Unit 5【刷题型】（语法填空精准练）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材译林版）

2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材译林版） Unit 5 Good manners【刷题型】(语法填空精准练) 话题：人与社会-文明礼仪 基础篇 01 Now more and more people would like to visit Xizang. What manners should you learn about if you visit a family in Xizang? When you’re entering the house, don’t walk on the door sill (门槛) 1 Xizang people see it as unlucky. In some 2 (situation), you need to sit cross-legged. Make sure your soles (鞋底) won’t face the family members. What’s more, be sure to avoid 3 (touch) their heads. It’s not polite. If you call a family member by name, add “la” at the end. This will make him or her 4 (feel) closer to you. Xizang people are warm and friendly. For them, sticking out the tongue (伸出舌头) is a way 5 (show) respect for others. If they put their palms (手掌) together, it means they are sending their best wishes to you. Don’t be 6 (surprise) at these actions. Hada, the white scarf, stands 7 good luck in Xizang. Offering it is the 8 (high) form of etiquette (礼节) among Xizang people. When you receive one, you should accept it 9 (polite) by bending your body and using both hands. Wish all of you 10 good time in Xizang! 02 I have been in China for a month. My Chinese friends are very kind and make me feel at home, but I have noticed some 1 (interest) differences in manners. In the UK, people always use “please” to be polite. Chinese people have their own way. For example, they usually use nín to call others in formal situations. Using nín is a good way to 2 (polite) and respect. When it comes to praise, Chinese people act 3 (different) from British people. If someone says my Chinese is good, I 4 (be) happy and tell them I love learning Chinese. But when I praise my Chinese friends, they often smile and say “Nali, nali” instead of 5 “thank you.” They are too modest to accept praise directly. In China, eating together is a special way for people to get close. Once, my host 6 (invite) me to dinner. He was very hospitable, asking me to eat more and 7 (put) food on my plate. This was his way 8 (show) care. I was too polite to refuse. In the UK, people ask guests if everything is OK and 9 if they want more drinks to show care. It’s hard to get used to these differences at first. My advice is that when in another country, do as 10 local people do. 03 Good manners are important in our daily life. They 1 (help) us build good relationships with others. There are many 2 (kind) of manners, such as table manners and museum manners. Last week, I 3 (visit) a museum with my friends. We 4 (tell) not to touch the artwork. We kept quiet and wore earphones when 5 (listen) to music. It was a peaceful experience. Yesterday, my family had dinner at 6 restaurant. The table was round. We didn’t start eating 7 everyone was ready. We didn’t talk with food 8 our mouths. We must remember these manners. They make 9 (we) life more comfortable. We should also learn about cultural differences and respect 10 (other) customs. 培优篇 04 If you travel to the UK, you need to greet people there in a polite way. British people usually say “hello” or “nice to meet you” and shake your hand when they meet you for the 1 (one) time. They only greet relatives or close friends with a kiss. They like to start a conversation with subjects 2 the weather, holidays, music or books. They avoid 3 (talk) about ages, weight or money. Most of the British people have good manners. They think it’s rude to push in before others 4 they always queue for their turn. They 5 (apologize) if they bump into you by accident in the street. When you are 6 their way, they will always be patient enough to wait for you to move. They pay great attention to their 7 (behave) in public. For example, they seldom shout or laugh 8 (loud) when others are around. When 9 (chat) with a British person, you will also find that they say “please” or “thank you” all the time. 10 (keep) these manners in your mind, and I’m sure they will be helpful to you in the future. 05 Do you know how to behave 1 (proper) at a Western dinner table? Here 2 (be) some tips. First, never talk with your mouth 3 (fill) with food. It looks terrible. Second, you 4 (should) use your own knife and fork to take food from the sharing plate. Third, if you need 5 (leave) the table for a moment, say “Excuse me” and put your napkin on your chair. Also, remember 6 (not reach) across the table for something. Politely ask someone 7 (pass) it to you. In many Western countries, it is considered 8 (polite) to make loud noises when eating soup. Finally, after the meal, you can say “Thank you” to the host. 9 (follow) these rules will help you enjoy the dinner and leave a good 10 (impress). 06 At the dinner table, Westerners use knives and forks while the Chinese use chopsticks. Since at least 3,000 years ago, chopsticks 1 (be) the eating tool for the Chinese people. Ancient Chinese used pottery pots (陶罐) to cook food during the Pottery Age. And they used branches or bamboo sticks 2 (pick) up the food. Later on, they 3 (develop) the habit of using chopsticks. In general, the material of chopsticks can be divided into five groups: bamboo and wood, metal, jade, bone and chemical plastics. In modern family life, people prefer to use the bamboo or wooden chopsticks 4 they are good for the environment and cost a little. Using knives and forks or chopsticks brings about a 5 (different) in lifestyle. For example,the use of knives and forks makes it 6 (easily) for people to eat individually(分别地). And the use of chopsticks makes it possible for the family members to have meals together. As the Westerners prefer to eat individually, they have the idea and habit of 7 (not depend) on others after they grow 8 adults. The way that Chinese people use chopsticks and eat with others around the table is connected with the lifestyle of the Chinese family. Now, 9 increasing number of foreign students in China 10 (learn) about how to use chopsticks. In fact, whether it is chopsticks or forks and knives, they are both the crystallization of human wisdom. 07 Dear Rose, In your last letter, you told me that you would come to Japan for vacation in July. But you were very worried, because you don’t know 1 you can or can’t do in Japanese restaurants. Now, I am writing to tell you the table manners there and how 2 (behavior) in a restaurant, Some restaurants in Japan have tatami (榻榻米) floors. When you step 3 a restaurant, you must take off your shoes. When you sit at the table, you will receive a small wet cloth at most Japanese restaurants. Use this to wash your hands before eating, then 4 (care) fold it and set it aside on the table. Don’t use it as a napkin (餐巾纸), or 5 (touch) any part of your face. Before and after a meal, it is important to say 6 (tradition) thank-you words. You can make a little noise when you’re eating. For example, it is common to make some slurping (咂嘴) noises while 7 (eat) noodles. That’s because in Japan if you slurp, it means the food 8 (tasty) good. For sushi, you should eat up. It is polite to lift small bowls of rice or soup when you eat. After finishing your meal, it is good manners to restore all your dishes to the way they were at the 9 (begin) of the meal. For example, you can put chopsticks back on the chopsticks shelf. Write to me if you have other questions. Hope you can enjoy 10 in Japan. Yours, Jack 08 In many parts of the world, being polite is not just about saying “please” and “thank you”. It also means knowing how 1 (behave) in different situations. For example, in some countries, it is considered impolite 2 (arrive) late for a dinner party. In others, arriving exactly on time 3 (be) expected. When you are a guest, you should wait 4 (patient) for your turn instead of pushing ahead. Another important rule is 5 (learn) to express your feelings properly. If someone does something 6 (kind) for you, a simple “thank you” can go a long way. If you make a mistake, it is better 7 (offer) an apology than to pretend nothing happened. Young people today are often taught 8 (be) polite from an early age. Parents remind 9 (they) to say “excuse me” when they need to pass by someone. With practice, good manners become a habit 10 helps us get along well with others. 09 Most people find waiting boring, 1 the British are an exception. As a British person myself, I’ve noticed that we often take this habit calmly, and many of us are even 2 (please) to follow this unspoken social rule. The start of this habit dates back to the early 19th century, when the Industrial Revolution began in England. As cities grew bigger and more 3 (crowd), daily activities like posting letters or shopping became messy without a system. Waiting in line naturally came up as 4 way to keep order, preventing people from 5 (get) angry with each other. This practice only 6 (grow) stronger during World War II. In difficult times, keeping order was important, so people were encouraged to do their duty and wait 7 (patient) for what they needed. Over time, waiting in line has 8 (develop) into a symbol of British culture. We believe that showing 9 (polite) means respecting others, and waiting in line is one of the simplest ways to do that. From busy train stations to small shops, the sight of people waiting calmly is common 10 the UK. It’s not just a habit, it’s a way of life. 10 Good manners are important in our daily life. They are good 1 us to get along well with others. We must 2 (be) polite to everyone around us. We can’t be rude 3 people. When we meet our friends, we should greet them with a smile. Our parents and teachers are strict 4 us about manners, 5 they want us to be better people. We can’t talk loudly in public places like libraries or hospitals. We must wait in line when we are waiting for the bus. We should say “Excuse me” when we need to pass by someone. It’s necessary 6 (learn) good table manners too. For example, we shouldn’t eat with our hands in western countries. It’s important 7 (follow) these rules. 8 (have) good manners helps us make more friends. Some people think good manners are not necessary, 9 (lucky), most people know they are important. Let’s keep good manners 10 (careful) every day and make our life better. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材译林版） Unit 5 Good manners【刷题型】(语法填空精准练) 话题：人与社会-文明礼仪 基础篇 01 Now more and more people would like to visit Xizang. What manners should you learn about if you visit a family in Xizang? When you’re entering the house, don’t walk on the door sill (门槛) 1 Xizang people see it as unlucky. In some 2 (situation), you need to sit cross-legged. Make sure your soles (鞋底) won’t face the family members. What’s more, be sure to avoid 3 (touch) their heads. It’s not polite. If you call a family member by name, add “la” at the end. This will make him or her 4 (feel) closer to you. Xizang people are warm and friendly. For them, sticking out the tongue (伸出舌头) is a way 5 (show) respect for others. If they put their palms (手掌) together, it means they are sending their best wishes to you. Don’t be 6 (surprise) at these actions. Hada, the white scarf, stands 7 good luck in Xizang. Offering it is the 8 (high) form of etiquette (礼节) among Xizang people. When you receive one, you should accept it 9 (polite) by bending your body and using both hands. Wish all of you 10 good time in Xizang! 【答案】 1．because 2．situations 3．touching 4．feel 5．to show 6．surprised 7．for 8．highest 9．politely 10．a 【导语】本文介绍了去西藏家庭做客时需要了解的礼仪习俗，包括进门、坐姿、称呼、肢体接触等方面的注意事项，以及哈达的文化意义。 1．句意：进门时不要踩门槛，因为西藏人认为这是不吉利的。此处用because引导原因状语从句，解释不能踩门槛的原因。 2．句意：在某些情况下，你需要盘腿而坐。“some”后接可数名词复数，situation的复数形式是situations。 3．句意：此外，一定要避免触摸他们的头。“avoid doing sth.”是固定搭配，表示“避免做某事”，touch的动名词形式是touching。 4．句意：这会让他或她感觉和你更亲近。“make sb. do sth.”是固定搭配，表示“让某人做某事”，用动词原形feel。 5．句意：对他们来说，伸出舌头是一种向他人表达尊重的方式。“a way to do sth.”表示“做某事的一种方式”，应用动词不定式to show。 6．句意：不要对这些行为感到惊讶。形容人“感到惊讶的”用surprised，在句中作表语。 7．句意：哈达，这种白色的围巾，在西藏象征着好运。“stand for”是固定搭配，表示“象征、代表”。 8．句意：敬献哈达是西藏人最高的礼节形式。此处有范围限定“among Xizang people”，且前面有the，用形容词最高级highest。 9．句意：当你收到哈达时，应该弯腰并用双手礼貌地接过。此处用副词修饰动词accept，polite的副词形式是politely。 10．句意：祝你们所有人在西藏玩得愉快！“wish sb. a good time”是固定搭配，表示“祝某人玩得愉快”。 02 I have been in China for a month. My Chinese friends are very kind and make me feel at home, but I have noticed some 1 (interest) differences in manners. In the UK, people always use “please” to be polite. Chinese people have their own way. For example, they usually use nín to call others in formal situations. Using nín is a good way to 2 (polite) and respect. When it comes to praise, Chinese people act 3 (different) from British people. If someone says my Chinese is good, I 4 (be) happy and tell them I love learning Chinese. But when I praise my Chinese friends, they often smile and say “Nali, nali” instead of 5 “thank you.” They are too modest to accept praise directly. In China, eating together is a special way for people to get close. Once, my host 6 (invite) me to dinner. He was very hospitable, asking me to eat more and 7 (put) food on my plate. This was his way 8 (show) care. I was too polite to refuse. In the UK, people ask guests if everything is OK and 9 if they want more drinks to show care. It’s hard to get used to these differences at first. My advice is that when in another country, do as 10 local people do. 【答案】 1．interesting 2．be polite 3．differently 4．will be 5．saying 6．invited 7．putting 8．to show 9．ask 10．the 【导语】这是一篇文化对比类的记叙文，作者以自己在中国旅居一个月的亲身经历为视角，对比了中英两国在礼貌用语、赞美回应和餐桌礼仪三个方面的文化差异，最后给出在异国他乡要入乡随俗的建议。 1．句意：我的中国朋友非常友善，让我感觉宾至如归，但我注意到一些有趣的礼仪差异。名词“differences”前需用形容词修饰，“interest”的形容词形式是“interesting”。 2．句意：使用“您”是一种礼貌和表达尊重的好方式。“a good way to...”译为“做某事的好方式”，“to”后接动词原形，此处“polite”需转换为动词形式“be polite”，符合语境。 3．句意：说到赞美，中国人的行为方式与英国人不同。动词“act”需用副词修饰，“different”的副词形式是“differently”。 4．句意：如果有人说我的中文很好，我会很高兴，并告诉他们我喜欢学习中文。“if”引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。故填will be。 5．句意：但当我赞美我的中国朋友时，他们常常微笑着说“哪里，哪里”，而不是说“谢谢”。“instead of” 是介词短语，译为“代替；而不是”，后接动名词形式。此处“说谢谢”是动词短语，需用动名词形式 saying。 6．句意：有一次，我的主人邀请我共进晚餐。“once”译为“曾经”，用于描述过去的动作，句子用一般过去时，“invite”的过去时形式是“invited”。 7．句意：他非常好客，让我多吃点，并把食物放在我的盘子里。“asking me to eat more”与...(put) food on my plate” 都是好客的表现，由并列连词“and”连接，前后动词形式应一致。故填putting。 8．句意：这是他表达关心的方式。此处需用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰“way”，表示“做某事的方式”。故填to show。 9．句意：在英国，人们会问客人一切是否安好，并询问他们是否需要更多饮料来表达关心。“and”连接并列动作，前文是“ask guests if...”，后文需与“ask”并列，用动词原形，表示“询问是否需要更多饮料”。故填ask。 10．句意：我的建议是，当在另一个国家时，入乡随俗。“local people”译为“当地人”，表特指时，其前需加定冠词“the”。 03 Good manners are important in our daily life. They 1 (help) us build good relationships with others. There are many 2 (kind) of manners, such as table manners and museum manners. Last week, I 3 (visit) a museum with my friends. We 4 (tell) not to touch the artwork. We kept quiet and wore earphones when 5 (listen) to music. It was a peaceful experience. Yesterday, my family had dinner at 6 restaurant. The table was round. We didn’t start eating 7 everyone was ready. We didn’t talk with food 8 our mouths. We must remember these manners. They make 9 (we) life more comfortable. We should also learn about cultural differences and respect 10 (other) customs. 【答案】 1．help 2．kinds 3．visited 4．were told 5．listening 6．a 7．until 8．in 9．our 10．others’ 【导语】本文围绕良好礼仪的重要性展开，以参观博物馆、餐厅用餐两个生活实例，介绍了不同场合的礼仪规范，强调我们要遵守各类礼仪、尊重文化差异与他人习俗，让生活更加和谐舒适。 1．句意：它们帮助我们和他人建立良好的关系。主语“They”指代“Good manners”，为复数，句子描述客观事实，为一般现在时，谓语动词用原形。 2．句意：礼仪有很多种，比如餐桌礼仪和博物馆礼仪。“many”后接可数名词复数，“many kinds of”，表示“许多种类的”，固定搭配。 3．句意：上周，我和朋友们参观了一家博物馆。时间状语“Last week（上周）”明确表示一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式。 4．句意：我们被告知不要触碰艺术品。主语“We”和“tell”之间是被动关系（我们被告知）；结合“Last week”可知，用一般过去时的被动语态“were+过去分词”。 5．句意：听音乐时，我们保持安静并戴上了耳机。此处是状语从句省略结构，完整形式为“when we were listening”，省略主语和be动词后，用现在分词listening。 6．句意：昨天，我们一家人在一家餐厅吃了晚餐。“restaurant”是可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，表泛指“一家餐厅”，用不定冠词a。 7．句意：直到所有人都准备好，我们才开始吃饭。“not...until...”，表示“直到……才……”，用来表示“某个动作直到某个时间点才发生”，固定搭配。 8．句意：我们不会嘴里含着食物说话。“in our mouths”表示“在嘴里”，固定搭配。 9．句意：它们让我们的生活更舒适。修饰名词life，需用形容词性物主代词，we对应的形容词性物主代词为our。 10．句意：我们也应该了解文化差异，尊重他人的习俗。修饰名词customs，需用所有格形式，others的所有格为others’，表示“其他人的习俗”。 培优篇 04 If you travel to the UK, you need to greet people there in a polite way. British people usually say “hello” or “nice to meet you” and shake your hand when they meet you for the 1 (one) time. They only greet relatives or close friends with a kiss. They like to start a conversation with subjects 2 the weather, holidays, music or books. They avoid 3 (talk) about ages, weight or money. Most of the British people have good manners. They think it’s rude to push in before others 4 they always queue for their turn. They 5 (apologize) if they bump into you by accident in the street. When you are 6 their way, they will always be patient enough to wait for you to move. They pay great attention to their 7 (behave) in public. For example, they seldom shout or laugh 8 (loud) when others are around. When 9 (chat) with a British person, you will also find that they say “please” or “thank you” all the time. 10 (keep) these manners in your mind, and I’m sure they will be helpful to you in the future. 【答案】 1．first 2．like 3．talking 4．so 5．will apologize 6．in 7．behavior/behaviour 8．loudly 9．chatting 10．Keep 【导语】本文介绍了英国的社交礼仪与公共行为规范。 1．句意：英国人第一次见到你时，通常会说“你好”或“很高兴见到你”并和你握手。固定搭配for the first time表示“第一次”，因此基数词one需变为序数词first。 2．句意：他们喜欢以诸如天气、假期、音乐或书籍这类话题开启对话。此处用于列举“天气、假期、音乐、书籍”这类例子，需用介词like，表示“例如、像……这类”。 3．句意：他们避免谈论年龄、体重或金钱。动词avoid后接动名词作宾语，构成固定搭配avoid doing sth.，因此动词talk需变为动名词talking。 4．句意：他们认为插队是不礼貌的，所以他们总是排队等候。前后两句为因果关系，前半句说明观点，后半句是对应的行为结果，因此用连词so。 5．句意：如果他们在街上不小心撞到你，会向你道歉。这是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的语法规则，从句用一般现在时，主句需用一般将来时，结构为will+动词原形。 6．句意：当你挡住他们的路时，他们总会耐心地等你让开。固定搭配in one’s way表示“挡某人的路”，因此填介词in。 7．句意：他们在公共场合非常注意自己的行为举止。形容词性物主代词their后需接名词，因此动词behave需变为名词。 8．句意：例如，当有其他人在场时，他们很少大声喧哗或大笑。此处修饰动词laugh，需用副词，因此形容词loud需变为副词loudly。 9．句意：当你和英国人聊天时，你也会发现他们总是说“请”或“谢谢”。此处为when引导的时间状语从句的省略形式，完整形式是When you are chatting with a British person，省略主语和be动词后，用现在分词chatting。 10．句意：把这些礼仪记在心里，我相信它们将来会对你有帮助。这是祈使句，句首用动词原形，因此填Keep，句首字母大写。 05 Do you know how to behave 1 (proper) at a Western dinner table? Here 2 (be) some tips. First, never talk with your mouth 3 (fill) with food. It looks terrible. Second, you 4 (should) use your own knife and fork to take food from the sharing plate. Third, if you need 5 (leave) the table for a moment, say “Excuse me” and put your napkin on your chair. Also, remember 6 (not reach) across the table for something. Politely ask someone 7 (pass) it to you. In many Western countries, it is considered 8 (polite) to make loud noises when eating soup. Finally, after the meal, you can say “Thank you” to the host. 9 (follow) these rules will help you enjoy the dinner and leave a good 10 (impress). 【答案】 1．properly 2．are 3．filled 4．shouldn’t 5．to leave 6．not to reach 7．to pass 8．impolite 9．Following 10．impression 【导语】本文介绍了西餐餐桌上的基本礼仪规范，为读者提供了得体用餐的实用小贴士。 1．句意：你知道在西餐餐桌上如何举止得体吗？此处修饰动词behave，需用副词作方式状语。proper是形容词，需变为副词形式properly。 2．句意：这里有一些小贴士。本句为here引导的完全倒装句，主语是后面的“some tips”是复数名词，be动词需用复数形式，全文为一般现在时，故填are。 3．句意：首先，永远不要在嘴里塞满食物时说话。此处为“with + 名词 + 宾语补足语”的复合结构，mouth与fill是被动关系，即“嘴被食物填满”，故用过去分词filled作宾语补足语。 4．句意：其次，你不应该用自己的刀叉从共享盘中取食物。根据西餐礼仪常识，此处表否定建议，should是情态动词，需用否定形式shouldn’t表示“不应该”。 5．句意：第三，如果你需要暂时离开餐桌，说“打扰一下”并把餐巾放在椅子上。动词need后接动词不定式作宾语，构成固定结构“need to do sth.”，意为“需要做某事”， leave的不定式为to leave。 6．句意：另外，记住不要隔着桌子伸手去拿东西。动词remember后接动词不定式作宾语，构成固定结构“remember to do sth.”，意为“记得去做某事”；此处表否定，不定式的否定形式为“not to do”，因此用not to reach。 7．句意：礼貌地请别人把它递给你。动词ask后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成固定结构“ask sb. to do sth.”，意为“要求/请某人做某事”，因此用to pass。 8．句意：在许多西方国家，喝汤时发出很大的声响被认为是不礼貌的。本句为it作形式主语的结构，真正主语是“to make loud noises when eating soup”；根据常识，喝汤出声是不礼貌的，需用polite的反义词impolite。 9．句意：遵守这些规则会帮助你享受用餐，并留下好印象。本句缺少主语，动词原形不能作主语，需将follow变为动名词形式，构成动名词短语“Following these rules”作主语，首字母大写。 10．句意：遵守这些规则会帮助你享受用餐，并留下好印象。形容词good后接名词作宾语，impress是动词，需变为名词形式impression，构成固定搭配“leave a good impression”，意为“留下好印象”。 06 At the dinner table, Westerners use knives and forks while the Chinese use chopsticks. Since at least 3,000 years ago, chopsticks 1 (be) the eating tool for the Chinese people. Ancient Chinese used pottery pots (陶罐) to cook food during the Pottery Age. And they used branches or bamboo sticks 2 (pick) up the food. Later on, they 3 (develop) the habit of using chopsticks. In general, the material of chopsticks can be divided into five groups: bamboo and wood, metal, jade, bone and chemical plastics. In modern family life, people prefer to use the bamboo or wooden chopsticks 4 they are good for the environment and cost a little. Using knives and forks or chopsticks brings about a 5 (different) in lifestyle. For example,the use of knives and forks makes it 6 (easily) for people to eat individually(分别地). And the use of chopsticks makes it possible for the family members to have meals together. As the Westerners prefer to eat individually, they have the idea and habit of 7 (not depend) on others after they grow 8 adults. The way that Chinese people use chopsticks and eat with others around the table is connected with the lifestyle of the Chinese family. Now, 9 increasing number of foreign students in China 10 (learn) about how to use chopsticks. In fact, whether it is chopsticks or forks and knives, they are both the crystallization of human wisdom. 【答案】 1．have been 2．to pick 3．developed 4．because 5．difference 6．easy 7．not depending 8．into 9．an 10．are learning 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国人用筷子吃饭的由来，并和西方人进行对比，无论是筷子还是刀叉，它们都是人类智慧的结晶。 1．句意：至少从3000年前开始，筷子就是中国人吃饭的工具。根据时间状语“since at least 3,000 years ago”可知，此句用现在完成时，其构成是have/has+过去分词，主语chopsticks是复数，助动词用have，be的过去分词是been，故填have been。 2．句意：他们用树枝或竹竿来夹食物。use sth. to do sth.表示“用某物做某事”，故填to pick。 3．句意：后来，他们养成了用筷子的习惯。根据“Later on”可知，此句用一般过去时，develop的过去式是developed，故填developed。 4．句意：在现代家庭生活中，人们更喜欢使用竹木筷子，因为它们对环境有益，而且价格便宜。“they are good for the environment and cost a little”是“people prefer to use the bamboo or wooden chopsticks”的原因，所以用连词because引导原因状语从句，故填because。 5．句意：使用刀叉或筷子会引起生活方式的不同。a是不定冠词，后面接可数名词单数，different是形容词，其名词形式是difference，故填difference。 6．句意：例如，刀叉的使用让人们更容易单独吃饭。“make it+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是to do sth.，所以这里要用形容词，easily是副词，其形容词形式是easy，故填easy。 7．句意：由于西方人更喜欢单独吃饭，他们长大后不依赖他人的观念和习惯。of是介词，后面接动词的-ing形式，“not depend”的-ing形式是“not depending”，故填not depending。 8．句意：由于西方人更喜欢单独吃饭，他们长大后不依赖他人的观念和习惯。grow into表示“长成”，故填into。 9．句意：中国人用筷子围着桌子一起吃饭的方式和中国的家庭生活方式有关系。“an increasing number of”表示“越来越多的”，故填an。 10．句意：现在，越来越多的中国留学生学会了如何使用筷子。根据Now可知，该句时态是现在进行时，结构是“be+现在分词”，主语“an increasing number of foreign students”是复数，所以用are，learn的现在分词是learning，故填are learning。 07 Dear Rose, In your last letter, you told me that you would come to Japan for vacation in July. But you were very worried, because you don’t know 1 you can or can’t do in Japanese restaurants. Now, I am writing to tell you the table manners there and how 2 (behavior) in a restaurant, Some restaurants in Japan have tatami (榻榻米) floors. When you step 3 a restaurant, you must take off your shoes. When you sit at the table, you will receive a small wet cloth at most Japanese restaurants. Use this to wash your hands before eating, then 4 (care) fold it and set it aside on the table. Don’t use it as a napkin (餐巾纸), or 5 (touch) any part of your face. Before and after a meal, it is important to say 6 (tradition) thank-you words. You can make a little noise when you’re eating. For example, it is common to make some slurping (咂嘴) noises while 7 (eat) noodles. That’s because in Japan if you slurp, it means the food 8 (tasty) good. For sushi, you should eat up. It is polite to lift small bowls of rice or soup when you eat. After finishing your meal, it is good manners to restore all your dishes to the way they were at the 9 (begin) of the meal. For example, you can put chopsticks back on the chopsticks shelf. Write to me if you have other questions. Hope you can enjoy 10 in Japan. Yours, Jack 【答案】 1．what 2．to behave 3．into 4．carefully 5．touch 6．traditional 7．eating 8．tastes 9．beginning 10．yourself 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。是Jack写给Rose的信，信中主要介绍了日本餐厅的餐桌礼仪。 1．句意：因为你不知道在日本餐厅里能做什么、不能做什么。根据“you don’t know _____ you can or can’t do in Japanese restaurants”可知，此处表示“做什么”，用疑问词“what”，作动词do的宾语。 2．句意：现在，我正在写信告诉你那里的餐桌礼仪，以及在餐厅里该如何表现。behavior意为“行为”，是名词，此处考查“疑问词+to do”作宾语，behavior的动词形式是behave，how to behave意为“如何表现、如何举止”。 3．句意：当你走进一家餐厅时，必须脱掉鞋子。此处考查固定搭配step into，意为“走进；踏入”。 4．句意：用餐前用它洗手，然后小心地把它折好放在桌上。care意为“关心；照顾”，是动词，空后的“fold”是动词，此处用其副词形式carefully修饰动词，意为“小心地；仔细地”。 5．句意：不要把它当餐巾纸用，也不要触碰脸的任何部位。touch意为“触碰”，是动词，“or”连接具有转折关系的并列内容，此处连接两个省略了don’t的并列祈使句结构，用动词原形。 6．句意：用餐前后，说传统的感谢语很重要。tradition意为“传统”是名词，空后的“thank-you words”是名词，用形容词修饰名词，“tradition”的形容词形式traditional，意为“传统的”，在句中作定语。 7．句意：例如，吃面条时发出一些吸溜声是很常见的。eat意为“吃”，是动词，“while”后接动词-ing形式，“eat”的-ing形式是“eating”，故填eating。 8．句意：那是因为在日本，如果你吸溜面条，意味着食物尝起来很好。tasty意为“美味的”，是形容词，此处要用系动词taste，意为“尝起来”，句子陈述的是实际情况，句子用一般现在时，宾语从句中主语the food为不可数名词，动词用第三人称单数形式，taste的第三人称单数形式是“tastes”。 9．句意：用餐结束后，把所有餐具恢复到用餐开始时的样子是礼貌的。begin意为“开始”，是动词，此处考查固定短语at the beginning of…，意为“在……开始”。 10．句意：希望你能在日本玩得开心。此处考查固定短语enjoy oneself，意为“玩得开心；过得愉快”，主语是you“你”，对应反身代词是yourself“你自己”。 08 In many parts of the world, being polite is not just about saying “please” and “thank you”. It also means knowing how 1 (behave) in different situations. For example, in some countries, it is considered impolite 2 (arrive) late for a dinner party. In others, arriving exactly on time 3 (be) expected. When you are a guest, you should wait 4 (patient) for your turn instead of pushing ahead. Another important rule is 5 (learn) to express your feelings properly. If someone does something 6 (kind) for you, a simple “thank you” can go a long way. If you make a mistake, it is better 7 (offer) an apology than to pretend nothing happened. Young people today are often taught 8 (be) polite from an early age. Parents remind 9 (they) to say “excuse me” when they need to pass by someone. With practice, good manners become a habit 10 helps us get along well with others. 【答案】 1．to behave 2．to arrive 3．is 4．patiently 5．to learn 6．kind 7．to offer 8．to be 9．them 10．that/which 【导语】本文主要介绍了礼貌不仅体现在言语上，还包括在不同场合的行为举止，如准时赴约、耐心等待、恰当表达感谢与歉意等，强调良好礼仪有助于人际交往。 1．句意：这也意味着知道如何在不同的场合表现自己。“how to do sth.”为“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构，在句中作宾语，故填to behave。 2．句意：例如，在一些国家，参加晚宴迟到被认为是不礼貌的。“It is+形容词+to do sth.”为固定句型，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to arrive。 3．句意：在其他国家，人们期望恰好准时到达。此处为动名词短语“arriving exactly on time”作主语，谓语动词用单数，且描述客观事实，故填is。 4．句意：当你做客时，你应该耐心等待轮到你，而不是往前挤。此处修饰动词wait，需用副词形式，patient的副词为patiently。 5．句意：另一个重要的规则是学会恰当地表达自己的情感。此处作表语，表示“学会”这一行为，需用动词不定式to learn。 6．句意：如果有人为你做了善事，一句简单的“谢谢”就很有用。此处修饰不定代词something，需用形容词后置，kind意为“友善的”，符合语境。 7．句意：如果你犯了错，最好道歉而不是假装什么都没发生。“It is better to do sth.”为固定句型，意为“最好做某事”，故填to offer。 8．句意：如今的年轻人从小就被教导要懂礼貌。“be taught to do sth.”为固定结构，意为“被教导做某事”，故填to be。 9．句意：父母提醒他们，在需要从别人身边经过时要说“打扰了”。作动词remind的宾语，需用人称代词的宾格，they的宾格为them。 10．句意：通过练习，良好的礼仪成为一种习惯，这有助于我们与他人融洽相处。此处引导定语从句，先行词a habit指物，在从句中作主语，需用关系代词that或which。 09 Most people find waiting boring, 1 the British are an exception. As a British person myself, I’ve noticed that we often take this habit calmly, and many of us are even 2 (please) to follow this unspoken social rule. The start of this habit dates back to the early 19th century, when the Industrial Revolution began in England. As cities grew bigger and more 3 (crowd), daily activities like posting letters or shopping became messy without a system. Waiting in line naturally came up as 4 way to keep order, preventing people from 5 (get) angry with each other. This practice only 6 (grow) stronger during World War II. In difficult times, keeping order was important, so people were encouraged to do their duty and wait 7 (patient) for what they needed. Over time, waiting in line has 8 (develop) into a symbol of British culture. We believe that showing 9 (polite) means respecting others, and waiting in line is one of the simplest ways to do that. From busy train stations to small shops, the sight of people waiting calmly is common 10 the UK. It’s not just a habit, it’s a way of life. 【答案】 1．but 2．pleased 3．crowded 4．a 5．getting 6．grew 7．patiently 8．developed 9．politeness 10．across/in 【导语】本文主要讲述了大多数人觉得等待很无聊，但英国人是个例外，接着介绍了英国人排队习惯的起源、发展以及排队在英国文化中的意义。 1．句意：大多数人觉得等待很无聊，然而，英国人是个例外。“Most people find waiting boring”和“the British are an exception”之间是转折关系，所以用转折连词but。 2．句意：作为一个英国人，我注意到我们经常平静地对待这个习惯，我们中的许多人甚至很高兴遵循这个不成文的社会规则。“are”是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，please的形容词形式有pleased（感到高兴的，通常用来形容人）和pleasant（令人愉快的，通常用来形容事物），此处形容人，所以用pleased。 3．句意：随着城市变得更大更拥挤，如果没有一个系统，像寄信或购物这样的日常活动就会变得混乱。“and”连接两个并列的形容词，crowd的形容词形式是crowded，表示“拥挤的”。 4．句意：排队自然成为了一种维持秩序的方式，防止人们互相生气。“way”是可数名词单数，且此处表示泛指“一种方式”，“way”以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。 5．句意：排队自然成为了一种维持秩序的方式，防止人们互相生气。“prevent sb. from doing sth.”是固定短语，意为“阻止某人做某事”，所以这里用get的动名词形式getting。 6．句意：这种做法在第二次世界大战期间变得更强。“This practice”是主语，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，grow的过去式是grew。 7．句意：在困难时期，维持秩序很重要，所以人们被鼓励尽自己的职责，耐心地等待他们需要的东西。“wait”是动词，要用副词修饰，patient的副词形式是patiently，表示“耐心地”。 8．句意：随着时间的推移，排队已经发展成为英国文化的一个象征。“has”是助动词，后面接动词的过去分词构成现在完成时，develop的过去分词是developed。 9．句意：我们认为表现出礼貌意味着尊重他人，而排队是做到这一点最简单的方式之一。“show”是动词，后面接名词作宾语，polite的名词形式是politeness，表示“礼貌”。 10．句意：从繁忙的火车站到小商店，在英国看到人们平静地排队是很常见的。“common across/in the UK”表示“在英国很常见”，所以这里可以填across或in。 10 Good manners are important in our daily life. They are good 1 us to get along well with others. We must 2 (be) polite to everyone around us. We can’t be rude 3 people. When we meet our friends, we should greet them with a smile. Our parents and teachers are strict 4 us about manners, 5 they want us to be better people. We can’t talk loudly in public places like libraries or hospitals. We must wait in line when we are waiting for the bus. We should say “Excuse me” when we need to pass by someone. It’s necessary 6 (learn) good table manners too. For example, we shouldn’t eat with our hands in western countries. It’s important 7 (follow) these rules. 8 (have) good manners helps us make more friends. Some people think good manners are not necessary, 9 (lucky), most people know they are important. Let’s keep good manners 10 (careful) every day and make our life better. 【答案】 1．for 2．be 3．to 4．with 5．because 6．to learn 7．to follow 8．Having 9．luckily 10．carefully 【导语】本文主要介绍了拥有良好礼仪的重要性以及应有的良好礼仪表现。 1．句意：他们有利于我们与他人相处融洽。这源于短语be good for...意为“有益的”。故填for。 2．句意：我们必须对周围的人有礼貌。在情态动词must之后，我们使用动词原形be。故填be。 3．句意：我们不能对人粗鲁。这源于短语be rude to...意为“对……粗鲁”。故填to。 4．句意：我们的父母和老师对我们的举止要求很严格，因为他们希望我们成为更好的人。这源于短语be strict with...意为“对某人要求严格”。故填with。 5．句意：我们的父母和老师对我们的举止要求很严格，因为他们希望我们成为更好的人。根据“they want us to be better people.”可知，此处是由because引导的句子。故填because。 6．句意：学习良好的餐桌礼仪也是必要的。这使用了“It is necessary (for sb.) to do sth.”这一结构，因此空处用learn的动词不定式。故填to learn。 7．句意：遵守这些规则很重要。这使用了“It is important (for sb.) to do sth.”这一结构, 因此空处用follow的动词不定式。故填to follow。 8．句意：有礼貌有助于我们交到更多的朋友。当动词作句子的主语时，它采用“-ing”形式（动名词），have的动名词为having，首字母大写。故填Having。 9．句意：有些人认为礼貌不是必需的，幸运的是，大多数人都知道礼貌很重要。需要一个副词来修饰整个句子或转换思路。形容词lucky变为luckily。故填luckily。 10．句意：让我们每天小心地保持礼貌，让我们的生活变得更好。需要一个副词来修饰动词 keep。形容词careful变为carefully。故填carefully。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $