清单01 名词、代词、数词及主谓一致（解题必备+易混易错）（图文版知识清单）2026年中考英语终极冲刺讲练测

ABC 清单01名词、代词、数词及主谓一致 (解题必备+易混易错) 名词的数（可数名词复数规则变化）】 ★可数名词复数规则变化表★ 情况 构成方法 读音 示例 配图 清辅音后/s/;浊辅音/元音 cake→cakes; 一般情况 加-s 后/z;t后/ts;d后/dz/ game→games; pet→pets bus→ouses; S,X,sh,ch结尾 加-es /1z/ box→boxes; brush→orushes wife→wives; f/fe结尾 变f/fe为v+es Ivzl knife→knives; leaf→leaves hero→neroes; o结尾（有生命） 加-es(初中3个) 1z/ tomato→tomatoes; potato→ootatoes 0结尾（无生命）》 加-5 /21 Z00→Z00S; photo→ohotos baby→pabies; 辅音字母+y结尾 变y为i+es /z/ story-→stories 元音字母+y结尾 加-5 1z/ boy-boys; monkey→monkeys 复数变化口诀 cake bus knife 名词复数有规律，一般词尾加-5； →cakes >buses →knives 辅音字母++y型，变y为i加-es; ch,sh,5,x真有趣，全部都加-es; f,fe真小气，字母v来把它替，-es在后别忘记； 字母o真神奇，有生命加-es,没有生命加-5。 清单01 名词、代词、数词及主谓一致 (解题必备+易混易错) 1. 不规则变化 man→men woman-women foot→feet tooth→teeth fish-→fish sheep→sheep deer→deer Chinese→Chinese Japanese-Japanese mouse→mice child--→children 注意： 3. 集合名词 ·前为man/woman:前后都变复数 单复同形（强调整体用单数，强调成员用复数）： (woman doctor-→vomen doctors)） family,team,class The team is a good group..(整体) ·其他情况：仅后变复数 The team are training hard.(成员) (girl student-girl students) ●永远复数：people,police (不与a/an连用，调语用复数) The police are looking for the thief. 常以复数出现的名词 noodles shoes socks trousers glasses 清单01 名词、代词、数词及主谓 一致 (解题必备+易混易错) 名词的数（不可数名词） ①不可数名词分类 物质名词（饮食） milk water tea honey beef rice bread coffee 物质名词（材料） 人 metal silk oil paper glass gold cotton e 物质名词（自然） air wind light sunshine rain snow ice weather 抽象名词 beauty wealth music knowledge patience courage friendship love ②不可数名词量的表示 3 可数/不可数同形词 具体的量：数词+表数量的名词+of+不可数名词 名词 可数（含义） 不可数（含义） three glasses of milk;two bottles of water experience 经历 经验 work 作品 工作 大概的量：some,a lot of,much+不可数名词 time 次数；倍数 时间 some money;a lot of time paper 报纸；试卷 纸 room 房间 空间 MILK a glass of milk some air 清单01 名词、代词、数词及主谓一致 (解题必备+易混易错) 二、 名词所有格 1.'s所有格 类别 构成方法 示例 有生命的单数名词 词尾加's Tom's dictionary;my father's car 有生命的复数名词(s结尾) 加' teachers'office;grandparents'garden 有生命的复数名词（无s结尾） 加's Children's Day;the children's food 时间/距离/国家等名词 单数加's;复数加 an hour's ride;two days'work 共同拥有（多人） 最后一个名词加's Lily and Lucy's room 各自拥有（多人） 每个名词加's Bob's and Tim's books 2.of所有格 ·无生命名词：the window of the the name of the boy 。 有生命名词（带长定语）：the story of thegirl the key to the door 3.双重所有格 ·of+'s所有格：a friend of Peter's ·of+名词性物主代词：a photo of mine 特殊所有格(to表示) 2009 ·the key to the door(门的钥匙)； ·the way to the zoo(去动物园的路) 清单01 名词、代词、数词及主谓一致 (解题必备+易混易错) 2.代词（人称代词+物主代词) 人称代词 主格（作主语）：I,you,he,she,it,we,they They walked back together. ●宾格（作宾语/表语）：me,you,him,her,it,us,them Most of us use public transport. -Who is it?-It's me. ●并列主语顺序： 单数（二、三、一）you,he and I; 888 顺序 复数 (-、二、三)we,you and they 很重要哦」 物主代词 类别 作用 例句 配图 形容词性物主代词 作定语（+名词) After his death, nothing mattered. 名词性物主代词 作主语/宾语/表语 Mine is parked by （=形物代+名词) the roadside 与own连用 强调“自己的” They have their own children. 0 “my book”后面是名词， my book “mine”=形物代+名词， mine 本身就是名词哦！ 00 清单01名词、代词、数词及主谓一致 (解题必备+易混易错) 2.代词（反身代词） ★反身代词形式 myself,yourself,himself,herself, dress itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves herself 自己穿衣服 ★用法 作用 例句 配图 作动词宾语（主宾同一） I asked myself what to do. 作介词宾语 We should depend on ourselves. 作同位语（强调) Did you see the manager himself? ★ 固定搭配 ·help oneself to自取； ·enjoy oneself玩得开心 ·dress oneself自己穿衣服； ·teach oneself自学 ·lose oneself迷失方向； ·say to oneself自言自语 make oneself at home别拘束； ·keep..to oneself保密 清单01名词、代词、数词及主谓一致 （解题必备+易混易错）★ 2.代词（指示代词+t的特殊用法） ☆指示代词◆ 代词 用法 例句 配图 this/these These are my books. 近指；后文内容 This is why I came. 远指；比较结构中 The weather here is that/those 代替前文名词 better than that in Beijing 指代同一事物 I have a cat. it (同类同物)》 It is black. 指代同类不同物 I need a pen. one (=a/an+名词) Can you lend me one? ☆t的特殊用法 形式主语：It's important to learn English.(t+adj.+todo/that从句) 形式宾语：I find it easy to finish the work.(动词+it+adj.+todo) 2 固定句型： It takes sb.time to do sth.;It is said that... 清单01 名词、代词、数词及主调一致 (解题必备+易混易错) 2.代词（普通不定代词） 1.both/neither/either/all/none both (两者都，复数) Both are right. neither (两者都不，单数) Neither is wrong. either (两者任一，单数) Either is OK. OK! all (三者以上都，单/复数) All are here./All is well. none (三者以上都不，单/复数) None of them know(s)it. 2.few/a few/little/a little a few (肯定，可数) a few books few (否定，可数) few friends a little (肯定，不可数) a little water little (否定，不可数) little time 3.another/other/the other/others/the others another (三者以上另一个) another apple other (其他的，+名词) other students 22层星 the other (两者中另一个) one...the other... one... the other... others (其余人/物，无范围) some...others... In our class,Tom is English, the others (其余全部，有范围) I'm We're the others are Chinese. English. Chinese. 清单01名词、代词、数词及主谓一致 (解题必备+易混易错)☆ ☆2.代词（复合不定代词+疑问代词） 复合不定代词〈 some- any- no- every- somebody anybody nobody 会2 everybody someone anyone no one everyone 2 something anything nothing everything 用法 ● 作主语时谓语用单数：Someone is crying.. ● 形容词/else后置：something important;anyone else 疑问代词 i 代词 意义 用法 例句 who what who 谁 对人提问（主格） Who is singing? whom 谁 对人提问（宾格） Whom did you meet? whose whose 谁的 对所有格提问 Whose book is this? which what 什么 对物提问 What do you like? whom which 哪个 对范围内事物提问 Which is better, apple or banana? 清单01名词、代词、数词及主谓一致（解题必备+易混易错） 3.数词（基数词+序数词） 基数词构成☆ 1 0-12:zero,one...twelve zero,one,two,..., twelve 012 2 13-19:-teen thirteen,fifteen, 13-19 Ist (thirteen,,fifteen,eighteen特殊) eighteen 20-90:-ty twenty,thirty,forty, January 3 (twenty,thirty,forty, fifty,eighty 20-90 fifty,eighty特殊) 几十几：连字符连接 4 forty-eight, 48 97 (forty-eight,ninety-seven) ninety-seven 几百几十：百后加and one hundred and 100 (one hundred and fifty-six) fifty-six and 56 序数词变化☆ first 规则：基数词+th 2th six→sixth;forty→fortieth (six→sixth;forty→fortieth) 特殊：one→first,,two-→second, second first,second,third,fifth. 2 three--→third,fve-→ffth,eight-→eighth, eighth,ninth,twelfth nine→ninth,twelve→twelfth third 缩写：1st,2nd,3rd,4th. 1st,2nd,3rd,4th... 112838 序数词用法☆ 1 加the表顺序：the first lesson the first lesson Lesson 1 加a/an表“再一/又一”： 2 try a second time Again! try a second time 123 物主代间后不加the: 3 his first car his first car 清弹0]名词、代词、数词及主谓一致 (解题必备+易混易错) 3.数词（分数+主谓一致原则） 分数用法 ·构成：分子（基数词）+分母（序数词） 分子>1分母加s(1/3 one third;2/5 two fifths) 23 ·主谓一致：与of后的名词一致 students are Two thirds of the students are here. (复数名词) One fourth of the water is left. (不可数名词) 14 water is ☆ 主谓一致三原则 原则 含义 例句 配围 语法一致 主语单复数决定 He is a student. 谓语单复数 意义一致 主语意义决定 The class are cleaning. 谓语单复数 谓语与最近 3 就近原则 There is an apple 主语一致 and two pears. 清单01 名词、代词、数词及主谓一致 (解题必备+易混易错) 3.主谓一致（谓语单复数情况） ☆ 单数主语 复数主语 is are ABC 谓语用单数 不可数名词/单数名词 Water is important. 时间/金钱/距离 Ten years is a long time. 66 each/every/no+名词 Each student has a book 要 复合不定代词 Someone is coming. ③ 学科/国家 Physics is difficult.China is great. 谓语用复数 山0 both/few/many+名词 Both are right. the+形容词（表一类人） The old need help. 色量 集体名词(people/police) The police are working. QQP 复数专有名词 The Olympic Games are held every 4 years. 视情况而定 集体名词(family/class) 强调整体用单数，成员用复数 感 与名词单复数一致 all/some/most+名词 (All of the work is done.All of the books are new. A 3% 分数/百分数+of+名词 与名词单复数一致