三倍及以上
(我们学校是他们学校的两倍大。)
×2
基数词+times)
我们学校
他们学校
2.比较级
(两者比较)
句型:A+v.+比较级than B.
(1)
A比B.
例:Mary's hair is longer than mine.
(Mary的头发比我的长。)
Tom studies harder than Jack.
(Tom学习比Jack努力。)
(2)
A不如B.
句型:A+v.+Iess多音节原级than B.
(多音节词)
例:Tom is less outgoing than Jack.
(Tom没有Jack外向。)
(3)
越来越.…
句型:比较级and比较级或more and more+原级
Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
(我们的祖国正变得越来越强大。)
Our city is becoming more and more beautiful.
(我们的城市正变得越来越美丽。)
ABC
清单04形容词和副词(解题必备+易混易错)
形容词和副词的比较等级
(四)
用法2:比较级&最高级
2.比较级(续】
(④
越..…越.
句型:The比较级+主语+谓语,the比较级+主语+谓语。
例:
The more carefully you study,the fewer mistakes you'll make
(你越认真学习,你出错就越少。)
5
两个中更.…的一个
句型:the比较级of the two/twins
例:She is the taller of the two girls.
(她是两个女孩中较高的那个。)
(6
哪一个/谁更..?
句型:Which/Who.比较级,AorB?
Math
Which book is newer,the English book or the math book?
60
A
(哪本书更新一些,英语书还是数学书?)
3.最高级(三者及以上比较)
.中最…
句型:A+v.the最高级+n.in/of/among..
例:He is the youngest boy of the three..
(他是三个男孩中年龄最小的。)
(2
.中最.…之
句型:one of the最高级+n.(pl.)
Sally is one of the most popular students in our class.
(Sally是我们班最受欢迎的学生之一。)
(3
第二最…的
句型:the second+最高级+n.
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
(黄河是中国第二长河。)
小提示:
比较级用于两者比较,最高级用于三者及以上比较,记住句型,灵活运用,考试更轻松!
清单04形容词和副词(解题必备+易混易错)
形容词和副词的比较等级
(四)用法3:最高级&特殊用法
3.最高级(续)
(4)用比较级表示最高级
句型:主语+v.比较级than any other+n.(单数)+in范围=
主语+v.比较级than the other+n.(pl,)+in范围。
例:
He runs faster than any other boy in his class.
He runs faster than the other boys in his class.
(他比班上其他男孩跑得都快。)
(5)哪一个/谁最…?
句型:Which./Who…the+最高级,A,BorC?
例::
Who gets up the earliest in your family,your mother,
your father or you?
(你们家谁起床最早,你妈妈、你爸爸还是你?)
特殊用法
比较天气和人口时用that.
例::The weather in Zhengzhou is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter
(郑州冬天的天气比广州冷。)
The population of Henan is larger than that of Xinjiang.(河南人口比新疆多。)
②a/an+比较级表示“又一/再一/更…的”。
Lily has a doll,but she wants a bigger one.
(莉莉有个玩具娃娃,但是她想要一个更大的。)