内容正文:
小升初英语专题总复习(浙江专用)
专题21 一般现在时
核心知识思维导图
考点一
一般现在时的基本结构(基础核心考点)
一般现在时的核心是“动词形式”,需根据主语单复数选择原形或三单形式,是小升初入门必考点。
1.核心结构表(必考)
主语类型
肯定式
否定式
一般疑问句
第一人称(I/we)
动词原形 + 其他
don’t + 动词原形 + 其他
Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
第二人称(you)
动词原形 + 其他
don’t + 动词原形 + 其他
Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
第三人称单数(he/she/it/单数名词)
动词三单形式 + 其他
doesn’t + 动词原形 + 其他
Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
复数主语(they/复数名词)
动词原形 + 其他
don’t + 动词原形 + 其他
Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
2.易错提醒:
○第三人称单数主语(he/she/it/单数名词)后的动词必须变三单,不可用原形(误:He play football. 正:He plays football.);
○否定句和疑问句中,助动词don’t/doesn’t后必须接动词原形(误:He doesn’t plays football. 正:He doesn’t play football.)。
考点再现
1.用括号内动词的适当形式填空:
(1)I ______________ (like) English very much.
(2)She ______________ (go) to school by bike every day.
(3)They __________ (not watch) TV on weekdays.
(4)______________ (do) your father ______________ (read) newspapers in the morning?
(5)My mother ______________ (have) a new bag.
2.选出下列句子结构正确的一项( )
A. He like apples. B. She doesn’t plays football.
C. They watch TV every evening. D. Do your sister like music?
3.改正下列句子中的结构错误:
(1)She do her homework every day. →________________________
(2)We doesn’t like coffee. →________________________
(3)Does he goes to school early? →________________________
过关训练
1.用括号内动词的适当形式填空:
(1)Tom ______________ (study) hard at school.
(2)We ______________ (not eat) fast food very often.
(3)__________ (do) they __________ (play) basketball on weekends?
(4)The sun ______________ (rise) in the east.
(5)My parents ______________ (work) in a hospital.
2.翻译句子(一般现在时):
(1)我每天早上7点起床。______________________________________________________
(2)她不喜欢吃面条。______________________________________________________________
(3)他们经常在周末去公园。________________________________________________________
3.判断下列句子是否正确(正确写T,错误写F):
(1)She has a new pen.( )
(2)They doesn’t go to school on Sundays.( )
(3)Do you like swimming?( )
考点二
动词三单变化规则(高频考点,占比35%)
动词三单变化是一般现在时的核心难点,需掌握规则变化和特殊变化,是小升初填空、改错的高频考点。
1. 核心变化规则表(必考)
变化类型
规则
例词
一般情况
动词末尾加-s
play→plays、eat→eats、run→runs
s/x/ch/sh/o结尾
动词末尾加-es
watch→watches、box→boxes、do→does、go→goes
辅音字母+y结尾
变y为i,加-es
study→studies、carry→carries、try→tries
特殊变化
不规则记忆
have→has、do→does
2.易错提醒:
○元音字母+y结尾的动词,直接加-s(例:play→plays、stay→stays),不可变y为i;
○以o结尾的动词(go、do)加-es,其他o结尾动词(如photo→photos)为名词变化,动词如go/do需特殊记忆。
考点再现
1.写出下列动词的三单形式:
(1)play _______ (2)watch _________ (3)study _________ (4)go ______ (5)have ______
(6)do _______ (7)try _________ (8)eat _________ (9)carry _________ (10)run ______
2.选出下列动词三单变化正确的一项( )
A. do→does B. study→studys C. go→gos D. watch→watchs
3.改正下列动词三单形式的错误:
(1)try→trys → ____________ (2)carry→carrys →____________
(3)have→haves → ____________(4)do→dos →_______________
过关训练
1.用括号内动词的适当形式填空(条件状语从句):
(1)If you ____________ (practice) speaking English every day, your English ____________ (improve).
(2)Unless she ____________ (finish) her homework, she ____________ (not allowed) to watch TV.
(3)If they ____________ (not hurry), they ____________ (miss) the train.
(4)You ____________ (not pass) the test unless you ____________ (study) hard.
2.翻译句子(条件状语从句):
(1)如果你努力,你就能实现梦想。
__________________________________________________________________
(2)除非下雨,否则我们明天去爬山。__________________________________________________________________
(3)如果他来了,请叫我。__________________________________________________________________
3.按要求改写句子:
(1)If you don’t hurry up, you will be late.(用unless改写)__________________________________________________________________
(2)We will go to the zoo if it is fine tomorrow.(对划线部分提问)__________________________________________________________________
考点三
一般现在时的用法(浙江必考,占比30%)
一般现在时的用法核心是“语境匹配”,需根据动作类型(经常性/客观事实)选择时态,是小升初单选、情景对话的高频考点。
1.核心用法表(必考)
用法类型
含义
时间状语/标志
例句
经常性/习惯性动作
反复发生的动作
every day、usually、often、always、sometimes
He plays football every weekend.(他每个周末踢足球。)
客观事实/真理
不变的事实或规律
无特定时间状语
The earth goes around the sun.(地球绕着太阳转。)
当前状态
现在的持续状态
now、at present(隐含)
She likes music.(她喜欢音乐。)
固定日程/安排
定期发生的动作
on Mondays、in the morning(固定)
The train leaves at 7:00 a.m.(火车早上7点出发。)
2.易错提醒:
○客观事实和真理永远用一般现在时,不受时间状语影响(例:He said the earth is round. 正确,宾语从句仍用一般现在时);
○经常性动作需搭配对应的时间状语,不可与过去时时间状语(如yesterday)混用(误:He plays football yesterday. 正:He played football yesterday.)。
考点再现
1.用括号内动词的适当形式填空(结合用法):
(1)We ______________ (have) breakfast at 7:00 every morning.(经常性动作)
(2)The sun __________ (rise) in the east and ______________ (set) in the west.(客观事实)
(3)She ______________ (like) reading storybooks.(当前状态)
(4)The school bus ______________ (come) at 6:30 a.m. every day.(固定日程)
2.选出下列句子中用法正确的一项( )
A. He plays football yesterday. B. The earth went around the sun.
C. She often goes to the library. D. They are have lunch every noon.
3.改正下列句子中的用法错误:
(1)He is get up early every morning. →____________________
(2)The teacher said the moon is smaller than the earth.____________________
(3)They will go to school every day. →____________________________
过关训练
1.用括号内动词的适当形式填空(结合用法):
(1)My sister __________ (dance) well. She __________ (dance) every evening.
(2)Water __________ (boil) at 100℃.
(3)He __________ (not like) coffee. He likes tea.
(4)The plane __________ (take) off at 3:00 p.m.
2.翻译句子(结合一般现在时用法):
(1)她通常每天步行上学。______________________________________________________
(2)光比声音传播得快。__________________________________________________________
(3)他不喜欢冬天,因为太冷了。_____________________________________________________
3.选择合适的时间状语填空(every day/ yesterday/ now/ usually):
(1)She ______________ goes to school by bike.
(2)We play football ______________.
(3)He ______________ finished his homework.
(4)They are reading ______________.
考点四
一般现在时的综合运用(浙江高频)
综合考察一般现在时的结构、动词三单、用法及语境匹配,核心是根据语境判断动作类型,选择正确的动词形式和句式,是拉开分数的关键。
1.易混知识点辨析:
○一般现在时vs现在进行时:一般现在时表经常性动作,现在进行时表正在进行的动作(例:He plays football every day. vs He is playing football now.);
○动词三单vs复数:第三人称单数用三单形式,复数主语用原形(例:He plays. vs They play.);
○否定句:实义动词用don’t/doesn’t+原形,be动词用am/is/are+not(例:He doesn’t play. vs He isn’t a student.)。
2.综合运用技巧:
○第一步:判断动作类型(经常性/客观事实/当前状态);
○第二步:根据主语单复数选择动词形式(原形/三单);
○第三步:根据句式(肯定/否定/疑问)调整结构;
○第四步:匹配对应的时间状语。
考点再现
1.用括号内动词的适当形式填空(综合运用):
(1)My father ___________ (work) in a factory. He ___________ (go) to work by bike every day.
(2)___________ (do) your mother ___________ (cook) dinner at home? Yes, she ___________. She ___________ (cook) very well.
(3)The children ___________ (not go) to school on Sundays. They often ___________ (play) in the park.
2.选出下列句子中综合运用正确的一项( )
A. She doesn’t like apples, and she doesn’t likes bananas.
B. He go to school at 7:00 every morning.
C. Do they watch TV every evening? Yes, they do.
D. The sun rise in the east.
过关训练
1.用括号内动词的适当形式填空(综合运用):
(1)Tom ___________ (study) English every day. He ___________ (not study) Chinese on weekends.
(2)___________ (do) your sister ___________ (like) music? No, she ___________. She ___________ (like) art.
(3)The cat ___________ (catch) mice. It ___________ (catch) a mouse yesterday.
2.改正下列句子中的综合错误:
(1)He don’t like swimming. He like running. →____________________
(2)She watch TV every evening. She doesn’t do her homework. →____________________
(3)Do your father go to work by car? →____________________
3.翻译句子(综合运用一般现在时):
(1)我爸爸是一名医生,他每天在医院工作。__________________________________________________________________
(2)他们不经常看电影,因为他们很忙。__________________________________________________________________
(3)这朵花是红色的,它很漂亮。__________________________________________________________________
一、单项选择(每题3分,共30分)
( )1. My brother ______ football every afternoon.
A. play B. plays C. played D. is playing
( )2. ______ you like coffee? No, I don’t.
A. Do B. Does C. Are D. Is
( )3. She ______ like apples. She likes bananas.
A. don’t B. doesn’t C. isn’t D. aren’t
( )4. The earth ______ around the sun.
A. go B. goes C. went D. is going
( )5. ______ your father ______ newspapers every morning?
A. Do;read B. Does;read C. Do;reads D. Does;reads
( )6. They ______ to school by bike every day.
A. go B. goes C. went D. are going
( )7. He ______ a new book. He ______ it every day.
A. have;read B. has;read C. has;reads D. have;reads
( )8. She ______ not ______ TV in the evening.
A. do;watch B. does;watch C. do;watches D. does;watches
( )9. My mother ______ dinner at 6:00 every evening.
A. cook B. cooks C. cooked D. is cooking
( )10. ______ they ______ basketball on weekends?
A. Do;play B. Does;play C. Do;plays D. Does;plays
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空(每题2分,共20分)
1.I ________ (like) English very much.
2.She ________ (go) to school by bike every day.
3.They ____________ (not watch) TV on weekdays.
4.________ (do) your father ________ (read) newspapers in the morning?
5.My mother ________ (have) a new bag.
6.Tom ________ (study) hard at school.
7.The sun ________ (rise) in the east.
8.We __________ (not eat) fast food very often.
9.She ________ (wash) her clothes every weekend.
10.________ (do) they ________ (play) basketball on weekends?
三、按要求完成下列各题(每题5分,共30分)
1.He plays football every afternoon.(改为否定句)__________________________________________________________________
2.She watches TV in the evening.(改为一般疑问句)__________________________________________________________________
3.They go to school by bike.(对划线部分提问)__________________________________________________________________
4.The sun rises in the east.(对划线部分提问)__________________________________________________________________
5.My father reads newspapers every morning.(改为同义句)__________________________________________________________________
6.翻译句子:她不喜欢游泳,她经常在周末画画。(一般现在时)__________________________________________________________________
四、完形填空(每题4分,共20分)
My name is Lily. I ______ (1) in Hangzhou. I ______ (2) a student. I ______ (3) to school by bike every day. My favorite subject is English. I ______ (4) English very much. My English teacher ______ (5) Miss Wang. She ______ (6) very kind. She ______ (7) English well. She ______ (8) us English every Monday to Friday. We ______ (9) her classes because they are interesting. My classmates ______ (10) friendly. We often help each other.
( )1. A. live B. lives C. lived D. is living
( )2. A. am B. is C. are D. was
( )3. A. go B. goes C. went D. is going
( )4. A. like B. likes C. liked D. is liking
( )5. A. am B. is C. are D. was
( )6. A. am B. is C. are D. was
( )7. A. speak B. speaks C. spoke D. is speaking
( )8. A. teach B. teaches C. taught D. is teaching
( )9. A. like B. likes C. liked D. is liking
( )10. A. am B. is C. are D. was
答案与解析
考点一:
考点再现
1.(1)like(2)goes(3)don’t watch(4)Does;read(5)has
2.C
3.(1)do→does(2)doesn’t→don’t(3)goes→go
过关训练
1.(1)studies(2)don’t eat(3)Do;play(4)rises(5)work
2.(1)I get up at 7:00 every morning.(2)She doesn’t like eating noodles.(3)They often go to the park on weekends.
3.(1)T(2)F(3)T
考点二:
考点再现
1.(1)plays(2)watches(3)studies(4)goes(5)has(6)does(7)tries(8)eats(9)carries(10)runs
2.A
3.(1)trys→tries(2)carrys→carries(3)haves→has(4)dos→does
过关训练
1.(1)teaches(2)washes(3)catches(4)flies(5)opens
2.(1)He reads English every evening.(2)My mother cooks dinner every day.(3)This bird sings.
3.(1)He doesn’t play football every afternoon.(2)Does she watch TV in the evening?
考点三:
考点再现
1.(1)have(2)rises;sets(3)likes(4)comes
2.C
3.(1)is get up→gets up(2)无错(3)will go→go
过关训练
1.(1)dances;dances(2)boils(3)doesn’t like(4)takes
2.(1)She usually goes to school on foot every day.(2)Light travels faster than sound.(3)He doesn’t like winter because it’s too cold.
3.(1)usually(2)every day(3)yesterday(4)now
考点四:
考点再现
1.(1)works;goes(2)Does;cook;does;cooks(3)don’t go;play
2.C
过关训练
1.(1)studies;doesn’t study(2)Does;like;doesn’t;likes(3)catches;caught
2.(1)don’t→doesn’t;like→likes(2)watch→watches(3)Do→Does
3.(1)My father is a doctor. He works in a hospital every day.(2)They don’t often watch films because they are busy.(3)This flower is red. It is very beautiful.
一、单项选择
1.B(解析:every afternoon提示一般现在时,主语my brother为三单,用plays)
2.A(解析:主语you,一般疑问句用Do)
3.B(解析:主语she为三单,否定用doesn’t)
4.B(解析:客观事实,用一般现在时,主语the earth为三单)
5.B(解析:主语your father为三单,一般疑问句用Does,后接动词原形read)
6.A(解析:every day提示一般现在时,主语they为复数,用go)
7.C(解析:主语he为三单,用has和reads)
8.B(解析:主语she为三单,否定用doesn’t,后接动词原形watch)
9.B(解析:every evening提示一般现在时,主语my mother为三单,用cooks)
10.A(解析:主语they为复数,一般疑问句用Do,后接动词原形play)
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.like(解析:主语I,用原形)
2.goes(解析:主语she为三单,用goes)
3.don’t watch(解析:主语they为复数,否定用don’t+原形)
4.Does;read(解析:主语your father为三单,用Does+原形)
5.has(解析:主语my mother为三单,用has)
6.studies(解析:主语Tom为三单,用studies)
7.rises(解析:客观事实,主语the sun为三单)
8.don’t eat(解析:主语we为复数,否定用don’t+原形)
9.washes(解析:主语she为三单,用washes)
10.Do;play(解析:主语they为复数,用Do+原形)
三、按要求完成下列各题
1.He doesn’t play football every afternoon.(解析:三单否定用doesn’t+原形)
2.Does she watch TV in the evening?(解析:三单疑问句用Does+原形)
3.How do they go to school?(解析:对方式提问用how)
4.Where does the sun rise?(解析:对地点提问用where)
5.My father reads newspapers every morning.(同义句:My father reads newspapers each morning.)
6.She doesn’t like swimming. She often draws pictures on weekends.(解析:否定用doesn’t+原形,经常性动作用一般现在时)
四、完形填空
1.A(解析:一般现在时,主语I用live)
2.A(解析:一般现在时,主语I用am)
3.A(解析:一般现在时,主语I用go)
4.A(解析:一般现在时,主语I用like)
5.B(解析:一般现在时,主语Miss Wang为三单,用is)
6.B(解析:一般现在时,主语she为三单,用is)
7.B(解析:一般现在时,主语she为三单,用speaks)
8.B(解析:一般现在时,主语she为三单,用teaches)
9.A(解析:一般现在时,主语we为复数,用like)
10.C(解析:一般现在时,主语my classmates为复数,用are)
浙江考情小贴士
1.一般现在时是浙江小升初基础核心时态,分值占比6-8分,覆盖单选、填空、句型转换、改错等题型,是后续时态学习的基础;
2.高频考点集中在动词三单变化、否定/疑问结构、客观事实用法,其中“三单形式遗漏”“否定句动词误用”“时间状语不匹配”是最常见易错点;
3.本地常考语境:结合浙江校园生活、日常出行、自然常识设计题目,答题时注意区分经常性动作和其他时态场景;
4.解题技巧:先看时间状语(every day、usually等)确定时态,再根据主语单复数选择动词形式,最后检查句式结构(肯定/否定/疑问)。
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