Unit5 Goodmanners 提优卷 2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** Unit 5 Good manners 提优卷聚焦礼仪主题，通过多样题型融合语言知识与文化实践，适配初中英语单元复习，全面提升语言能力与跨文化意识。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|12题|礼仪词汇（manners, respect）、语法（介词搭配、从句）|情景对话考查语用能力，如“入乡随俗”回应| |完形填空|10题|叙事逻辑、善意行为（分享、关怀）|新同学赠礼故事渗透礼仪实践，培养思维品质| |阅读理解|13题（4篇）|西方餐桌礼仪、招聘信息、英国文化体验、健康知识|素材涵盖文化差异（A篇）、生活应用（B篇），体现真实性与时代性| |书面表达|1题|礼仪与善意具体做法|以“青春仪式”为情境，要求描述3点礼仪践行与3点温暖传递，提升创新应用能力|

Unit 5 Good manners 提优卷 Name:___________ 一、单项选择 1．The old man told us that we should show enough respect ________ every person around us. A．for B．to C．with D．at 2．—Could you tell me ________ I should behave when I meet foreign guests? —Just remember when in Rome, do as the Romans do. A．where B．what C．how D．why 3．You won’t get true friendship ______ you treat others with kindness. A．if B．unless C．because D．although 4．—Can you tell us when the disease can be prevented completely? —I’m afraid it is still ________ to talk about that. We’ll see. A．so late B．so early C．too late D．too early 5．In Britain, people won’t touch you or push past you if you’re ________. A．on their way B．in their way C．by the way D．in this way 6．You should wait patiently in line ________ you want to get on the bus or buy food. A．if B．until C．before D．though 7．It is impolite to push past others ________ they are standing in the doorway. A．while B．because C．so D．but 8．She didn’t feel ________ to take part in the party discussion in front of the whole class. A．confident enough B．enough confident C．too confident D．so confident 9．How could I ________ him when he offered me all that money? I was really short of it A．realize B．respect C．refuse D．review 10．Once the actor Edwards told his fans,“Be yourself and don’t let anybody _______ you around.“ A．pull B．push C．take D．turn 11．She is ________ excited ________ say a word when she hears the good news. A．too; to B．so; that C．enough; to D．such; that 12．—Our team finally got into the final match of the basketball game! —________ You all worked so hard for it. A．I’m sorry to hear that. B．Well done! Congratulations to you all. C．It doesn’t matter. D．You’re welcome. 二、完形填空 先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 New Year was coming. Theo checked his gifts—robot-shaped erasers again. “Do you have one for everyone in your class?” Mom asked. “Yep! And one for Ms. Robins,” Theo said. “I’m ready for the 13 tomorrow!”    When Theo got to the classroom the next day, he saw a new girl standing near Ms. Robins and looking around shyly. “This is Eva,” said Ms. Robins. “Will someone 14 to show her around?” Theo raised his hand. “Thanks, Theo,” Ms. Robins said. “Now, others, let’s prepare for the party.”     That’s when Theo realized he didn’t have a gift for Eva. Nobody else would have one either. Theo 15 his classmates’ desks covered with gifts while Eva’s was empty. He was 16 not to talk about the party as he showed Eva around.     At lunchtime, Theo showed Eva where she should sit and then he joined the lunch line. As the lunch server placed a heart-shaped cake on his tray, Theo 17 remembered that kids sometimes used candy hearts or other treats as the gifts they exchanged.     As he sat down at his table, a(n) 18 came into his head. He whispered it to the kids around him. Soon everyone was nodding and whispering. After lunch, Theo told Ms. Robins about their 19 . She smiled. “That’s very thoughtful,” she said. “Let’s go for it.”     It was math time, so Ms. Robins helped Eva with the math problem and made sure Eva wouldn’t notice that her new classmates were 20 a big paper heart around. It was with “To Eva” in the middle and all her classmates’ 21 around it. Then Theo hid it under the desk.     Before long, it was party time. They played games and exchanged gifts. Theo saw the 22 look on Eva’s face as she looked at the other kids’ desks covered with gifts.     “Here’s your gift, Eva,” Theo said, placing the big red heart in front of her. “It’s from everyone.”     Eva stared at the beautiful gift and smiled. “Thank you! It’s really a special day!” 13．A．class B．speech C．party D．show 14．A．manage B．refuse C．promise D．volunteer 15．A．noticed B．pictured C．forgot D．expected 16．A．careless B．careful C．generous D．happy 17．A．completely B．exactly C．properly D．suddenly 18．A．secret B．report C．idea D．dream 19．A．plan B．project C．purpose D．subject 20．A．throwing B．drawing C．passing D．showing 21．A．wishes B．names C．love D．welcome 22．A．angry B．sad C．interested D．Surprised 三、阅读理解 A 23．What time do Western people usually have dinner? A．At midday. B．At 5:00 in the afternoon. C．At around 7 p.m. or even later. D．At 4:00 in the afternoon. 24．What will a host probably say to a guest at the start of a meal? A．Can I help you? B．Eat slowly! C．Help yourself! D．Could you serve me? 25．Which of the following is helpful when you’re in the West according to the poster? A．You can leave as soon as you’ve finished eating. B．If you don’t know what to do, just watch the others and do as they do. C．You can’t eat chicken legs with your fingers. D．The fork is held in your right hand and the knife in your left. B Join us at Uncle Bob’s country buffet (自助餐)—one of the best local restaurants. We are now looking for people who would be interested in working with us.   3 cooks*At least one year’s experience in a Western restaurant kitchen. *Able to work on weekends. *Work 5 p.m.-10 p.m. every day 2 cleaners*No experience needed. *Part-time welcome. *Work 12 p.m.-5 p.m. or 5 p.m.-10 p.m. Waiters/Waitresses *At least one year’s work experience in a cafe or restaurant.   *Part-time welcome. *Accept fast-paced work and shift changes (换班). *Work 4 a.m.-11 a.m., 11 a.m.-6 p.m. or 6 p.m.-1 a.m. We’re also looking for delivery workers who are good at riding a bike. You must be 18 or older to work at Uncle Bob’s. If you want to know more information about each job, please call 6247859. 26．If you want to know how much money each job pays, what can you do? A．Make a phone call. B．Send an e-mail. C．Write a letter. D．Visit the website. 27．What can we know from the text? A．Cleaners should have at least one year of experience. B．A 15-year-old boy can ask for a job at Uncle Bob’s. C．Part-time waiters and waitresses are also welcome. D．Cooks only need to work for about 5 hours on weekdays. 28．What type of text is it? A．A travel guide. B．A news report. C．A book review. D．A job poster. C I am really enjoying my trip to the UK! Staying with Aunt Mary has been great fun. Yesterday, I learnt a lot about manners here. It was Aunt Mary’s birthday yesterday so we went to a very famous restaurant in London. Aunt Mary told me to wear smart clothes and shoes, because the restaurant had a “dress code”. That means you can only eat there if you are wearing smart clothes! The restaurant is one of the most popular in London, so we had to queue for about ten minutes. British people do not mind standing in queues. The menu was in French, not English! However, the waiter was very polite and friendly. He told me what the dishes were and helped me choose something. There were three different types of knives and forks to eat with. You must start with the knife and fork from the outside first. After the main course (主菜), we also enjoyed some dessert which is a kind of sweet food eaten at the end of a meal, such as pudding, ice-cream, pancake and so on. When we finished, we put the knife and fork next to each other in the middle of the plate. The food was very delicious. After the meal, Uncle John paid for the meal and left the waiter a “tip”. This is some extra money for good service. It was such a treat to visit such an expensive restaurant. I am very lucky! Manners here can be very different from those at home. However, I know that not every restaurant in the UK is like that. You may see people eating with hands in some fast food restaurants. 29．Why did Uncle John leave the waiter a “tip”? A．Because he was rich. B．Because the waiter was so poor. C．Because giving a tip is a custom in the UK. D．Because the waiter offered good service. 30．Which of the following shows the right order of using the table settings (餐具) in the British restaurant? A．Dessert Spoon—Teaspoon—Soup Spoon B．Salad Fork—Dinner Knife—Dessert Spoon C．Dessert Fork—Salad Knife—Soup Spoon D．Salad Fork—Dessert Fork—Dinner Fork 31．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The waiter helped the writer order the dishes. B．The menus in the UK were all written in French. C．The writer didn’t enjoy the meal, though it was expensive. D．People should wear smart clothes while eating in every British restaurant. D Food allergies (过敏) can be very dangerous for people. Their bodies may itch (发痒). They may want to throw up and can even die from allergies. What’s worse, food allergies are becoming more common these days.     Kari Nadeau, an allergy expert at Stanford University in the US, did a study of food allergies around the world. She found that while 3 percent of people had them in 1960, the number rose to 7 percent in 2018. Nadeau said one reason for this might be that we have fewer interactions (相互作用) with microbiota (微生物群). Microbiota can “train” our bodies and stop us from getting allergies. Our bodies have fewer chances to get close to microbiota these days. We live in cleaner homes. We stay indoors for longer hours. Doctors are using more antibiotics (抗生素) on us as children —antibiotics kill microbiota. Scientists say it’s a good idea for babies to eat many different kinds of foods so that they can build up tolerance (耐受) in their early years. Having a pet cat or dog can also stop the development of allergies. 32．What may happen when people have food allergies, according to the passage? A．They may lose weight. B．They may get hungry easily. C．They may want to throw up. D．They may feel thirsty all the time. 33．What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A．Microbiota can cause allergies. B．The more microbiota, the better. C．We should keep away from microbiota. D．We can go outdoors to get close to microbiota. 34．In which part of a magazine could you find this article? A．Food B．Health C．Music D．Culture 35．What’s the best title of this article? A．A study of food allergies. B．Microbiota. C．What cause allergies? D．How to prevent allergies? 四、信息还原 Ever since the first cars were built, carmakers have been working to make them better. There have been a lot of changes. So here are some interesting ideas! A Cleaner, Cheaper Car? There are already a lot of electric cars on the road. Someday, they may be great. 36 Some electric cars run on gasoline part of the time. So they still dirty the air. Also, someday they might cost less, but now most electric cars cost a lot of money. Many of today’s electric cars run on batteries. 37 The driver has to wait for the batteries to be charged up before using the car again. And if a driver is away from home, he or she may have a hard time finding a place to plug in the car to recharge. A Faster Car? Some inventors think that a flying car is a great idea. 38 If driving on the road is too slow, these cars will rise up in the air. Someday, there may be a lot of flying cars. Could that lead to traffic jams in the sky? A Safer Car? 39 But some inventors think that cars would be safer if they drove themselves. They say that people usually make mistakes but a self-driving car would not. At least one company is getting ready to sell cars that drive themselves. 40 But not everyone is ready to accept that a machine would be a better driver than a human. Someday, there may even be self-driving cars that can also fly and run on electricity. That could solve a lot of problems! A．But right now there are still some problems. B．Seat belts and airbags help keep you safe now. C．They say it would help people get to places faster. D．The cars use special cameras and other tools to drive. E．The batteries may not take the car very far because they easily run out of power. 五、单词拼写 41．The students are ________ (耐心地) waiting in line to get on the bus. 42．Parents should teach their children some basic good _______ (礼仪) from an early age. 43．People who live in various cultural environments will always think and behave ________ (不同地). 44．In quiet public places, we must not speak or laugh ________ (大声地). 45．In modern society, everyone is supposed to follow basic public ________ (礼仪) all the time. 46．Everyone should behave ________ (quiet) in libraries and exhibition halls. 47．It is ________ (polite) to interrupt others casually when they are expressing their own ideas. 48．The final p________ of the app is to train students’ speaking and listening skills. 49．After hours of d________, they decided not to take this plan. 50．Let’s have a d________ on where to spend the summer holiday after class. 六、选词填空 根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择5个适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。其中有一个是多余选项。 give up      happily      books      because of      made      sixties In order to help some children in poor areas return to school, our school held a charity walk on Tuesday. At first, we all felt energetic and talked with each other 51 . However, I started to be out of breath after one hour’s walk. It seemed that I couldn’t walk any more. Just then, I heard our headmaster’s voice. She encouraged us not to 52 . Although she was in her 53 , she walked together with us. At the end of the day, we students raised lots of money 54 our efforts. Our school used the money to buy different kinds of 55 and then sent them to the children in poor areas. If all of us can give a helping hand, we can make a big difference to the world. 七、短文填空 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 Hanging a red lantern in front of the door is believed to drive off bad luck. The first Chinese paper lanterns in h 56 were invented during the Eastern Han Dynasty. In ancient China, people raised lanterns to get light and wish for a better life. Also, lanterns were widely used on festivals. Nowadays, it has become a tradition that b 57 big cities and small towns are filled with red lanterns during the festival. The materials for making lanterns are s 58 . People can make bamboo, wood and metal into frames (框架) of lanterns. Paper and silk are the m 59 materials for covers. People like to paint beautiful Chinese pictures on them. The traditional lantern is covered by rice paper with a c 60 burning inside. Light shines t 61 the rice paper at night. That is really Chinese style. The most common Chinese lanterns are red, round and with red or golden tassels (流苏). They are seen as bright symbols of happiness and good w 62 . In Chinese culture, lanterns in different colors e 63 different meanings. People usually light several lanterns for the Chinese New Year, and enjoy lantern shows with family members t 64 during the Lantern Festival. Happiness and joy s 65 into thousands of families by these different lanterns. Lanterns are also used in all kinds of celebrations. Lanterns have become the national pride in China. 八、任务型阅读 阅读短文，回答短文后的问题。每题答案不超过10个词。 An aged man lived in a nice village with a large garden. People often saw him looking after his flowers. One day a young painter went by this garden. He was attracted (吸引) by the beautiful flowers. Then suddenly he found the old gardener wasn’t able to see. The painter asked in surprise, “Why are you busy looking after these flowers which you can’t see?” The gardener smiled and answered, “I can tell you the reasons. First, I was a gardener when I was young, and I like this job. Second, although I can’t see these flowers, I can touch them. Third, I can smell the sweetness of them. As to the last one, that’s you.” “Me? But you don’t know me.” “It’s true that I don’t know you. I know many people who show love for life would stop by and the beauty of my garden will get them into a good feeling. At the same time, it also gives me a chance to have a word with you here, and to enjoy the happiness these flowers have brought us.” The gardener doesn’t only grow flowers in the garden but also in his heart. Although he couldn’t see the beauty of blooming, he surely can hear the voice of it. 66．Was the gardener able to see? 67．Why did the young painter stop? 68．How many reasons did the gardener give? 69．What did the beauty of the old man’s garden get people into? 70．What do you think of the gardener? 九、书面表达 71．青春有礼，阳光同行。学校将举办“青春仪式”主题活动，倡议青少年践行文明礼仪、传递温暖力量。请以“用礼貌与善意点亮青春”为题，写一篇英语短文。 要求：     (1)描述践行礼仪和传递温暖的具体做法，至少各3点；语言通顺，意思连贯，条理清晰。 (2)词数90左右；文章的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 (3)文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称等信息。 Light Up Youth with Good Manners and Kindness Youth is a time not only to improve our knowledge and abilities, but to grow with good manners and kindness. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Remember: every small effort counts. Let’s light up youth with our actions and make the world a better place for everyone. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 《Unit 5 Good manners 提优卷》参考答案 1．A 【详解】句意：那位老人告诉我们应该对周围的每个人表示足够的尊重。 for对于；to朝向；with和；at在。固定搭配“show respect for sb.”意为“对某人表示尊重”，此处应用介词for。 2．C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我当遇到外国客人时我应该如何表现吗？——请记住，入乡随俗。 where哪里；what什么；how如何；why为什么。答语“Just remember when in Rome, do as the Romans do.”提示，问句询问的是行为举止的方式，应用how引导宾语从句。 3．B 【详解】句意：你不会得到真正的友谊，除非你善待他人。 if如果；unless除非；because因为；although虽然。根据句意可知，前后句是条件关系，表示“如果不善待他人，就不会得到友谊”，unless意为“除非”，符合语境 4．D 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我这个疾病什么时候能被完全制止吗？——恐怕现在讲这个还太早。我们再观望一下吧。 考查的是too...to...的用法。根据后文“We’ll see.”可知前文的意思是目前还太早而无法下结论，应该是否定回答。too...to...表示“太……而不能……”符合题意，而early表示“早的”。故选D。 5．B 【详解】句意：在英国，如果你挡了他们的路，人们不会碰你或从你身边推开。 考查介词短语。on their way在他们的路上；in their way挡住他们的路；by the way顺便；in this way用这种方式。根据“people won’t touch you or push past you if you’re...”可知，如果你挡了他们的路，人们不会碰你或从你身边推开。故选B。 6．A 【详解】句意：如果你想上公共汽车或买食物，你应该耐心排队。 if如果；until直到；before在……之前；though虽然。根据语境可知，“you want to get on the bus or buy food”是“You should wait patiently in line”的条件，需要用if引导条件状语从句，故填if。 7．A 【详解】句意：当别人正站在门口时，从他们身边挤过去是不礼貌的。 while当……时候；because因为；so所以；but但是。根据“they are standing in the doorway”可知，此处表示当别人正站在门口的时候，强调主句动作发生在从句动作进行的过程中，应用while引导时间状语从句。 8．A 【详解】句意：她感觉没有足够的信心在全班面前参加班级讨论。 confident enough足够自信；enough confident表达错误；too confident太自信；so confident如此自信。根据语法规则，enough修饰形容词时要后置，结合语境“didn’t feel”表示她缺乏信心，应填confident enough。 9．C 【详解】句意：当他给我那么多钱时，我怎么能拒绝他呢？我真的很缺钱。 realize意识到；respect尊重；refuse拒绝；review复习。根据“I was really short of it”可知作者当时很缺钱，因此不可能拒绝别人的资助。故选C。 10．B 【详解】句意：演员Edwards曾经告诉他的粉丝：“做你自己，不要随波逐流”。 考查动词辨析。pull拉；push推；take拿走；turn旋转。根据说的话中的be yourself做你自己，可知是在告诉自己的粉丝，不要受别人摆布，不要随波逐流。push sb. around表示“摆布, 烦扰, 欺侮, 迫使就范”之意。故选B。 11．A 【详解】句意：当她听到这个好消息时，她激动得说不出话来。 too...to...意为“太……而不能……”，后接动词原形；so...that...和such...that...后需接完整从句；enough...to...表示“足够……做……”，且enough需放在形容词之后。根据题干可知，第二空后say为动词原形；excited位于第一空之后，不符合enough的置后规则；结合语境表示因激动而无法说话，符合too... to...结构。 12．B 【详解】句意：——我们队终于进入了篮球比赛的决赛！——做得很好！祝贺你们所有人。你们为此付出了巨大努力。   I’m sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我很难过；Well done! Congratulations to you all.干得好！祝贺你们所有人；It doesn’t matter.没关系；You’re welcome.不客气。根据对方成功进入决赛的喜讯，应表示祝贺和赞扬，Well done! Congratulations to you all符合语境。 13．C 14．D 15．A 16．B 17．D 18．C 19．A 20．C 21．B 22．B 【导语】本文讲述了在新年即将到来之际，Theo准备好了给同学和老师的礼物，却发现新同学 Eva 没有礼物。于是Theo想出一个主意，和同学们一起为Eva制作了一个大纸心作为礼物，最终让Eva度过了一个特别的日子。 13．句意：我为明天的派对做好准备了！ 根据下文“Now, others, let’s prepare for the party.”可知，明天是派对，party“派对”符合语境。class“班级”、speech“演讲”、show“表演”均不符合。 14．句意：有人愿意自愿带她四处看看吗？ 根据下文“Theo raised his hand.”可知，老师是问有没有人自愿带新同学四处看看，volunteer“自愿做”符合语境。manage“管理”、refuse“拒绝”、promise“承诺”均不符合。 15．句意：Theo注意到同学们的桌子上都摆满了礼物，而Eva的桌子却是空的。 根据语境可知，Theo应该是注意到同学们桌子上有礼物而Eva的没有，noticed“注意到”符合语境。pictured“想象”、forgot“忘记”、expected“期待”均不符合。 16．句意：他带Eva四处参观时很小心，不谈论派对的事。 根据上文可知Eva没有礼物，所以Theo小心地不谈论派对，以免让她难过，careful“小心的”符合语境。careless“粗心的”、generous“慷慨的”、happy“开心的”均不符合。 17．句意：当午餐服务员把一个心形蛋糕放在他的托盘上时，Theo突然想起孩子们有时会用糖果心或其他零食作为交换的礼物。 根据语境可知，这里是突然想起，suddenly“突然”符合语境。completely“完全地”、exactly“确切地”、properly“适当地”均不符合。 18．句意：当他坐在桌子旁时，一个主意涌上心头。 根据下文“He whispered it to the kids around him.”可知，他想到一个主意，idea“主意”符合语境。secret“秘密”、report“报告”、dream“梦想”均不符合。 19．句意：午饭后，Theo把他们的计划告诉了Robins老师。 根据下文“She smiled. ‘That’s very thoughtful,’ she said. ‘Let’s go for it.’”可知，Theo 是把计划告诉了老师，plan“计划”符合语境。project“项目”、purpose“目的”、subject“主题”均不符合。 20．句意：现在是数学时间，所以Robins老师帮Eva解决数学问题，并确保Eva不会注意到她的新同学们正在传递一个大纸心。 根据下文“Then Theo hid it under the desk.”可知，同学们是在传递纸心，passing“传递”符合语境。throwing“扔”、drawing“画”、showing“展示”均不符合。 21．句意：纸心中间写着“给 Eva”，周围是她所有同学的名字。 根据语境可知，纸心周围应该是同学们的名字，names“名字”符合语境。wishes“愿望”、love“爱”、welcome“欢迎”均不符合。 22．句意：当Eva看到其他孩子的桌子上摆满了礼物时，Theo看到了她脸上悲伤的表情。 根据上文可知Eva没有礼物，所以看到其他孩子有礼物时应该是悲伤的，sad“悲伤的”符合语境。angry“生气的”、interested“感兴趣的”、surprised“惊讶的”均不符合。 23．C 24．C 25．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了西方的用餐时间、餐桌礼仪以及在西方就餐时的实用建议。 23．文中“Dinner=At around 7 p.m. or even later.”指出，西方人通常在晚上七点左右甚至更晚吃晚餐。 24．文中“At the start of a meal: A guest will be invited to serve himself (‘Help yourself!’)”指出，用餐开始时主人通常会对客人说“请自便”。 25．文中“The golden rule: Watch the other people. Do as they do!”指出，在西方不知道怎么做时，观察别人并效仿是有帮助的。 26．A 27．C 28．D 【导语】本文是一则招工海报。 26．根据海报结尾“If you want to know more information about each job, please call 6247859.”可知，可以打电话。 27．根据“Part-time welcome”可知，餐厅也欢迎兼职的服务员。“2 cleaners”中，“No experience needed”，可以排除A选项；海报结尾部分“You must be 18 or older to work at Uncle Bob’s.”, 可以排除B选项；“3 cooks”中，“Able to work on weekends”，可以排除D选项。 28．该文本是一个招聘海报，招聘厨师、清洁工、服务员以及外卖员等。 29．D 30．B 31．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在英国餐厅用餐的经历及相关的英国餐桌礼仪文化。 29．文中第四段提到“After the meal, Uncle John paid for the meal and left the waiter a ‘tip’. This is some extra money for good service.” 可知约翰叔叔给服务员小费是因为他提供了好的服务。 30．文中第三段提到“You must start with the knife and fork from the outside first.” 结合餐具摆放图，按从外到内的使用顺序，符合正确顺序的是B选项⑤Salad Fork—⑦Dinner Knife—⑫Dessert Spoon。 31．文中第三段提到“However, the waiter was very polite and friendly. He told me what the dishes were and helped me choose something.” 可知服务员帮助作者点了菜品，A选项表述正确，B、D选项都说的太绝对了，C选项与原文“The food was very delicious.”不符。 32．C 33．D 34．B 35．A 【导语】本文主要介绍一项食物过敏的研究，研究表明过敏现在变得越来越普遍，文章也介绍引起这一现象的原因和应对措施。 32．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They may want to throw up and can even die from allergies.”可知，当人们对食物过敏时，他们可能想呕吐。故选C。 33．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Our bodies have fewer chances to get close to microbiota these days…We stay indoors for longer hours.”可知，在室内呆的时间更长，这导致我们的身体接近微生物群的机会越来越少，可推知我们可以到户外去接近微生物群。故选D。 34．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍一项研究表明过敏现在变得越来越普遍，文章也介绍了引起这一现象的原因和应对措施，属于健康范畴。故选B。 35．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍一项食物过敏的研究，研究表明过敏现在变得越来越普遍，以及引起这一现象的原因和应对措施，所以A项符合。故选A。 36．A 37．E 38．C 39．B 40．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了汽车制造商为改进汽车所做的一些创新，包括更清洁、更便宜的汽车、更快的汽车以及更安全的汽车，并探讨了这些创新的优缺点。 36．根据“Some electric cars run on gasoline part of the time. So they still dirty the air. Also, someday they might cost less, but now most electric cars cost a lot of money.”可知，电动汽车目前存在的一些问题，如部分时间靠汽油驱动污染空气、价格昂贵等，所以此空应引出这些问题，选项A“但目前仍然存在一些问题”符合语境。故选A。 37．根据“The driver has to wait for the batteries to be charged up before using the car again. And if a driver is away from home, he or she may have a hard time finding a place to plug in the car to recharge.”可知，电动汽车的电池续航能力有限，此空应围绕电池的问题展开，选项E“电池可能无法让汽车行驶很远，因为它们很容易没电”符合语境。故选E。 38．根据“Some inventors think that a flying car is a great idea..... If driving on the road is too slow, these cars will rise up in the air.”可知，此空应说明飞行汽车好的原因，选项C“他们说它能帮助人们更快地到达目的地”符合语境。故选C。 39．根据“But some inventors think that cars would be safer if they drove themselves. They say that people usually make mistakes but a self-driving car would not.”可知，空后说的是自动驾驶，有转折词but，说明此空应先提到手动驾驶目前让汽车安全的方式，选项B“现在安全带和安全气囊帮助保证你的安全”符合语境。故选B。 40．根据“At least one company is getting ready to sell cars that drive themselves....But not everyone is ready to accept that a machine would be a better driver than a human.”可知，此空应说明自动驾驶汽车的相关情况，选项D“这些汽车使用特殊的摄像头和其他工具来驾驶”符合语境。故选D。 41．patiently 【详解】句意：学生们正在耐心地排队等待上公交车。patiently“耐心地”，是副词，修饰动词“waiting”。 42．manners 【详解】句意：父母应当在孩子很小的时候就教导他们一些基本的礼貌规范。manner“礼仪”，可数名词。some修饰名词复数形式。故填manners。 43．differently 【详解】句意：生活在不同文化环境中的人们，思维方式与行为举止总是不相同。根据中文提示可知，“不同地”对应的英文是differently，是副词，此处作状语修饰think and behave，故填differently。 44．loudly 【详解】句意：在安静的公共场所，我们不能大声说笑。loudly意为“大声地”，副词修饰动词speak和laugh。 45．manners 【详解】句意：在现代社会，每个人都应该始终遵守基本的公共礼仪。manner“礼仪”，可数名词；空格前“basic public”提示，此处泛指基本的公共礼仪，名词manner应用复数形式manners。 46．quietly 【详解】句意：每个人在图书馆和展厅都应该举止安静。quiet意为“安静的”，是形容词。此处修饰动词behave，应用副词形式。故填quietly。 47．impolite 【详解】句意：当别人正在表达观点时随意打断他们是不礼貌的。根据“interrupt others casually”可知，随意打断别人是不礼貌的行为，polite的反义词为impolite“不礼貌的”符合语境。 48．purpose/urpose 【详解】句意：这款应用的最终目的是培养学生的听说能力。空格处填写名词，purpose“目的”，the final purpose为固定搭配意为“最终目的”。 49．discussion/iscussion 【详解】句意：经过几个小时的讨论，他们决定不采取这个计划。根据“After hours of d..., they decided not to take this plan.”及首字母提示可知，此处需要一个名词来作“of”的宾语，表示“讨论”的意思，名词“discussion”，表示“讨论，商讨”。故填discussion。 50．discussion/iscussion 【详解】句意：下课后，我们来讨论一下去哪里过暑假吧。根据“have a...on where to spend the summer holiday”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“讨论”，discussion“讨论”，是名词，空格前有不定冠词“a”修饰，名词应用单数形式，故填discussion。 51．happily 52．give up 53．sixties 54．because of 55．books 【导语】本文通过描述学校组织的慈善步行的过程，传递“付出努力帮助他人，能让世界变得更美好”的理念，同时体现团队精神与公益精神。 51．句意：起初，我们都感觉精力充沛，愉快地互相交谈。句子成分分析可知，此处句子已完整，可填入副词happily来修饰动词talked，表示刚开始氛围很好。 52．句意：她鼓励我们不要放弃。前文“It seemed that I couldn’t walk any more.”提到我感觉走不动了，此处校长应该是鼓励我们不要放弃，使用搭配encourage sb. not to do sth.，“放弃”对应give up。 53．句意：即使她已经六十多岁了，但她还是和我们一起步行。此处使用搭配in one’s +整十数的复数，意为“在某人几十多岁时”，这里表示“校长六十多岁”，使用sixties。 54．句意：最终，由于我们的努力，我们学生们筹集了很多钱。前文提到“最后我们成功完成了步行”，后文是“我们的努力”，需要表达因果关系，our efforts是名词短语，需填入because of后接名词/名词短语。 55．句意：我们学校用这笔钱买了不同种类的书，然后把它们送给了贫困地区的孩子们。different kinds of后接名词复数，填入books符合“花钱买书送给贫困地区的孩子们”的语境。 56．(h)istory 57．(b)oth 58．(s)imple 59．(m)ain 60．(c)andle 61．(t)hrough 62．(w)ishes 63．(e)xpress 64．(t)ogether 65．(s)pread 【导语】本文主要介绍了灯笼的起源，制作材料以及它的用处。 56．句意：中国历史上第一个纸灯笼发明于东汉时期。根据“...invented during the Eastern Han Dynasty”可知，此处指历史上第一盏纸灯笼发明于东汉年间， in history“历史上”，固定搭配，符合语境。故填(h)istory。 57．句意：如今，无论是大城市还是小城镇，在节日期间都挂满了红灯笼，这已经成为一种传统。根据“...big cities and small towns are filled with...”可知，此处在强调大城市和小城镇都挂满了红灯笼，both...and...“两者都”。故填(b)oth。 58．句意：制作灯笼的材料很简单。根据“People can make bamboo, wood and metal into frames of lanterns.”可知制作灯笼的原材料都简单易得，simple“简单的”符合语境。故填(s)imple。 59．句意：纸和丝绸是制作封面的主要材料。根据“Paper and silk are the...materials for covers.”和常识可知，制作风筝封面的主材料是纸和丝绸，再由首字母提示可知，“主要的”main。故填(m)ain。 60．句意：传统的灯笼是用宣纸覆盖的，里面燃烧着蜡烛。根据“The traditional lantern is covered by rice paper with a...burning inside.”和常识可知，宣纸灯笼里有一根燃烧的蜡烛，candle“蜡烛”，名词符合语境，空格前有a，应用单数candle。故填(c)andle。 61．句意：晚上，光透过宣纸照进来。根据“Light shines...the rice paper at night.”可知，光是穿过宣纸照过来的；through“透过（窗户、玻璃等）”，介词。故填(t)hrough。 62．句意：它们被视为幸福和美好祝愿的明亮象征。根据“bright symbols of happiness and good...”和常识可知，在中国，灯笼被视为是幸福和美好的祝愿的象征。wish“祝愿”，可数名词，符合语境，空格前没有限定词，此处应用复数。故填(w)ishes。 63．句意：在中国文化中，不同颜色的灯笼表达不同的含义。根据“lanterns in different colors... different meanings”结合常识可知，在中国文化上，不同颜色的灯笼代表、表达了不同的含义；再根据首字母提示可知express“表达”符合语境。本文使用一般现在时，本句主语为复数名词lanterns，故应使用express。故填(e)xpress。 64．句意：人们通常在中国新年点亮几盏灯笼，并在元宵节期间与家人一起欣赏灯笼表演。根据“enjoy lantern shows with family member...”和常识可知，在元宵节时人们常和家人一起赏灯；再由首字母提示可知，together“一起”符合语境。故填(t)ogether。 65．句意：幸福和喜悦通过这些不同的灯笼传播到千家万户。根据“Happiness and joy...into thousands of families”可知 ，此处指幸福和喜悦传到了千家万户，spread“传播”，动词，符合语境；本文使用一般现在时，本句主语为“Happiness and joy”，故应使用spread。故填(s)pread。 66．No, he wasn’t. 67．He’s attracted by the flowers. 68．Four. 69．A good feeling. 70．He’s kind and friendly. 【导语】本文主要讲述了盲人园丁每天照顾美丽的花草，虽然看不见花的美丽，却能感受到它们带来的幸福。 66．根据“Then suddenly he found the old gardener wasn’t able to see.”可知老人看不见。故填No, he wasn’t. 67．根据“He was attracted (吸引) by the beautiful flowers”可知他被那些美丽的花所吸引。故填He’s attracted by the flowers. 68．根据“First...Second...Third...As to the last one”可知一共提到了四个理由。故填Four. 69．根据“the beauty of my garden will get them into a good feeling”可知花园的美丽会让他们感觉很好。故填A good feeling. 70．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为He’s kind and friendly. 71． 范文： Light Up Youth with Good Manners and Kindness Youth is a time not only to improve our knowledge and abilities, but to grow with good manners and kindness. To practice good manners, we can start with small daily actions. First, always say “please”, “thank you” and “sorry” when needed. Second, wait in line and never push others. Third, respect the elderly by offering them seats on the bus. To spread kindness, we can help classmates with their studies, comfort sad friends with warm words, and take part in volunteer work like cleaning the park or visiting old people’s homes. These actions make our school warmer and our society better. Let’s fill every day with polite words and caring hearts. Remember: every small effort counts. Let’s light up youth with our actions and make the world a better place for everyone. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文/倡议类文章，以一般现在时和祈使句为主 明确要点：践行礼仪的具体做法（至少3点）、传递温暖的具体做法（至少3点）、行动的意义 确定人称：第一人称复数（we）和第二人称（you）为主 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称，需涵盖所有要点 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：已给出，引出青春与礼仪善意的主题 主体段一：列举践行礼仪的具体做法（至少3点） 主体段二：列举传递温暖的具体做法（至少3点） 结尾段：总结行动意义，呼应开头 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：践行礼仪的做法 礼貌用语：say “please”, “thank you” and “sorry” when needed/use polite words等 排队守序：wait in line/never push others/be patient等 尊重长辈：respect the elderly/offer them seats on the bus/help them cross the road等 其他礼仪：keep quiet in public/cover mouth when coughing等 要点二：传递温暖的做法 帮助同学：help classmates with their studies/share notes/explain problems等 安慰朋友：comfort sad friends with warm words/listen to them/give hugs等 志愿服务：take part in volunteer work/clean the park/visit old people’s homes/help the homeless等 其他善意：smile to others/say hello first/give compliments等 要点三：行动意义 学校意义：make our school warmer/build a friendly environment等 社会意义：make society better/create a harmonious world等 个人成长：fill every day with polite words and caring hearts/become better persons等 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $